Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine Vol. 48 No. 5 Supplement S117 B-03 Highlighted Symposium - Physical Activity, 549 June 1, 1:55 PM - 2:10 PM Sports or Fitness: Fighting Fatness or Promoting Exercise for Kids and Teens: Let’s NOT Talk Finding Enjoyment? The Youth Dilemma About Weight Angela S. Alberga1, Ronald J. Sigal1, Glen P. Kenny2, Denis Wednesday, June 1, 2016, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM Prud’homme3, Gary Goldfield4. 1University of Calgary, Calgary, Room: 304 AB, Canada. 2University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 3Montfort Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 546 Chair: Erica M. Taylor, FACSM. Delaware State University, 4Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Dover, DE. (No relationships reported) (No relationships reported) With high rates of physical inactivity and obesity, children and youth are growing up Youth participation in sport and exercise is continuing to divide into under participators in a culture that emphasizes exercise as a means to prevent or treat obesity. However, and over participators. How to bring youth to a safe, physically and psychologically exercise interventions with youth have yielded poor success in reducing obesity. In healthy level of participation will be addressed from Achievement Motivation Theory addition, weight-based stigma has increased in frequency and intensity over the last and Self-Determination Theory perspectives. The overarching tenants of these two few decades. There is evidence to suggest that youth may avoid exercise in many motivational theories and their consistent results across sport, exercise, and physical physical activity settings if they feel self-conscious or if they experience weight- education will be presented to set the foundation for recent research results focusing based teasing, which can further reduce exercise participation. An individualized on: 1) fostering youth participation through enjoyment, 2) promoting positive youth exercise program and support from fitness trainers might be instrumental in promoting development through sport, and 3) decreasing the risks of over participation. exercise in self-conscious youth, such as those living with obesity, but little research has examined the physiological and psychosocial effects of different modalities 547 June 1, 1:05 PM - 1:40 PM of exercise in this population. PURPOSE: 1. To determine the effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on body weight and composition. 2. To determine 2016 JUNE 1, WEDNESDAY, Keynote - Physical Activity is Medicine for Youth but factors associated with adherence in this trial METHODS: 304 inactive postpubertal its Best Consumed in Moderate Doses and Yummy adolescents with obesity were randomized to 6-month of aerobic exercise training, Flavors resistance exercise training, combined exercise training or a non-exercise control. Michelle Fortier. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Physiological (body weight, body mass index (BMI), lean mass, fat mass, percent body fat, aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors) and (No relationships reported) psychosocial (body image, self-esteem, mood and eating behaviors) outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 6-months (post-intervention). RESULTS: Despite no 548 June 1, 1:40 PM - 1:55 PM changes in body weight and BMI, participants in the combined training group reduced Examining the Importance of Intentionally Structuring percent body fat, improved fitness, body image and mood. The only significant the Youth Sport Context to Foster Needs Support and predictors of low exercise adherence were body image, depressed and confused mood. Positive Youth Development CONCLUSION: The largest exercise intervention in adolescents with obesity showed that participation in a structured exercise program confers health benefits without Corliss N. Bean, Tanya Forneris, Michelle Fortier. University of changes in body weight. During the critical period of adolescence, exercise should be Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. promoted for overall health and wellbeing without focusing on body weight. (No relationships reported) 550 June 1, 2:10 PM - 2:45 PM Sport has been identified as a favorable environment in which to promote positive Keynote - How Leaders Can Promote or Thwart youth development (PYD) as sport programming has been identified as the most Enjoyment & Participation popular extra-curricular activity for youth across North America. However, researchers argue that the context of sport must be intentionally structured to yield positive E. Whitney G. Moore. University of North Texas, Denton, TX. psychosocial outcomes. Environments that foster the three basic psychological Reported Relationships: E.G. Moore: Honoraria; ACSM. needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness have also been found to aid in positive psychological development. Moreover, deliberately teaching life skills has been identified as a critical component that can aid in the enhancement of PYD within sport programs. