INDEX OF AUTHORS

Amery, A., 347 iT, 837 fT Hervy, M. P., 347 fT Anderson, Gunnar H., Jr., 492 fT Houck, Peter c., 132 fT Hunt, James c., 508 fT Bartter, Frederic c., 264 fT Beierwaltes, William H., 132 fT Januszewicz, Wodzimierz, 547 fT Bianchi, Giuseppe, 249 fT Johnson, James Gibb, 507 fT Birkenhiiger, W. H., 290 fT Julius, Stevo, 217 fT Black, Henry R., 692 fT Biihler, Fritz R., 164 fT Kannel, William B., 451 fT Bulpitt, C. 1., 929 fT Kaplan, Norman M., 887 fT Kincaid-Smith, Priscilla, 464 fT Cecile, 1. P., 657 fT Kreger, Bernard E., 451 fT Chodakowska, Jolanta, 547 fT Cogan, David G., 405 fT Coleman, Thomas G., 3 fT Lang, Rudolf E., 18 fT Corvol, Pierre, 949 fT Langford, Herbert G., 586 fT, 591 fT Ledingham, John M., 206 fT De Fremont, J. F., 657 fT Lee, James B., 71 fT Degoulet, Patrice, 949 fT Lieberman, Ellin, 338 fT De Leeuw, P. W., 290 fT Lijnen, P., 347 fT, 837 fT De Swiet, Michael, 326 fT Lund-Johansen, Per, 377 fT Distler, A., 57 fT Donnan, GeofTrey A., 388 fT Makdassi, R., 657 fT Doyle, Austin E., 388 fT Manger, William M., 566 fT Dusing, Rainer, 71 fT Mancia, Giuseppe, 34 fT Maxwell, Morton H., 526 fT Eliahou, H. E., 277 fT Menard, Joel, 949 fT Messerli, Franz H., 708 fT Fagard, R., 374 fT, 837 fT Meyer, Philippe, 154 fT Fayers, Peter, 326 fT Murphy, William R., 3 fT Fitzgerald, Desmond, 629 fT Floras, John S., 104 fT Nainby-Luxmoore, J. c., 591 fT Folkow, Bjorn U.G., 231 fT Forette, F., 347fT Oates, Helen F., 828, 834 fT Fournier, A., 657 fT O'Brien, Eoin, 629 fT Frohlich, Edward D., 708 fT O'Malley, Kevin, 629 fT Overlack, Axel, 86 fT Gaignault, J. c., 783 fT Ganten, Detlev, 18 fT GifTord, Ray W., 566 fT Parker, Frederick B., Jr., 492 fT Goldman, Lee, 916 fT Plouin, Pierre-Franr;ois, 949 fT Grumbach, 1., 657 fT Prichard, B.N.C., 801 fT

Haber, Edgar, 304 fT Rascher, Wolfgang, 18 fT Hallbiick-Nordlander, Margareta, 231 fT Remond, A., 657 fT Hansson, Lennart, 743 fT Reid, John L., 814fT Henry, 1. F., 347 fT Romero, 1. Carlos, 132 fT 968

Safar, Michel E., 365 ff Tarazi, R. C., 420 ff Sambhi, Mohinder P., 648 ff Taylor, S. H., 755 ff Sannerstedt, Rune, 901 ff Tonnelier, M. 657 ff Shinebourne, Elliot Anthony, 326 ff Simpson, F. Olaf, 873 ff Unger, Thomas, 18 ff Sleight, Peter, 104 ff Villarreal, Herman, 437 ff Smith, Thomas I., 3 ff Staessen, J., 347 if, 837 ff Weir, R.J., 612ff Stanek, Karen A., 3 ff Weiss, Yves A., 365 ff Stokes, Gordon S., 828 ff, 834 ff Strasser, Toma, 479 ff Worcel, M. 783 ff Streeten, David H. P., 492 ff Yamori, Yukio, 118ff Stumpe, Klaus 0., 86 ff Symonds, E. Malcolm, 596 ff Zanchetti, Alberto, 34 ff DRUG INDEX

A. DIURETICS Aldactazine Searle spironolactone + altizide Aldactone A Searle spironolactone Aprinox Boots bendroflumethiazide Aquamox Lederle quinethazone Baycaron Bayer mefruside Brinaldix Sandoz clopamide Burinan Leo bumetamide Chlotride M.S.D. chlorothiazide Dichlotride M.S.D. hydrochlorothiazide Dichlotride K M.S.D. hydrochlorothiazide-KCI Dichlotride K M.S.D. hydrochlorothiazide reserpine-KCI reserpine Dichlotride M.S.D. hydrochlorothiazide reserpine reserpine Disamide Glaxo acetazolamide Diuril M.S.D. chlorothiazide Dytac R.I.T. triamterene Dyta-urese R.I.T. triamterene epitizide Dytenzide R.I.T. triamterene + hydrochlorothiazide Edecrin M.S.D. ethacrynezuur Enduron Abbott methylchlorothiazide Enduronyl Abbott methylchlorothiazide deserpidine Esidrex Ciba hydrochlorothiazide Esidrex K Ciba hydrochlorothiazide-KCI Fluden Servier indapamide Fluitran Schering trichloromethiazide Fluitran KR Schering trichloromethiazide reserpine-KCI Flurese R.I.T. epitizide Fovane Pfizer benzithiazide Haflutan Curta clofenamide Hygroton Geigy chlorthalidone Hygroton-reserpine Geigy chlorthalidone reserpine Infratan Mead ethiazide Johnson reserpine meprobamate 970

Lasix Hoechst furosemide 2ml amp. Lasix reserpine Hoechst furosemide reserpine Midamor M.S.D. amiloride Moduretic M.S.D. amiloride + hydrochlorothiazide Natrilin indapamide Navidrex Ciba cyclopenthiazide Niagar Simes hydrochlorothiazide Pluryl Leo bendroflumethiazide 5 ml vial Pluryl Forte Leo bendroflumethiazide Pluryl K Leo bendroflumethiazide-KCI Pluryl R+K Leo bendroflumethiazide reserpine-KCI Renese pfizer polythiazide amp. 2 Renese R Pfizer polythiazide reserpine Rontyl Leo hydroflumethiazide Rontyl K Leo hydroflumethiazide-KCl Serpasil Esidrex Ciba hydrochlorothiazide reserpine Serpasil Ciba hydrochlorothiazide Esidrex K reserpine-KCl Soldactone Searle kalium-canrenoate Tensionorme Leo bendroflumethiazide reserpine Zaroxolyn metolazone

