History of Timeline Answer Key Name

Date

Directions: Read Reaching for the Heavens: The History of Mountaineering for details to develop a timeline of major moments in the history of mountaineering.

When: Who? What? Where?

The first ascent of 1492 Antonine de Ville France Mont Aiguille

Visited Chamonix and Horace Bénédict de offered a reward to 1760 France Saussure the first to summit Mt. Blanc

Michel-Gabriel First to summit Mt. 1786 Paccard, and France Blanc Jacques Balmat

Horace Bénédict de De Saussure summited 1787 France Saussure Mt. Blanc

Attributed mountain sickness to low oxygen Alexander von 1802 at high altitudes after Ecuador Humbolt almost summiting Chimborazo

First female to summit 1808 Marie Paradis France Mt. Blanc

Antoni Malczewski, First ascent of Aiguille 1818 J.M. Balmat, and five France du Midi guides

NATGEOED.ORG 1

First summit of Pikes 1820 Dr. Edwin James Colorado, U.S.A. Peak

First ascent of the 1854 Alfred Willis Wetterhorn

John Ball, E.S. Founded Alpine Club 1857 , Kennedy, and others of Great Britain Golden Age

Charles Edward First summit of the 1865 Switzerland and Italy Whymper

First female ascent of 1871 Lucy Walker Switzerland and Italy the Matterhorn

First to climb 1875 George Anderson , U.S.A. Yosemite’s Half Dome

First summit of 1897 Matthias Zurbriggen

Founding President: Ladies’ Alpine Club 1907 Great Britain Mrs. Aubrey le Blond Founded

Invention of 10-point 1908 crampon

NATGEOED.ORG 2

Hudson Stuck, Robert First summit of 1913 Tatum, , , U.S.A. (Mt. McKinley) and

Reached 8,306 meters Federal Democratic (27,250 feet) on an George Finch and Republic of / 1922 Everest expedition Geffrey Bruce People’s Republic of pioneering the use of bottled oxygen Federal Democratic and Republic of Nepal / 1924 (Student Choice) Andrew Irvine People’s Republic of China

Federal Democratic Sherpa Tenzing First official summit of Republic of Nepal / 1953 Norgay and Edmund Mt. Everest People’s Republic of Hillary China

Ladies’ Alpine Club 1975 N/A and Alpine Club of Great Britain Great Britain merged

Federal Democratic First female to summit Republic of Nepal / 1975 Junko Tabei Everest People’s Republic of China

First to reach the summit of all of the 1986 Patrick Morrow All seven continents , including Kosciuszki

First woman to 1992 Junko Tabei conquer the Seven All seven continents Summits

Conrad Anker and the Khumbu Federal Democratic 2003 Charitable center opened Republic of Nepal Foundation

NATGEOED.ORG 3

Diving Deeper: Support your reasoning for labeling 1922 as you have by providing three reasons for your decision.

1.

2.

3.

NATGEOED.ORG 4