Jordan Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟا درﻷا ﻧ ﯾ ﺔ ﺔﯾﻣﺷﺎﮭﻟا
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Jordan Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟا درﻷا ﻧ ﯾ ﺔ ﺔﯾﻣﺷﺎﮭﻟا Motto: “God, Country, King” Capital & Largest City – Amman Official Language – Arabic Ethnic groups – 98% Arab, 1% Circassian, Chechens, 1% Armenian Religion – 95% Islam, 4% Christianity, 1% Druze, Bahá'í Government – Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy Legislature – Parliament Independence from the United Kingdom – 11 April 1921 Area 89, 342 km2 Population – 10, 407, 793 (86th) Palestine National Authority Palestine National Authority ﺔطﻠﺳﻟا ﺔﯾﻧﯾطﺳﻠﻔﻟا Capital & Largest City – Gaza Official Language – Arabic Religion – 95% Islam, 4% Christianity, 1% Druze, Bahá'í Type – Provisional Self-government body Government – Semi-Presidential with a President and Prime Minister Legislature – Legislative Council Autonomy from Israeli Administration – 13 September 1993 Currency – Egyptian Pound, Israeli new Shekel, and Jordanian Dinar Population – 5.052 million Syria Syrian Arab Republic ﺔﯾروﮭﻣﺟﻟا ﺔﯾﺑرﻌﻟا ﺔﯾروﺳﻟا ﺔﯾﺑرﻌﻟا ﺔﯾروﮭﻣﺟﻟا Capital & Largest City – Damascus Official Language – Arabic Ethnic groups – Syrian Arabs, Arameans, Kurds, Turkomans, Assyrians, Circassians, Armenians, Greeks Religion – 87% Islam, 10% Christianity, 3% Druzism Government – Unitary dominant- party semi-presidential Ba’athist Republic Legislature – People’s Council Establishment – Arab Kingdom of Syria – 8 March 1920 State of Syria under French mandate – 1 December 1924 Area 185, 180 km2 Population – 17, 007, 135 (67th) Currency – Syrian Pound Labanese Republic Lebanon ﺔﯾروﮭﻣﺟﻟ ا ﻟ ﻠ ﺑ ﻧ ﺎ ﻧ ﺔﯾﻧﺎﻧﺑﻠﻟاﺔرﮭﺟ Capital & Largest City – Beirut Official Language – Arabic Local vernacular – Lebanese Arabic Religion – 61.1% Muslim,33.7% Christianity, 5.2% Druze Government – Unitary confessionalist parliamentary republic Legislature – Parliament Establishment – Great Lebanon – 1 September 1920 Constitution – 23 May 1926 Area 10, 452 km2 Population – 6, 859, 408 (112th) Currency – Lebanese Pound Morocco Kingdom of Morocco ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟا ﺔﯾﺑرﻐﻣﻟا ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟا Motto: “God, Homeland, King” Capital – Rabat Largest City – Casablanca Official Languages – Arabic, Berber Foreign Languages – French, English, Spanish Ethnic groups – 99% Arab-Berber Religion – Sunni Islam Government – Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy Legislature – Parliament Establishment – Idrisid Dynasty – 788 Area 710, 850 km2 Population – 35, 581, 294 (86th) Islamic Republic of Mauritania Mauritania ﺔﯾروﮭﻣﺟﻟا ﯾﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔ ﺔﯾﻧﺎﺗﯾروﻣﻟا Motto: “Honor, Fraternity, Justice” Capital & Largest City – Nouakchott Official Language – Arabic, Pulaar, Soninke, Wolof, Malinke, French Ethnic groups – 40% Haratin, 30% Arab-Berber, 30% Halpulaar, Fulani, Mande, & Wolof Religion – Islam Government – Unitary Semi- presidential Islamic republic Legislature – National Assembly Independence from France – 28 November 1960 Area 1, 030, 000 km2 Population – 4, 403, 313 Currency – Ouguiya Algeria People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria ﺔﯾروﮭﻣﺟﻟا ﺔﯾرﺋازﺟﻟا ﺔﯾطارﻘﻣﯾدﻟا ﺔﯾﺑﻌﺷﻟا ﺔﯾطارﻘﻣﯾدﻟا