B. RAUWOLFIA-DERIVATIVES Adelphan Ciba reserpine + dihydralazine Anaprel Servier trimethoxycinnamoyl methylreserpate Anaprel500 Servier rescinnamine Brinerdine Sandoz dihydro-ergocristine reserpine Decaserpyl Roussel methoserpidine Gendon Organon Rauwolfia-alkaloids Harmonyl Abbott deserpidine Iso-Triraupine Boehringer rescinnamine raubasine reserpine KCl thiabutazide Lentoserpine Italseber reserpine Paratensol Latema dimethylamino ethyl- - reserpilinate diHCl Preserpine Ibsa Rauwolfia-alkaloids vit P factors 971

Raudosal Codipha Rauwolfia vomitoria rescinnamine raubasine Raupina Boehringer Rauwolfia-alkaloids reserpine Rausedine Janssen Rauwolfia-alkaloids Rauwolfia Delagrange Rauwolfia-alkaloids Rauwopuur Pharma-chemie reserpine HCl rescinnamine raupine ajmaline yohimbine Redouline Roter reserpiline Rescinnamine Nogepha rescinnamine Reserpine Janssen reserpine Reserpinum compo Daltafarm reserpine dihydralazine Serpasil Ciba reserpine Supressan S.M.B. reserpiline rescinnamine Tensimic Roussel Triraupin Boehringer rescinnamine raubasine theofylline Wolfaserpol Rauwolfia-alkaloids

C. M.A.O. INHIBITORS Eudatine Abbott pargyline HCl Eutron Abbott pargyline HCl methylclothiazide

D. ALPHAMETHYLDOPA Aldomet M.S.D. L. alpha methyldopa Hydromet M.S.D. L. alphamethyldopa hydrochlorothiazide Hyperpax Organon L. alphamethyldopa Mulfasin Ercopharm L. alphamethyldopa Presinol Bayer L. alphamethyldopa + ester Sali presinol Bayer L. alphamethyldopa benzthiazide Sembrina Boehringer L. alphamethyldopa

E. CLONIDINE Catapress Boehringer clonidine Ingelheim USA Ltd. Catapressan Boehringer clonidine Ingelheim 972

F. GANGLION BLOCKERS Ansolysen May-Baker pentolinium pentapyrrolidinium Arfonad Roche trimetaphan Ecolid Ciba chlorisondamine Lytensene Wyeth pentapyrrolidinium Mevasine M.S.D. mecamylamine Pendine Inpharrna pentoloniumbitartraat Penthonium Delagrange penthonium Pentilium pentolinium Bitartras Nogepha Tensilest Pharma-chemie pentoloniumder Tenorrnae I.C.!. pempidinetartraat Inversine M.S.D. mecamylamine dydiochloride Vegolysen May-Baker hexanethonium Wyamine Wyeth methylfenylbuthylamine

G. GUANIDINE-DERIVATIVES Darenthin Burroughs-Wellcome bretyliumtosylate Declinax Roche debrisoquine Envacar Pfizer guanoxansulphate Envarese Pfizer guanoxan + polythiazide Esbatal Wellcome betanidinesulphate Ismeline Ciba guanethidinesulphate Ismeline Ciba guanethidine Navidrex cyclopenthiazide Leron Bayer guanaclinesulphate Vatensol Pfizer guanoclor Visutensil Italsaber guanethidine

H. BETA-ADRENOCEPTOR BLOCKERS Aptin Astra alprenolol Aptin duretter Astra alprenolol Beloc metoprolol Betadrenol Byk bupranolol Betaloc metoprolol Blacadren M.S.D. timolol Doberol toliprolol Gubemal Geigy alprenolol Nideral I.e. I. propranolol Nideral Retard I.e. I. propranolol Seloken . Astra metoprolol Seloken duretter Astra metoprolol Lopresar Geigy metoprolol Slow Lopresor Geigy metoprolol Sotalex sotalol Stresson bunitrolol Temserin timolol Tenormin I.e. I. atenolol 973

Trasicor Ciba oxprenolol Slow Trasicor Ciba Visken Sandoz pindolol

I. ALPHA-ADRENOCEPTOR BLOCKERS Dibenzyline S.KF. phenoxybenzamine Regitine Ciba phentolamine Priscol Ciba tolazoline Minipres Pfizer prazosin

J. ALPHA- AND BETA-ADRENOCEPTOR BLOCKERS Trandate Glaxo labetalol

K. VASODILATORS Adelphan Ciba dihydralazine reserpine Adelphan Ciba dihydralazine Esidrex reserpine hydrochlorothiazide Adelphan Ciba dihydralazine Esidrex reserpine hydrodichlorothiazide KCl Apresoline Ciba hydralazinechloride Ipharon Curta dihydrazineftalazine- -theofillinaat Rauwolfia-alkaloids Ipharon compr. Curta ipharon chlorbenzoldisulfonamide Nepresol Ciba dihydralazine Hyperstat ScheringiEssen diazoxide Nipide sodium nitroprusside Loniten Upjohn minoxidil

L. ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITOR Capoten Squibb Captopril

M. ANGIOTENSIN ANALOGUES Saressin N orwich-Eaton saralasine

N. CALCIUM ANTAGONISTS Isoptin Knoll verapamil Adalat Bayer nifedipine SUBJECT INDEX

A I, see Angiotensin I ft-Adrenergic receptor blocking drugs, see A II, see Angiotensin II also Absenteism, 938 Specific ft-adrenergic blocking drugs, 743 ACTH, see Adrenocorticotrophic hormone cardioprotective effect of, 749 Acetylcholine, 23 in elderly, 360 Acute glomerulonephritis, 903 in pregnancy, 604 Acute hypertensive encephalopathy, 400, 902 predictability of response, 745 Adrenal time course of action, 645, 746 adenomas, 547 a-Adrenoceptor antagonists arteriography, 680 ancilliary activities, 778 computed axial tomography, 683 effect of baro-receptor control, 774 hyperplasia Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), 20 congenital, 563 Adrenoceptors, 26, 164 Cushing's syndrome, 555 Afterload, 421 diffuse cortical, 547 Age factor medulla, 60 and renin, 172, 189 phlebography, 682 in arterial pressure rise, 347 scintigraphy, 685 in increased systolic pressure, 347 venography, 687 in plasma renin activity, 355 Adrenaline, see also Catecholamines, 23, 57, Alarm reaction, 22 168 Alcalosis, 549 plasma, 65 metabolic, diuretics, 719 secretion, 62 Alcohol, 878 urinary, 62 Aldomet, see Methyldopa, Adrenergic neuronal blocking drugs, 828 Aldosterone, see also Primary Aldosteronism a-Adrenergic receptors effects of prostaglandins, 149 distribution of, 769 levels with diuretics, 714 effects of antihypertensive agents on, 775 levels with estrogen intake, 618 hemodynamic effect of, 770 Aldosteronism physiology of, 765 primary, see Primary Aldosteronism selectivity, 296 secondary, 498 a-Adrenergic receptor blocking agents, see Alpha-methyldopa, see Methyldopa also Amygdaloid nucleus, 20 Specific a-adrenergic blocking agents, 755 Anemia a- and ft-Adrenergic receptor blocking agents, microangiopathic hemolytic 474,909 in malignant hypertension, 469 ft-Adrenergic receptors, 743 Anephric state, see also Nephrectomy effect of antihypertensive agents on, 744 Anesthesia, 916 role in renin release, 749 induction of, 919 sensitivity, 298, 369 maintenance of, 920

Amery, A. (ed.) Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology and Treatment © 1982, Martinus NijhofJ Publishers. The Hague / Boston / London ISBN-I3: 978-94-009-7478-4 975

Angina pectoris, 455 Antihypertensive drugs, see also Specific anti• Angiography hypertensive drugs, 905 digital substraction, 675 adrenergic neuronal blocking drugs, 828 radiological, 660 adrenergic receptor blocking drugs, 755 Angiotensin, see also Angiotensin I, Angioten• p-adrenergic receptor blocking agents, 743 sin II, Renin anesthesia in patients receiving, 924 actions of, 304 atropine, 370 competitive inhibitors of, 310 bethanidine, 830 effects of diuretics, 714 calcium antagonists, 794 effects of oral contraceptives, 617 captopril, 474, 843 effects on sympathetic activity, 299 clonidine, 814, 908, 925 generation, 146 combinations sensitivity to, 369 captopril and diuretics, 855 stimulation by prostaglandin, 149, 442 captopril and propranolol, 855 vascular lesions, 443 diuretic~ and adrenergic blockers or va• vasoconstrictor, 13 sodilators, 474, 749 Angiotensin II Analogues, see also Saralasin propranolol and a diuretic, 474 clinical use thiazide and a-methyldopa, 474 screening for angiotensin II dependent compliance with, 949 hypertension, 842 debrisoquine, 828 treatment of hypertension, 842 diazoxide, 473, 789, 911 development and pharmacology, 838 furosemide, 913 hemodynamic effects, 839 goals of therapy, 896 in hypertensive man guanabenz, 824 sodium replete, 840 guanadrel, 830 sodium depleted, 841 guanethidine, 830 in normotensive man, 839 guanfacine, 824 sodium replete, 839 hydralazine, 783, 910 sodium depleted, 839 indoramin, 776 hormonal effects, 841 indapamide, 796 Angiotensin antagonists, 498, 618 in elderly, 356 in the diagnosis of renovascular hyperten• influence on stroke, 389 sion, 534 in pregnancy, 604 Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, in therapy of eclampsia, 602 309, 474, 843 labetalol, 473, 910 clinical usefulness, 854 methyldopa, 474, 801, 908, 938 hemodynamic effects, 844 minoxidil, 473, 786 in hypertensive subjects at rest, 845 nifedipine, 795 in hypertensive subjects during exercise, nitroprusside, 792, 912 847 patient compliance, 950 in normotensive subjects at rest and dur• prazosin, 772, 775 ing exercise, 844 propranolol, 938 mechanism of hypotensive action, 850 reserpine, 906, 938 pharmakinetics, 843 side effects, 957 Angiotensin I (A I), see also Angiotensin, Re• tiamedine, 824 nin, 466 Aorta Angiotensin II (A II), see also Angiotensin, dissecting aneurysms of, 904 Renin Aortic impedance, 422 central, 28 Apresoline, see Hydralazine levels, 466 Arachidonic acid, 74 Antidiuretic hormone, 145, 448 Area postrema, 21 976

Arousal, 22 Baclofen, 30 Arterial blood pressure Balance between IX- and ft-mediated phenom• afterload and, 421 ena, 173 age and, 347 Baroreflexes, 34 contraceptive agents, 612 Baroreceptors control of, 135 in arterial pressure control, 135 diurnal variations, 109, 758 in hypertension, 298 home recording, 105, 642 reflex, 3, 20, 36 in childhood, 332, 338 Basal ganglia, 27 indirect vs. direct, 106, 107, 641 Benefits of therapy, 887 in first years of life, 326 Bethanidine, 830 in infancy, 329 Biofeedback therapy intraoperative, 917 of hypertension, 700 lability of, 104, 367, 458, 641 Blood brain barrier, 29 measurement of Blood coagulation in children, 327, 643 in eclampsia, 600 morbidity, 451 Blood pressure, see Arterial blood pressure mortality, 451 Blood viscosity, 377 salt intake and, 878 Blood volume, circulating, 143, 180, 367, sex and, 329, 347 383 variability and, 348 Body mass, 339 wakefulness and, 330 Borderline hypertension, 105, 221, 291, 365, weight and, 329, 348 378 Arteriography Bradykinin, 30 adrenal, see Adrenal Brain disease, hypertensive, 388 renal Brain nuclei, 19 intravenous, 527, 673 Brain pep tides, 28 technique, 669 Brookhaven hypertension sensitive rats Arteriolar resistance, 164 (HSR),236 Arterioles, 384 British Medical Research Council's Mild Hy• structural changes, 384 pertension Trial, 893 Arteriolipidosis-prone rats (ALR), 118 Arteriolonecrosis, 446 Calcium Arteriosclerosis, 119, 444 antagonists, 794 Arteriosonde, 107 effect of antihypertensive therapy on, 592 Artificial ventilation, 921 effect of diuretics, 720 Atropine homeostasis of, 592 in borderline hypertension, 370 Capacitance vessels, 383 Auscultation, 633 Capsular (brain) infarction, 394 Australian Therapeutic Trial in Mild Hyper• Captopril, 474 tension, 356 first dose effect, 858 Autonomic control, 221 in congestive heart failure, 320 Autonomic nervous system, see a/so Sympa• in hypertension, 319, 845, 847, 854 thetic nervous system mechanism of action, 850 Autonomic blockade, total pharmakinetics, 843 in borderline hypertension, 370 haematological and immunological side-ef• Autoradiography, anterograde, 19 fects, 859 Autoregulation, 372 other adverse effects, 861 in essential hypertension, 379 renal side-effects, 860 Autoregulatory vasoconstriction, 14 Carbohydrate intolerance, 281 977

