Assessment of Karoi Town Water Supply and Sewage Systems

ASSESSMENT OF KAROI TOWN WATER SUPPLY AND SEWAGE SYSTEMS

GOAL Zimbabwe 28 November 2009

Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi

Acknowledgement

This report was compiled by Colin Benham following a field visit to Karoi 15-25 November 2009.

The Assessment was managed by Jo Ryan for GOAL. I would like to thank the staffs of ZINWA, Karoi Water Treatment Works and Karoi Town Council who were exceptionally cooperative in the giving of time and information to allow me to collect the comprehensive collection of data.

Printing History

Version Date Issued By Status/Comment 1.8 30 Nov CEB Issued 09

Front Cover Photograph 1 Five Hours wait to collect water when available

Abbreviations and Acronyms

CBA Central Business Area KTC Karoi Town Council NGO Non-government Organization STP Sewage Treatment Plant (same as WWTP) SWM Solid Waste Management TOR Terms of Reference UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund WASH UNICEF: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Watsan Water and Sanitation WTP Water Treatment Plant WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant (same as STP) ZINWA Zimbabwe National Water Authority

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Table of Contents

PRINTING HISTORY ...... 2 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... 3 TABLE OF FIGURES ...... 5 INDEX OF TABLES ...... 5 INDEX OF PHOTOGRAPHS ...... 5 SECTION 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 7 1.1 RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 7 1.2 KAROI TOWN AND PERI URBAN POPULATION ...... 7 1.3 ACCESSIBILITY TO WATER ...... 7 1.4 PRODUCTION SUMMARY 2008 & 2009. (UNADJUSTED FOR LOSSES) ...... 8 1.5 PROPOSED INTERVENTION STRATEGY ...... 8 1.6 PROPOSED IMMEDIATE INTERVENTIONS WITH COSTS ...... 9 SECTION 2 KAROI WATER TREATMENT PLANT ...... 12 2.1 INTRODUCTION & DEMOGRAPHICS ...... 12 2.2 PLANT OPERATION AT THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT ...... 15 2.3 WATER TEST RESULTS ...... 16 2.4 PUMPS ...... 16 2.5 STAFF NUMBERS AND ATTITUDES ...... 17 2.6 TRANSMISSION AND CONTROLS ...... 18 2.7 COMMUNICATIONS ...... 18 2.8 HIGH LEVEL RESERVOIRS ...... 18 2.9 MECHANICAL SUPPORT PROVIDED FROM KAROI WTP M&E WORKSHOP ...... 19 2.10 SUMMARY OF CONDITION OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT ...... 20 2.11 SYSTEM LOSSES ...... 21 2.12 PRODUCTION NOVEMBER 2009. (UNADJUSTED FOR POSSIBLE LOSSES) ...... 22 2.13 PRODUCTION JAN TO OCTOBER 2009. (UNADJUSTED FOR POSSIBLE LOSSES) ...... 23 2.14 PRODUCTION 2008. (UNADJUSTED FOR POSSIBLE LOSSES) ...... 24 2.15 REASONS FOR PRODUCTION FIGURES ...... 24 2.16 SUPPLY AND CONTROL PHILOSOPHY ...... 24 2.17 WATER SOURCES AND FUTURE DEMAND ...... 25 2.18 POWER...... 26 2.19 SUMMARY COST ESTIMATE FOR REHABILITATION OF PUMPING PLANT ...... 27 2.20 SUMMARY COST ESTIMATE FOR REHABILITATION OF WATER TREATMENT WORKS EQUIPMENT ...... 29 SECTION 3 DEDICATED MAINS WATER SUPPLY TO HOSPITAL & MISC WORKS ...... 30 3.1 EXISTING HOSPITAL SUPPLY ...... 30 3.2 NEW DEDICATED MAINS SUPPLY ...... 31 3.3 COST ESTIMATE FOR INSTALLATION OF MAIN TO HOSPITAL ...... 31 SECTION 4 REHABILITATION OF EXISTING BOREHOLES AND WELL ...... 35 4.1 EXISTING BOREHOLES...... 35 4.2 QUOTATION FOR HAND PUMP INSTALLATION...... 36 4.3 COST ESTIMATE FOR PUMP REHABILITATION ...... 37 SECTION 5 DRILLING OF NEW BOREHOLES ...... 38 5.1 LOCATION OF NEW BOREHOLES ...... 38 5.2 COST ESTIMATES...... 39

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SECTION 6 RAIN WATER HARVESTING ...... 40 6.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 40 6.2 TRAINING ...... 40 6.3 PROPOSED STORAGE CAPACITY ...... 40 6.4 METHOD OF COLLECTION...... 40 6.5 GUTTERS & DOWN PIPE SIZES ...... 41 6.6 COST ESTIMATE FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING ...... 41 SECTION 7 PUBLIC TOILETS REFURBISHMENT AND CONSTRUCTION ...... 42 7.1 PUBLIC TOILET USE ...... 42 7.2 PUBLIC TOILET INSPECTION ...... 43 7.3 COMPLETION OF PART COMPLETED TOILET HARRIS STREET ...... 44 7.4 COST OF REFURBISHMENT OR COMPLETION OF TOILETS ...... 46 7.5 PUBLIC TOILET LOCATIONS...... 47 SECTION 8 PROVISION OF SPARES ...... 48 8.1 SOLID WASTE COLLECTION ...... 48 8.2 COUNCIL MATERIALS FOR GENERAL OPERATIONS ...... 48 8.3 ZINWA MATERIALS FOR GENERAL OPERATIONS ...... 49 SECTION 9 SEWER UPGRADES AND CLEANING ...... 50 9.1 SEWERAGE SYSTEM SUMMARY ...... 50 9.2 SEWERAGE SYSTEM COST ESTIMATES ...... 52 SECTION 10 CAPACITY BUILDING WITHIN KTC & ZINWA STAFF ...... 54 10.1 RETURN OF CONTROL TO KAROI COUNCIL FROM ZINWA ...... 54 ANNEX A PUMPING CAPACITY RESTORED ...... 55 ANNEX B PUMP SPARES AND EQUIPMENT DETAILS ...... 59 ANNEX C SPARES FOR KTC EQUIPMENT ...... 61 ANNEX D MATERIALS AND SPARES FOR ZINWA OPERATIONS ...... 66 ANNEX E UPGRADE OF SEWERS WHERE FLOW EXCEEDS CAPACITY...... 67 ANNEX F LIST OF PEOPLE MET KAROI AND HARARE ...... 70

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Table of Figures

Figure 1 Map of Karoi Town and Peri Urban Area ...... 11 Figure 2 Graph of Production Figures 2008 & 2009 ...... 21

Index of Tables

Table 1 Production Averages 2008 & 2009 ...... 8 Table 2 Schedule of Interventions ...... 10 Table 3 Population Breakdown In Urban and Peri Urban Areas ...... 13 Table 4 Water Quality Test Results ...... 16 Table 5 Production and Pumping at WTP 4 days November ...... 17 Table 6 Distances from Dams & Tanks to WTP ...... 18 Table 7 Areas Technically Supported from Karoi ...... 19 Table 8 Condition of Plant and Equipment ...... 20 Table 9 Production Figures November 2009 ...... 22 Table 10 Production Figures 2009 ...... 23 Table 11 Production Figures 2008 ...... 24 Table 12 Power Requirements for the WTP ...... 26 Table 13 Cost Estimate Rehabilitation of Pumping Plant ...... 27 Table 14 Cost estimate for the rehabilitation of Equipment ...... 29 Table 15 Cost Estimate Dedicated Mains to Hospital ...... 31 Table 16 Cost of Repair to Generator ...... 32 Table 17 Cost of Repair to Hospital Surgery UPS ...... 34 Table 18 Location of Boreholes and Well to be Rehabilitated ...... 35 Table 19 Quote for Hand Pump Installation ...... 36 Table 20 Cost Estimate for Pump Rehabilitation ...... 37 Table 21 Location of proposed boreholes and cost estimate ...... 39 Table 22 Gutter Dimesnions and Capacitieis ...... 41 Table 23 Cost Estimate for Rainwater Harvesting ...... 41 Table 24 Cost Estimate for Refurbishment of Toilets ...... 46 Table 25 Public Toilet Locations ...... 47 Table 26 KTC required spares and consumables ...... 49 Table 27 Sewerage Improvements Cost Estimates ...... 52

Index of Photographs

Front Cover Photograph 1 Five Hours wait to collect water when available ...... 2 Photograph 2 Single Functioning Raw Water Pump at Blockley Dam ...... 14 Photograph 3 Clarifiers during power cut showing floc floating on the surface ...... 15 Photograph 4 Missing Pump at WTP Pump House ...... 16 Photograph 5 Pump Room Water Treatment Plant ...... 27

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Photograph 6 Chlorine Hand Mixed and Garden Hose Delivery ...... 28 Photograph 7 Dosing pump broken ...... 28 Photograph 7 High Level Water Tanks Hospital ...... 30 Photograph 8 Damaged Generator Control Board ...... 32 Photograph 9 Generator not working due to damaged control board ...... 33 Photograph 10 18 number 6v batteries Operating Theatre UPS not working ...... 33 Photograph 11 Flamboyance Peri Urban REP 4 Hand Pump Stand ...... 37 Photograph 12 Typical houses in High Density Areas ...... 41 Photograph 13 Operator and Hand washing System Public Toilets ...... 42 Photograph 14 Public Toilet Main Street In Need of Rehabilitation ...... 43 Photograph 15 Abandoned Public Toilet in Chiedza ...... 43 Photograph 16 Under Utilised Primary Sedimentation at Oxidation Ponds ...... 50 Photograph 17 Exit weir final oxidation pond showing surplus capacity and no through flow ...... 51 Photograph 18 Blocked Sewer effluent running though houses ...... 52 Photograph 19 Gravity Fed Sewer pipe in need of Maintenance ...... 53

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Section 1 Executive Summary

1.1 Recommendations

The purpose of this assessment was to identify interventions that could be quickly carried out to improve reliability of the water and sanitation services to Karoi urban and peri urban areas and to reduce the risk of the return of diseases that are due to poor water supply and sanitation, in particular cholera. The justification is to be found in the subsequent chapters.

