DOCSLIB.ORG

Building a Distributed Supercomputer Using Cell Processors

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Building a Distributed Supercomputer Using Cell Processors PS3GRID.NET: Building a distributed supercomputer using Cell processors Gianni De Fabritiis, Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory (GRIB), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB) [email protected] Molecular simulations (MS) methods will mature in the next few years to be able to simulate temporal scales of biological interests, changing drastically its importance in biological discovery. Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 2 Why not now? . MD: Newton Equation . Characteristic scales . Timescale: 10E-15 s . Lengthscale: 10E-10 m . Application scales (biology) . Micro-milli seconds . 10-100 nm . Current resolution: . Nanoseconds . 10 nm Helical dimer (PDB: 1JNO) Lipids not shown Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 3 Where are we going? Source: NVIDIA Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 4 Accelerator processors: A new challenging era for computational science We are at a crucial critical point in . Data-memory the evolution of microprocessors: Single core => multi-core . Every CPU maker (IBM, INTEL, AMD, NVIDIA) is working on Memory heavily multi-core chips handling bottleneck hundreds of threads. A different memory architecture is needed => IBM Cell processor, GPUs Computation-cpus Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 5 Cell Processor . 9 cores (1 PPE + 8 SPEs) . Only 80$ per chip . 230 Gflops in single precision . 8 SPE cores are specialized for number crunching with local memory access. Altivec-like, memory alignment, async DMA, mailboxes, signals, memory mapped (16 SPEs in shared mem) Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 6 Sony-Toshiba-IBM Cell Processor . Available: IBM blades (roadrunner, 16,000 Cell) and PlayStation3 . Software barriers: . Codes do not automatically run faster . Vector programming techniques are required . Memory alignment issues . Different memory model Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 7 Cell MD for molecular simulations . Simple recompilation slower than a standard processor . 8 SPEs performance is 19 times faster (30 Gflops sustained) . it is possible to issue in a real code like this one 1.4 instructions per clock (theoretical maximum of 2). G. De Fabritiis, Performance of the Cell processor for biomolecular simulations, Comp. Phys. Commun. 176, 670 (2007). Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 8 Performances on PS3s Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 9 Speed-up . Speed-up compared to an Opteron 2Ghz is currently 19 times scalable even at smaller problem sizes. This system would run on at least 6 Cell processors for 120 CPU equivalent. Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 10 Steered molecular dynamics protocol for potential of mean force calculations Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 11 Free energy along a reaction coordinate (PMF) . Def: reaction coordinate (e.g. z) . Density (equilibrium quantity) . Free energy difference along a reaction coordinate (potential of mean force) Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 12 Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics . K+ (or water) needs to displace the water file in the channel . We pull the ion using an harmonic restrain potential . Pulling speed v of the order of A/ns . Z=z0+vt 2 . V(z,t)=k/2(z- z0-vt) Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 13 Ion permeation . We are running simulations of K+ ions crossing the channel using the Crooks formula to recover the equilibrium free energy from non equilibrium MD. Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 14 Typical tasks to run this protocol before ps3grid.net . [get cpu hours] (annoying) . Prepare inputs (expensive) . Upload inputs . Submit 40-50 runs each on 32 cores . On MN waiting time is very low . Monitor runs . Download results . Consumed 30,000 CPU hours Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 15 PS3GRID: Building a distributed supercomputer using the PlayStation3 Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 16 Berkley open infrastructure for distributed computing (BOINC) . SETI@HOME Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 17 PS3GRID goal . We are creating a machinery for medium-throughput free energy calculations