tolerance, 652 essential hypertension Cardiac hypertrophy therapy, 338 reversal of, 432 Chlorisondamine, 835 Cardiac filling pressure, 244 Classification of hypertension, 479, 488 Cardiac function, 296, 367 Clonidine (Catapres), 473, 814, 908 Cardiac output, see Hemodynamics for hypertension in elderly, 360 Cardiac structural changes, 242 hemodynamic effects of, 814 Cardiopulmonary-renal reflex pathways, 145 metabolism, 818 Cardiovascular pharmacokinetics, 817 hyperreactivity, 219 present role of, 820 mortality, 451 Coagulation regulatory mechanisms, 167 oral contraceptives, 621 Cardiovascular risk indicators, 351 Coarctation of the aorta Carotid baroreceptor reflex diagnosis, 492 in normotensive subjects, 36 management, 499 in subjects with arterial hypertension, 38 mechanism of hypertension, 493 during antihypertensive therapy, 48 radiological examination, 658 Catecholamines, see also Specific catecholam• Cold pressure test, 113 ines Complete empiricism, 879 action on effector cells, 62 Compliance component: of aortic impedance, angiotensin and, 299 422 assays of, 65, 170 Compliance to therapy, 949 biosynthesis of, 58 problems in maintaining diuretics and, 715 patient's faults, 955 essential hypertension and, 291 practioners' faults, 955, 958 factors affecting, 299 regimens' faults, 959 inactivation of, 60 ways to improve, 953 in borderline hypertension, 368 Computer models in hypertension, 251, 373 in coarctation of aorta, 498 Conn's syndrome, see Primary Aldosteron• in renal vein, 294 ism metabolism of, 168 Contraceptives, see Oral contraceptives oral contraceptives and, 620 Converting-enzyme,see Angiotensin I convert- pathway of, 59 ing-enzyme plasma, 170, 220, 655, 816 Convulsions, 605 release of, 58 Convulsion prophylaxis, 905 storage of, 58 Cooperative Study of Renovascular Hyperten• urinary excretion of, 62, 816 sion, 526 vascular reactivity, 297, 369 arteriography, 531 Cell membrane abnormalities, 156 clinical characteristics, 527 Central blood pressure regulation, 18 decision to further tests, 530 Central nervous system individual kidney function tests, 532 methyldopa, 801 intravenous urogram, 527 Central nucleus of the hypothalamus, 20 radioisotope renogram, 529 Cerebral hemorrhages, 118, 399 Coronary artery disease Cerebrovascular events influence of antihypertensive treatment, influence of antihypertensive treatment, 894 894 Coronary blood flow in hypertension, 424 Childhood and adolescence hypertension in Cortical (brain) infarction syndromes, 388 blood pressure measurement Cushing's syndrome interpretation, 332 iatrogenic, 556 technique, 327 mechanisms of hypertension, 556 978

radiological examinations, 559, 688 in essential hypertension, 379, 427 Cystography, 662 Eclampsia, 596, 903 clinical features, 903 Dahl rats, 267, 283 Elderly Dahl's salt-losing pressor agent, 273 hypertension in, 347, 877 Death, sudden, 454 prevalence of hypertension, 349 Debrisoquine, 830 treatment of hypertension in, 356, 877 Decerebration, 21 Electrical stimulation, 22 Definition of hypertension, 479 Electrocardiogram in left ventricular hypertro- in children and adolescents, 486 phy,426 Depression Emergencies, see Hypertensive crises producing by methyldopa, 938 Emotional behaviour, 32 producing by propanolol, 938 Encephalopathy, see Hypertensive crises producing by reserpine, 938 Endorphins, 29 Dexamethasone Enkephalins, 22, 29 for diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome, 558 Environmental factors Diagnostic evaluation, 338 in arterial pressure, 165, 207, 232 Diazoxide, 473, 789, 911 role in essential hypertension, 208, 234 action of, 789 Epinephrine, see Adrenaline; Catecholamines chemistry of, 789 Erythrocyte abnormalities in hypertension, clinical use of, 790 157 pharmakinetics of, 790 Estrogen-induced hypertension, see Oral con• side effects of, 791 traceptives Dietary salt, see also Salt intake; Sodium EWPHE,357 Distensibility, venous Examinations in hypertension, 384 clinical, 629 Distinctive clinical features, 468 laboratory, 648 Diuretics, see also Specific diuretic radiological, 657 action of, 7 \0 Exchangeable sodium, 186 catecholamines, 715 Excretion, urinary for hypertensive pregnant patients, 604 of aldosterone, 651 hemodynamics of, 711 of catecholamines, 62, 651 in elde~ly, 359 of creatinine, 651 kinins, \715 of electrolytes, 651 metaboE"c effects, 716 of kallikrein, 93 prostagl ndin, 715 of potassium, 651 renal h \ odynamics, 437, 713 of sodium, 9, 141 renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, 714 of water, 141 Diurnal variations Excretory urography, see Pyelography, of blood ',pressure, \09, 758 intra venous Dopamine, \57 Exercise, physical Dopamine P-hydroxylase, 168, 368 and catecholamines, 294 Doppler metrod for blood pressure measure• and obesity, 277 ments of illfants, 327 benefits of, in treating hypertension, 696 Drugs, see Ahtihypertensive drugs hemodynamics Dysplasia, fibrous of renal artery, 673 in borderline hypertension, 373 in essential hypertension, 380 ECF, see Extracellular fluid Experimental hypertension, 132 Echocardiography, 341 chronic renal disease, 514 in borderline hypertension, 367 genetic, 207 in coarctation of aorta, 661 Goldblatt, renal artery stenosis, 7 979

