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Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2021 “Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962 Michael R. Hogan West Virginia University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Part of the African History Commons Recommended Citation Hogan, Michael R., "“Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962" (2021). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 8264. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/8264 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962 Michael Robert Hogan Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In History Robert M. -
Afrikaans As Lingua Franca in Namibië, Ca. 1800–1920
LitNet Akademies Jaargang 7(3) – Desember 2010 Afrikaans as lingua franca in Namibië, ca. 1800–1920 Gerald Groenewald Departement Historiese Studies Universiteit van Johannesburg Summary Afrikaans as lingua franca in Namibia, c. 1800–1920 Afrikaans is the mother tongue of a sizeable group of speakers in the Republic of Namibia, where it also serves as a lingua franca among speakers of different languages. This article investigates the establishment, spread and use of Afrikaans as a lingua franca in precolonial and colonial Namibia until the annexation by South Africa, when the language achieved official status. Afrikaans was introduced to Namibia at the turn of the 19th century by the Oorlams, Westernised Khoikhoi groups who mostly used a form of Dutch for communication. During this same period, missionaries started to labour among the Oorlams and the indigenous Nama of South and Central Namibia, which led to greater stability in the local communities. Due to the greater socioeconomic and political power of the Oorlams, their language became the prestige language which was increasingly used by both the Nama and other groups with whom they came into contact. During 1810–1840 Afrikaans spread as a lingua franca over a large part of Namibia due to the hegemony of the Oorlams. From this period until the German annexation during the 1880s, Afrikaans was widely used for diplomacy, teaching, religion and trade by both mothertongue and nonmothertongue speakers. Although the German annexation led to the loss of certain higher function for Afrikaans, the language remained being widely used as a lingua franca, a position which was strengthened by the arrival of the Basters and European farmers from South Africa from the 1870s onwards. -
Inventory of the Private Collection of AP Treurnicht PV873
Inventory of the private collection of AP Treurnicht PV873 Contact us Write to: Visit us: Archive for Contemporary Affairs Archive for Contemporary Affairs University of the Free State Stef Coetzee Building P.O. Box 2320 Room 109 Bloemfontein 9300 Academic Avenue South South Africa University of the Free State 205 Nelson Mandela Drive Park West Bloemfontein Telephone: Email: +27(0)51 401 2418/2646/2225 [email protected] PV 873 Treurnicht, A.P. (DR.) FILE NO SERIES SUB-SERIES DESCRIPTION DATES 1/1/1 1. AGENDAS, 1/1 General Agendas and minutes of inter alia 1967- MINUTES, AND SABRA (SA Bureau of Racial Affairs), 1991 RESOLUTIONS SA Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns; Pretoria Liquor and Catering Trades Employees Union and Boksburg Town Council; local government affairs; education; communism 1/2/1 1. AGENDAS, 1/2 Afrikaanse Motion that every branch of the 1953 MINUTES, AND Christen Studente Christian Student Society shall consist RESOLUTIONS Vereniging of an English-speaking and an (ACSU) Afrikaans-speaking section, 1953 1/3/1 1. AGENDAS, 1/3 Afrikaner Documents regarding the "American 1968- MINUTES, AND Broederbond Field Service" who arrange for school 1990 RESOLUTIONS children to visit the USA, 1968; education systems for SA, 1990 1/4/1/1 1. AGENDAS, 1/4 Church Documents and minutes of a general 1967- MINUTES, AND Affairs; 1/4/1 nature referring inter alia to mixed 1987 RESOLUTIONS General marriages; apartheid in the church; Schismatic church; church and education 1/5/1/1 1. AGENDAS, 1/5 Political Resolutions of the (No Suggestions) 1990- MINUTES, AND Affairs; 1/5/1 Legislative Assembly Caucus meeting 1992 RESOLUTIONS General 21/9/1990; minutes of a debate between members of the National Party and members of the Conservative Party on policy matters, 23/4/1991; proposals for a revised approach to the question of partition 1/5/2/1 1. -
Hanspeter Mühlbach Frankfurt Am Main 2020