Simplistically, ZINWA administered Karoi Water Treatment Plant (WTP) cannot provide reliable water and sanitation services to the community because of:-

Reduced pumping capacity, Reduced availability of power Absence of spares and preventative maintenance. Equipment cannibalism to maintain the reduced services in the town and other areas for which the town M&E workshop is responsible.

Karoi Town Council cannot provide sanitation services or extensions and maintenance to the sewage systems due to absence of spares and equipment.

1.2 Karoi Town and Peri Urban Population

Karoi Town Council advised there is a population of 37,000 in the urban and peri urban areas. As the housing development of Chiedza is completed another 10,000 residents will be added to the community.

1.3 Accessibility to Water

Allowing 50 litres per day per person and 30% losses, it appears the WTP is only required to produce 2,500 m3 per day to satisfy the community’s needs.

This figure has not been achieved on monthly averages with 2008 achieving average 2,036 m3 per day and 2009 1,693 m3 per day (to October).

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1.4 Production Summary 2008 & 2009. (Unadjusted for losses)

2008 2009 to date Comment Max production per 2,398 m3 per day 2,511 m3 per day November 2009 day averaged per (February) June month average (first month 19 days) is 453 m3 per day Average daily 2,036 m3 per day 1,693 m3 per day production Least production 1,777 m3 per day or 506 m3 per day or per day averaged 74 m3 per hour 21 m3 per hour per month (May) (August) Production annual 744,707 m3 652,4171 m3 12% reduction on 2008 and excludes the disastrous production month of November 2009

Table 1 Production Averages 2008 & 2009

1.5 Proposed Intervention Strategy

1 Improve pump reliability so that when there is ZESA, the WTP is working at maximum capacity. 2 Improve the water cleansing and disinfection process in the WTP to ensure the quality of water is maintained. 3 Increase volume of storage in the high densities areas through construction of 1 m3 storage tanks (50% of stands in high density areas) so when there is surplus production either from the mains or rainwater harvesting, it can be safely stored. 4 Increase alternative sources of water through the rehabilitation of boreholes, drilling of boreholes and rainwater harvesting. 5 Provide Karoi Hospital with a borehole to allow it to maintain water to the hospital at all times independent of the mains supply. Provide a dedicated mains connection to the hospital. 6 Provide spares and materials to the Karoi Town Council to maintain the equipment in the WTP and also the materials and equipment used for improving and maintaining the sewage and solid waste systems 7 Rehabilitate 4 public toilets and complete the construction of the fifth to ensure the general public will use them.

1 2009 figure adjusted for 10 months of production at time of report production ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 8 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi

1.6 Proposed Immediate Interventions with costs

Nr Item Managed Owned Reference Cost Rank By in Report 1=urgent 2=important 3=less 1 Pumping capacity is restored through ZINWA Para 2.19 108,000 1 replacement of old and failed pumps, Annex A motors and switching equipment and valves 2 Dosing and filtration equipment repaired ZINWA Para 2.19 75,000 1 and soda ash or lime is reintroduced Annex A & B 3 Installation of a dedicated main from the ZINWA Para 3.3 45,000 2 WTP to the Town Hospital (1200 m). 4 Existing boreholes around the town and KTC Para 3.4 37,000 1 in the peri urban area rehabilitated (8 boreholes + 1 well. 2 with electric motors ) 5 Alternative hand pump water supply is GOAL KTC Para 5.1 253,000 2 provided in 18 urban locations including the hospital, schools and prison. Submersible electric motor at hospital and prison 6 Solar power submersible pumps for KTC Para 5.1 Included 2 secure premises i.e. prison. in 5 7 Rain water harvesting introduced to high KTC Para 6.6 180,000 1 density areas. 1,000 stands approximately 6,000 people with hygiene education 8 Repair and servicing of the hospital MoHCW Para 3.5 5,000 1 generator and motor to allow borehole to pump water when town supply and

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Nr Item Managed Owned Reference Cost Rank By in Report 1=urgent 2=important 3=less ZESA is not available. 9 Repair and servicing of the hospital MoHCW Para 3.6 4,500 1 operating system UPS 10 Refurbishment of three high use public KTC Para 7.4 31,000 1 toilets in the town area and a single toilet in Chiedza with hygiene education 11 Completing and commissioning of a new KTC Para 7.4 9,000 1 public toilet in the CBA, with hygiene education 12 Provision of essential spares and repair KTC & Para 9.2 & 120,000 2 existing equipment for pumping and solid ZINWA 9.3 waste collection for KTC & ZINWA. Annex C 145,000 Annex D 13 Upgrade of sewers where flow exceeds KTC & Para 9.2 751,000 2 capacity. Clean sewers where blocked. ZINWA Annex E 14 Capacity Building within KTC & ZINWA Para 11.1 50,000 3 Staff 15 Water Resources Study for future water Para 2.17 50,000 3 and sanitation needs for the Karoi urban and peri urban areas

Sub Total Rank 1 449,500 Sub Total Rank 2 1,314,000 Sub Total Rank 3 100,000 Grand Total USD 1,863,500

Table 2 Schedule of Interventions

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Figure 1 Map of Karoi Town and Peri Urban Area

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Section 2 Karoi Water Treatment Plant

Intervention 1 Pumping capacity is restored through replacement of old and failed pumps motors and switching equipment and valves

Intervention 2 Dosing and filtration equipment repaired and soda ash or lime is reintroduced

Intervention 15 Water Resources Study for future water and sanitation needs for the Karoi urban and peri urban areas

2.1 Introduction & Demographics

Karoi is both a town and a district in Mashonaland West province. Karoi town is located approximately 200 km North West of Harare along the main road from Harare to Kariba and Chirundu.

The population of Karoi town in the 1992 census was 14,763 but KTC estimate the current population is 27,000 in three urban locations known as “Town” and high density areas of Chikangwe and Chiedza with another 11,000 people within the administrative rural area of 10 km radius around the town.

Karoi is also about 80 km north-west of Chinhoyi town, the capital of Mashonaland West province.

Until the year, 2000 Karoi Town Council (KTC) was buying water in bulk from the ZINWA operated WTP for the single urban area of Chikangwe. ZINWA took over the revenue collection for this area from this time as well as continuing to collect revenues from the low density and commercial areas.

Subsequently, in accordance with the Karoi Town Development Plan a new housing area was developed called Chiedza.

Karoi Town Council is developing the administrative infrastructure to have Karoi Town declared a municipality.

From February 2009, Government edict allowed for the control of the Water and Sanitation services to be returned to the Council provided they could demonstrate they had the capacity to manage the system. This transfer has not taken place although ZINWA offered the control of the sewage system to KTC but wished to retain control of the operation and revenues associated with the water system.

ZINWA continues to control the following:-

Treatment plant operations

ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 12 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi Operation of the sewerage system comprising two oxidation ponds and the sewer system Operation and maintenance of the sewage systems Staff appointment, training and pay Supply of spares and chemicals Paying of operational bills Collecting the revenues Technical oversight.

Karoi Town Council, in particular the Town Engineer, has an operational oversight of distribution but has no control over any money or staff.

The Town Engineer is responsible for the following WATSAN related activities:- Solid waste collection and disposal O&M of the storm drainage system Public Toilets (3 public, 2 restricted access and one part completed, one abandoned) Tanker delivery to key installations (hospital, public toilets) at times of shortages.

The following figures have been prepared by consultation with the KTC over the number of stands and estimates regarding the number of residents per stand. They should be correlated with census figures.

Population Approx Area Stands % occupancy per stand Population Karoi Town 1,085 100 4 4,340 Chikangwe 1,870 100 6 11,220 Chiedza 3,666 40 6 8,798 Council Farm 1, Chambatungwe 500 Council Farm 2, New Forest 100 Flamboyance 500 Prison 1,000 Unaccounted 11,000 Totals 37,000

Table 3 Population Breakdown In Urban and Peri Urban Areas

The population figures give no indication as to accessibility. Parts of the higher density areas are least well served and the distribution within these areas is inequitable with houses closest to the tanks receiving the best supply.

They fail to include some of the developing settlements in the peri urban area and the recovered farms where abundance of housing has encouraged the development of a commuter community.

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The Karoi Water Treatment Plant (WTP) opened in 1989 with a maximum design flow capacity of 305 m3 per hour with aluminium sulphate and lime dosing, two flocculation tanks, three rapid sand filters and chlorine gas chlorination. Provision was made in the works to double the capacity when demand required. Expansion of the system is not considered a priority.

Photograph 2 Single Functioning Raw Water Pump at Blockley Dam

The plant is clearly robust and well designed and continues to produce adequate quantities of water despite its neglect and it is safe to say that everything that is not absolutely vital for production has broken and not been repaired.

Vital equipment to maintain supply that fails is repaired as quickly as resources allow.

There is no detailed understanding of supply availability and there is disparity between the KTC positions that all urban areas have access to water when water is available, to that of GOAL position where certain areas are not receiving water ever.