renoprival hypertension, 4 congestive, 119, 320 salt intake and, 9 hemodynamics, 379 spontaneous hypertensive rats, 6 Hemodynamics Extracellular fluid volume (ECF) alpha-methyldopa, 803 in control of arterial pressure, 185 alpha-receptor blockers, 385 Eye examination, 339, 409, 635 angiotensin II analogues, 839 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, Familial clustering of hypertension, 334 844 Family history, 630 autoregulation, 372 Fibrous dysplasia, of renal artery, 670 beta-receptor blockers, 385 Fletcher factor, 86 cardiopulmonary receptors, 139 Framingham study, 347, 451 catecholamines, 295 Frank-Starling diuretics, 385, 711 curve, 243 in obesity, 281 mechanism, 180, 424 of borderline hypertension, 366, 378 Furosemide (Lasix), 913 of essential hypertension, 377 of oral contraceptive hypertension, 619 Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), 23, 27 pathophysiological mechanisms, 383 Ganglionic blocking drugs, 834 renal, see Renal hemodynamics General strategy, 873, 904 Hemolytic anemia Genetic experimental hypertension, 207 microangiopathic, in malignant hyperten- Genetics sion, 469 in essential hypertension, 206 Heredity, 206, 212 in hypertensive rats, 120, 125, 234 Hexamethonium, 835 markers for idiopathic hypertension, 274 Histofluorescence, 19 predisposition, 232 History, patient, 630 Glomerular filtration rate Home measurement of blood pressure, 105, in essential hypertension, 255 642 Glomerulonephritis Hormones, see also Specific hormone acute, 470 parathyroid, 591 chronic, 467, 470, 509 thyroid, 586 progressive renal damage, 7, 509 Humoral factors, 465 radiological examination, 662 Hydralazine (Apresoline), 783, 910 Glutamate, 23, 31 action, 784 Glucocorticoid-remediable hyperaldosteron- chemistry, 784 ism, 555 clinical use, 785 Guanabenz, 824 for hypertension in elderly, 360 Guanadrel, 830 in pregnancy-induced hypertension, 605 Guanfacine, 824 pharmakinetics, 785 Guanethidine (lsmelin), 830, 943 side effects, 786 17 a-Hydroxylase, 563 Headaches II P-Hydroxylase, 563 as symptoms of hypertension, 339, 469 Hyperdynamic hypertension, 172 Health scores, 933 Hyperglycemia, as compliance of thiazide Health status index, 933, 935 therapy, 721 Heart, see also Cardiac, Cardiovascular, Ven• Hyperkinetic state, 221 tricular Hyperlipidemia, 343 the Heart in hypertension as compliance of thiazide therapy, 723 clinical aspects, 426 Hyperperfusion in tissues, 181 pathophysiology, 421 Hypertension, see also Hypertensive crises Heart failure accelerated, 458 980

apex beat, 633 Hypertensive renal disease, see also Renal dis- auscultation, 633 ease and hypertension borderline, 110, 173, 291, 365, 378 Hypertensive retinopathy, 412 clinical examination, 629 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 35 coronary blood flow in, 424 Hypertrophic wall thickening, 233 Cushing's syndrome, 555 Hyperuricemia emergencies, 472, 901 produced by thiazide diuretics, 722 essential, see also Essential hypertension Hypokalemia experimental, see also Experimental hyper- causes of, 716 tension in Cushing's syndrome, 557 genetics, 120, 206 in primary aldosteronism, 549 heridity as cause, 208 management of diuretic-induced, 718 high-renin .essential, 190 thiazide-induced, 717 hyperparathyroidism, 591 Hyponatremia, thiazide-induced, 720 hypothyroidism, 586 Hypotension idiopathic, 274 postural in children, 338 with captopril, 858 in elderly, 347, 461 with methyldopa, 806 in juvenile, 366 Hypothalamic blood flow, 30 in rats, 251 Hypothalamus, 22, 168 labile, 173 paraventricular nucleus of, 20 low-renin essential, 191 Hypothyroidism, 586 malignant, 446, 448, 458, 464 normal-renin essential, 190 Idiopathic hypertension, 272 obesity, 277, 878 Imidazolines, 814, 824 oral contraceptive-induced, 613 Immunology (in eclampsia), 600 pathogenesis, 132, 249, 281 Indapamide, 796 pathophysiology, 164 Inderal, see Propranolol postoperative, 4, 501, 923 Indications, 832 pregnancy-induced, 596 Indomethacin, effect on prostaglandin synthe- prevalence in elderly, 349 sis, 96 role of catecholamines, 290 Indoramin, 776 role of kidney, 249 Inheritance, see Genetics role of nervous system, 217 Innervation, adrenergic, of juxtaglomerular secondary forms, see also Specific disease cells, 766 coarctation of aorta, 492 Insulin intolerance, 281 Cushing's syndrome, 555 Interstitial compartment, 141 primary aldosteronism, 547 Intracranial bleedings, 904 renovascular, 133, 250, 385, 442, 526 Intravascular compartment, 141 sodium induced, 272 Intravascular volume, 547 symptoms, 338, 469, 630, 940 Intravenous pyelography, see Pyelography, systolic, 451 intravenous Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Pro• Ismelin, see Guanethidine gram, 348, 356, 458 Isoproterenol Hypertensive crises in borderline hypertension, 369 eclampsia, 596, 903 in hypertension, 298, 369 encephalopathy, 400, 902 IVP, see Pyclography, intravenous laboratory findings, 648 treatment, 823 Kaliuresis Hypertensive encephalopathy, see Hyperten• cardiopulmonary receptors, 141 sive crises Kallidin, 87 981