1 Maltahöhe und seine Geschichte Eine historische Materialsammlung von Hanspeter Mühlbach Frankfurt am Main 2020 Redaktion Hanspeter Mühlbach ( [email protected]) 2 Einleitung Der kleine Ort Maltahöhe , am Schwarzrand begann sein Dasein nach der Gründung der Hilfspoststation 1899 durch Henning von Burgsdorff. Mit einzelnen Verwaltungsgebäuden wuchs der Ort sehr zögernd in den ersten 15 Jahren. Maltahöhe hatte fast ausschliesslich die Aufgabe den gesamten Distrikt zu versorgen und zu verwalten. Nach dem Ende des 2. Witbooiaufstandes 1907 wurden Handelsgebäude, Werkstätten, und Hotels errichtet. Bis 1913 gab es lediglich 13 bebaute Grundstücke in dem Ort. Eine nennenswerte Anzahl von Wohnhäuser im Westteil des Orts entstanden erst nach dem ersten Weltkrieg. Zeitgleich wuchs die „Werft“ oder „Lokasi“. 1962 die Werft dem Namen “Andreville“ nach dem Baster Andres Berger benannt. Ein neuer Stadteil heist wegen der Häuschen aus Wellblech „Blikkiesdrop“. Zwei Drittel der dortigen Farbigen kamen aus der Umgebung (meist Witbooi und Nama) und ein Drittel kam als „ Kontraktarbeiter“ aus dem Norden (Herero und Ovambo). Der Ort Maltahöhe hatte grosse Bedeutung für den Bezirk. Post, Verwaltung, Viehauktionen, Warentransport und Sozialkontakte fanden hier ihren Mittelpunkt. Die Karakulzucht brachte der Region ab den dreißiger Jahren Wohlstand und benötigte farbige Arbeiter, die meist mit ihren ganzen Familien auf die Farmen zogen. Dennoch blieb in Maltahöhe die Anzahl der weißen Einwohner und deren Häuser um 1926 sehr klein (ca. 300). Erst nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg kamen mehrere neue Straßen mit ca. 50 Wohnhäusern hinzu. Das Wachstum von dem Distrikt Maltahöhe stagnierte allerdings, durch den Wechsel der Mode .Um 1970 sank die Nachfrage nach Karakulfellchen dramatisch. Heute hat der westliche, der „ weisse „ Stadtteil etwas mehr als 100 Häusern mit gemischter Bevölkerung. -
Three Hundred Years
Three hundred years http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.crp2b20043 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Three hundred years Alternative title Unity movement history series Author/Creator Mnguni; Jaffe, Hosea Contributor Dudley, R. O. (author of foreword) Publisher APDUSA Date 1988-03 Resource type Books Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa, Namibia Coverage (temporal) 1652 – 1952 Rights By kind permission of Hosea Jaffe. Description This is a survey of South African history, from 1652 to 1952, written from the perspective of the Unity Movement. It was written as background for a campaign against the Van Riebeeck Festival celebrating 300 years of "white civilization" in South Africa. -
Four Seasons and I Will Die': a Typology of Displacement Atrocities
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2019-07-15 'All Four Seasons and I Will Die': A Typology of Displacement Atrocities Basso, Andrew Robert Basso, A. R. (2019). All Four Seasons and I Will Die': A Typology of Displacement Atrocities (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/110666 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY ‘All Four Seasons and I Will Die': A Typology of Displacement Atrocities by Andrew Robert Basso A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILISOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN POLITICAL SCIENCE CALGARY, ALBERTA JULY, 2019 © Andrew Robert Basso 2019 Abstract In this dissertation I answer the question: why is displacement used to commit genocide? To answer this question, a typology and theory of Displacement Atrocity (DA) crimes is offered. Perpetrators of DA crimes uniquely fuse forced displacement with systemic deprivations of vital daily needs in order to destroy populations in whole or in part. DA crimes are typically perpetrated in large political geographies which are transformed into spaces of annihilation. There are two subtypes of DA crimes. -
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort zur 3. Auflage 8 NamibiaaufdemWegzurKolonie Gesine Krüger Das Goldene Zeitalter der Viehzüchter Namibia im 19. Jahrhundert 13 Jürgen Zimmerer Der koloniale Musterstaat? Rassentrennung, Arbeitszwang und totale Kontrolle in Deutsch-Südwestafrika 26 DerKolonialkrieg1904 –1908 Jürgen Zimmerer Krieg, KZ und Völkermord in Südwestafrika Der erste deutsche Genozid 45 Joachim Zeller »Ombepera i koza – Die Kälte tötet mich« Zur Geschichte des Konzentrationslagers in Swakopmund (1904–1908) 64 Casper W. Erichsen Zwangsarbeit im Konzentrationslager auf der Haifischinsel 80 Medardus Brehl »Das Drama spielte sich auf der dunklen Bühne des