Connection fees have to be paid for new plots to be connected and previous bills need to be cleared for reconnections to take place that may account for some of the plots not receiving water. Technical issues like leaks and blockages may also account for some other failures.

Provision of alternative water sources from hand pumps would alleviate the problems at times of shortage but ZINWA expressed the concern that the revenues would be hit and would like the use of the hand pumps discontinued outside shortages.

ZINWA’s position on rainwater harvesting is likely to be similar to that of the use of hand pumps. ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 14 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi

2.2 Plant Operation at the Water Treatment Plant

Chemical dosing of chlorine and alum continues to be carried out manually and is relying very heavily on the ability and interest of the plant operators to ensure adequacy. Chlorine application is by hand mixing HTH and delivery by siphon through a garden hose. Aluminium sulphate adding is by hand. Adding soda ash or lime for pH correction has been discontinued.

Photograph 3 Clarifiers during power cut showing floc floating on the surface

Blowers to the rapid filters have not worked for 10 years ensuring increased head losses, increased quantities of back wash water and more frequent back washing. A Contractor who installed replacement blowers, “they worked for a few seconds and have not worked since”. 2

The 3 rapid sand filters are in need of sand and nozzle replacement with sand being found in the sumps down stream of the filter beds3.

2 I suspected the delivery pipes are blocked with filter sand and as no inspection of the delivery pipe was undertaken prior to start up and no pressure release valve was observed to be fitted it is probable there was no outlet for the compressed air and the pumps compressed the air until failure. 3 Replacement of sand and nozzles in filters is a specialised operation if the maximum benefit is to be derived and I suggest the work is sub contracted to an experienced company and one filter bed is taken out of operation at the same time the air blowers are repaired ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 15 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi

2.3 Water Test Results

The WTP staff carry out tests on the water produced and water in the system. I carried out the following tests on water sampled from taps at different locations around the town.

Total Dissolved Free Chlorine5 pH E. coli6 Solids4 (ave) ppm ppm (Yes or No) 10 November 66 0.1 6.8 (or below) No 12 November 82 0.1-0.5 6.8 (or below) No 13 November 51 0.1 6.8 (or below) No

Table 4 Water Quality Test Results

2.4 Pumps

Butchering of control panels often means the starters to motors are not fit for purpose coupled with voltage fluctuations and suspect relay protection causing damage to the electrical systems.7

Photograph 4 Missing Pump at WTP Pump House

4 Total Dissolved Solids Meter by NHY Controller Limited 5 HTH test kit for chorine and pH 6 18 minute bacteria test kit by Industrial Test Systems Inc USA 7 All electrical controls should be inspected and confirmed to be suitable for controlling the pumps in operation as the pumps are being installed. ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 16 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi

No alarms or remote controls were observed to be functioning anywhere requiring visual observations and communication of the observations to the operators.

Bulk meters in distribution do not work with the exception of the transmission to Chiedza. Replacement is not considered a priority.

Pump run time meters do not work at Blockley.

Chemical hoist cable is broken requiring chemicals to be hand carried up three flights for mixing. 20 m of 4 mm dia cable is needed for Health and Safety reasons and considered a high priority.

Plant operators advise it takes two hours for the power to return before water starts being pumped to the high level tanks. Time is lost due to back washing and sump filling. ZESA tends to be available from 9 pm to 5 am with a typical bad day having five hours of production.

When I asked for specific times to be kept the following was recorded.

Date Raw Water Chiedza Chikangwe Pumped hrs pumped hrs pumped M3 21st Nov 09 771 4 4 22nd Nov 09 987 1 2 23rd Nov 09 1656 5 3 24th Nov 09 999 8 7

Table 5 Production and Pumping at WTP 4 days November

2.5 Staff Numbers and Attitudes

The staff is clearly committed and understand their roles to perform and work hard to ensure Karoi and suburbs get as much safe water as is possible. Some staff have only seen the plant operate in the basic state, and training coupled with the repairs would be needed to ensure maximum benefit is derived from the improvements.

Staffing numbers seem adequate but it is clear that not all operators exhibit the same diligence in reporting performance as there are gaps in the operational records that cannot be attributed to lack of ZESA.

Capacity building is required to motivate staff especially as a result of the uncertainty of moving from the control of ZINWA to KTC will have impacted on morale.

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2.6 Transmission and controls

There is the original 150 mm dia supply from Karoi dam and a longer 200 mm dia pipe from Blockley Dam. Along the Blockley pumping main there are six air release valves. Two are currently shut down due to vandalism.

The two pumping raw water mains join at a tee in a chamber with non functioning gate and two non-functioning non return valves. The line increases to 250 mm where there is a bulk water meter just as goes into the works that functions. The reliability cannot be cross referenced as all the alternative meters are non working.

The air release valves are regularly vandalised by people trying to extract water at times of prolonged water outages and hand pumps are proposed as alternative supplies close to the air valves as a form of protection.

None return valves; sluice and gate valves have failed resulting in loss of control, decrease in efficiency and increase losses.

Distance to Water Distance from Pipe Dia Pump Works GPS (Crow flies) m mm m3/hr Town High 1,760 200 65 Chiedza High 3,280 200 100 Chikangwe High 1,120 150 65 Blockley Dam 4,640 200 100 Karoi Dam 320 250 nil

Table 6 Distances from Dams & Tanks to WTP

2.7 Communications

Communications to pumping stations is by cell phone when the network is functioning and face to face when the system is down. The radio at the WTP was struck by lightening and is not working.

2.8 High level reservoirs

The three high level reservoirs are all functioning well with at least a single booster pump working at each location. No duty second pump or standby is fitted anywhere.

ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 18 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi Three distribution meters were fitted in Chikangwe when the Town supplied water to the community and the community was responsible for collecting and paying. These meters no longer work.

With one exception (supply to primary school in Chiedza) all distribution is by gravity and no connections to the pumping main directly were known to the Town Engineer.

2.9 Mechanical Support Provided from Karoi WTP M&E Workshop

The adjacent mechanical & electrical (M&E) workshop is responsible for technical support to the Karoi works and the following other communities and there is the strategy to rob standby pumps to keep these satellite obligations functioning.

Geographical Location Type of Supply 1 Chinhoyi Canes National Park Borehole 2 Lions Den Roads Borehole 3 Kasimure / Pote Clinic Borehole 4 Magunje Growth point WTP 5 Muvami Hospital Borehole 6 Vuti Growth point Borehole 7 Nyamakate Growth point Borehole 8 Makuti WTP 9 Kariba Airport WTP 10 Nyanyana National Park WTP 11 Chirundu Town WTP 12 Mana Pools National Park WTP 13 Marongora National Park WTP

Table 7 Areas Technically Supported from Karoi

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2.10 Summary of Condition of Plant and Equipment High Flow NR Float & Pump 1 Motor 1 Pump 2 Motor 2 Starters Tank 1 Tank 2 Tank 3 Tank meter Valve Gate Blockley Dam Old Old Scrap Wait Old Old Old Karoi Dam Wait Old Scrap Scrap upgrade Scrap Scrap Clarifiers Old Old Old Sand Sand Sand WTW Filters u/s u/s u/s u/s x 6 WTW Back wash pumps Old Old Old Wait upgrade WTW Blowers/Filters Scrap Scrap Scrap Scrap Scrap u/s u/s WTW Mixing Alum u/s √ WTW Dosing Alum Scrap Scrap √ Cable WTW Chemical Hoist u/s √ WTW Mixing Chorine Scrap √ WTW Dosing Chlorine Scrap Scrap √ WTW to Town Old Old Diverted Diverted √ WTW to Chikangwe Old Old Old Wait upgrade u/s x 3 WTW to Chiedza Scrap Wait Scrap Wait upgrade Old High Lift Town Booster Old Old Scrap Scrap upgrade 2000 1000 46 Old Old High Lift Town GMB Old Old Scrap Scrap upgrade 1000 High Lift Chikangwe Old Old Old Wait Old 2000 2000 u/s 60 u/s Old Old High Lift Chiedza 1000 1000 Old Scrap Old

Table 8 Condition of Plant and Equipment

Legend. Old = Working Scrap or u/s = Beyond economic repair Wait = Waiting for repair

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2.11 System Losses

The only meters still working is the raw water intake and the supply to Chiedza so no balance to losses can be prepared. Figures below should be adjusted for losses in the plant (say 5%) and in the system (say 25%) to give an understanding of what is reaching the customers. In the absence of any data these figures cannot be viewed as anything other than “guesstimates”.

All houses are fitted with meters but flows recorded and billed are not consolidated to allow system losses to be calculated.

