Failed Drug War Confidential Documents Indicate Nearly All US Efforts at Ending Opium Farming in Afghanistan Backfired
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MILITARY NATION FACES Ramstein dining facility Government ramping up Actor behind C-3PO’s closing for up to 2 efforts to seize private gold plating reflects on years for upgrades land for border wall long ‘Star Wars’ legacy Page 4 Page 8 Page 14 49ers persevere through pain, knock Rams from playoff race » Back page stripes.com Volume 78, No. 178 ©SS 2019 MONDAY, DECEMBER 23, 2019 50¢/Free to Deployed Areas Failed drug war Confidential documents indicate nearly all US efforts at ending opium farming in Afghanistan backfired BY CRAIG WHITLOCK The Washington Post n late 2017, U.S. military commanders in Afghani- stan launched Operation Iron Tempest, a storm of JOSEPH DITZLER/Stars and Stripes airstrikes by B-52 bombers, F-22 Raptors and other warplanes. The main target: a network of clandes- A warning sign marks the edge tine opium production labs that U.S. officials said of a suspected minefield in the Iwas helping to generate $200 million per year in drug countryside north of Siem Reap, money for the Taliban. Cambodia, on Nov. 6. “This is a new war, and the gloves are off,” Air Force Brig. Gen. Lance Bunch said during a swaggering news conference in Kabul. “That is our new strategy going for- African rats ward, and it’s definitely been a game-changer and the Tal- iban is definitely feeling it. ... The war has changed.” Within a year, Operation Iron Tempest had fizzled out. helping clear SEE BACKFIRED ON PAGE 6 Two Afghan children assisting their elders working in a poppy field observe Cambodian patrolling Marines in 2014. minefields DUSTIN D. MARCH/U.S. Marine Corps BY JOSEPH DITZLER Stars and Stripes SIEM REAP, Cambodia — An hour’s drive north on Route 66, beyond the tourist gaggle at the temple complex around Angkor Wat, work goes on to clear away the vestiges of three decades of war. The key workers — African giant pouch rats — keep their noses on the job. This year in Cambodia, the rats and their human handlers have cleared hundreds of acres of land mines and unexploded munitions, mak- ing way for local farmers. In early November, the teams were finishing up 70 acres just off the highway and past a two-room, wooden Cambodian farmhouse on stilts, over a muddy pasture and through a grove of cashew trees. “From the time we started working, we’ve already cleared 13.25 hectares,” or 33 acres, said Mark Shukuru, senior technical SEE CLEAR ON PAGE 5 PAGE 2 F3HIJKLM •STARS AND STRIPES• Monday, December 23, 2019 BUSINESS/WEATHER EXCHANGE RATES Spending bill includes funding for wild horse program Military rates Switzerland (Franc) ...........................0.9825 Euro costs (Dec. 23) .........................$1.1387 Thailand (Baht) .................................... 30.18 Dollar buys (Dec. 23) ........................€0.8782 Turkey (Lira) ........................................5.9349 The Washington Post available 60 days after the bu- rounding up as many as 130,000 British pound (Dec. 23) ........................$1.34 (Military exchange rates are those Japanese yen (Dec. 23) ...................... 107.00 available to customers at military banking reau submits a five-year plan that, wild horses over a decade, was as- South Korean won (Dec. 23) ..........1,135.00 facilities in the country of issuance The Bureau of Land Manage- Commercial rates among other things, includes horse for Japan, South Korea, Germany, the sailed by several horse advocacy Bahrain (Dinar) ...................................0.3770 ment’s wild horse and burro pro- Netherlands and the United Kingdom. For fertility control and the movement British pound $ ....................................1.3015 groups that portrayed it as a gift to nonlocal currency exchange rates (i.e., gram got a significant funding Canada (Dollar) ..................................1.3158 of equines to private pastures. purchasing British pounds in Germany), the cattle industry, which grazes China (Yuan) .......................................7.0067 boost in the $1.4 trillion budget The increase amounts to an en- check with your local military banking livestock on public lands where Denmark (Krone) ............................... 6.7450 deal approved Thursday by Con- facility. Commercial rates are interbank dorsement of a controversial pro- Egypt (Pound) ...................................16.0489 horses and burros also feed. rates provided for reference when buying gress. But to access the money, Euro ....................................... $1.1075/0.9029 posal on the management of wild currency. All figures are foreign currencies Horse advocates call the round- Hong Kong (Dollar) ............................7.7963 the agency first needs to produce horses published earlier this year to one dollar, except for the British pound, ups cruel and blame millions of Hungary (Forint) ................................298.24 an “aggressive, nonlethal” strat- by an unusual alliance of animal Israel (Shekel) ....................................3.4752 which is represented in dollars-to-pound, egy to manage a swelling mustang welfare organizations and ranch- cattle for damaging the land while Japan (Yen) .......................................... 