DOCSLIB.ORG

Sustainable Tools and Methods for Estimating Building Materials and Components Service Life

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sustainable Tools and Methods for Estimating Building Materials and Components Service Life 10DBMC International Conference On Durability of Building Materials and Components LYON [France] 17-20 April 2005 Sustainable tools and methods for estimating building materials and components service life. J. Hans, JL. Chevalier CSTB, 24 Joseph Fourier Street, F-38400 Saint Martin d'Hères, France [email protected] TT4-90 ABSTRACT The need of building materials and components service life assessment is strongly increasing in the actual building construction sector. This phenomenon is due to new techniques developments and new environmental requirement and sustainable development principles. The behaviour of material performance within time in several environments has been largely studied, and good models contribute to a reliable evaluation of service life of materials when environmental and external solicitations are well defined. On the other hand, evaluation of components service life is not so well known. It can be explained by the complexity of the components and the lack of knowledge on the failure scenarios of these components. Furthermore, the feedback management is not efficient, and the knowledge is not enough collected and accessible. Our main interest is the development of tools and methods for service life assessment which remain perfectly suitable to the possible evolution of research and standardisation on the numerical characterisation of the different factors impacting the components service life. Our research and development activity is focused on three complementary tools to answer this task: (Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis method; Product service life data base (including material service life data base) and associated tools compatible with ISO 15686; Data fusion). The purpose of this paper is the presentation of the efficiency and the complementarities of these tools and methods. Indeed, by the use of these tools, we are performing a multi scale analysis of building product and component (at the scale of the product itself (data base, data fusion and F.M.E.A.), at the scale of the component (data base, data fusion and F.M.E.A.) and of the material (data base, data fusion). Further more, data base and data fusion are much more efficient at the material scale, especially if the material is subjected to one identified load. The F.M.E.A. allows us to evaluate the service life of the product from the service life values of the different materials loaded by one unique identified solicitation. We can thus use this result of service life at the scale of the product to feed the product service life data base. This study highlight the need of performing F.M.E.A. analysis to obtain reference service life without performing long, complicated and onerous tests at the scale of the product, and to collect these data into a data base which take into account all the information accompanying the service life value. A project of F.M.E.A. software is on his way in order to facilitate the analysis. KEYWORDS Service life assessment, F.M.E.A., ISO 15686, data fusion 10DBMC International Conférence on Durability of Building Materials and Components LYON [France] 17-20 April 2005 1 INTRODUCTION The aim of this article is to propose a methodology to estimate the service life of products and components by the use of several specific tools developed by the CSTB and suitable with ISO 15686 standards application. Indeed, the development of the ISO 15686 standard is generating new approach for estimating the service life of product and component. We will first shortly introduce this method. This approach is highlighting the lack of building products and components service life data. The second paragraph will describe the interest of using F.M.E.A. to collect reference service life data (RSL). Finally, we will present the tools developed in CSTB, and a general methodology which is using these tools to estimate service life data of building products in a specific case study. This methodology intends to be an operational tool for construction stakeholders, (Designers, managers, manufacturers…) compatible with recommendation of ISO 15686. Furthermore, according to the fact that knowledge in term of characterisation and quantification of factors impacting the service life is limited, this methodology try to propose a sustainable solution, which take into account the evolution of knowledge in this domain. 2 "FACTOR METHOD": ISO 15 686 2.1 Presentation of the method The factor method is a simple system to estimate service life when there is limited knowledge of long- term performance of components. (ISO 15686-1, ISO 15686-2 and ISO DIS 15686-8) This method is using the following equation to estimate service life of building product and component: ESLC = RSLC × FactorA× FactorB × FactorC × FactorD × FactorE × FactorF × FactorG (1) Where: RSLC is the reference service life of component ESLC is the estimated service life of component The estimated service life of a component (ESLC) is a function of the reference service life (RSLC) and a number of factors: A: Material/Component factor B: Design factor C: Workmanship factor D: Internal environment factor E: External environment factor F: In-use factor G: Maintenance factor This formula acts as a reminder of what should be taken into account when estimating service life. TT4-90, Sustainable tools and methods for estimating building materials and components service life., J.Hans, JL Chevalier 10DBMC International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components LYON [France] 17-20 April 2005 2.2 Reference Service life Our capability to Collect RSL is the key issue for the performance of the factor method. A step further in the factor method is the calibration of the influence of the factors on the ESL. At this stage the factor are supposed to be representative of the difference between the reference in use condition set and the condition of the case study. According to the fact that we can use several RSL for the same product, it is not possible to propose a unique quantified scale for each factor according to associated conditions. This highlight one of the interest of the notion of intrinsic reference service life (IRSL) describe in paragraph 4.2. 