NEW INDIA GROUP Is proposing to setup a surfactant manufacturing facility in Chennai under the name and style of Detergeo Chem Private Limited
THE PROPOSED PRODUCTION OF LINEAR ALKYL BENZENE SULPHONIC ACID (LABSA) AT SIPCOT INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, KARUMBUKUPPAM VILLAGE, GUMMIDIPOONDI TALUK, TIRUVALLUR DISTRICT, TAMILNADU SCHEDULE 5(F) – Synthetic Organic & Chemical Industry CATEGORY ‘B’ EIA REPORT OCTOBER 2018
Prepared by
EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
COMPLIANCE OF THE TERMS OF REFERENCE S.No ToR Compliance A STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 Executive Summary 2 Introduction Chapter 1, page no 28 of EIA Report. 1 Details of the EIA Consultant including Chapter 11, page no.171 of EIA Report. NABET accreditation 2 Information about the project proponent Chapter 1, Section 1.3, page no. 29 of EIA Report. 3 Importance and benefits of the project Chapter 2, Section 2.2, page no. 32 of EIA Report. 3 Project Description Chapter 2, page no. 32 of EIA Report. 1 Cost of project and time of completion. Chapter 2, Section 2.14, page no. 59 of EIA Report. 2 Products with capacities for the Chapter 2, Table 2.4, page no. 42 of EIA proposed project. Report. 3 If expansion project, details of existing This is proposed new project. The total products with capacities and whether land available under the ownership of adequate land is available for expansion, Detergeo Chem Private Limited New reference of earlier EC if any. India Group. 4 List of raw materials required and their Chapter 2, Table 2.3, page no. 42 of EIA source along with mode of Report. transportation. 5 Other chemicals and materials required Chapter 2, Table 2.3, page no. 42 of EIA with quantities and storage capacities Report. 6 Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous Chapter 4, page no. 106 of EIA Report. waste generation and their management. 7 Requirement of water, power, with Chapter 2, Section 2.9 - 2.11, page no. 54- source of supply, status of approval, 56 of EIA Report. water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract) 8 Process description along with major Chapter 2.5, page no. 43 of EIA Report. equipments and machineries, process flow sheet (Quantitative) from raw material to products to be provided 9 Hazard identification and details of Chapter 7, page no. 128 of EIA Report. proposed safety systems. 10 Expansion/modernization proposal
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
a Copy of all the Environmental This is new proposed project clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MoEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environmental and Forest as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of Consent to Operate for the ongoing existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report. b In case the existing project has not This is new proposed project obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted. 4 Site Details 1 Location of the project site covering Chapter 2, Section 2.3, page no. 32 of EIA village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Report. Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered. 2 A Topo sheet of the study area of radius Chapter 2, Figure -2.4, page no. 36 of EIA of 10 km and site location on Report. 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (Including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places).
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
3 Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection Chapter 2, section -2.2.4, page no. 39 of of site. EIA Report. 4 Co-ordinates (lat.-long.) of all four 13°24'46.92"N 80° 6'46.90"E corners of the site. 13°24'48.20"N 80° 6'47.28"E 13°24'48.91"N 80° 6'44.10"E 13°24'47.68"N 80° 6'43.56"E 5 Google map Earth downloaded of the Chapter 2, Figure 2.1, page no. 33 of EIA project site. Report. 6 Layout maps indicating existing unit as Chapter 2, Figure 2-7, page no. 41 of EIA well as proposed unit indicating storage Report. area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area / Estate / Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area / Estate. 7 Photographs of the proposed and Photographs of the proposed plant site is existing (if applicable) plant site. If shown in Figure 2-6, page no. 38 of EIA existing, show photographs of plantation Report. / greenbelt, in particular. 8 Land use break-up of total land of the Chapter 2, Table 2.2, page no. 40 of EIA project site (identified and acquired), Report. The total land available under the government/ private – agricultural, ownership of Detergeo Chem Private forest, wasteland, water bodies, Limited a group company of New India settlements, etc., shall be included (not Group. required for industrial area). 9 A list of major industries with name and Chapter 3, Section 3.16, page no.103 of type within study area (10km radius) EIA Report. shall be incorporated. Land us of the study area. 10 Geological features and Geo- Chapter 3, Section 3.5 & 3.7, page no.66 hydrological status of the study area of EIA Report. shall be included. 11 Details of Drainage of the project up to 5 Chapter 3, Section 3.4 & Figure 3.2, page km radius of the study area. If the site is no.65 of EIA Report. within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) 12 Status of acquisition of land. If The total land available under the acquisition is not complete, stage of the ownership Detergeo Chem Private acquisition process and expected time of Limited a group company of New India complete possession of the land. Group.so no land acquisition will be occur. 13 R&R details in respect of land in line with Not Applicable state Government policy. 5 Forest and Wildlife related issues (if applicable) 1 Permission and approval for the use of Not Applicable as no forest land is involved forestland (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department.(if applicable) 2 Land use map based on High resolution Not Applicable as no forest land is involved satellite imagery (OPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha) 3 Status of Application submitted for Not Applicable as no forest land is involved obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. 4 The projects to be located within 10 km There are no National Parks, Sanctuaries, of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, and Migratory Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals within 10 km Corridors of Wild Animals, the project radius of the project site. proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-a-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon. 5 Wildlife Conservation Plan duly Not Applicable. Since, No schedule I fauna authenticated by the Chief Wildlife is present in the study area Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
6 Copy of application submitted for Not Applicable clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife. 6 Environmental Status 1 Determination of atmospheric inversion Chapter 3, section 3.3.2, page no.36 of level at the project site and site-specific EIA Report. micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed & direction and rainfall 2 AAQ data (except monsoon at 8 locations Chapter 3, Table 3.5, page no. 47 of EIA for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other Report. parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. 3 Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 Chapter 3, Table 3.7, page no. 75 of EIA weeks of all stations as per frequency Report. given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. 4 Surface water quality of nearby River Chapter 3, Section 3.11, page no. 83 of (100m upstream and downstream of EIA Report. discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB / MoEF &CC guidelines. 5 Whether the site falls near to polluted No, the site does not fall near to polluted stretch of river identified by the stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF &CC, if yes give details. CPCB/MoEFCC 6 Ground water monitoring at minimum at Chapter 3, Table 3.11, page no. 83 of EIA 8 locations shall be included Report. 7 Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations Chapter 3, Table 3.8, page no. 78 of EIA within the study area. Report.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
8 Soil Characteristic as per CPCB Chapter 3, Table 3.14, page no. 92 of EIA guidelines Report. 9 Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, Chapter 4, Section 4.4, page no. 122 of frequency of vehicles for transportation EIA Report. of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc. 10 Detailed description of flora and fauna Chapter 3, Section 3.14, page no. 94 of (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the EIA Report. study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. 11 Socio-economic status of the study area. Chapter 3, Section 3.15, page no. 99 of EIA Report. 7 Impact and Environment Management Plan 1 Assessment of ground level Enclosed as Annexure VI with EIA concentration of pollutants from the report. stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any 2 Water Quality modelling in case of No Waste water or Treated water will be discharge in to water body discharge in to water body.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
3 Impact of the transport of the raw Transport of the raw materials and end materials and end products on the products will be through contracted surrounding environment shall be vehicle only, Detergeo Chem Private assessed and provided. In this regard, Limited. Owned vehicles will not be used. options for transport of raw materials The raw materials & product will be and finished products and wastes (large conveniently transporters by this road. quantities) by rail or rail-cum road All the transporters will be taking care of transport or conveyor cum-rail their driver’s health requirements. transport shall be examined. Required transport License and insurance will be available with Detergeo Chem Private Limited.
4 A note on treatment of waste water from Chapter 4, Section 4.2.3.2.1, page no. 115 different plant operates, extent recycle of EIA Report. and reuse for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E (P) Rules. 5 Details of stack emission and action plan Chapter 2, Section 2.12, page no. 57 & for control of emissions to meet Chapter 4, section 4.2.2.1, page no. 108 of standards. EIA Report. 6 Measures for fugitive emission control Chapter 4, Section 4.2.2, page no. 113 of EIA Report. 7 Details of hazardous waste generation Chapter 4, Section 4.2.4, page no. 120 of and their storage, utilization and EIA Report. management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of waste• minimization, recycle / reuse / recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation. 8 Proper utilization of fly ash shall be Not Applicable ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. 9 Action plan for the green belt Chapter 9, Section 9.3, page no. 163 of development plan in 33 % area i.e. land EIA Report.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. 10 Action plan for rainwater harvesting 9 Nos. of percolation pits will be measures at plant site shall be submitted constructed along the periphery of the to harvest rainwater from the roof tops plant for ground water recharge. Storm and storm water drains to recharge the water drains will be provided along the ground water and also to use for the factory to ensure that this is totally various activities at the project site to separated from process effluent. This will conserve fresh water and reduce the be minimize runoff of the contaminated water requirement from other sources. water to the land surrounding the site. Chapter 9, section 9.1.4, page no 156 of EIA Report.
11 Total capital cost and recurring cost / Chapter 9, Table 9.5, page no.168 of EIA annum for environmental pollution Report. control measures shall be included. 12 Action plan for post-project Chapter 6, Section 6.3, page no. 126 of environmental monitoring shall be EIA Report. submitted. 13 Onsite and Offsite Disaster (nature and Chapter 7, page no.128 of EIA Report. Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8 Occupational health 1 Plan and fund allocation to ensure the Chapter 9, Section 9.2, page no.157 of EIA occupational health & safety of all Report. contract and casual workers 2 Details of exposure specific health status Chapter 9, Section 9.2, page no.157 of EIA evaluation of worker. If the workers' is Report. being evaluated by pre-designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Ear & Near vision, colour
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
vision and any other ocular) EDG, during pre-placement and periodical examinations given the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameter as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. 3 Details of existing Occupational & Safety Chapter 9, Section 9.2, page no.157 of EIA Hazards. What are the exposure levels of Report. hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved, 4 Annual report of health status of This is proposed new plant. workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety. 9 Corporate Environment Policy 1 Does the company have a well laid down Chapter 9, Section 9.2.2, page no.160 of Environment Policy approved by its EIA Report. Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report. 2 Does the Environment Policy prescribe Chapter 9, Section 9.4, page no.165 of EIA for standard operating process I Report. procedures to bring into focus any infringement I deviation I violation of the environmental or forest norms I conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA. 3 What is the hierarchical system or Chapter 9, Section 9.4, page no.165 of EIA Administrative order of the company to Report. deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given. 4 Does the company have system of Chapter 9, Section 9.4, page no.165 of EIA reporting of non-compliances / Report. violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large?
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report 10 Details regarding infrastructure facilities This is proposed project. So such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be infrastructure facilities will be provided. provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operational phase. 11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) 1 Adequate funds (at least 2.5% of the The proposed CSR activities are shown in Project cost) shall be earmarked towards Chapter 8, Section 8.2.3, and page no. 152 the Enterprise Social Commitment based of EIA report. on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. 12 Any litigation pending against the project No such issue is involved and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, is so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. 13 A tabular chart with index for point wise Point wise compliance of TOR is enclosed compliance of above TOR. in the beginning of the EIA Report B SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 Details on solvents to be used, measures for Not Applicable solvent recovery and for emissions control. 2 Details of process emissions from the Chapter 4, Section 4.2.2.1, page no. 108 of proposed unit and its arrangement to control. EIA Report. 3 Ambient air quality data should include Chapter 3, Table 3.7, page no. 75 of EIA VOC, other process-specific pollutants* like Report. NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*,etc.,(*- as applicable) 4 Work zone monitoring arrangements for Chapter 4, Section 4.2, page no. 108 of hazardous chemicals. EIA Report.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
5 Detailed effluent treatment scheme including Enclosed as Annexure V with EIA report. segregation of effluent streams for units adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge. 6 Action plan for odour control to be submitted odour control systems proposed for the Sulphonation plant will be Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) and Alkali Scrubber 7 A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding Not Applicable signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid / hazardous waste generated. 8 Authorization / Membership for the disposal Under process of liquid effluent in CETP and solid / hazardous waste in TSDF, if any. 9 Action plan for utilization of MEE/dryers Not Applicable salts. 10 Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Enclosed as Annexure IV with EIA Chemicals are being used/will be used. report. 11 Authorization/Membership for the disposal Under process of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF 12 Details of incinerator if to be installed. Not Applicable 13 Risk assessment for storage and handling of Chapter 7, page no.128 of EIA Report hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated. 14 Arrangements for ensuring health and safety Chapter 9, Section 9.2.1, page no. 157 of of workers engaged in handling of toxic EIA Report. materials
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. Introduction The proponent, M/s Detergeo Chem Private Limited is proposing to set up a surfactant manufacturing facility for production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LABSA) and other alternative surfactants (AOS, SLS and SLES) at Plot No.F-52, SIPCOT, Gummidipoondi, Chennai (India) by New India Group (NIG), New Delhi. The project falls under Schedule 5(f) “Synthetic organic chemicals industry” under Category “B” as per EIA Notification 2006. The facility requires prior Environmental Clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Tamil Nadu before commencing onsite activities. In absence of the SEIAA, Tamil Nadu, we submitted the Form I & PFR to the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MOEF-CC) for grant of Terms of Reference and obtained TOR from MOEF&CC. This proposal has been submitted for obtaining Environmental Clearance for production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid. II. Importance of the Project With the increase in the population and usage of soaps and detergents by the people, its market has good prospective and bright future. So, we need a raw material from which the soaps and detergents could be made instantly and easily. Acid slurry is one such material, could be made from the soaps and liquid detergents. Demand of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LABSA) is always there in domestic market and as well as in global market for FMCG industry. To meet the current market demand, New India Group has planned to set up a new manufacturing unit Detergeo Chem Pvt. Ltd. intended for the production of LABSA and other alternative surfactants (AOS, SLS and SLES) at Plot No.F- 52, SIPCOT, Gummidipoondi, Thiruvallur (India). III. Magnitude of Operation Raw material and Production capacities of the products, have been detailed below
List of Raw Materials & Source
Quantity in S. Name Of Raw Number of Mode of TPD (ANY Sources of Raw materials No Materials Trucks/Day Transport ONE OR MIX)
Tamil Nadu Petro products, 1 Linear Alkyl Benzene 90 4/ Day SS/MS Tanker Manali.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Imported from 20/40 feet 2 Alpha Olefin 90 4 USA/Singapore container Imported from 3 Lauryl Ether 90 4 Road Malaysia/Indonesia Imported from 20/40 feet 4 Lauryl Alcohol 90 4 Malaysia/Indonesia containers Sree Rayalseema 5 Sulfuric Acid 98% 10 1/2days MS Tanker /Tanfac Cuddalore Chemfab Alkalis, 6 Caustic Soda Liquid 10 1 MS Tanker Pondicherry 7 Sulfur 13 CPCL, Reliance Jamnagar 1 Trailer Note: Only one item will be received at a time from item number 1 to 4 per day. For Item number 6 to 7 truck will be received on alternate day basis. List of Raw Materials & Products and Their Storage Capacities
Physical Type of Capacity of S. No. Description No. Form Storage storage,MT
➢ Raw Materials
1 Linear Alkyl Benzene Liquid MS Tank 100 3
2 Alpha Olefin Liquid SS Tank 50 1
3 Lauryl Ether Liquid SS Tank 50 1
4 Lauryl Alcohol Liquid SS Tank 50 1
5 Sulfuric Acid Liquid MS Tank 20 1 6 Caustic Soda Liquid Liquid MS Tank 20 1 7 Sulfur Solid Closed Yard 50 1 8 High Speed Diesel Liquid MS Tank 13 1 ➢ Products 1 LABSA 96% Liquid MS Tank 100 2 2 AOS 38% Liquid SS Tank 50 1 3 SLES 28% Liquid SS Tank 50 1 4 SLS 28% Liquid SS Tank 50 1 5 LABSA 90% Liquid MS Tank 50 1
IV. Baseline Environmental Status It is necessary to know the present quality of the environmental with respect to the various aspects considered under impact identification. These factors include air, water, noise, soil, meteorology, land-use, flora & fauna, socio-economic and demographic
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
pattern. For this purpose, Baseline Monitoring for the project was carried out for a period of three months from June 2018 to August 2018 to generate baseline environmental data.
V. Baseline Study:
A. Wind Speed & Direction
It was observed that predominant wind direction during the study period (June, July and August, 2018) was from west direction and average wind speed during the study period was 5.45m/s. The wind rose diagram during study period is given below:
Wind rose diagram in the study period (June-August 2018)
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
B. Air Environment
A field monitoring survey was undertaken to establish the baseline status of air quality environment in the impact zone. Nine Ambient air quality monitoring stations were selected.
PM10: The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM10 were recorded as 65.4 g/m3 and 31.6 g/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average concentrations were ranged between 35.4 and 58.1g/m3.
PM2.5: The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM2.5 were recorded as 36.4 g/m3 and 15.1 g/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 17.7 and 31.5g/m3.
SO2: The maximum and minimum SO2 concentrations were recorded as 11.6 g/m3 and 5.11 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Senganyam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 5.45 and 9.32 g/m3.
NOx: The maximum and minimum NOx concentrations were recorded as 21.4g/m3 and 8.62 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 9.83 and 17.2g/m3.
O3: The maximum and minimum O3 concentrations were recorded as 15.7 and 5.64g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 7.10 and 14.1g/m3.
CO: The maximum and minimum CO concentrations were recorded as 0.36 and BDL<0.1 mg/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at all the locations except project site and kavaraipettai.
The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx, are observed to be well within the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Rural, Residential and Other area. All the values of NH3, heavy metals (Pb, Ar, Ni & Hg), Benzene and BaP, VOCs were found to be below detection limits.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
C. Water Environment
There are two types of water source in the study area. The physicochemical characteristics of water in the study area are compared with the standard and Data Analysis results are given below Ground Water
The analysis of ground water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 6.86- 7.52, TDS ranges from 263 mg/l - 1096 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 130 mg/l - 490 mg/l, iron content ranges from BDL(<0.05) – 0.21mg/l, nitrate content ranges from BDL(<1) – 24 mg/l was observed.
Surface Water
The analysis of Surface water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 6.41 – 7.89, TDS ranges from 292 mg/l - 1297 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 140 mg/l - 330 mg/l, DO ranges from 3.6 mg/l -5.8 mg/l was observed.
D. Noise Environment Noise levels were monitored at 8 ambient air quality locations in and around the proposed project site. Noise readings were taken for daytime as well as night time. Daytime Noise Levels
Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range 44.9 to 53.8 dB (A). The maximum noise level was observed to be 53.8dB (A) at Project Site and a minimum of 44.9 dB (A) was observed at Equvarpalayam.
Night time Noise Levels Noise levels observed to fall in the range 34.7 to 44.7 dB (A) during the night time. A maximum of 44.7 dB (A) was observed at Project Site and a minimum of 34.7 dB (A) was observed at Equvarpalayam. Measured noise levels are observed to be in compliance with prescribed standards for ambient noise for the respective applicable categories.
E. Soil Environment
In order to assess the baseline status of soil quality of the project site and neighborhood, eight sampling locations were selected. At each location, samples were collected using augers and analyzed for nutrient and engineering parameters. The observation of Soil analysis are given below:
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Observation
The soil results were compared with soil standards. It has been observed that the pH of the soil was ranging from 7.18 to 8.13 indicating the soils are basic in nature. Conductivity of the soil ranges from 0.067 to 0.214 mS/cm. Since the EC value is less than 2000 µS/cm, the soil is said to be Non saline in nature. Texture of the soil sample is predominantly sandy clay. Soil organic content varied from 0.83 to 1.63% which indicates the very low level of organic matter. The available nitrogen content ranges between 271 to 463 kg/ha in the locality and the value of phosphorus content varies between 25.7 to 60.6 kg/ha. This indicates that the soil have very high quantities of Nitrogen and Phosphorus. The potassium content varies from 198 to 384 kg/ha which indicates that the soils have high quantities of potassium.
From the above observations it was found that the soil in the Study area shows moderate fertility.
VI. Land Use: The Land use classification of the study area is given in below Table Details Area (Ha.) % Forests 19736.01 5.8 Barren & Un-Cultivable Land 13636.12 4 Lands put to Non-Agricultural Uses 108401.29 31.7 Cultivable Waste Land 7734.88 2.3 Permanent pastures & Grazing Lands 8120.9 2.4 Misc. tree crops & Groves not included in the 7568.96 2.2 net area sown Current fallow Lands 32017.03 9.4 Other fallow Lands 38885.79 11.4 Net area sown 106137.81 30.8 Geographical Area 342243 100 Area Sown more than once 21326.55 Gross area sown 127464.37 Cropping Intensity 1.02
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
The land is located at SIPCOT Industrial Area, Gummidipoondi. Therefore, no impact is anticipated on the land use of the area during construction and operation phases.
VII. Ecology and Biodiversity: In the present study, higher taxa (trees, small trees, shrubs, under shrubs, climbers and grasses) and fauna (mammals, birds and reptiles) are covered for impact assessment purpose. It is needless to emphasize that living system is extremely complicated. They are directly affected by changes in the physical environment but may often either adapt or avoid the adverse environment. Ecological studies were conducted to assess the existing floral and faunal occurrence of the area. The site is located close outer area of city, wild animals are rare due to anthropogenic activities in the study area.
VIII. Socio Economic: As the area is Located in Gummidipoondi town, the skilled people from the town will be available to work here. So, there will be no major change of local occupational scenario, though the proposed project will increase the direct and indirect jobs and other economic opportunities. There will be some development of secondary service market, which will be beneficial to the local economy
IX. Biological Environment The proposed project will not have any impact of terrestrial ecology of the area. In addition to that, Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG decided to develop the greenbelt by planting native species to maintain the good environment.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
X. Alternative sites Alternate site is not required as the proposed plant is coming up within the Detergeo Chem Private Limited premises.
XI. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures The proposed project activities would create impact on the environment only during operation phase. Hence, the anticipated impacts and mitigation measures are only discussed for the operation phase. Air Environment: During operation phase, intermittent gaseous emissions are anticipated from Reactors, Spray Dryer, Boiler & DG sets which will be operate with adequate APC measures and stack of sufficient height as per CPCB guidelines to achieve natural dispersion of pollutants. Fugitive emission sources like Chemical storages, Chemical transfer/charging from drums, Process reactor vent and Laboratory testing are equipped with proper system to avoid the impact on air environment. Therefore, during operation phase the impacts on the ambient air quality will be within CPCB/MoEFCC/TNPCB norms.
Noise Environment: DG sets will be intermittent source of noise generation and will be operated only during grid power failure. Noise levels from plant will not reach its boundary as dense green belt will be developed around the plant, which will work as an effective noise barrier. DG sets room will be acoustically treated to control noise levels as per CPCB guidelines. Ear muff and ear plugs will be provided to operators while working at high noise areas. Water Environment: During operation phase the total water requirement 155 KLD is met by SIPCOT or private tankers, hence there will not be any impact on the ground water aquifers and surface water bodies. Sewage generated during operation will be send to septic tank and soak pit. The plant is having a zero discharge and is successfully recycling the water back to plant use since inception after treated in ETP. Impact on Soil: Due to proposed activities, solid and hazardous waste will be generated and it will be stored safely and handed over to State Pollution Control Board approved recyclers, landfill – TSDF.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
XII. Environmental Monitoring Program During the execution of the project activity, the sampling and analysis of the various environmental attributes will be carried out as per the guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board / Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB).
XIII. Additional Studies – Risk Assessment Onsite emergency preparedness plan and Offsite emergency plan will be proposed and linked with SIPCOT Industrial Area, Gummidipoondi - Disaster Management Plant. Emergency plan for this plant will be prepared based on the consequence of RISK analysis.
XIV. Project Benefits
This project will help in meeting the demand in export and national market supply of leather chemicals, construction chemicals and agro & other intermediates also to the ever growing market, thereby supporting the growth of the nation. Company will contribute in improving education, health facilities and quality of life of people in the nearby area in the form of CSR Activities. During Construction Phase and Operation Phase of the plant may give rise to temporary and permanent jobs to the local people, thereby improving the socio economic conditions of the area.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Contents
INTRODUCTION ...... 28 1.1 Purpose of the report ...... 28 1.2 Identification of Project ...... 28 1.3 Identification of Project Proponent ...... 29 1.4 Brief Description of Proposed Project ...... 29 1.5 Approach Methodology ...... 29 1.6 Structure of EIA Report ...... 30 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 32 2.1 Type of Project ...... 32 2.2 Need for the Project ...... 32 2.3 Site Characteristics...... 32 2.3.1 Location ...... 32 2.3.2 Connectivity ...... 35 2.3.3 Environmental Settings ...... 35 2.3.4 Site Selection ...... 39 2.4 Magnitude of Operation ...... 42 2.5 Description of Process ...... 43 2.6 Process Reactions...... 45 2.8 Infrastructure Proposed at the Facility ...... 50 2.8.1 Equipments Proposed...... 50 2.8.2 Reactor Vessel Specifications ...... 53 2.8.3 Scrubber Specifications ...... 54 2.8.4 Boiler Specifications ...... 54 2.9 Power& Back-Up Power Requirement ...... 54 2.10 Manpower Requirement...... 55 2.11 Water Requirement ...... 55 2.12 Pollution Control Measures ...... 57 2.12.1 Air (Emissions) ...... 57 2.12.2 Possible Fugitive Emission Sources: ...... 57 2.13 Waste generation ...... 57 2.13.1 Waste Water Generation Details & Management ...... 57 2.13.2 Solid Waste (Hazardous & Non-hazardous wastes) ...... 58 2.14 Project Cost ...... 59 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ...... 60 3.1 Introduction ...... 60 3.2 Scope of Baseline Study ...... 60 3.3 Meteorology ...... 63 3.3.1 Micro meteorological data ...... 63 3.3.2 Micro meteorology at site ...... 63 3.3.3 Temperature ...... 64 3.3.4 Rainfall & Climate ...... 65 3.4 Physiography and Drainage ...... 65
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3.5 Geomorphology ...... 66 3.6 Soil Types ...... 66 3.7 Ground Water Scenario...... 67 3.7.1 Hydrogeology ...... 67 3.8 Land Use ...... 68 3.9 Seismo Tectonic Appraisal ...... 69 3.10 Air Environment ...... 70 3.10.1 Selection of Sampling Locations ...... 70 3.10.2 Instruments used for Sampling ...... 72 3.10.3 Sampling and Analytical Techniques ...... 72 3.10.4 Results ...... 74 3.10.5 Observation ...... 77 3.11 Noise Environment ...... 78 3.11.1 Identification of Sampling Locations...... 78 3.11.2 Instrument used for Sampling ...... 79 3.11.3 Method of Monitoring...... 79 3.11.4 Results ...... 81 3.11.5 Observations ...... 81 3.12 Water Environment ...... 82 3.12.1 Sampling Locations ...... 82 3.12.2 Results ...... 84 3.12.3 Observations ...... 90 3.13 Soil Environment ...... 90 3.13.1 Soil analysis ...... 90 3.13.2 Presentation of Results ...... 91 3.13.3 Observation ...... 93 3.14 Ecological Environment...... 94 3.14.1 Objectives of Ecological Studies ...... 94 3.14.2 Methodology Adopted for the Study ...... 94 3.14.3 Flora in the Study Area ...... 94 3.14.4 Fauna in the study area ...... 96 3.14.5 Environmental Sensitivity ...... 97 3.15 Socio-Economic Environment ...... 99 3.15.1 Methodology ...... 100 3.15.2 Sources of Information ...... 100 3.15.3 Settlement Pattern ...... 100 3.16 Availability of Infrastructure ...... 103 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 106 4.1 Introduction ...... 106 4.2 Identification of Impacts ...... 107 4.2.1 Impact on Topography ...... 107
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4.2.1 Impact on Air Environment...... 107 4.2.2 Impact on Noise Environment...... 113 4.2.3 Impact on Water Environment ...... 114 4.2.4 Impact on Soil ...... 120 4.2.5 Land Use Pattern ...... 121 4.2.6 Biological Environment ...... 121 4.2.7 Impact on Forest & Wild Life ...... 121 4.2.8 Impact on Aquatic Ecology ...... 122 4.3 Socio-Economic Environment ...... 122 4.4 Traffic Study ...... 122 4.5 Conclusion ...... 122 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ...... 123 5.1 Introduction ...... 123 5.2 Infrastructure Availability at Present Site ...... 123 5.2.1 Land Use ...... 123 5.2.2 Site Connectivity ...... 123 5.2.3 Water Source ...... 123 5.2.4 Power Source...... 123 5.2.5 Green Belt ...... 124 5.3 Environmental Aspects ...... 124 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 125 6.1 General ...... 125 6.2 Objectives of Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 125 6.3 Suggested Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 126 6.4 Data Analysis ...... 127 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 128 7.1 General ...... 128 7.2 Risk Analysis ...... 128 7.3 SAFETY AND FIRE FIGHTING PLANING ...... 128 7.3.1 Safety Measures in Storage Facilities ...... 128 7.4 Risk Mitigation Measures to be adopted at Sulphonation Plant ...... 129 7.4.1 Hazard Control Measures ...... 129 7.4.2 Spillages, Leakages: Controls ...... 130 7.5 Risk Reduction Measures ...... 131 7.6 Disaster Management Plan ...... 132 7.6.1 Emergencies ...... 132 7.7 Emergency Organization...... 133 7.8 Emergency Communication ...... 133 7.9 Onsite Emergency Preparedness and Response for Accidents ...... 134 7.9.1 Emergency Actions ...... 139 7.10 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN ...... 141 PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 149 8.1 Benefits ...... 149
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8.1.1 Employment Potential ...... 149 8.2.1 Social Impact Assessment ...... 150 8.2.2 Socio Economic Development Activities ...... 151 8.3 Corporate Environment Responsibility...... 152 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 153 9.1 Environmental Management Plan During Operation Phase ...... 153 9.1.1 Air Quality Management Plan ...... 154 9.1.2 Noise Management Plan ...... 154 9.1.3 Water and Waste Water Management ...... 154 9.1.4 Rainwater Harvesting Pits...... 155 9.1.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Disposal Management ...... 157 9.2 Occupational Health and Safety...... 157 9.2.1 Occupational Health ...... 157 9.2.2 Safety Plan ...... 159 9.2.3 Safety Organization...... 160 9.2.4 Safety Circle ...... 161 9.2.5 Safety Training ...... 161 9.2.6 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan ...... 162 9.2.7 Medical Surveillance ...... 162 9.2.8 Employees Training Programme ...... 162 9.2.9 List of Test for Working Employees ...... 162 9.2.10 Medical Examination ...... 162 9.3 Development of Green Belt ...... 163 9.3.1 Greenbelt Development Plan ...... 163 9.3.2 Design of Green Belt ...... 163 9.3.3 Recommended Species in the Greenbelt Area ...... 164 9.4 Environment Management System ...... 165 9.5 Environmental Management Plan Budget ...... 167 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ...... 169 10.1 Introduction ...... 169 10.2 Explanation on Environmental Mitigation...... 169 10.3 Conclusion ...... 170 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ...... 171 11.1 Introduction ...... 171 11.2 Services of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited ...... 172 11.3 Study Team ...... 174
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Table 2-1 Environmental Settings of Project Site ...... 39 Table 2-2 Land use breakup ...... 40 Table 2-3 List of Raw Materials & Source ...... 42 Table 2-4 List of Raw Materials & Products and Their Storage Capacities ...... 42 Table 2-5 List of Equipments ...... 53 Table 2-6 Reactor Vessel Specifications ...... 53 Table 2-7 Scrubber Specifications ...... 54 Table 2-8 Boiler Specifications...... 54 Table 2-9 Details on D.G set ...... 55 Table 2-10 Manpower Details ...... 55 Table 2-11 Water Balance Table ...... 56 Table 2-12 Details of air pollution control measures...... 57 Table 2-13 Waste Water Generation ...... 57 Table 2-14 Hazardous Waste Generation ...... 58 Table 2-15 Non Hazardous Waste Generation ...... 58 Table 3-1 Environmental Attributes...... 60 Table 3-2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology ...... 61 Table 3-3 Site specific Meteorological summary ...... 63 Table 3-4 Land use Classification of the Study area ...... 68 Table 3-5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ...... 71 Table 3-6 Techniques used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ...... 73 Table 3-7 Summary of Ambient Air Quality Result ...... 75 Table 3-8 Noise Quality Monitoring stations ...... 78 Table 3-9 Ambient Noise Level ...... 81 Table 3-10 Ambient Noise Quality Standards ...... 81 Table 3-11 Water quality monitoring locations ...... 83 Table 3-12 Results for Water Analysis ...... 85 Table 3-13 Soil Sampling Locations ...... 90 Table 3-14 Soil Quality Results ...... 92 Table 3-15 Standard Soil Classification ...... 93 Table 3-16 List of Flora observed in the study area ...... 94 Table 3-17 List of Fauna observed in the study area ...... 96 Table 3-18 List of Fauna found in Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary ...... 97
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Table 3-19 List of Flora found in Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary ...... 98 Table 3-20 Distribution of population in the study area ...... 101 Table 3-21 Distribution of Population by Social Structure ...... 102 Table 3-22 Distribution of Literate and Literacy Rates ...... 102 Table 3-23 Occupational Structure ...... 103 Table 4-1 Effluent Treatment Plant Design Details ...... 117 Table 4-2 Cooling Tower Design Details ...... 119 Table 4-3 List of greenbelt species ...... 121 Table 6-1 Monitoring schedule during operation phase ...... 126 Table7-1 Details of Fund Allocation for Health and Safety ...... 144 Table 8-1 Action Plan & Budgetary Allocation for CSR Activity ...... 151 Table 9-1 Rainwater Harvesting ...... 156 Table 9-2 Details of Fund Allocation for Health and Safety ...... 159 Table 9-3 Details of Greenbelt Area Split-Up ...... 164 Table 9-4 List of Species Showing High Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) ...... 164 Table 9-5 Environmental Management Plan – Budget ...... 168
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Figure 2-1 Satellite image of project site ...... 33 Figure 2-2 Location of the Project Site ...... 34 Figure 2-3 Connectivity map of project site ...... 35 Figure 2-4 Topo sheet (5km & 10km surrounding project site) ...... 36 Figure 2-5 Land use classification map (5km & 10km surrounding project site) ...... 37 Figure 2-6 Site Photos ...... 38 Figure 2-7 Site layout ...... 41 Figure 2-8 Line Diagram of Sulphonation Plant ...... 44 Figure 2-9 Sulfonation Plant ...... 49 Figure 2-10 Line Diagram for Surfactant drying system to make powder of high purity 50 Figure 2-11 Water Balance Chart ...... 56 Figure 3-1 Combined Wind Rose for the months of June, July, August 2018 ...... 64 Figure 3-2 Drainage Map (10 km) of the Project ...... 66 Figure 3-3 Land use Map of the Project Site ...... 69 Figure 3-4 Map showing seismic tectonic zone ...... 69 Figure 3-5 Map Showing Air Quality Monitoring Locations ...... 72 Figure 3-6 Map showing the location of Noise level monitoring stations ...... 80 Figure 3-7 Map showing Water quality monitoring locations ...... 84 Figure 3-8 Map showing the location soil sampling stations ...... 91 Figure 4-1 HITEC Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) System ...... 109
Figure 4-2 SO2 Scrubber System ...... 111 Figure 4-3 Effluent Gas Treatment System ...... 113 Figure 4-4 Effluent Treatment Scheme ...... 118 Figure 9-1 Organizational Structure ...... 167
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose of the report The proponent, M/s Detergeo Chem Private Limited (DCPL) is proposing to set up a surfactant manufacturing facility for production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LABSA) and other alternative surfactants (AOS, SLS and SLES) at Plot No.F-52, SIPCOT, Gummidipoondi, Chennai (India) by New India Group (NIG), New Delhi. The project falls under Schedule 5(f) “Synthetic organic chemicals industry” under Category “B” as per EIA Notification 2006. The facility requires prior Environmental Clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Tamil Nadu before commencing onsite activities. In absence of the SEIAA, Tamil Nadu, we submitted the Form I & PFR to the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MOEF-CC) for grant of Terms of Reference and obtained TOR from MOEF&CC. In this regard, M/s. Detergeo Chem Pvt. Ltd has appointed M/s. ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited to conduct Environmental Impact Assessment study for the proposed project as per the TOR issued by MOEF&CC Vide Letter No.IA-J- 11011/267/2018-IA-II(I) Dated 29.09.2018 for preparing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Public Hearing is not applicable for this proposed project because of the project site is located at SIPCOT Industrial Area, Gummidipoondi. The purpose of EIA Study is to address the information on the nature and extent of potential environmental impacts, both negative and positive during the construction and operation phase of the proposed project and related activities taking place concurrently.
1.2 Identification of Project Detergeo Chem Private Limited is proposing to set up a surfactant manufacturing facility for production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid in Chennai to cater the raw material demand of the home-care and personal-care industry in South India.
DCPL has selected the following surfactants for its key product portfolio: Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 96% (LABSA 96%) and Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 90% (LABSA 90%). Additionally, DCPL shall also produce Alpha Olefin Sulfonate (AOS), Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) and Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate (SLES) to cater the raw material demand of the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry in the region. All the above products will be manufactured on the same plant however organic feedstock shall change depending on the requirement of the final product.
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1.3 Identification of Project Proponent Detergeo Chem Private Limited for Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LABSA) manufacturing Facilities proposed at Plot No.F-52, SIPCOT, Gummidipoondi, and Chennai by New India Group (NIG). The New India Group is a fourth generation family-owned and professionally managed diversified business group. The group was founded in 1947 and is primarily into manufacturing and trading of dyes, chemicals and textiles. The group’s mission is to best serve the needs of its valuable customers by conducting business in line with its core values of: integrity and reliability.
1.4 Brief Description of Proposed Project Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG has selected the following surfactants for its key product portfolio: Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 96% (LABSA 96%) and Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 90% (LABSA 90%). Additionally, DCPL shall also produce Alpha Olefin Sulfonate (AOS), Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) and Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate (SLES) to cater to the raw material demand of the FMCG industry in the region. All the above products will be manufactured on the same plant however organic feedstock shall change depending on the requirement of the final product.
