DOCSLIB.ORG

A PGIS and Citizen Science Approach to Monitoring the Condition of Upland Paths

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Master Thesis in Geographical Information Science nr 91 HOP!: a PGIS and citizen science approach to monitoring the condition of upland paths Niamh Harty 2018 Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Centre for Geographical Information Systems Lund University Sölvegatan 12 S-223 62 Lund Sweden Niamh Harty (2018). HOP!: a PGIS and citizen science approach to monitoring the condition of upland paths Master degree thesis, 30 credits in Master in Geographical Information Science Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University ii HOP!: a PGIS and citizen science approach to monitoring the condition of upland paths Niamh Harty Master thesis, 30 credits, in Geographical Information Sciences Supervisor Micael Runnström Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science iii Acknowledgements I would like to thank a lot of people who helped me along the road in this research. Firstly, I would like to thank Enda Mullen, District Conservation Officer in Wicklow Mountains National Park, for suggesting the topic of my research and for being so generous with her time, knowledge, advice and enthusiasm during the project. Sincere thanks also to Frieda Ryan, Deirdre Norris, Hans Koenders, and Emmet Gavin who were the volunteers who carried out surveys and provided the data which was an essential element of this project. Orla Donnelly and Valerie Lynch also provided great support on the hills. Thanks also to many of the members of the Bootleggers Hillwalking Club who listened to my ideas and gave me very valuable feedback and support. Helen Lawless deserves special mention for her unceasing enthusiasm about protecting the environment, and for putting me in touch with Enda Mullen in the first place. I would also like to thank my supervisor, Micael Runnström, for his help on the project, and also for teaching the course on Natural Area Tourism which led me to this area of research. Thanks to Shay Walsh, Bill Murphy, and other members of Mountain Meitheal for a great day on a trail and for giving me their opinions on my project. Many thanks also to Sue Power and Power Design for giving advice on how to make my app look professional – I really appreciate the help. Thank you also to Cormac MacDonnell and Doug Corrie of the National Trails Office, Maurice Gavin for suggesting I look at using PhoneGap, and to all those helpful generous people on Stack Overflow who share their knowledge. I would like to thank my colleague, Brian Caulfield, who first told me about the Master’s in GIS in Lund University. Finally and most importantly, I would like to thank my children, Killian, Mark and Cliona, for listening patiently to accounts of my progress on this Master’s. iv Abstract This research project was inspired by the increase in popularity of hillwalking and the problem of the lack of monitoring and maintenance of upland paths which may lead to serious deterioration of those paths. Wicklow Mountains National Park (WMNP), just south of Dublin City in Ireland, has a large network of mostly informal upland paths. A comprehensive baseline survey of many of these paths was carried out by a professional in 2002/3, but they have not been surveyed since. The aim of the research is to design an app to collect data on the condition of hiking paths in WMNP using a PGIS approach combined with citizen science, and to compare the current condition with that recorded in 2002/3 surveys. The PGIS approach to collecting data on path condition involved consultations with the District Conservation Officer of WMNP and hillwalkers, which were held at a number of stages during the project. These consultations informed the design of the path condition survey, the app, and the format of the presentation of the results in GIS. They also resulted in the recruitment of citizen scientists to carry out the surveys. An app called HOP! (which stands for How’s Our Path!) was developed in PhoneGap and runs on iOS and Android mobile devices. The app prompts the user to record path condition indicators, including path width, depth and braiding, and to take photographs at pre-set target points along a chosen hiking path. Eight of the twenty four WMNP paths surveyed in 2002/3 were successfully surveyed in 2016/17 with the HOP! app by five hillwalkers, acting as volunteer data collectors. The 2002/3 path condition data was converted into a structured format in order to display it in ArcGIS and in the app, and to compare the current condition with that recorded in 2002/3. The HOP! app was found to be easy to use and effective, and geolocated photographs, including a hiking pole to assist in judging scale, were found to be very valuable in recording the path condition. While 60% of the locations surveyed showed some improvement or no change in overall path condition, 71% of these locations had deteriorated in some way – path widening, deepening or braiding. The overall condition of six of the eight paths was found to have disimproved since they were surveyed in 2002/3. It is concluded that valuable path condition data can be collected by volunteers using the HOP! app. v vi Table of Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................................. iv Abstract ................................................................................................................................................................. v Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................................ vii Table of Figures .................................................................................................................................................... x Table of Tables .................................................................................................................................................... xii Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................................... xiii Chapter 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Hillwalking .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Impacts of hiking on natural areas and the importance of monitoring ........................................................ 1 1.3 Wicklow Mountains National Park .............................................................................................................. 1 1.4 Mobile technology ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1.5 PGIS and citizen science .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.6 Aim and Research Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 4 1.7 Outline of thesis ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2 Background ......................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Path condition assessment ........................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Mobile technology ...................................................................................................................................... 22 2.3 PGIS and citizen science ............................................................................................................................ 23 Chapter 3 Methodology ...................................................................................................................................... 29 3.1 Methodology – RO 1: To develop an app to collect data on hiking path conditions in WMNP, based on a PGIS and citizen science approach ................................................................................................................. 29 3.2 Methodology – RO 2: To compare the path condition data collected using PGIS and citizen science with that collected by a professional surveyor in 2002/3 ........................................................................................ 33 3.3 Methodology – RO 3: To convert the path condition surveys of 2002/3 into a format that can be used for comparison with the current condition ............................................................................................................ 36 3.4 Methodology – RO 4: To determine the condition of the WMNP hiking paths today, and to compare it with the condition in 2002/3 ............................................................................................................................ 37 Chapter 4 Results................................................................................................................................................ 39 4.1 Results – RO 1: To develop an app to collect data on hiking path conditions in WMNP, based on a PGIS and citizen science approach ..........................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • J14 for PRINTER - Copy.Indd 23 10/04/2015 23:21:44 Journal of the Mining Heritage Trust of Ireland No

