Presentations of Supercells, the Main Updraft Will Be WSR-88D Melting Layer Detection Algorithm Located Approximately Over the “Inflow Notch” That (Giangrande Et Al
25th CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS, 11-14 OCTOBER 2010, DENVER, COLORADO 11.2 POLARIMETRIC RADAR CHARACTERISTICS OF LARGE HAIL Matthew R. Kumjian*1,2,3,4, Joseph C. Picca1,2,3,4, Scott M. Ganson3, Alexander V. Ryzhkov1,2,4, John Krause1,2, Dušan Zrnić2, and Alexander Khain5 1. Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, Norman, OK 2. National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK 3. School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 4. Atmospheric Radar Research Center, Norman, OK 5. Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel 1. INTRODUCTION mixed success, and none has explicitly considered the The advantage of dual-polarization radar data in melting process. In fact, Liu and Chadrasekar (2001) the discrimination of precipitation types has been and Lim et al. (2005) do not define what is meant by demonstrated successfully (e.g., Straka et al. 2000; Liu “large” and “small” hail. To alleviate such confusion, and Chandrasekar 2001; Lim et al. 2005; Park et al. we will use the following definitions: large hail refers 2009; Clabo et al. 2009), including the detection of hail to equivolume diameters in excess of 2.5 cm, and among other precipitation echoes (e.g., Wakimoto and “giant” hail refers to those stones with diameters Bringi 1988; Heinselman and Ryzhkov et al. 2006; exceeding 5.0 cm (2.0”). Depue et al. 2007). Conventional detection of hail This paper will be structured as follows. In section using dual-polarization data is based on the idea that 2, an overview is given of various factors affecting large hail tumbles as it falls, leading to differential scattering properties of hailstones that must be taken reflectivity (ZDR) near 0 dB.
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