The proposed project will fall under Schedule 5(f) of the EIA Notification - 2006 and Amendments thereon. As the project site is located inside a notified industrial estate this project falls under ‘B’ category and requires clearance from SEIAA-Tamil Nadu. In absence of the SEIAA, Tamil Nadu, we are submitting the Final EIA Report to the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF-CC) for grant of Environmental Clearance.
1.5 Approach Methodology The objective of the study is to carry out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the proposed project to meet the environmental compliances laid down by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEFCC), Government of India. The scope of study would be as per the EIA guidelines outlined by MOEF. This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study conducted for proposed project deals with detailed studies for various environmental components viz. air, noise, water, land, biological and socio-economic environment for study period. For Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment studies, an area covering 10 km radial distance from centre of proposed site will be identified as the
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited study area (impact zone). During the EIA study, the applicable legal, policy and institutional frameworks will also be addressed. Additionally the environmental standards pertaining to air quality, water quality, noise emission and sewage/effluent
The objectives of EIA study are as follows:
To describe the proposed project and associated works together with the requirements for carrying out the proposed development; To identify and describe the elements of the community and environment likely to be affected by the proposed developments; To identify, predict and evaluate environmental and social impacts expected during the construction and operation phases of the project in relation to sensitive receptors; To identify the negative impacts and develop mitigation measures so as to minimize pollution, environmental disturbance and nuisance during construction and operations of the development; and To design and specify the monitoring requirements necessary to ensure the implementation and the effectiveness of the mitigation measures adopted.
1.6 Structure of EIA Report The EIA report will be concise and limited to significant environmental issues. The main text will focus on findings, conclusions and recommended actions supported by summaries of the data collected and citations for any references used in interpreting environmental attributes. The environmental assessment report will be organized according to the outline below. Executive Summary Introduction Project Description Description of the Environment – Present scenario of the land, air, water, biology and Socio - Economic environment Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Analysis of Alternative Site & Technologies Environmental Monitoring Plan Additional Studies – Pubic Consultation, Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan Project Benefits
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Environmental Management Plan Summary & Conclusion Disclosure of Consultants
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Type of Project Detergeo Chem Private Limited is proposing to set up a surfactant manufacturing facility for production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid in Chennai to cater the raw material demand of the home-care and personal-care industry in South India. The proposed project is the manufacturing of LABSA and the activity is listed under the Schedule 5(f) “Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry (Dyes & Dye Intermediates; Bulk Drugs and Intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates)” of EIA Notification 2006.
2.2 Need for the Project With the increase in the population and usage of soaps and detergents by the people, its market has good prospective and bright future. So, we need a raw material from which the soaps and detergents could be made instantly and easily. Acid slurry is one such material, could be made from the soaps and liquid detergents. Demand of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LABSA) is always there in domestic market and as well as in global market for FMCG industry. To meet the current market demand, New India Group has planned to set up a new manufacturing unit Detergeo Chem Pvt. Ltd. intended for the production of LABSA and other alternative surfactants (AOS, SLS and SLES) at Plot No.F- 52, SIPCOT, Gummidipoondi, Thiruvallur (India).
2.3 Site Characteristics
2.3.1 Location Satellite Image showing the project site is given in Figure 2.1. Location of project site is shown in Figure 2.2. There are no eco sensitive, Defense installation, areas protected under Wildlife Act within 10km radius surrounding the project site.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Figure 2-1 Satellite image of project site
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Figure 2-2 Location of the Project Site
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2.3.2 Connectivity The site is well connected by the Guntur and Chennai National Highway (NH 5) at a distance of 0.8 km. This unit is located in the South eastern direction of this road. The raw material & product is conveniently transported by this road.
Figure 2-3 Connectivity map of project site
2.3.3 Environmental Settings The total plot area of the proposed unit is 4048 sq.m. The proponent will commence production activities within the allotted area. The topography and land use of the project site and its surroundings area covering 10 km radius are given in Figures 2.4 & 2.5 respectively. Environmental settings are presented in Table 2.1.
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Figure 2-4 Topo sheet (5km & 10km surrounding project site)
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Figure 2-5 Land use classification map (5km & 10km surrounding project site)
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Figure 2-6 Site Photos
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Table 2-1 Environmental Settings of Project Site
S. NO. PARTICULARS DETAILS 1 Site Latitude 13°24'47.84"N 2 Site Longitude 80° 6'46.20"E 3 Site Elevation 67 m Guntur and Chennai National Highway 4 Nearest highway (NH5) – 0.8 km (ESE) Gummidipoondi Railway Station- 1.2 Km 5 Nearest railway station (ESE) Chennai International Airport – 47.13 km 6 Nearest airport (SSE) 7 Nearest town/ city Gummidipoondi Town – 0.7 km (SSE) 8 Topography Plain Archaeologically important 9 Amirthamangalam – 7.01 km (SW) places National parks/ Wildlife 10 Nil within 10 km radius Sanctuaries Poovalambedu Pond 7.7 km (WSW) Arani River 6.49 km (SSW) Panpakkam Lake 4.33 km (SSE) Pattupalli Lake 7.21 km (NE) Pallavada Lake 11.55 km (NW) 11 Reservoir/River/Lake Ponneri Lake 13.8 km (ESE) Pulicate Lake 11.9 km (ENE) Kilikodi Lake 5.78 km (SE) Gummidipoondi Tamarai Lake 0.93 km (E) Gummidipoondi SIPCOT Lake 0.62 km (W) Puliyar Forest 6.31 km (WSW) 12 Reserved/ Protected Forests Siruvada Forest 9.57 km Thervoy Reserve Forest 9.82 km 13 Seismicity Zone II 14 Defense Installations Nil within 10 km radius 15 Nearest Port Chennai Port – 41.5 km (SE)
2.3.4 Site Selection The proposed project site is leased from SIPCOT. This site has the following advantages: The project site is located in the SIPCOT hence basic infrastructure of roads, power, water etc. is readily available. The project site is located near high demand area. There is no likelihood of any residential development in the vicinity of the Plant. Possible mutual aid in emergency will be available in the Industrial Area. There is potential for future growth in demand. Adequate availability of land within the SIPCOT for future expansion etc.
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The land use break-up of the project area is shown below in table 2.2. The site layout is shown in figure 2.7
Table 2-2 Land use breakup
Area Percentage S. No Land Use Breakup Details Area (Sq.m.) (hectare) (%)
1 Production Shed 1400 0.14 34.59 2 UG WATER Tank/Cooling Towers 96 0.0096 2.37 3 Sulphur Yard 80 0.0080 1.98 4 Tank Farm 336 0.0336 8.3 5 DG/Electrical (G + 1) 54 0.0054 1.33
6 Repair Workshop 36 0.0036 0.89
7 Store/Office/LAB/Canteen 105 0.0105 2.59
8 ETP/Septic Tank 60 0.0060 1.48 9 Car Parking 36 0.0036 0.89 Greenbelt Area (33% of total 10 1336 0.1336 33 area) 11 Roads 509 0.0509 12.58 Total Area 4048 0.4048 100
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Figure 2-7 Site layout
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
2.4 Magnitude of Operation Detergeo Chem Private Limited will be involved in manufacturing of Surfactants. The list of products along with its Storage capacity is summarized in Table 2.2 & details of products are shown in Table 2.3.
Table 2-3 List of Raw Materials & Source
Quantity in S. Number of Mode of Name Of Raw Materials TPD (ANY Sources of Raw materials No Trucks/Day Transport ONE OR MIX)
Tamil Nadu Petro products, 1 Linear Alkyl Benzene 90 4/ Day SS/MS Tanker Manali. Imported from 20/40 feet 2 Alpha Olefin 90 4 USA/Singapore container Imported from 3 Lauryl Ether 90 4 Road Malaysia/Indonesia
Imported from 20/40 feet 4 Lauryl Alcohol 90 4 Malaysia/Indonesia containers
Sree Rayalseema 5 Sulfuric Acid 98% 10 1/2days MS Tanker /Tanfac Cuddalore
6 Caustic Soda Liquid 10 Chemfab Alkalis, Pondicherry 1 MS Tanker
7 Sulfur 13 CPCL, Reliance Jamnagar 1 Trailer Note: Only one item will be received at a time from item number 1 to 4 per day. For Item number 6 to 7 truck will be received on alternate day basis.
Table 2-4 List of Raw Materials & Products and Their Storage Capacities
Capacity of Physical Type of Sr. No. Description storage, No. Form Storage MT ➢ Raw Materials 1 Linear Alkyl Benzene Liquid MS Tank 100 3 2 Alpha Olefin Liquid SS Tank 50 1 3 Lauryl Ether Liquid SS Tank 50 1 4 Lauryl Alcohol Liquid SS Tank 50 1 5 Sulfuric Acid Liquid MS Tank 20 1 6 Caustic Soda Liquid Liquid MS Tank 20 1 7 Sulfur Solid Closed Yard 50 1 8 High Speed Diesel Liquid MS Tank 13 1
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
➢ Products 1 LABSA 96% Liquid MS Tank 100 2 2 AOS 38% Liquid SS Tank 50 1 3 SLES 28% Liquid SS Tank 50 1 4 SLS 28% Liquid SS Tank 50 1 5 LABSA 90% Liquid MS Tank 50 1
2.5 Description of Process Sulfur Trioxide Gas Generation Sulfur trioxide gas is generated by burning sulfur at high temperature and sulfur dioxide then formed in presence of air which later converted to sulfur trioxide in presence of a
catalyst in a well closed loop system. Industrially SO3 is made by the contact process. Sulfur dioxide, which in turn is produced by the burning of sulfur. After being
purified by filtration, the SO2 is then oxidized by atmospheric oxygen at between 400 and
600 °C Over a catalyst. A typical catalyst consists of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) activated
with potassium oxide K2O on kieselguhr or silica support. The heat generated during this process is utilized for steam generation. This steam is consumed in various uses like sulfur melting, Air drying and water chilling etc. Sulfonation System
The Sulfonic acid forms in the unit when an SO3-in-air mixture is injected into a multi- tube reactor, simultaneously with the desired organic feed. The removable organic distribution flanges are factory calibrated prior to installation in the reactor. Uniform
distribution of the air-SO3 gas is the result of symmetrical gas flow through the reactor. Reaction temperature is also a very important parameter of control in sulfonation and sulfation process. Cooling jackets in the reactor remove heat of reaction. Organic feed rate to the reactor vessels is measured by means of a highly accurate mass flow meter and controlled by a control valve and centrifugal pump. The organic feed rate is controlled based on the preset sulphur-to-organic mole ratio. Exhaust gas is separated from the acid recycle stream in the liquid separator and cyclone vessels. For the production of sulfonic acid, the acid product is fed directly to the digestion system where reaction with absorbed
SO3 goes to completion. Neutralization The Sulphonic acids produced after Sulfonation of LAB/AO/LE/LA is neutralized to make their respective sodium salt.
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This process takes place by mixing Sulphonic acid with liquid sodium hydroxide solution up to getting neutral pH of the product. This reaction is exothermic hence proper cooling is provided to the neutralization vessel. The product is formed as paste which then diluted with pure water to get desired concentration of detergent liquid.
Figure 2-8 Line Diagram of Sulphonation Plant
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2.6 Process Reactions
(Dry Process) LAB + SO3 =====➔ LABSA
(Wet Process)LAB + H2SO4 (In excess) LABSA + H2O + H2SO4
R-Ph. (LAB) + H2SO4 (Pure) =====➔ R-Ph-SO3H + H2O R = Alkyl Group, Ph. = Phenyl group (Benzene Ring).
Sulphuric Acid is taken in excess to facilitate the reaction and availability of free sulphur trioxide (SO3) molecule which is actual reagent. Nomenclature R-Ph. - Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB), H2SO4 – Sulphuric Acid Pure,
SO3 – Sulfur Trioxide (Liquid or Gas), H2O – Water
R-Ph-SO3H = Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LABSA)
Proposed Product Formulations Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid 96% & 90 %
Linear Alkyl Benzene+ SO3 ➔ LABSA + H2O (To dilute excess SO3) ➔ LABSA 96% & 90% (LAB)
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Alpha Olefin Sulfonate 38 %
Alpha Olefin + SO3→ Alpha Olefin Sulphonic Acid (AO) (AOSA)
AOSA+ NaOH→ Alpha Olefin Sulfonate-70%, + H2O→ AOS-38% Liquid (AOS)
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate 28% ------(SLS)
Lauryl Alcohol + SO3→ Lauryl Sulphonic Acid, + NaOH→ Sodium Lauryl Sulphate-70% (LA) (LSA)
SLS 70% + H2O→ SLS-28% Liquid
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate 28% ------(SLES)
Lauryl Ether + SO3→ Lauryl Ether Sulphonic Acid, + NaOH→ SLES-68% (LE) (LESA)
SLES + H2O→ Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate-28% Liquid
Proposed Product formulation:
LAB + SO → LABSA 98% + H O → LABSA 96% (Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid) 3 2
AO + SO → AOSA, + NaOH → AOS 70%, + H O→ AOS-38% Liquid ( Alpha Olefin Sulphonate) 3 2 43,000 MT/yr
LA + SO → LSA, + NaOH → SLS 70%, + H O→ SLS-28% Liquid (Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate) 3 2
LE + SO → LESA, + NaOH → SLES 68%, + H O→ SLES-28% Liquid Sodium (Lauryl Sulphate) 3 2
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
After neutralization paste so formed is dried completely to make product in powder form after grinding the material and if noodle or needle is required paste is drawn in plodder to desired size noodle or needle is made and dried. Process flow diagram is as follows.
R-Ph + SO3 ➔ R-Ph-SO3H ------(Dry Process) Neutralization Reaction
CONSUMPTION NORMS & THROUGHPUTS:- Linear alkyl benzene Sulphonic acid (LABSA) production norms for 1000 kg LABSA will be as follows.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
S.No Item Quantity 1 Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB) 741 Kg 2 Sulphur 105 Kg 3 Caustic soda as 100% 7.7 kg 4 Water 1600 kg 5 Electricity Power 90 KWhr 6 Steam 150 kg
1. For manufacturing of LABSA, norms of consumption are as under:
1MT LAB + 326.6 Kg SO3 Pure+ 60 kg Water =1.386 MT of LABSA 96 (@98% LAB Sulphonability) If we take 1.5% process loss and 1% Free oil then net LABSA96 will be as below- (13866-13866*1.5/100)=1.3658 MT LABSA96%
100% Stoichiometric reaction is shown below.
1 MT of LAB + 0.333 MT of SO3 = 1.333 MT of LABSA (100% pure). For manufacturing of liquid Detergents, norms of consumption are dependent upon the quality and concentration of the product manufactured. We can broadly define the range of usage for LABSA & SODA ASH as under 1 MT of LABSA + 0.132 MT of Caustic soda + WATER & Other Fillers = 6 to 12.5 MT liquid/Paste.
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Figure 2-9 Sulfonation Plant
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Figure 2-10 Line Diagram for Surfactant drying system to make powder of high purity
2.8 Infrastructure Proposed at the Facility
2.8.1 Equipments Proposed A. Process Equipments: i. Air Drying Plant
The process air is first compressed to a pressure of approximately 1 kg/cm2 and chilled to a temperature of 16°C in the air chiller vessel. The chilled air is then dried in automatic desiccant- type air dryers to a guaranteed dew point of 60°C. The dual air dryers are equipped with 11 individual bubble tight control valves. This ensures absolutely no interruption of process air when changing dryers and a smooth pressure transition when changing to regeneration. On power failure, these valves are designed to automatically close to prevent back up of corrosive gas into the dryers, and to keep moist atmospheric air from reaching the dryers and gas plant. The cooling air blower supplies cool air to the regenerated (off-line) air dryer to reduce the bed temperature to an acceptable level, prior to bringing the regenerated air dryer back on-line.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited ii. SO3 gas Plant
Sulfur burning in equipment specifically designed to produce SO3 gas for sulfonation
Converter gas from a sulfuric acid plant contains 10–12% SO3 and appears to be a potential SO3 source for Sulphonation. Molten sulphur is supplied to the sulphur burner by a submersible pump from the sulphur melter. A steam and condensate system is utilized to supply the necessary tracing circuits for all the sulphur piping and sulphur melter. The molten sulphur is delivered to the refractory-lined atomizing sulphur burner where combustion with the dry process air, generates sulphur dioxide (SO2). The sulphur dioxide gas leaving the burner is cooled and delivered to a four-stage Vanadium oxide catalytic converter, where the gas is filtered and converted to sulphur trioxide (SO3). An injection air system is used to cool the gas between the converter stages. When the conversion efficiency of the converter approaches 98%, the sulphur trioxide gas leaving the converter is cooled to nearly ambient temperature in a cascade cooler prior to entering the Brink type inlet mist eliminator which removes traces of Sulphuric acid or oleum. Heat recovered from the SO2 and SO3 coolers is used to regenerate the air dryers, thus eliminating the need for an external heat source. A Continuous source of dry air-SO3 gas is required for film Sulphonation and Sulfation. iii. Sulphonation Plant The Sulfonic acid forms in the unit when an SO3-in-air mixture is injected into a multi- tube reactor, simultaneously with the desired organic feed. The removable organic distribution flanges are factory calibrated prior to installation in the reactor. Uniform distribution of the air-SO3 gas is the result of symmetrical gas flow through the reactor. Reaction temperature is also a very important parameter of control in sulfonation and sulfation process. Cooling jackets in the reactor remove heat of reaction. Organic feed rate to the reactor vessels is measured by means of a highly accurate mass flow meter and controlled by a control valve and centrifugal pump. The organic feed rate is controlled based on the preset sulphur-to-organic mole ratio. iv. Exhaust Gas Treatment System The excess/vent gas is separated from the sulphonic acid stream and is directed to the Exhaust Gas Treatment System. The Exhaust Gas Treatment System consists mainly of the following: Wet Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) and Alkali Scrubber.
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The electrostatic precipitator (ESP) employs a proprietary electrode design in an air jacketed bank of collection tubes. The High Intensity Toroidal Electron Corona (HITEC) produced by the electrode charges the inlet particulars, which are collected at the passive tube wall. Coalesced organic acids (bottoms) discharge at the bottom of the vessel. The Alkali Scrubber is used to neutralize the SOx gases. v. Hydrolyzer The sulfonic acid stream is diverted to the hydrolyzer vessel for ageing after leaving the reactor outlet. Hydration water is injected and mixed with the sulfonic acid, leaving the digesters to remove anhydrides. vi. Neutralization Chamber A continuous neutralizer system is used to make the sulphonates and sulphates. The neutralizer combines sulfonic acid or organo-sulfuric acid with a neutralizing agent, additives, and diluent (water), in dominant bath neutralization. vii. Auto Control Systems A typical sulfonation plant control system consists of two components that are integrated into a single system: A main instrument control panel (ICP) and a motor control center (MCC). When properly designed and installed, this system not only allows operation of the sulfonation plant but also improves the operators' understanding of the plant's operation through graphic interfaces. Better control results in improved product consistency and quality. The ICP integrates the loop control, logic control, data acquisition, and operator interface into a single system. The motor control center (MCC) includes a main power disconnect, a lighting transformer, motor starters, variable frequency speed controllers, and disconnects as required for the equipment. viii. Stainless Steel (SS) and Mild Steel(MS) Tanks These tanks are required for the storage and transport of LABSA, Caustic soda Lye and Sulfuric acid, Lauryl Alcohol, Ethoxylated Lauryl Alcohol and Alpha Olefin, Alpha Olefin Sulphonate (AOS), Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate (SLES), Sodium Laureth Sulphate (SLS).
B. Utilities and Others 1. Waste Heat recovery System. 2. Cooling Tower 3. Effluent Treatment Plant 4. Auto control system
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
5. Fire extinguisher 6. Administration Building & Security Area 7. Parking Area 8. Greenbelt Area Table 2-5 List of Equipments
S. Description Quantity Capacity No Sulfur Trioxide gas 1 1 1250 kg SO3/hr Generation Plant 2 Air Drying Unit 1 9000CMPH Film 3 Sulphonation/Salfation 1 5000 kg/hr Reactor 4 Neutralization Unit 1 5000 kg/hr 5 Water Purification Plant 1 10 KL/hr 6 Cooling Tower 2 800 TR Vent Gas Treatment 7 1 6000 CMPH System with ESP 8 Chilled Water Unit 1 100 TR Heat (Steam) Recovery 9 1 1000 kg/hr System 10 Electricity Generator 1 630 KW 11 Weigh Bridge 1 60 MT cap 12 Cooling Tower /Pumps As per requirements 13 Water Hydrants System As per requirements 14 Spray Drying Plant 1 50TPD 15 Noodling Plant 1 50 TPD
2.8.2 Reactor Vessel Specifications Table 2-6 Reactor Vessel Specifications
Process S. No. Vessel parameters Values Units Unit Material of SS 316L 8 mm 1 Reactor Construction Volume 5000 Kg/hr
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Operating Pressure 800-1000 Mmwc Multi tube(Shell and Type (Shell + Jacket) tube type) Stirrer Type + rpm No Stirrer Operating 40-50 DC Temperature (Range)
2.8.3 Scrubber Specifications Table 2-7 Scrubber Specifications
S. Process Vessel Parameters Values Units No. Unit
Capacity 9000 CMPH Scrubbing media NaOH Solution Alkali Concentration of 1. Scrubber 7-8 %w/w scrubbing media
Type Packed Column PP Stack height 30 M
2.8.4 Boiler Specifications Table 2-8 Boiler Specifications
S. Process Vessel Values Units No. unit Parameters Capacity 950 Kg/hr waste Heat Fuel used Sulfur 1 recovery boiler Fuel 500 Kg /hr consumption Height of stack 30 Meter Sulfur pit Steam 2 Capacity 150 Kg/hr Coil 3 VAM Capacity 800 Kg/hr
2.9 Power& Back-Up Power Requirement The total power requirement will be 630 KW or 787.5 KVA, which will be sourced through TANGEDCO. As backup power, 1 D.G set of 630 KW will be installed on site. The D.G set is details is shown below,
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Table 2-9 Details on D.G set
SL.NO. Equipment Capacity KW Stack Height in m 1 DG Set - 1 630 12
2.10 Manpower Requirement Total manpower required for operation will be 29 Nos. The details of manpower is given in table 2.10. Table 2-10 Manpower Details
Detail Number Factory managers 01 Plant Operator/Shift In charge 04 Yard Supervisor 01 Labour 06 Weighbridge Operator 02 Maintenance Manager 01 Welder 01 Fitter 01 Electrician and Instrument 01 Technician Chemist 04 Accountant/Admin 02 Peon 01 Security Supervisor 01 Security guards 03 Total 29
2.11 Water Requirement The fresh water requirement for the plant will be 155 KLD. The entire quantity of raw water will be supplied by SIPCOT / private tankers. Water balance table for the operation phase of the proposed plant is as follows. Initiatives for water reduction: • The plant will implement a scheme for source reduction of water coming from washings by articulating a recycle and reuse scheme. • The plant will have cool atmospheric air in most of the heat exchanger instead of water. • The plant will have a zero discharge and will successfully recycle the entire water back to plant use.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
• Water harvesting system will be installed to collect natural water. Table 2-11 Water Balance Table
S. Water Requirement Particulars No. (KLD) 1 Domestic 2.0 2 Gardening 1.0 Process 2.0 3 Industrial Cooling makeup water 122.0 Boiler makeup water 23.0 4 Alkali Scrubber 5.0 Actual Requirement 155 ETP recycle water 5.0 Condensate Recovery 17.5 Evaporation Loss 124.5
Figure 2-11 Water Balance Chart
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2.12 Pollution Control Measures
2.12.1 Air (Emissions) The following measures are proposed for control of gaseous emissions: The emission sources will be D.G. Set, sulphonation process and are designed with adequate stack heights and air pollution control measures to meet the standards set by the TNPCB / CPCB.
Table 2-12 Details of air pollution control measures
Top Height Exit Gas Stack Control Material of Exit Gas Flow Rate Source dimension above Velocity No Measures Construction Temp(K) (Nm3/hr) (m) GL(m) (m/s)
Stack Attached Not 1 0.15 12 Mild Steel 9 490 342 to D.G. Set-1 Applicable
Stack Attached Alkali 2 to Sulphonation Scrubber, 0.5 30 Mild Steel 6.6 308 4705 Plant ESP
Stack Attached Not 3 0.35 30 Mild Steel 12 513 2373 to Boiler Applicable
The air emissions generated from the sulphonation plant will be treated in the Wet Electrostatic Precipitator (WESP) and Wet Alkali Scrubber System.
2.12.2 Possible Fugitive Emission Sources: - Chemical storages - Laboratory testing Fugitive emissions control Measures: Chemical Storages tanks will be closed and only breathing vent will be there, as such there will be no fugitive emission there. Process reactor vent with ESP (Electro Static Precipitator) and Alkali scrubber to remove all fugitive emissions. Laboratory testing will be equipped with fuming chamber for any fugitive emissions.
2.13 Waste generation
2.13.1 Waste Water Generation Details & Management
Table 2-13 Waste Water Generation
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Water S. No. Particulars Generated (KLD) 1. Washing / Spillage Effluent 1.6 2. Domestic Sewage 0.4 Cooling 2.0 3. Utilities Boiler 1.0 4. Process 0.5
Waste water will be collected and fed into the Effluent treatment plant appropriately. The domestic sewage will be treated through septic tank and soak pits. The treated water from ETP will be reused for Alkali Scrubber.
2.13.2 Solid Waste (Hazardous & Non-hazardous wastes) The solid waste generated from proposed project will be as follows: Table 2-14 Hazardous Waste Generation
Hazardous Waste Generation
Name of Source of Waste Waste Physical S.No Process Quantity Waste Type generation Storage Disposal status Waste of waste
Use within premises as a Pump Seal Used or MS/Plastic 1 25 l/year Recyclable lubricant/ sell Oil Oily spent oil Drums to registered DG Oil recycler
Expired Sulphur 0.5 Disposable at 2 Incinerable HDPE bags Raw Solid Sludge MT/Year TSDF Site Materials
ETP 1 Non- HDPE Disposal at 3 ETP filter Solid Waste MT/Year recyclable Bags TSDF Site
Table 2-15 Non Hazardous Waste Generation
Non Hazardous Waste Generation S.No. Type of Waste Quantity Mode of Disposal 1. Food and Garbage 5 kg/day In SIPCOT/Municipal vehicle 2. Wooden and Packaging 100 kg/year Scrap dealer/Collector 3. Plastic scrap 500 kg/year Scrap dealer 4. MS Scrap 2000 kg/year Scrap dealer
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2.14 Project Cost The cost for the proposed project is estimated at 15 Crores. After obtaining Environmental Clearance (EC) and Consent to Establish for the proposed project, construction activity will be commenced.
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DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Introduction Baseline Environmental Studies for the period June 2018 to August 2018 have been conducted to determine the existing status of various Environmental attributes viz., Climate and Atmospheric conditions, Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Hydro geological, Land use pattern, Ecological and Socio-Economical environment, prior to setting up of the proposed project. This study would help to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the environment on account of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed project.
3.2 Scope of Baseline Study An area, covering a 10 km radial distance from the project site is considered as the study area for the purpose of the baseline studies. Primary data on Water, Air, Land, Flora, Fauna & Socio-Economic data were collected by a team of Engineers and Scientists. Secondary data was collected from various Departments of State/Central Government Organizations, Semi-Government and Public Sector Organizations. Table 3.1 gives various environmental attributes considered for formulating environmental baseline and Table-3.2 gives the frequency and monitoring methodology for various environmental attributes.
Table 3-1 Environmental Attributes
S. Attribute Parameter Source of Data No. Climatology Wind Speed, Wind direction, Indian Meteorological 1 & Relative humidity, Rainfall Department and Site specific Meteorology and Temperature information Monitored Data (Surface water Water Physical and Chemical 2 – 4 locations and ground water- Quality parameters 8 locations) PM10, PM 2.5, SO2, Nox, NH3, Ambient Air 3 O3, CO, Pb, Benzene, Benzo(a) Monitored Data (9 locations) Quality pyrene, Arsenic & Nickel 4 Noise levels Noise levels in dB (A) Monitored Data (9 locations) Ecology Existing terrestrial flora and Field survey and Secondary 5 fauna within the study area sources. 6 Geology Geological history Secondary sources
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Soil types and samples Analysis of soil samples at 8 7 Soil analyzed for physical and locations chemical parameters. Socio- Socio-Economic Based on field survey and data 8 economic characteristics of the affected collected from secondary Aspects area sources Trend of land use change for 9 Land Use Secondary data different categories
Table 3-2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology
Sampling Measurement Attributes Remarks Network Frequency Method A. Meteorology Wind Speed, Wind direction, Continuous Weather monitor Relative humidity, Project site for 3 with data base Rainfall and months Temperature A. Air Environment Gravimetric (High- Particulate Matter Volume with (PM 10) 24 hourly- Cyclone) Twice a Gravimetric (High- Particulate Matter week for 3 Volume with (PM 2.5) months in Cyclone) Oxides of Sulphur Non- EPA Modified West (SO2) Monsoon &Gaeke method season As per CPCB Oxides of Arsenite Modified standards Nitrogen (Nox) Jacob &Hochheiser under 18th November Total Volatile Requisite 2009 Organic locations in -- EPA Method TO 17 Notification Compounds the project for National (TVOC) influence Ambient Air Hydrocarbon area -- IS 5182: Pt 12: 1991 Benzene (C6H6) IS 5182: Pt 11: 2006 Quality Benzo (a) Pyrene Standards IS 5182: Pt 12: 1991 (BaP) 24 hourly- (NAAQS) Lead (Pb) Twice a IS 5182 P 22: 2004 Arsenic (As) week for 3 IS 5182 P 22: 2004 Nickel (Ni) months in IS 5182 P 22: 2004 Non- Indophenols blue Ammonia (NH3) Monsoon method season KI Absorption Ozone (O3) Method Carbon Monoxide Gas Analyzer (NDIR) B. Noise
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Requisite Hourly equivalent locations in Once Instrument : Noise IS: 4954 1968 noise levels the project level meter influence area C. Water Parameters for water quality: pH, temp, turbidity, Total hardness, Samples for water total alkalinity, quality collected and chloride, analyzed as per IS : sulphate, nitrate, 2488 (Part 1-5) fluoride, sodium, Set of grab methods for potassium, samples At sampling and testing Electrical requisite of Industrial effluents Once Conductivity, locations for Standard methods Ammonical ground and for examination of nitrogen, Nitrate- surface water water and Nitrogen total wastewater analysis phosphorus, BOD, published by COD, Calcium, American Public Magnesium, Total Health Association. Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids D. Land Environment Parameter for soil Requisite soil quality: pH, samples be texture, electrical collected as conductivity, Collected and per BIS Once in organic matter, analyzed as per soil specification season nitrogen, analysis reference within phosphate, book, M.L.Jackson project sodium, calcium, influence potassium and area Magnesium. E. Biological Environment Requisite Terrestrial & locations in Collected and Once in Aquatic Flora and the project analyzed as per IUCN season Fauna influence Red Data book. area
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3.3 Meteorology
3.3.1 Micro meteorological data The transport and diffusion of the pollutants in the atmosphere is governed by meteorological factors. Moreover, meteorological characteristics of an area are very important in assessing the possible environmental impacts. The site specific meteorological data for the study period (June 2018 to August 2018) are presented in Table 3.3.
Table 3-3 Site specific Meteorological summary
June 2018 July 2018 August 2018 Months Max Avg Min Max Avg. Min Max Avg Min Max. Temp (°C) 38 35.56 33 38 35.09 33 38 34.26 33 Min. Temp (°C) 31 30.36 29 31 29.64 27 31 29.64 27 Relative 82 57.03 36 79 54.58 38 75 52.48 39 Humidity (%) Precipitation 97 7.04 0 56 7.83 0 83 7.35 0 (mm) Wind Speed 9 5.36 2 9 5.64 2 9 5.81 2 (m/s) Predominant West to East Wind Direction
The wind rose denotes a class of diagrams designed to display the distribution of wind direction experienced at a given location over ruing period of time. The Figures 3.1 shows the Wind Rose diagram for the months of June 2018 to August 2018. It reveals that wind was blowing predominantly from west to east direction.
3.3.2 Micro meteorology at site Wind speed and wind direction data recorded during the study period has enabled identifying the influence of meteorology on the air quality of the area. Based on the collected meteorological data, relative percentage frequencies of different wind directions were calculated and plotted as wind roses for 24hr duration. Maximum and minimum temperatures including percentage relative humidity were also recorded simultaneously.
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Figure 3-1 Combined Wind Rose for the months of June, July, August 2018
3.3.3 Temperature Perusal on the temperature data during the years of 2002 to 2012, the maximum temperature of the district is observed as 41.2°C and the minimum temperature is 18.1°C.
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Hot climate prevails during the month of May – June and pleasant climate during December-January.
3.3.4 Rainfall & Climate The district receives the rain under the influence of both southwest and northeast monsoons. Most of the precipitation occurs in the form of cyclonic storms caused due to the depressions in Bay of Bengal chiefly during Northeast monsoon period. The southwest monsoon rainfall is highly erratic and summer rains are negligible. Rainfall data analysis shows that the normal annual rainfall varies from 950mm to 1150mm.The district enjoys a tropical climate. The period from April to June is generally hot and dry. The weather is pleasant during the period from November to January. Usually mornings are more humid than afternoons. The relative humidity varies between 65 and 85% in the mornings while in the afternoon it varies between 40 and 70%. The annual mean minimum and maximum temperature are 24.3°C and 32.9°C respectively. The day time heat is oppressive and the temperature is as high as 41.2°C. The lowest temperature recorded is of the order of 18.1°C.
3.4 Physiography and Drainage Tiruvallur district varies from featureless pediplain to residual and structural hills. The thiruthani and R.K.Pet hills form part of the important landmarks. The coastal tract is Araniyar, Korattalayar, Cooum, Nagari and Nandhi are the important rivers. The drainage pattern, in general, is dendritic. All the rivers are seasonal and carry substantial flows during monsoon period. Korattaliar river water is supplied to Cholavaram and Red Hill tanks by constructing an Anicut at Vellore Tambarambakkam. After filling a number of tanks on its further course, the river empties into the Ennore creek a few kilometres north of Chennai. The Cooum River, flowing across the southern part of the district, has its origin in the surplus waters of the Cooum tank in Tiruvallur taluk and also receives the surplus waters of a number of tanks. It feeds the Chembarambakkam tank through a channel. It finally drains into the Bay of Bengal.
Source: District Ground Water Brochure, Tiruvallur District, Tamilnadu, Ministry of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board, 2007.
The Drainage Map (10 km) of the project site is given as Figure 3.2.
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Figure 3-2 Drainage Map (10 km) of the Project
3.5 Geomorphology The prominent geomorphic units identified in the district through interpretation of Satellite imagery are 1) Alluvial Plain, 2) Old River Courses 3) Coastal plains 4) Shallow & deep buried Pediments, 5) Pediments and 6) Structural Hills. The elevation of the area ranges from 183 m amsl in the west to sea level in the east. Four cycles of erosion gave rise to a complex assemblage of fluvial, estuarine and marine deposits. The major part of the area is characterized by an undulating topography with innumerable depressions which are used as irrigation tanks. The coastal tract is marked by three beach terraces with broad inter-terrace depressions. The coastal plains display a fairly lower level or gently rolling surface and only slightly elevated above the local water surfaces or rivers. The straight trend of the coastal tract is resultant of development of vast alluvial plains. There are a number of dunes in the coastal tract.
3.6 Soil Types Soils in the area have been classified into
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited i) Red soil ii) Black soil iii) Alluvial soil iv) Colluvial soil
The major part is covered by Red soil of red sandy/clay loam type. Ferrugineous red soils are also seen at places. Black soils are deep to very deep and generally occurs in the depressions adjacent to hilly areas, in the western part. Alluvial soils occur along the river courses and eastern part of the coastal areas. Sandy coastal alluvium (arenaceous soil) are seen all along the sea coast as a narrow belt.
3.7 Ground Water Scenario
3.7.1 Hydrogeology The district is underlain by both porous and fissured formations. . The important aquifer systems in the district are constituted by i) unconsolidated & semi-consolidated formations and ii) weathered, fissured and fractured crystalline rocks.
The porous formations in the district include sandstones and clays of Jurassic age (Upper Gondwana), marine sediments of Cretaceous age, Sandstones of Tertiary age and Recent alluvial formations. As the Gondwana formations are well-compacted and poorly jointed, the movement of ground water in these formations is mostly restricted to shallow levels. Ground water occurs under phreatic to semi-confined conditions in the inter-granular pore spaces in sands and sandstones and the bedding planes and thin fractures in shales. In the area underlain by Cretaceous sediments, ground water development is rather poor due to the rugged nature of the terrain and the poor quality of the formation water. Quaternary formations comprising mainly sands, clays and gravels are confined to major drainage courses in the district. The maximum thickness of alluvium is 30.0 m. whereas the average thickness is about 15.0 m. Ground water occurs under phreatic to semi- confined conditions in these formations and is being developed by means of dug wells and filter points. Alluvium, which forms a good aquifer system along the Araniyar and Korattalaiyar river bed which is one of the major sources of water supply to urban areas of Chennai city and also to the industrial units.
Ground water generally occurs under phreatic conditions in the weathered mantle and under semi-confined conditions in the fissured and fractured zones at deeper levels. The
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited yield of bore wells drilled down to a depth of 50 to 60 m ranges from 20 to 400 lpm. The yield of successful bore wells drilled down to a depth of 150 m bgl during the ground water exploration programme of Central Ground Water Board ranged from 1.2 to 7.6 lpm.
Source: District Ground Water Brochure, Tiruvallur District, Tamilnadu, Ministry of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board.