Bulk Supplies 2008 & 2009

3,000

2,500

2,000 Series1 1,500 Series2 1,000

500 Daily Production M3 Raw M3 Production Daily

0 123456789101112 Months

Figure 2 Graph of Production Figures 2008 & 2009

Legend. Series 1 = 2009 monthly production averages; Series 2 = 2008 monthly production averages

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2.12 Production November 2009. (Unadjusted for possible losses)

Day Month Average Bulk Raw Water Days output Total per day Start Finish m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 01-Nov 14,889,753 14,889,763 1 10 10 10 02-Nov 14,889,763 14,889,763 1 0 10 0 03-Nov 14,889,763 14,889,763 1 0 10 0 04-Nov 14,890,374 14,890,443 1 69 79 69 05-Nov 14,890,443 14,890,689 1 246 325 246 06-Nov 14,890,689 14,890,689 1 0 325 0 07-Nov 14,890,689 14,890,689 1 0 325 0 08-Nov 14,890,689 14,890,776 1 87 412 87 09-Nov 14,890,776 14,890,776 1 0 412 0 10-Nov 14,890,776 14,890,849 1 73 485 73 11-Nov 14,890,849 14,890,849 1 0 485 0 12-Nov 14,890,849 14,892,178 1 1,329 1,814 1,329 13-Nov 0 1 0 1,814 0 14-Nov 0 1 0 1,814 0 15-Nov 1 0 1,814 0 16-Nov 1 0 1,814 0 17-Nov 14,892,178 14,894,178 1 2,000 3,814 2,000 18-Nov 14,894,178 14,894,678 1 500 4,314 500 19-Nov 14,890,849 14,893,178 1 2,329 2,814 2,329 20-Nov 14,893,178 14,895,178 1 2,000 2,485 2,000 21-Nov 14,895,178 14,895,981 1 803 2,617 803 22-Nov 14,895,981 14,896,968 1 987 2,801 987 23-Nov 14,896,968 14,898,524 1 1,556 3,370 1,556 24-Nov 14,898,524 14,899,523 1 999 2,813 999 25-Nov 26-Nov 27-Nov

Averages m3 Nov 2009 Daily Ave 1,082 m3

Table 9 Production Figures November 2009

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2.13 Production Jan to October 2009. (Unadjusted for possible losses)

Year Bulk Raw Water Jan to Oct Month Year Average 2009 Start Finish Days Total Total per day m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 Jan 14,346,072 14,406,660 31 60,588 60,588 1,954 Feb 14,406,660 14,480,965 28 74,305 74,305 2,654 Mar 14,480,965 14,555,583 31 74,618 74,618 2,407 Apr 14,555,583 14,615,131 30 59,548 59,548 1,985 May 14,615,131 14,648,796 31 33,665 33,665 1,086 Jun 14,648,796 14,724,114 30 75,318 75,318 2,511 Jul 14,724,114 14,752,988 31 28,874 28,874 931 Aug 14,752,988 14,768,685 31 15,697 15,697 506 Sep 14,768,685 14,843,550 30 74,865 74,865 2,496 Oct 14,843,550 14,889,753 31 46,203 46,203 1,490 Nov 14,889,753 14,895,178 19 5,425 5,425 286 Dec 0 31 0 0 0

Month 41,421 Daily 1,693 Averages 2009 Av m3 Ave m3

Table 10 Production Figures 2009

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2.14 Production 2008. (Unadjusted for possible losses)

Year Bulk Raw Water Month Year Average 2008 Start Finish Days Total Total per day m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 Jan 13,601,365 13,675,794 31 74,429 74,429 2,401 Feb 13,675,794 13,745,347 29 69,553 143,982 2,398 Mar 13,745,347 13,817,093 31 71,746 215,728 2,314 Apr 13,817,093 13,875,180 30 58,087 273,815 1,936 May 13,875,180 13,930,273 31 55,093 328,908 1,777 Jun 13,930,273 14,002,584 30 72,311 401,219 2,410 Jul 14,002,584 14,069,102 31 66,518 467,737 2,146 Aug 14,069,102 14,132,867 31 63,765 531,502 2,057 Sep 14,132,867 14,191,428 30 58,561 590,063 1,952 Oct 14,191,428 14,248,999 31 57,571 647,634 1,857 Nov 14,248,999 14,300,112 30 51,113 698,747 1,704 Dec 14,300,112 14,346,072 31 45,960 744,707 1,483

Month 62,059 Daily 2,036 Averages 2008 Av m3 Ave m3

Table 11 Production Figures 2008

2.15 Reasons for Production Figures

There are three primary reasons for the low outputs.

1. ZESA unreliability. Due to the reduction in pumping capacity, it is not possible to take full advantage of the ZESA when it is available. Records are not kept of outages but it “is very rare” for a day to pass without a power cut. 2. Mechanical Breakdowns. Due to the absence of spares (and any maintenance programme) failure of key plant results on supply being interrupted. 3. Lack of controls and communication mean that plant is operated manually. As ZESA is most commonly available at night staff performance will be degraded and consequential losses increase.

2.16 Supply and Control Philosophy

Simplistically. When there is power, the system will work for as long as there is power. The pumps will be switched on and off giving 2 hour supply periods to each of the three zones. If ZESA fails before the last zone has received water then they will receive water first when the power resumes.

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There are five possible sources of water:- 1. Blockley Reservoir 2. Karoi Reservoir 3. Groundwater 4. Third reservoir down stream of the oxidation ponds. 5. Rainwater harvesting. This is as a possibility in light of the chronic water shortages and the rainy season coinciding with the start of the cholera season.

Because of the poor extraction from the reservoirs due to equipment and power failures it is not considered the supply is currently inadequate. However there is talk of doubling the main from Blockley to increase the supply.

This increasing of raw water pumping capacity should follow the carrying out a study. Replacement of the used and worn pumps is recommended (plus the replacement of the second pump and to have a third as standby) and it is possible for newer and more efficient pumps to pump increased quantities without doubling the mains.

Extraction from a third reservoir could be explored to balance extraction

However, due to the unreliability of the mains supply more consumers are moving to their own boreholes resulting in a reduction in consumers that either are large buyers of water or more likely to pay resulting in an impact in the revenue stream and water table.

It is recommended that a study for the water resource management for the reservoirs and ground water is carried out to ensure the resource is correctly managed. Budget figure of USD 50,000 is proposed but this should be adjusted following the development of the Terms of Reference.

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2.18 Power.

The Table below lists out the power requirements in the five locations in the supply system. It is attractive to consider the placement of generators for the standby power for times of ZESA failure.

Town Motor 1 Motor 2 Standby B Dam K Dam WTP HL Chik HL Chie HL Blockley Dam 75 KW 75 KW 75 KW 150 Karoi Dam 25 KW 30 KW 30 WTW Back wash pumps 25 25 50 WTW Blowers/Filters 25 25 50 WTW Mixing Alum 5 5 WTW Dosing Alum 5 5 WTW Chemical Hoist 5 5 WTW Mixing Chorine 5 5 WTW Dosing Chlorine 5 5 WTW to Town 75 75 75 WTW to Chikangwe 30 30 30 WTW to Chiedza 30 30 30 High Lift Town Booster 25 25 25 High Lift Town GMB 25 25 25 High Lift Chikangwe 25 25 25 0 High Lift Chiedza Misc 5 5 50 5 5 5 Totals kW 155 35 310 55 30 5

Table 12 Power Requirements for the WTP

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Photograph 5 Pump Room Water Treatment Plant

2.19 Summary Cost Estimate for Rehabilitation of Pumping Plant

The detailed cost estimate is to be found in Annex A

Bill Item Cost Replace Blockley Dam Raw Water USD 24,000 A Pumps. B Replace Karoi Dam Raw Water Pumps USD 20,200 Replace pumps sets Town high level USD 15,200 C tanks. Replace pumps sets Chikangwe high USD 15,200 D level tanks. Replace pumps sets Chiedza high level USD 15,200 E tanks.

Sub Total USD 89,800 Contingencies USD 18,000 Total USD 108,000

Table 13 Cost Estimate Rehabilitation of Pumping Plant

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Photograph 6 Chlorine Hand Mixed and Garden Hose Delivery

Photograph 7 Dosing pump broken

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2.20 Summary Cost Estimate for Rehabilitation of Water Treatment Works Equipment

The detailed cost estimate is to be found in Annex A and details of the priced replacement equipment in Annex B. Annex B is not priced and the prices are included in the figures found in Annex A

Bill Item Cost F Valves & Meters USD 5,750 G High Level Town standby USD 12,750 H High Level Chikangwe standby USD 1,300 I Filters, Beds & Dosing Equipment USD 37,600 Sub Total USD 57,400 Contingencies USD 18,000 Total USD 75,000

Table 14 Cost estimate for the rehabilitation of Equipment

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Section 3 Dedicated Mains Water Supply to Hospital & Misc Works

Interventions 3 Installation of a dedicated main from the WTP to the Town hospital (1200 m).

Interventions 8 Repair and servicing of the hospital generator and motor to allow borehole to pump water when Town supply is not available.

Interventions 9 Repair and servicing of the hospital operating system UPS

3.1 Existing Hospital Supply

Currently when the mains are operating, the high level tanks are filled and the supply gravitates to the hospital after a couple of hours. Bladder tanks have been supplied for use when there is no mains water but these have to be filled manually. It is proposed that these tanks are connected to the town supply to increase the storage in the hospital. The hospital has two high level 10 m3 galvanised tanks i.e. 20 m3 of storage that appear to be in good condition. However, the supporting columns need to be painted and the high level float valve inspected and replaced. All non return valves and control valves should be inspected and replaced where necessary.

Photograph 8 High Level Water Tanks Hospital

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It would be possible to run a dedicated supply (1200 m) to the hospital to reduce the delay in the supply returning. ZINWA will need to obtain the way leaves and arrange a connection to one of the pumping mains to the high level tanks

3.3 Cost Estimate for Installation of Main to Hospital

Description Unit QuantityUnit Rate Cost USD 1 1200m of 100 mm dia AC Class 12) 4m length 300 100 30,000 2 T-Junction 250 mm item 1 100 100 3 100 mm Non-Return valve item 2 100 200 4 Gate valve (100 mm) item 2 100 200 5 Air valve (100 mm) item 2 100 200 6 Scour (T and Gate valve) item 2 100 200 7 Cement-Thrust blocks bags 20 12 240 8 Work suits item 20 18 360 9 Picks item 20 18 360 10 Shovels item 20 13 260 11 20% Labour 6,424 12 Connection to Hospital Tanks item 1 1,000 1,000 13 Installation of Water Meter item 1 1,000 1,000 14 Connection to 250 pumping Main item 1 1,000 1,000 15 Contingencies item 1 1,000 1,000 TOTAL 42,544 With Contingencies USD 45,000

Table 15 Cost Estimate Dedicated Mains to Hospital

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3.4 Installation of Borehole and Submersible Pump

It is proposed in addition, a bore hole with a submersible pump to be sited in the hospital grounds to provide at least a basic emergency water supply. (See Intervention 5). For this to be effective alternative water supply to the mains, the generator will need to be repaired.