ﺔﯾرﺋازﺟﻟا ﺔﯾروﮭﻣﺟﻟا Motto: “By the people and for the people” Capital & Largest City – Algiers Official Language – Arabic, Berber, French Ethnic groups – 99% Arab-Berber Religion – 99% Islam Government – Unitary semi- presidential constitutional republic Legislature – Parliament Formation – Al Jazair – 1515 Area 2, 381, 741 km2 Population – 43, 000, 000 (32nd) Currency – Dinar Republic of Tunisia Tunisia ﺔﯾروﮭﻣﺟﻟا ﺔﯾﺳﻧوﺗﻟا Motto: “Freedom, Dignity, Justice, and order” Capital & Largest City – Tunis Official Language – Arabic Ethnic groups – 98% Arab-Berber, 1% European, 1% Jewish Religion – Islam Government – Unitary semi- presidential republic Legislature – Assembly of the Representatives of the People Formation Husainid Dynasty – 15 July 1705 Area 163, 610 km2 Population – 11, 722, 038 (78th) Libya State of Libya ود ﻟ ﺔ ﺎﯾﺑﯾﻟ Capital & Largest City – Tripoli Official Language – Arabic Spoken Languages – Italian, Teda Ethnic groups – 97% Arab-Berber, 3% Others Religion – Islam Government – Unitary provisional government Legislature – House of Representatives Independence from Italy – 10 February 1947 Area 1, 759, 541 km2 Population – 6, 653, 210 (108th) Republic of the Sudan Sudan ﻣﺟ روﮭ ﯾ ﺔ نادوﺳﻟا Motto: “Victory is ours” Capital – Khartoum Largest City – Omdurman Official Language – Arabic, English Religion – 97% Islam, 2% Christianity, 1% Other Government – Federal parliamentary republic under a provisional government Legislature – Transitional Legislative Council Formation – Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Colonization 1899 Area 1, 886, 068 km2 Population – 41, 592, 539 (86th) Somalia Federal Republic of Somalia ﻣﺟ روﮭ ﯾ ﺔ لﺎﻣوﺻﻟا ﺎﺣﺗﻻا د ﯾ ﺔ ﺣﻻ Capital & Largest City – Mogadishu Official Language – Somali, Arabic Foreign language – English, Italian Religion – Islam Government – Federal Parliamentary Republic Legislature – Federal Parliament Foramtion Land of Punt – 2500 BCE Proto-Somali – 1200 BCE Area 637, 657 km2 Population – 11, 031, 386 (76th) Currency – Somali Shilling Arab Republic of Egypt Egypt روﮭﻣﺟ ﯾ ﺔ رﺻﻣ ﺔﯾﺑرﻌﻟا Capital & Largest City – Cairo Official Language – Arabic Religion – Islam, Christianity, Judaism Government – Unitary semi- presidential republic Legislature – House of Representatives Establishment – Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt c. 3150 BC Independence from United Kingdom – 28 Feb 1922 Area 1, 010, 480 km2 Population – 100, 075, 480 (13th) Currency – Egyptian Pound Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ٱ ْﻟ َﻣ ْﻣﻠَ َﻛﺔ ٱ ْﻟﻌَ َر ِﺑﯾﱠﺔ ٱﻟ ﱠﺳﻌُ ْو ِدﯾﱠﺔ Capital & Largest City – Riyadh Official Language – Arabic Religion – Sunni Islam (Wahhabism) Government – Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy Legislature – None Establishment Kingdom founded 23 September 1932 Area 2, 149, 690 km2 Population – 34, 218, 169 (40th) Curency – Saudi Riyal Republic of Yemen Yemen اَ ْﻟ ُﺟ ْﻣ ُﮭو ِرﯾﱠﺔُ ٱ ْﻟﯾَ َﻣ ِﻧﯾﱠﺔُ Motto: “God, Country, Revolution, Unity” Capital & Largest City – Sana’a Official Language – Arabic Ethnic groups – 92.8% Arab, 3.7% Somalis, 1.1% Afro-Arab, 1% Indo- Pakistani, 1.4% Other Religion – Islam Government – Unitary Presidential Constitutional republic Legislature – Parliament Establishment: North Yemen 30 October 1918 Area 527, 968 km2 Population – 28, 498, 683 (48th) Oman Sultanate of Oman ﺳﻠطﻧﺔ ﻋُﻣﺎن Capital & Largest City – Muscat Official Language – Arabic Religion – Islam (Ibadi) Government – Unitary parliamentary absolute monarchy Legislature – Parliament Establishment The Azd tribe migration – 130 Al-Julanda - 629 Area 309, 500 km2 Population – 4, 829, 473 (125th) Currency - Rial Qatar State of Qatar ود ﻟ ﺔ رطﻗ Capital & Largest City – Doha Official Language – Arabic Common language - English Ethnic groups – 11.6% Qatari, 88.4% non-Qatari Religion – Islam Government – Hereditary monarchy Legislature – Consultative Assembly Establishment – Qatar National Day – 18 December 1878 Area 11, 581 km2 Population – 2, 641, 669 140th) Currency – Riyal Bahrain Kingdom of Bahrain ﻣﻣ ﻠ ﺔﻛ نﯾرﺣﺑﻟا Capital & Largest City – Manama Official Language – Arabic, English Ethnic groups – 50.7% Arab, (46% Bahraini people, 4.7% Other Arabs), 45.5% Asian, 1% European Religion – Islam Government – Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy Legislature – National Assembly Independence from the United Kingdom – 14 August 1971 Area 780 km2 Population – 1, 569, 446 (149th) State of Kuwait Kuwait ود ﻟ ﺔ تﯾوﻛﻟا Capital & Largest City – Kuwait City Official Language – Arabic Ethnic groups –40.4% Asian, 30.4% Kuwaiti, 27.3% Other Arabs, 1% African, .4% European, .5% Other Religion – 74.4% Islam (Official), 18.2% Christianity, 7.5% Other Government – Unitary constitutional monarchy Legislature – National Assembly Independence from the Emirate of Al Hasa – 1752 Area 17, 818 km2 Population – 4, 621, 638 (128th) Comoros Komori Islands رزﺟ رﻣﻘﻟا Capital & Largest City – Moroni Official Language – French, Arabic M, Moheli, Anjouan, Mayotteajor Islands – Grande Comore Religion – 95% Islam, 4% Christianity, 1% Druze, Bahá'í Government – President – Azali Assoumani Independence from the United Kingdom – 11 April 1921 Area 2, 034 km2 Highest elevation – 2, 361 m Population – 1, 008, 246 (86th) Republic of Iraq Iraq ﻣﺟ روﮭ ﯾ ﺔ قارﻌﻟا Motto: “God is the Greatest” Capital & Largest City – Baghdad Official Language – Arabic – Kirdish, Mandaic, Shabaki, Persian Other languages – Turkish, Assyrian, Armenian Religion – 98% Islam (Inc Shia and Sunni), 1% Christianity Government – Federal parliamentary constitutional republic Legislature – Council of Representatives Independence from the United Kingdom – 3 October 1932 Area 437, 072 km2 Population – 38, 433, 600 (36th) Republic of Djibouti Djibouti ﻣﺟ روﮭ ﯾ ﺔ ﯾﺟ ﻲﺗوﺑﯾ Motto: “Unity, Equality, Peace” Capital & Largest City – Djibouti Official Language – French, Arabic, Somali, Afar Ethnic groups – 60% Somalis, 35% Afar, 5% Other Arab Religion – Sunni Islam Government – Unitary dominant- party presidential republic authoritarian dictatorship Legislature – National Assembly Independence from France 27 June 1977 Area 23, 200 km2 Population – 884, 017 (168th) United Arab Emirates United تارﺎﻣﻹا ا ﺑرﻌﻟ ﺔﯾ ا ةدﺣﺗﻣﻟ ﯾﺑﻌ اﺎﻹ Arab Emirates Capital – Abu Dhabi Largest City – Dubai Official Language – Arabic Ethnic groups – 11.6% Emirati, 59.4% South Asian, 10.2% Egyptian, 6% Filipino, 12.8% Others Religion – Islam Government – Federal elective constitutional monarchy Legislature – Federal National Council Independence from the United Kingdom and the Trucial States – 1708, 1727, 1761 Area 83, 600 km2 Population – 9, 599, 353 (92nd) .