3.8 Land Use The Land use classification of the study area is given in Table 3.4
Table 3-4 Land use Classification of the Study area
Area Details % (Ha.) Forests 19736.01 5.8
Barren & Un-Cultivable Land 13636.12 4
Lands put to Non-Agricultural Uses 108401.29 31.7
Cultivable Waste Land 7734.88 2.3 Permanent pastures & Grazing 8120.9 2.4 Lands Misc. tree crops & Groves not 7568.96 2.2 included in the net area sown Current fallow Lands 32017.03 9.4
Other fallow Lands 38885.79 11.4
Net area sown 106137.81 30.8
Geographical Area 342243 100
Area Sown more than once 21326.55
Gross area sown 127464.37
Cropping Intensity 1.02 The land use pattern of the project site is unclassified land and the land use of the Project Site is given below in Figure 3.3.
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited
Figure 3-3 Land use Map of the Project Site
3.9 Seismo Tectonic Appraisal There are 4 major seismic zones (zones II, III, IV and V) in India, based on the seismo- tectonic parameters, history of seismicity and certain geophysical parameters. The project site at Chinna-obulapuram village in Thiruvallur district comes under Seismic zone III and have a PGA value of 0.236. (Figure 3.4)
Thiruvallur District
Figure 3-4 Map showing seismic tectonic zone
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3.10 Air Environment The prime objective of baseline air monitoring is to evaluate the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the construction and operation of the proposed project. This section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling, analytical techniques and frequency of sampling. The results of ambient air monitoring carried out during the study during June, July, and August 2018. The methodology adopted for Air quality survey is given below.
3.10.1 Selection of Sampling Locations The locations for air quality monitoring were scientifically selected based on the following considerations using climatologically data.
Topography / Terrain of the study area Human Settlements Health status Resource Availability Representativeness of the region for establishing baseline status Representativeness with respect to likely impact areas.
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The Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations are given in the Table 3.5 and shown in Figure 3.8.
Table 3-5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Air Direction Distance with sampling Geographical with the respect to Elevation in Location Environmental Setting location location respect to project site feet code project site ( km) 13°24'47.75"N AAQ1 Project Site - - 67 Industrial Area 80° 6'46.66"E 13°26'49.65"N AAQ2 Equvarpalayam 5.81 NW 62 Residential Area 80° 4'7.18"E 13°22'49.21"N AAQ3 Thandalacheri 3.92 SW 85 Residential Area 80° 6'7.64"E Chinna 13°27'0.34"N AAQ4 4.03 N 66 Residential Area Obulapuram 80° 6'41.76"E 13°26'19.17"N AAQ5 Senganyam 8.37 ENE 21 Residential Area 80°10'59.70"E 13°24'17.46"N AAQ6 Amirthamangalam 7.00 WSW 81 Residential Area 80° 3'0.82"E 13°20'4.86"N AAQ7 Arani 9.38 SSW 90 Residential Area 80° 5'5.97"E 13°29'47.52"N AAQ 8 Pannagamedu 9.13 N 18 Residential Area 80° 6'3.98"E 13°21'46.22"N AAQ9 Kavaraipettai 6.64 SSE 46 Residential Area 80° 8'17.42"E
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The parameters chosen for assessment of ambient air quality were Particulate Matter<10
(PM10), Particulate Matter<2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur di-oxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen
(NOx),Ammonia (NH3), Ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Benzene (C6H6), BenzonePyrene (BaP), Lead, Nickel and Arsenic.
3.10.2 Instruments used for Sampling Respirable Dust Samplers APM- 460 BL of Envirotech were used for monitoring Particulate matter (PM-10), gaseous pollutants like SO2 and Nox. Fine Particulate Samplers APM 550 of Envirotech was used for monitoring PM 2.5.
Figure 3-5 Map Showing Air Quality Monitoring Locations
3.10.3 Sampling and Analytical Techniques
PM 10 and PM 2.5 have been estimated by gravimetric method. In RDS, ambient air is sucked through a cyclone. Coarse and non-respirable dust is separated from the air stream by centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles, these particles fall through the cyclone’s conical hopper and gets collected in the sampling cap placed at the bottom. The fine dust (<10 microns) forming the respirable particulate matter (PM 10) passes the cyclone and is retained on the filter paper. A tapping is provided on the suction side of
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PM 2.5 was determined by Fine Particulate Sampler. The air inlet has a circular symmetry so that air entry is unaffected by wind direction and is designed to keep out rain, insects and very large particles. The inlet section immediately leads to an impactor stage designed to trap particles with an aerodynamic diameter larger than 10 microns. Thus the air stream in the down tube consists of only medium and fine particulates. The streamlined air flow of the down tube is accelerated through the nozzle of the well shape dimpactor designed to trap medium size particulates with an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 10 microns. To avoid sampling errors due to the tendency of small particles to bounce off the impaction surface a 37mm diameter GF/A paper immersed in silicone oil is used as an impaction surface. The air stream leaving the WINS impactor consists of microns. These fine particles are collected on a special Teflon membrane filter of 47 mm diameter.
Modified West and Gaeke method (IS-5182 part-II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2 and Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS-5182 part-IV, 1975) has been adopted for the estimation of Nox. The techniques for sampling and analysis of parameters are presented in the Table 3.6.
Table 3-6 Techniques used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
S. No Parameters Technique
1 Particulate Matter (PM 10), µg/m3 Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone)
2 Particulate Matter (PM 2.5), µg/m3 Gravimetric (Fine particulate Sampler) 3 Oxides of Sulphur (SO2), µg/m3 EPA Modified West & Gaeke method 4 Oxides of Nitrogen (Nox), µg/m3 Arsenite Modified Jacob & Hochheiser Total Volatile Organic Compounds 5 EPA METHOD TO 17 (TVOC), µg/m3 6 Hydrocarbon, µg/m3 IS 5182: Pt 12: 1991 7 Benzene (C6H6), µg/m3 IS 5182: Pt 11: 2006 8 Benzo Pyrene (BaP), ng/m3 IS 5182: Pt 12: 1991
9 Lead (Pb), µg/m3 IS 5182 P 22: 2004
10 Arsenic (As), ng/m3 IS 5182 P 22: 2004
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11 Nickel (Ni), ng/m3 IS 5182 P 22: 2004 12 Ammonia (NH3), µg/m3 Indophenols blue method 13 Ozone (O3), µg/m3 KI Absorption Method 14 Carbon Monoxide, mg/m3 Gas Analyser (NDIR)
3.10.4 Results Various parameters like maximum, minimum and average have been computed from the monitored data for all the locations and summary of Ambient Air Quality test results are presented in Tables 3.7.
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Table 3-7 Summary of Ambient Air Quality Result
PM10, µg/m3 PM 2.5, µg/m3 SO2, µg/m3 NOX, µg/m3 Code Location 98 98 98 98 Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg Min Max Avg %ile %ile %ile %ile
AAQ1 Project Site 49.7 65.4 58.1 64.7 27.1 36.4 31.5 35.9 7.11 11.6 9.32 11.1 13.9 21.4 17.2 20.9
AAQ2 Equvarpalayam 31.6 40.8 36.1 40.1 16.8 21.4 19 21.1 5.12 5.93 5.54 5.84 8.62 11.1 9.83 10.8
AAQ3 Thandalacheri 44 53.7 48.9 52.8 23.6 28.7 26.4 28.2 6.64 9.51 7.97 9.41 12.4 17.6 15.2 17.1 Chinna AAQ4 41.8 49.3 45.4 48.9 18.9 23.6 22.5 23.1 5.84 8.12 7.11 7.96 10.8 15.1 13 14.8 Obulapuram AAQ5 Senganyam 32.4 39.7 35.4 38.9 15.1 20.8 17.7 20.2 5.11 5.84 5.45 5.77 9.11 11.7 10.3 11.4
AAQ6 Amirthamangalam 35.7 46.8 40.7 46.1 18.4 22.8 20.5 22.5 5.68 7.51 6.52 7.43 10.9 14.1 12.6 13.8
AAQ7 Arani 44.1 53.6 49.1 52.9 22.7 26.5 24.7 26.1 6.47 8.24 7.35 8.16 11.7 16.5 14.1 16.2
AAQ8 Pannagamedu 37.1 45.6 41.4 44.9 19.1 23.6 21.6 23.2 5.54 6.71 6.15 6.62 10.1 14.4 12.2 14.1
AAQ9 Kavaraipettai 48.7 62.8 55.4 61.7 24.1 32.5 28.4 32.1 6.79 9.44 8.15 9.32 12.2 16.7 14.3 16.4
CPCB Standards
Industrial /Residential / 100 60 80 80 Rural and Other Area
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CO, mg/m3 Ozone, µg/m3 Ammonia, Code Location Pb, µg/m3 98 98 µg/m3 Min Max Avg Min Max Avg %ile %ile AAQ1 Project Site 0.1 0.36 0.23 0.34 12.2 15.7 14.1 15.6 BDL (<5) BDL(<0.1) AAQ2 Equvarpalayam BDL(<0.1) 5.64 8.42 7.10 8.34 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) AAQ3 Thandalacheri BDL(<0.1) 9.69 12.5 11.1 12.3 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) AAQ4 Chinna Obulapuram BDL(<0.1) 8.56 12.1 10.8 11.7 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) AAQ5 Senganyam BDL(<0.1) 7.14 9.55 8.27 9.42 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) AAQ6 Amirthamangalam BDL(<0.1) 8.05 10.2 9.11 10.1 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0. 1) AAQ7 Arani BDL(<0.1) 9.56 13.7 11.2 13.3 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) AAQ8 Pannagamedu BDL(<0.1) 8.11 10.7 9.32 10.4 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) AAQ9 Kavaraipettai 0.11 0.23 0.16 0.22 11.9 15.1 13.4 14.8 BDL(<5) BDL(<0.1) CPCB Standards Industrial/ Residential/ Rural 2 100 2 1 and Other Area
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Benzene, Benzo[a]py Arsenic Nickel Code Location µg/m3 rene, ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 AAQ1 Project Site BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) AAQ2 Equvarpalayam BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) AAQ3 Thandalacheri BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) Chinna AAQ4 BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) Obulapuram AAQ5 Senganyam BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) AAQ6 Amirthamangalam BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0. 1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) AAQ7 Arani BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) AAQ8 Pannagamedu BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) AAQ9 Kavaraipettai BDL (<0.1) BDL (<0.1) BDL (<1) BDL (<1) CPCB Standards Industrial/ Residential/ 5 1 6 20 Rural and Other Area
3.10.5 Observation
PM10: The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM10 were recorded as 65.4 g/m3 and 31.6 g/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average concentrations were ranged between 35.4 and 58.1g/m3.
PM2.5: The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM2.5 were recorded as 36.4 g/m3 and 15.1 g/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 17.7 and 31.5g/m3.
SO2: The maximum and minimum SO2 concentrations were recorded as 11.6 g/m3 and 5.11 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Senganyam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 5.45 and 9.32 g/m3.
NOx: The maximum and minimum NOx concentrations were recorded as 21.4g/m3 and 8.62 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 9.83 and 17.2g/m3.
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O3: The maximum and minimum O3 concentrations were recorded as 15.7 and 5.64 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at Equvarpalayam. The average values were observed to be in the range of 7.10 and 14.1g/m3.
CO: The maximum and minimum CO concentrations were recorded as 0.36 and BDL<0.1 mg/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at project site and the minimum concentration was recorded at all the locations except project site and kavaraipettai.
The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx, are observed to be well within the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Rural, Residential and Other area. All the values of NH3, heavy metals (Pb, Ar, Ni & Hg), Benzene and BaP, VOCs were found to be below detection limits.
3.11 Noise Environment The main objective of monitoring of ambient noise levels was to establish the baseline noise levels in the surrounding areas and to assess the total noise level in the environment of the study area.
3.11.1 Identification of Sampling Locations A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise sources in the area. The sampling location in the area was identified considering the location of industry, residential area, Highways and Institutional areas. The noise monitoring locations are presented in Table 3.8 and shown in Figure 3.6.
Table 3-8 Noise Quality Monitoring stations
Direction Distance with with Location Geographical respect respect to Environmental Sample location Code Location to project Setting project site site ( km) 13°24'48.27"N N1 Project Site - - Industrial Area 80° 6'46.20"E 13°26'51.00"N N2 Equvarpalayam 5.81 NW Residential Area 80° 4'7.81"E 13°22'45.63"N N3 Thandalacheri 3.92 SW Residential Area 80° 6'5.95"E Chinna 13°26'59.55"N N4 4.03 N Residential Area Obulapuram 80° 6'46.76"E
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13°26'22.59"N N5 Senganyam 8.37 ENE Residential Area 80°10'59.53"E 13°24'18.20"N N6 Amirthamangalam 7.00 WSW Residential Area 80° 2'58.89"E 13°19'49.80"N N7 Arani 9.38 SSW Residential Area 80° 5'4.97"E 13°29'48.41"N N8 Pannagamedu 9.13 N Residential Area 80° 6'4.74"E 13°21'49.40"N N9 Kavaraipettai 6.64 SSE Residential Area 80° 8'17.47"E
3.11.2 Instrument used for Sampling Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter. The sound level meter measures the equivalent continuous noise level (Leq) by switching on the corresponding function mode.
3.11.3 Method of Monitoring Noise, in general, is sound which is composed of many frequency components of various types of loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most common and universally accepted scale is the ‘A’ weighted Scale which is measured as dB (A). This is more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hz. The scale has been designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear. Sound pressure level measurements were measured at all locations pressure level measurements were taken for every hour for 24 hours.
Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were measured at all locations. The readings were taken for every hour for 24 hours. The day noise levels have been monitored during 6 am to 10 pm and night levels during 10 pm to 6 am at all the locations covered in 10- km radius of the study area. The noise levels were measured once during the study period. These readings were later tabulated and the frequency distribution table was prepared. Finally, hourly and 24 hourly values for various noise parameters viz. Lday and Lnight were calculated.
For noise levels measured over a given period of time, it is possible to describe important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the percent of the time certain noise levels exceed the time interval. The notations for the statistical quantities of noise levels are described below:
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L10 is the noise level exceeded 10 per cent of the time
L50 is the noise level exceeded 50 per cent of the time and
L90 is the noise level exceeded 90 per cent of the time Equivalent Sound Pressure Level (Leq)
The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same sound energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same period. This is necessary because sound from noise source often fluctuates widely during a given period of time.
This is calculated from the following equation:
Leq = L50 + (L10 - L90)2/60
Parameters Measured During Monitoring For noise levels measured over a given period of time interval, it is possible to describe important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the percent of the time, certain noise levels are exceeded during the time interval. The notation for the statistical quantities of noise levels id described below:
Hourly Leq day: Equivalent noise levels between 6.00 hours to 22.00 hours.
Leq night: Equivalent noise levels between 22.00 hours to 6.00 hours.
Figure 3-6 Map showing the location of Noise level monitoring stations
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3.11.4 Results
The summary of computed ambient noise level parameters like Lday and Lnight are presented in Table 3.9 and compared to the standards specified by CPCB mentioned below in Table 3.10
Table 3-9 Ambient Noise Level
Leq Location Leq day Leq Sample location Night Code [dB(A)] [dB(A)] [dB(A)] N1 Project Site 53.8 44.7 52.3 N2 Equvarpalayam 44.9 34.7 43.3 N3 Thandalacheri 48.6 41.6 47.3 Chinna N4 48.2 42.4 47.0 Obulapuram N5 Senganyam 45.7 36.6 44.2 N6 Amirthamangalam 47.1 39.3 45.7 N7 Arani 50.5 43.6 49.2 N8 Pannagamedu 46.4 40.7 45.2 N9 Kavaraipettai 51.8 44.1 50.4
Table 3-10 Ambient Noise Quality Standards
Category of Area / Limits in dB (A) Leq Zone Day Time Night Time Industrial Area 75 70 Commercial Area 65 55 Residential Area 55 45 Silence Zone 50 40 Source: CPCB
Note: Daytime shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.
Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.
3.11.5 Observations Day time Noise Levels
Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range 44.9 to 53.8 dB (A). The maximum noise level was observed to be 53.8dB (A) at Project Site and a minimum of 44.9 dB (A) was observed at Equvarpalayam.
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Night time Noise Levels
Noise levels observed to fall in the range 34.7 to 44.7 dB (A) during the night time. A maximum of 44.7 dB (A) was observed at Project Site and a minimum of 34.7 dB (A) was observed at Equvarpalayam. Measured noise levels are observed to be in compliance with prescribed standards for ambient noise for the respective applicable categories.
3.12 Water Environment Water sampling has been conducted to establish baseline water quality in the area. Water analysis was carried out for physical and chemical parameters as per the methods prescribed in IS and “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (American Public Health Association)”.
3.12.1 Sampling Locations The details of the water sampling stations are presented in the Table 3.11 and shown in Figure 3.7.
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Table 3-11 Water quality monitoring locations
Distance with Direction with Location respect to Location Geographical location respect to Type of water Code project site project site (km) 13°26'50.31"N GW1 Equvarpalayam NW 5.81 Ground Water 80° 4'6.30"E 13°22'47.38"N GW2 Thandalacheri SW 3.92 Ground Water 80° 6'6.37"E Chinna 13°26'57.65"N GW3 N 4.03 Ground Water Obulapuram 80° 6'49.34"E 13°26'22.70"N GW4 Senganyam ENE 8.37 Ground Water 80°11'1.65"E 13°24'18.20"N GW5 Amirthamangalam WSW 7.00 Ground Water 80° 3'1.06"E 13°20'2.52"N GW6 Arani SSW 9.38 Ground Water 80° 5'1.88"E 13°29'45.57"N GW7 Pannagamedu N 9.13 Ground Water 80° 6'4.34"E 13°21'47.42"N GW8 Kavaraipettai SSE 6.64 Ground Water 80° 8'18.26"E 13°26'53.50"N SW1 Pattupalli Lake ENE 7.30 Surface Water 80°10'12.91"E Gummidipoondi 13°24'53.06"N SW2 E 0.93 Surface Water Tamarai Lake 80° 7'28.29"E 13°20'12.97"N SW3 Arani River SSE 9.20 Surface Water 80° 8'48.43"E Gummidipoondi 13°24'46.98"N SW4 W 0.620 Surface Water SIPCOT Lake 80° 6'23.20"E
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Figure 3-7 Map showing Water quality monitoring locations
3.12.2 Results The physicochemical characteristics of water in the study area are presented in the Tables 3.12 a, b & c and is compared with the standards (IS 10500: Indian Standards/Specifications for Drinking Water) reference values.
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Table 3-12 Results for Water Analysis
Limit as per S. No Parameters Unit Test Method IS 10500 : GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 2012 1 Colour Hazen APHA 22nd Edition 5 1 Nil 2 Nil No Odour No Odour No Odour No Odour 2 Odour - APHA 22nd Edition Agreeable Observed Observed Observed Observed IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 3 pH at 25°C - 6.5-8.5 7.10 6.97 6.94 6.86 2012) IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 4 Electrical Conductivity, μS/cm Not Specified 890 830 684 962 2013) IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 5 Turbidity NTU 1 0.7 BDL (<0.5) 0.9 BDL (<0.5) 2012) IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 540 466 374 558 2012) Total Hardness as IS : 3025 Part 21-2009 (Reaff: 7 mg/l 200 304 256 130 216 CaCO3 2014) Total Alkalinity as IS : 3025 Part 23- 8 mg/l 200 101 204 62 156 CaCO3 1986(Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 9 Chloride as Cl mg/l 250 216 99 113 162 2014)
10 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- SO42- E 200 44 75 52 82 11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500-F B&D 1.0 0.52 0.49 0.39 0.68
12 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- NO3- B 45 8 3 24 15
13 Ammonia as N-NH3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- NH3 B&C 0.5 0.05 0.14 0.41 BDL (<0.5) IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 14 Sodium as Na mg/l Not Specified 75 75 68 120 (Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 15 Potassium as K mg/l Not Specified 5 2.5 17 5.1 (Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 16 Calcium as Ca mg/l 75 72 62 30 42 (Reaff:2014) 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22nd EDITION 30 30 24 13 27 18 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 1 BDL(<0.05) BDL (<0.05) 0.14 0.09
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19 Manganese as Mn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Mn D 0.1 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) Phenolic compounds as BDL(<0.001 20 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 B,C,D 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) Phenol ) 21 Copper as Cu mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 (Reaff:2014) 0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.001 22 Mercury as Hg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3112B 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) ) BDL(<0.003 23 Cadmium as Cd mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.003 BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) ) 24 Selenium as Se mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 25 Total Arsenic as As mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 26 Cyanide as CN mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN E 0.05 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 27 Lead as Pb mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 28 Zinc as Zn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3111 B 5 0.06 0.14 0.18 0.23 29 Total Chromium as Cr mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 30 Nickel as Ni mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.02 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Al-B 31 Aluminium as Al mg/l 0.03 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 2012
Limit as per S. No Parameters Unit Test Method IS 10500 : GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 2012 Haze 1 Colour APHA 22nd Edition 5 Nil 1 Nil Nil n No Odour No Odour No Odour No Odour 2 Odour - APHA 22nd Edition Agreeable Observed Observed Observed Observed IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 3 pH at 25°C - 6.5-8.5 7.52 6.96 7.03 6.95 2012) Electrical μS/c IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 4 Not Specified 636 480 777 1910 Conductivity, m 2013) IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 5 Turbidity NTU 1 BDL(<0.5) 1.2 BDL(<0.5) 0.5 2012)
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Total Dissolved IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 6 mg/l 500 352 263 470 1096 Solids 2012) Total Hardness as IS : 3025 Part 21-2009 (Reaff: 7 mg/l 200 164 192 285 490 CaCO3 2014) Total Alkalinity as IS : 3025 Part 23- 8 mg/l 200 152 200 175 350 CaCO3 1986(Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 9 Chloride as Cl mg/l 250 47 27 141 306 2014) 10 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- SO42- E 200 85 18 28 114 11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500-F B&D 1.0 0.42 1.06 0.65 0.59 12 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- NO3- B 45 8 BDL(<1) 9.7 19 13 Ammonia as N-NH3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDI-4500- NH3 B&C 0.5 BDL(<0.05) 0.62 0.11 0.19 IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 14 Sodium as Na mg/l Not Specified 63 28 49 204 (Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 15 Potassium as K mg/l Not Specified 2.2 4.1 9.8 43 (Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 16 Calcium as Ca mg/l 75 46 29 76 124 (Reaff:2014) 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22nd EDITION 30 12 29 23 44 18 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 1 0.08 0.21 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 19 Manganese as Mn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Mn D 0.1 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) Phenolic compounds 20 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 B,C,D 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) as Phenol 21 Copper as Cu mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 (Reaff:2014) 0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 22 Mercury as Hg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3112B 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) 23 Cadmium as Cd mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.003 BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) 24 Selenium as Se mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 25 Total Arsenic as As mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 26 Cyanide as CN mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN E 0.05 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 27 Lead as Pb mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 28 Zinc as Zn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3111 B 5 0.23 0.05 0.09 0.11 Total Chromium as 29 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) Cr 30 Nickel as Ni mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B 0.02 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02)
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APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Al-B 31 Aluminum as Al mg/l 0.03 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 2012
S.N Parameters Unit Test method SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 o 1 Colour Hazen APHA 22ND EDITION 20 15 15 50 No Odour No Odour No Odour Odour 2 Odour - APHA 22ND EDITION Observed Observed Observed Observed IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 3 Turbidity NTU 9.5 8 13.6 50 2012) IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 4 pH at 25°C - 7.57 7.40 7.89 6.41 2012) IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 5 Electrical Conductivity, μS/cm 556 932 1510 2210 2013) IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 292 558 878 1297 2012) IS : 3025 Part 21-2009 (Reaff: 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 140 260 196 330 2014) IS : 3025 Part 23- 8 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 99 185 400 30 1986(Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 9 Chloride as Cl mg/l 97 194 313 610 2014) APHA 22ND EDITION -4500- SO42- 10 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 18 44 24 138 E APHA 22ND EDITION -4500-F 11 Fluoride as F mg/l 0.56 0.82 0.77 1.14 B&D APHA 22ND EDITION -4500- NO3- 12 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 3 2 7 12 B APHA 22ND EDITION -4500- NH3 13 Ammonia as NH3 mg/l 0.37 0.58 0.73 1.05 B&C IS : 3025 Part 31-1988 14 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l 0.18 0.26 0.52 0.78 (Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 15 Sodium as Na mg/l 48 84 224 350 (Reaff:2014) IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 16 Potassium as K mg/l 14 18 15 40 (Reaff:2014)
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IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 17 Calcium as Ca mg/l 37 52 24 96 (Reaff:2014) 18 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION 12 32 33 22 19 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 1.36 1.14 0.64 1.14 20 Manganese as Mn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Mn D 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.10 Phenolic compounds as 21 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 B,C,D BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) Phenol 22 Copper as Cu mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 (Reaff:2003) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 0.08 23 Mercury as Hg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3112B BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) 24 Cadmium as Cd mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) BDL(<0.003) 25 Selenium as Se mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 26 Total Arsenic as As mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 27 Cyanide as CN mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN E BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 28 Lead as Pb mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 0.10 29 Zinc as Zn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3111 B 0.47 0.36 0.51 1.54 30 Total Chromium as Cr mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 31 Nickel as Ni mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) 32 Aluminum as Al mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Al-B 2012 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) 0.05 IS : 3025 Part 17-1984 (Reaff: 33 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 14 10 8 20 2012) Anionic Surfactants as 34 mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION BDL(<0.025) BDL(<0.025) BDL(<0.025) BDL(<0.025) MBAS IS:3025:Part-38:1989 35 Dissolved Oxygen as O2 mg/l 5.4 4.7 5.8 3.6 (Reaff:2014) Chemical Oxygen IS:3025:Part- 36 mg/l 32 43 20 136 Demand 58:2006(Reaff:2012) Bio-Chemical Oxygen IS:3025:Part-44:1993 37 Demand at 27°C for 3 mg/l 4.1 6.8 2.6 27 (Reaff:2014) days IS:3025:Part-39:1991 - 38 Oil and Grease mg/l <4 <4 <4 <4 Reaff:2014) MPN/100 39 Total Coliforms IS 1622 (1981) -Reaff – 2014 900 >1600 240 >1600 ml MPN/100 40 E coli IS 1622 (1981)-Reaff – 2014 70 >1600 23 >1600 ml
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3.12.3 Observations Ground Water
The analysis of ground water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 6.86- 7.52, TDS ranges from 263 mg/l - 1096 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 130 mg/l - 490 mg/l, iron content ranges from BDL(<0.05) – 0.21mg/l, nitrate content ranges from BDL(<1) – 24 mg/l was observed.
Surface Water
The analysis of Surface water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 6.41 – 7.89, TDS ranges from 292 mg/l - 1297 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 140 mg/l - 330 mg/l, DO ranges from 3.6 mg/l -5.8 mg/l was observed.
3.13 Soil Environment
3.13.1 Soil analysis The present study of the soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics and this will help in future in identifying the incremental concentrations if any, due to the operation of the proposed Project. The sampling locations have been identified with the following objectives;
To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area and
To determine the impact of proposed project on soil characteristics Five locations within the study area were selected for soil sampling. At each location, soil samples were collected from three different depths viz., 30 cm, 60 cm and 100 cm below the surface. The samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. The details of the soil sampling location are presented in Table 3.13 and shown in Figure 3.8. The results are presented in Table 3.14 and compared with Standard Soil Classification presented in Table 3.15.
Table 3-13 Soil Sampling Locations
Distance with Direction with the Location Geographical respect to Location respect to project Code Location project site in site km 13°24'47.57"N S1 Project Site - - 80° 6'46.21"E
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13°26'49.44"N S2 Equvarpalayam NW 5.81 80° 4'8.66"E 13°22'45.67"N S3 Thandalacheri SW 3.92 80° 6'8.57"E 13°26'58.09"N S4 Chinna Obulapuram N 4.03 80° 6'46.87"E 13°26'24.32"N S5 Senganyam ENE 8.37 80°10'56.29"E 13°24'17.54"N S6 Amirthamangalam WSW 7.00 80° 2'58.45"E 13°19'59.45"N S7 Arani SSW 9.38 80° 5'9.62"E 13°21'42.63"N S8 Kavaraipettai SSE 6.64 80° 8'18.63"E
Figure 3-8 Map showing the location soil sampling stations
3.13.2 Presentation of Results The results of the soil analysis are tabulated in Table 3.14. Standard soil classification is given in Table 3.15.
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Table 3-14 Soil Quality Results
S.No Parameters S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 1 pH (1:5 Soil Suspension) 7.69 7.84 8.13 7.25 7.72 8.11 7.18 7.52
2 Bulk Density, g/cc 1.36 1.18 1.25 1.39 1.26 1.15 1.23 1.37 Electrical conductivity, mS/cm 3 0.178 0.096 0.067 0.114 0.074 0.136 0.214 0.082 (1:5 Soil Suspension) 4 Total Nitrogen as N, kg/ha 369 457 382 293 317 463 382 271 Available Phosphorous as P, 5 32.8 51.7 25.7 42.4 58.4 60.6 29.3 37.8 kg/ha Available Potassium as K , 6 315 287 360 241 384 258 363 198 kg/ha Exchangeable Calcium as Ca, 7 10.6 13.7 12 8.74 10.9 14.6 13.2 9.14 m.eq/100g Exchangeable Magnesium as 8 3.69 4.69 4.05 2.87 3.27 5.71 4.24 3.81 Mg, m.eq/100g Exchangeable Sodium as Na, 9 3.69 2.74 3.01 3.28 4.66 3.69 4.15 3.16 m.eq/100g 10 Organic matter (%) 1.02 0.93 1.41 0.83 1.13 1.63 1.17 0.88 Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Clay 11 Texture Classification Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Loam Clay Loam Loam 12 Sand (%) 49.3 25.4 30.1 53.4 47.2 22.8 27.6 50.5
13 Clay (%) 26.7 62.8 52.6 23.9 36.9 59.3 54.8 28.3
14 Silt (%) 24 11.8 17.3 22.7 15.9 17.9 17.6 21.2
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Table 3-15 Standard Soil Classification
Chemical Ranking Parameters Very Low Low Moderate High Very High <4, very 4-5, 5-8, Ideal for >9 Very 8-9 Strongly pH Strongly Strongly Plant Strongly Basic Acidic Acidic Growth Basic Electrical 4000-8000 8000-16000 >16000 <2000, 2000-4000 conductivity Moderately Highly Extremely Non saline Saline (μS/cm) Saline Saline Saline Total <0.05 0.05-0.15 0.15-0.25 0.25-0.5 >0.5 Nitrogen (%) Very Low Low Moderate High Very High Total >60 <5 5-10 10-30 Phosphorous 30-60 High Very High Very Low Low Moderate (mg/kg) Sodium <200 Non 200-500 - >500 Sodic (mg/kg) Sodic Moderate Potassium 150-250 250-800 >800 - <150 Low (mg/kg) Moderate High Very High Calcium <1000 1000-2000 - >2000 High - (mg/kg) Low Moderate Magnesium <40 Very 40-100 100-300 >300 High - (mg/kg) Low Low Moderate % Organic 0.5-1.0 1.0-2.0 2.0-3.0 >5 3.0-5.0 High Matter Very Low Low Moderate Very High
3.13.3 Observation The soil results were compared with soil standards. It has been observed that the pH of the soil was ranging from 7.18 to 8.13 indicating the soils are basic in nature. Conductivity of the soil ranges from 0.067 to 0.214 mS/cm. Since the EC value is less than 2000 µS/cm, the soil is said to be Non saline in nature. Texture of the soil sample is predominantly sandy clay. Soil organic content varied from 0.83 to 1.63% which indicates the low level of organic matter. The available nitrogen content ranges between 271 to 463 kg/ha in the locality Which indicates that the soil have high quantities of Nitrogen Phosphorus content varies between 25.7 to 60.6 kg/ha. Which indicates that the soil have high quantities of Phosphorus. The potassium content varies from 198 to 384 kg/ha which indicates that the soils have moderate to high quantities of potassium.
From the above observations it was found that the soil in the Study area shows moderate fertility.
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3.14 Ecological Environment Flora and fauna studies were conducted to assess the existing floral and faunal composition of the area.
3.14.1 Objectives of Ecological Studies The present study was undertaken with the objective of understanding the ecosystem on the following lines:
To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around proposed project site; and
To assess the distribution of animal life spectra.
3.14.2 Methodology Adopted for the Study Assessment of the existing vegetation types in the core and buffer zones has been done using standard procedures. The terrain of the impact zone is chiefly plain.
The Biodiversity studies were already carried out in the entire study area of 10 km radius. The study of flora is conducted as per the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, with respect to the scope and objectives. The study involved in collection of primary data by conducting survey in the field, examination of floral and faunal records in previously published reports and records, and analysis of the information in view of the possible alteration in environment of the proposed project site. For the survey of fauna both direct and indirect observation methods were used.
3.14.3 Flora in the Study Area The list of flora observed in the buffer zone is given in Table 3.16.
Table 3-16 List of Flora observed in the study area
S.No Botanical Name Local Name 1 Azadirachta indica Vembu 2 Bassia Latifolia lllupai 3 Bambusa Arundincea Mungil 4 Bauhihia Racemose Athi 5 Borassus Flabellifer Panai 6 Butea Monosoermas Elaiporasa 7 Calotropis Giganntia Erukkai 8 Cassia auriculata Avaram 9 Cassis Fistusa Konnai 10 Ceiba Pentandr Elavamanam 11 Cissus Quadrangularis Pirandai
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12 Cocosnucifera Therirai 13 Dichrostachys-Cineria Vedatharai 14 Dalbergia Paniculata Patcheli 15 Doclonea Viseosa Virali 16 Dalbergia Siseosa Sissoo 17 Delbengia Latipolia ltti 18 Emblica Officinals Nelli 19 Erythrina Indica Mullumurungai 20 Erythroxylon-Monogynun Sembulicham 21 Euphorbia antiguorum Kalli 22 Ferronia Limonia Vilam 23 Ficus Bengalensis Alamaram 24 Ficus Racemosa Athimaram 25 Ficus Religiosa Arasu 26 Hemi desmisindicus Nannari 27 Inga Dulcis Kodukkapuli 28 Jatropha Curcas Kattamannakku 29 Lantana Camara Lantanna 30 Louces aspera (poochedi)Thimbai 31 Loranthus longiflores Pullurin 32 Mangifera Indica Mamaram 33 Morinda Tingtoria Nona (Manjanthi) 34 Mimosa Pudica Thottasurungi 35 Opuntia Dellenli Nagothali 36 Odinaz Wodier (Sappathikalli)Othian 37 Peltophorum Ferrugieium lyalvagai 38 Prosopis Juliflora Velikattan 39 Phaemix Sylvestris Echam 40 Samamea Pinnata Thoongambonsima 41 Pongamia pinneta ram (mazaimaron)Pungam 42 Polyalthia Langfolia Asokam 43 Syzygium Cuminii (Nettiligam)Naval 44 Santalum album Santhanan 45 Randia Dumetonum Karai 46 Securingea Leuophysus Vepplai 47 Solanam Pubescens Sundai 48 Tamarindus Indica Puli 49 Tectonia Grandis Tekku 50 Ternsinalia Bellerica Thani 51 Thespesia Populnea Poovarasu 52 Vitex negundo Mochi 53 Wrightia Tinctoria Veppalai 54 Zizyphus Jujuba Elandai 55 Zizyphus Xylopyrus Kottai elandai 56 Zizyphus Oenoplia Sutaimullu 57 Limonia acidissima Kattuelanitchai
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3.14.4 Fauna in the study area Field studies are conducted to assess fauna in the study area. List of animals present in the study area are given in Table 3.17.
Table 3-17 List of Fauna observed in the study area List of Amphibians
S.N Scientific Name Common Vernacular o1 Bufo melanostictus NameToad ThavakalamName 2 Calotex versicolor Garden lizard Onan 3 Hyla arborea Tree frog Mara Thavakalai 4 Rana cyanophlyctis Frog Thavakalai
List of Mammals
S.No Scientific Name Common Name Vernacular Name 1 Cynopterus sphinx Fruit bat Vavaal. Funambulus 2 Squirrel Anil palmaram 3 Herpestes edwardii Mongoose Keeripillai 4 Rattus norvegicus Field mouse Eli 5 Rattus rattus House rat Eli
List of Birds
Vernacular S.No Scientific Name Common Name Name 1 Athene brahma Spotted owlet Anthai 2 Corvus splendus Common Crow Kakka 3 Lonchura straita Spotted munia Munia 4 Cuculus varus Cuckoo Kuyil 5 Ploceus phillippinus Weaver bird Chitukuruvi 6 Psittacula krameri Parrakeet Killi 7 Adreoli grayii Pond Heron Kokku 8 Porphyra prophyra Purple swamphen Neelakokku 9 Surniculus lugubris Drongo cuckoo Karichankuyil Small Blue 10 Alcedo coerulescens Meenkotti kingfisher Pachai 11 Merops orienbtalis Green Bea Eater Panchurutaan 12 Egretta garzetta Little egret Chinnakokku
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13 Bubulcus ibis Cattle egret Unnikokku 14 Fulica sp. Rallideae NeerKozhi 15 Hydrophasianus .C. Jacanideae Tamaraiillaikolli
List of Snakes
S.No Scientific Common Name Vernacular Name 1 EalpidaeName Indian Rattle snake Rattle 2 Eryx johnii Rat snake Errattathalaiyan 3 Corlutridae Indian sand boa Boa
3.14.5 Environmental Sensitivity As per MoEF guideline, 10 Km radius from the project site is considered as study area for evaluating environmental sensitivity. The description of the environmental sensitivity of the proposed site is given below;
National Parks and Wild Life Sanctuaries
Pulicat lake bird sanctuary is found at 11.9km (ENE) from the project site. The project is not located in the Eco-sensitive areas of Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary.
List of flora & Fauna found in Pulicat lake bird sanctuary as per baseline survey conducted and verified by records from the district forest office is given in the Table 3.18 & 3.19.