    J14 for PRINTER - Copy.Indd 23 10/04/2015 23:21:44 Journal of the Mining Heritage Trust of Ireland No

    This document is with a copy of the following article published by the Mining Heritage Trust of Ireland. It is provided for non-commercial research and educational use. The Mining Heritage Trust of Ireland formally ceased its existence in 2019 but has provided a continuing website of resources with free access for those interested in the activities of the organisation in its various formats from 1996-2019, and in Irish mining heritage in a broader sense. Schwartz, S. P., Critchley, M. F. (2014) ‘The Silver-Lead Mines of Glenmalure, County Wicklow: A History and an Archaeological Survey of Extant Remains’ Journal of the Mining Heritage Trust of Ireland, 14, pp. 23-86 Copyright of this article remains with the Mining Heritage Trust of Ireland whose archives, intellectual assets and library have been transferred to the Natural History Division of the National Museum of Ireland. Please contact [email protected] for any enquiries relating to the MHTI. This cover page must be included as an integral part of any copies of this document. Please visit www.mhti.com for more information. THE SILVER-LEAD MINES OF GLENMALURE, COUNTY WICKLOW: A HISTORY AND AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF EXTANT REMAINS Sharron Schwartz and Martin Critchley Abstract: The aim of this paper is to bring to life the under-researched and largely unwritten history of the mining industry in this glen and to offer an interpretation of its extant mining remains. It incorporates the results of survey data conducted under the aegis of the Metal Links: Forging Communities Together Interreg 4A project and new documentary material drawn from a future publication (Schwartz and Critchley, forthcoming).
  • Wicklow Mountains SAC (Site Code 002122) Conservation Objectives Supporting Document - Blanket Bogs and Associated Habitats

    Wicklow Mountains SAC (Site Code 002122) Conservation Objectives Supporting Document - Blanket Bogs and Associated Habitats