3.5 Repairs to Hospital Generator

For humanitarian reasons it is proposed the generator is repaired (Intervention 8) to allow water to be pumped when there is no ZESA and town supply

The generator is a 352 kVA Dale Electric Generator Serial Number 06375803P. The electrician advised there was a fault in the controls and there is a need for a replacement electronic control card part number K7000/A2 12

Bill Item Cost A Inspect Generator 352 kVA Dale USD 750 B Replace Control Card USD 750 Full service of generator + Cummings USD 1,000 C diesel engine by dealer D Contingencies USD 2,500 E Total USD 5,000

Table 16 Cost of Repair to Generator

Photograph 9 Damaged Generator Control Board

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Photograph 10 Generator not working due to damaged control board

3.6 Repair to Hospital Operating Theatre UPS

It is proposed the UPS to the hospital operating theatre is repaired (Intervention 9).

Photograph 11 18 number 6v batteries Operating Theatre UPS not working

ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 33 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi Currently no major surgeries are carried out in the hospital and all serious medical cases requiring surgery are transferred to Chinhoyi Provincial Hospital.

Bill Item Cost Inspect Inverter control system by USD 250 A Chloride Power Electronics B Replace 18 number 6v batteries for ups USD 750 C Full inspection and service UPS System USD 1,000 D Contingencies USD 2,500 E Total USD 4,500

Table 17 Cost of Repair to Hospital Surgery UPS

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Section 4 Rehabilitation of Existing Boreholes and Well

Intervention 4 Existing boreholes around the town and in the peri urban area rehabilitated (8 boreholes + 1 well. 3 with pumps motors)

4.1 Existing boreholes.

The condition and the production from the boreholes is unknown although it is to be expected those that were originally fitted with motors were productive

Pop Water Reference Title Coordinates Elevation Comments Action served depth Chikangwe near Flea S16 48.325 repair & hand REP 1 1295 m 1,000 Capped and covered unknown Market E29 41.783 pump Ad Reservoir. Chiedza S16 49.074 Old farm. Pump motor stolen. pump + diesel REP 9 1249 m 500 unknown Prim & Sec School E29 42.853 Farm site of school motor S16 49.478 Old farm. Pump motor stolen. repair & hand REP 8 Quarry Farm 1257 m 3,000 unknown E29 43.163 200 m away from quarry well pump Dug well adjacent water filled Protect well + S16 49.548 REP 7 WELL Old Quarry Well 1267 m 3,000 quarry. Need of protection. -5 m bucket or hand E29 43.075 Abandoned. Dead rat floating pump Harare Road Vehicle S16 50.186 repair & hand REP 6 1253 m 400 Adjacent to Harare Highway. unknown Depot E29 42.643 pump S16 49.873 repair & hand REP 5 Harare Road-old farm 1244 m 120 Adjacent to Harare Highway. unknown E29 42.224 pump S16 50.301 repair & hand REP 4 Flamboyance 1278 m 1,000 Hand pump stolen. -5 m E29 41.040 pump S16 51.041 Old farm. Mono pump. Pump repair + electric REP 3 Council Farm New Forest 1308 m 100 -40 m est. E29 40.792 motor stolen motor Council Farm S16 50.135 Old farm. Mono pump. Pump repair + electric REP 2 1275 m 500 unknown Chambatungwe E29 39.886 motor stolen motor

Table 18 Location of Boreholes and Well to be Rehabilitated

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4.2 Quotation for Hand pump Installation

The following quote was obtained for a hand pump from Karoi General Engineering, Stand 110 Industrial Road, Karoi on 25th November 2009.

Unit Total Nr Description Size Quantity Cost Cost Brass cylinder complete 1 with foot valve 50 mm 1 590 590 2 Pump Head Unit 1 590 590 Galvanised pipes 3 m 3 lengths 50 mm 15 56 840 4 Galvanised pipe sockets 50 mm 15 5 75 Pump rods complete with 5 sockets 3 m lengths 16 mm 15 22 330 6 Labour installation 205 to be 7 Mileage advised 8 Sundries 41 Total cost USD 2,671

Table 19 Quote for Hand Pump Installation

• Allow USD 3,000 per pump. This price is valid 14 days from 25 November. • It assumes that the well is clear and productive, • There is no VAT indicated. There is no mileage included.

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Photograph 12 Flamboyance Peri Urban REP 4 Hand Pump Stand

4.3 Cost Estimate for Pump Rehabilitation

Reference Title Action USD Estimate

REP 1 Chikangwe near Flea Market Repair & hand pump 3,000 Chiedza Prim & Sec School REP 9 Pump + diesel motor 6,000 Adjacent Reservoir

REP 8 Quarry Farm Repair & hand pump 6,000

REP 7 WELL Old Quarry Well Protect well + bucket or hand pump 1,000 REP 6 Harare Road Vehicle Depot Repair & hand pump 3,000 REP 5 Harare Road-old farm Repair & add hand pump 3,000 REP 4 Flamboyance Repair & hand pump 3,000

REP 3 Council Farm New Forest Repair + electric motor. 6,000

Council Farm REP 2 Repair + electric motor. 6,000 Chambatungwe

Estimate USD 37,000.00

Table 20 Cost Estimate for Pump Rehabilitation

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Section 5 Drilling of New Boreholes

Intervention 5 Alternative hand pump water supply is provided in 18 urban locations including the hospital, schools and prison. Submersible electric motor at hospital and prison

Intervention 6 Solar power submersible pumps for secure premises i.e. prison.

5.1 Location of New Boreholes

It is proposed a total of 18 sites for boreholes with hand pumps will be examined within the town to provided limited alternative supply for the extended periods of power outages or breakdowns thereby discouraging consumers from using the untreated water from the Karoi Lake or adjacent streams or breaking open the air valves in the raw water transmission main.

KTC staff has identified possible locations for the boreholes. It is likely many locations will not be viable as some locations are within residential areas sited at the top of hills. A study should be carried out to identify practical locations.

Nr Item Coordinates Elevation Budget Survey work in preparation to find viable locations USD 5,000 1 S16 48.113 Chikangwe Sec School E29 41.833 1239 m USD 13,000 2 Tambawadya Prim S16 48.205 School E29 41.844 1243 m USD 13,000 3 S16 48.325 Ward 1 Salaz E29 41.778 1251 m USD 13,000 4 S16 48.055 Ward 4 SDA E29 41.626 1231 m USD 13,000 5 S16 48.436 Ward 5 – 1 E29 41.427 1242 m USD 13,000 6 S16 48.523 Ward 5 – 2 E29 41.593 1253 m USD 13,000 7 S16 48.458 Chikangwe Prim School E29 41.719 1262 m USD 13,000 8 S16 48.302 Ward 2/3 Youth Centre E29 41.967 1242 m USD 13,000 9 S16 48.691 Ward 6-Small Gardens E29 41.737 1244 m USD 13,000 1 S16 49.142 Ward 10 Garikai E29 42.463 1250 m USD 13,000 11 S16 49.337 Ward 9 Usual E29 42.208 1267 m USD 13,000 12 S16 49.599 Tafara Prim School E29 42.633 1277 m USD 13,000 13 Ward 10 Watch Tower S16 49.434 1262 m USD 13,000

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Nr Item Coordinates Elevation Budget E29 42.843 14 S16 50.212 Ward 9 Dam E29 42.927 1275 m USD 13,000 15 S16 49.819 Karoi Prim School E29 40.858 1301 m USD 13,000 16 S16 49.213 Karoi Sec School E29 40.901 1287 m USD 13,000 17 S16 48.538 Karoi Prison E29 40.820 1257 m USD 20,000 18 S16 48.932 Karoi Dist Hosp E29 41.209 1282 m USD 20,000 Total USD 253,000

Table 21 Location of proposed boreholes and cost estimate

5.2 Cost Estimates

It is assumed the fitted cost to be USD 3,000 for each hand pump and USD 10,000 per each borehole dug with the exception of the two boreholes proposed at the Hospital and Prison where higher yields are required and a budget of USD 15,000 has been allowed with USD 5000 for the pump and controls.

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Section 6 Rain Water Harvesting

Intervention 7 Rain water harvesting introduced to high density areas. 1,000 stands approximately 6,000 people with hygiene education

6.1 Introduction

Rainwater collection is not a viable alternative long term supply in Zimbabwe unless there is massive collection surfaces and storage provided and this is normally designed and provided at the time the structure is constructed. Such storage and could be employed for use in government buildings, missions, hospitals etc. 8

6.2 Training

With rainwater harvesting there is its own additional hygiene problems and any such initiative requires training to prevent mosquitoes breeding and the use of the water for drinking without some form of treatment.

6.3 Proposed Storage Capacity

The provision of storage of 1 m3 is proposed as it is sufficient for a couple of day’s emergency supply and the water can be used for supplementary storage from the town supply when the town supply is functioning. It could be constructed out of widely available bricks and mortar or a number of barrels.

6.4 Method of Collection

It is proposed that canvas be draped over the building in those houses where grass is used for the roofing materials and a pole used to create the gutter.