Table 3-18 List of Fauna found in Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary
Schedule as per Common Name Scientific Name Wildlife Protection Act,1972 Little grebe Podiceps ruficollis SCHEDULE IV Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis SCHEDULE IV Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger SCHEDULE IV Darter Anhinga rufa SCHEDULE IV Little Erget Egretta garzette - Grey Heron Ardea cinerea - Large Egret Casmerodius albus - Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis - Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala SCHEDULE IV Openbill-Stork Anastomus oscitans SCHEDULE IV Oriental White Stork Ciconia SCHEDULE IV Threskiornis Oriental White Ibis SCHEDULE IV melanocephalus Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus - Northern Pintail Anas acuta -
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Common Teal Anas crecca SCHEDULE IV Northern Shoveller Anas clypeata SCHEDULE IV Indian Moorhen Gallinula chloropus - Coot Fulica atra SCHEDULE IV Yellow wattled Lapwing Venellus malabaricus - Grey or Black-bellied Pluvialis squatarola SCHEDULE IV Plover Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus SCHEDULE IV Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea SCHEDULE IV Black-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica - Redshank Tringa totanus - Terek Sandpiper Tringa terek SCHEDULE IV Common Sandpiper Tringa hypoleucos SCHEDULE IV Knot Calidris canutus - Eastern Knot Calidris tenuirostris - Little Stint Calidris minuta - Curlew Sandpiper Calidris testacea SCHEDULE IV Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus - Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus SCHEDULE IV Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta SCHEDULE IV Great Stone Plover Esacus magnirostris SCHEDULE IV Herring Gull Larus argentatus - Brown-headed Gull Larus brunnicephalus SCHEDULE IV Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus - Indian Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrid - Black Tern Chlidonias niger - Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica - Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspica - Common Tern Sterna hirundo - Little Tern Sterna albifrons - Large Crested Tern Sterna bergii - Indian Lesser Crested Sterna bengalensis - Tern
Table 3-19 List of Flora found in Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary
Scientific Name Common Name Tamil Name Borassus flabellifer Palmyrah Panai Phoenix sylvestris Wild date palm Ichen Thespesia populnea Portia tree Poovarasu Azadirachta indica Neem Vembu Ficus bengalensis Banian tree Alamaram Ficus religiosa Sacred peepal Arasu Acacia nilotica Babul Karuvel Prosopis juliflora Prosopis Seemai Karuvel
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Albizzia lebbeck Vagai Vagai Bauhinia recemosa Aathi Mantharai Acacia leucofolia Velvalan Velvalan Pongamia pinnata Pungun Pungun Tamarindus indica Tamarind Pulian Casuarina equisetifolia Savukku Savukku Eucalyptus hybrid Eucalyptus Thailam Shrubs Ocimum sanctum Thulasi Vitex negundo Nochio Opuntia dilleni Sappathi kalli Erycibe paniculata Onan Kodi Anona squamosal Seetha Tamarix gallica Korai Reserve Forests
List of the reserve forests along with distance and direction with respect to the project site is given in Table Table 3.20 - Reserve Forests within 10 Km Radius of the Project Site
Name of Reserve Direction wrt Project S.No. Distance(Aerial) Forest site
1. Puliyur 6.31 WSW
2. Siruvada 9.57 WNW
3. Thervoy 9.82 WSW
3.15 Socio-Economic Environment The assessment of socio economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study. Socio -Economic status of the population is an indicator for the development of the region. Any developmental project of any magnitude will have a bearing on the living conditions and on the economic base of population in particular and the region as a whole. Similarly, the proposed activities will have its share of socio-economic influence in the study area. The section delineates the overall appraisal of society relevant attributes. The data collection for evaluation of impact of proposed project on socioeconomic aspects in the study area has been done through primary household survey and through the analysis of secondary data available for study area.
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3.15.1 Methodology The methodology adopted in assessment of socio-economic condition is as given below;
To assess Socio-Economic conditions of the Population
Analysis of the identified social attributes like population distribution, availability of public utilities etc., through Census of India 2011
Primary household survey to assess the present status of population of the study area
3.15.2 Sources of Information As per the scope of this study, the information on socio-economic aspects has been gathered and compiled from several secondary sources. These include Taluk Office, Collectorate, Agriculture Department, Irrigation Department, Central Ground Water Board, Directorate of Census Operation, Tamil Nadu etc. The demographic data has mainly been compiled from the Census of India 2011. The socio-economic details are briefly described in following sections.
This section includes the present status of the Socio-Economic Environment in the study area. To determine the baseline socio-economic pattern, at and around the project site, the required data have been obtained from the published data. Socio- economic base line data were collected for the following indicators:
Demographic Structure Economic Structure Availability of Basic Amenities
The major demographic and economic structure of the study area are classified into population, literacy rate and workers details.
3.15.3 Settlement Pattern The proposed project site is at Karumbukuppam Village, Gummidipoondi Taluk, Tiruvallur District, and Tamil Nadu. The area within 10 km radius from the proposed area has been considered as study area.
3.15.3.1 Population According to the 2011 census, Tiruvallur district has a population of 37,28,104. The district has a population density 1,098 people per square kilometer. Its population
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3.15.3.2 Demography Almost all villages in the study area are experiencing a rapid growth of population, which may be due to the process of urbanization and industrialization. According to 2011 census, Tiruvallur district had a population of 37,28,104. With a sex-ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 4,05,669 were under the age of six, constituting 2,08,449 males and 1,97,220 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 8,21,646 and 47,243 of the population respectively. Average literacy rate of Tiruvallur district in 2011 were 84.03 compared to 76.94 of 2001. The district had a total of 9,46,949 households. There were a total of 12,47,918 main workers, comprising 73,444 main cultivators, 270,586 main agricultural laborer’s, 9,72,590 other workers, 2,90,136 marginal workers, 13,008 marginal cultivators, 97,436 marginal agricultural laborers.
3.15.3.3 Distribution of Population The distribution of population in the study area is given in Table 3.20.
Table 3-20 Distribution of population in the study area
Study Particulars Area No. of Households 69,317 Male Population 1,34,035 Female Population 1,31,770 Total Population 2,65,805 Average Household 3.83 Size Sex ratio 983 The males and females constitute about 50.42% and 49.57% respectively of the total population in the study area.
3.15.3.4 Average Household Size The study area had a family size of 3.83 as per census records. This lower family size could be attributed to a high degree of urbanization with migration of people with higher literacy levels who generally opt for smaller family size with family welfare measures and also due to the prevalence of single member families, a common phenomenon in mining and industrial areas.
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3.15.3.5 Sex Ratio The configuration of male and female indicates that the males constituted about 50.42% population while the females worked out to be 49.57% of the population. The sex ratio i.e. the number of females per 1000 males, which indirectly reveals certain sociological aspects in relation with female births, infant mortality among female children and single person family structure, a resultant of migration of industrial workers, was found at 983.
3.15.3.6 Social Structure Census records show that about 21.79% of the population belonged to Scheduled Castes (SC) and 2.11% to Scheduled Tribes (ST). This indicates that the weaker section people work out to about 23.67% of the total population and the remaining 76.32% people belong to Other Backward Castes and forward castes. The distribution of population by social structure in the study area is presented in Table 3.21.
Table 3-21 Distribution of Population by Social Structure
S. No. Particulars Study Area
1 Scheduled Castes 57,929 2 % to total population 21.79 3 Scheduled Tribes 5,631 4 % to total population 2.11 5 Total SC and ST 62,923 6 % to total population 23.67 7 Other Castes 2,02,882 8 % to total population 76.32
3.15.3.7 Literacy Levels The distribution of literate and literacy rate in the study area is given in Table 3.22.
Table 3-22 Distribution of Literate and Literacy Rates
S. No. Particulars Study Area
1 Total literate 2791721 2 Average literacy (%) 84.03 3 Total illiterates 936383
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4 Average illiteracy (%) 15.96 The literacy rate works out to 84.03%. The rate of illiteracy was observed to be 15.96% in the study area. This indicates a major sociological development in the region. This can be attributed to the Tamil Nadu Government's literacy improvement schemes.
3.15.3.8 Occupational Structure The occupational structure of residents in the study area is studied with reference to main workers and non-workers. The main workers include 10 categories of workers defined by the Census Department consisting of cultivators, agricultural labourers, those engaged in live-stock, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying; manufacturing, processing and repairs in household industry; and other than household industry, construction, trade and commerce, transport and communication and other services. As per census records altogether the workers works out to be 43.80% of the total population. The occupational structure of the study area is given in Table 3.23.
Table 3-23 Occupational Structure
Study Area S. No. Occupation % to No. Population 1 Total workers 1,16,440 43.80 2 Total non-workers 1,49,365 56.19
3.16 Availability of Infrastructure Availability of infrastructure and facilities denote the level of overall development in the study area. The list of industries, schools, colleges and hospitals located near the study area are given below:
Industries
SIPCOT Sez
Durga Steel Industries
Poseidon Lighting Pvt. Ltd.
Green Signal Bio Pharma Pvt. Ltd.
Tulsyan Nec Ltd.
Leitner Shriram Manufacturing Ltd.
Shinshung petrochemical Pvt. Ltd.
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Apollo Distilleries Private Limited
Flocon system private limited
Mitsuba Sical India Private Limited
TVS Sundram Fastners Limited Foundry,
IEC FabChem Limited,
Hi-Tech Carbon,
Kamachi Industries Limited
SRF Limited
Tamilnadu Air Products Private Limited
Western Thomson India Limited
Tamilnadu Waste Management Limited,
OPG Power Generation Pvt,
Anjan Drug Private Limited,
Emrald Resilient Tyre Manufacturers.
Mabel Engineers Private Limited
RBA Exports Private Limited
Precision Hydraulics Private Limited
Manchu Toughend Glass (P) Limited
Kemin Industries South Asia Private Limited
Madras Hydraulic Hose Pvt Ltd. Institutions
Medical University RMD Engineering College RMK College of Engineering Vivekananda Matriculation School Vellammal Group of Schools Sri Devi Arts and Science College KLK Govt higher secondary school
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Hospitals
SDK hospital
Suriya hospital
Government hospital
KS balaje eye hospital
Billa kuppam hospital
ESI hospital
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ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 Introduction Environmental Impact can be defined as “any alteration of environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration. Prediction and Identification of Impacts is the most important component in the Environmental Assessment study. This chapter helps to identify and assess the potential changes in the environment that could be expected from the proposed project. The prediction of impact can be done with the help of baseline data collected, which shows the environmental quality to derive the environmental scenario.
The major impacts that could result from the implementation of project are felt on the land, air, water, biological, socio-economic and aesthetic environments. Each impact is classified by different categories as follows:
During operation phase which would have long-term effects. The operational phase of the surfactants Division comprise various activities each of which have been considered to assess the impact on one or another environmental parameters. Health and safety management Topography, Soil, Water Resources and Quality, Air Quality, Noise Levels, Land Use Pattern, Terrestrial Ecology, Aquatic Ecology, Demographic and Socio-economic.
The details of the activities of the proposed production capacity during construction and operation phases are described in following sections.
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4.2 Identification of Impacts
4.2.1 Impact on Topography The proposed site is fairly flat land. There will be no tall structures except stacks in the plant. The topography of the plant will not be changed significantly during the operational period. The exit temperature from the stacks will be maintained in the range of 35°C to 110°C, which is not likely to have any significant impact on the local or regional climate.
4.2.1 Impact on Air Environment During operation phase, intermittent gaseous emissions are anticipated from Reactors, Spray Dryer, Boiler & DG sets which are all already under operation with adequate APC measures and stack of sufficient height as per CPCB guidelines to achieve natural dispersion of pollutants. The existing APC measures is sufficient for present activities and additional APC measures are designed for the proposed production capacity which will be installed to achieve the standard emission level. Increase in vehicular emissions is anticipated due to truck/ movement. To control vehicular emissions, vehicles engaged will essentially have Pollution under Control Certificate (PUCC) to minimize vehicular emissions.
During operation phase, fugitive emission sources like Chemical storages, Chemical transfer/charging from drums, Process reactor vent and Laboratory testing will be equipped with proper system to avoid the impact on air environment.
Therefore, during operation phase the impacts on the ambient air quality will be within CPCB/MoEFCC/TNPCB norms.
Mitigation Measures
Good housekeeping, providing adequate air pollution control measures and stack of adequate heights will be provided.
The emission sources for the proposed project i.e., Boiler, DG set, Alkali Scrubber will be designed with adequate stack heights and air pollution control measures to meet the standards set by the TNPCB / CPCB. For the proposed plant the following measures will be taken up for control of gaseous emissions:
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4.2.2.1 Air Pollution Management (Scrubber Design) Stack emissions and fugitive emissions from the process as well as storage areas may contribute to increase in concentrations of PM, SO2, NOx, H2S, VOCs and acid mist. Adequate and efficient control measures will be installed to keep the gaseous emissions to a minimum. The principal air pollution control systems proposed for the sulphonation plant are
Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) and Alkali Scrubber. The SO2 and Acid mist released during the sulphonation process would be cleaned by taking the gas through an ESP to remove the acid mist followed by alkali scrubber to remove the SO2 gas. The clean gas will be discharged into atmosphere through a stack of 30.0 m height. Electrostatic Precipitator System
The Electrostatic Precipitator employs a proprietary electrode design in an air jacketed bank of collection tubes. The High Intensity Torroidal Electron Corona (HITEC) produced by the electrode charges the inlet particulates, which are collected at the passive tube wall. Coalesced organic acids (bottoms) discharge at the bottom of the vessel. Heating or cooling air may be circulated through the collection tube jacket (shell side) to promote tube-side drainage for more viscous materials. All charged parts of the electrostatic precipitator are constructed of 316 series stainless steel, and the design includes an internal spray washing system for cleaning the electrodes and vessel internals. Safety interlocks and access way locks are to be provided to ensure the safe operation and maintenance of the unit. The schematic diagram of Electrostatic Precipitator System is shown in Figure - 4.1.
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Figure 4-1 HITEC Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) System
The ESP vessel is designed in several sections with specialized functions. The bottom section contains a gas distribution plate. Gases entering the bottom section are distributed across the vessel into the collection tubes that are mounted vertically in the central section of the ESP vessel. The collection tubes are sealed into a tube sheet at each end so that gases passing through the collection tubes are conveyed to the upper section. The vessel casing of the tube section forms a jacket around the tubes, much like the shell side of a shell and tube heat exchanger. Centered in each collection tube is an electrode mast with seven (7) electrode discs located along its axis. An electric corona discharge is developed around the discs and an electrostatic field drives charged particles from the mast to the tube wall. Mist particles acquire a surface charge from the corona and migrate to the tube wall as a result of the electric field within the tube. Droplets coalesce at the tube wall into a liquid film which drains by
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited gravity, and drips into the bottom head. A steady state liquid discharge begins after several hours of operation. Cleaned gases leave the upper section of the ESP. The high voltage rectifier and the insulator support housing are located on the top of the ESP tube sheet. To prevent mists of corrosive and conductive materials from wetting the insulators and connections, the heated purge air from the shell of the ESP is used to purge the upper section containing the insulators. The purge blower supplies sufficient air flow around the insulators to protect them from fouling. Purge Air System The purge air blower must be kept ON whenever an ESP is in use. The ESP transformer is also interlocked to the main process air blower. A time delay relay is used to allow sufficient time to purge the ESP. Transformer/Rectifier and Control Panel Mounted on a supporting steel brace at the vessel top is the Transformer/Rectifier (T/R) Set. This unit converts AC line voltage primary power to high voltage DC power. The T/R set functions in response to the controller circuitry located within the ESP Control Panel. The Control Panel is usually mounted in the control room area, but may be located for convenience near the ESP if desired. The T/R set and the Control Panel each have disconnect switches fitted with key locks. These function to ensure that power is disconnected from the T/R and Control Panel (locked off) whenever the ESP vessel is serviced. Alkali Scrubber
Effluent process gases leaving the sulfonation system are free of residual SO3, but may contain any unconverted SO2 gas and entrained particulate anionic materials (acidic mists of sulfonic acid). This gas stream is not suitable for direct discharge to atmosphere. The exhaust gases from the ESP are passed through an alkali scrubber system. The packed tower SO2 scrubber system is designed to operate with minimal operator attention as a semi-continuous batch recycle scrubber. The recycle tank is charged with a dilute caustic soda solution which is recirculated to the top of the absorber tower. The gas contacts the scrubbing solution counter- currently as it passes upward through the tower to the final stack. The SO2 gas present in the effluent stream is absorbed in the scrubbing solution and reacts with the caustic soda forming Na2SO3. As the caustic soda is consumed, the pH of the scrubbing solution falls, and a pH sensing/transmitter eventually activates an alarm to alert the operation that a new batch
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Of scrubbing solution must be charged to the tank. The batch time is planned so that under normal steady state running conditions, the recycle tank requires caustic and make-up water addition of not more than once per shift. When caustic is added, the tank is pumped down and recharged with fresh make-up water. The packed tower
Figure 4-2 SO2 Scrubber System
SO2 absorber, or "caustic scrubber," is the final piece of effluent gas- conditioning apparatus in the plant. It follows the electrostatic precipitator and is used to absorb SO2 in the exhaust gas. The SO2 absorber consists of a packed tower, recycle tank, a pump for recirculating the scrubbing solution with pH, temperature and pressure monitoring equipment. The schematic diagram of SO2 scrubber system is shown in Figure - 4.2. In operation, a dilute caustic solution is re-circulated through the packed tower where it contacts and absorbs the SO2 in the effluent gas. The caustic reacts to form sodium Sulphate, which is then oxidized to sodium Sulphate in the absorber. Dilute solutions must be used to prevent salt buildup in the tower during operation. During normal operation, a batch typically
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited lasts six to eight hours. Re-circulation of caustic solution should be set so that the gas pressure drop through the tower is 15 to 20 cm of water. The pH of the scrubbing solution should be maintained above a pH of eight. Typically, when the pH falls below 9 or 10, the spent scrubbing solution is pumped away and the recycle tank is recharged. A pH low alarm alerts the operator to batch out the solution. The packed tower is filled with packing constructed from polypropylene. Under normal operating conditions, the inlet gas temperature will be about 37 to 43 C, and the tower exhaust temperature will be slightly lower due to evaporative cooling.
4.2.2.2 Odour Control Management The principal air pollution and odour control systems proposed for the Sulphonation plant will be Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) and Alkali Scrubber.
The SO2, acid mist and other volatile gases coming from the Sulphonation process will be cleaned by taking the gas through an ESP to remove the acid mist followed by alkali scrubber to remove the SO2 gas contaminants. The clean gas will be discharged into atmosphere through a stack of 38.0 m height.
Effluent Gas Treatment System
Effluent process gases leaving the Sulphonation system or SO3 absorber are virtually free of residual SO3, but may contain unconverted SO2 gas and entrained particulate anionic materials (acidic mists of sulfonic acid). However to remove the traces of SO3, a filter vessel using candle filter element is installed, where fresh LAB is sprayed to absorb SO3 gas and the gas system becomes virtually free of SO3 gas. To remove the acid mist particles which have escaped from acid mist eliminator, a vessel called ESP is installed. The recommended system employs a proprietary electrostatic precipitator designed to collect particulate mists. A packed tower scrubber will be installed further to absorb SO2 gas in a dilute caustic solution. Final effluent gases are suitable for discharge to the atmosphere. The flow sheet of effluent gas treatment system is shown in Figure - 9.2.
Air Pollution Control Measures: Highly improved ceramic packing will be used in towers for proper absorption; Improved cesium based catalyst which are highly active and kindle even at low temperatures with high conversion efficiency particularly used in 3rd and 4th pass completely to ensure 99.5% conversion and above;
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Avoiding sharp bends in design to avoid leakage, by usage of good quality materials in fabrication; Individual acid circulation pumps for all the three towers separately to ensure complete absorption and drying of air; Caustic lye water wash tower for washing the tail gases before it enters to chimney;
Proper online SO2 analyser will be installed at the chimney outlet point; Providing ambient air monitoring station on corners of industry. Fig-9.2
Figure 4-3 Effluent Gas Treatment System
4.2.2 Impact on Noise Environment The existing average ambient noise level at the boundary walls of the plant, as monitored during baseline data generation are in the range of 44.7 to 53.8 dB(A). At the plant, DG sets will be intermittent source of noise generation and will be operated only during grid power failure. The noise levels from these operations shall be in the range of 75 to 80 dB (A). To control noise levels, DG sets will be provided with acoustic enclosures and anti- vibration pads.
Mitigation Measures
Noise levels from plant will not reach its boundary as dense green belt will be developed around the plant, which will work as an effective noise barrier. DG sets room will be acoustically treated to control noise levels as per CPCB guidelines.
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Ear muff and ear plugs will be provided to operators while working at high noise areas. Impacts due to Vehicular Traffic
A marginal increase in the vehicular traffic will be envisaged due to the transportation of raw materials, chemicals etc in the proposed project. Therefore the impact caused by the marginal increase in vehicular movement would be insignificant on the surrounding environment.
4.2.3 Impact on Water Environment
4.2.3.1 Water Resources Operation Phase
During operation phase the water requirement is met by SIPCOT/Private Tankers, hence there will not be any impact on the ground water aquifers and surface water bodies.
4.2.3.2 Water Quality Construction Phase The water requirement during construction phase is estimated at, which will be met from SIPCOT/Private Tanker. During construction period, the water may be affected due to the construction work and loosening of topsoil, which increase the suspended solids in the run-off during heavy precipitation. In order to reduce the impact on water quality, temporary sedimentation tanks were constructed for the settlement of the suspended matter. Sanitation Sufficient and suitable toilet facilities for workers in the construction site was provided to meet the proper standards of hygiene. These facilities were maintained to ensure minimum environmental impact. Sanitation facilities such as Septic Tank will be set up for disposal of sanitary sewage generated by the workforce, drivers, cleaners and visitors. Workers from nearby localities will be employed and so no temporary housing for construction workers is required. The demand for water and sanitation facilities will also be small and is considered manageable at the site itself.
Mitigation Measures
The excavation work will be minimal.
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All the debris generated from construction site will be collected and disposed suitably. Sewage generated from the site will be treated through septic tank followed by soak pit. Earthworks will be avoided during rainy season and will be completed during summer season. Construction of concrete drains for storm water to minimize soil erosion in the area will be undertaken. The development of green belt in and around plant will be taken up. Use of water will be minimized during the construction phase
Operational Phase: The proposed plant will require 155 KLD quantity of fresh water for Plant operations.
4.2.3.2.1 Effluent The main sources of effluent will be process Effluent/General Cleaning Water, Floor washings, Alkali Scrubber, Boiler and cooling tower.
Mitigation Measures
Achieving ZLD scheme without disposing any treated water inside or outside the premises. Layout of ZLD is enclosed as Annexure VI Details of ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) The raw effluent will be received at the inlet of the bar screen to trap any floating particles and debris. A belt type oil skimmer and grease trap will be provided to remove the floating oil and grease. The oil free effluent will be pumped to the flash mixer where lime – dolomite will be added to precipitate the dissolved solids, sulphates and other organic impurities present in the effluent. The effluent from the flash mixer overflows to the settling tank where poly will be added and the impurities are removed as sludge from the bottom of the tank. The sludge will be sent to sludge drying beds. The clear supernatant overflows to the Clarified Water tank where Hypo will be dosed for disinfection. Filter Feed pumps transfer the clarified water to the downstream Pressure Media filter and Activated Carbon filter for removal of suspended solids and any traces of organics
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Pressure Sand Filter:
The system is provided with Gravels, Pebbles Sand Media Filter. The main purpose of the filter is to remove the Suspended Solids & reduce Turbidity. The Filter is provided with Inlet Distributor, Bottom collector & various Filtration Media like pebbles, gravels, sand to achieve effective filtration. Externally, the filter has Mesh of Valve to assist in various service requirements like Filtration, Backwash & Rinse Activated Carbon Filter:
The system is provided with Activated Carbon Filter. The main purpose of the filter is to remove free Chlorine, balance organics, color etc. The Filter is provided with Inlet Distributor, Bottom Collector & filtration media like fine silex and activated Carbon. Externally, the filter has Mesh of Valve to assist in various service requirements like Filtration, Backwash & Rinse. The treated water is used for floor washing/process applications. DESIGN CAPACITY Effluent treatment plant: 5 KLD Flow Rate : 1 m3/hr Service Cycle : 5 hrs
We have considered the following raw effluent characteristics for our designing
Floor and Cooling tower Boiler blow Parameter Unit equipment blow down down washing Flow rate KLD 1.5 2 1.5 pH ‐ 7.5‐9.5 2 ‐3 6‐7 TSS mg/l 60 ‐70 200‐ 300 30 – 40 BOD mg/l 2 ‐3 3‐ 5 2‐ 5 COD mg/l 180 110 80 Oil & Grease mg/l 5‐8 3‐7 2‐5 TDS mg/l 1500 ‐ 2000 1750‐2000 2000‐2500 Chlorides mg/l 100‐150 60‐70 1500‐1600 Dissolved mg/l 3‐10 2‐3 1‐3 Phosphates Dissolved Sulfates mg/l 10‐20 200‐600 10‐20
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Treated Water at the outlet of ACF:
Parameter Unit Treated Water Flow rate KLD 5 pH ‐ 6.5 – 9.0 TSS mg/l <10 BOD mg/l <2 COD mg/l <100 Oil & Grease mg/l <5 TDS 2000 Chlorides mg/l <600 Dissolved mg/l <500 Sulfates Dissolved mg/l BDL Phosphates
Table 4-1 Effluent Treatment Plant Design Details
No of S.No Name of the Unit Dimensions in m Units 1 Flash mixer 1 0.5m x 0.5m x 1.0m LD + 0.5m FB = 1 m3
2 Settling tank 1 1.0m x 1.0m x 3.5m SWD = 3.5m3
3 Clear water tank 1 1.0m x 1.0m x 2.0m LD + 1.5m FB = 2 m3 1.0m x 1.0m x 1.5m TH ( 2 Nos) = 1.5m3 4 Sludge Drying Bed 2 Each 5 Bar Screen 1 0.5m x 1.0m x 0.5m LD + 0.3m FB
6 Oil Skimmer 1 0.5m x 0.5m x 1.5m LD + 0.7m FB
7 Collection Tank 1 1.0m x 1.0m x 2.0m LD + 0.7m FB
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Figure 4-4 Effluent Treatment Scheme
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COOLING TOWER FRP Cooling Tower Model No. NCT-4500 without Basin Table 4-2 Cooling Tower Design Details
A DESIGN DETAILS CAPACITY 01 Water Flow rate 2000LPM 02 Inlet temperature 400C 03 Outlet temperature 300C 04 Wet bulb temperature 280C 05 Temperature difference 100C 06 Approach 20C 07 Tower Model No. NCT- 4500 08 Total wetted surface area 3164 m2 09 Cooling Capacity 12,00,000 kcal/hr B TYPE OF COOLING TOWER 01 Type Induced Draft Square Counter Flow 02 Quantity 01Set 03 Tower dimension (L x W x H) MM 3810 x 3810 x 3657.6 04 Basin dimension (L x W x H) MM RCC basin to be provided by your end. 05 MOC of Tower FRP 06 MOC of Basin RCC basin to be provided by your end. C FILLS 01 Material of fills rigid PVC 02 Type honey Honeycomb 03 Size of PVC Fills (L x W x H) MM 600 x 300 x 150 04 Size of Drift Fills (L x W x H) MM 600 x 150 x 150 D FAN ASSEMBLY 01 Type Axial Flow 02 Air quantity / Fan 48m3/sec 03 BHP/BKW 10/7.46 04 No. of fan 01 05 Dia of fan 2380 mm 06 No. of blades in fan 06 07 Fan RPM 750+/- 5% 08 Material of blade FRP 09 Type of balancing Static E ELECTRIC MOTOR 01 No. of motor 01 02 Motor HP 12.5 HP Vertical flange mounted, Squirrel cage TEAOM weather proof induction motor suitable for supply of 415 Plus or minus 03 Type 6 % 50 Hz Plus or minus 3 % with “F” class of insulation & IP-55 Degree protection.
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04 Motor RPM 750+/- 5% 05 Fan coupling Direct 06 Class of Insulation F 07 Make LHP or Batliboi F MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION 01 Structure FRP 02 Casing FRP 03 Nozzles ABS 04 Fan blades FRP 05 Fan Hub HDG 06 Fill support M.S. with epoxy coating 07 Drift eliminators PVC 08 Drift eliminators support M.S. with epoxy coating 09 Fill Rigid PVC 10 Nut, Bolt & washers GI 11 Motor shaft EN-8 12 Ladder M.S. with epoxy coating 13 Header Pipe P. P. with FRP Coating 14 Motor stand M.S. with epoxy coating G DESIGN PERFORMANCE 01 Evaporation loss 1.53% of circulating water flow 02 Drift Loss 0.005% of circulating water flow 03 Make-up water quantity 1.535% of circulating water flow H CONNECTION 01 Inlet 150mm
4.2.4 Impact on Soil During operation of the proposed plant, process waste generation will be in the form of hazardous and non-hazardous waste. It will be stored safely and handed over to State Pollution Control Board approved recyclers, landfill TSDF and local body. Source of generation of waste in the plant will be listed bellow - Food and Garbage. - Stationary, Scrap and packaging Waste. - Used/Spent Oil. - Chemical sludge from waste water treatment.
Mitigation Measures Municipal solid waste generated from the plant will be segregated in the form of recyclable waste, bio-degradable waste and non-biodegradable wastes. Recyclable waste including - Stationary, Scrap and Packaging waste, etc. will be sent for recycling. Used oil will be collected separately in HDPE Carboys and sold to MOEF&CC/TNPCB authorized used oil recyclers for recycling.
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Chemical sludge from waste water treatment plant will be collected in plastic bags, stored and disposed by handed over to Common landfill – TSDF
4.2.5 Land Use Pattern The proposed plant is located at SIPCOT Industrial Area. Therefore, no management plan is required. Therefore, no impact is anticipated on the land use of the area during construction and operation phases.
4.2.6 Biological Environment The proposed project will not have any impact of terrestrial ecology of the area. In addition to that, Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG decided to develop the greenbelt by planting native species to maintain the good environment.
Mitigation Measures At the proposed plant green belt will be developed, this will also be increased during the proposed plant operation activities. The following floral species will be planted at the site. Table 4-3 List of greenbelt species
S. No. Major floral species Status 1 Anona squamosa Proposed 2 Azadirachta indica Proposed 3 Bauhinia purpurea Proposed 4 Caesalpinia pulcherrima Proposed 5 Eucalyptus citriodora Proposed 6 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Proposed 7 Psidium guayava Proposed 8 Albizia odoratissima Proposed 9 Bahinia varigata Proposed 10 Derris indica Proposed 11 Polyalthia longifolia Proposed 12 Psidium longifolia Proposed 13 Saraca asoka Proposed 14 Mangifera indica Proposed
4.2.7 Impact on Forest & Wild Life There will not be any impact on forest and wild life due to the proposed project.
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4.2.8 Impact on Aquatic Ecology No impact will envisaged on aquatic ecology from the operation of facilities in construction or operational phases as there is no water body within 500m offset from site boundary.
4.3 Socio-Economic Environment
Construction Phase The proposed plant will not require acquisition of private land or building of residential or commercial structures. The socio-economic impacts linked to the acquisition of land will not appear in the project. Construction and operation phase of the proposed project will have some beneficial impacts as some local unskilled, semiskilled and skilled persons may gain direct or indirect employment.
Operational Phase The major positive socio-economic impacts will be observed in the form of the following: Process Optimization & Energy Conversation: The proposed project will be operated under cost effective and energy efficient equipments.
4.4 Traffic Study Frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials will be around 6 to 7 trucks/tankers per day for the proposed project. The truck parking area will be within the site boundary.
4.5 Conclusion In view of the above facts and figures, it may be concluded that the production plant is located at Plot No. F-52, Karumbukuppam Village, Gummidipoondi Taluk, Thiruvallur District – Chennai shall not impart any adverse impacts on physical features, water, noise and air environment.
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ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 Introduction Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG is located at Plot No.F-52, Karumbukuppam Village, Gummidipoondi Taluk, SIPCOT Industrial Complex, Tiruvallur District, and Tamilnadu. The proponent has selected the following surfactants for its key product portfolio 1) Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 96% (LABSA 96%), 2) Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 90% (LABSA 90%), 3) Alpha Olefin Sulfonate (AOS), 4) Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) and 5) Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate (SLES) The advantages of the current site are mentioned below.
5.2 Infrastructure Availability at Present Site
5.2.1 Land Use For setting up the proposed Project there will be no additional land purchased as adequate land is available at the existing facility.
The total land available under the ownership of Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG is 4048 Sq.m.
For the installation of equipments for proposed project. Adequate land is available at proposed site. No additional land is required.
The land is located at a SIPCOT Industrial Area- Gummidipoondi
5.2.2 Site Connectivity The site is well connected by the Guntur and Chennai National Highway (NH 5) at a distance of 0.8 km. This unit is located in the South eastern direction of this road. The raw material & product will be conveniently transported by this road.
5.2.3 Water Source Total fresh water requirement for the proposed project is 155 KLD. Water supply will be met from SIPCOT/private Tankers.
5.2.4 Power Source The site is equipped with power source from TANGEDCO for 630 KW.
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For power back up arrangement, one DG set will be installed in place to meet the electrical power requirement during power cut off. Capacity of DG set is 630 KW.
5.2.5 Green Belt Green Belt (33% of the total plant area) will be developed with in the project site.
5.3 Environmental Aspects The site is located in the SIPCOT industrial area - Gummidipoondi. There are no reserve forests, archaeologically important places, National parks / Wildlife Sanctuaries/Eco sensitive zones within 10 km from project site.
There is adequate land available for setting up Effluent Treatment Plant for treating trade effluent prior to discharge to greenbelt.
There is adequate land available for setting up Air pollution control measures.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.1 General An Environmental Monitoring Plan provides feedback about the difference between actual environmental scenario and the impacts of the project on the environment and helps to judge the adequacy of the mitigation measures in protecting the environment. The purpose of Environmental Monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodically monitoring the important environmental parameters within the impact area, so that any adverse effects are detected and timely action can be taken.
6.2 Objectives of Environmental Monitoring Plan The key issues associated with the life cycle of a project are the monitoring of environmental parameters. In this project the main Compliance monitoring will be done. (Operation phase)
a) Baseline Monitoring: Baseline Monitoring deals with the measurement of environmental variables during pre-project period to determine existing conditions, ranges of variation and process of change.
b) Effects/Impact Monitoring: It involves measurement of environmental variables during operation phase of the project to assess the impact that may have been caused by the project.
c) Compliance Monitoring: It takes the form of periodic sampling and continuous measurement of level of pollutant emissions in the air, waste discharge on land or water, level of noise to ensure that standards are met.
The basic objective of Environment Monitoring Program is:
To ensure implementation of mitigation measures during project Implementation To provide feedback to the decision makers about the effectiveness of their Actions To determine the project’s actual environmental impacts so that modifications can be made to mitigate the impacts To identify the need for enforcement action before irreversible environmental Damage occurs
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To provide scientific information about the response of an ecosystem to a given Set of human activities and mitigation measures
6.3 Suggested Environmental Monitoring Plan The Environmental Monitoring Plan for the proposed project has been developed in view of the institutional, scientific and fiscal issues pertaining to the project. For developing the monitoring plan, appropriate Value Ecosystem Components (VEC’s) which are likely to be affected have been identified. For each component, suitable measurable environmental indicators which are appropriate to the impact mechanism and scale of disturbance and have a low natural variability, broad applicability and an existing data series have been defined. As per the guidelines of MoEF, Environmental Monitoring shall be required during Operation Phases. The schedule for monitoring Ambient Air Quality, Ambient Noise Quality, Ground Water Quality and Wastewater Quality during the Operation phases of the project is given in Table 6.1. Table 6-1 Monitoring schedule during operation phase
Operation phase 1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Once in 24 hr continuously a Project site PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO, TVOC month except CO
2 Stack monitoring
SO2, NOX, PM, CO, CO2, Once in a Boiler Temperature, Flow rate and Exit 30 min month velocity of the gas
SO2, NOX, PM, CO, CO2, Process Once in b Temperature, Flow rate and Exit Scrubber month velocity of the gas
SO2, NOX, PM, CO, CO2, VOC, Once in c DG Stack Temperature, Flow rate and Exit 30 min month velocity of the gas 3 Ambient noise quality Near DG set and noise Once in 3 8 hr continuous with 1 a Noise level in dB(A) generating Months hr interval equipment 4 Ground water quality Ground Water Parameters specified under Once in a Near project Grab Sampling IS:10500, 1993 month site 5 Soil quality
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pH, Texture, Electrical Samples were collected conductivity, Organic matter, from three different At the green a Nitrogen, Phosphate, Sodium, Annually depths viz, 30cm, 60cm belt area Calcium, Potassium and and 100cm below the Magnesium. surface
6.4 Data Analysis The monitored data is to be analyzed and compared with the baseline levels as established in the EIA study and the regulatory standards specified by different government agencies.
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RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.1 General The scope of the report includes the study of storage, handling and transportation activities of the raw materials of the proposed plant with respect to hazard identification, risk assessment and preparation of disaster management plan. Based on the hazard identification and analysis the major disaster scenarios would be worked out to estimate consequence of failure. A disaster management plan would also be derived to meet the emergency situation.
7.2 Risk Analysis Risk Analysis involves identification of hazards and the associated risks, if any, involved in the plant. Recognition of all possible hazards and analysis of the associated risks is an important first step to improve the safety and reliability of any installation. Such an analysis would provide the necessary inputs for the safe operation of the Plant. The risk analysis study is designed to identify the hazards in terms of the types of materials handled their inventories and vulnerable practices and operations. The chemicals and their quantities involved in the plant are well below the threshold quantities mentioned in the MSIHC rules.