109.47 and the euro, which is dollars-to-euro.) grazing. Ranchers and some envi- Kuwait (Dinar) ....................................0.3037 INTEREST RATES population roaming public lands ing advocates. Typically at odds, Norway (Krone) ..................................8.9672 in the West. the groups said they decided to ronmentalists view the horses as Philippines (Peso) ................................ 50.75 Prime rate ................................................4.75 The spending bill increases the work together in hopes of break- feral pests that damage ecosys- Poland (Zloty) .........................................3.84 Discount rate ..........................................2.25 Saudi Arabia (Riyal) ..........................3.7516 Federal funds market rate ...................1.55 program’s budget by $21 million, ing a stalemate in Washington. tems and compete for resources Singapore (Dollar) .............................1.3552 3-month bill .............................................1.53 or about 25%. It would be made But their plan, which called for with livestock and wildlife. South Korea (Won) .........................1,159.90 30-year bond ...........................................2.34 WEATHER OUTLOOK MONDAY IN THE MIDDLE EAST MONDAY IN EUROPE TUESDAY IN THE PACIFIC Misawa 32/28 Kabul 55/26 Seoul 34/25 Baghdad 60/43 Kandahar 55/33 Osan Tokyo Mildenhall/ Drawsko 36/26 53/46 Lakenheath Pomorskie Busan 45/41 42/38 47/32 Iwakuni 53/48 Kuwait Bahrain Zagan Sasebo City 68/64 Brussels 43/39 Guam 64/50 47/43 Ramstein 53/47 83/79 Lajes, 45/41 Riyadh Doha Azores Stuttgart Pápa 65/38 69/59 64/60 44/40 44/40 Aviano/ Vicenza 45/36 Naples 58/53 Okinawa Morón 71/67 63/54 Sigonella Rota 58/51 The weather is provided by the Djibouti Souda Bay American Forces Network Weather Center, 84/73 63/55 63/59 2nd Weather Squadron at Offutt Air Force Base, Neb. T O D A Y IN STRIPES American Roundup ............ 11 Classified ......................... 12 Comics ............................. 15 Crossword ........................ 15 Faces ............................... 14 Opinion ............................ 16 Sports ......................... 17-24 Monday, December 23, 2019 •STARS AND STRIPES• F3HIJKLM PAGE 3 MILITARY Study: Army suicide rise not linked to combat BY WYATT OLSON Jeffrey Smith, a history professor largest service branch. rates among soldiers began rising which “seems to speak to larger Stars and Stripes at the University of Hawaii-Hilo Researchers found distinct pe- dramatically. It peaked at 29.7 per factors at play,” Smith said. and a co-author of the study. riods of lower and higher suicide 100,000 in 2012 and has not fallen The findings dovetail with Suicide rates among active- “From a historical standpoint, rates, a finding that suggests ac- below 20.2 for the past 11 years, several recent studies that found duty U.S. soldiers significantly rates did not increase during war- tive-duty suicide rates are not according to the study. increased during America’s deployment does not increase time, which is part of why we’re necessarily linked to wartime Smith said his current research lengthy wars in Vietnam, Af- the risk of suicide for active-duty starting to try to look at these combat. is examining suicide more broad- ghanistan and Iraq, reversing an personnel. The Defense Depart- increases from a multifactorial Beginning in 1843, suicide rates ly over time to “parse out” causes earlier historical trend in which ment’s annual report on suicide perspective,” he said Thursday. among soldiers began to increase, “indicative of a particular time rates dropped during wartime, a released in September described “There’s probably other factors with a peak of 118.3 suicides per and place” for society overall. study found. it as a “misconception” to link de- at play in these increases in rates 100,000 individuals in 1883. “We’re looking at causal fac- The study published Dec. 13 in ployment — including combat ex- beyond a singular fixation on From there, rates decreased tors that would be beyond the JAMA Network Open suggests perience, length of deployment, the uptick in active-duty Army combat exposure as the primary through the Spanish-American battlefield,” he said. “We’re look- driver of what’s going on.” War in 1898, World War I in 1914- ing at socio-economic factors, and number of deployments — suicide rates over the past two with greater risk of suicide. decades