Gutters should be fixed along the fascias of houses with roof tiles. It is proposed one gutter and tank per house.

8 KTC might like to consider changing their building codes for making this provision for rainwater harvesting at time of building construction.

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Photograph 13 Typical houses in High Density Areas

6.5 Gutters & Down Pipe Sizes

The following should be used9

Diameter of half round Capacity of half round Minimum diameter of down gutter in mm gutter l/sec pipe, mm 75 0..4 50 100 0.8 63 125 1.5 75 150 2.3 90

Table 22 Gutter Dimesnions and Capacitieis

Gutters should have a minimum fall of 10 mm per meter (1 in 100 or more)

6.6 Cost Estimate for Rain Water Harvesting

Size Number Cost item Total Collection Containers 1 m3 1,000 USD 100 USD 100,000 Canvas 7 m by 5 m 1,000 USD 10 USD 10,000 Gutter 10 m 1,000 USD 10 USD 10,000 Fixing per house 1,000 USD 15 USD 15,000 Hygiene Training 1,000 USD 5 USD 5,000 Erection 1,000 USD 50 USD 50,000 USD 180,000 Table 23 Cost Estimate for Rainwater Harvesting

9 From “Engineering in Emergencies” ITDG page 285 ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 41 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi

Section 7 Public Toilets Refurbishment and Construction

Intervention 10 Refurbishment of three public toilets in the Town and single toilet in Chiedza with hygiene education

Intervention 11 Completing and commissioning of a new public toilet in the CBA, with hygiene education

7.1 Public Toilet Use

Public toilets are staffed and cleaned when water is available and during daylight hours. No electricity and security means there is a tendency for fouling and vandalism after dark.

Photograph 14 Operator and Hand washing System Public Toilets

No mains water means the GOAL/UNICEF provided tanks function only when filled from the KTC’s water tanker.

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Photograph 15 Public Toilet Main Street In Need of Rehabilitation

7.2 Public Toilet Inspection

The three open public toilets had hand washing facilities that were being used when the inspection was carried out on 20th November 2009. A fourth toilet in Chiedza was abandoned when visited on 24th November 2009.

Photograph 16 Abandoned Public Toilet in Chiedza

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One additional public toilet was complete to slab level but abandoned when the KTC ran out of money

Item Description Unit No Unit rate Cost CARPENTRY Doors 2030 x 810 x 38 Exterior item 2 35 70 Doors 2030x 810x38 Interior item 3 35 105 Mortise lock 2 Lever item 3 20 60 Mortise lock 3 lever item 2 20 40 Door stay item 2 5 10 Wood screw 40 mm box 1 15 15 Roofing screws 150 mm c/w kg 3 25 75 Wire nails 75 mm kg 6 15 90 Wire nails 50 mm kg 4 10 40 Wire nails 100 mm kg 4 15 60 Wire nails 150 mm kg 3 15 45 Tying wire kg 5 10 50 Ac Endurites 2,7m item 12 25 300 Window panes 4 mm obscure m2 2.5 50 125 Reinforced rods 12 mm rods 5 12 60 6 m lengths Cover strips 6 m 38 x 10 mm strips 10 15 150 lengths Steel nails 50 mm kg 3 15 45 Turpentine 5 litres litres 5 1 5 Ceiling board 5 boards 6 40 240 m2 Rendering 38 x 38 mm 80 18 1440 Clout nail kg 5 10 50 Cornice 10 m 12 mm x 75 mm strips 5 10 50 Timber beams 114 mm x 38 m 10 20 200 6m lengths Purlins 6m 75 x 50 mm length 4 16 64 lengths SUB-TOTAL 3389 PLUMBING Toilet pan Ceramic 3 40 120 Cistern High level c/pack item 3 50 150 Pan collar 110 mm item 3 15 45

ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 44 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi IE Bands 92,50 x 110 mm item 3 20 60 IE Tee 92,50 x 110 mm item 2 20 40 Rodding Eye 110 mm item 1 30 30 Y - Junction 110 mm item 4 30 120 Two way valve 110 mm item 1 20 20 Bends 110 mm x 87,50 item 4 30 120 Pipes PVC x 110 mm item 8 60 480 Urinal 112m item 1 200 200 Galley traps 110 mm c/w Grating item 3 30 90 Brass stop cock 15 mm item 6 15 90 Lead (Flay 15 mm item 8 20 160 connector) Connections GI Tees 15 mm item 8 15 120 GI Elbows 15 mm item 12 10 120 Barrel and 15 mm item 16 8 128 nipple Socket union 20 mm item 4 15 60 Garden tap 15 mm item 2 15 30 Pillar taps 15 mm item 2 15 30 Holder bats item 4 20 80 Veranda bolts item 16 1 16 Solvent cement litres 2 3 6 Plumbers delight kg 1 4 4 Hacksaw blades item 6 8 48 GI Pipe 15 mm 6 m length length 5 45 225 PVC Pipe 50 mm length 8 80 640 IE PVC Bend 50 mm length 2 30 60 IE PVC Tees 50 mm item 30 0 Rubber P/Traps 40 mm item 2 8 16 Water hand item 2 40 80 basin SUB -TOTAL USD 3,388

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7.4 Cost of Refurbishment or Completion of Toilets

Bill Item Cost Cost refurbishment of existing toilets at USD 30,000 A USD 7,5000 each B Cost of completing Harris Street Toilet USD 6,777 D Contingencies USD 2,500 E Total USD 40,000

Table 24 Cost Estimate for Refurbishment of Toilets .

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7.5 Public Toilet Locations

Mains Mains Pipe Male Female Elect Open Hand Co-ords Comment Near work wash Very busy. In need of CBA Near BP Shell on S16 49.146 1 No yes yes 2 + u 4 No 24 hrs yes refurbishment. Highway E29 41.196 Near hospital S16 48.462 2nd adjacent toilet. On private Chikangwe Beer Hall No yes yes ? 4 No 24 hrs yes E29 41.758 land. Do not refurbish S16 48.414 2 Bus Terminus No yes no 8+u 6 No 24 hrs yes Busy E29 41.845 S16 48.205 In stadium. Locked. No Stadium ? ? ? ? ? ? matches ? E29 41.830 access. Do not refurbish S16 48.362 3 Salas Flea Market No yes yes 3+u 6 No 24 hrs yes Busy when visited E29 41.821 S16 49.355 Abandoned following 4 Chiedza-abandoned No yes ? ? ? ? abandoned No E29 42.348 vandalism Part completed Harris S16 49.227 Cost estimate to complete 5 No yes Toilet to be completed Street Toilet E29 41.005 below

Table 25 Public Toilet Locations

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Section 8 Provision of Spares

Interventions 12 Provision of essential spares and repair existing equipment for pumping and solid waste collection.

8.1 Solid Waste Collection

Correct management of the land fill site is not possible due to equipment failure. Areas once filled to level are not covered due to lack of plant

Collection of garbage was inadequate as one tractor and trailer was functioning instead of the required three.

Garbage falls from the side of the one trailer used to collect garbage as the side panels are missing.

8.2 Council Materials for General Operations

The following has been supplied by KTC detailing the spares and consumables needed to improve the effectiveness of the sanitation services

ITEM SIZE UNITQUANTITY RATE COST Pipes (PVC) sleeves 6 m 150 mm 800 1 length 160 128,000 2 Picks item 20 18 360 3 Shovels item 20 18 360 4 Cement x 50 kg bag 100 12 1,200 5 River sand - m³ 2 80 160 6 Pit sand - m³ 2 80 160 7 Concrete stones ¾ m³ 4 60 240 8 Bricks 1000 1000 4 50 200 9 Trowels item 4 15 60 10 Wooden float item 4 15 60 11 Ironing float item 4 18 72 12 Spirit levels item 4 45 180 13 Outside corner item 4 8 32 14 Inside corner item 4 8 32 15 Drain rods 6 mm sets 2 2400 4,800 16 Drain rods 8 mm sets 2 2000 4,000 17 Fuel diesel litres 1000 1 1,000

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ITEM SIZE UNITQUANTITY RATE COST Dumpy level machine and surveying item 1 18 accessories 3000 3,000 19 Labour force - 20 1,000 20 Slashers item item 20 5 100 Total 145,016

Table 26 KTC required spares and consumables

8.3 ZINWA Materials for General Operations

ZINWA requires materials for the correct operation of the sewage system in addition to that required for the WTP. Annex D lists out the ZINWA stated requirements and the figure required is USD 145,000.

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Section 9 Sewer Upgrades and Cleaning

Intervention 13 Upgrade of sewers where flow exceeds capacity. Clean sewers where blocked Upgrade of sewers where flow exceeds capacity.

9.1 Sewerage System Summary

The sewerage system comprises gravity fed pipes to primary treatment and discharge into two oxidation ponds from the three main residential areas

One of the two oxidation pond is not functioning due to lack of effluent. The functioning pond has surplus capacity and no intervention is thought to be necessary.

Photograph 17 Under Utilised Primary Sedimentation at Oxidation Ponds

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Photograph 18 Exit weir final oxidation pond showing surplus capacity and no through flow

The lateral sewers tend to be 150 mm and silt up in particular after prolonged water outages.

7 lateral sewers was inspected and found to be blocked and should be replaced with larger diameter pipes.

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Photograph 19 Blocked Sewer effluent running though houses

The council had replaced some laterals but they were never commissioned as the council ran out of money and the contractor abandoned the works.