Sandfeldes ab« Die Vernichtung der Herero und Nama in der deutschen (Populär-)Literatur 86 Ulrich van der Heyden Die »Hottentottenwahlen« von 1907 97 Leid,WiderstandundNeubeginn:DieafrikanischePerspektive Jan-Bart Gewald Kolonisierung, Völkermord und Wiederkehr Die Herero von Namibia 1890–1923 105 Werner Hillebrecht Die Nama und der Krieg im Süden 121 Dominik J. Schaller Am Rande des Krieges Das Ovambo-Königreich Ondonga 134 Gesine Krüger Bestien und Opfer: Frauen im Kolonialkrieg 142 Dag Henrichsen Heirat im Krieg Erfahrungen von Kaera Ida Getzen-Leinhos 160 ErinnernundVergessen Jan-Bart Gewald Die Beerdigung von Samuel Maharero und die Reorganisation der Herero 171 Reinhart Kößler »A Luta Continua«: Strategische Orientierung und Erinnerungspolitik am Beispiel des »Heroes Day« der Witbooi in Gibeon 180 Joachim Zeller Symbolische Politik Anmerkungen zur kolonialdeutschen Erinnerungskultur -
German Colonial Rule in Namibia: an Annotated Reprint of the 1918 Blue Book
SAH-1-silvester.qxd 4/29/2003 3:08 PM Page i WORDS CANNOT BE FOUND SAH-1-silvester.qxd 4/29/2003 3:08 PM Page ii SOURCES FOR AFRICAN HISTORY Volume 1 SAH-1-silvester.qxd 4/29/2003 3:08 PM Page iii WORDS CANNOT BE FOUND German Colonial Rule in Namibia: An Annotated Reprint of the 1918 Blue Book BY JEREMY SILVESTER and JAN-BART GEWALD BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2003 SAH-1-silvester.qxd 4/29/2003 3:08 PM Page iv This co-publication with the National Archives of Namibia in the Republic of Namibia was made possible by the African Studies Centre in Leiden, The Netherlands. 19 African Studies Centre National Archives of Namibia This book is printed on acid-free paper. Text design by Vocking in Vorm (Utrecht); cover photography by Ivo Romein (Gouda). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data South-West Africa. Administrator’s Office. [Report on the natives of South-West Africa and their treatment by Germany] Words cannot be found : German colonial rule in Namibia : an annotated reprint of the 1918 Blue Book / by Jeremy Silvester and Jan-Bart Gewald. p. cm. – (Sources for African history, ISSN 1570-8721 ; v. 1) Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 90-04-12981-2 (pbk.) 1. Indigenous peoples–Namibia–Government relations. 2. Namibia–History–1884-1915. I. Silvester, Jeremy. II. Gewald, Jan-Bart. III. Title IV. Series. DT1603.S68 2003 323.1’6881’09034–dc21 2003044435 ISSN 1570–8721 ISBN 90 04 12981 2 © Copyright 2003 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. -
Namibia and Windhoek: an Historical Survey Drs Dirk Teeuwen Msc, Holland
Namibia and Windhoek: an historical survey drs Dirk Teeuwen MSc, Holland Contents 1. Founding Windhoek 2. The Oorlam-Afrikaner people 3. The Netherlands, Britain, Germany, South Africa 4. Illustrations 5. Independence 6. A selection of pictures 7. Some portraits, revisited 1 1. Founding Windhoek The name Windhoek is a Dutch-Afrikaans name and means Windy Corner. Maybe German Rhenish missionaries like Hans Kleinschmidt and Carl Hahn called it Windhuk in 1842, when they established a church there. However, the first mention of the name Windhoek occurred in a letter from Jonker Afrikaner to the missionary Joseph Tindall (Wesleyan Mission Society), dated 12 August 1844. Jonker Afrikaner (1785-1861) was born near Tulbagh at Roode Sand in South Africa. and died at Okahandja, South-West Africa after a raid against the Owambo tribes. He was the fourth Captain of the so-called Oorlam- Afrikaner people, also called Oorlam-Nama, in South-West Africa. Oorlam is a Dutch- Afrikaans word which means a small drink of liquor. Jonker Afrikaner 1785-1861, photo Dirk Teeuwen 2008, Museum Swakopmund 2 He succeeded his father, Jager Afrikaner in 1823. Soon after becoming Captain or Captein (in Dutch-Afrikaans language “kapitein”). Soon he left his father’s settlement at Blydeverwacht, in the south-east of modern Namibia. He did so together with three brothers and 350 followers and relocated to today’s central Namibia. From 1825 onwards he and his council played a dominant political role in Damara Country and Namaland (Namaqua, northernly). They created there a real Oorlam-Afrikaner-Nama state. About 1842, Jonker Afrikaner established a settlement at Windhoek. -
Atos De Memória. As Comemorações Herero Em Okahandja, Namíbia
