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The Appalachian-Ouachita Orogen in the United States

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The Appalachian-Ouachita Orogen in the United States THE APPALACHIAN-OUACHITA OROGEN IN THE UNITED STATES The Geology of North America Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 The Appalachian-Ouachita Orogen in the United States Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 LOCATION OF PHOTOGRAPHS It¥ THE COVER COMPOSITE WITH CREDITS IIS PARENTHESES. 1. Champlain thrust at Low Rock Point near Burlington, Vermont. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 2. Basement-cover contact, east limb of Green Mountains anticlinorium, Vermont. (William A. Thomas) 3. Boudins of amphibolite in granitoid gneiss, southern Hew Hampshire. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 4. Ordovician-Devonian metasedimentary rocks, Pemaquid Point, Maine. (William A. Thomas) 5. Taconic unconformity at Kingston, New York. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 6. Disharmonic folds in Ordovician shale and limestone in the Giddings Brook slice of the Taconic allochthons near Whitehall, new York. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 7. Ordovician wildflysch near Troy, New York. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 8. Kink folds in Waloomsack phyllite (Ordovician) near Eagle Bridge, New York. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 9. Granulite facies garnet-cordierite-sillimanite gneiss (metamorphosed Lower Silurian pelite), western Massachusetts. (Peter Robinson) 10. Noncylindrical folds in Pennsylvanian sandstone and shale near Rockwood, Tennessee. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 11. Saltville fault in Knoxville, Tennessee. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 12. Shenandoah River, Virginia. (William A. Thomas) 13. Delaware Water Gap, Pennsylvania-New Jersey. (William A. Thomas) 14. Sole marks, Atoka Formation, Ouachita Mountains, Oklahoma. (George W. Viele) 15. Silurian synsedimentary fault, southeast limb of Birmingham anticlinorium, Alabama. (William A. Thomas) 16. Buckle folds in Middle Ordovician calcareous sandstone near Pumpkin Center, Tennessee. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 17. Shuttle 17 photo of the central Appalachians of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and northern Virginia. (NASA STS 27 44 036; William R. Muehlberger) 18. Cockeysville Marble, Woodville nappe, Pennsylvania. (William A. Thomas) 19. Ridges of Caballos Novaculite in fold-thrust belt, Marathon region, Texas. (William A. Thomas) 20. South-facing recumbent fold with strong axial plane cleavage, Benton uplift, Arkansas. (George W. Viele) 21. Fold in Wilhite Formation slate and limestone on Chilhowee Reservoir near Tallassee, Tennessee. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 22. Tilloid in Mt. Rogers Formation (Upper Proterozoic) near Mt. Rogers, southwestern Virginia. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 23. Oblique aerial view toward the northeast of Pena Blanca Mountains toward the Lightning Hills, Marathon, Texas. (William R. Muehlberger) 24. George Viele in the Maumelle chaotic zone, Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas. (William A. Thomas) 25. Contact between light (felsic-rich) and dark (biotite-rich) mylonite from the Towaliga fault near Indian Springs, Georgia. Width of field is approximately 3 mm. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) 26. Passive-flow folds in saprolite of amphibolite (brown) and granitoid gneiss (white) in the Inner Piedmont near Westminster, South Carolina. (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 ERRATA The following four items were erroneously printed. Please replace them on the appropriate pages of your book. EXPLANATION FOR BASE MAP I Page 239 Figure 2. Comparison of conventional K-Ar mica ages (largely biotite) with the grade of Devonian (Acadian) regional metamorphism in the northern U.S. Appalachians (modified from Zartman and others, 1970; #>360 Ma, ©260-360 Ma, 0<260 Ma). Isograds compiled from Robinson (1983), Pase 420 Guidotti and others (1983), and Sutter and others (1985): G = garnet; S-M = sillimanite + muscovite/ staurolite (tick marks on high grade side); NB = Narragansett Basin. Major faults are indicated: HH = Honey Hill; T = Tatnic; CN = Clinton-Newbury; LC = Lake Char; BB = Bloody Bluff; HV = Hope Valley Shear Zone. Area of Figure 5 is outlined. Figure 3. Simplified geologic map of the southwestern Narragansett basin and adjacent portions of the Dedham, Hope Valley, Putnam-Nashoba, and Bronson-Merrimack zones (compiled from Quinn, 1971; Murray and Skehan, 1979; Wintsch, 1979; O'Hara and Gromet, 1985; Hermes and Zartman, 1985): BHF = Beaver Head fault. Metamorphic isograds within the Narragansett basin adapted from Murray and Skehan (1979): B = biotite, G = garnet, ST = staurolite, K = kyanite, S = sillimanite + muscovite Pa 2e 422 (tick marks on high grade side). 