3 INTEREST OF MULTISCALE ANALYSIS TO COLLECT RSL The behaviour of material performance within time under one identified sollicitation has been largely studied, and good models contribute to a reliable evaluation of service life of materials when environmental and external solicitations are well defined. This evaluation became more complex with the coupling of the external and environmental solicitations. Therefore there is still a strong need of experimentation in order to improve the models for complex and coupled cases study. If the elaboration of models seems to be possible at the scale of materials, it is not as simple at the product scale. The evaluation of products and components service life is a difficult task, due to the complexity of the components and the lack of knowledge on the failure scenarios of these components. Concerning experimentation: Taking into account that products have several functions, constitutive materials, and are submitted to complex environment, we do believe that realisation of accelerated ageing difficult is tricky. The size of the sample is also an obstacle for laboratory testing. The number of constitutive materials of the product create problem to accelerate ageing without changing any ageing mechanism Concerning modelling: Numerical modelling of product ageing assumes to be able at least to perform thermo- hydro-mechanical modelling of heterogeneous components. It also imply to model interaction between materials. Furthermore, the feedback management is not efficient, and the knowledge is not enough collected and accessible. According to this context, we have developed a tool which allows us to get service life information at the scale of the building product by using the one at the scale of the material. This tool is based on F.M.E.A. (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) (Talon [2004], Lair [2002]). Using first structural and functional analysis and then a Failure mode and effect analysis, this analysis provides us all the potential failure scenarios of the product in use in its environment. Failure event graph is then drawn for a better exploitation of the result. (Figure 1). By the use of this graph we can define for each scenario, several stage of degradation implying a material under a single solicitation. TT4-90, Sustainable tools and methods for estimating building materials and components service life., J.Hans, JL Chevalier 10DBMC International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components LYON [France] 17-20 April 2005 Initial Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Failure of Failure of State componant product - Deviation of temperature - Thermal shock - Shocks - Pressure - Wind Cracking Breaking Failure Glazing of absorber of absorber of absorber Liquids Pollutants Failure Vertebrates Corrosion Holing Failure of the Hail of coating of coating of coating product Coating (Absorber) Breaking of coating Figure 1: Failure event graph used to present result of F.M.E.A. Illustration with two components (Glazing and Coating) of a solar panel. The determination of the kinetic of each of these degradations allows us to calculate the service life of each scenario. (Figure 2 and equation 2). ni SL[][Scénario(i) = ∑ SLmat (mat( j), perf ( j)) ] (2) j=1 Where: • i is the number of the studied scenario • ni: successively degraded materials in scenario number i (stages of the scenario) Considering the service life of each scenario, it is possible to obtain a service life of the product. Indeed, the characterisation of the criticality of each scenario allows us to select representative scenarios from the initial exhaustive list. Then, the determination of duration of these scenarios gather a service life data for the performance associated to the scenario (equation3): SL[ product, perf ( j)] = min(SL[Scenarioselected (i( perf ( j)))]) (3) If we consider the need for characterisation of durability and\or service life of the product.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 464239 1 En Bookfrontmatter-Print 1..18
    Developing a Framework of a Multi-objective and Multi-criteria Based 53 Approach for Integration of LCA-LCC and Dynamic Analysis in Industrialized Multi-storey Timber Construction Hamid Movaffaghi and Ibrahim Yitmen Abstract To improve organizational decision-making process in construction industry, a framework of a multi-objective and multi-criteria based approach has been developed to integrate results from Life-Cycle Analysis (LCA), Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCC) and dynamic analysis for multi-storey industrialized timber structure. Two Building Information Modelling (BIM)-based 3D structural models based on different horizontal stabilization and floor systems will be analyzed to reduce both climate impact, material and production costs and enhance structural dynamic response of the floor system. Moreover, sensitivity of the optimal design will also be analyzed to validate the design. The multi-objective and multi-criteria based LCA-LCC framework analyzing the environmental, economic, and dynamic performances will support decision making for different design in the early phases of a project, where various alternatives can be created and evaluated. The proposed integrated model may become a promising tool for the building designers and decision makers in industrialized timber construction. Keywords LCA Á LCC Á Dynamic response Á Multi-criteria Á Multi-objective Á BIM Á Decision making Á Industrialized timber construction 53.1 Introduction In recent years, the usage of prefabricated structural components of solid wood and engineered wood products (EWPs) has increased due to the recent developments towards an industrialized construction and manufacture within the timber building sector in Sweden [19]. Multi-storey timber frame housing was identified as a field for industrialized process development in Sweden [24].