7.3 SAFETY AND FIRE FIGHTING PLANING
7.3.1 Safety Measures in Storage Facilities
Risk for storage units depends not on the extent of the consequence, but also on the probability of the failure of the safety measures and provisions provided. The consequence results is attached as Annexure –VII. The safety measures to be provided in storage facilities in the proposed plant are given below:
Substance Stored Safe Guard Dyke wall of height - 1.0 m and thickness - 230 mm will be constructed around the storage tank for acid spillage Sulphuric Acid containment. Also the provision for automatic emergency shower will be provided. Following Fire Fighting measures will be provided: a) DCP (Dry Chemical Powder) Extinguisher; High Speed Diesel (HSD) b) AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) Extinguisher; c) Water cum Foam Monitor; and d) Sand Bucket
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General Safety Measures for Chemicals Storage & Handling
Following safety measures for chemicals storage and handling will be provided. Availability of MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) information for all chemicals Proper layout of tank farm and other storage areas for chemicals . Proper segregation of chemicals storage taking into account compatibility Matrix
Instrumentation and control system for tanks, Sulphonator etc. SO2 and SO3 Gas detection and fire protection systems . Periodic inspection and maintenance system Standard operating procedures and check lists Training of operation and maintenance personnel Safety work permit system . Electrical hazardous area classification for process units and storage areas Incident investigation and implementation of recommendations
7.4 Risk Mitigation Measures to be adopted at Sulphonation Plant
7.4.1 Hazard Control Measures Apart from the above other mitigation measures are given below:
Procedures and actions will be well defined and known to all operating personnel's for safe shut down of plant incase of failure of any power, instrumentation, cooling water, air, etc; All the vessels and tanks will be provided with temperature indicator, pressure gauge and safety valves as depending upon the process and operating parameters; Plant specific HAZOP studies will be carried out using P&IDs (Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams) for identification of hazards during operation considering deviation of operational parameters, their possible cause and consequence and safe guards; Interlocks and DCS (Distributed Control System) control will be provided during reaction process; All the reactors which will not working at atmospheric temperature will be provided with glass wool lagging to contain the heat; All the motors and other rotating equipment machines will be provided with suitable safety guards; First Aid, Fire extinguishers will also be installed in the plant area
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Flame arrestors will be provided at all vent lines at solvent tanks Suitable fire extinguishers, such as, DCP (Dry Chemical Powder), CO2 & foam type will be kept in every plant area at easily approachable spots and in sufficient numbers Fire hydrant points with sufficient length of hose reel will be provided at major emergency spots Emergency Safety shower will be installed at crucial places; Sufficient space will be provided for free movement in the plant area; Safe distances have been considered in designing of plant lay out; regarding all components of the plant proper certificate will be taken. Also testing and inspection will not be compromised before deliveries Certificate of structure stability will be taken from competent person; Insulation of piping will be provided as per requirement; All elevated structures will be provided with lightening arrestors; All exposed parts of moving machineries will be provided with suitable guards for personnel safety; All piping and equipment will be provided with earthing connection and it will be tested regularly; Safety valves & rupture disc will be provided to prevent over pressurization of vessels and reactors; and SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) will be available of safe shut-down of plant during any emergency situation.
7.4.2 Spillages, Leakages: Controls
Depending on the leaking rate/source the following actions will be taken; Isolation/cutting of supply at the leaking point, transfer to some other vessel/equipment, and using protective appliances like hand gloves, helmets, PVC suits etc; Efforts will be made, to prevent the spread of spillage by neutralization/ earth barriers; and Outgoing effluents will have to be blocked and taken to effluent collection tanks. It will be taken for treatment.
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7.5 Risk Reduction Measures Based on hazard identification, consequence analysis and safety measures to be adopted at the plant, following suggestions for improvement of safety at the plant are emerged.
For risk mitigation/reduction, attempts should be made to either reduce inventories that could get released in the event of loss of containment or failure likelihood’s or both as feasible. Risk analysis identifies the major risk contributors, which enables prioritization of the plant that deserve special attention in terms of inspection and maintenance in particular and over all safety management as a whole. For the risk reduction at the proposed plant, the following salient suggestions and recommendations are made:
A written process safety information document may be compiled for general use. Personnel especially contractor workers at the plant should be made aware about the hazardous substance stored at the plant and risk associated with them.
The process design information in the process safety information compilation must include P&IDs/PFDs (Process Flow Diagrams); process chemistry; maximum intended inventory; acceptable upper and lower limits, pressures, flows and compositions and process design and energy balances.
The document compilation should include an assessment of the hazards presented including (i) toxicity information (ii) permissible exposure limits. (iii) physical data (iv) thermal and chemical stability data (v) reactivity data (vi) corrosivity data (vii) information on process and mechanical design.
The adequate numbers of heat and smoke detectors may be provided at strategic locations in the plant and indication of detectors/sensors should be provided in main control room.
Predictive and preventive maintenance schedule should be prepared for equipment, piping, pumps, etc. and thickness survey should be done periodically as per standard practices.
Safety measures in the form of Do and Don’t Do should be displayed at strategic locations especially in Tamil and English language.
Safe work practices should be developed to provide for the control of hazards during operation and maintenance.
The plant should check and ensure that all instruments provided in the plant are in
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good condition and documented.
Apart from occupational health centre, first aid boxes including eye wash containers will be placed in all the work areas for immediate first aids.
7.6 Disaster Management Plan The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the Disaster Management Plan, it should be widely circulated and personnel training should be provided through rehearsals/drills. To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the factory or immediate vicinity of the factory, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency document is called "Disaster Management Plan". The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the plant and the outside services to achieve the following:
Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties; Safeguard other people; Minimize damage to property and the environment; Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control; Identify any dead; Provide for the needs of relatives; Provide authoritative information to the news media; Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area; Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and circumstances of the Emergency.
In effect, it is to optimize operational efficiency to rescue, rehabilitate and render medical help and to restore normalcy.
7.6.1 Emergencies
7.6.1.1 General and Industrial Emergencies The emergencies that could be envisaged in the plant and tank farm are as follows: A situation of fire at the tank farm of all storages; Slow isolated fires; Fast spreading fires;
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Structural failures; Contamination of food/water; and Sabotage/Social disorder.
7.6.1.2 Specific Emergencies Anticipated Fire and Explosion Fire consequences can be disastrous, since they involve huge quantities of fuel either stored or in dynamic inventory in pipelines or in nearby areas. Toxic releases can affect persons working around. Preliminary hazard Analysis has provided a basis for consequence estimation.
7.7 Emergency Organization The DCPL will set up an Emergency Organization. A senior executive who has control over the affairs of the plant would be heading the Emergency Organization. He would be designated at Site Controller. As per the General Organization chart, Chief Operating Officer will be the Site Controller. General Manager will be designated as the Incident Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to the Site Controller.
All the department heads, fire & security officer, communication officer and personal manager will be reporting to the Incident Controller. This team will be responsible for controlling the incidence with the personnel under their control. Shift In charge will be the reporting officer, who would bring the incidence to the notice of the Incidence Controller and Site Controller. The team co-ordinates during eventualities and responsible for fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and provide essential and support services. For this purposes, security in charge, personnel department, and essential services personnel are engaged. All these personnel will be designated as key personnel. In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house in charge and other maintenance staff will be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of power or communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/plant offices will be drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of communications.
7.8 Emergency Communication Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, escalation of fire, leakage etc will
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inform his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. A place nearer to the security office shall be identified as Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the Emergency Control Center would appraise the Site Controller. Site Controller verifies the situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the Shift In-charge and takes a decision about an impending On Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident Controllers, Emergency Co-ordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller.
7.9 Onsite Emergency Preparedness and Response for Accidents Emergency Responsibilities The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below: A-Site Controller: On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Center (ECC) and take charge of ECC and the situation and;
Assesses the magnitude of the situation on the advice of incident Controller and decides, whether the affected area needs to be evacuated, Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated, Declare Emergency and order for operation of emergency siren, Organizes announcement by public address system about location of emergency, Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or need to be alerted, Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation in consultation with Incident Controller and other Key Personnel as to whether shutting down the plant or any section of the plant is required and if evacuation of persons is required, Directs personnel for rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire, brigade, medical and other designated mutual support systems locally available, For meeting emergencies. Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or effects are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs the District Emergency Authority, Police, Hospital and seeks their intervention and help, Informs the Inspector of Factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of Factories, TNPCB and other statutory authorities, Gives a public statement if
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necessary, Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and preserve evidence, On completion of On Site Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear and orders for all clear warning.
B-Incident Controller:
Assembles the incident control team. Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to personnel minimize damage to the plant, property and environment and minimize the loss of materials. Directs the shutting down and evacuation of plant and areas likely to be adversely affected by the emergency. Ensure that key personnel help is sought. Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security Officer and the Local Fire Services As and when they arrive. Ensures that all non-essential workers/staff of the affected areas evacuated to the appropriate assembly points, and the areas are searched for casualties. Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any inquiry into the causes and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency. Co-ordinates with emergency services at the site. Provides tools and safety equipment to the team members. Keeps in touch with the team and advise them regarding the method of control to be used. Keeps the Site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made
C- Emergency Coordinator - Rescue, Fire Fighting:
Helps the incident Controller in containment of the emergency; Ensures fire pumps are in operating conditions and instructs pump house operator to be ready for any emergency with standby arrangement; Guides the fire fighting crew i.e. firemen, trained plant personnel and security staff; Organizes shifting of the fire fighting facilities to the emergency site, if required; Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for fire fighting as well as assesses the requirements of outside help;
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Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area; Directs the security staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency operations under his guidance and supervision; Evacuates the people in the plant or in the nearby areas as advised by Site Controller; Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them; Assembles search and evacuation team; Arranges for safety equipment for the members of this team; Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow; Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary seeks the help of police.
D- Emergency Coordinator-Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and Communication: In the event of failure of electric supply and thereby internal telephone, sets up communication point and establishes contact with the ECC; Organizes medical treatment to the injured and if necessary will shift the injured to nearby hospitals; Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary; Keeps a list of qualified first aid providers of the factory and seek their assistance; Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements; Makes sure that all safety equipment is made available to the emergency team; Assists Site Controller with necessary data and to coordinate the emergency activities; Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan, organizing mock drills verification of inventory of emergency facilities and furnishing report to Site Controller; Maintains liaison with Civil Administration; Ensures availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation center; He will be in liaison with Site Controller/Incident Controller; Ensures transportation facility; Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue/rehabilitation and emergency expenditure; Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency; Ensures availability of diesel/petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency
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operation. E- Emergency Coordinator - Essential Services: He would assist Site Controller and Incident Controller. Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water, Compressed Air/Instrument Air, power supply for lighting. He would plan alternate facilities in the event of power failure, to maintain essential services such as lighting, refrigeration plant etc. He would organize separate electrical connections for all utilities and emergency services so that in the event of emergency or fires, essential services and utilities are not affected. Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of certain sections etc. to shift in-charge and electricians. Ensures availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other emergency materials, spares etc. F- General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency: During an emergency, it becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency warning is raised, the workers if they are in-charge of process equipment should adopt safe and emergency shut down and attend any prescribed duty as essential employee. If no such responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course to assembly point and await instructions. He should not resort to spread panic. On the other hand, he must assist emergency personnel towards objectives of DMP. Emergency Facilities Emergency Control Center (ECC): For the time being, Office Block or a place nearer to the security office is identified as Emergency Control Center. It would have external Telephone, Fax, and Telex facility. All the Site Controller/ Incident Controller Officers, Senior Personnel would be located here. Also, it would be an elevated place. The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency Control Center (ECC).
Intercom, telephone P and T telephone Safe contained breathing apparatus Fire suit/gas tight goggles/gloves/helmets Hand tools, wind direction/velocities indications
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Public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone directories (Internal P and T) factory layout, site plan Emergency lamp/torch light/batteries Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, plant control room, sources of safety equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape routes. Hazard chart Emergency shut-down procedures Nominal roll of employees List of key personnel, list of essential employees, list of Emergency Co-ordinators Duties of key personnel Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, emergency coordinator, essential employees. Important address and telephone numbers including Government agencies, neighboring industries and sources of help, out side experts, chemical fact sheets population details around the factory. Assembly Point: Number of assembly points depending upon the plant location would be identified wherein employees who are not directly connected with the disaster management would be assembled for safety and rescue. Emergency breathing apparatus, minimum facilities like water etc. would be organized. In view of the size of plant, different locations are ear marked as assembly points. Depending upon the location of hazard, the assembly points are to be used. Fire Fighting Facilities: First Aid Fire fighting equipment suitable for emergency should be maintained in each section in the plant. This would be as per statutory requirements. However, fire hydrant line covering major areas would be laid. It would be maintained at 6- kg/cm2 pressure. Fire alarms would be located in the bulk storage areas. Fire officer will be the commanding officer of fire fighting services. Location of Wind Sock: On the top of the Administration block and the top of each production blocks, windsocks shall be installed to indicate direction of wind for emergency escape. Emergency Medical Facilities: Stretchers, gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with fire burns would be
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maintained in the medical center as well as in the emergency control room. Medical superintendent of the township will be the head of the casuality services ward. Private medical practitioners help would be also are sought. Government hospital would be approached for emergency help. Apart from plant first aid facilities, external facilities would be augmented. Names of Medical Personnel, Medical facilities in the area would be prepared and updated. Necessary specific medicines for emergency treatment of Burns for Patients and for those affected by toxicity would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment would be provided and maintained. The help of near by industrial management in this regard would be taken on mutual support basis. Ambulance: An ambulance with driver availability in all the shifts and an emergency shift vehicle would be ensured and maintained to transport injured or affected persons. Number of persons would be trained in first aid so that, in every shift, first aid personnel would be available.
7.9.1 Emergency Actions Emergency Warning Communication of emergency would be made familiar to the personnel inside the plant and people outside. An emergency warning system shall be established. Emergency Shutdown There are number of facilities which can be provided to help deal with hazardous conditions, when a tank is on fire. The suggested arrangements are: Stop the production; Dilute contents; Remove heat; Deluge with water; and Transfer contents. Whether a given method is appropriate depends on the particular case. Cessation of agitation may be the best action in some instances but not in others. Stopping of the feed may require the provision of by pass arrangements. Methods of removing additional heat include removal through the normal cooling arrangements or use of an emergency cooling system. Cooling facilities, which use vapouring liquid, may be particularly effective, since a large increase in vaporization can be obtained by dropping pressure.
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Evacuation of Personnel: There could be more number of persons in the storage area and other areas in the vicinity. The area would have adequate number of exits and staircases. In the event of an emergency, unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have to take emergency shutdown procedure and escape. Time Office maintains a copy of deployment of employees in each shift, at ECC. If necessary, persons can be evacuated by rescue teams. All Clear Signal: Also, at the end of an emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and Emergency Co-ordinators, the Site Controller orders an all clear signal. When it becomes essential, the Site Controller communicates to the District Emergency Authority, Police, Fire service personnel regarding help required or development of the situation into an Off-Site Emergency. Employee Information: During an emergency, employees would be warned by raising siren in specific pattern. Employees would be given training of escape routes, taking shelter, protecting from toxic effects. Employees would be provided with information related to fire hazards, antidotes and first aid measures. Those who would be designated as key personnel and essential employees should be given training to emergency response. Public Information and Warning: The industrial disaster effects related to this plant may mostly be confined to the plant area. The detailed risk analysis has indicated that the pool fire effects would not be felt outside. However, as an abundant precaution, the information related to chemicals in use would be furnished to District Emergency Authority for necessary dissemination to general public and for any use during an off site emergency. Factories of this size and nature are in existence in our state since long time. Co-ordination with Local Authorities: Keeping in view of the nature of emergency, two levels of coordination are proposed. In the case of an On Site Emergency, resources within the organization would be mobilized and in the event of extreme emergency, local authorities help should be sought. In the event of an emergency developing into an off site emergency, local authority and District emergency Authority (normally the Collector) would be appraised and under his supervision, the Off Site Disaster Management Plan would be exercised. For this purpose,
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the facilities that are available locally, i.e. medical, transport, personnel, rescue accommodation, voluntary organizations etc. would be mustered. Necessary rehearsals and training in the form of mock drills should be organized. Mutual Aid: Mutual aid in the form of technical personnel, runners, helpers, special protective equipment, transport vehicles, communication facility etc should be sought from the neighboring industrial management. Mock Drills: Emergency preparedness is an important step in planning of Industrial Disaster Management. Personnel would be trained suitably and prepared mentally and physically in emergency response through carefully planned, simulated procedures. Similarly, the key personnel and essential personnel should be trained in the operations. Important Information: Once the Plant goes into stream, important information such as names and addresses of key personnel, essential employees, medical personnel, outside the plant, transporters address, and address of those connected with Off Site Emergency such as Police, Local Authorities, Fire Services, and District Emergency Authority should be prepared and maintained.
7.10 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN Introduction Off-site emergency plan follows the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of an emergency situation go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an off-site emergency. Off- site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public administration. However, the factory management will provide the public administration with the technical information relating to the nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population.
The off-site plan in detail will be based on those events, which are most likely to occur, but other less likely events, which have severe consequence, will also be considered. Incidents which have very severe consequences yet have a small probability of occurrence should also be considered during the preparation of the plan. However, the key feature of a good off-site emergency plan is flexibility in its application to emergencies other than those specifically included in the formation of the plan.
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The roles of the various parties who will be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan are described below. Depending on local arrangements, the responsibility for the off- site plan should be either rest with the works management or, with the local authority. Either way, the plan should identify an emergency co-ordinating officer, who would take the overall command of the off-site activities. As with the on-site plan, an emergency control center should be setup within which the emergency co-ordinating officer can operate.
An early decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living "within range" of the accident - in particular whether they should be evacuated or told to go indoors. In the latter case, the decision can regularly be reviewed in the event of an escalation of the incident. Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors:
a. In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank), only houses close to the fire likely need to be evacuated, although a severe smoke hazard may require this to be reviewed periodically;
b. If a fire is escalating and in turn threatening a store of hazardous material, it might be necessary to evacuate people nearby, but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists, people should be advised to stay indoors and shield them from the fire. This latter case particularly applies if the installation at risk could produce a fireball with very severe thermal radiation effects;
c. For release or potential release of toxic materials, limited evacuation may be appropriate down wind, if there is time. The decision would depend partly on the type of housing "at risk".
Conventional housing of solid construction with windows closed offers substantial protection from the effects of a toxic cloud, while shanty house, which exist close to factories, offer little or no protection.
The major difference between releases of toxic and flammable materials is that toxic clouds are generally hazardous down to much lower concentrations and therefore hazardous over greater distances. Also, a toxic cloud drifting at, say 300 m per minute covers a large area of land very quickly.
Any consideration of evacuation should take this into account. Although the plan will have sufficient flexibility built in to cover the consequences of the range of accidents identified
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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Large industries, in general and chemical plants in particular where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection, testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the basic inputs. Along with the boons, the industrialization generally bring several problems like occupational health and safety.
The industrial planner, therefore, has to properly plan and take the steps to minimize the impacts of industrialization and to ensure appropriate occupational health and safety plan including fire plans. All these activities again may be classified under construction and erection, operation and maintenance. The proposed safety plan is given below: Occupational Health Occupational health needs attention both during construction and erection and operation and maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the above phases. Erection Phase The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to constructional accident and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements to reduce it within TLV's, personal protective equipment should also be supplied to workers. Operation and Maintenance The problem of occupational health, in the operation and maintenance phase is due to noise hearing losses. Suitable personnel protective equipment should be given to employees. The working personnel should be given the following appropriate personnel protective equipment.
Industrial Safety Helmet Crash Helmets Face shield with replacement acrylic vision Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue color glasses Welders equipment for eye and face protection Cylindrical type earplug Ear muffs Canister Gas mask
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Self-contained breathing apparatus Leather apron Aluminized fiber glass fix proximity suit with hood and gloves Safety belt/line man's safety belt Leather hand gloves Asbestos hand gloves Acid/Alkali proof rubberized hand gloves Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm Lead hand glove Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves Industrial safety shoes with steel toe Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots Full-fledged hospital facilities should be made available round the clock for attending emergency arising out of accidents, if any. All working personnel shall be medically examined every six months and at the end of his term of employment. This is in addition to the pre-employment medical examination. The fund allocation for occupational health and safety are presented in Table - 7.1. Table7-1 Details of Fund Allocation for Health and Safety
Fund Allocation/Year (In S.No Particulars Lakhs) 1 Periodic Health Screening for Employees 1,20,000 2 Workplace Safety Responsibility 2,00,000 3 Employees Health and Hygiene 1,80,000 Total 5,00,000 Source: DCPL Safety Plan Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern. The preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency plan. The disaster in sulphonation plant is possible due to leakage of hazardous chemicals, collapse of structures and fire/explosion etc.
The details of the fire fighting equipments to be installed are given below; Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) Fire Extinguisher
CO2 Fire Extinguisher Foam type Fire Extinguisher
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Soda acid type Fire Extinguisher Fire buckets Fire Hydrants
Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance phases at sulphonation plant, safety policy should be formulated with the following regulations:
To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work. To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and equipment. To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees. To provide necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing wherever necessary and to ensure their proper use. To inform employees about materials, equipment or processes used in their work, which are known to be potentially hazardous to health or safety. To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary changes from the point of view of safety. To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness at work. To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees in health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters. To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate fire fighting service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this service. To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and incident involving personal injury or injury to health with a view to taking corrective, remedial and preventive action. To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and safety matters to ensure effective participation by all employees. To publish/notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language of employees.
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To prepare separate safety rules for each types of occupation/processes involved in a project. To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all buildings, equipment, work places and operations.
Safety Organization Erection Phase A qualified and experienced safety officer should be appointed. The responsibilities of the safety officers include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advice on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programs and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health. He is also responsible to ensure compliance of Safety Rules/ Statutory Provisions. In addition to employment of safety officer by sulphonation plant, every contractor, who employs more than 250 workers, should also employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the worker, in accordance with the conditions of contract.
Operation and Maintenance Phase When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers should be in accordance with the requirement of Factories Act and their duties and responsibilities should be as defined there of. Safety Circle In order to develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally should meet for about an hour every week. Safety Training
A full-fledged training center should be set up at the plant. Safety training should be provided by the Safety Officer with the assistance of faculty members called from Corporate Center, Professional Safety Institutions and Universities. In addition to regular employees, limited contractor labors should also be provided safety training. To create safety awareness safety
Films should be shown to workers and leaflets etc should be distributed. Some of the precautions and remedial measures proposed to be adopted to prevent fires are:
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Compartmentation of cable galleries, use of proper sealing techniques of cable passages and crevices in all directions would help in localizing and identifying the area of occurrence of fire as well as ensure effective automatic and manual fire fighting operations; Spread of fire in horizontal direction would be checked by providing fire stops for cable shafts; Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and interlocks for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries. Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire watching system strengthens fire prevention and fire fighting; and Proper fire watching by all concerned would be ensured.
Health and Safety Monitoring Plan All the potential occupational hazardous work places such as fuel storage, material handling areas should be monitored regularly. The health of employees working in these areas should be monitored once in a month for early detection of any ailment due to exposure to hazardous chemicals. Medical Surveillance The industry has tie up with the medical center for all the employees health monitoring. All the employees will be examined periodically by the standard qualified doctors once in a month to determine the health status of the workers in respect of occupational health hazard to which they are exposed.
Hazardous area wise list will be prepared by the medical officers to perform the specific test for the working employees. No person will be sign up to operate the crane, locomotive or work-lift or give signals unless his eye sight and color vision will be properly examined by the concern ophthalmologist. Employees Training Programme The industry will provide the certain training program to the working employees. The training programme will includes the hazardous operation, usage of the nose mask and earplugs, Engineering Act and working process in connection with their jobs roles.
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List of Test for Working Employees
List of test are being conducted for every month to the workers such as: X-ray Chest View Electro Cardiogram (ECG) Eye Fitness Spirometry Test Audiogram Test Medical Examination
The DCPL will take up medical examination activities periodically to assess hazards due to gases, dusts, vibrations, radiations etc.
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PROJECT BENEFITS The proponent has planned to setup Surfactants Manufacturing unit of the following products 1. Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 96% (LABSA 96%) 2. Linear Alkyl benzene Sulphonic Acid 90% (LABSA 90%) 3. Alpha Olefin Sulfonate (AOS) 4. Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) 5. Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate (SLES)
This will give rise to the following tangible benefits.
8.1 Benefits
8.1.1 Employment Potential The project shall provide indirect employment potential under unskilled, semi-skilled and skilled categories. The employment potential shall increase with the start of construction activities, reach a peak during the construction phase and then reduce with the completion of construction activities. During operation phase also, there will be indirect employment is engaged in transportation, delivery and other support services. Opportunities, mainly in the service sector, although its magnitude will be much less. The direct employment opportunities with Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG are extremely limited and the opportunities exist mainly with the contractors and sub-contractors. These agencies will be persuaded to provide the jobs to local persons on a preferential basis wherever feasible. It is envisaged to engage skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers from local area to the maximum extent.
The details of manpower is given in table. Total manpower will be 29 Nos.
Detail Number Factory managers 01 Plant Operator 04 Yard Supervisor 01 Labour 06 Weighbridge Operator 02 Maintenance Manager 01 Welder 01 Fitter 01 Electrician and Instrument 01 Technician
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Chemist 04 Accountant 02 Peon 01 Security Supervisor 01 Security 03 Total 29
8.2 Corporate Social Responsibility
8.2.1 Social Impact Assessment It has been brought out during the socio-economic survey (based on census data) that non-workers constitute about 58% of the total population in 10-km radius study area. Some of them will be available for employment in the proposed unit during construction activities. As the labourers are generally un-skilled, the locals would get opportunities for employment during construction activities. The peak labour force required during the construction period is estimated to be about 120 No’s and preference shall be given to local labourers particularly unskilled labours.
In addition to the opportunity of getting employment as construction labourers, the local population would also have employment opportunities in related service activities like petty commercial establishments, small contracts/sub-contracts and supply of construction materials for buildings and ancillary infrastructures etc. Consequently, this will contribute to economic upliftment of the area.
Normally, the construction activity will benefit the local populace in a number of ways, which include the requirement of construction labourers (skilled, semi-skilled and un- skilled), tertiary sector employment and provision of goods and services for daily needs including transport. In line with the above, some more recommendations are given below: Local people shall be given preference for employment; All the applicable guidelines under the relevant Acts and Rules related to labour welfare and safety shall be implemented during the construction work; The contractor shall be instructed to provide fire wood/kerosene/LPG to the workers to prevent damage to trees; and The construction site shall be secured with fencing and shall have guarded entry points.
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8.2.2 Socio Economic Development Activities The proposed project will provide direct employment to about 30 persons and indirect employment to about 20 persons. Apart from the employment and business opportunities for the local people, they will also be benefited in the areas such as education, health care, infrastructure facilities and women empowerment. Some of the corporate social responsibility activities proposed under the proposed project with total cost of Rs. 5.50 lakhs are listed below. Tree plantation, Bus shelter and safe drinking water facilities for nearby villages. A medical camp with free medicine for nearby villagers. Infrastructure facilities such as sanitary, library, sports amenities and smart classroom to government schools Sponsorships / Scholarships for deserving students of government schools and distribution of school supplies.
8.2.3 Corporate Social Responsibility Policy M/s. Detergeo Chem Private Limited has developed the policy in consonance with Section 135, Companies Act 2013 on CSR and in accordance with the CSR Rules notified thereof by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India in 2014. Detergeo proposes to take part in various CSR activities like infrastructure facilities for government schools, safe drinking water facilities, tree plantation, bus shelters with seating provision, medical camp. About 2.5% of the project cost will be allocated for CSR activity. The CSR activity action plan & budgetary allocation is shown in Table - 8.1. Table 8-1 Action Plan & Budgetary Allocation for CSR Activity
Recurring Cost Capital Cost Sr. No per Annum CSR Activity (In Lakhs) (In Lakhs) Educational Services Sponsorships / Scholarships for deserving
students of government schools and 0.5 1 0.25 distribution of school supplies Infrastructure facilities such as sanitary,
library, sports amenities and smart 2 1.0 0.25 classroom to government schools Health Care
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A medical camp 1 with free medicine for 1.0 0.30 nearby villagers Rural Development 1 Bus Shelters at Nearby Villages 1.0 0.25 2 Safe Drinking Water for Nearby Villages 1.5 0.50 Environment 1 Tree Plantation 0.5 0.25 Total 5.5 1.8 Source: DCPL
8.3 Corporate Environment Responsibility As per MoEF&CC Office Memorandum (F.No.22-65/2017-IA.III Dt. 01/05/2018), the proposed project is falling under Greenfield Category. Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG will contribute 2.0% of additional capital cost estimated for this proposed project is 15 Crores. Amount of rupees 30 lakhs will be spent for CER Activities like infrastructure creation for drinking water supply, sanitation, health, education, skill development, roads, cross drains, electrification including solar power, solid waste management facilities, scientific support and awareness to local farmers to increase yield of crop and fodder, rain water harvesting, soil moisture conservation works, avenue plantation, plantation in community areas, etc.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Environment Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the area of the project site. EMP is aimed at mitigating the possible adverse impact of a project and for ensuring to maintain the environmental quality. The EMP converses all aspects of planning, construction and operation of the project, which are relevant to environment.
The main objective of the EMP is to identify the project specific activities that would have to be considered for investigation of the significant adverse impacts and the mitigation measures required. Hence, an all-encompassing plan will be envisaged. Mitigation measures at the source level and an overall EMP for the study area are planned for implementation so as to improve the supportive capacity of the study area and also to preserve the assimilative capacity of the receiving bodies.
9.1 Environmental Management Plan During Operation Phase During operation phase, the impacts on various environmental attributes should be mitigated using appropriate pollution control equipment. The Environment Management Plan prepared for the proposed project aims at minimizing the pollution at source. Operational phase environmental management plan includes the following:
Air quality Management Plan,
Noise Management Plan,
Water and Wastewater Management,
Non Hazardous and Hazardous Waste Disposal Management,
Management of Storage and Handling of Materials
Safety and Fire Fighting
Health Management
Development of Green Belt
Environment Management System
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9.1.1 Air Quality Management Plan HSD fuel will be used as the fuel for DG set and the gaseous emission will be discharged through the stack, so the adequate stack height will be provided as per CPCB norms.
Local exhaust ventilation system will be provided for chemicals/ powders transferring to control fugitive emissions.
For all chemicals charging through drums or other chemical containers chemical charging will be in closed environment and connected to scrubber. VOC is monitored continuously in the area and hooked up to Tamil Nadu Pollution control board Control room.
The main Reactors will be attached with Scrubbers.
The sprinkling of water will be done along the internal roads in the plant in order to control the dust arising due to the movement of vehicular traffic
Air Pollution Control Measures The emission sources for the proposed project i.e., Boiler, DG set, Alkali Scrubber, Reactor will be designed with adequate stack heights and air pollution control measures to meet the standards set by the TNPCB / CPCB. Good housekeeping, providing adequate air pollution control measures and stack of adequate heights will be provided.
9.1.2 Noise Management Plan The noise generating equipment’s will be provide with silencers and properly housed enclosures. Ear plugs/muffs will be provided to workmen working near high noise generating sources in the existing plant and similar practices will be continued. Development of Green belt around the plant area to minimize the noise level. The green belt will be developed during the proposed project activities.
9.1.3 Water and Waste Water Management The plant will implement a scheme for source reduction of water coming from washings by articulating a recycle and reuse scheme. The plant will have a zero discharge and will successfully recycle the entire water back to plant use.
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These are the four waste water streams will be generated. Washing/Spillage Effluent, utilities and process waste water will be collected and fed into the Effluent treatment plant appropriately. The domestic sewage will be treated through septic tank and soak pits. The treated water from ETP will be reused for Alkali Scrubber. Water harvesting system will be installed to collect natural water.
9.1.4 Rainwater Harvesting Pits The rainwater will create surface run-off from the proposed project during monsoon season. The run-off will be of two types i.e. run-off from the open surface area of the plant site and run-off from the built-up area of the plant. The run-off from the building area of the proposed plant facilities will be routed through a carefully designed piping network and collected in the roof water collection sump and the excess water will be connected along with the open storm water network. The run-off from the open surface area will be routed directly to the rainwater harvesting structures constructed at suitable locations as per the contours. For augmenting the ground water resources in the proposed plant area, adequate number of rainwater harvesting pits will be constructed and the internal drains where rain water flows in excess will be diverted to these pits. These structures will facilitate percolation of water into the ground and thus augmenting the groundwater sources. This will result in increase in Ground Water Level (GWL) and to some extent the ground water quality will be improved. Rain harvesting system Keeping in mind the importance of water and it scarcity it is proposed to conserve water by rainwater harvesting by which the subsoil water condition / moisture content is maintained / improved to a great extent. Run off from the project site is calculated using rational formula: Q= C x I x A Where, Q= Run-off (m3/hr) A= Catchment area (Roof area, Landscaped area, Road & parking area) C= Coefficient of Run-off (0.7, 0.3 & 0.9 respectively) I= Intensity of Rainfall= 100 mm/hr. Run-off for 15 min rainfall of peak intensity (as per CPWD) = 25 mm = 0.025 m
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The rainwater harvesting measures and quantity with regards to the various components of the project are presented in Table – 9.1 Table 9-1 Rainwater Harvesting
Harvestable water Area Impermeability S.No Category (Intensity x Area x (sq.m.) factor Imp. Factor) cu.m 1. Building area 553.52 0.7 8.95 Landscaped area 2. (Green area, Vacant 1336.00 0.3 10.65 area 3. Road/Paved area 2158.48 0.9 47.62 Total 4048 --- 67.22
The run-off from the roof areas of quantity 8.95 cu.m, shall be separately piped to an underground collection tank, after duly filtering the same. Considering the constant co-efficient factor of 0.80 (for all situations) for evaporation, spillage and first flush wastage (Source: Rain Water Harvesting & Conservation Manual, CPWD). Harvestable water = 0.8 x 8.95 cu.m = 7.16 cu.m Note: The above calculated volume of harvestable water will be separately collected in rainwater collection tanks and will be used in the plant mainly for fire fighting, greenbelt maintenance and plant operation, during non-rainy days to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. The total calculated peak run-off from landscaped areas, Road and open area is 58.27 cu.m. This run-off is proposed to be channelized through storm water drains to individual recharge pits and the rainwater will be recharged into underground aquifers. Considering the constant co-efficient factor of 0.80 (for all situations) for evaporation, spillage and first flush wastage (Source: Rain Water Harvesting & Conservation Manual, CPWD) Harvestable Water = 0.8 x 58.27 =46.61 cu.m A percolation rate of 0.51 is considered with percolation depth as 10m Run-off = 46.61 x (1 - 0.51) = 22.83 cu.m
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Size of percolation pit = 1.0 x 1.0 m and depth is 2.5 m Storage volume in each pit = 2.5 cu.m No. of percolation pits required = 22.83/2.5 ≈ 9.13 9 Nos. of percolation pits will be constructed along the periphery of the plant for ground water recharge. Note: The above calculation was carried out based on Rainwater Harvesting & Conservation Manual, CPWD.
9.1.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Disposal Management Domestic solid wastes such as Food and Garbage, wooden, packaging waste and scraps etc.,
Total hazardous waste will be generated from used and spent oil, Pump Seal Oil Transformer Oil, Expired Raw Materials, Empty Raw material Drums, Bag liners which are contaminated with chemical powders, Effluent Treatment Plant sludge and ETP -Evaporator Residue. These waste are stored safely and will be send for disposal to TNPCB authorized vendors & recyclers
9.2 Occupational Health and Safety Large industries, in general and chemical plants in particular where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection, testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the basic inputs. Along with the boons, the industrialization generally bring several problems like occupational health and safety.
The industrial planner, therefore, has to properly plan and take the steps to minimize the impacts of industrialization and to ensure appropriate occupational health and safety plan including fire plans. All these activities again may be classified under construction and erection, operation and maintenance. The proposed safety plan is given below:
9.2.1 Occupational Health Occupational health needs attention both during construction and erection and operation and maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the above phases. Erection Phase The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to constructional accident and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited arrangements to reduce it within TLV's, personal protective equipment should also be supplied to workers. Operation and Maintenance
The problem of occupational health, in the operation and maintenance phase is due to noise hearing losses. Suitable personnel protective equipment should be given to employees. The working personnel should be given the following appropriate personnel protective equipment. Industrial Safety Helmet Crash Helmets Face shield with replacement acrylic vision Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue color glasses Welders equipment for eye and face protection Cylindrical type earplug Ear muffs Canister Gas mask Self-contained breathing apparatus Leather apron Aluminized fiber glass fix proximity suit with hood and gloves Safety belt/line man's safety belt Leather hand gloves Asbestos hand gloves Acid/Alkali proof rubberized hand gloves Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm Lead hand glove Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves Industrial safety shoes with steel toe Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots
Full-fledged hospital facilities should be made available round the clock for attending emergency arising out of accidents, if any. All working personnel shall be medically examined every six months and at the end of his term of employment. This is in addition
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited to the pre-employment medical examination. The fund allocation for occupational health and safety are presented in Table – 9.2. Table 9-2 Details of Fund Allocation for Health and Safety
Fund Allocation/Year (In S. No. Particulars Lakhs) 1 Periodic Health Screening for Employees 1,20,000 2 Workplace Safety Responsibility 2,00,000 3 Employees Health and Hygiene 1,80,000 Total 5,00,000 Source: DCPL
9.2.2 Safety Plan Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern. The preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency plan. The disaster in sulphonation plant is possible due to leakage of hazardous chemicals, collapse of structures and fire/explosion etc. The details of the firefighting equipments to be installed are given below; Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) Fire Extinguisher
CO2 Fire Extinguisher Foam type Fire Extinguisher Soda acid type Fire Extinguisher Fire buckets Fire Hydrants Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance phases at sulphonation plant, safety policy should be formulated with the following regulations: To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work. To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design, Construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and equipment. To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees. To provide necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing wherever Necessary and to ensure their proper use. To inform employees about materials, equipment or processes used in their
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work, which are known to be potentially hazardous to health or safety. To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary changes from the point of view of safety. To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness at work. To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees in health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters. To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate fire fighting service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this service. To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and incident involving personal injury or injury to health with a view to taking corrective, remedial and preventive action. To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and safety matters to ensure effective participation by all employees. To publish/notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language of employees. To prepare separate safety rules for each types of occupation/processes involved in a project. To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all buildings, equipment, work places and operations.
