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Lecture Slide ANDROID APP DEVELOPMENT Electronics Club, IIT KANPUR ANDROID Open software platform for mobile development Open source under the Apache 2 license Uses the Dalvik virtual machines – Dex files – Compact and efficient than class files – Limited memory and battery power Fast application development in Java FEATURES Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine 2D and 3D graphics SQLite for structured data storage Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi (hardware dependent) Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer (hardware dependent) DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Eclipse IDE Android SDK Android ADT plugin APPLICATION FUNDAMENTALS Written in JAVA programming language. Each app has its own virtual machine (VM), so an application's code runs in isolation from other applications but one can share data between applications. Application Components Activities Services Content Providers Intents and Intent filters ACTIVITY Typically correspond to one UI screen An application is composed of several activities. A different application can also start any one of these activities (if the application allows it) This allows us to use the pre-existing apps for doing certain tasks. SERVICES Components that run in the background A service does not provide a user interface Used to perform long-running operations CONTENT PROVIDERS Enables sharing of data across applications E.g. address book, photo gallery Provides uniform APIs for: querying delete, update and insert. INTENTS Think of Intents as a verb and object; a description of what you want done E.g. VIEW, CALL, PLAY etc.. System matches Intent with Activity that can best provide the service Activities and Intent Receivers describe what Intents they can service INTENT RECEIVERS Components that respond to broadcast ‘Intents’ Way to respond to external notification or alarms Apps can invent and broadcast their own Intent CREATING AN ACTIVITY Declare the activity in manifest file Important Callbacks onCreate() onPause() Now, its time to implement the user interface COMPONENTS FOR UI Layout Defined using an XML file Widgets View object that serves as an interface for interaction with the user. .
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