Kallikreins Left ventricular and diastolic pressure, 423 glandular, 86 Left ventricular compliance, 423 inactivation, 87 Left ventricular hypertrophy, 242, 423, 426 interactions hemodynamics, 378 with aldosterone, 94 in hypertensive rats, 384 with prostaglandins, 96 prognosis, 461 with renin-angiotensin, 95 relationship with blood pressure levels, hypotensive effect of oral, 97 429 renal, 88 Left ventricular wall thickness, 424 urinary, 88 Limbic brain areas, 32 Kallikrein-kinin system Lipid intake (in rats), 122 humoral vasodepressor system and, 94 Locus coeruleus, 20 localisation, 88 Loop diuretics regulation of extracellular fluid volume, 91 adverse reactions, 728 relation between autonomous nervous sys- clinical use, 728 tem and, 90 pharmacokinetics, 727 Keith-Wagener-Barker fundoscopic changes, Luminal reduction, 233 412 Kidneys, see also entries beginning with word Macula densa, role in renin secretion, 146 • Renal' and element' Reno' Malignant hypertension blood pressure regulation, 3,4, 135 drugs in, 472 cross-transplantation, 6 mechanisms in, 465 developmental phase of hypertension and, sodium, 472 182, 183 Management, see also Therapy essential hypertension approach to, 520 role of kidneys in, 249 with drugs, see also Antihypertensive excretory functions of, 8 drugs individual function tests, 532 Mean arterial pressure, see Arterial blood interlobular arteries, 464 pressure maintenance of hypertension and, 183 Measurement of blood pressure, 482, 637 secretory functions of, 8 cuff size, 327 transplantation, 6, 256, 539, 495 home readings, 642 Kinins, 28, 30 infants and children, 327 converting-enzyme, 88 Korotkoff sounds, 638 diuretics, 715 Parks-Doppler ultrasound system, 327 Kininogens, 86 random zero sphygmomanometer, 327 Korotkoff sounds, 638 variability, 336 Kyoto spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), Media hypertrophy, 239 118, 234 Medulla oblongata, 19,21, 168 Mental stress, 219, 232 Labetalol, 473, 910 response of the renal vasculature to, 219 Labile hypertension, 173 personality and reactivity to, 218 Lability of blood pressure Membrane transport diastolic, 105 cellular, 154 mean, 110 Metanephrines, 61 systolic, 105, 109 Methyldopa (Aldomet), 801, 908 Laboratory evaluation actions, 80 I of hypertensive children, 341 cardiovascular effects, 803 of hypertensive patients, 648 clinical use, 805 Laryngoscopy, 919 complications, 805 Lasix, see Furosemide for hypertension during pregnancy, 605 982

for hypertension in elderly, 360 Neuromodulator, 18 pharmacokinetics, 804 Neuromuscular junction Metyrapone test, 558 blockers, 828 Mild hypertension, 219, 821 clini cal use, 830 Milan spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), Neuroreflex mechanisms, 135 236 Neurotransmitters, 18, 23 Mineralocorticoids destruction, 769 excess, 7 release and presynaptic influences, 768 Minoxidil, 473, 786 storage, 767 action, 787 synthesis, 767 chemistry, 787 Newborns, measurement of blood pressure, clinical use, 788 327 pharmacokinetics. 788 New Zealand genetical hypertensive rats, 236 side effects, 788 Nicotine receptors, 26 Moderate hypertension, 821 Nitroprusside Mortality and morbidity action, 792 associated with oral contraceptive use, 620 clinical use, 793 effects of antihypertensive drugs, 891 for hypertensive emergencies, 912 from cardiovascular disease, 454 pharmacokinetics, 793 total, 455 side effects, 794 Muscarine receptors. 26 Nifedipine Myocardial infarction, 119 action, 795 change in blood pressure after, 455 chemistry, 795 hemodynamics, 379 indications, 796 mortality, 455 pharmakinetics, 796 related to oral contraceptive use, 621 Noradrenaline, see also Catecholamines, 23 Myocardial revascularization, postoperative age-dependent increase of, 171 hypertension after, 50 I index of sympathetic activity and, 67 in essential hypertension, 68, 171 in pheochromocytoma, 903 NaCl, see Dietary salt plasma, 170 NaCl Hypertension, see Salt intake relationship with blood pressure, 68 Natriuresis source, 67 cardiopulmonary receptors, 140 urinary, 62 Natriuretic hormone, 440 Noradrenergic pressor system, 26 Na/K-ratio (in rats), 123 Norepinephrine, see Noradrenaline and Cate• Neocortex, 23 cholamines Nephrectomy Nucleus of solitary tract (NTS), 19 bilateral, 4 Nucleus supraopticus, 31 unilateral, 7 Nephron dynamics Obesity in hypertensive rats, 254 association with hypertension, 277, 878 Nephrosclerosis Ocular fundus, 405 relationship to hypertension, 445 Ophthalmoscopic classification of hyperten• Neural influence sion, 412 control of volume, 137 Opioid peptides, 29 Neuroanatomical organization, 18 Oral contraceptives, 612 Neurogenic factors, 167 and blood pressure, 473, 613 Neurogenic tone, 221 and hypertension, 616 Neurohormones, 23 consequences, 620 Neurohumoral control system, 20 management, 621 983