9.2.3 Safety Organization Erection Phase A qualified and experienced safety officer should be appointed. The responsibilities of the safety officers include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advice on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programs and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health. He is also responsible to ensure compliance of Safety Rules/ Statutory Provisions. In addition to employment of safety officer by sulphonation plant, every contractor, who employs more than 250 workers, should also
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the worker, in accordance with the conditions of contract. Operation and Maintenance Phase
When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers should be in accordance with the requirement of Factories Act and their duties and responsibilities should be as defined thereof.
9.2.4 Safety Circle In order to develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally should meet for about an hour every week.
9.2.5 Safety Training A full-fledged training center should be set up at the plant. Safety training should be provided by the Safety Officer with the assistance of faculty members called from Corporate Center, Professional Safety Institutions and Universities. In addition to regular employees, limited contractor labors should also be provided safety training. To create safety awareness safety films should be shown to workers and leaflets etc should be distributed. Some of the precautions and remedial measures proposed to be adopted to prevent fires are: Compartmentation of cable galleries, use of proper sealing techniques of cable passages and crevices in all directions would help in localizing and identifying the area of occurrence of fire as well as ensure effective automatic and manual fire fighting operations Spread of fire in horizontal direction would be checked by providing fire stops for cable shafts Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and interlocks for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries. Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire watching system strengthens fire prevention and fire fighting; and Proper fire watching by all concerned would be ensured.
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9.2.6 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan All the potential occupational hazardous work places such as fuel storage, material handling areas should be monitored regularly. The health of employees working in these areas should be monitored once in a month for early detection of any ailment due to exposure to hazardous chemicals.
9.2.7 Medical Surveillance The industry has tie up with the medical center for all the employees health monitoring. All the employees will be examined periodically by the standard qualified doctors once in a month to determine the health status of the workers in respect of occupational health hazard to which they are exposed. Hazardous area wise list will be prepared by the medical officers to perform the specific test for the working employees. No person will be sign up to operate the crane, locomotive or work-lift or give signals unless his eye sight and color vision will be properly examined by the concern ophthalmologist.
9.2.8 Employees Training Programme The industry will provide the certain training program to the working employees. The training programme will includes the hazardous operation, usage of the nose mask and earplugs, Engineering Act and working process in connection with their jobs roles.
9.2.9 List of Test for Working Employees List of test are being conducted for every month to the workers such as: X-ray Chest View Electro Cardiogram (ECG) Eye Fitness Spirometry Test Audiogram Test
9.2.10 Medical Examination The DCPL will take up medical examination activities periodically to assess hazards due to gases, dusts, vibrations, radiations etc.
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9.3 Development of Green Belt This is proposed new project. Green belt (33% of total plant area) will be developed within the project site.
9.3.1 Greenbelt Development Plan Objective The main objective of the greenbelt is to provide a barrier between the plant and the surrounding areas. The greenbelt helps to capture the fugitive emissions and to attenuate the noise generated in the plant apart from improving the aesthetics of the plant site. In order to control the industrial pollutants, dense tree plantations are necessary. As the sedimentation pattern of the pollutants, ambient and ground level concentration of pollutants are usually determined by the direction and speed of prevailing wind and vertical and horizontal thermal gradients prevailing in the area, the belt of plantations will be designed accordingly. The width of the tree belt depends on the gaseous emissions, availability of land and site characteristics etc. Geometry of planting of tree is more important in order to have effective wind break by the plantation. For an effective green belt, a mixture of tree species is necessary and some shrubs and grasses will be inter-cropped. As far as possible, there will be no gaps in the green belt. Where opening is imperative, alignments to roads will be such that open gaps are prevented to overcome funneling action of wind. The trees will be planted in several rows with a tree density of 1500 trees/ha with adequate width around the plant boundary and maintained as per CPCB guidelines. The inter-spaces will be planted with grasses, bushes and hedges. Greenbelt is thus a set of rows of trees planted in such a way that they form an effective barrier between the plant and the surroundings.
9.3.2 Design of Green Belt A 1 m wide greenbelt, consisting of at least 3 tiers around the plant boundary shall be developed as greenbelt and green cover as per Central Pollution Control Board, PPCC/ Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF & CC), New Delhi guidelines, as per the Terms of Reference and 33% green cover. The plant density of 150 trees per hectare with local native species will be implemented. The expenditure on development and maintenance of green belt is of revenue nature and sufficient fund shall be provided to meet the requirement. The plantation schedule will be completed within five years from the construction period of the project. The following
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited shall be designed and implemented as per the latest CPCB guidelines. The broad aspects to be covered are given below: Shrubs and trees will be planted in encircling rows around the project site; The short trees (<10-m height) will be planted in the first rows (towards plant side) of the green belt. The tall trees (>10 m height) will be planted in the outer rows (away from plant side); Planting of trees in each row will be in staggered orientation (triangular form); The spacing between the trees will be maintained slightly less than the normal spaces, so that the trees may grow vertically and slightly increase the effective height of the green belt.
The greenbelt will be developed in an area of 1336 sq.m (33%) of the total land area of 4048 sq.m. The greenbelt development split-up details are shown in Table – 9.3. Table 9-3 Details of Greenbelt Area Split-Up
% of land area allocated S. No. Details Sq.m For greenbelt development 1 Greenbelt Area – I 117.00 2.89 2 Greenbelt Area – II 528.00 13.05 3 Greenbelt Area – III 221.50 5.47 4 Greenbelt Area – IV 253.30 6.25 5 Greenbelt Area – V 216.20 5.34 Total 1336.00 33.00 % Source: DCPL
9.3.3 Recommended Species in the Greenbelt Area The recommended species for the greenbelt developments are given in Table – 9.4 Table 9-4 List of Species Showing High Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI)
Air Pollution S. No. Major floral species Tolerance Remarks Status Index(APTI) For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 1 Anona squamosa Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 2 Azadirachta indica Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 3 Bauhinia purpurea Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 4 Caesalpinia pulcherrima Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree
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For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 5 Eucalyptus citriodora Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 6 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 7 Psidium guayava Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 8 Albizia odoratissima Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 9 Bahinia varigata Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 10 Derris indica Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 11 Polyalthia longifolia Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 12 Psidium longifolia Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 13 Saraca asoka Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree For Controlling So2, Fast Growing 14 Mangifera indica Proposed NOx, SPM, and Noise Tree
The plants should be ideally 1 to 2 years old, chosen from notified social forest nurseries or private nurseries and care should be taken to adhere to the native and local species, avoiding as far as possible the planting of exotic species for the green belt development.
9.4 Environment Management System For the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and consistent functioning of the proposed project, an Environmental Management System (EMS) will be proposed. The EMS will include the following:
• Environmental Management Cell
• Environmental Monitoring Program
• Personnel Training
• Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action Plan
• Documentation – Standard operating procedures of Environmental Management
• Plans and other records
Structure of the Cell
The Sulphonation plant will be supervised and controlled by the General Manager supported by DGMs/AGMs and adequate team of technically and statutorily qualified
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EIA Report for Proposed production of LABSA by Detergeo Chem Private Limited personnel apart from the operating staff of skilled, semi skilled, unskilled and other categories. Environment Management Cell will be headed by the General Manager. The organizational structure of the plant is presented in Figure - 9.1. The Environmental Engineer / Officer will be responsible for Environment management activities in the sulphonation plant. As Conscious of this, DCPL will create an Environmental Management Cell consisting of officers from various disciplines to co- ordinate the activities concerned with the management and implementation of the environmental control measures. Basically, this cell will supervise the monitoring of environmental pollution levels viz. ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise level either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary. In case the monitored results of environmental pollution found to exceed the allowable limits, the Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial action and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned authorities. The environmental management cell will also co-ordinate all the related activities such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region, afforestation and green belt development.
A permanent organizational set up will be formed to ensure the effective implementation of mitigation measures and to conduct environmental monitoring. The major duties and responsibilities of Environmental Management Cell will be as follows:
To implement the Environmental Management Plan
To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control devices
To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations
To minimize environmental impacts of operations by strict adherence to the EMP
To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule
Review and interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures in case monitored results are above the specified limit
Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental laws as ready reference
Maintain environmental related records
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Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants and monitoring laboratories
Maintaining log of public complaints and the action taken
DIRECTOR
Factory Manager
Maintenance Shift In-charge Admin Officer Manager
Accountant Plant
Engineer Operator
Security Supervisor Technicians Plant Helper
Security Guards
Figure 9-1 Organizational Structure
9.5 Environmental Management Plan Budget The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan to mitigate the potential adverse environmental impacts during the construction and operation phase will be given below.
So far amount of 145 Lakhs for Capital and 17.5 Lakhs amount will be incurred for Environmental Management activities
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Table 9-5 Environmental Management Plan – Budget
Recurring cost (lakhs per Capital cost S. No Infrastructure annum) Including power (lakhs) and O&M
1. Air Pollution Control 75 2 Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) & 2. 15 2 Rain water harvesting measures Environment Monitoring and 3. 10 1 Management Solid and Hazardous Waste 4. Management (Membership & 10 3 Facility development) 5. Occupational Health & Safety 25 7.5 6. Green belt Development 10 2 Total 145 17.5
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SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
10.1 Introduction An Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) study report has been prepared for this project based on ToR and baseline environmental quality data collected for the study area. Identification and prediction of significant environmental impacts due to the proposed project with an Environmental Impact Statement followed by delineation of appropriate impact mitigation measures in an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) are included in the EIA report.
The proposed project intends to ensure that the developmental activities related to the project are environmentally sound and does not have any adverse effects on the natural environment in the surroundings of the site. The purpose of this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is to provide information on the nature and extent of environmental impacts arising from the construction and operation of the proposed project and related activities taking place concurrently.
10.2 Explanation on Environmental Mitigation Adequate Environmental Management measures will be strengthened during the entire operating phase of the project to minimize any adverse environmental impact and assure sustainable development of the area. The EMP planned for the operating stage of the project will include the following elements:
Air Pollution Control and Management Noise Control and Management Storm Water Management Hazardous and Solid Waste Management Plantation and Landscaping Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan Emergency Response Plans for emergency scenarios Environmental Monitoring Environmental Management Cell.
For the effective implementation of the EMP, an Environmental Management System (EMS) will be established at the proposed project. The EMS will implement the following:
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Environmental Management Cell Environmental Monitoring Program Personnel Training Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action Documentation – Standard operating procedures Environmental Management Plans and other records.
10.3 Conclusion This Environmental Impact Assessment Report has addressed all possible impacts could have on the surrounding environment due to the proposed production of LABSA. Relevant mitigation measures have been adequately assessed and formulated to meet with statutory requirements. M/s. Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG shall supply surfactants & other intermediates also to the ever growing market, thereby supporting the growth of the nation. Thus implementing this project will not have any significant negative impacts Detergeo Chem Private Limited also under take various community welfare measures for the up-liftmen of villages surrounding the site. Thus, the proposed project is a welcome development and may be accorded environmental clearance.
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DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT
This chapter describes about the environmental consultant engaged in preparation of EIA report for proposed surfactant manufacturing facility at Detergeo Chem Private Limited a group company of NIG, Plot No.F-52, SIPCOT Industrial Complex, Karumbukuppam Village, Gummidipoondi Taluk, and Tiruvallur District.
11.1 Introduction ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited (formerly ABC Environ Solutions Pvt. Ltd.) is an ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001 Certified Company & leading Environmental Engineering & Consultancy Company constantly striving towards newer heights since its inception in 2006. Our Company is dedicated to provide strategic services in the areas of Environment, Infrastructure, Energy, Engineering and Multilab.
It is the first firm to be accredited by NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education and Training), Quality Council of India, as an EIA Consultant, approved for carrying out EIA studies and obtaining environmental clearance for various sectors such as Thermal Power Plants, Infrastructure, Industrial Estates / Complexes/ Areas, Mining, Township & area development and Building construction projects etc. ABC Techno Labs is equipped with in-house, spacious laboratory, accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India.
Since establishment ABC Techno Labs focus on sustainable development of Industry and Environment based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and most important is satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed more than 100 projects of variety of industries, in the field of pollution control and environmental management solutions. The company is also dealing in the projects of waste minimization and cleaner production technology.
The team of technocrats and scientist are well experienced to deal with the design, Manufacture, Fabrication, Installation, commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater treatment plants, Sewage Treatment plants, and Combined Treatment plants.
The company is having well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who are looking after environmental projects & well equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including analysis of physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and our clients.
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11.2 Services of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited Environmental Services
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
Environmental Baseline data collection for Air, Meteorology, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology, Socio-Economic and Demography etc.
Environmental Monitoring
Socio Economic Studies
Resettlement & Rehabilitation Plan
Ecological & Human Health Risk Assessment Studies
Ecological Impact Assessment
Environmental Management Framework
Solid Waste Management
Hazardous Waste Management
Flood Management Studies
Internship & Training
Turnkey projects
Water Treatment Plants
Sewage Treatment Plant
Recycling & Water Conservation Systems
Zero Discharge System Other services
Operation & Maintenance of Water & Waste Water Plants
Water & Waste Water Treatment Chemicals
Pilot Plant studies
Feasibility studies & preparation of budgetary estimates
Laboratory services
Chemical Testing
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Environmental Testing
Microbiological Testing
Food Testing
Metallurgical Testing Sectors Accredited by NABET
S. No. Sectors Name 1. Mining of minerals (Opencast only) Mining (Open cast and Underground) 2. Offshore Oil and gas exploration, development & productions 3. Irrigation projects only 4. Thermal Power Plant 5. Mineral Beneficiation including palletization 6. Metallurgical industries (sec. ferrous only) 7. Petroleum refining industry 8. Leather/skin/hide processing industry 9. Chemical Fertilizers Petro-chemical Complexes (industries based on processing of petroleum 10. fractions & natural gas and/or reforming to aromatics) Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and 11. intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates) 12. Distilleries 13. Sugar Industry Oil & Gas transportation pipeline (crude and refinery /Petrochemical products) 14. passing through national parks / sanctuaries / coral reefs / ecologically sensitive areas including LNG Terminal Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals (As per threshold planning 15. quantity indicated in column 3 of Schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended 2000) 16. Airports Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/ Areas, export processing zones(EPZs), 17. Special economic zones (SEZs), Biotech parks, Leather complexes 18. Ports, harbours, jetties, marine terminals, break waters and dredging 19. Highways, Railways, transport terminals, mass rapid transport systems 20. Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) 21. Common municipal solid waste management facility (CMSWMF)
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Building and large construction projects including shopping malls, multiplexes, 22. commercial complexes, housing estates, hospitals, institutions 23. Townships and Area development Projects
11.3 Study Team ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited has carried out this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study. The multidisciplinary team included expertise in Environmental Impact Assessment, Air & Water pollution & Control measures, Noise Control measures, Ecology & bio-diversity, Land use, Geology, Environmental Chemistry and Socio- Economic planner. The team members involved in EIA study area:
S. No. Name Role EIA Coordinator, Functional Area Expert – Land use, Water 1. Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan Pollution, Prevention & Control and Hydrogeology (Director –Technical)
2. Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan FAE – Solid Waste Management 3. Mr. Abhik Saha FAE – Ecology & Biodiversity 4. Dr. Thillai Govindarajan FAE – Geology FAE – Air Pollution, Prevention and Control and 5. Mr. R. Rajendran Noise & Vibration 6. Mrs. Geetha Shreeevasakam FAE – Socio-Economic Expert FAE- Risk, Noise & Vibration & Air Quality 7. Ms. K. Vijayalakshmi Modelling FAA- Air Pollution, Prevention and Control & Solid 8. Ms. R. Akshaya and Hazardous Waste Management FAA- Air Pollution, Prevention and Control & 9. Mr. P. Bharath Water Pollution 10. Mr. Robson Chinnadurai Senior Chemist
11. Mrs. Gunavathy Chemist
12. Mr. Nesan Field Technician
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ANNEXURES ANNEXURES I
Terms of Reference No.IA-J-11011/267/2018-IA-II(I) Goverment of India Minister of Enviroment,Forest and Climate Change Impact Assessment Division ***
Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Vayu Wing,3rd Floor,Aliganj, Jor Bagh Road,New Delhi-110003 29 Sep 2018
To,
M/s NEW INDIA GROUP Plot No F-52, SIPCOT Industrial Complex, Karumbukuppam Village, Gummidipoondi Taluk, Tiruvallur District, Tamilnadu, Tiruvallur-601201 Tamil Nadu
Tel.No.011-40664444; Email:[email protected]
Sir/Madam,
This has reference to the proposal submitted in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to prescribe the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA study for the purpose of obtaining Environmental Clearance in accordance with the provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006. For this purpose, the proponent had submitted online information in the prescribed format (Form-1 ) along with a Pre-feasibility Report. The details of the proposal are given below:
1. Proposal No.: IA/TN/IND2/76160/2018
Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene 2. Name of the Proposal: Sulphonic Acid (LABSA)
3. Category of the Proposal: Industrial Projects - 2
4. Project/Activity applied for: 5(f) Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk
5. Date of submission for TOR: 25 Aug 2018
In this regard, under the provisions of the EIA Notification 2006 as amended, the Standard TOR for the purpose of preparing environment impact assessment report and environment management plan for obtaining prior environment clearance is prescribed with public consultation as follows: STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
5(f):STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY (DYES & DYE INTERMEDIATES; BULK DRUGS AND INTERMEDIATES EXCLUDING DRUG FORMULATIONS; SYNTHETIC RUBBERS; BASIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS, OTHER SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS AND CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES) AND INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN EIA/EMP REPORT
A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE
1) Executive Summary 2) Introduction i. Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET accreditation ii. Information about the project proponent iii. Importance and benefits of the project 3) Project Description i. Cost of project and time of completion. ii. Products with capacities for the proposed project. iii. If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any. iv. List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation. v. Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities vi. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management. vii. Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract) viii. Process description along with major equipments and machineries, process flow sheet (quantative) from raw material to products to be provided ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems. x. Expansion/modernization proposals: c. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing Iexisting operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report. d. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted. 4) Site Details i. Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered. ii. A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site. v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site. vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate. vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular. viii. Landuse break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/ private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area) ix. A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area x. Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area shall be included. xi. Details of Drainage of the project upto 5km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land. xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
5) Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): i. Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable) ii. Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha) iii. Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon. v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area. vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife. 6) Environmental Status i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific micro- meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall. ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (100m upstream and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details. vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be included. vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area. viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines. ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
x. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule- I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. xi. Socio-economic status of the study area. 7) Impact and Environment Management Plan i. Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. ii. Water Quality modelling - in case of discharge in water body iii. Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment hall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyor- cum-rail transport shall be examined. iv. A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules. v. Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions to meet standards. vi. Measures for fugitive emission control vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation. viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. ix. Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures shall be included. xii. Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be submitted. xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8) Occupational health i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers ii. Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers' health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved, iv. Annual report of heath status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety. 9) Corporate Environment Policy i. Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report. ii. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA. iii. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given. iv. Does the company have system of reporting of non compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
10) Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase. 11) Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. 12) Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. 13) 'A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TOR.
B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCEFOREIASTUDIES FOR SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY (DYES & DYE INTERMEDIATES; BULK DRUGS AND INTERMEDIATES EXCLUDING DRUG FORMULATIONS; SYNTHETIC RUBBERS; BASIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS, OTHER SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS AND CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES)
1. Detailsonsolvents to be used,measuresfor solventrecovery and for emissions control. 2. Details of process emissions from the proposed unit and its arrangement to control. 3. Ambient air quality data should include VOC, otherprocess-specificpollutants* like NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*,etc.,(*-asapplicable) 4. Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardous chemicals. 5. Detailed effluent treatment scheme including ssegregation of effluent streams for units adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge. 6. Action plan for odour control to be submitted. 7. A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated. 8. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any. 9. Action plan for utilization of MEE/dryers salts. 10. Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals are being used/will be used. 11. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
12. Details of incinerator if to be installed. 13. Risk assessment for storage and handling of hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated. 14. Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of workers engaged in handling of toxic materials.
*** ANNEXURE - II Land Document ftn uqt Rs.20 rIS.2O TWENTY RUPEES INDIA liNlDllH {liUrDl'@l#|$l$ ro" o "u"$-- Bg* ?1i34il4 - nf {r4 '91>'--^(,, s,or*)y''\'o{v \g.}, i ;: u " -+"{#t{*
.d :1 ! AGREEMENT FOR THE SALE OF IMMOVABLE ASSETS AND TRANSFER OF I *:i ? LEASE HoLD RIGHTS i
THIS hcnppvtENT FoR sALE oF IMMovABLE ASSETS AND TRNASFER oF LEASE HOLD RIGHT is made and executed on this day 8th day of JUNE 2018.
BETWEEN
M/s .$. POLYMERS (PAN AANFJ9410E), a parbrership Firm, registered under
Partnerghin Act 1932, having office at Plot No. F-52, SIPCOT Industrial complex at Gumrrlidinoondi within the village limits of Karumbukuppam, Gummidipoondi Taluk, Tiruvafur District, represented by its partners (f) Mr.G Joy Dinakar (Aadhaar Card No.33Q7 6047 8164), son of late G Solorporl Raju, aged about 47 years, and (2) Mr.G
Stanley Sashidhar (Aadhaar Card No.3866 6247 3925), son of late G.Solomon Raju, aged 45 Yeaps, both residing at Alliance Orchid Springs, 470, 4" Block Canal Road, Korattur,
finr pClt*YMEFtS Chem Pvt. Ltd. '1"S. L
(which expression shall mean and chennai 600076, hereinafter called the "TRANSFEROR" assigns' etc'' ) of the include its administrators, partners, successors, legal representative, ONE PART.
AND
a private limited company M/s DETERGEO CHEM pvr LTD (pAN AAGCD3799J), by its Director Mr'Dhruv Arora incorporated under the Companies Act 1967, represented A-29, Block B-1 Extension' (Aadhaar card No.4763 0003 4128), having its office at No' Delhi-110044, hereinafter called Mohan cooperative Industrial Estate Mathura Road, New its administrators' the ..TRANSFEREE" (which expression shall mean and include OTHER PART; witnesseth as follows: successors, legal representative, assigns, etc ) of the
WHEREASthestatelndustriesPromotionCorporationofTamilNadu(hereinafter vacant land bearing Plot No'F-52 referred to as "SIPCOT") had originally allotted the complex, within the village limits of measuring an extent of 1.00 acre in SIPCOT Industrial District, to one IWs Zakum Lubes' a Karumbukuppam, Gummidipoondi Taluk, Tiruvallur dated 12'09'1985; and partnership Firm vide an allotment orderNo.AD5/GMPlIcl234/85 the SIPCOT had executed a WHEREAS in pursuance of the said Allotment order, Lease Deed dated 28.01.1986 registered as Lease in favour of the said Zakum Lubes under a North for a period of 99 years in Document No.357 of 1986 on the frle of sRo, Madras constructed a Building thereon' morefully respect of the said Plot No.F-52, where they had described in the Schedule hereunder;
had availed a loan from Tamil ryHEREAS the said original allottee IWs Zakum Lubes whereas due to their default in Nadu Industrial lnvestment corporation Ltd (TIIC); and paymentoftheloandues,thesaidTllCbroughttheschedulementionedpropertyforaPublic Polymers who was the Proprietorship Auction which was knocked down in favour of lWs J.S Raju' the manufacturer of concerned then represented by its Proprietor Mr'G'Solomon vide their Lr No.TIIC/'RB-.FVSSKi08- Rubber products, which was conf'med by the TIIC Deed dated 24'04'1996 registered as 09 dated 28.07.2008 and it also executed a sale Gummidipoondi in favour of the said Document No.678/1997 on the frle of SRO' mentioned in the Schedule mentioned M/s.J.S.Polymers, in respect of the immovable assets
For Detergqo Chem Pvt. Ltd. POLYMERS
Directorw 3
by according approval of property, which was confirmed and approved by the SIPCOT dated 19'01'2009 in transfer of Lease hold rights vide its letter No.D -rvsrccZ"ftum234D8 and pursuant to which the SIPCOT has favour of IWs J.S.Polymers (Proprietorship Concem), registered as Document No'123112009 on executed a Modified Lease Deed dated 17 -04.2009 thefileofSRO,Gummidipoondi,inhisfavourofinrespectoftheSchedulementioned property;
Mr.G.Solomon subsequently died WHEREAS the said proprietor of IWs J.S.Polymers, Rani and his two sons (2)' intestate leaving behind him his wife (1) Mrs.c.M'P'swaroopa his surviving legal heirs to succeed his Mr.G.Joy Dinakar and (3) Mr.G.Stanely Sasidhar as rights in the Schedule mentioned property;
WHEREASafterthedeathofthesaidMr.G.Solomon,histwosonshadtakenoverhis mentioned property under the name and said proprietorship business carried in the Schedule converted the said proprietorship concern into a style of J.S.Polymers, and thereafter they had onthe file of Registrar partnership Firm which was registered on 0g.04.2014 as No.240l20r4 Rani had accorded of Firms, chennai North, for which their mother Mrs'C'M'P'swaroopa as to the concerned Indian Bank, Ambattur consent and no objection to the slpcor as we[ the Proprietorship concern into Branch by her letters for the pu{pose of transferring by her two sons alone; Partnership Firm and to continue the said business
WHEREASbasedontheNoobjectionletterfurnishedbytheirmotherandother and 75.12'2014 submitted by them' the letrers dated 04.03.2014, 15.04.2014,22.05.2014 from Proprietorship concern to Partnership SIPCOT had approved the change of constitution as partners having equal shares Firm consisting Mr.Joy Dinakar and Mr.G.Stanrey Sasidhar to execution/registration of Modihed in Iws J.S.polymers so as to continue the Lease subject
Lease Deed in their favour at their cost;
WHEREASthesaidMr.JoyDinakarandMr.G.StanelySasidharhavetakenstepsto which is under process' and while so now the get the Modihed Lease Deed from the SIPCOT transfer their Lease Hold Right in the TRANSFERoR offered to sell immovable assets and conveyance of Superstructure thereon Schedule mentioned Property along with the (hereinafterreferredtoasthe..PROPERTY,,)totheTRANSFEREEforatotalconsideration only) and the TRANSFEREE agreed to of Rs.1,10,00,000i- ( Rupees one crore Ten Lakhs
For Detergeo Chem Pvt. Ltd. + that the TRANSFEROR shall get due purchase the same from all encumbrances on condition in favour of the TRANFEREE without any approval from the SIPCOT to transfer the property both terms and conditions mutually agreed by hassles within two months period subject the parties as follows:
NowTHISAGREEMENTWITNESSETHASFoLLoWS: l.TheTRANSFERORagreestotransferandsell'andtheTRNSFEREEagreestobuy of Rs'1,10'00,000/- @upees one crore Ten the PROPERTY for a total sale consideration charges and other claims and Lakhs only), free from all encumbrances' attachments, land cost pRopERTy. The said sare consideration is inclusive of demands whatsoever on the forleasedeedpayabletoSlPCoT,transferofLeaseHoldRightofLandandalsoforthesale ofimmovableassetofSuperstructureasmentionedintheSchedulementionedPropertyand
also TDS . of Rs.15,00,000/- (Rupees Fifteen Lakhs 2. The TRANSFEREE agrees to pay a sum TRANSFEROR' in the following manner' only) towards advance sale consideration to the the is hereby admitted and acknowledged by and the receipt of Rs.10,00,000/- paid today TRANSFEROR.