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainability in Industrialised Wood Construction – a Theoretical Framework
    Sustainability in Industrialised Wood Construction – A Theoretical Framework John Meiling, Division of Structural Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden, [email protected], +46 920 491818 Helena Johnsson, Div. of Structural Engineering, Luleå University of Technology Abstract Timber Volume Element prefabrication (TVE) is an industrialised production system, where wall and floor elements are assembled in factories to volumes before being delivered to the construction site. TVE manufactures buildings to a low production cost without any consider- ation of methods regarding life-cycle concern. An interview study, with potential clients of TVE, shows that there is an uncertainty about fulfilment of functional requirements, resulting in a perception of inferior sustainability of the finished building. During design, decisions are taken concerning choice of material, components and installations that affect the durability as well as operating and maintenance costs during the service life of a building. Procurement Design Construction- Operation and maintenance - Phase out Time Design decisions Consequences Feedback The Construction Products Directive (CPD) of the European Union emphasizes the import- ance of service life planning, suggesting that products permanently installed in a building should be service life declared. The implementation of CPD called for the development of the ISO standard 15686, Buildings and constructed assets – service life planning. Two questions are discussed in this paper; 1) if ISO 15686 can serve as a tool for strategic planning of an economically reasonable service life for wood-based components and 2) if the identification of critical cost and durability decision-making points can be used in the decision-making process when designing wood-based building products.
    [Show full text]
  • Standards Action Layout SAV3539.Fp5
    PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE 25 West 43rd Street, NY, NY 10036 VOL. 35, #39 September 24, 2004 Contents American National Standards Call for Comment on Standards Proposals ................................................ 2 Call for Comment Contact Information ....................................................... 9 Initiation of Canvasses ................................................................................. 11 Final Actions.................................................................................................. 12 Project Initiation Notification System (PINS).............................................. 13 International Standards ISO and IEC Draft Standards........................................................................ 15 ISO and IEC Newly Published Standards.................................................... 16 CEN/CENELEC ................................................................................................ 18 Proposed Foreign Government Regulations................................................ 20 Information Concerning ................................................................................. 21 Standards Action is now available via the World Wide Web For your convenience Standards Action can now be down- loaded from the following web address: http://www.ansi.org/news_publications/periodicals/standards _action/standards_action.aspx?menuid=7 American National Standards Call for comment on proposals listed This section solicits public comments on proposed