including molecule translocation, binding affinities calculations on relatively large number of molecular targets. The machinery comprises: . High performance molecular simulation codes, CellMD (19x) [end 2006] . Computational protocols . Hardware, Cell processors . Work Distribution server . Analysis tools . Web-based submission and control tools Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 18 www.ps3grid.net Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 19 Delivery: PS3GRID LIVE PENDRIVE Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 20 PS3GRID: Server side Scientists submit input files, analyze results . BOINC based . Many years of development BOINC . Very stable and reliable server and . Large user base database . Cell MD modified for PS3GRID . New submission models implemented to adapt to MD PS3 PS3 PS3 PS3 simulations (workflows, etc) 1) request jobs 2) Compute 3) Return results Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 21 PS3GRID: Execution models Workflow Task farming task farming . Each line is an execution unit in a user machine . Standard execution model is task farming . Advanced execution model in PS3GRID is a workflow of runs for longer simulations. Other execution modes are possible like graphs. Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 22 Ps3grid => a grid of clusters . Ps3grid innovated the way a BOINC project runs. Before it was used for high throughput highly grained jobs [thousands of light task in parallel]. Full-atom molecular simulations (MS) required at least some interconnect between nodes due to the need to run on at least (32- 128 a typical job). Accelerated hardware like Cell and GPUs allowed us to move on a single machine, the BOINC approach becomes viable for MS also. Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 23 A numerical experiment . Previous pulling experiments consists of 20-40 runs each on 32 cores. Now (ps3grid.net), we run 200-400 runs for each experiment . Prepare inputs . Submit them . Copy out of server for analysis . Shift change in mentality: Computation became a commodity good Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 24 Some numbers Jan 08 . So far in the last 6 months, 5000 trajectories, . Over 4 microseconds of molecular simulations, . Over 200 years of CPU time. Each trajectory takes 24 hours in Cell, approx 16 days on a single PC core . Daily output over 100 trajectories . We receive over 5 GB of data per day . BOINC is very reliable, server caused downtime is very low (few days/year). Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 25 Avoiding the human bottle-neck: PS3GRID science portal Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 26 Conclusion . The Cell processor is a valuable alternative to standard processors. It is likely that this and GPUs technologies will become dominant in computational science very soon. FR-SMD is effective in recovering the PMF for Gramicidin A . Simple protocol . Little human intervention . Possible semi-automatization to release to third-party . PS3GRID forces on us a conceptual shift, computational resources becomes a commodity good Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 27 Acknowledgments . G. Giupponi (UPF, Barcelona) . M. Harvey (Imperial College, London) . J. Villà-Freixa (IMIM, Barcelona) . Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain . Ramon y Cajal program [email protected] Gianni De Fabritiis, Uniiversity Pompeu Fabra 28.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Quietrock Case Study | Sony Computer Entertainment America
    Studios & Entertainment Quiet® Success Story Project: ® Sony Computer Entertainment ‘Sh-h-h-h!’ PlayStation 4 game- America, LLC making in progress! Location: San Mateo, California New sound studios spearhead renovations for Sony Computer General Contractor: Entertainment America, with an acoustical assist from Magnum Drywall Magnum Drywall and PABCO® Gypsum’s QuietRock® Products: QuietRock® FLAME CURB® San Mateo, California The Sound of Silence means a lot to engineers producing video games for Sony PlayStation®4 (PS4™) enthusiasts. At Sony Computer Entertainment America LLC headquarters in San Mateo, California, producers’ tolerance for intrusive noise from beyond studio walls is zero. Only the intense action on-screen matters while creating audio effects that dramatize, punctuate and heighten the deeply immersive experience for video gamers. In these studios Sony Entertainment sound