DETAILSANDMODEOFPAYMENToFADVANCESALECONSIDERATION
s'4P5'000/- on r r Rs'4'95'000i-on 5,00,000 /- towards TDS i f .OO.ZOf g after deducing Rs'5000/- ilotalArlvance Sale consideration (Rupees Ninety Five Lakhs only) shall 3. The balance sale consideration of Rs.95,00r000/- bepaidbytheTRANSFEREEtotheTRANFERORinthefollowingmannef: For Detergeo Chem Pvt. Ltd. Dire ( t transfer of the Lease Hold a. At the time of submitting the consent letter and Noc for at SIPCOT Office' Right in the Schedule mentioned Property by the TRANSFEROR Rs.20,00,000/- (Rupees Twenty the TRANSFEREE shall issue post-dated Cheque for PDC Cheque in the Bank for Lakhs only) to the TRANSFEROR who shall present and No Due Certificate from realisation only after they obtain the Approval Letter the TRANSFEREE and after SIPCOT for transferring the Property in favour of intimatingthesametothembyproducingtheProofthereof. Five Lkahs the b. out of the remaining balance of 75,00,000/- (Rupees Seventy TRANSFEREEshallpayapproximatelyRs.55,00,000/-totheSIPCOTdirectlyon land cost for the lease Deed behalf of the TRANSFEROR towards the differential SIPCOT' and pay the payable to the SIPCOT as per the demand made by the remainingamountofRs.20,00,000/-towardsthesaleoflmmovableAssetsatthetime in favour of the of registration of the Sale Deed by the TRANSFEROR TRANSFEREEalongwithexcessamountifanyavailableinthesaidRs.55'00'000/- afterpayingtotheSlPCoTtowardsdifferentiallandcost. from their mother in respect of the 4. The Partners of TRANSFEROR shall get a release mentioned property by way of a registered her right or share or whatsoever in the Schedule to produce the said Rerease (Relinquishment) Rerease Deed at their cost, and they undertake the date of this agreement. Deed to the TRANSFERORwithin 7 days from transferred in their name 5. The TRANSFEROR undertakes to get the property Letter of SIPCOT vide Ref (J.S.POLYMERS-Partnership Firm) based on the before submitting an Application No.DII/sIC Grz34rJ.s.poLyMERs 12009 dated 12.03.2015, TRANSFEREE relating to the Property' for transferring the Leasehold right in favour of the Stamp Duty' and charges including 6. The TRANSFEROR shall bear all expenses, cost' as well as to the regulatory departments' the dues, fees and arrears payable to the SIPCOT the SIPCOT from J's'Polymers (Proprietorship etc., relating to the transfers to be effected by (Partnership Firm) due to change of Constitution concern) to and in favour of J.S.polymers whichwasapplovedbytheslPCoTintheabovereferredletter. T.TheTRANSFEREEshallbeartheoffrcialstampDutyarrdRegistrationChargesfor in favow of the TRANSFEREE and also the Modifred Lease Deed executed by the SIPCOT .rrrr J.S. POI-YMER$ hem Pvt. Ltd. 6 of TRANSFEREE for conveying for the sale Deed executed by the TRANSFEROR in favour the immovable assets (Superstructure)' be completed in the time g. All transactions stipulated under this agreement should get the transfer of Schedule mentioned specified herein, enabling the TRANSFEREE to in their favour' within 60 days from property by way of Modified Lease Deed and Sale Deed purpose, be deemed to be the Essence of the date of this Agreement. The time shall, for this by the parties herein, the stipulated period contact. Unress there is a mutuar extension of time for the completion of transaction of 60 days to be strictly followed by both parties herein under this agreement. Documents relating to the Schedule g. The TRANSFEROR shall hand over the original mentionedpropertytotheTRANSFEREEatthetimeoftheregistrationofthesaleDeed. However,theTRANSFERORundertakestoproducethesametotheTRANSFEREEforany legal verification or inspection required by them' made by the 10. Upon completion of payment of the entire sale consideration TRANSFEREE,asaforesaidwithinthestipulatedperiod,theTRANSFERORshallexecute assets relating to the schedule mentioned the Sale Deed in respect of the sale of immovabre propertyinfavouroftheTRANSFEREEaftergettingduetransferfromtheSlPCoTinfavour TRANSFEREE. like property taxes', water charges' 11. The TRANSFEROR shall pay all Statutory dues etc' in respect of the PROPERTY upto the TANGEDCO Charges, other taxes and charges date of sale and produce the same to the TRANSFEREE |2.TheTRNASFERoRshallhandoverthevacantpossessionofthepropertytothe to them at the time of the registration of TRANSFEREE and to hand over the respective keys the Sale Deed. not entered into any similar agreement 13. The TRANSFEROR declares that they have property' with any one in respect of Schedule mentioned property is not subject matter of any 14. The TRANSFER9R hereby declares that the attachment, prior agreement of sale' Revenue charge or mortgage, lis-pendens, lien, court subject sort of acquisition proceedings and not Recovery proceedings or family claim or any Chem R/t. Ltd. ir J.S" FOLYNIERS mentioned property is free matter of any proceedings from the local body and the schedule from all encumbrances. over or transfer or 15. The TRANSFEROR undertakes not to create any encumbrance and in favour of any person except the agree to transfer any interest in Schedule property to TRANSFEREE. absolutely free from all 16. The TRANSFEROR shall convey the Schedule property of the TRANSFEREE' encumbrances, claims, demands whatsoever in favour of this agreement within the 17. If the Sale could not be effected as per the terms parties herein in writing' the TRANSFEROR stipulated period, if not mutually extended by that is paid under this shall refund the entire advance amount to the TRANSFEREE agreement,withinTdaysfromthedateofexpiryofthisagreement' out of which' one is 18. This sale Agreement is prepared in Duplicate (Two originals) is held by the TRANSFEREE retained by the TRANSFEROR and another one or in the event of any differqnce 19. In the event of breach of the terms of this Agreement this Agreement or in any matter relating or disputes arising between parties with regard to Arbitrator, (who shall be a Retired District thereto, the same shall be first referred to a sole shall be final and binding on the judge or an Advocate of good standing) and the award provisions of the Arbitration & conciliation parties hereto and Arbitration shail be as per the Actinforce.TheArbitrationshallbeconductedinEnglishLanguageandtheseatof Arbitration shall be at Chennai' SCHEDULE OF PROPERTY in the SIPCOT',s lndustrial complex at All that piece and parcel land bearing Plot No.F-52, with a Superstructure measuring a Plinth Gummidipoondi, measuring and extent of 1.00 acre patt part Karumbukuppam village and s'No'642 area of 2700 sqft, comprised in S.No.11 of Taluk, Thiruvallur District, bounded on the of old Gummidipoondi Village, Gummidipoondi Boundary and Linear measurement Linear measurement pi-ttto west on Northern side 88 mtr NORTH BY PlotNo.F-51 hem Pvt. Ltd. tr J.S. PO{-YMER.. -w,* C EAST BY 12.00 mtr Road North to South on Eastern side 46 mtr SOUTH BY Plot No.F-53 mtr, Road East to West on Southern side 88 mtr WEST BY PlotNo.F-46 North to South on Western side 46 mtr in all measuring an 1.00 acre, situate within the Registration Sub-District of Gummudipoondi IN WITNESS WHEREOF THE TRANSFEROR AND THE TRANSFEREE HAVE SIGNED THIS AGREEMENT ON THE DAY MONTA AND YEAR HEREIN ABoVE MENTIONED IN THE PRESENCE OF THE WITNESSES: For Detergeo Chem Pvt. Ltd. tr J-S- PC)LYUIERS ( Details of Witnesses Signature I A_ A(BDu l_ J-Ar|+RRP 5 lo . M.A . SrrA Ko( f/z" JoruF-s STRE-EI GleoRG-rE Tlowal (3ttF.^.rruAf . 6oo 60, 1lSt,s | 1b8 2 T. 5oH N 9/o. fHnNkAtfAN lr E"\> Noi 3ls / ytl No. 1s2, -! 4or, f|-o-,,,bnd'cAf SI,, CLL^na; -l ANNEXURE III SITE LAYOUT Plant Layout ANNEXURE -IV Material Safety Data Sheets for all Raw Materials Material Safety Data Sheet PRODUCT NAME: LAURYL ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE (2 MOL) ======CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND DISTRIBUTOR IDENTIFICATION ======TRADE NAME: LAURYL ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE (2 MOLE) CAS#: 68439-50-9 EINECS#: 500-213-3 DATE: December 1, 2009 DISTRIBUTOR: ADDRESS: ACME-HARDESTY COMPANY 450 Sentry Parkway Blue Bell, PA 19422 TELEPHONE: FAX: EMERGENCY:800) 223 - 7054 (215) 591 – 3620 CHEMTREC (800) 424-9300 ======COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS ======INFORMATION ON HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS: Lauryl Alcohol CHEMICAL NAME: Ethoxylate % COMPOUND: ~ 100 CAS#: 68439-50-9 EINECS #: 500-213-3 ======HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS/IDENTITY INFORMATION ======ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS: Very toxic to aquatic organisms HUMAN HEALTH HAZARDS: Harmful if swallowed Risk of serious damage to eyes ====== FIRST AID MEASURES ======EFFECT AND SYMPTOMS: INGESTION: Harmful if ingested. Causes irritation. INHALATION: Inhalation does not cause problems. SKIN CONTACT: May cause irritation. EYE CONTACT: Irritating. FIRST AID MEASURES: INGESTION: Induce vomiting and seek medical attention. If difficulties occur after vapor/aerosol has been inhaled, remove to INHALATION: fresh air and seek medical attention SKIN CONTACT: Flush with water for at least 15 minutes. EYE CONTACT: Flush with water for at least 15 minutes. Consult eye specialist. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylate (2 MOL) December 1, 2009 Page 2 of 5 ======FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES ======EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: SUITABLE: Water, dry extinguishing media, foam, carbon dioxide. NOT SUITABLE: Not applicable SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING Wear protective equipment and self contained breathing PROCEDURES: apparatus. UNUSUAL FIRE/EXPLOSION In case of fire, harmful vapors may be released HAZARDS: As in special fire fighting procedures given above PROTECTION OF FIREFIGHTERS: Does not occur HAZARDOUS THERMAL DECOMP. PROD: The degree of risk is governed by the burning substance and the fire OTHER INFORMATION: conditions. Contaminated extinguishing water must be disposed of in accordance with official regulations. ======ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES ======PERSONAL PRECAUTIONS: Use personal protective equipments (PPE).Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. METHOD OF CLEANING UP: Flush spill with water for minor spills. For large spillage collect the product. Residues can be removed by using suitable absorbent material. Dispose the absorbed material in accordance with regulations. ENVIRONMENTAL Contain contaminated water/ fire fighting water. PRECAUTIONS: Do not discharge into drains / surface water / ground water ======HANDLING AND STORAGE ======HANDLING: Avoid contact with eyes, open cuts. Wash thoroughly after handling. Keep away from food, domestic water supplies STORAGE: Keep in close container. Product can absorb moisture if exposed to atmosphere. Store at 30-40°C If stored at 6°C for a longer time, it becomes a hazy white semi-solid. Warm it before use. Prolonged storage may show settling of salt at the bottom. Mix the product before use. SUITABLE PACKING HDPE drums/ epoxy coated (Lacquer) MS drums. Keep container tightly closed. MATERIALS: NOT SUITABLE PACKING MATERIALS: Not applicable ======EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION ======RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PROTECTION: None required, when adequate ventilation is available. If airborne concentration is high, use a mask or respirator. SKIN AND BODY PROTECTION: Uniform, apron, protective boots HAND PROTECTION: Rubber gloves EYE PROTECTION: Safety goggles and face shield MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylate (2 MOL) December 1, 2009 Page 3 of 5 ======STABILITY AND REACTIVITY ======CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Heat, flame and other sources of ignition. MATERIALS TO AVOID: Do not subject to acidic pH / moisture strong acids and oxidizing agents. HAZARDOUS DECOMP PROD: Will not occur ======PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ======Liquid with tendency to show PHYSICAL STATE: settling COLOR: Colorless to pale yellow ODOR: Characteristic pH (1% Aqueous Solution): 6.0 – 8.0 E.O. Mole No.: 2 HLB VALUE: 6 – 7 FLASH POINT, °C: 162°C SOLIDIFICATION POINT, °C: 6– 10°C POUR POINT°C: 6°C DENSITY @ 20°C g/ml: 0.8870- 0.8930 SOLUBILITY WATER: Insoluble in water ======TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION ======ACUTE TOXICITY: INHALATION (LC50): ORAL (LD50) (Rat): DERMAL (LD50) Rabbit): 2000mg/kg >700 mg/kg Not available SKIN IRRITATION: Moderate Irritation EYE IRRITATION: Severe Irritation SENSITIZATION: Non-sensitizing CHRONIC TOXICITY: None identified. CARCINOGENICITY: Not carcinogenic ======ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION ======ECOTOXICITY: Very toxic to aquatic animals ======DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS ======METHODS OF DISPOSAL: In accordance with local, federal, and state environmental regulations. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylate (2 MOL) December 1, 2009 Page 4 of 5 ======TRANSPORT INFORMATION ======LAND TRANSPORT: ADR : Class 9 : Packaging group III : UN-number 3082 : Designation of goods - Environmentally Hazardous Substance, Liquid, N.O.S. RID : Class 9 : Packaging group III : UN-number 3082 : Designation of goods - Environmentally Hazardous Substance, Liquid, N.O.S. INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT: ADNR : Class 9 : Packaging group III : UN-number 3082 : Designation of goods - Environmentally Hazardous Substance, Liquid, N.O.S. SEA TRANSPORT: IMDG/GGV : Class 9 : Packaging group III : UN-number 3082 : Designation of goods - Environmentally Hazardous Substance, Liquid, N.O.S. AIR TRANSPORT: ICAO/IATA : Class 9 : Packaging group III : UN-number 3082 : Designation of goods - Environmentally Hazardous Substance, Liquid, N.O.S. ======REGULATORY INFORMATION ======INVENTORIES: PICCS (Philippines), JCSCL- Existing / New Chemical Substances (Japan), KECL (Korea), DSL (Canada), AICS (Australia), TSCA (US), EU- NLP (EU0, CIECS (China) LABEL Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylate NAME: SYMBOL(S): HAZARD N - Dangerous for the environment Xn - Harmful R-PHRASE(S): R22 – Harmful, if swallowed. R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R50 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms S-PHRASE(S): S39 - Wear eye/face protection S26 - In case of eye contact, rinse immediately with plenty of water; seek medical advice S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheet MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylate (2 MOL) December 1, 2009 Page 5 of 5 ======ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ======Product may contain trace amounts of ethylene oxide (< 1ppm) which may get accumulated in the headspace of filled containers. Ethylene Oxide is listed as a human carcinogen/potential human carcinogen in OSHA, NTP, and IARC. Listed as Carc. Mut. Category 2 in 67/548/EEC Annexure 1. User should take precautions while handling the product to avoid exposure. OSHA EXPOSURE LIMITS: OSHA ACTION LEVEL: OSHA PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT: OSHA EXCURSION LIMIT: 0.5 ppm for 8hr TWA 1 ppm for 8 hr TWA 5ppm for 15minutes The data herein are based on our current knowledge and believed to be reliable. Acme-Hardesty Co., provides this information without any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding its accuracy or correctness. Users must make their own determination that handling, storage and use of the product in the anticipated manner is safe and appropriate. Because these actions of the user are out of our control, and may be beyond our knowledge, we do not assume responsibility and expressly disclaim liability for loss, damage, expense or any other claim arising out of or in any way connected with the handling, storage, use or disposal of the product. Disposal of containers must comply with applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations. Empty containers should never be given to individuals. MSDS Material- Alpha Olefin C1618 Alpha Olefin C1618, a blend of hexadecene and octadecene, is produced by Ineos Oligomers by using a modified Ziegler ethylene chain growth technology. The mixture is a clear water- white, mobile liquid. Applications Alpha Olefin C1618 undergoes all reactions typical of alpha olefins. Alpha Olefin C1618 can be used in the production of oxo alcohols, alkylated aromatics, epoxides, tanning oils, synthetic fatty acids, and alpha olefin sulfonates. C1618 is also used as a base fluid for synthetic drilling muds. 1 Typical Properties Carbon Number, wt% (by GC) C 14 1.0 C 16 57.0 C 18 37.0 C 5.0 20 100.0 Hydrocarbon Type, wt% (by GC) Monoolefin 99.2 Paraffin 0.8 100.0 Olefin Isomers, mole% by (NMR) Linear terminal 61.5 Branched terminal 32.5 Linear internal 6.0 100.0 Other Properties Color, APHA 5 Density at 20°C, g/mL 0.787 Density at 68°F, lbs/gal 6.56 Pour Point, °C 2.0 Flash Point, °C, (ASTM D 93) 135 Boiling Range, °C, (5%-95%) 285-316 1Typical properties will vary within specification limits. Transportation Mode Alpha Olefin C1618 is stored under a nitrogen blanket. It is not corrosive to steel or aluminum. Contact with air, water or oxygen should be avoided because alpha olefins are sensitive to moisture and auto-oxidation which form impurities that can interface with subsequent reactions. Alpha olefins should be handled under a dry, inert gas atmosphere. As with all hydrocarbons, alpha olefins can form explosive mixtures with air or oxygen in certain concentrations. Alpha Olefin C1618 is available rail tank cars, tank trailers, marine vessels and isotanks. Alpha Olefin C1618 is available in drums on special order. Harmonized Tariff Number: 2710.00 Selected Specification Values Carbon Number, wt% (by GC) C 14 2.0 max. C 16 45.0-65.0 max. C 18 23.0-55.0 min. C 20 10.0 max. Hydrocarbon Type, wt% (by GC) Monoolefin 98.8 min. Paraffin 1.2 max. Type-C15 alcohol 0.5 Olefin Isomers, mole% (by NMR) Linear terminal 60.0 min. Branched terminal 35.0 max. Linear internal 10.0 max. Regulatory Information The product and uses described herein may require global product registrations and notifications for chemical inventory listings, or for use in food contact or medical devices. For further information, send an e- mail to: [email protected]. Health and Safety Information The product described herein may require precautions in handling and use because of toxicity, flammability, or other consideration. The available product health and safety information for this material is contained in the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) that may be obtained by calling +1-866-363-2454 (Toll Free-North America), or by sending an e-mail to: [email protected]. Before using any material, a customer is advised to consult the MSDS for the product under consideration for use. The Material Safety Data Sheet for this product contains shipping descriptions and should be consulted, before transportation, as a reference in determining the proper shipping description. If the material shipped by Ineos Oligomers is altered or modified, different shipping descriptions may apply and the MSDS of the original material should not be used. For additional information, samples, pricing and availability, please contact: INEOS Oligomers Marina View Building 2600 South Shore Boulevard Suite 400 League City, TX 77573 Phone: 866-363-2454 www.ineosoligomers.com INEOS Oligomers Ocknell House Beechen Lane Lyndhurst SO43 7DD Hampshire, United Kingdom Tel: Please use specific country number depending from where you call: UK: +44-2380-287063 France: +33 1 55 1742 50 Germany: +49 69 5007 0257 Belgium/Netherlands: +32 2 711 9702 Nordic Countries: +46 8 587 691 07 Italy: +39 02 696 335 74 Other Countries: +44(0) 207 026 8330 Fax +44-2380-287069 Technical information contained herein is furnished without charge or obligation, and is given and accepted at recipient's sole risk. Because conditions of use may vary and are beyond our control, INEOS makes no representation about, and is not responsible or liable for the accuracy or reliability of data, nor for toxicological effects or Industrial Hygiene requirements associated with particular uses of any product described herein. Nothing contained in this document shall be considered a recommendation for any use that may infringe patent rights, or an endorsement of any particular material, equipment, service, or other item not supplied by INEOS. The “Properties” and “Applications” listed in this document are not specifications. They are provided as information only and in no way modify, amend, enlarge, or create any specification or warranty, and ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE EXCLUDED. The name INEOS is a trademark of INEOS Capital Limited. Lauryl Alcohol MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET CAS No 112-53-8 SDS/MSDS SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1 Product identifiers Product name : Lauryl Alcohol CAS-No. : 112-53-8 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Industrial & for professional use only. 1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company : Central Drug House (P) Ltd 7/28 Vardaan House New Delhi-10002 INDIA +91 11 Telephone : 49404040 Email : [email protected] 1.4 Emergency telephone number Emergency Phone # : +91 11 49404040 (9:00am - 6:00 pm) [Office hours] SECTION 2: Hazards identification 2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Eye irritation (Category 2), H319 Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H400 Chronic aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H410 For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16. 2.2 Label elements Labelling according Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Pictogram Signal word Warning Hazard statement(s) H319 Causes serious eye irritation. H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Precautionary statement(s) P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Page 1 of 7 Supplemental Hazard none Statements 2.3 Other hazards This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bio accumulative (vPvB) at levels of 0.1% or higher. SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients 3.1 Substances Synonyms : 1-Dodecanol Dodecyl alcohol Alcohol C12 Formula : C12H26O Molecular weight : 186,34 g/mol CAS-No. : 112-53-8 EC-No. : 203-982-0 Hazardous ingredients according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Component Classification Concentration Dodecan-1-ol CAS-No. 112-53-8 Eye Irrit. 2; Aquatic Acute 1; <= 100 % EC-No. 203-982-0 Aquatic Chronic 1; H319, H400, H410 M-Factor - Aquatic Acute: 1 For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16. SECTION 4: First aid measures 4.1 Description of first aid measures General advice Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. If inhaled If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician. In case of skin contact Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician. In case of eye contact Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician. If swallowed Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician. 4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2.2) and/or in section 11 4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed No data available SECTION 5: Firefighting measures 5.1 Extinguishing media Suitable extinguishing media Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. 5.2 Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture Carbon oxides 5.3 Advice for firefighters Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary. 5.4 Further information No data available SECTION 6: Accidental release measures 6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8. 6.2 Environmental precautions Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. 6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal. 6.4 Reference to other sections For disposal see section 13. SECTION 7: Handling and storage 7.1 Precautions for safe handling Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2. 7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non Combustible Solids 7.3 Specific end use(s) Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection 8.1 Control parameters Components with workplace control parameters 8.2 Exposure controls Appropriate engineering controls Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday. Personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166 Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Skin protection Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. Body Protection Impervious clothing, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Respiratory protection For nuisance exposures use type P95 (US) or type P1 (EU EN 143) particle respirator.For higher level protection use type OV/AG/P99 (US) or type ABEK -P2 (EU EN 143) respirator cartridges. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU). Control of environmental exposure Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties 9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties a) Appearance Form: solid Colour: white b) Odour No data available c) Odour Threshold No data available d) pH No data available Melting point/range: 22 - 26 °C - e) Melting point/freezing lit. point f) Initial boiling point and 260 - 262 °C boiling range g) Flash point 121 °C - closed cup h) Evaporation rate No data available : Flammability (solid, gas) No data available Upper explosion limit: 4 j) Upper/lower %(V) Lower explosion limit: 0,6 flammability or %(V) explosive limits k) Vapour pressure 0,1 hPa at 20 °C l) Vapour density No data available m) Relative density 0,833 g/cm3 at 25 °C 1 g/l at 23 °C - slightly n) Water solubility soluble Partition coefficient: o) n- log Pow: 4,8 octanol/water p) Auto-ignition ca.275 °C at 1.013 hPa temperature q) Decomposition No data available temperature r) Viscosity No data available s) Explosive properties No data available t) Oxidizing properties No data available Other safety 9.2 information No data available SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity 101 Reactivity No data available 102 Chemical stability Stable under recommended storage conditions. 10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions No data available 10.4 Conditions to avoid No data available 10.5 Incompatible materials Strong oxidizing agents 10.6 Hazardous decomposition products Other decomposition products - No data available In the event of fire: see section 5 SECTION 11: Toxicological information 11.1 Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity LD50 Oral - Rat - male and female - > 2.000 mg/kg (OECD Test Guideline 401) LD50 Dermal - Rabbit - male and female - 8.000 - 12.000 mg/kg (OECD Test Guideline 402) Skin corrosion/irritation Skin - Rabbit Result: No skin irritation - 4 h (OECD Test Guideline 404) Serious eye damage/eye irritation Irritating to eyes. Eyes - Rabbit Result: Irritating to eyes. - 24 h (OECD Test Guideline 405) Respiratory or skin sensitisation Maximisation Test (GPMT) - Guinea pig Result: Did not cause sensitisation on laboratory animals. (OECD Test Guideline 406) Germ cell mutagenicity No data available Reverse mutation assay : typhimurium Result: negative OECD Test Guideline 474 Mouse - male and female Result: negative Carcinogenicity Carcinogenicity - Mouse - Skin Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria. Skin and Appendages: Other: Tumors. Tumorigenic: Tumors at site or application. IARC: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as Probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC. Reproductive toxicity No data available Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure No data available Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure No data available Aspiration hazard No data available Additional Information Repeated dose Rat - male and female - Oral - NOAEL: 2.000 mg/kg toxicity RTECS: JR5775000 To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. SECTION 12: Ecological information 12.1 Toxicity Toxicity to fish mortality LC50 - Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) - 1,01 mg/l - 96 h Toxicity to daphnia and Immobilization EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 0,765 mg/l - 48 h Other aquatic (OECD Test Guideline 202) Invertebrates Toxicity to algae Growth inhibition EC50 - Desmodesmus subspicatus (Scenedesmus Subspicatus) - 0,66 mg/l - 72 h (OECD Test Guideline 201) 12.2 Persistence and degradability Biodegradability aerobic - Exposure time 28 d Result: 79 % - Readily biodegradable (OECD Test Guideline 301D) 12.3 Bio accumulative potential Indication of bioaccumulation. 12.4 Mobility in soil No data available 12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent, bio accumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bio accumulative (vPvB) at levels of 0.1% or higher. 12.6 Other adverse effects Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. No data available SECTION 13: Disposal considerations 13.1 Waste treatment methods Product Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Contaminated packaging Dispose of as unused product. SECTION 14: Transport information 14.1 UN number ADR/RID: 3077 IMDG: 3077 IATA: 3077 14.2 UN proper shipping name ADR/RID: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, SOLID, N.O.S. (Dodecan-1-ol) IMDG: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, SOLID, N.O.S. (Dodecan-1-ol) IATA: Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (Dodecan-1-ol) 14.3 Transport hazard class(es) ADR/RID: 9 IMDG: 9 IATA: 9 14.4 Packaging group ADR/RID: III IMDG: III IATA: III 14.5 Environmental hazards ADR/RID: yes IMDG Marine pollutant: yes IATA: yes 14.6 Special precautions for user Further information EHS-Mark required (ADR 2.2.9.1.10, IMDG code 2.10.3) for single packagings and combination packagings containing inner packagings with Dangerous Goods > 5L for liquids or > 5kg for solids. SECTION 15: Regulatory information This safety datasheet complies with the requirements of Regulation (EC) No. 453/2010. 15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture 15.2 Chemical Safety Assessment For this product a chemical safety assessment was not carried out SECTION 16: Other information Full text of H-Statements referred to under sections 2 and 3. H319 Causes serious eye irritation. H400 Very toxic to aquatic life. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting H410 effects. Further information The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. Central Drug House (P) Ltd and its Affiliates shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See www.cdhfinechemical.com for additional terms and conditions of sale. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Industrial Sulfur GEORGIA GULF SULFUR CORPORATION Office: PO Box 1165, Valdosta Georgia 31603 phone (229) 244-0000 fax (229) 245-1664 Plant: PO Box 67, Bainbridge Georgia 39818 phone (229) 246-4552 fax (229) 246-3245 EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE: CHEMTREC (800) 424-9300 (24 Hours) SECTION 1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY Trade Name & Synonyms: Sulphur, Pulverized Sulfur, Rubbermaker’s Sulfur, Commercial Sulfur Chemical Name: Sulfur Family Name: Element - Sulfur Chemical Formula: S8 Appearance: Odorless, tasteless, pale yellow powder or solid CAS Number: 7704-34-9 Hazardous Ingredient: Sulfur % by Weight: 97.5% Min. SECTION 2 PHYSICAL DATA Appearance: Yellow colored lumps, crystals, powder, or formed shape Odor: Odorless, or faint odor of rotten eggs Purity: 99.5% Min. Formula: S8 (Rhombic or monoclinic) Vapor Pressure: 0mmHG at 280OF Solubility In Water: Insoluble Specific Gravity: 2.07 @ 70oF Boiling Point: 832oF (444oC) Freezing/Melting Point: 230-246oF (110-119oC) Bulk Density: Lumps 75-115 lbs./ft3 Powder 33-80 lbs./ft3 SECTION 3 FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flashpoint: 405OF(207.2oC) Flammable Limits: LEL: 35 g/m3 UEL: 1400 g/m3 Auto-ignition Temperature: 478-511oF (248-266oC) Extinguishing Media: Water fog , spray, or regular foam. Do not use a direct water stream. Burning Sulfur: Decomposes into TOXIC sulfur oxide gasses such as: Sulfur dioxide and Hydrogen sulfide. — PRIMARYHAZARD: Sulfur dust suspended in air ignites easily, and can cause an explosion in confined areas. May be ignited by friction, static electricity, heat, sparks, or flames. Toxic gases will form upon combustion. Bulk/solid forms burn only at moderate rate, whereas dust burns with explosive violence. — FIRE: Wear full-faced, self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Use a water fog to extinguish fire. Do not use solid streams of water; which could create sulfur dust clouds and cause an explosion or move burning sulfur to adjacent areas. Fire will rekindle until mass is cooled below 310oF (154oC). Cool surrounding areas with water fog to prevent re-igniting. Cool containers, tank cars, or trailer loads with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Evacuate nonessential personnel from the fire area. If large fire, evacuate people downwind from fire. Isolate for ½ mile in all directions; consider evacuation for ½ mile in all directions. Prevent human exposure to smoke, fumes, or products of combustion (sulfur oxide gases). Firemen exposed to contaminated smoke should be immediately relieved and checked for symptoms of exposure to toxic gasses. Seek medical attention immediately! This should not be mistaken for heat exhaustion or smoke inhalation. These are extremely irritating to the respiratory tract and may cause breathing difficulty and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may be delayed several hours or longer depending upon exposure. Page 1 of 1 Distributed by: The Science Company Part Numbers: NC-0981, S1142 HAZARD RATING 0 = Least 1 = Slight 2 = Moderate 3 = High 4 = Extreme ACUTE HEALTH = 1 FIRE = 1 REACTIVITY = 0 CONTACT = 1 SECTION 4 REACTIVITY DATA Stability: Stable Conditions to Avoid (Instability): Keep from heat sources, sparks, and open flames. Materials to Avoid (Incompatibility): Oxidizing agents, may react violently. Corrosive to copper and copper alloys. Damp sulfur will corrode steel. Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Oxides of sulfur gasses produced by burning sulfur. SECTION 5 HEALTH HAZARDS Sulfur is essentially non-toxic either through ingestion, inhalation, skin or eye contact. Individuals with known allergies to sulfide drugs may also have allergic reactions to elemental sulfur. — SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF OVEREXPOSURE Nose or throat irritation, coughing, chest discomfort, asthma, difficulty breathing, nausea, vomiting, stinging eye irritation, skin irritation, hives. — EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID: SKIN CONTACT: No adverse effects. Skin irritation may be aggravated in persons with existing skin lesions. Wash exposed clothing separately before reuse. First Aid: Wash skin with plenty of mild soap and water. EYE CONTACT: Sulfur dust is an eye irritant. Avoid contact with eyes, especially contact wearers. Wear safety glasses. First Aid: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for a minimum of fifteen minutes. Hold upper and lower lids apart to insure rinsing of the entire eye surface and lids. Do not use boric acid to rinse with; sulfur is an acid irritant. FOR SEVERE IRRITATION, GET MEDICAL ATTENTION, preferably an ophthalmologist. INHALATION: Prolonged inhalation may cause irritation of the respiratory tract. Breathing of dust may aggravate asthma and other pulmonary diseases. Individuals with known allergies to sulfide drugs may also have allergic reactions to elemental sulfur dust. Maintain adequate ventilation in area where dust is present. Wear dust masks and use NIOSH/MSHA approved dust respirator if airborne concentrations exceed exposure limits. First Aid: Move patient to fresh air. Watch for signs of allergic reaction. Use a bronchodilator inhaler if directed by asthma patient. Keep victim warm and quiet. If not breathing, clear airway and start mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If heart has stopped beating, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. INGESTION: Ingested sulfur is converted to sulfides in the gastrointestinal tract, and ingestion of 10 to 20 grams has caused irritation of the GI tract and renal injury. Individuals with known allergies to sulfide drugs may also have allergic reactions to elemental sulfur. Swallowing large amounts may cause nausea and vomiting. Do not eat sulfur. First Aid: For large amounts ingested, if the victim is conscious and alert, give two or more glasses of water to drink. If available, give one tablespoon of Syrup of Ipecac to induce vomiting. If vomiting does occur, give fluids again. If vomiting has not occurred in twenty minutes, the same dose of Syrup of Ipecac may be repeated one additional time. Alternatively, vomiting may be induced by touching the back of the throat with a finger. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious or convulsing person. GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. EXPOSURELIMITS: No exposure limits have been established. TOXICOLOGY: Oral LD50 (Rats):>5050 mg/kg body weight Dermal LD50 (Rats):>2020 mg/kg body weight Inhalation @ 90% LC50 (Rats):>5.49 mg/L air concentration Skin Effects (Rabbits): Slightly irritating Eye Effects (Rabbits): Minimal irritation in non-washed eyes CARCINOGENICITY, TERATOGENICITY, MUTAGENICITY: This product does not contain any ingredient designated by NTP, IARC, or OSHA as a probable human carcinogen. SECTION 6 PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE HANDLING AND USE STORAGE: Page 2 of 2 Distributed by: The Science Company Part Numbers: NC-0981, S1142 Containers should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed. Store away from flammable materials, sources of heat, flame and sparks. Separate from chlorates, nitrates and other oxidizing agents. Exercise due caution to prevent damage to or leakage from container. — EXPLOSION HAZARD: Avoid any conditions that might tend to create a dust explosion. Be careful not to create dust. Maintain good housekeeping practices to minimize dust build-up and dispersion. Eliminate sources of ignition. Keep away from heat, sparks and flames. Use nonferrous tools to reduce sparking. Sweep or shovel up spilled material using a natural fiber broom and/or aluminum shovel to prevent sparking. Maintain adequate ventilation in all areas. — SMALL or LARGE SPILLS: No flares or flames in area. No smoking. Danger of dust explosion near sparks. Sweep or shovel up spilled material using a natural fiber broom and/or aluminum shovel to prevent sparking. Place sweepings in an appropriate chemical waste container for reclaiming or disposal in an approved facility. Wash spill site after clean up is complete. Wear protective clothing during clean up: safety glasses, rubber gloves, impervious clothing, dust mask or respirator. SECTION 7 PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WORK AREA: Protective equipment should be used during the following procedures: - Manufacture or formulation of this product. - Repair and maintenance of contaminated equipment. - Clean up of leaks and spills. - Any situation that may result in hazardous exposure. Maintain adequate ventilation and wear a respirator or a dust mask to prevent inhalation. Wear suitable, protective clothing and safety glasses to prevent skin and eye irritation from dust. Maintain a sink, safety shower and eyewash fountain in the work area. Wash skin thoroughly after handling and before eating or smoking. Wash contaminated clothing separately before reuse. SECTION 8 DOT AND REGULATORY INFORMATION TSCA: This product is listed on the TSCA Inventory at CAS Registry Number 7704-34-9. CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). If this product is accidentally spilled, it is not subject to any special reporting. We recommend that you contact state and local authorities to determine if there are other local reporting requirements. SARA TITLE III: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, Title III, Sections 311/312: None. Section 313: None. Section 302: None. RCRA: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act: not subject to reporting because sulfur is not identified as a hazardous waste. SHIPPING CLASSIFICATION: Solid sulfur is not subject to the requirements of Title 49 CFR Hazardous Materials Shipping Guidelines if transported in a non-bulk packaging (less than 400 kg per package) or is formed to a specific shape (e.g. prills, granules, pellets, pastilles, or flakes). DOT DOMESTIC: Bulk Packaging – Powdered Sulfur Only Shipping Name: Sulfur Hazard Class: 9 (Misc. Hazardous materials) ID Number: NA1350 Packaging Group: III Label: Class 9 Placard: Class 9 Hazardous Substance/Rq: Not Applicable DOT INTERNATIONAL: Bulk Packaging – Powdered Sulfur Only Shipping Name: Sulfur Hazard Class: 4.1 (Flammable Solid) ID Number: UN1350 Packaging Group: III Label: Flammable Solid Page 3 of 3 Distributed by: The Science Company Part Numbers: NC-0981, S1142 Safety Data Sheet Placard: Class 4 (Flammable Solid) Hazardous Substance/Rq: Not Applicable IMDG: Powdered Sulfur – all packages Shipping Name: Sulfur Hazard Class: 4.1 (Flammable Solid) ID Number: UN1350 Packaging Group: III Label: Flammable Solid Placard: Class 4 (Flammable Solid) Hazardous Substance/Rq: Not Applicable This product is not a Marine Pollutant as defined in 40 CFR part 172. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, CONTACT YOUR TECHNICAL SALES REPRESENTATIVE. FOR ADDITIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY INFORMATION, CALL GEORGIA GULF SULFUR CORPORATION AT 229-244-0000. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS BASED ON THE DATA AVAILABLE TO US AND IS BELIEVED TO BE CORRECT. HOWEVER, THE SCIENCE COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, REGARDING THE ACCURACY OF THIS DATA OR THE RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM THE USE THEREOF. THE SCIENCE COMPANY ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR INJURY FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT DESCRIBED HEREIN. 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MATERIAL AND SUPPLIER Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Other name(s): Sodium hydroxide - liquid (46%-50%), Soda lye solution (46%-50%), Caustic soda solution (46%-50%), Sodium hydroxide solution (46%-50%), Liquid caustic soda (46%-50%), LCS 46%, Rezolv 46, Algane C46, Rezolv 50. Recommended use of the chemical Chemical manufacture; neutralising agent; pulp and paper, aluminium, detergent, and and restrictions on use: textile processing; vegetable oil refining; reclaiming rubber; etching and electroplating; food additive. Supplier: Ixom Operations Pty Ltd ABN: 51 600 546 512 Street Address: Level 8, 1 Nicholson Street Melbourne 3000 Australia Telephone Number: +61 3 9665 7111 Facsimile: +61 3 9665 7937 Emergency Telephone: 1 800 033 111 (ALL HOURS) Please ensure you refer to the limitations of this Safety Data Sheet as set out in the "Other Information" section at the end of this Data Sheet. 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the Australian Dangerous Goods Code (ADG Code) for Transport by Road and Rail; DANGEROUS GOODS. This material is hazardous according to Safe Work Australia; HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 1 of 7 SafetyClassification Dataof the substance Sheet or mixture: Corrosive to Metals - Category 1 Skin Corrosion - Sub-category 1A Eye Damage - Category 1 SIGNAL WORD: DANGER Hazard Statement(s): H290 May be corrosive to metals. H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Precautionary Statement(s): Prevention: P234 Keep only in original container. P260 Do not breathe dust / fume / gas / mist / vapours / spray. P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves / protective clothing / eye protection / face protection. Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 2 of 7 Safety Data Sheet Response: P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before re-use. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P321 Specific treatment (see First Aid Measures on Safety Data Sheet). P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P390 Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. Storage: P405 Store locked up. P406 Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. Disposal: P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Poisons Schedule (SUSMP): S6 Poison. 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Components CAS Number Proportion Hazard Codes Sodium hydroxide 1310-73-2 46-50% H290 H314 H318 Water 7732-18-5 50-54% - 4. FIRST AID MEASURES For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre (e.g. phone Australia 131 126; New Zealand 0800 764 766) or a doctor. Inhalation: Remove victim from area of exposure - avoid becoming a casualty. Remove contaminated clothing and loosen remaining clothing. Allow patient to assume most comfortable position and keep warm. Keep at rest until fully recovered. For all but the most minor symptoms arrange for patient to be seen by a doctor as soon as possible, either on site or at the nearest hospital. Skin Contact: If spilt on large areas of skin or hair, immediately drench with running water and remove clothing. Continue to wash skin and hair with plenty of water (and soap if material is insoluble) until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Centre or a doctor. Eye Contact: If in eyes, hold eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously with running water. Continue flushing until advised to stop by a Poisons Information Centre or a doctor, or for at least 15 minutes. Ingestion: Immediately rinse mouth with water. If swallowed, do NOT induce vomiting. Give a glass of water. Seek immediate medical assistance. Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed: Treat symptomatically. Can cause corneal burns. 5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 3 of 7 Safety Data Sheet Suitable Extinguishing Media: Not combustible, however, if material is involved in a fire use: Fine water spray, normal foam, dry agent (carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder). Hazchem or Emergency Action Code: 2R Specific hazards arising from the substance or mixture: Non-combustible material. Special protective equipment and precautions for fire-fighters: Not combustible, however following evaporation of aqueous component residual material can decompose if involved in a fire, emitting toxic fumes. Contact with metals may liberate hydrogen gas which is extremely flammable. Fire fighters to wear self-contained breathing apparatus and suitable protective clothing if risk of exposure to products of decomposition. 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Emergency procedures/Environmental precautions: Clear area of all unprotected personnel. If contamination of sewers or waterways has occurred advise local emergency services. Personal precautions/Protective equipment/Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Slippery when spilt. Avoid accidents, clean up immediately. Wear protective equipment to prevent skin and eye contact and breathing in vapours. Work up wind or increase ventilation. Contain - prevent run off into drains and waterways. Use absorbent (soil, sand or other inert material). Collect and seal in properly labelled containers or drums for disposal. Caution - heat may be evolved on contact with water. 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE This material is a Scheduled Poison S6 and must be stored, maintained and used in accordance with the relevant regulations. Precautions for safe handling: Avoid skin and eye contact and breathing in vapour, mists and aerosols. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Store in cool place and out of direct sunlight. Store away from incompatible materials described in Section 10. Store away from foodstuffs. Do not store in aluminium or galvanised containers nor use die-cast zinc or aluminium bungs; plastic bungs should be used. At temperatures greater than 40°C, tanks must be stress relieved. Keep containers closed when not in use - check regularly for leaks. 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION Control Parameters: No value assigned for this specific material by Safe Work Australia. However, Workplace Exposure Standard(s) for constituent(s): Sodium hydroxide: Peak Limitation = 2 mg/m3 Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 4 of 7 Safety Data Sheet As published by Safe Work Australia Workplace Exposure Standards for Airborne Contaminants. Peak Limitation - a maximum or peak airborne concentration of a particular substance determined over the shortest analytically practicable period of time which does not exceed 15 minutes. These Workplace Exposure Standards are guides to be used in the control of occupational health hazards. All atmospheric contamination should be kept to as low a level as is workable. These workplace exposure standards should not be used as fine dividing lines between safe and dangerous concentrations of chemicals. They are not a measure of relative toxicity. Appropriate engineering controls: Ensure ventilation is adequate to maintain air concentrations below Workplace Exposure Standards. Keep containers closed when not in use. If in the handling and application of this material, safe exposure levels could be exceeded, the use of engineering controls such as local exhaust ventilation must be considered and the results documented. If achieving safe exposure levels does not require engineering controls, then a detailed and documented risk assessment using the relevant Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (refer to PPE section below) as a basis must be carried out to determine the minimum PPE requirements. Individual protection measures, such as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): The selection of PPE is dependent on a detailed risk assessment. The risk assessment should consider the work situation, the physical form of the chemical, the handling methods, and environmental factors. OVERALLS, CHEMICAL GOGGLES, FACE SHIELD, GLOVES (Long), APRON, RUBBER BOOTS. Wear overalls, chemical goggles, face shield, elbow-length impervious gloves, splash apron or equivalent chemical impervious outer garment, and rubber boots. Always wash hands before smoking, eating, drinking or using the toilet. Wash contaminated clothing and other protective equipment before storage or re-use. If determined by a risk assessment an inhalation risk exists, wear a suitable mist respirator meeting the requirements of AS/NZS 1715 and AS/NZS 1716. 