    [Show full text]
  • Iso/Ts 12911:2012(E)
    TECHNICAL ISO/TS SPECIFICATION 12911 First edition 2012-09-01 Framework for building information modelling (BIM) guidance Cadre pour les directives de modélisation des données du bâtiment Reference number ISO/TS 12911:2012(E) © ISO 2012 Copyright by ISO. Reproduced by ANSI with permission of and under license from ISO. Licensed to committee members for further standardization only. Downloaded 8/18/2015 3:26 PM. Not for additional sale or distribution. ISO/TS 12911:2012(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. ISOTel. copyright+ 41 22 749 office 01 11 Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 FaxWeb + www.iso.org 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Published in Switzerland ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved Copyright by ISO. Reproduced by ANSI with permission of and under license from ISO. Licensed to committee members for further standardization only. Downloaded 8/18/2015 3:26 PM. Not for additional sale or distribution. ISO/TS 12911:2012(E) Contents Page Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv 1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • (MCRJ) Volume 18 | No. 1 | 2016
    Contents Editorial Advisory Board Editorial A STUDY ON THE READINESS OF MALAYSIAN CONTRACTORS TOWARDS TRADE LIBERALIZA- TION Foo Chee Hung, Zuhairi Abd. Hamid, Cheng Ming Yu, Zainora Zainal and Nurul Hayati Khalil AN EXPLORATORY STUDY: BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING EXECUTION PLAN (BEP) PROCEDURE IN MEGA CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS Nor Asma Hafizah Hadzaman, Roshana Takim, Abdul-Hadi Nawawi and Mohammad Fadhil Mohammad CHALLENGES AND CONTROL MECHANISM FOR DEVELOPMENT ON HIGHLAND AND STEEP SLOPE: THE CASE OF KLANG VALLEY Anuar Alias and Azlan Shah Ali PARTNERING FOR SMALL-SIZED CONTRACTORS IN MALAYSIA Hamimah Adnan, Ismail Rahmat, Mohd Hafizuddin Idris and Heap-Yih Chong WORK-LIFE BALANCE: A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON PROFESSIONAL WOMEN QUANTITY SURVEY- OR IN MALAYSIA Mastura Jaafar, Loh Chin Bok, Azlan Raofuddin Nuruddin, Alireza Jalali and Faraziera Mohd Raslim REUSE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ASHES IN CEMENT MORTAR MIXTURES ON VARIES INCINERATED TEMPERATURES Mohamad Nazli Md Jamil and Norazura Muhamad Bunnori REVIEW OF METHODOLOGY DESIGNED TO INVESTIGATE QUALITY OF COST DATA INPUT IN LIFE CYCLE COST Mohd Fairullazi Ayob and Khairuddin Abdul Rashid MALAYSIAN BRIDGES AND THE INFLUENCE OF SUMATRAN EARTHQUAKE IN BRIDGE DESIGN Mohd Zamri Ramli and Azlan Adnan A REVIEW OF THE ONE REGISTRATION SYSTEM FOR CONTRACTORS (1RoC) Khairuddin Abdul Rashid and Samer Shahedza Khairuddin QUANTITY SURVEYORS AND THEIR COMPETENCIES IN THE PROVISION OF PFI SERVICES Samer Shahedza Khairuddin and Khairuddin Abdul Rashid MALAYSIAN CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH JOURNAL (MCRJ) Volume 18 | No. 1 | 2016 The Malaysian Construction Research Journal is indexed in Scopus Elsevier ISSN No.: 1985 - 3807 Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM) MAKMAL KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA 1st Floor, Block E, Lot 8, Jalan Chan Sow Lin, 55200 Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA i Contents Editorial Advisory Board iii Editorial v A STUDY ON THE READINESS OF MALAYSIAN CONTRACTORS 1 TOWARDS TRADE LIBERALIZATION Foo Chee Hung, Zuhairi Abd.