    Wicklow Mountains SAC (site code 002122) Conservation objectives supporting document - blanket bogs and associated habitats NPWS Version 1 July 2017 Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Wicklow Mountains SAC..................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Mapping methodology ....................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Potential for habitat restoration ......................................................................................... 3 2 Conservation objectives ............................................................................................................. 3 3 Area ........................................................................................................................................... 4 4 Range ........................................................................................................................................ 5 5 Structure and functions ............................................................................................................. 5 5.1 Ecosystem function ............................................................................................................ 6 5.1.1 Ecosystem function: soil nutrients .............................................................................. 6 5.1.2 Ecosystem function: peat formation
  • Wicklow - County Geological Site Report

    Wicklow - County Geological Site Report

    WICKLOW - COUNTY GEOLOGICAL SITE REPORT NAME OF SITE Glendalough Valley Other names used for site Gleann Dá Loch (glen of the two lakes), Van Diemen’s Land (mining locality at head of valley) IGH THEME IGH7 Quaternary, IGH 14 Fluvial and Lacustrine Geomorphology, IGH15 Economic Geology TOWNLAND(S) Sevenchurches, Lugduff, Derrybawn, Brockagh NEAREST TOWN/VILLAGE Laragh SIX INCH MAP NUMBER 23 NATIONAL GRID REFERENCE 709154E 696318N (centre of valley) 1:50,000 O.S. SHEET NUMBER 56 GSI Bedrock 1:100,000 Sheet No. 16 Outline Site Description The Glendalough Valley is a deep glacial valley in the central Wicklow Mountains. The mine site within it sits at the head of the Upper Lake, where siltation has led to development of a wetland. ‘Van Diemen’s’ Land is an isolated mine site further up the valley, on high ground. Geological System/Age and Primary Rock Type The bedrock is Lugnaquillia Granodiorite, part of the Lugnaquillia Pluton which is one of the five plutons that comprise the late-Caledonian (405 Ma) Leinster Granite batholith. The granite is cut by slightly younger quartz veins containing lead and zinc mineralization. The contact between the granite and schists of the Lower Palaeozoic Maulin Formation runs through the site immediately east of the mine area. The valley itself and the glacial features within it date from the last Ice Age. Main Geological or Geomorphological Interest Glendalough is a marvellous example of a glaciated U-shaped valley, with oversteepened cliff sides and a flat floor. At the mouth of the glen where it meets Glendasan is a delta, which formed at the end of the last Ice Age in a lake that reached a higher level than either of the present lakes.
  • Race Booklet Date: 22Nd AUGUST 2020

    Race Booklet Date: 22Nd AUGUST 2020

    Race Booklet Date: 22nd AUGUST 2020 (last updated 11.08.2020) 1 Table of Contents Race Outline .................................................................................................................................. 3 Race Entry ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Race Day Itinerary ......................................................................................................................... 4 Race Location & Parking ............................................................................................................... 5 Race-Day Registration …………………............................................................................................... 6 Facilities at Start / Finish Line (Fenton’s Bar) ............................................................................... 7 Littering .........................................................................................................................................7 Withdrawal from the Race ........................................................................................................... 7 Important Contact Details ............................................................................................................ 8 Mandatory & Recommended Kit/Equipment .............................................................................. 8 Prize Giving...………………………………...............................................................................................
  • Kildare. There a Very Informative and Interesting the General Upkeep of the Estate

    Kildare. There a Very Informative and Interesting the General Upkeep of the Estate