mechanisms, 61 7 EKG findings, 575 Oxford blood pressure system, 107 laboratory findings, 575 Oxygen consumption pharmacologic tests, 576 in borderline hypertension, 371 preoperative localisation, 578 in hypertension, 378 radiological examination, 683 Overfeeding, 283 screening, 574 Oxytocin, 20 signs, 570 symptoms, 567 P-113, see Saralasin therapy, 579 Para brachial nucleus, 20 Phentolamine, 909 Parasympathetic nervous system, 176 local effects, 296 Paillventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, Pherentasin, 495 20 Physical exercise, see Exercise Parathyroid disease Pill, the, see Oral contraceptive pills hyperparathyroidism, 591 Pituitary hormones, see Specific pituitary Parathyroid hormones function, 591 Plasma adrenaline, see Adrenaline hormone, 592 Plasma aldosterone, see Aldosterone Parenteral drugs, 474 Plasma noradrenaline, see Noradrenaline Paroxysmal hypertension, 902, 903 Plasraa potassium, see Hypokalemia Papilledema, 464, 90 I Plasma renin activity PRA, see also Renin Pathogenesis of hypertension, 132 age and, 355 Patient adherence to therapy, 955 effect of sodium depletion, 653 Patient education in management of hyperten• in elderly, 355 sion, 958 in obesity, 286 Pediatric hypertension, see also Childhood in pregnancy, 599 and adolescence measurements of, 306, 655 Pempidine, 835 Plasma volume Pentolinium tartrate, 835 in essential hypertension, 185 Peptide hormones, 22 Pneumography, retroperitoneal, 680 Peptide receptors, 28 Polycystic kidneys, 662 Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, 539 Population screening, 874 Peripheral resistance, see Hemodynamics Postoperati ve period PG's, see Prostaglandins cardiovascular complications, 926 Pharmacokinetics development of hypertension, 4, 923 captopril, 843 fluid overload, 922 clonidine, 817 Postpartum renal failure, 468 diazoxide, 790 Potassium intake, 694 hydralazine, 785 Potassium (K), see also Hypokalemia loop diuretics, 727 serum, concentration of, 652 methyldopa, 804 Potassium-sparing diuretics minoxidil, 788 action, 729 nifedipine, 796 adverse effects, 730 nitroprusside, 793 clinical use, 731 potassium sparing diuretics, 729 pharmacokinetics, 729 thiazides, 724 PRA, see Plasma renin activity Pheachromocytoma, 566 Prazosin (Minipress), 474, 775 aytypical manifestations, 571 actions, 775 biochemical tests, 576 complications, 775 catecholamine secretion, 903 dosage, 775 differential diagnosis, 572 Preeclampsia, see Eclampsia 984

Pregnancy Quality of life, 929 renin-angiotensin, 599 Quaternary ammonium compounds, 834 Prekallikrein, 86 Preoperative management Radiological examinations, 657 of essential hypertension, 917 Rapid-sequence intravenous pyelography, see Pressure natriuresis, 183 Pyelography, intravenous Pressure neck chamber technique, 35 Rats, hypertensive, 118, 234, 251 Pressure receptor systems, 135 Rebound hypertension, 823 Presynaptic Receptors, see also Specific kind of receptors adrenergic receptors, 175 baroreceptors, 135 facilitation, 26 cardiopulmonary, 138 inhibition, 26 presynaptic, 175 regulation, 26 Red cells Prevention of hypertension, 874 deficit in sodium-potassium cotransport, Primary hyperaldosteronism, 318, 547 158 pathophysiology, 135 sodium-potassium pump, 285 radiological examinations, 684 Recoarctation of aorta, 50 I Progestational agents, see Oral contraceptives Recording of blood pressure levels, 339 Propranolol (Inderal) Regulation of blood pressure variability, 110 during converting-enzyme inhibition, 855 baroreceptor reflexes in, III use in borderline hypertension, 369 renin-angiotensin system in, 113 withdrawal rebound, 925 sympathetic nervous activity in, 112 Prostacydin, 75, 148 Relaxation therapy, of hypertension, 697 Prostaglandins Remler recorder, 106 biosynthesis, 74, 147 Renal arterial disease, see Renovascular hy• diuretics, 715 pertension historical aspects of, 72 Renal damage in borderline hypertension, 368 pressure-induced, 8 inhibi tors, 148 Renal arteriography, see Arteriography metabolism, 74 Renal artery bruit, 634 regulating blood pressure, 71 Renal artery stenosis, see Renovascular hyper• regulating sodium homeostasis, 71 tension renal circulatory homeostasis, 150 Renal disease and hypertension, see also Spe• renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, 149 cific renal disease, 508 sodium diet, 150 functional alteration, 511 systemic antihypertensive effects, 77 histopathologic alterations, 511 Protein intake (in rats), 124 occurrence and severity of, 508 Psychoneurotic status, 935 Renal failure Psychosocial stress, 32 acute Psychotherapy of hypertension, 702 in accelerated, malignant hypertension, Pulmonary circulation 464 in essential hypertension, 380 Renal hemodynamics Pulmonary hypertension, 431 catecholamines, 290 Pyelography, intravenous diuretics, 713 as screening test for renovascular hyperten• in essential hypertension, 254, 437 sion, 664 in hypertensive rats, 254 in evaluation of hypertensive children, 342 methyldopa, 804 wash out, 664, 667 oral contraceptives, 620 Pyelonephritis Renal function radiological examination, 662 in essential hypertension, 440 in hypertensive rats, 254 985

Renal hypertension, see Renovascular hyper• experimental, 313 tension pathogenesis, 516 Renal kallikrein, 89 PRA in the diagnosis of, 534 Renal parenchymal disease radiological examination, 529, 664 detection of, 518 renal artery stenosis, 317 radiological examination, 662 renal vein renins in the diagnosis of, 534 Renal transplantation renogram, 529 experimental, 6 screening tests, 527, 667 hypertension after, 6 therapy, 536 Renal vasoconstriction, 9 Reserpine, 906 Renal vein renin ratios (RVRR), 534 Resistive component of aortic component, Renin, see also Plasma renin activity 35 angiotensin antagonists, 841 Reticular formation, 167 biochemistry, 305 Retinal vessels, 406 cardiopulmonary receptors, 141 Retrograde horseradish peroxidase technique, control of release, 146, 150 19 converting enzyme inhibition, 851 Risk of mild hypertension, 888 diuretics, 714 in borderline hypertension, 368 Salt intake, 232 in coarctation of aorta, 496 human hypertension and, 165, 268, 878 in essential hypertension, 189, 256, 316 in Dahl'S' and 'R' rats, 282 in experimental congestive heart failure, in rats, 122, 266 314 Salt and water diuresis, 466 inhibitors, 308 Saralasin (I-sarcosine, 8-alanine angiotensin in human disease, 315 II) in hypertensive rat, 256 as angiotensin II blocker, 838 in postoperative hypertension, 502 in coarctation of the aorta, 498 in pregnancy, 599 in diagnosis of renovasculat hypertension, in renovascular hypertension, 305 535 measurement of, 306 in oral contraceptive-induced hypertension, physiology, 305 618 prostaglandins and, 149 in postoperative hypertension, 503 secretion of, 10. 306 Scintigraphy sodium balance and, 310 adrenal, 685 with estrogen therapy, 617 Screening studies, 342 Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, see Al• Secondary hypertension, see also Specific dosterone; Angiotensin; Renin forms Renin-angiotensin system, see Angiotensin; in children, 342 Renin malignant, 467 Renin substrate Secretion with estrogen therapy, 617 adrenaline, 57 Renin-pressure interactions, 13 renin, 10 Renoprival hypertension Serotonin, 23, 26 experimental, production of, 4 Serum dopamine p-hydroxylase, 59 Renovascular disease, 526 Serum potassium, see Hypokalemia Renovascular hypertension, 133, 495 Serum triglycerides, see also Hyperlipidemia, angiotensin antagonists in the diagnosis of, 652 535 Serum triiodothyronine, 588 contribution of renin-angiotensin system, Serum thyroxine, 588 532 Serum TSH, 586 diagnosis, 526 Sodium (Na), see also Dietary salt 986