engineers make the most of that capability while keeping the PlayStation® pipeline full for weekly launches of new games. The gaming experience draws players to PS4™ and its predecessor PlayStation® consoles, and PS4™ elevates 3D excitement ever higher. It’s the world’s most powerful games console, with a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) able to perform 1,843 teraflops*. “When sound is important, we prefer to submit QuietRock as a good solution for the architect and the owner. There’s nothing else on the market that’s comparable. I even used it in my own home movie theatre.”” – Gary Robinson, Owner Magnum Drywall what the job demands Visit www.QuietRock.com or call Call 1.800.797.8159 for more information On top of its introductory lineup in November 2013, over 180 PS4™ games are in development, including “Be the Batman”, the epic conclusion of the “Batman: Arkham Knight” trilogy, that is due out in June 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Notable Handheld Game Consoles (Source
    List of notable handheld game consoles (source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handheld_game_console#List_of_notable_handheld_game_consoles) * Milton Bradley Microvision (1979) * Epoch Game Pocket Computer - (1984) - Japanese only; not a success * Nintendo Game Boy (1989) - First internationally successful handheld game console * Atari Lynx (1989) - First backlit/color screen, first hardware capable of accelerated 3d drawing * NEC TurboExpress (1990, Japan; 1991, North America) - Played huCard (TurboGrafx-16/PC Engine) games, first console/handheld intercompatibility * Sega Game Gear (1991) - Architecturally similar to Sega Master System, notable accessory firsts include a TV tuner * Watara Supervision (1992) - first handheld with TV-OUT support; although the Super Game Boy was only a compatibility layer for the preceding game boy. * Sega Mega Jet (1992) - no screen, made for Japan Air Lines (first handheld without a screen) * Mega Duck/Cougar Boy (1993) - 4 level grayscale 2,7" LCD - Stereo sound - rare, sold in Europe and Brazil * Nintendo Virtual Boy (1994) - Monochromatic (red only) 3D goggle set, only semi-portable; first 3D portable * Sega Nomad (1995) - Played normal Sega Genesis cartridges, albeit at lower resolution * Neo Geo Pocket (1996) - Unrelated to Neo Geo consoles or arcade systems save for name * Game Boy Pocket (1996) - Slimmer redesign of Game Boy * Game Boy Pocket Light (1997) - Japanese only backlit version of the Game Boy Pocket * Tiger game.com (1997) - First touch screen, first Internet support (with use of sold-separately
    [Show full text]
  • 14789093.Pdf
    iNIS-mf—8658 THE INFLUENCE OF COLLISIONS WITH NOBLE GASES ON SPECTRAL LINES OF HYDROGEN ISOTOPES PROEFSCHRIFT TER VERKRIJGING VAN DE GRAAD VAN DOCTOR IN DE WISKUNDE EN NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN AAN DE RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT TE LEIDEN, OP GEZAG VAN DE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS DR. A.A.H. KASSENAAR, HOOGLERAAR IN DE FACULTEIT DER GENEESKUNDE, VOLGENS BESLUIT VAN HET COLLEGE VAN DEKANEN TE VERDEDIGEN OP WOENSDAG 10 NOVEMBER 1982 TE KLOKKE 14.15 UUR DOOR PETER WILLEM HERMANS GEBOREN TE ROTTERDAM IN 1952 1982 DRUKKERIJ J.H. PASMANS B.V., 's-GRAVENHAGE Promotor: Prof. dr. J.J.M. Beenakker Het onderzoek is uitgevoerd mede onder verantwoordelijkheid van wijlen prof. dr. H.F.P. Knaap Aan mijn oudeva Het 1n dit proefschrift beschreven onderzoek werd uitgevoerd als onderdeel van het programma van de werkgemeenschap voor Molecuul fysica van de Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) en is mogelijk gemaakt door financiële steun van de Nederlandse Organisatie voor Zuiver- WetenschappeHjk Onderzoek (ZWO). CONTENTS PREFACE 9 CHAPTER I THEORY OF THE COLLISIONAL BROADENING AND SHIFT OF SPECTRAL LINES OF HYDROGEN INFINITELY DILUTED IN NOBLE GASES 11 1. Introduction 11 2. General theory 12 a. Rotational Raman 15 b. Depolarized Rayleigh 16 3. Experimental preview 16 a. Rotational Raman lines; broadening and shift 17 b. Depolarized Rayleigh line 17 CHAPTER II EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF LINE BROADENING AND SHIFT CROSS SECTIONS OF HYDROGEN-NOBLE GAS MIXTURES 21 1. Introduction 21 2. Experimental setup 22 2.1 Laser 22 2.2 Scattering cell 24 2.3 Analyzing system 27 2.4 Detection system 28 3. Measuring technique 28 3.1 Width measurement 28 3.2 Shift measurement 32 3.3 Gases 32 4.