9.2 Sewerage System Cost Estimates

Bill Item Cost A Water Pipes USD 66,100 B Sewer Pipes USD 259,800 C Valves USD 125 D Manholes USD 87,330 Stands Sewer Connection USD 20,668 E 5% F Other Materials USD 122,440 Sub Total USD 556,463

G Labour Cost 20% USD 111,293 Add Preliminary and 10% USD 55,646 H General I Add Supervision Fees 5% USD 27,823 TOTAL PROJECTED COST ESTIMATE USD 751,225

Table 27 Sewerage Improvements Cost Estimates

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Photograph 20 Gravity Fed Sewer pipe in need of Maintenance

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Section 10 Capacity Building within KTC & ZINWA Staff

10.1 Return of Control to Karoi Council from ZINWA

Capacity building within the Council will be required to ensure the functions are fully understood before formal transfer.

Drawings and plans are not available for the plant and should be returned from ZINWA or prepared where the drawings do not exist.

It is proposed a study is carried out to map the current institutional functions and the changes that would be required to effectively manage the WATSAN asset for Karoi.

A figure of USD 50,000 has been added to the budget

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Annex A Pumping capacity restored

Replace Blockley Dam Raw Water Pumps. A ITEM UNIT No RATE COST 1 KSB 80/26 pump (duty) item 2 2000 4,000 2 100 HP motor item 2 5000 10,000 3 KSB 80/26 pump (standby) item 1 2000 2,000 4 100 HP motor (standby) item 1 5000 5,000 5 Inspect pump controls item 1 1000 1,000 6 Repair pump house item 1 1000 1,000 7 pump controls and repair / replace item 1 1000 1,000 Total 24,000

Replace Karoi Dam Raw Water Pumps B ITEM UNIT No RATE COST Repair/joint 3 phase supply cable item 1 200 4,000 1 with suitable waterproof joint Replace KSB 100/200 pump (duty) item 2 2000 4,000 2 70 m3 /hr 3 Replace 40HP motor item 2 5000 10,000 4 Inspect pump controls item 1 200 200 5 Repair pump house fence etc item 1 1000 1,000 6 pump controls and repair / replace item 1 1000 1,000 Total 20,200

Replace pumps sets Town high level tanks. C ITEM UNIT No RATE COST Replace KSB Multi Stage 80/2 item 1 2000 2,000 1 pump (duty) 2 Replace 100HP motor item 1 5000 5,000 Replace KSB Multi Stage 80/2 item 1 2000 2,000 3 pump (standby) 4 Replace 100HP motor (standby) item 1 5000 5,000 5 Inspect pump controls item 1 200 200 6 pump controls and repair / replace item 1 1000 1,000 Total 15,200

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Replace pumps sets Chikangwe high level tanks. D ITEM UNIT No RATE COST Replace Stork Pump 80/160 pump item 1 2000 2,000 1 (duty) 65 m3 hr 2 Replace 40 HP motor item 1 5000 5,000 Replace Stork Pump 80/160 pump item 1 2000 2,000 3 standby 65 m3 hr 4 Replace 40 HP motor standby item 1 5000 5,000 5 Inspect pump controls item 1 200 200 6 pump controls and repair / replace item 1 1000 1,000 Total 15,200

Replace pumps sets Chiedza high level tanks. E ITEM UNIT No RATE COST Replace KSB 80/315 pump (duty) item 1 2000 2,000 1 100 m3 hr 2 Replace 100 HP motor item 1 5000 5,000 Replace KSB 80/315 pump 100 m3 item 1 2000 2,000 3 hr standby 4 Replace 100 HP motor item 1 5000 5,000 5 Inspect pump controls item 1 200 200 6 pump controls and repair / replace item 1 1000 1,000 Total 15,200 Valves & Meters F ITEM UNIT No RATE COST Replace Gate Valve Blockley item 1 250 250 1 Pumping Main 200 mm Replace Gate Valve Karoi Pumping item 1 250 250 2 Main 250 mm 3 Misc Fittings & Meters item 1 5000 5,000 Replace Non Return Valve Karoi item 1 250 250 3 Pumping Main 250 mm Total 5,750

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High Level Town standby G ITEM UNIT No RATE COST 1 5.5 hp KSB ETA 50-250 30 m3 hr item 1 1000 1,000 2 Motor item 1200 200 3 Starters item 2150 300 Total 12,750

High Level Chikangwe standby H ITEM UNIT No RATE COST 1 30 HP Stork Pump 80-160 CEN item 1 800 800 2 30 HP Motor item 1 500 500 Total 1,300

Filters, Beds & Dosing Equipment I ITEM UNIT No RATE COST 1 Chemical Dosing Item 500 2 1,000 2 Chemical Mixing Item 500 2 1,000 3 Lab Equipment Item 1 1000 1,000 4 4 mm hoist cable m 20 5 100 Filter nozzle replacement 400 per Item 1200 5 6,000 5 filter 6 Valves & Controls Misc Item 1 2500 2,500 7 Blower pumps Item 2 1000 2,000 8 Blower Motors Item 2 2500 5,000 9 Backwash Motors Item 2 1000 2,000 10 Backwash pumps Item 2 2500 5,000 11 Filter sand m3 60 200 12,000 Total 37,600

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Summary of Costs Bill Item Cost Replace Blockley Dam Raw Water USD A Pumps. 24,000 Replace Karoi Dam Raw Water Pumps USD B 20,200 Replace pumps sets Town high level USD C tanks. 15,200 Replace pumps sets Chikangwe high USD Sub Total D level tanks. 15,200 Replace pumps sets Chiedza high level USD 89,800 E tanks. 15,200 Valves & Meters USD F 5,750 High Level Town standby USD G 12,750 High Level Chikangwe standby USD Sub Total H 1,300 Filters, Beds & Dosing Equipment USD 57,400 I 37,600 Contingencies 25% USD I 36,800 TOTAL PROJECTED COST ESTIMATE USD

184,000

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Annex B Pump Spares and Equipment Details Valves Ref Item unit number rate total V1 250 mm Cast iron gate valve item 1 V2 150 mm Cast iron gate valve item 3 V3 100 mm Cast iron gate valve item 2 V4 15 mm Brass gate valves item 5 V5 15 mm take off pressure valves item 5

Bearings Pumps Ref Item unit number rate total BP 1 6307 KBS Bearing 100-200 pump item 4 BP 2 3310 Stork Pump 80-315 item 2 BP 3 NU 310 Stork Pump 80-315 item 2 DENU209KC3 KBS 80/2 multi BP 4 NU 209 stage item 2 BP 5 6305 item 2 BP 6 6306 item 2 BP 7 6409 item 2

Bearings Electric Motors Ref Item unit number rate total BM 1 6312 100 HP "None Drive End" item 4 BM 2 NU315C3 100 HP "Drive End" item 4 BM 3 6314 Drive end item 4 BM 4 6311 Non Drive End item 4

Chemical Feeders (Alum & Chorine Dosing) Ref item unit Number Rate total

Reimo Motor, Serial No XF03104, kW 18.14; CF 1 Frame DCK 80; Voltage 2 CAP 60-8020 V; Amp 2.2; RPM 1450; CAP 60-80; N&E Bearings 6802Z-6204Z item 2 500 1,000

Metering Pump Ref item unit Number Rate Total

MP 1 Model 1272-11-9210; Serial No 14168-9; item 2 MFG Mo 82333, Supplier Leeds & Northrop 500 1,000

Mixers Ref item unit Number Rate Total

Mix 1 Speariter for Chemicals, motor Remo, 220V; item 2 2.2 amps 500 1,000

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Filter Media Ref item unit Number Rate Total FM 1 Nozzles Air & Water Nozzles item unknown bag 50 FM 2 Sand Specification -13 + 12 Kg 3 x 600

Laboratory Ref item unit number Rate Total Lab 1 Flocculator item 1 250 250 Lab 2 pH meter 1 250 250 Lab 3 Balance 1 250 250 Lab 4 Turbidity meter 1 250 250 Lab 5 Beakers 500 ml item 10 10 100 Lab 6 Beakers 300 ml item 10 10 100 Lab 7 Test Tubes item 100 10 100 Lab 8 Comparator 2010 and disks item 1 250 250 Lab 9 pH 6.0-7.8 item 10 25C 250 Lab 10 Chlorine 0.1 to 1.0 item 10 251 250

Note. Costs of these items are included in figures found in Annex A. Items listed for reference

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A FILTERS ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST A PRICE ($US) 1 Z119 Item 8 15 120 2 G629 Item 20 20 400 3 Z95 Item 4 15 60 4 Z33 Item 4 15 60 5 Z248 Item 4 15 60 6 Z180 Item 4 15 60 7 PE 931260 (fuel) Item 4 25 100 8 PE 70114566 (hydraulic) Item 2 30 60 9 FS 1286 Item 10 30 300 10 FS 1206 Item 100 30 3,000 11 FS 1252 Item 10 30 300 12 WF 2075 Item 100 25 2,500 13 LF 3000 Item 10 20 200 14 HF 49076 Item 100 25 2,500 15 Z210 Item 100 15 1,500 16 Z130 Item 100 15 1,500 17 Z241 Item 100 15 1,500 18 FS 1206 Item 100 15 1,500 19 Z143 Item 100 15 1,500 20 Z95 Item 100 15 1,500 21 Z29/3 Item 100 15 1,500 Sub Total 20,220

B BATTERIES ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE

1 670/1 Item 4 150 600 2 650 Item 8 150 1,200 3 622 Item 10 100 1,000 4 652 Item 2 150 300 Sub Total 3,100