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine B-04 Highlighted Symposium - Respiratory differences in program quality, basic needs support, and PYD outcomes across Limitations to Exercise: Too Young, Too Old, three youth programming contexts (intentional sport, non-intentional sport, and Too Bad? intentional leadership) pertaining to the importance of intentionally teaching life skills. METHODS: Researchers conducted 184 observations to assess program Wednesday, June 1, 2016, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM quality across 26 youth programs. Within these programs, 377 youth completed three Room: 312 questionnaires that measured perceptions of program quality, basic needs support, and PYD outcomes. RESULTS: Results indicated intentionally structured programs 551 Chair: J. Richard Coast, FACSM. Northern Arizona scored higher on program quality, basic needs support, and PYD outcomes than non- University, Flagstaff, AZ. intentionally structured programs, with intentional sport programs scoring significantly higher on some measures of program quality, basic needs support, and PYD than (No relationships reported) intentionally structured leadership programs. CONCLUSION: Understanding that it is important to intentionally teach life skills can help scholars working on the ground This highlighted symposium will focus on cardiorespiratory responses to exercise with stakeholders, particularly sport administrators involved in coach education and through the lifespan. In addition to highlighting the known impacts of sex, maturation the development and evaluation of sport programs, to be able to improve applied and aging on the cardiorespiratory system responses to exercise, novel data on the practice. The knowledge derived from this research has the potential to inform how impacts and interactions of age, sex and preterm birth on exercise capacity and the context of youth sport should be structured to ensure that the sport context is one cardiorespiratory responses to exercise will be explored. The topics covered in this that not only of high quality, but also facilitates rather than inhibits needs support session will have direct applications for clinicians, exercise professionals and exercise and positive developmental outcomes in youth. Supported by the Social Sciences and physiologists. Humanities Research Council of Canada. 552 June 1, 1:05 PM - 1:40 PM Keynote - Small Babies, Big Problems: Limitations to Exercise in Children and Adults with a History of Preterm Birth Andrew T. Lovering. University of Oregon, Eugene, OR. (No relationships reported) Abstracts were prepared by the authors and printed as submitted. S118 Vol. 48 No. 5 Supplement MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE® 553 June 1, 1:40 PM - 1:55 PM to accommodate the increases in cardiac output that occur during exercise in both Age and Sex Differences in the Mechanical Ventilatory normoxic and hypoxic conditions compared to CON and BPD. Support: American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant Response to Exercise Yannick Molgat-Seon. University of British Columbia, 555 June 1, 2:10 PM - 2:45 PM Vancouver, BC, Canada. Keynote - Cardiopulmonary Limitations and Sex (No relationships reported) Differences in Exercising Children and Adolescents Normative aging involves a progressive reduction in pulmonary function, resulting in Craig A. Harms, FACSM. Kansas State University, Manhattan, mechanical ventilatory constraints during exercise. When matched for lung size, young KS. women appear to have smaller conducting airways than men, which is associated (No relationships reported) with a higher work of breathing (WOB) and a propensity towards expiratory flow limitation (EFL) during exercise. However, the combined effects of aging and sex upon the mechanical ventilatory response to exercise have not been assessed. Purpose: To determine if aging affects sex-based differences in the mechanical ventilatory B-15 Basic Science World Congress - Thematic response to exercise previously observed in young subjects. Hypotheses: i) older Poster - Energy Balance: Innovative women have a higher WOB for a given ventilation (VE) compared to older men, Approaches and ii) older women experience EFL more frequently and at lower relative exercise intensities than older men. Methods: 14 healthy older subjects (60-80 years, n=9 men) Wednesday, June 1, 2016, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM and 15 healthy younger subjects (20-40 years, n=7 men) completed detailed pulmonary Room: 103 function testing and a maximal incremental cycle exercise test on two occasions. During