    [Show full text]
  • POWER® Processor-Based Systems
    IBM® Power® Systems RAS Introduction to IBM® Power® Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability for POWER9® processor-based systems using IBM PowerVM™ With Updates covering the latest 4+ Socket Power10 processor-based systems IBM Systems Group Daniel Henderson, Irving Baysah Trademarks, Copyrights, Notices and Acknowledgements Trademarks IBM, the IBM logo, and ibm.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. These and other IBM trademarked terms are marked on their first occurrence in this information with the appropriate symbol (® or ™), indicating US registered or common law trademarks owned by IBM at the time this information was published. Such trademarks may also be registered or common law trademarks in other countries. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the Web at http://www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml The following terms are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both: Active AIX® POWER® POWER Power Power Systems Memory™ Hypervisor™ Systems™ Software™ Power® POWER POWER7 POWER8™ POWER® PowerLinux™ 7® +™ POWER® PowerHA® POWER6 ® PowerVM System System PowerVC™ POWER Power Architecture™ ® x® z® Hypervisor™ Additional Trademarks may be identified in the body of this document. Other company, product, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of others. Notices The last page of this document contains copyright information, important notices, and other information. Acknowledgements While this whitepaper has two principal authors/editors it is the culmination of the work of a number of different subject matter experts within IBM who contributed ideas, detailed technical information, and the occasional photograph and section of description.
    [Show full text]
  • Zoned Storage for HDD and SSD Technologies
    Zoned Storage Now Encompasses Both HDD & SSD Technologies WHITE PAPER 3 Western Digital | WHITE PAPER WHITE PAPER Zoned Storage Now Encompasses Both HDD & SSD Technologies Both HDDs and SSDs have their own on-device controllers that are used to provide low-level manipulation of the drives. The division of compute tasks performed by the host-side CPUs and the drive-side controllers has evolved over time, with the boundaries moving back and forth between them. Computational architectures have evolved, especially in data centers where — as systems started to scale — local optimizations performed by the devices began to impact global optimizations. The concept of Zoned Storage is a relatively recent development that refers to a class of storage devices — both HDDs and SSDs — that enable the host system and the storage devices to cooperate so as to achieve higher storage capacities. As its name suggests, Zoned Storage involves organizing or partitioning the drives into zones. In the case of HDDs, Zoned Storage is implemented using a technology known as shingled magnetic recording (SMR). In the case of SSDs, Zoned Storage is implemented using a technology known as Zoned Namespaces (ZNS). Data Taken As-Is Serialize Data Zoned Storage Zoned Storage 2 HDDs An HDD contains one or more rigid rapidly rotating platters coated with a magnetic material. Electromagnetic read/write heads are positioned above and below each platter. Data is stored on the platter as a series of thin concentric rings called tracks. In turn, the tracks are sub-divided into sectors. The HDD also contains a hard disk controller (HDC), which may be thought of as a small processor that is used to provide low-level control of the drive.
    [Show full text]
  • Storage Solutions for Embedded Applications
    White Paper Storage Solutions Brian Skerry Sr. Software Architect Intel Corporation for Embedded Applications December 2008 1 321054 Storage Solutions for Embedded Applications Executive Summary Any embedded system needs reliable access to storage. This may be provided by a hard disk drive or access to a remote storage device. Alternatively there are many flash solutions available on the market today. When considering flash, there are a number of important criteria to consider with capacity, cost, and reliability being foremost. This paper considers hardware, software, and other considerations in choosing a storage solution. Wear leveling is an important factor affecting the expected lifetime of any flash solution, and it can be implemented in a number of ways. Depending on the choices made, software changes may be necessary. Solid state drives offer the most straight forward replacement option for Hard disk drives, but may not be cost-effective for some applications. The Intel® X-25M Mainstream SATA Solid State Drive is one solution suitable for a high performance environment. For smaller storage requirements, CompactFlash* and USB flash are very attractive. Downward pressure continues to be applied to flash solutions, and there are a number of new technologies on the horizon. As a result of reading this paper, the reader will be able to take into consideration all the relevant factors in choosing a storage solution for an embedded system. Intel® architecture can benefit the embedded system designer as they can be assured of widespread
    [Show full text]
  • Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. Introduces Playstation®4 (Ps4™)