catecholamines, 294 hemodynamics, 368 in essential hypertension, 255 in coarctation of the aorta, 498 in hypertensive rats, 255 in essential hypertension, 290 in control of renin release, 10 in labile hypertension, 368 in pathogenesis of idiopathic hypertension, oral contraceptives, 620 272 organization of, 57 intracellular, 154 structure of, 57 intraerythrocyte concentration of, 156 Symptoms of hypertensive patients, 338, 468, intraleucocyte concentration of, 156 940 oral contraceptives, 618 Systemic hemodynamics, 353 prostaglandins and, 270 Systolic time interval, 180 transport in cell membrane, 154 Sodium-loading Therapy in hypertensive subjects, 269 anesthesia in patients receiving, 916 in normal man, 268 a-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs, 775 Sodium nitroprusside, see Nitroprusside p-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs, 743 Sodium-potassium antihypertensive drugs, see also Antihyper- ATPase, 273 tensive drugs totransport, deficit in red cells, 158 bethanidine, 830 pump in red cells, 285 clonidine, 473, 820, 908 Sodium-volume captopril, 854 component, 191 combinations, 474, 749 factor, 185 diazoxide, 473, 911 homeostasis, 183 diuretics, 708 Sodium-pressure interactions, 9 furosemide, 913 Sodium restriction guanethidine, 830, 942 value in treatment of hypertension, 692 hydralazine, 783, 910 Sphygmomanometer, 105, 629 labetalol, 473, 910 Spinal centers, 22 methyldopa, 801, 908, 942 Spironolactone (Aldactone), see Potassium minoxidil, 786 spacing diuretics nifedipine, 795 Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), 29 nitroprusside, 792 SQ 14225, SQ 20881, see Angiotensin con- prazosin, 775 verting enzyme inhibitors of propranolol, 369 Stenosis, renal artery, 7 reserpine, 906 Stepped care approach to therapy, 880 spironolactone, 730 Stress, see also Mental stress thiazides, 724 catecholamines, 294 cardiac effects of antihypertensive, 430 in borderline hypertension, 373 compliance with, 949 Strokes, 388 efficacy of, 820 oral contraceptives, 621 fluid retention, 430 Structural cardiovascular adaptation, 233 malignant hypertension, 470 Structural resetting of barostat functions, 244 methods to improve, 953 Substance P, 23, 30 microangiopathy, 470 Sympathetic activity of renovascular hypertension, 536 measurement of, 169 operative mortality, 538 renin system and, 187 results of operative treatment, 536 Sympathetic cholinergic dilatatory system, 22 with antihypertensive drugs, 540 Sympathetic nerves, postganglionic, 58 psychotherapy, 702 Sympathetic nervous system relaxation therapy, 697 diuretics, 715 secondary cardiac effects 987

fluid retention, 35 Urinary kallikreins, see Kallikrein interference with adrenergic support to Urinary noradrenaline, see Noradrenaline the heart, 35 Urogram stepped care approach, 880 excretory with nephrotomography, 679 without drugs, 877 Urography, see Pyelography, intravenous Thiazides clinical use, 726 Variability of blood pressure, 104, 348 complications, 725 Variation in blood pressure pharmacokinetics, 724 environmental variance, 207 Thrombo-embolic disorders genetic-environmental interactions, 208 oral contraceptives, 621 genetic variance, 207 Thyroid intra-person variance, 207 anomalies of function, 588 Vascular hyperreactivity, 240, 241 dysfunction, 588 Vascular resistance, 13 function, 586 Vascular smooth muscle Thyroid hormones, 284 tension and, 13 Thyroid disease Vasoconstriction-volume hypothesis, 883 hyperthyroidism, 588 Vasoconstrictors, see Specific, agents: Angio- hypothyroidism, 586 tensin, Noradrenaline Tiamenidine, 824 Vasodepressor adrenaline system, 26 Tomography, computed axial Vasodilator therapy, 431 in aldosteronism, 687 Vasomotor center, 19,21, 168 in pheochromocytoma, 683 Vasopressin, 20, 145 Total peripheral disease, see Hemodynamics Venography, adrenal, 687 Tracheal intubation, 920 Venous capacitance, 244 Tracking of blood pressure, 334 Ventricular hypertrophy, 423 Transient ischemic attack, 397 Veterans Administration Study, 356 Transplantation, renal, 6 Volume-control, 143 Treatment, see Therapy Volume-dependent hypertension, 185 Trimetaphan for acute dissecting aneurysms of aorta, 836 Wallilumen ratio, 182, 234 hypertensive emergencies, 836, 908 Weight Tumors as epidemiologic factor, 348 adrenal, 547 reduction, as therapy of hypertension, 694 aldosterone-producing, 547 Weight loss, 468 Two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension, see Re• Withdrawal syndrome, 823 novascular hypertension W/ri, 239 World Health Organization, 352, 479 Ultrasonography, 682 Units for expressing blood pressure, 481 X-rays, see Arteriography; Pyelography; Uremia, 469 Venography Uric acid, concentration of serum, 652 Urinalysis, 650 Young adults Urinary adrenaline, see Adrenaline hypertension in, see childhood and adoles• Urinary catecholamines, see Catecholamines cence