    [Show full text]
  • A Multidimensional Vision of Sustainability in Manufacturing
    sustainability Article Technological Sustainability or Sustainable Technology? A Multidimensional Vision of Sustainability in Manufacturing Marco Vacchi 1 , Cristina Siligardi 1 , Fabio Demaria 2 , Erika Iveth Cedillo-González 1 , Rocío González-Sánchez 3 and Davide Settembre-Blundo 3,4,* 1 Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; [email protected] (M.V.); [email protected] (C.S.); [email protected] (E.I.C.-G.) 2 Department of Economics “Marco Biagi”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy; [email protected] 3 Department of Business Administration (ADO), Applied Economics II and Fundaments of Economic Analysis, Rey-Juan-Carlos University, 28032 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 4 Gruppo Ceramiche Gresmalt, Via Mosca 4, 41049 Sassuolo, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The topic of sustainability is becoming one of the strongest drivers of change in the market- place by transforming into an element of competitiveness and an integral part of business strategy. Particularly in the manufacturing sector, a key role is played by technological innovations that allow companies to minimize the impact of their business on the environment and contribute to enhancing the value of the societies in which they operate. Technological process can be a lever to generate sustainable behaviors, confirming how innovation and sustainability constitute an increasingly close Citation: Vacchi, M.; Siligardi, C.; pair. However, it emerges that the nature of this relationship is explored by researchers and con- Demaria, F.; Cedillo-González, E.I.; sidered by practitioners almost exclusively in terms of the degree of sustainability of technological González-Sánchez, R.; solutions.
    [Show full text]
  • International Standard Iso 20887:2020(E)
    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 20887 First edition 2020-01 Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works — Design for disassembly and adaptability — Principles, requirements and guidance Développement durable dans les bâtiments et ouvrages de génie civil — Conception pour la démontabilité et l’adaptabilité — Principes, exigences et recommandations Reference number ISO 20887:2020(E) © ISO 2020 Externe elektronische Auslegestelle-Beuth-Hochschulbibliothekszentrum des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (HBZ)-KdNr.227109-ID.CHPNZVYTXRKEEF4BOMJWOKJS.3-2020-05-04 14:55:32 ISO 20887:2020(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2020 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva Phone: +41 22 749 01 11 Fax:Website: +41 22www.iso.org 749 09 47 Email: [email protected] iiPublished in Switzerland © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved Externe elektronische Auslegestelle-Beuth-Hochschulbibliothekszentrum des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (HBZ)-KdNr.227109-ID.CHPNZVYTXRKEEF4BOMJWOKJS.3-2020-05-04 14:55:32 ISO 20887:2020(E) Contents Page Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
    [Show full text]
  • Asset Information Requirements Guide
    Asset Information Requirements Guide: Information required for the operation and maintenance of an asset www.abab.net.au Australasian BIM Advisory Board (ABAB) In May 2017, the Australasian BIM Advisory Board (ABAB) was established by the Australasian Procurement and Construction Council (APCC) and the Australian Construction Industry Forum (ACIF), together with NATSPEC, buildingSMART Australasia and Standards Australia. This partnership of national policy and key standard-setting bodies represents a common-sense approach that captures the synergies existing in, and between, each organisation’s areas of responsibility in the built environment. It also supports a more consistent approach to the adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM) across jurisdictional boundaries. The establishment of the ABAB is a first for the Australasian building sector with government, industry and academia partnering to provide leadership to improve productivity and project outcomes through BIM adoption. The ABAB is committed to optimal delivery of outcomes that eliminate waste, maximise end-user benefits and increase the productivity of the Australasian economies. The ABAB has evolved from a previous APCC–ACIF collaboration established in 2015 at a BIM Summit. This summit produced resource documentation to support BIM adoption (refer to www.apcc.gov.au for copies). Members of the ABAB have identified that, without central principal coordination, the fragmented development of protocols, guidelines and approaches form a significant risk that may lead to wasted effort and inefficiencies, including unnecessary costs and reduced competitiveness, across the built environment industry. www.abab.net.au What is Building Information Modelling (BIM)? For the context of the Asset Information Requirements Guide, the European Union (EU) BIM Task Group’s description has been adopted: BIM is a digital form of construction and asset operations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Standards in Enabling a Data Driven UK Real Estate Market
    The role of standards in enabling a data driven UK real estate market 1 Foreword If data truly is “the new oil” as quoted by Clive Humby, nowhere is that data more prevalent than in the built environment sector. Many organisations have data going back decades but having it accessible and organised in such a way as it provides information from which to be meaningful for informed decision making is unquestionably the key. Particularly in a sector that is very much fragmented horizontally, but even vertically within organisations. When the focus of information becomes an asset, a Dr. Amanda Clack MSc BSc PPRICS building or infrastructure, whose lifespan is decades FRICS FICE FAPM FRSA FIC CCMI CMC or even millennia, then designing, constructing, using, Executive Director and Head of Strategic Advisory, CBRE Ltd maintaining and valuing that asset to the best effect Chair Designate and Trustee of UCEM of the function and the people within it, relies on data. According to Forbes “the amount of data we produce every day is truly mind-boggling’ There are now 2.5 quintillion bytes of data created each day at our current pace, but that pace is only accelerating with the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT). Over the last two years alone 90 percent of the data in the world was created” and only 0.8% of it was analysed. If the data we produce in the built environment is accelerating at a similar pace, combined with the increasing need for collaboration and data sharing across teams and throughout the life of the building through the likes of Building Information Management (BIM), Modern Methods of Construction (MMC), IoT, the Code for Sustainable Buildings and the like, we need to get our data in order, and fast.