    __ ------------------------------------------------------~z BUSINESS PRINTING THAT IS RIGHT UP EVERYONE'S STREET The road to success may not run straight. Issue No. 136 November 1988 Price 30p So it's reassuring to know that, whatever new chal- \enge is waiting around the comer, there's always one thing you can depend on. The Cardinal Press range of Business Printing services. At The Cardinal Press we recognise that you need services which exactly match the unique circumstances ofyour business. That's why we always offer professional assistance, service and advice. For example, we'll put together a package of printing services to suit your individual business needs. Helping you seize new opportunities as they arrive. And pointing out things you may not have considered, too. Because we don't have a fixed tariff, you'U also I I' t find our charges very competitive. Just ask for a quote. All-in-all, The Cardinal Press can help you Because, when it comes to Business Printing, Services, The Cardinal Press is simply streets aheJd. I • General Printing I Invoices, NCR Sets, Statements, Letterhead s, Business Cards, • Books Tickets, & Posters • Full Colour Brochures IN TH IS ISSUE • Newsletters Printing • Quality Wedding Stationery Letters to the Editor Street Talking • Continuous Stationery Contact Sports News Residents Association News • Colour Copying ~ Children's Corner History of Maynooth-Series • Office Stationery & Furniture THE CARDINAL PRESS LIMITED Calendar of Forthcoming Events Political Party Notes Color Printers, Stationers, Graphic Designers, & General Printers • Typesetting (Laser & IBM) Where in Maynooth Competition • Laser Printing Dunboyne Road, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland • Book Restoration & Thesis Binding Telephone (01) 286440/286695 MAVNOOTH NEWSLETTER EDITORIAL published by MAYNOOTH COMMUNITY COUNCIL HALLOWEEN FUN Hallow'een has come again, and we trust.
  • Wicklow Future Forest Woodland Green Infrastructure of Wicklow

    Wicklow Future Forest Woodland Green Infrastructure of Wicklow

    WICKLOW FUTURE FOREST WOODLAND GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OF WICKLOW SIQI TAN 2021 DRAFT MASTER LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURAL THESIS-2020/2021 UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN CONTENTS 1. WICKLOW OVERVIEW 4 2. RIVERS AND WOODLANDS 28 3. WOODLAND MANAGEMENT 56 4. WICKLOW LANDUSE 60 PROGRAMME MTARC001 - MASTER LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE MODULE LARC40450-LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURAL THESIS 2020-2021 FINAL REPORT 5. DEVELOPING NEW WOODLAND X TUTOR MS SOPHIA MEERES AUTHOR 6. CONCLUSIONS X SIQI TAN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE GRADUATE STUDENT STUDENT №: 17211085 TELEPHONE +353 830668339 7. REFERENCES 70 E-MAIL [email protected] 1. WICKLOW OVERVIEW Map 1.1 Wicklow and Municipal District Dublin Map 1.2 Wicklow Main towns and Townland Bray 6.5 km² POP.: 32,600 Kildare Bray 123.9 km² Greystones Greystones 64.9 km² 4.2 km² POP.: 18,140 Wicklow 433.4 km² Co. Wicklow Wicklow 2025 km² 31.6 km² Baltinglass Population: 142,425 POP.: 10,584 915.1 km² Arklow 486.7 km² Carlow Arklow 6.2 km² POP.: 13,163 County Wicklow is adjacent to County Dublin, Kildare, Carlow and Wexford. There are 1356 townlands in Wicklow. The total area of Wicklow is 2025 km², with the pop- Townlands are the smallest land divisions in Ire- Wexford ulation of 142,425 (2016 Census). land. Many Townlands are of very old origin and 4 they developed in various ways – from ancient 5 Nowadays, Wicklow is divided by five municipal clan lands, lands attached to Norman manors or districts. Plantation divisions. GIS data source: OSI GIS data source: OSI 1.1 WICKLOW LIFE Map 1.3 Wicklow Roads and Buildings Map 1.4 Housing and Rivers Bray Bray Greystones Greystones Wicklow Wicklow Arklow Arklow Roads of all levels are very dense in the towns, with fewer main roads in the suburbs and only a A great number of housings along rivers and lakes few national roads in the mountains.
  • Paraglider) Ballinacor, Co