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE SONY COMPUTER ENTERTAINMENT INC. INTRODUCES PLAYSTATION®4 (PS4™) PS4’s Powerful System Architecture, Social Integration and Intelligent Personalization, Combined with PlayStation Network with Cloud Technology, Delivers Breakthrough Gaming Experiences and Completely New Ways to Play New York City, New York, February 20, 2013 –Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. (SCEI) today introduced PlayStation®4 (PS4™), its next generation computer entertainment system that redefines rich and immersive gameplay with powerful graphics and speed, intelligent personalization, deeply integrated social capabilities, and innovative second-screen features. Combined with PlayStation®Network with cloud technology, PS4 offers an expansive gaming ecosystem that is centered on gamers, enabling them to play when, where and how they want. PS4 will be available this holiday season. Gamer Focused, Developer Inspired PS4 was designed from the ground up to ensure that the very best games and the most immersive experiences reach PlayStation gamers. PS4 accomplishes this by enabling the greatest game developers in the world to unlock their creativity and push the boundaries of play through a system that is tuned specifically to their needs. PS4 also fluidly connects players to the larger world of experiences offered by PlayStation, across the console and mobile spaces, and PlayStation® Network (PSN). The PS4 system architecture is distinguished by its high performance and ease of development. PS4 is centered around a powerful custom chip that contains eight x86-64 cores and a state of the art graphics processor. The Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) has been enhanced in a number of ways, principally to allow for easier use of the GPU for general purpose computing (GPGPU) such as physics simulation.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Imaging an Exadata Storage Cell Using an Internal Or External Usb Drive
    RE-IMAGING AN EXADATA STORAGE CELL USING AN INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL USB DRIVE www.hexaware.com Table of Contents Oracle Exadata Storage Server Software Rescue Procedure – A Brief Introduction 3 A Fast Forward experience to backup/restore/recovery 3 testing of your Future Exadata Environment Cell Node Re-Imaging - Ideal Scenarios 3 Pragmatic Scenarios where cell node re-imaging is not required 3 Recovering a Cell Node using Internal USB 4 Recovering Cell Node using External USB 7 Summary 7 1 Oracle Exadata Storage Server Software Rescue Procedure - A Brief Introduction A Fast Forward experience to backup/restore/recovery testing of your Future Exadata Environment • Have you experienced a disk failure and are deeply concerned about your operating system? • Has your system volume got corrupted due to the loss of disks? • Does your operating system have a corrupt file system? You can resolve these issues yourself using the Exadata Cell rescue functionality provided by Oracle on Exadata Storage Server Software CELLBOOT USB flash drive. The whole procedure is quite straightforward, but enough due diligence must be done to make the recovery a delightful experience. Oracle performs automatic backups of the operating system and cell software on each Exadata Storage Server without any Oracle DMA or operational process intervention. The critical files from the storage cells are backed up into the internal USB drive called CELLBOOT USB Flash Drive. The internal USB (/dev/sdm) maintains the most recent configuration and the updated copy of the OS and storage cell software. The internal USB serves as the default first boot device. The Master Boot Record (MBR) and GRand Unified Boot loader (GRUB) are loaded from the USB.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2011
    Contents 02-19 Letter to Shareholders: A Message from Howard Stringer, CEO Dear Shareholders Operating Results in Fiscal Year 2010 Focus Areas for Growth Networked Products and Services 3D World Competitive Advantages through Differentiated Technologies Emerging Markets 06 10 Expanding 3D World Networked Products 3D World and Services 12 15 Competitive Advantages through Emerging Markets Differentiated Technologies 20 26 Special Feature: Special Feature: Sony’s “Exmor RTM” Sony in India 34 40 Financial Highlights Products, Services and Content 50 51 Board of Directors and Financial Section Corporate Executive Officers 64 65 Stock Information Investor Information ©2011 Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc., All Rights Reserved. For more information on Sony’s financial performance, corporate governance, CSR and Financial Services business, please refer to the following websites. 2011 Annual Report on Form 20-F http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/IR/library/sec.html Corporate Governance Structure http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/csr/governance/index.html CSR Report http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/Environment/index.html Financial Services Business http://www.sonyfh.co.jp/index_en.html (Sony Financial Holdings Inc.) Artist: Adele Photo credit: Mari Sarai 01 Letter to Shareholders: A Message from Howard Stringer, CEO 02 Dear Shareholders, A review of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 (fiscal year 2010) must first mention the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred near the end of the fiscal year. On March 11, at 2:46 p.m. local time, East Japan was struck by a 9.0-magnitude earthquake, immedi- ately followed by a giant tsunami, which had, in addition to the tragic loss of life and property, a profound psychological and financial impact on the people of Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • Boisvert-Storey-Sony Case Brief