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C TYRES AND TUBES ITEM UNIT QUANTI UNIT COST($US) TY PRICE 1 14 – 24 (grader) Item 8 600 4,800 2 1000 – 20 Item 20 20 400 3 162 -20-5-25 Item 6 1500 9,000 Bucket Front end loader teeth 1 5000 5,000 4 repair Item Sub Total 19,200

D OILS ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 1 SAE 40 200 lts 3 600 1,800 2 SAE 90 200 lts 1 600 600 3 ATF 200 lts 1 700 700 4 Telus 200 lts 2 500 1,000 5 Hand Cleaner Kg 40 2 80 6 Multi-purpose grease Kg 100 10 1,000 7 Brake fluid Liters 50 5 250 8 Battery water Liters 50 3 150 9 Battery acid Liters 20 4 80 Sub Total 5,660

E FUEL ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 1 Diesel Liters 10000 1 10,000 2 Trolley Jack 20 tonne Item 1 2000 2,000 Sub Total 12,000

F GRADER BLADES ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 42 7 ft x 9 holes Item 8 1200 9,600 43 Welding Rods Kg 100 10 1,000 44 Helmat Item 3 65 195 45 Angle Grinder Item 1 150 150 46 Compressor Item 1 1000 1,000 47 Drill Item 3 100 300

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48 Bench Grinder Item 1 100 100 Sub Total 12,345

G BULBS ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 1 Double Contact Item 200 1 200 2 Single contact Item 200 1 200 3 Halogen Item 50 5 250 4 Mutton Cloth M 30 20 600 Sub Total 1,250

H PLUGS Item ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 1 Spark plugs Item 20 20 400 2 Heater plugs Item 16 70 1,120 3 Rubber solution Liters 10 20 200 TOTAL Item Sub Total 1,720

I MASSEY FERGUSON – 240 0 ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 1 Clutch Item 1 1000 1,000 2 14.00x24’ tubes and tyres Item 3 600 1,800 3 16.00’ tubes and tyres Item 2 150 300 4 Rear wheel studs 40 5 200 5 Radiator hoses 4 15 60 6 Exhaust & silencer 3 250 750 7 Clutch Rear Seal 1 10 10 4,120 J FORD ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 1 14.36’ tyres and tubes Item 3 900 2700 2 16.7.50’ tyres and tubes Item 3 200 600 3 Injector pump service Item 3 500 1500 4 Steering box Item 1 1000 1000 5800 K JOHN DEERE 3 TRACTORS

ZimAssRep Karoi v1.8.doc Page 63 of 70 17/12/2009 Assessment of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Systems in Karoi ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE 1 Turbo charger Item 6 120 720 2 Oils – engine oil LITRES 400 3 1200 3 Gear oil LITRES 400 3 1200 4 Wheel cylinders Item 12 30 360 5 Slave cylinder Item 18 25 450 6 Clutch (button pads) Item 6 300 1800 7 36x13/14 tubes and tyres Item 9 700 6300 8 16x7.50 tubes and tyres Item 9 200 1800 9 Cylinder head gasket Item 6 120 720 10 Stem seals Item 24 30 720 11 Lift pump Item 6 150 900 16170

L TRAILERS 3 Trailers ITEM UNIT No UNIT COST($US) PRICE Refurbishment of trailers/shutter 4 1000 4000 1 and floor board Item 2 Wheel bearings Item 30 20 600 3 Hydraulic pipes Item 16 10 160 4 Tubes and tyres 600x16 Item 12 150 1800 6560

M SAFETY EQUIPMENT 0 ITEM UNIT No UNIT PRICE COST($US) 1 Work suits Item 21 18 378 2 PVC Gloves Item 21 5 105 3 PVC long Gumboots Item 21 12 252 4 Safety shoes Item 21 35 735 5 Rain coats Item 21 15 315 6 Breathing apparatus face masks Item 50 9 450 7 Goggles Item 50 3 150 Sub Total 2,385

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Totals

A Filters USD 20,220 B Batteries USD 1,200 C Tyres and Tubes USD 19,200 D Oils USD 5,660 E Fuel USD 12,000 F Grader Blades USD 12,345 G Bulbs USD 1,250 H Plugs USD 0 I Massey Ferguson USD 4,120 J John Deere USD 16,170 K Ford USD 16,170 L Trailer USD 6,560 M Safety Equipment USD 2,385 Total USD 120,000

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ANNEX D Materials and Spares for ZINWA Operations

ITEM SIZE UNIT NO RATE COST COMMENT Pipes (PVC) sleeves 150 Mm 800 To upgrade tank liners and sub-liners 1 6 m length 160 128,000 2 Picks Item 20 18 360 For excavation of trench lines 3 Shovels Item 20 18 360 For excavation 4 Cement x 50 kg Bag 100 12 1,200 For manhole construction and renovations. 5 River sand - m³ 2 80 160 For manhole construction 6 Pit sand - m³ 2 80 160 ,, ,, 7 Concrete stones ¾ m³ 4 60 240 ,, ,, 8 Bricks 1000 1000 4 50 200 ,, ,, 9 Trowels Item 4 15 60 ,, ,, 10 Wooden float Item 4 15 60 ,, ,, 11 Ironing float Item 4 18 72 ,, ,, 12 Spirit levels Item 4 45 180 ,, ,, 13 Outside corner Item 4 832 ,, ,, 14 Inside corner Item 4 832 ,, ,, 15 Drain rods 6 mm Sets 2 2400 4,800 For blockage clearance 16 ,, ,, 8 mm Sets 2 2000 4,000 For blockage clearance 17 Fuel diesel Litres 1000 1 1,000 For transporting materials Dumpy level surveying Item 1 For correcting gradients machine and 18 accessories 3000 3,000 19 Labour force - 20 1,000 Trench excavation and pipe laying. 20 Slashers item Item 20 5 100 For grass cutting Total 145,016

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Annex E Upgrade of sewers where flow exceeds capacity.

CHIKANGWE WATER AND SEWER AUGMENTATION

WATER PIPES A ITEM SIZE UNIT QUANTITY RATE COST 75 mm AC P-Pipes Class 12 75 Mm 500 75 37,500 1 (2000m) 2 100 mm AC P-Pipes Class 6 100 Mm 148 100 14,800 150 mm AC P-Pipes Class 150 Mm 92 150 13,800 3 12 Total 66,100

SEWER PIPES B ITEM SIZE UNIT QUANTITY RATE COST 1 Sewer Pipes AC 250 Mm 3 180 540 2 Sewer Pipes AC 225 Mm 403 180 72,540 3 Sewer Pipes AC 200 Mm 1167 160 186,720 Total 259,800 VALVES C ITEM SIZE UNIT QUANTITY RATE COST 1 Valves 75 mm Gate valve 75 Mm 1 50 50 2 75 mm scour valve 75 Mm 1 75 75 Total 125

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MANHOLE D ITEM SIZE UNIT QUANTITY RATE COST 1 900x 600 Rings 284 100 28,400 2 900x300 Rings 142 75 10,650 3 900x150 Slabs 142 90 12,780 4 1050x600 Rings 144 80 11,520 5 1050x 300 Rings 72 60 4,320 6 1050x150 Slab 72 65 4,680 7 Lids 214 70 14,980 Total 87,330

Sewer stands connection – 51,960 E 5% of Cost of pipes

OTHER MATERIALS F ITEM SIZE UNIT No RATE COST 1 Cement bags 970 12 11,640 2 River sand – inc transport m³ 360 80 28,800 3 Stone - inc transport m³ 450 160 72,000 Blasting / breaking of rock in m³ 100 100 10,000 4 trenches Total 122,440

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Bill Item Cost A Water Pipes USD 66,100 B Sewer Pipes USD 259,800 C Valves USD 125 D Manholes USD 87,330 E Stands Sewer Connection 5% USD 20,668 F Other Materials USD 122,440 Sub Total USD 556,463

G Labour Cost 20% USD 111,293 H Add Preliminary and General 10% USD 55,646 I Add Supervision Fees 5% USD 27,823 TOTAL PROJECTED COST ESTIMATE USD 751,225

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Annex F List of People Met Karoi and Harare

Name Position Organisation Cell Note Mr Ngirazi As District Administrator Karoi Town Council

Mr Kaitano Town Clerk Karoi Town Council Mr Godfrey Musinga Maintenance Foreman ZINWA 011 958 871 064 6347 Mr H Nyakuritsika Superintendent ZINWA Mr Oswel Mayi Town Engineer KTC 0912434042 Mazvimbakupo 023699475 Mr Jimu Admirie As Town Engineer Karoi Town Council Mr Toma Chief Environmental MoHCW Health Officer Mr Kota Electrician ZINWA Mr Mukanduri President’s Office Mr Witness Rikonda Dep Superintendent ZINWA 0913458169 Mr Richard Peter Tembo Rockers Electrical 0912203603 011 566424 Mr George Nyahangare Acting Water Supply ZINWA HQ 0912 271570 Engineer Mr Maroro Marowa Acting Water Supply ZINWA HQ Manager Mr Mubvaruri Catchment Manager ZINWA HQ Mr Mostafa Sumanje Census Info 0913 267 607 Did not meet Mark Catchup IoM Mr Ben Henson UNICEF Mr Peter Morris Consultant to UNICEF UNICEF Mr Collen Mungania Manager GOAL Karoi 011 442 156 Mr John Mugavazi Karoi Town Council Mr Zamba Mechanic in Charge Karoi Town Council Mr R Gundu Electrician Karoi Hospital 0912 203 544 Miss Fussell Karoi General O912 887 175 Did not meet. Engineering (Mono Gave hand pump agent) pump quote Mr Douglas D Takawira Council Farm 2 Karoi Town Council

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