    Paraglider) Ballinacor, Co

    Air Accident Investigation Unit Ireland FACTUAL REPORT ACCIDENT Ozone Delta 3 (Paraglider) Ballinacor, Co. Wicklow 11 May 2019 Ozone Delta 3 (Paraglider) Ballinacor, Co. Wicklow 11 May 2019 FINAL REPORT Foreword This safety investigation is exclusively of a technical nature and the Final Report reflects the determination of the AAIU regarding the circumstances of this occurrence and its probable causes. In accordance with the provisions of Annex 131 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Regulation (EU) No 996/20102 and Statutory Instrument No. 460 of 20093, safety investigations are in no case concerned with apportioning blame or liability. They are independent of, separate from and without prejudice to any judicial or administrative proceedings to apportion blame or liability. The sole objective of this safety investigation and Final Report is the prevention of accidents and incidents. Accordingly, it is inappropriate that AAIU Reports should be used to assign fault or blame or determine liability, since neither the safety investigation nor the reporting process has 1 been undertaken for that purpose. Extracts from this Report may be published providing that the source is acknowledged, the material is accurately reproduced and that it is not used in a derogatory or misleading context. 1 Annex 13: International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Annex 13, Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation. 2 Regulation (EU) No 996/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 October 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviation. 3 Statutory Instrument (SI) No. 460 of 2009: Air Navigation (Notification and Investigation of Accidents, Serious Incidents and Incidents) Regulations 2009.
  • EMRA RSES Executive Summary

    EMRA RSES Executive Summary

    Eastern & Midland Regional Assembly Regional Spatial & Economic Strategy (RSES) 2019-2031 Executive Summary Tionól Reigiúnach Oirthir agus Lár-Tíre Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy (RSES) 2019-2031 The Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy is a strategic plan and investment framework to shape the future development of our region to 2031 and beyond. Executive Summary 1 Contents Introduction and Regional Profile ....................... 2 Vision and Key Principles ..................................... 8 Spatial Strategy ..................................................... 12 Dublin Metropolitan Area Strategic Plan .......18 Economic Strategy ................................................. 22 Climate Strategy ....................................................24 Investment Framework ....................................... 26 2 Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy (RSES) 2019-2031 Introduction The Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly (EMRA), one of three Regional Assemblies in the Republic of Ireland, works with key stakeholders at EU, national, regional and local level to enable regional development. Our functions include policy making, monitoring and oversight and promoting enhanced co-ordination in our Region. A key function is the delivery of a Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy (RSES) for our Region, which covers twelve local authorities and is organised into 3 Strategic Planning Areas (SPAs), which have an administrative sub-regional planning remit. Eastern Midland Region Region
  • Listing and Index of Evening Herald Articles 1938 ~ 1975 by J

    Listing and Index of Evening Herald Articles 1938 ~ 1975 by J

    Listing and Index of Evening Herald Articles 1938 ~ 1975 by J. B. Malone on Walks ~ Cycles ~ Drives compiled by Frank Tracy SOUTH DUBLIN LIBRARIES - OCTOBER 2014 SOUTH DUBLIN LIBRARIES - OCTOBER 2014 Listing and Index of Evening Herald Articles 1938 ~ 1975 by J. B. Malone on Walks ~ Cycles ~ Drives compiled by Frank Tracy SOUTH DUBLIN LIBRARIES - OCTOBER 2014 Copyright 2014 Local Studies Section South Dublin Libraries ISBN 978-0-9575115-5-2 Design and Layout by Sinéad Rafferty Printed in Ireland by GRAPHPRINT LTD Unit A9 Calmount Business Park Dublin 12 Published October 2014 by: Local Studies Section South Dublin Libraries Headquarters Local Studies Section South Dublin Libraries Headquarters County Library Unit 1 County Hall Square Industrial Complex Town Centre Town Centre Tallaght Tallaght Dublin 24 Dublin 24 Phone 353 (0)1 462 0073 Phone 353 (0)1 459 7834 Email: [email protected] Fax 353 (0)1 459 7872 www.southdublin.ie www.southdublinlibraries.ie Contents Page Foreword from Mayor Fintan Warfield ..............................................................................5 Introduction .......................................................................................................................7 Listing of Evening Herald Articles 1938 – 1975 .......................................................9-133 Index - Mountains ..................................................................................................134-137 Index - Some Popular Locations ..................................................................................
  • The Hillwalker ● July – September 2017 1 H E R