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical state: Liquid Colour: Colourless to Slightly Coloured Solubility: Miscible with water. Specific Gravity: 1.48-1.52 @20°C Relative Vapour Density (air=1): Not available Vapour Pressure (20 °C): 1.34 mm Hg (calculated) Flash Point (°C): Not applicable Flammability Limits (%): Not applicable Autoignition Temperature (°C): Not applicable Boiling Point/Range (°C): ca. 145 (literature) pH: 14 (literature) Freezing Point/Range (°C): ca. 12 (calculated) Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 5 of 7 Safety Data Sheet 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Reactivity: Reacts violently with acids. Reacts exothermically on dilution with water. Chemical stability: Stable under normal ambient and anticipated storage and handling conditions of temperature and pressure. Absorbs carbon dioxide from the air. Possibility of hazardous Reacts with ammonium salts, evolving ammonia gas. Reacts readily with various reactions: reducing sugars (i.e. fructose, galactose, maltose, dry whey solids) to produce carbon monoxide. Take precautions including monitoring the tank atmosphere for carbon monoxide to ensure safety of personnel before vessel entry. Conditions to avoid: Avoid exposure to moisture. Incompatible materials: Incompatible with ammonium salts , aluminium , tin , and zinc . Hazardous decomposition None known. products: 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION No adverse health effects expected if the product is handled in accordance with this Safety Data Sheet and the product label. Symptoms or effects that may arise if the product is mishandled and overexposure occurs are: Ingestion: Swallowing can result in nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain and chemical burns to the gastrointestinal tract. Eye contact: A severe eye irritant. Corrosive to eyes; contact can cause corneal burns. Contamination of eyes can result in permanent injury. Skin contact: Contact with skin will result in severe irritation. Corrosive to skin - may cause skin burns. Inhalation: Breathing in mists or aerosols may produce respiratory irritation. Acute toxicity: No LD50 data available for the product. For the constituent Sodium hydroxide : Skin corrosion/irritation: Severe irritant (rabbit). Chronic effects: No information available for the product. 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Ecotoxicity Avoid contaminating waterways. 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Disposal methods: Refer to Waste Management Authority. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 6 of 7 Safety Data Sheet Road and Rail Transport Classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the Australian Dangerous Goods Code (ADG Code) for Transport by Road and Rail; DANGEROUS GOODS. UN No: 1824 Transport Hazard Class: 8 Corrosive Packing Group: II Proper Shipping Name or SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION Technical Name: Hazchem or Emergency Action 2R Code: Marine Transport Classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) for transport by sea; DANGEROUS GOODS. UN No: 1824 Transport Hazard Class: 8 Corrosive Packing Group: II Proper Shipping Name or SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION Technical Name: IMDG EMS Fire: F-A IMDG EMS Spill: S-B Air Transport Classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations for transport by air; DANGEROUS GOODS. UN No: 1824 Transport Hazard Class: 8 Corrosive Packing Group: II Proper Shipping Name or SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION Technical Name: 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION Classification: This material is hazardous according to Safe Work Australia; HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. Classification of the substance or mixture: Corrosive to Metals - Category 1 Skin Corrosion - Sub-category 1A Eye Damage - Category 1 Hazard Statement(s): H290 May be corrosive to metals. Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 7 of 7 H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Safety Data Sheet Poisons Schedule (SUSMP): S6 Poison. Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 8 of 7 Safety Data Sheet All the constituents of this material are listed on the Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS). 16. OTHER INFORMATION `Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances'. Ed. D. Sweet, US Dept. of Health & Human Services: Cincinatti, 2014. This safety data sheet has been prepared by Ixom Operations Pty Ltd Toxicology & SDS Services. Reason(s) for Issue: Change in company details This SDS summarises to our best knowledge at the date of issue, the chemical health and safety hazards of the material and general guidance on how to safely handle the material in the workplace. Since Ixom Operations Pty Ltd cannot anticipate or control the conditions under which the product may be used, each user must, prior to usage, assess and control the risks arising from its use of the material. If clarification or further information is needed, the user should contact their Ixom representative or Ixom Operations Pty Ltd at the contact details on page 1. Ixom Operations Pty Ltd's responsibility for the material as sold is subject to the terms and conditions of sale, a copy of which is available upon request. Product Name: CAUSTIC SODA - LIQUID (46%-50%) Issued: 11/05/2015 Substance No: 000031006701 Version: 6 Page 9 of 7 P a g e | 1 Material Safety Data Sheet Linear Alkyl Benzene 1. Chemical Product and Company Information : Trade name: Linear Alkyl Benzene. Synonyms: Benzene C10-C13 alkyl Derivatives / LAB CAS Number : 67774-74-7 Manufacture : SEEF LIMITED QATAR P.O.Box# 50077 - Mesaieed , Qatar Tel.: +974-44223562 - Fax: +974-40139525 www.seef.com.qa 2. Hazard Identification: Health Hazard: NFPA Rating: 1 HMIS Rating: 1 Flammability Hazard: NFPA Rating: 1 HMIS Rating: 1 Reactivity Hazard: NFPA Rating: 0 HMIS Rating: 0 Environmental Hazard: Not applicable. 3. First Aid: Eye: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Skin: Wash the skin with soap and water, If irritation persists get medical attention. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air and train people give CPR, get Medical attention if required. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, Get Medical attention. 4. Fire fighting measures: Extinguishing Media: CO2, dry Chemical powder and foam. Fire Data: Flash point 130 oC Combustible products: CO and CO2 5. Accidental release measures: Person-related safety precautions Wear protective clothing and equipment. Isolate hazard area. Evacuate all unauthorized personnel not participating in rescue operations from the area. Avoid entry into danger area. Remove all possible sources of ignition. Stop traffic and switch off the motors of the engines. Do not smoke and do not handle with naked flame. Use explosion-proof lamps and non-sparking tools. Avoid contact with the substance. Precautions for protection of the environment: Prevent from further leaks of substance. Dike flow of spilled material using soil or sandbags to minimize contamination of drains, surface and ground waters. If Linear Alkyl Benzene has flowed into drains, ponds or sewage systems, inform appropriate authority. Recommended methods for cleaning and disposal: Soak up residues with non- combustible absorbent material (e.g. sand, earth, vermiculite) and forward for disposal in closed containers. Dispose off under valid legal waste regulations. 6. Handling and storage: Handling in accordance with good hygiene and safety procedures, since empty containers contain residue, follow all hazard warning and precautions. Store in a cool, dry and well ventilated area. Store separately from combustible, organic and oxidizable materials. 7. Exposure control: Personal protective equipment (PPE) for the protection of eyes, hands and skin corresponding with the performed labor has to be kept at disposition for the employees. All PPE have to be kept in disposable state and the damaged or contaminated equipment has to be replaced immediately. Eye: Use chemical safety goggles. Skin: Wear impervious protective clothing, including boots, gloves and coveralls. Respiratory protection: If the exposure limit is exceeded and engineering controls are not feasible, wear a supplied air, full-face piece respirator, airline hood, or full face piece self-contained breathing apparatus. Environmental exposure controls: Proceed in accordance with valid air and water legislative regulations. 8. Physical and chemical properties: Physical State: Liquid Appearance: Colorless Odor: Odorless pH: Not Applicable Boiling Range: 270 – 320 oC Flash Pint: 130 oC Flammability: Not Available Explosive properties: Not Applicable Oxidizing properties: Not Available Freezing Point: 4 oC Vapor pressure mm Hg @ 20 oC: <0.1 Water Solubility: Negligible Viscosity: 5- 10 cps @ 20 oC Vapor Density: 8.4 Specific Gravity: 0.86 9. Stability and reactivity: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizers and No dangerous polymerization. 10. Disposal: Waste can be incinerated under controlled conditions or land filled according to official regulations. This information contained herein has been compiled from sources considered by SEEF Limited to be dependable and is accurate to the best of the company’s knowledge. The information relates to the specific products designated herein, and doses not relate to use in combination with any other material of any other process. SEEF Limited disclaims any liability for injury to the recipient or third persons or for any damage to any property resulting on misuses of the controlled product. He a lt h 3 Fire 0 Re a c t iv it y 0 Pe rs o n a l E Pro t e c t io n Material Safety Data Sheet Vanadium pentoxide MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Vanadium pentoxide Contact Information: Catalog Codes: SLV1165 Sciencelab.com, Inc. 14025 Smith Rd. CAS#: 1314-62-1 Houston, Texas 77396 RTECS: YW2450000 US Sales: 1-800-901-7247 International Sales: 1-281-441-4400 TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Vanadium pentoxide Order Online: ScienceLab.com CI#: Not available. CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call: Synonym: Divanandium pentoxide; Vanadic anhydride; 1-800-424-9300 Vanadium Pentaoxide International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887 Chemical Name: Vanadium Pentoxide For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400 Chemical Formula: V2O5 Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Vanadium pentoxide 1314-62-1 100 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Vanadium pentoxide: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 10 mg/kg [Rat]. 5 mg/kg [Mouse]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 50 mg/kg [Rabbit]. DUST (LC50): Acute: 126 mg/m 6 hours [Rat]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant). Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Severe over-exposure can result in death. Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance may be toxic to gastrointestinal tract, upper respiratory tract, skin. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. Section 4: First Aid Measures p. 1 Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Cold water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention. Ingestion: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Non-flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not applicable. Flash Points: Not applicable. Flammable Limits: Not applicable. Products of Combustion: Not available. Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not applicable. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Not applicable. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Not available. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Large Spill: Poisonous solid. Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. p. 2 Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure limit. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: TWA: 0.05 (mg/m3) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] Respirable. TWA: 0.1 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] Respirable. CEIL: 0.05 (mg/m3) from NIOSH [United States] Respirable. TWA: 0.05 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)] Respirable.Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Powdered solid.) Odor: Odorless. Taste: Not available. Molecular Weight: 181.9 g/mole Color: Yellow-Orange. pH (1% soln/water): Not available. Boiling Point: 1750°C (3182°F) Melting Point: 690°C (1274°F) Critical Temperature: Not available. Specific Gravity: 3.357 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: Not applicable. Vapor Density: Not available. Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: Not available. Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available. Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, acetone. p. 3 Solubility: Soluble in acetone. Partially soluble in cold water. Solubility in water: 1 g/125 ml. Soluble in concentrated acids, alkalies. Insoluble in alcohol. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Incompatible materials, dust generation Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with acids, alkalis. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Incompatible with lithium, chlorine trifluoride, peroxyformic acid. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available. Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 5 mg/kg [Mouse]. Acute dermal toxicity (LD50): 50 mg/kg [Rabbit]. Acute toxicity of the dust (LC50): 126 mg/m 6 hours [Rat]. 3 Chronic Effects on Humans: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. May cause damage to the following organs: gastrointestinal tract, upper respiratory tract, skin. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Very hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant). Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available. Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: May cause adverse reproductive effects and birth defects (teratogenic). May affect genetic material (mutagenic) Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: It causes skin irritation. It may be absorbed through the skin. Eyes: It causes eye irritation. It is irritating to the eyes at airborn concentrations greater than 0.5 mg/m3 Inhalation: It causes respiratory tract irritation. The major target for Vanadium Pentoxide toxicity is the respiratory tract. It is an irritant of the eyes, nose, throat, and respiratory tract at 0.1 mg/m3 or greater. Bronchitis, nasal discharge, sore throat, shortness of breath or dyspnea, rales, chest pain, and productive cough(phlegm) can occur following acute exposure, with effects sometimes being delayed by several days and lasting up to 2 weeks. HIgher exposures can produce bronchopneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Vanadium pentoxide can be absorbed through the lungs. Acute inhalation may also cause liver damage and kidney damage, and affect behavior/central nervous system (ataxia). A green tongue may occur with high-level acute exposure ot Vanadium compounds. Larger acute exposure by inhalation can produce effects on the nervous system, including paralysis, respiratory depression, and convulsions, but these generally occur only in fatal exposures. Vanadium Pentoxide is a powerful vasoconstrictor and can cause renal hypertension. Ingestion: It is not anticipated to be a significant route of overexposure since it is poorly absorbed from the digestive tract. Ingestion of Vanadium Pentoxide can produce gastrointestinal disturbances such as abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It may also affect behavior/central and cause dizziness, headache, drowsiness, and unconsciousness. Chronic Potential Health Effects: Repeated exposures by inhalation are associated with respiratory effects similar to those of acute exposure, except that the intensity increases with further exposures and lower doses. Chronic bronchitis, green tongue, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, rales, chronic productive cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, p. 4 tightness of the chest,and dermatitis have been reported. Onset of respiratory effects can be followed by systemic effects, including pallor, loss of appetite, anemia, nausea, headache, insomnia, nervousness, hypertension, dizziness, kidney damage, liver damage (fatty liver degeneration), tremor, psychological problems(hysteria, and depression), blindess. Chronic exposure is frequently associated with asthma, but it is not clear if it is the causitive agent. Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Not available. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations. Section 14: Transport Information DOT Classification: CLASS 6.1: Poisonous material. Identification: : Vanadium pentoxide UNNA: 2862 PG: III Special Provisions for Transport: Not available. Section 15: Other Regulatory Information Federal and State Regulations: Connecticut hazardous material survey.: Vanadium pentoxide Illinois toxic substances disclosure to employee act: Vanadium pentoxide Illinois chemical safety act: Vanadium pentoxide New York release reporting list: Vanadium pentoxide Rhode Island RTK hazardous substances: Vanadium pentoxide Pennsylvania RTK: Vanadium pentoxide Minnesota: Vanadium pentoxide Massachusetts RTK: Vanadium pentoxide Massachusetts spill list: Vanadium pentoxide New Jersey: Vanadium pentoxide New Jersey spill list: Vanadium pentoxide Louisiana RTK reporting list: Vanadium pentoxide Louisiana spill reporting: Vanadium pentoxide TSCA 8(b) inventory: Vanadium pentoxide SARA 302/304/311/312 extremely hazardous substances: Vanadium pentoxide SARA 313 toxic chemical notification and release reporting: Vanadium pentoxide CERCLA: Hazardous substances.: Vanadium pentoxide: 1000 lbs. (453.6 kg) Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. Other Classifications: WHMIS (Canada): CLASS D-1A: Material causing immediate and serious toxic effects (VERY TOXIC). DSCL (EEC): R26/27/28- Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/38- Irritating to eyes and skin. S26- In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S28- After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. S37/39- Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S45- In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S46- If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. p. 5 HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 3 Fire Hazard: 0 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: E National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 3 Flammability: 0 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles. Section 16: Other Information References: Not available. Other Special Considerations: Not available. Created: 10/11/2005 12:53 PM Last Updated: 05/21/2013 12:00 PM The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information for their particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if ScienceLab.com has been advised of the possibility of such damages. p. 6 ANNEXURE V Details of Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP) CLIENT M/s. DETERGEO CHEM PVT LTD, GUMIDIPOONDI PROPOSAL TECHNICAL OFFER FOR 5 KLD CAPACITY ETP PROPOSAL NO. ABC / PROJ / 037 / 2018 – 19/ R0 DATE 09.10.2018 Submitted by:‐ ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED 9th October 2018 M/s. Detergeo Chem Pvt Ltd Gummidipoondi. Kind Attention: Mr. Dhruv Arora – Director Dr. Manoj Kumar Parashar – Technical Advisor Dear Sir, Greetings for the day! Subject: Technical offer for Design, Supply, Erection & Commissioning of 5 KLD capacity ETP for your new facility at Gummidipoondi– reg This has reference to the discussions you had with our Project Manager Ms. Pavithra regarding your requirement of 5 KLD capacity Effluent Treatment Plant for your new facility at Gummidipoondi. As required by your goodself, please find attached our technical offer for Design, Supply, Erection and Commissioning of 5 KLD capacity ETP. We trust that our offer is in line with your requirement and look forward to receive your valuable order. Please feel free to contact us in case of queries/clarifications. Thanking you and looking forward to have strong and smooth business association with your esteemed organization for a long term, Yours faithfully, For ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited S. Nagarajan DGM – Business Development, Mob. : +91‐95661 07777. E‐mail:[email protected] ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED TECHNICAL OFFER FOR EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT – 5 KLD CAPACITY PROPOSAL SUBMITTED BY ABC Techno Labs India Pvt Ltd th No 400, 13 Street, SIDCO Industrial Estate, Ambattur, Chennai – 600098 Website: www.abctechnolab.com; Email: [email protected] Helpline: 94442 60000 Prepared By Checked By Approved By SP SN SN ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED INDEX CHAPTER NO DESCRIPTION OF THE CHAPTER CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT US CHAPTER – 2 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY CHAPTER – 3 PROCESS DESCRIPTION CHAPTER – 4 SCOPE OF SUPPLY CHAPTER – 5 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CHAPTER – 6 CIVIL WORKS CHAPTER – 7 SCHEDULE OF EXCLUSION CHAPTER – 8 PRICES, COMMERCIAL TERMS & CONDITIONS ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT M/s ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PVT LTD Firstly we would like to introduce ourselves, ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited, is an Environmental, Engineering and Consultancy Organization constantly striving towards newer heights since its inception in 2006, our company is dedicated to provide strategic services in the areas of Environment Infrastructure Energy Engineering Multilab Our Organization is also certified under ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 and member of Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). Our full‐fledged Multilab is accredited by NABL under ISO 17025, Department of Science & Technology by Ministry of MOEF. At ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited, we believe in applying technical expertise with timely service support is the key to meet customer expectations towards their Engineering and Process requirements. We are very keen on emphasizing our social responsibility towards Green Environment in all aspects and are putting our optimum efforts to be in forefront among others by our cost effective product innovations, Water and waste water purification along with recycling technologies which is our prime attitude. ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED An Outlook on our Project Specialization ABC Techno Labs Private Limited has wide expertise and capabilities on providing Total Water Management Solutions right from “concept to commissioning” i.e. basic & detailed engineering, supply, erection, testing, and commissioning including operation & maintenance of Raw water treatment plant Industrial and Process water treatment Effluent treatment plants Effluent recycling systems with zero liquid discharge Sewage treatment plants Drinking water RO Plants Operation and maintenance of complete Water and Wastewater treatment facilities Supply of Water & Wastewater Treatment Chemicals. Our Specialized & Cost Effective Products Water treatment plants Filtration Systems Ultra Filtration (UF) & Reverse Osmosis (RO) plants Demineralization (DM) Plants Softener Systems Desalination plants Process water treatment plants Mineral water treatment plants Cooling Tower Side Stream Filtration Systems Rain Water Harvesting Sewage & Effluent treatment plants using, Membrane Bioreactor Technology (MBR) Fluidized Bed Bioreactor Process (FBBR) Sequence Batch Reactor ( SBR) Submerged Aerobic Fixed Film Process (SAFF) Extended Aeration with Activated Sludge process Recycling systems Ultra Filtration with Reverse Osmosis Membrane Bioreactor Technology with Reverse Osmosis ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Zero Discharge systems, Recycling system with Mechanical evaporator Recycling system with Solar evaporation pond Value Added services Water Management Consultancy Upgrading and modernizing of water treatment facilities Supply of genuine spares for water treatment facilities Annual Maintenance Contracts for process / water treatment facilities Industry segments we served: Commercial and tech park projects Paper & Pulp Food and Beverages industries Housing Apartments Breweries and Distilleries Power Plants Automobile industries Process industries Fertilizer and chemical industries Special applications Hotel and Hospitals Sugar industries Steel and allied industries Textile & Tannery industries Packaged Drinking Water Pharmaceutical industries Kindly visit our website www.abctechnolab.com to know more about our expertise and capabilities. We now request your goodness to register us as preferred vendor for your water and waste water treatment system requirements of any kind. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any clarifications / feedback / suggestions and please note we value your inputs. We, at ABC Techno Labs, are now looking forward to receive your valuable enquiries for your water and waste water treatment systems and solutions requirement. Thanking you and awaiting for your early response. ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED CHAPTER – 2 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY DESIGN CAPACITY Effluent treatment plant: 5 KLD Flow Rate : 1 m3/hr Service Cycle : 5 hrs We have considered the following raw effluent characteristics for our designing: Parameter Unit Cooling tower Floor and Boiler blow blow down equipment washing down Flow rate KLD 1.5 2 1.5 pH ‐ 7.5‐9.5 2 ‐3 6‐7 TSS mg/l 60 ‐70 200‐ 300 30 – 40 BOD mg/l 2 ‐3 3‐ 5 2‐ 5 COD mg/l 180 110 80 Oil & Grease mg/l 5‐8 3‐7 2‐5 TDS mg/l 1500 ‐ 2000 1750‐2000 2000‐2500 Chlorides mg/l 100‐150 60‐70 1500‐1600 Dissolved mg/l 3‐10 2‐3 1‐3 Phosphates Dissolved mg/l 10‐20 200‐600 10‐20 Sulfates Treated Water at the outlet of ACF: Parameter Unit Treated Water Flow rate KLD 5 pH ‐ 6.5 – 9.0 TSS mg/l <10 BOD mg/l <2 COD mg/l <100 Oil & Grease mg/l <5 TDS 2000 Chlorides mg/l <600 Dissolved Sulfates mg/l <500 Dissolved Phosphates mg/l BDL ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Note: The treated water quality is subject to the following conditions. The treated water quality and quantity may vary if the incoming feed effluent analysis varies. The raw effluent quality being not worse than the quality indicated in the offer The plant must be operated and maintained strictly in accordance with our operation and maintenance manual Our scope does not cover reduction of any other parameter except the parameters mentioned above. ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED CHAPTER – 3 PROCESS DESCRIPTION The raw effluent will be received at the inlet of the bar screen to trap any floating particles and debris. A belt type oil skimmer and grease trap will be provided to remove the floating oil and grease. The oil free effluent will be pumped to the flash mixer where lime – dolomite will be added to precipitate the dissolved solids, sulphates and other organic impurities present in the effluent. The effluent from the flash mixer overflows to the settling tank where poly will be added and the impurities are removed as sludge from the bottom of the tank. The sludge will be sent to sludge drying beds. The clear supernatant overflows to the Clarified Water tank where Hypo will be dosed for disinfection. Filter Feed pumps transfer the clarified water to the downstream Pressure Media filter and Activated Carbon filter for removal of suspended solids and any traces of organics. Pressure Sand Filter: The system is provided with Gravels, Pebbles Sand Media Filter. The main purpose of the filter is to remove the Suspended Solids & reduce Turbidity. The Filter is provided with Inlet Distributor, Bottom collector & various Filtration Media like pebbles, gravels, sand to achieve effective filtration. Externally, the filter has Mesh of Valve to assist in various service requirements like Filtration, Backwash & Rinse. Activated Carbon Filter: The system is provided with Activated Carbon Filter. The main purpose of the filter is to remove free Chlorine, balance organics, color etc. The Filter is provided with Inlet Distributor, Bottom Collector & filtration media like fine silex and activated Carbon. Externally, the filter has Mesh of Valve to assist in various service requirements like Filtration, Backwash & Rinse. The treated water is used for floor washing/process applications. ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED CHAPTER – 4 SCOPE OF SUPPLY S. No Description Quantity Scope 1 Bar Screen 1 No. ABC Techno labs 2 Oil Skimmer 1 No. ABC Techno labs 3 Raw effluent Transfer Pump 2 Nos. (1W +1S) ABC Techno labs 4 Agitator for flash mixer 1 No. ABC Techno labs 5 Lime – dolomite dosing system 1 Set. ABC Techno labs 6 Coagulant dosing system 1 Set. ABC Techno labs 7 Flocculent dosing system 1 Set. ABC Techno labs 8 Tube settler media for SST 1 Lot. ABC Techno labs 9 Hypo Chloride dosing system 1 Set. ABC Techno labs 10 Filter Feed Pump 2 Nos. (1W +1S) ABC Techno labs 11 Pressure Sand Filter 1 No. ABC Techno labs 12 Activated Carbon Filter 1 No. ABC Techno labs 13 UV system 1 No. ABC Techno labs 14 MSEP Skid mounted flash mixer, settling 1 No. ABC Techno labs tank , clear water tank and sludge drying bed 15 Interconnecting pipes & Valves 1 Lot. ABC Techno labs 16 Cable trays, cables & Electrical accessories 1 Lot. ABC Techno labs 17 Panel 1 No. ABC Techno labs 18 Instruments 1 Lot. ABC Techno labs 19 Treated water tank in HDPE 1 No. ABC Techno labs 20 Electro Magnetic Flow meter 2 Nos ABC Techno labs ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED CHAPTER– 5 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION I. Mechanical Equipment : Bar Screen 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Spacing 20 mm 3 Capacity 1.0 m3/hr 4 MOC MSEP 4 Make ABC Techno labs Oil Skimmer 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Type Belt type motorized 3 Capacity 10 lph 4 Make Vens/ Equivalent Raw effluent transfer pumps 1 Quantity 2 Nos. (1W + 1S) 2 Capacity 1 m3/hr 3 Head 20 mWC 4 Type Centrifugal , Non‐clog 5 MOC CI 6 Make Kirloskar/Equivalent Flash mixer Agitator 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Capacity 1 m3/hr 5 MOC SS 304 6 Make Anala /Equivalent Settling tank media 1 Quantity 1 lot 2 MOC of media FRP 3 Thickness 1.0mm ( +/‐ 0.1mm ) 4 Size 1000mm long 5 Make Proflex/ Equivalent ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Lime Dolomite Dosing system 1 Quantity 1 No. 2 Capacity of pump 0 – 4 LPH 3 Pressure 3 bar 4 Type Electronic diaphragm 5 Make Edose/ Xeed / Equivalent 6 Dosing tank quantity 1 No 7 Capacity of tank 50 ltrs 8 MOC HDPE 9 Make Sintex / National /Reno/ Equivalent Coagulant Dosing system 1 Quantity 1 No. 2 Capacity of pump 0 – 4 LPH 3 Pressure 3 bar 4 Type Electronic diaphragm 5 Make Edose/ Xeed / Equivalent 6 Dosing tank quantity 1 No 7 Capacity of tank 50 ltrs 8 MOC HDPE 9 Make Sintex / National /Reno/ Equivalent Flocculent dosing system 1 Quantity 1 No. 2 Capacity of pump 0 – 4 LPH 3 Pressure 3 bar 4 Type Electronic diaphragm 5 Make Edose/ Xeed / Equivalent 6 Dosing tank quantity 1 No 7 Capacity of tank 50 ltrs 8 MOC HDPE 9 Make Sintex / National /Reno/ Equivalent Hypo Dosing System 1 Quantity 1 No. 2 Capacity of pump 0 – 4 LPH 3 Pressure 3 bar 4 Type Electronic diaphragm 5 Make Xeed / Equivalent 6 Dosing tank quantity 1 No 7 Capacity of tank 50 ltrs ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED 8 MOC HDPE 9 Make Sintex / National /Reno/ Equivalent Filter Feed pumps 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Capacity 1 m3/hr 3 Head 30 mWC 4 Type Horizontal Centrifugal Monobloc 5 MOC CI 6 Make Kirloskar/CNP/ Equivalent Pressure sand filter 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Type Vertical, Cylindrical 3 Capacity 1 m3/hr 4 Diameter 16” 5 HOS 65” 6 Material of construction FRP 7 Valve Multiport Valve 8 Media Graded sand / Pebbles 9 Make ABC Techno labs Activated Carbon Filter 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Type Vertical, Cylindrical 3 Capacity 1 m3/hr 4 Diameter 16” 5 HOS 65” 6 Material of construction FRP 7 Valve Multiport Valve 8 Media Activated carbon IV 900+ 9 Make ABC Techno labs UV system 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Capacity 1 m3/hr 3 UV Wavelength 256 nm 4 Make Hitech/UV Plasma/ Equivalent Treated Water Tank 1 Quantity 1 No 2 Capacity 2000 Liters 3 MOC HDPE 4 Make Sintex / Equivalent ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED II. Electrical Equipment : Sl. No Equipment Qty 1. One: Non‐Compartmental type switchgear panel, with ammeter 1 No and voltmeter for incomer, and adequately rated starters for all the drives. The Panel will be of fabricated metal sheet externally and internally powder coated for corrosion protection. 2. Cables and other Electrical accessories 1 Lot. 3. Cable trays with accessories 1 Lot. 4. Push buttons / Junction Box 1 Lot. III. Instruments: S. No. Instruments Location 1 Pressure Gauges Discharge of all pumps, Blowers, Filters inlet/outlet etc. 2 Level Switch Equalization tank & Clear Water tank 3 Electro Magnetic Flow 2 No’s – outlet of raw effluent Transfer pump meter(Frehnig make) and after UV ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED ‘ MS PRE ‐FABRICATED FLASH MIXER, SETTLING TANK, CLEAR WATER TANK AND SLUDGE DRYING BED Description Details Nos of offered : 1 No Material of Construction : MS Epoxy Paint Flash mixer : 0.5m x 0.5m x 1.0m LD + 0.5m FB = 1 m3 Settling tank : 1.0m x 1.0m x 3.5m SWD = 3.5m3 Clear water tank : 1.0m x 1.0m x 2.0m LD + 1.5m FB = 2 m3 Sludge Drying Bed 1.0m x 1.0m x 1.5m TH ( 2 Nos) = 1.5m3 Each Shell Thickness : 6mm Bottom plate thickness : 8mm Internal : Two coat of epoxy primer External : One coat of epoxy primer & One Coat of Epoxy Finish CIVIL WORK (CLIENT SCOPE) SL TANK TANK DIMENSIONS QTY LIQUID MOC NO. VOLUME 1. Bar Screen 0.5m x 1.0m x 0.5m LD + 0.3m FB 1 No 0.25m3 RCC 2 Oil Skimmer 0.5m x 0.5m x 1.5m LD + 0.7m FB 1 No 0.375m3 RCC 3 Collection Tank 1.0m x 1.0m x 2.0m LD + 0.7m FB 1 No 2m3 RCC Suitable pedestal for placing the plant ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED CHAPTER – 7 SCHEDULE OF EXCLUSION Our supply will be restricted to the items included in the technical specification. The list of exclusions from our supply is as follows. Mechanical: Piping as per the terminal points. Incineration system /Disposal system for the disposal of concentrated sludge. Boiler and boiler accessories including the pressure reducing station and steam pipe lines. Dry Instrument Air (Compressor). Equipment necessary for machine / equipment positioning, e.g. cranes, forklift trucks, etc. Obtaining permission / license from necessary authorities, Government agencies required. Any other goods or services not otherwise mentioned and necessary for completion of the project Or any other point not specifically mentioned in our scope of supply Civil: All civil works ( Pump Foundations, storage tanks etc, walkway, ladders, Approach Roads, All buildings, foundations and civil engineering works etc) Site clearance and handing over to us Electrical: In coming power cable to the electrical panel and Main earth pit. Site Works: Safekeeping and storage space at site. Testing facility for testing raw and treated water. All statutory approvals Consumables & chemicals during commissioning of the plant. All supplies and services not specifically mentioned as forming part of our offer. Power and water at free of cost during erection and commissioning Yard lighting / storage yard. Supply of personnel safety equipment, emergency lighting and firefighting equipment. Sufficient lighting at the installation site. ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Utilities: Raw water line inside the plant area Utilities such as Electricity, compressed air, wash / process water, etc. BATTERY LIMITS & TERMINATION POINTS: Sl. No Description Distance 1. Effluent Water At the inlet of the Bar Screen 2. Treated Water At the outlet of ACF 3. Individual Equipment drains Respective drains/ trenches 4. Power At the incomer of MCC. 5. Earthing Above ground ( to the nearest riser within the battery limit) 6. Service water Client has to provide at one point in plant area 7. Electricity 415 V, 3 phase current has to be provided by client at one point in plant area. ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED CHAPTER – 8 PRICES, COMMERCIAL TERMS & CONDITIONS Description Details Price for Supply of 5 KLD capacity Effluent Unpriced Treatment Plant as mentioned in the Scope of Supply with Pre‐fabricated MS tanks Our Charges for Erection and Commissioning Unpriced Price Basis Ex – works, Chennai Packing and Forwarding Extra @ 2% Freight Charges Extra at actuals Transit Insurance By client Delivery Within 6 – 8 weeks for electro mechanical items from the date of PO subject to the documents approval from client side Validity 30 DAYS from the date of our Offer. Payment Terms Advance 50% payment of the total order value Supply 40% payment along with Taxes and Duties of the total order value Erection and Commissioning 10% payment of the total order value along with erection and commissioning charges 1. Scope of Work : The scope under this proposal covers supply and supervision of erection and commissioning of Effluent Treatment Plant. Supply / work will be fully and strictly followed by the offer / proposal submitted by us and approved / finalized by the client. Any addition / alteration are accepted provided it is convenient to do so and the prices and delivery period are suitably revised. 2. Contract Commencement Date: The commencement date of contract shall be from the date of receipt of letter of intent / order along with advance payment. ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED NOTE: Any changes in government levies, taxation, etc. shall be borne by your selves. However if there is any reduction in the statutory or taxations, then benefit will be passed on to client. 3. Exclusions from our scope of work and special care of client on : In case of delayed material lifting warehousing charges for storage of material ordered and received by us should be paid by the buyer at actual. Delay in Pollution Control Board/CEIG approvals etc. Interest for delayed Payments. 4. Completion Period: All the jobs, as per scope of work defined under various sections of this proposal shall be delivered duly commissioned within 16 ‐ 20 weeks from the date of LOI / Purchase order / award of contract and subject to the documents approval from the client side. The delivery period indicated above is subject to force majeure conditions stipulated under clause no.5, below and also subject to owner fulfilling his obligations in time as per contract. The above completion period is also subject to the following: The clear site of the work is handed over to us within 7 days from the date of the order. 5. FORCE MAJEURE: If at any time during the continuance of this agreement contractor’s work performance hereunder shall become impeded, under‐minded, impossible on account of force majeure, non‐availability of import license of essential components, non‐availability of railway wagons or others means of transport, loss / delay in transport of materials, emergency declared by government, reasons of war, civil commotion, strikes, lock‐out pestilence, epidemic, sickness, earthquakes, explosions, fire storm flood, restraint of shipping or any form of transport, congestion in port/ dock/ goods yard, detention on railways or any means of transport, non‐ availability of raw materials act of god, acts of any government or statutory authority sabotage, riot, Police action revolution, unforeseen circumstances of other Hindrances beyond the continuance of impediment / adversity / calamity, and until restoration of normalcy not is bound to execute the contract, If at any time during the continuance of this agreement our performance hereunder shall become impossible on account of force majeure or other hindrances beyond our control, we shall, during the continuance of such conditions not be bound to execute the contract, provided always that the work shall resume after force majeure conditions cease to exist. We shall not be ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Responsible nor will we be liable for any liabilities direct or indirect caused by delays under this clause. 6. Warranty Mechanical warranty period shall be for 12 months from the date of mechanical completion or 18 months from the date of dispatch whichever is earlier. 7. Commissioning and Performance Guarantee Once the plant equipment as per the contract has been erected the dry running trials of equipment are done as a joint inspection along with the client. After this inspection the plant will be taken up for commissioning. The word commissioning is described here as allowing in of feed into the plant and, starting up and running of all equipment and operating the plant as normally would be done. During commissioning buyer at his own cost shall provide all lubricants, oil, grease orally other materials that are required for commissioning purpose. Buyer shall also engage personnel’s’ required to operate and run the plant round the clock, as per the instruction of the seller. During this process it is assumed that these personnel’s will get training in the operation of the plant. In case the buyer is not able to provide consistent characteristics of the incoming raw water for a period of one month after commissioning of the plant, due to which seller is not able to demonstrate the plant performance results then it is deemed that the seller has completed all his obligations as per the contract, We would be supplying some material in excess of the approved BOQ in order to save time and ensure timely erection and commissioning, however on completion of the project we are entitled to take back the excess material supplied and a gate pass is to be issued for the same. 8. Care, Control and Custody The plant shall deem to have been taken over by the owner immediately after completion of erection and water trials. After this period the care, control and custody of the plant shall be with the owner. 9. Owners’ Obligations Water and Power shall be provided by owner free of cost at one point within the battery limit. Access/ approach road to construction site shall be provided by the purchaser. One no. Residential quarter shall be allotted free of cost for housing our personnel for the contract period. Space for constructing contractors’ site office stores shall be provided by ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED the owner, free of cost, near the construction site. Laboratory, testing facilities for demonstration of performance guarantee shall be provided by the owner. 10. Offer Validity The offer is valid for 30 days only. 11. Jurisdiction No legal proceedings shall be taken to enforce and claim and no suit arising out of any contract shall be instituted except in a court of competent jurisdiction located within the municipal limits of Chennai and in no other court. ***** ANNEXURE VI Air Modelling Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling Details of Mathematical Modeling Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out by employing a mathematical model. In the present case, Dispersion modelling of approved substances was performed in accordance with the Air Quality Model Guidelines developed by USEPA. These guidelines ensure consistency in the use of dispersion models in air quality assessments. A new generation dispersion model AERMOD recommended by USEPA as a replacement of ISCST3, was selected for this project. Emission rates of substances were used as AERMOD input values to obtain the maximum Ground Level Concentration (GLDC) and two dimensional concentration distribution for each of the modeled substances around the plant. The computations deal with major pollutants like Sulphur dioxide and Suspended Particulate Matter and Oxides of Nitrogen. The AERMOD dispersion model is a steady-state Gaussian plume model that can be used to assess pollutant concentrations and/or deposition fluxes from a wide variety of sources associated with an industrial source complex. The EPA’s Regulatory Model Improvement Committee (AERMIC) developed AERMOD specifically as a replacement for previous generation dispersion model ISCST. AERMOD is intended to use hourly averaged meteorological data sequentially through at least one year, although 5-year meteorological data is desired. AERMOD includes improved treatment of the atmospheric boundary layer and a more complete understanding of diffusion processes. EPA refers to AERMOD as "state-of-the practice". The AERMOD can use measured values of horizontal and vertical turbulence directly in calculating diffusion. This capability is a significant improvement over ISCST model because it replaces the empirically derived Pasquill-Gifford-Turner stability categories (A through F) with direct measurements. This provides a much more accurate approach to diffusion estimation. This capability is not available unless the turbulence parameters are measured. AERMOD includes a new computational method for evaluating the effects of building downwash on stack emissions with the algorithm PRIME. This algorithm is more accurate than the previously used ISCST model. When comparing the results of the old algorithms with PRIME, some situations may see significant decreases in model concentrations, while others may see increases. The AERMOD model was designed to support the U.S. EPA regulatory modelling options, as specified in the EPA Guidelines on Air Quality Models (Revised). This model is considered as a supporting tool for ambient air quality regulations across the world. Model Options used for Computations The options used for short-term computations are: • The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always limited to that of the mixing layer; i Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling • Stack tip down wash is not considered; • Buoyancy induced dispersion is used to describe the increasing plume dispersion during the ascension phase; • Calms processing routine is used by default; • Wind profile exponents are used by default, ‘Irwin’; • Flat terrain is used for computations; • It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformations and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition; • Washout by rain is not considered; and • Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations. Meteorological Input Data to the Model The hourly meteorological data recorded at site is converted to the mean hourly meteorological data as specified by CPCB and the same has been used in the mode. In absence of site specific mixing depths, mixing depths published in “Spatial Distribution of hourly Mixing Depths over Indian Region” by Mr.R.N. Gupta and recommended by CPCB have been used. Model Input Parameters The dispersion modeling options selected for this project included. • Regulatory default; • Concentration output; • Rural area; • Flat terrain; • Simple terrain calculation algorithms; • Single pollutant; • No exponential decay; • The 1 h, 24 h and annual averaging time • Building downwash option; • All wind speed and stability classes; and • 99 percentile values for pollutants of interest. Receptors The model requires user specified receptor locations. Uniform discrete Cartesian receptors were used of spacing 100 m. This uniform grid assures closer spacing of receptors close to sources where concentration gradients are the highest and larger spacing away from the source where concentration gradients are lower. ii Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling Wind Rose Diagram of the Study period iii Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling Source of Modelling The primary pollutants from the stack/point sources are the particulates PM10, SO2 NO2 and CO which are emitted from sources described in below table within the facility. Sources considered for modelling Stack Emission Concentration (g/s) Exit Process Unit Height Diameter Flow Rate Flue Gas Velocity PM SO2 NOx CO (m) (m) (Nm3/hr) Temp(K) (m/s) Sulphonation 0.131 30 0.5 4705 308 7 0.065 0.261 - Plant DG Set 0.014 12 0.15 342 490 9 0.007 - 0.114 500kVA Boiler (850 - 30 0.35 2373 513 12 0.527 0.395 0.198 kg/hr) Modeling Results Modeling results consist of maximum concentrations (in μg/m3) for each of the modeled substances. The concentration Isopleths are shown in Figures – 2 to 5 and the summary of dispersion modeling results for each of the selected substances is given below Maximum Predicted 24 hourly GLC’s Concentration – Predicted GLC μg/m3 Process Unit Distance (KM) PM SO2 NOx CO Sulphonation plant, DG Set 1.72394 2.20267 2.47862 0.86313 0.30 630kw,Boiler (850 kg/hr) Graphical results show concentration Isopleths in μg/m3, location of emission sources, and a topographical map of the area. As shown in Figures 2 to 5 and Table 1.2, the dispersion modeling results confirm that objectives of NAAQS will be met for Particulate Matter (PM), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) emanating from the facility. The contribution of the facility to the regional ambient air quality is within the prescribed limits. Cumulative impact on baseline ambient air quality, after the implementation of the proposed project will be arrived by predicted baseline maximum air quality levels of each pollutant. The resultant ambient air quality after proposed is given in below table. Maximum Baseline Resultant Maximum NAAQS Limits Parameters Concentration Concentration (μg /m3) (μg /m3) (μg /m3) PM 65.4 67.12 100 SO2 11.6 13.8 80 iv Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling NOx 21.4 23.878 80 CO 0.36 1.22 2 Concentrations Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCS OF PM, SO2, NOx and CO Figure 1: Terrain of the Study Area v Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling Figure 2: PM - Period Average vi Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling Figure 3: SO2 - Period Average vii Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling Figure 4: CO - 24 Hour Average viii Proposed Production of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid – Air Modelling Figure 5: NOX - 24 Hour Average ix