    [Show full text]
  • ISO 15686-5:2017 10A00fff932e/Iso-15686-5-2017
    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 15686-5 Second edition 2017-07 Buildings and constructed assets — Service life planning — Part 5: Life-cycle costing Bâtiments et biens immobiliers construits — Prévision de la durée iTeh STdeA vieN D— ARD PREVIEW (stPartieand 5:a Approcherds.it eenh coût.ai global) ISO 15686-5:2017 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/c0580884-9804-41ec-9148- 10a00fff932e/iso-15686-5-2017 Reference number ISO 15686-5:2017(E) © ISO 2017 ISO 15686-5:2017(E) iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 15686-5:2017 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/c0580884-9804-41ec-9148- 10a00fff932e/iso-15686-5-2017 COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form orthe by requester. any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401 ISOCH-1214 copyright Vernier, office Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 www.iso.org [email protected] ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 15686-5:2017(E) Contents Page Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
    [Show full text]
  • ISO 15686-1:2011 F28960443670/Iso-15686-1-2011
    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 15686-1 Second edition 2011-05-15 Buildings and constructed assets — Service life planning — Part 1: General principles and framework Bâtiments et biens immobiliers construits — Conception prenant en iTeh STcompteAND laA duréeRD de viePR — EVIEW Partie 1: Principes généraux et cadre (st andards.iteh.ai) ISO 15686-1:2011 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/9d635cfa-59e7-4c56-af84- f28960443670/iso-15686-1-2011 Reference number ISO 15686-1:2011(E) © ISO 2011 ISO 15686-1:2011(E) iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 15686-1:2011 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/9d635cfa-59e7-4c56-af84- f28960443670/iso-15686-1-2011 COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved ISO 15686-1:2011(E) Contents Page Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................iv 0 Introduction............................................................................................................................................v
    [Show full text]
  • Transit Asset Management Systems Handbook Focusing on the Management of Our Transit Investments
    Transit Asset Management Systems Handbook Focusing on the Management of Our Transit Investments SEPTEMBER 2020 FTA Report No. 0173 Federal Transit Administration PREPARED BY JACOBS Victor Rivas Amanda DeGiorgi Rick Laver Bill Tsiforas David Dishman COVER PHOTO Image courtesy of David Dishman, Jacobs Engineering DISCLAIMER The contents of this document do not have the force and effect of law and are not meant to bind the public in any way. This document is intended only to provide clarity to the public regarding existing requirements under the law and or agency policies. Grantees and subgrantees should refer to FTA's statutes and regulations for applicable requirements. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. The United States Government does not endorse products of manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the objective of this report. Transit Asset Management Systems Handbook Focusing on the Management of Our Transit Investments SEPTEMBER 2020 FTA Report No. 0173 PREPARED BY Victor Rivas Amanda DeGiorgi Rick Laver Bill Tsiforas David Dishman JACOBS Engineering Group 501 North Broadway St. Louis, MO 53102 SPONSORED BY Federal Transit Administration Office of Research, Demonstration and Innovation U.S. Department of Transportation 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590 AVAILABLE ONLINE https://www.transit.dot.gov/about/research-innovation
    [Show full text]