    Storey C204 Summer 2014 Case Study BE MOVED SITUATION Sony Corporation is a 68-year old multinational based in Tokyo. In 2012, the tech giant employed 173,000 people, with corporate headquarters in Japan, Europe, and America. In May 2014, the company was down to 146,300, cutting 26,700 as part of CEO Kaz Hirai’s “One Sony” plan. Recently, the firm eVen sold former office buildings in Tokyo for $156 million (Inagaki). This followed a similar $1.2 billion sale in 2013. After seVeral years of losses, Sony’s situation appears critical. In the last fiscal year, the company lost $1.25 billion. EVen the gaming diVision, where the Playstation console family (PS2, PS3, PS4) is projected to sell 17 million units this year, lost $78 million (Quarterly Results). There are many causes: Sony’s jettisoning of its PC brand Vaio, the poor performance and planned spinoff of Sony’s teleVision diVision, PS4 launch and marketing costs, the struggling PSVita, R&D costs for Sony’s Project Morpheus, and the fluctuation of exchange rate markets. For the current year, Sony is projecting a $489 million loss. How sustainable is Sony’s current business model? Will the success of the PS4 lead to renewed profitability for the games diVision and the company as a whole? Perhaps opportunities in new markets can spark a turn-around. The company’s core businesses are electronic entertainment (Sony Computer Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment, and Sony Pictures Entertainment) and hardware (Sony Mobile Communications and Sony Electronics). Though it also dabbles in financial serVices, publishing, and medical imaging, electronics represents roughly two-thirds of the corporation’s reVenue (Sony Annual Report 2011, 2013).
    [Show full text]
  • Wireless Headset Bluetooth® Headset
    Wireless Headset Bluetooth® Headset User’s Guide CECHYA-0075 BEFORE USING THIS PRODUCT, CAREFULLY READ THE SUPPLIED DOCUMENTATION. WARNINGS • To reduce the risk of electric shock, explosion or fire, use only the FCC WARNING supplied charging cradle or the supplied USB cable to charge the Change or modifications not expressly approved by the party re- product. Do not use the charging cradle with other products or for sponsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate any other purpose. the equipment. • Charge the headset according to the supplied instructions. Declaration of conformity NOTICE Trade name: Sony Computer Entertainment America Model number: CECHYA-0075 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules and RSS-Gen of Responsible party: Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc. IC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This Address: 919 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Foster City, CA 94404 U.S.A. device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must Telephone number: 650-655-8000 accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. For customers in Canada This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment Caution Do not handle damaged or leaking Lithium-ion batteries. generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
    [Show full text]
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar Backprojection on Sony Playstation 3 Cell Broadband Engine and Intel Quad-Core Xeon
    Synthetic Aperture Radar Backprojection on Sony PlayStation 3 Cell Broadband Engine and Intel Quad-core Xeon Mark Backues a, Uttam Majumder b, Daniel York c, Michael Minardi b aSET Corporation, 1005 N. Glebe Rd. Arlington, VA 22201 bThe Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, 2241 Avionics Circle, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433 cSOCHE, Miami Valley Research Park, 3155 Research Blvd.,Suite 204 Dayton, OH 45420-4015 ABSTRACT A single-precision floating-point SAR back-projection algorithm has been implemented and optimized on a PlayStation 3 Cell Broadband Engine. The same algorithm was also ported to a server with two Intel Quad-Core Xeons. Speed performance was very similar on the two systems, with performance on the two 1.6GHz Quad-Core Xeons slightly faster than on the 3.2GHz Cell. Keywords: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Backprojection, Multicore Processor, Cell Broadband Engine 1. INTRODUCTION Cell Broadband Engine has generated interest as a possible cost effective real-time signal processing solution [1]. As part of a larger evaluation of its potential, AFRL (Air Force Research Laboratory) has funded an evaluation of its performance on a selected SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) imaging algorithm. Of interest are the processor’s computational performance, I/O ability, power consumption, cost, and ease of programming. Only computational performance and ease of programming will be discussed here. The primary goal has been to perform an independent and balanced comparison with a comparably optimized code on another current microprocessor. This has required a fairly high degree of optimization, in order for the comparison to be meaningful. However, the absolute performance of the implementation, and its comparability with other studied implementations, has been less of a focus than the quality of the comparison between processors.
    [Show full text]