    The Hillwalker ● July – September 2017 1 H E R

    Hillwalkers Club July - Sept 2017 http://www.hillwalkersclub.com/ C é i l í M ó r 2 8 F e b Liz, Matthewr and Celia on War Hill – Photo Brian Madden In uthis edition Hike programme Julya – September 2017 2 The pick-up points r 3 Club news and events 9 Membership survey resultsy 11 Photos from some Frecent hikes 16 Club Barbeque u 18 THE HILLWALKER October trip to Mournesr 19 t The Hillwalker ● July – September 2017 1 h e r Committee 2016/17 Chairman Russell Mills Treasurer Ita O’Hanlon Secretary Martin Keane Sunday Hikes Coordinator Simon More Environmental Officer Frank Carrick Membership Secretary Jim Barry Club Promoter James Cooke Weekend Away Coordinator Vacant Club Social Coordinator Vacant Assistant Social Coordinator Gavin Gilvarry Training Officer Russell Mills Newsletter Editor Mel O’Hara Special thanks to: Webmaster Matt Geraghty HIKE PROGRAMME March 2017 – April 2017 MEET: Corner of Burgh Quay and Hawkins St DEPART: Sundays at 10.00 am (unless stated otherwise), or earlier if it is full. TRANSPORT: Private bus (unless stated otherwise) COST: €15.00 (unless stated otherwise) 2nd pick-up point: On the outward journey, the bus will stop briefly to collect walkers at the pick-up point. Should the bus be full on departure from Burgh Quay, this facility cannot be offered. Return drop-off point: On the return journey, where indicated, the bus will stop near the outward pick-up point to drop off any hikers. We regret this is not possible on all hikes. If you wish to avail of the 2nd pick-up point, it advisable to contact the hike leader or someone else who will definitely be on the hike, to let them know.
  • Conservation of Wild Birds (Wicklow Mountains Special Protection Area 004040)) Regulations 2012

    Conservation of Wild Birds (Wicklow Mountains Special Protection Area 004040)) Regulations 2012

    STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS. S.I. No. 586 of 2012. ———————— EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (CONSERVATION OF WILD BIRDS (WICKLOW MOUNTAINS SPECIAL PROTECTION AREA 004040)) REGULATIONS 2012. 2 [586] S.I. No. 586 of 2012. EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (CONSERVATION OF WILD BIRDS (WICKLOW MOUNTAINS SPECIAL PROTECTION AREA 004040)) REGULATIONS 2012. I, JIMMY DEENIHAN, Minister for Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, in exercise of the powers conferred on me by section 3 of the European Communi- ties Act 1972 (No. 27 of 1972) and for the purpose of giving further effect to Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 and Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 (as amended by Council Directive 97/62/EC of 27 October 1997, Regulation (EC) No. 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 September 2003, Council Directive 2006/105/EC of 20 November 2006 and as amended by Act of Accession of Austria, Sweden and Finland (adapted by Council Decision 95/1/EC, Euratom, ECSC), Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded and as amended by the Corrigendum to that Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992)), hereby make the following Regulations: 1. (1) These Regulations may be cited as the European Communities (Conservation of Wild Birds (Wicklow Mountains Special Protection Area 004040)) Regulations 2012.
  • Draft Bray Environs Local Area Plan 2009-2015 Strategic Environmental Assessment

    Draft Bray Environs Local Area Plan 2009-2015 Strategic Environmental Assessment

    ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT OF THE DRAFT BRAY ENVIRONS LOCAL AREA PLAN 2009-2015 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT For: Wicklow County Council Station Road Wicklow Town County Wicklow By: CAAS (Environmental Services) 4th Floor, 7 Red Cow Lane Smithfield Dublin 7 NOVEMBER 2008 Includes Ordnance Survey Ireland data reproduced under OSi Licence Number 2008/10 CCMA/ Wicklow County Council. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Ordnance Survey Ireland and Government of Ireland copyright. © Ordnance Survey Ireland Environmental Report of the Draft Bray Environs Local Area Plan 2009-2015 Strategic Environmental Assessment Table of Contents List of Figures ..............................................................................................................iii List of Tables ...............................................................................................................iv List of Abbreviations.....................................................................................................v Glossary .......................................................................................................................vi Section 1 SEA Introduction and Background..........................................................1 1.1 Introduction and Terms of Reference .................................................................................1 1.2 SEA Definition ..................................................................................................................1 1.3 Legislative Context............................................................................................................1