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of hornblende (H), biotite (B), and whole-rock slate or phyllite samples (W) reported by Dallmeyer (1982), Sutter and Wintsch (1985), and Dallmeyer (unpublished) are located. Locations of Sterling Group samples displaying highly discordant U-Pb zircon analyses with lower concordia intercept dates of c. 275 Ma are indicated ( #); Hermes, Gromet and Zartman, 1981). Also shown are the locations of Esmond Group ( ©) and Devonian Scituate Granite ( O) samples that record nearly concordant U-Pb zircon ages (Hermes, Gromet and Zartman, 1981). Pa°e 549 PRESENT STRUCTURES THRUST FAULT ANTICLINE Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 The Geology of North America Volume F-2 The Appalachian-Ouachita Orogen in the United States Edited by Robert D. Hatcher, Jr. Department of Geological Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1410 William A. Thomas Department of Geology University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487 George W. Viele Department of Geology University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri 65211 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 Acknowledgment Publication of this volume, one of the synthesis volumes of The Decade of North American Geology Project series, has been made possible by members and friends of the Geological Society of America, corporations, and government agencies through contributions to the Decade of North American Geology fund of the Geological Society of America Foundation. Following is a list of individuals, corporations, and government agencies giving and/or pledging more than $50,000 in support of the DNAG Project: Amoco Production Company Pennzoil Exploration and ARCO Exploration Company Production Company Chevron Corporation Phillips Petroleum Company Cities Service Oil and Gas Company Shell Oil Company Diamond Shamrock Exploration Caswell Silver Corporation Standard Oil Production Company Exxon Production Research Company Sun Exploration and Production Company Getty Oil Company Superior Oil Company Gulf Oil Exploration and Production Tenneco Oil Company Company Texaco, Inc. Paul V. Hoovler Union Oil Company of California Kennecott Minerals Company Union Pacific Corporation and Kerr McGee Corporation its operating companies: Marathon Oil Company Union Pacific Resources Company Maxus Energy Corporation Union Pacific Railroad Company McMoRan Oil and Gas Company Upland Industries Corporation Mobil Oil Corporation U.S. Department of Energy Occidental Petroleum Corporation ® 1989 by The Geological Society of America, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publlcation Data All rights reserved. The Appalachian-Ouachita orogen in the United States / edited by Robert D. Hatcher, Jr., William A. Thomas, George W. Viele. All materials subject to this copyright and included p. cm. — (The Geology of North America ; v. F-2 Includes bibliographical references. in this volume may be photocopied for the noncommercial ISBN 0-8137-5209-4 purpose of scientific or educational advancement. 1. Geology—Appalachian Mountains. 2. Geology—Ouachita Mountains (Ark. and Okla.) 3. Appalachian Mountains. 4. Ouachita Mountains (Ark. and Okla.) I. Hatcher, Robert D., 1940- . II. Thomas, Copyright is not claimed on any material prepared William A., 1946- . IE. Viele, George W. IV. Geological Society by government employees within the scope of their of America. V. Series. QE71.G48 1986 vol. F-2 employment. [QE78.3] 557 s—dc20 Published by The Geological Society of America, Inc. [557.4] 89-23732 3300 Penrose Place, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, Colorado 80301 CIP Printed in U.S.A. iv Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3733404/9780813754529_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 Contents Preface ix Foreword xi 1. Appalachians introduction 1 Robert D. Hatcher, Jr. 2. Pre-orogenic terranes 7 D. W. Rankin, A. A. Drake, Jr., L. Glover III, R. Goldsmith, Leo M. Hall, D. P. Murray, N. M. Ratcliffe, J. F. Read, D. T. Secor, Jr., and R. S. Stanley 3. The Taconic orogen 101 Avery Ala Drake, Jr., A. K. Sinha, Jo Laird, and R. E. Guy 4. The Acadian orogen 179 Philip H. Osberg, James F. Tull, Peter Robinson, Rudolph Hon, and J. Robert Butler 5. Alleghanian orogen 233 Robert D. Hatcher, Jr., William A. Thomas, Peter A. Geiser, Arthur W. Snoke, Sharon Mosher, and David V. Wiltschko 6. Post-Paleozoic activity 319 Warren Manspeizer, Jelle DeBoer, John K. Costain,
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