Josué Tomasini Castro Atos de Memória. As comemorações herero em Okahandja, Namíbia Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Antropologia Social. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Wilson Trajano Filho Brasília Departamento de Antropologia - UnB Março de 2009 Agradecimentos Agradecer é certamente relembrar. Neste caso, relembrar pessoas sem as quais as risadas não seriam tão naturais, as lágrimas não valeriam a pena e os obstáculos não seriam vencidos. Sem as quais não haveria encanto, aprendizado e nem sequer essa Brasília tal como aprendi a pensar nela. Espero lembrar de todos, nem que seja colocando a muitos em um saco só. Se alguém for esquecido, desde já minha escusa: relembrar é também esquecer! Antes de tudo devo agradecer àqueles que fizeram de minha estadia em Okahandja um pouco menos solitária: à Wale, Gladys e Timothy, professores nigerianos ‘perdidos’ na Namíbia. Suas companhias foram muito importantes. Ao Silmar Wilbert por ter me aberto o caminho para, em 2005, iniciar minha relação com os hereros. Agradeço também àqueles que me permitiram um maior entendimento deste universo herero: ao Goliat, ao Chefe Supremo Riruako e à família Matuzee em Okondjatu. Agradeço ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CNPQ), cuja bolsa de estudos me permitiu dedicar estes dois anos exclusivamente à vida acadêmica dos quais este trabalho é fruto. Agradeço também a todos os professores e professoras do DAN que, em diferentes momentos desta minha trajetória, cruzaram meu caminho com aulas, conversas, dicas e puxões de orelha. Gostaria de fazer um agradecimento especial à Kelly Cristiane da Silva por sua sensibilidade e apoio. -
LENSES on CAPE IDENTITIES 2016 Edition
Lenses on Cape Identities EXPLORING ROOTS IN SOUTH AFRICA Patric Tariq Mellet First Published by DIBANISA 2009 (2nd Edition 2010) Published & Revised Online 2016 www.camissapeople.wordpress.com [email protected] Publication © Patric Tariq Mellet Text © Patric Tariq Mellet Cover image by Michael Daries All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the copyright owners. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition included in this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. Printed and bound by Kadimah Print ISBN: 978-0-620-49177-8non Cape Identities Exploring Roots in South Africa TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Who do you think you are? (4) 2. The Cape Heritage Lens: An answer in the heart of District Six (14) 3. The Ancestral Heritage Lens: Identity through the lens of the family tree (31) 4. A Historical Lens: Identity informed by loss of life, land, liberty and dignity (55) 5. Racism: Identity and the race and racism discourse (107) 6. The Life Experience Lens: From the ‘Cleaner’s Boy’ to ‘Freedom Fighter’ (120) 7. The Genetic Ancestry Lens: A scientific lens - Distant identity markers in DNA (221) 8. The Group Lens: National cultural groups - African, South African and what? (234) 9. -
National Archives of Namibia Findaid 2/120
National Archives of Namibia Findaid 2/120 Findaid 2/120 A.0002 Hendrik Witbooi Journal I (“The Hendrik Witbooi Diary”) 1884 - 1893 Compiled by Werner Hillebrecht September 2017 National Archives of Namibia Findaid 2/120: A.0002 Hendrik Witbooi Journal I Compiled by Werner Hillebrecht Windhoek, September 2017 © National Archives of Namibia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike CC BY-NC-SA Republic of Namibia Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture National Archives of Namibia P/Bag 13250 Windhoek Namibia Tel. +264–61–2935211 (switchboard), 2935210 or 2935208 (reading room) Fax +264–61–2935207 [email protected] Portrait of Hendrik Witbooi by Theodor Rehbock, 1897 (NAN Photo 01405) ii Findaid 2/120 Introduction A.2 A.0002 Hendrik Witbooi Journal I Contents Introduction - p.3 Listing by page sequence - p.6 Listing sorted by sender/author and date - p.9 Listing sorted by addressee and date - p.12 Listing sorted by date - p.15 Introduction General This accession is one of several letter-copy books kept by Hendrik Witbooi as an administrative record since 1884. It became widely known as The diary of Hendrik Witbooi (Die dagboek van Hendrik Witbooi), although the book contains only three diary entries, while the rest consist of copies of the letters Witbooi sent and received. It covers items dated between 1882 and 1893. Two other Witbooi letter-copy books, and a fragment of a fourth one, are held by the National Archives, in Accession A.0650 (Bremen Papers) and AACLRS.115. Although the letters and the diary notes were certainly authored by Hendrik Witbooi, they were copied into the book by various scribes, among whom Petrus Jod and Samuel Izaak have been identified.