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Felis Silvestris, Wild Cat
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T60354712A50652361 Felis silvestris, Wild Cat Assessment by: Yamaguchi, N., Kitchener, A., Driscoll, C. & Nussberger, B. View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: Yamaguchi, N., Kitchener, A., Driscoll, C. & Nussberger, B. 2015. Felis silvestris. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T60354712A50652361. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T60354712A50652361.en Copyright: © 2015 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information -
Appendix I – Avifauna Scoping Study
SOLARRESERVE ARRIESFONTEIN SOLAR POWER PLANT: PHOTOVOLTAIC PHASE 1 - 3 Appendix I – Avifauna Scoping Study Page 250 260380PWE : 1 Rev A : 2012-03-05 PROPOSED ARRIESFONTEIN SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY POWER PLANT DEVELOPMENT SPECIALIST AVIFAUNAL IMPACT ASSESMENT SCOPING REPORT November 2011 Andrew Pearson Endangered Wildlife Trust 011 486 1102 [email protected] EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Solar Reserve SA (Pty) Ltd is planning a Solar Thermal Energy Power Plant (or otherwise known as a Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant), as well as a multi-phase Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Project, within a single development site in the Northern Cape, South Africa. The Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT) was subsequently appointed to conduct an avifaunal specialist study. Very few CSP plants have been constructed worldwide to date, and knowledge on the associated avifaunal impacts remains limited. The site consists mainly of uniform, arid vegetation types. Few permanent water bodies were observed on site. The proposed site falls within the Quarter Degree Grid Square (QDGS), 2823BD, while data from three additional squares, 2823BA, 2823BB, and 2823BC was also considered due to their close proximity to the site. The South African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP) recorded 12 Red Listed Species (Harrison et al, 1997), across all four squares, of which 5 are classified as Vulnerable, and 7 as Near Threatened. One additional species, the White Stork, is also included as it is protected internationally under the Bonn Convention on Migratory Species. Various other species relevant to the project were identified and include raptors, doves, pigeons and aerial foragers such as swallows and swifts. In general, SABAP2 data showed low counting effort for study site and immediate surrounds. -
African Wildcat 1 African Wildcat
African Wildcat 1 African Wildcat African Wildcat[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Felis Species: F. silvestris Subspecies: F. s. lybica Trinomial name Felis silvestris lybica Forster, 1770 The African wildcat (Felis silvestris lybica), also known as the desert cat, and Vaalboskat (Vaal-forest-cat) in Afrikaans, is a subspecies of the wildcat (F. silvestris). They appear to have diverged from the other subspecies about 131,000 years ago.[2] Some individual F. s. lybica were first domesticated about 10,000 years ago in the Middle East, and are among the ancestors of the domestic cat. Remains of domesticated cats have been included in human burials as far back as 9,500 years ago in Cyprus.[3] [4] Physical characteristics The African wildcat is sandy brown to yellow-grey in color, with black stripes on the tail. The fur is shorter than that of the European subspecies. It is also considerably smaller: the head-body length is 45 to 75 cm (17.7 to 29.5 inches), the tail 20 to 38 cm (7.87 to 15 inches), and the weight ranges from 3 to 6.5 kg (6.61 to 14.3 lbs). Distribution and habitat The African wildcat is found in Africa and in the Middle East, in a wide range of habitats: steppes, savannas and bushland. The sand cat (Felis margarita) is the species found in even more arid areas. Skull African Wildcat 2 Behaviour The African wildcat eats primarily mice, rats and other small mammals. When the opportunity arises, it also eats birds, reptiles, amphibians, and insects. -
Tc & Forward & Owls-I-IX
USDA Forest Service 1997 General Technical Report NC-190 Biology and Conservation of Owls of the Northern Hemisphere Second International Symposium February 5-9, 1997 Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Editors: James R. Duncan, Zoologist, Manitoba Conservation Data Centre Wildlife Branch, Manitoba Department of Natural Resources Box 24, 200 Saulteaux Crescent Winnipeg, MB CANADA R3J 3W3 <[email protected]> David H. Johnson, Wildlife Ecologist Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 600 Capitol Way North Olympia, WA, USA 98501-1091 <[email protected]> Thomas H. Nicholls, retired formerly Project Leader and Research Plant Pathologist and Wildlife Biologist USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, MN, USA 55108-6148 <[email protected]> I 2nd Owl Symposium SPONSORS: (Listing of all symposium and publication sponsors, e.g., those donating $$) 1987 International Owl Symposium Fund; Jack Israel Schrieber Memorial Trust c/o Zoological Society of Manitoba; Lady Grayl Fund; Manitoba Hydro; Manitoba Natural Resources; Manitoba Naturalists Society; Manitoba Critical Wildlife Habitat Program; Metro Propane Ltd.; Pine Falls Paper Company; Raptor Research Foundation; Raptor Education Group, Inc.; Raptor Research Center of Boise State University, Boise, Idaho; Repap Manitoba; Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada; USDI Bureau of Land Management; USDI Fish and Wildlife Service; USDA Forest Service, including the North Central Forest Experiment Station; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; The Wildlife Society - Washington Chapter; Wildlife Habitat Canada; Robert Bateman; Lawrence Blus; Nancy Claflin; Richard Clark; James Duncan; Bob Gehlert; Marge Gibson; Mary Houston; Stuart Houston; Edgar Jones; Katherine McKeever; Robert Nero; Glenn Proudfoot; Catherine Rich; Spencer Sealy; Mark Sobchuk; Tom Sproat; Peter Stacey; and Catherine Thexton. -
The Bustards the Bustards
EndangeredEndangered BirdsBirds ofof BOTSWANA:BOTSWANA: TheThe BustardsBustards Commemorative Stamp Issue: August 2017 BOTSWANA BOTSWANA P5.00 P7.00 KATLEGO BALOI KATLEGO KATLEGO BALOI KATLEGO Red-crested Korhaan & Black-Bellied Bustard Northern Black Korhaan BOTSWANA BOTSWANA P9.00 P10.00 O R O B N E A G KATLEGO BALOI KATLEGO 0 7 BALOI KATLEGO 1 . 0 8 . 1 Denham’s Bustard Ludwig’s Bustard Endangered Birds of Botswana THE BUSTARDS ORDER: Otidiformes FAMILY: Otididae Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with “fingered” wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. (source: Wikipedia) DID YOU KNOW? The national bird of Botswana is the Kori Bustard KGORI /KORI BUSTARD/ Ardeotis kori and Chick Kori Bustard B 50t Botswana’s national bird. These bustards are the O largest and heaviest of the worlds’ flying birds. T S Found in open treeless areas throughout Botswana, W A they unfortunately have become scarce outside N protected areas, largely because people still kill A KATLEGO BALOI them to eat, despite it being illegal to hunt Kori Bustards in Botswana. They walk over the ground with long strides rather than to fly; indeed, results of satellite tracking in Central Kalahari Game Reserve showed most birds hardly moved beyond a 20 km radius in 2 years! (NO SPECIFIC SETSWANA NAME)/BLACK-BELLIED BOTSWANA KOORHAN/ Lissotis melanogaster P5.00 This bustard is found only in northern Botswana. -
1 the Origin and Evolution of the Domestic Cat
1 The Origin and Evolution of the Domestic Cat There are approximately 40 different species of the cat family, classification Felidae (Table 1.1), all of which are descended from a leopard-like predator Pseudaelurus that existed in South-east Asia around 11 million years ago (O’Brien and Johnson, 2007). Other than the domestic cat, the most well known of the Felidae are the big cats such as lions, tigers and panthers, sub-classification Panthera. But the cat family also includes a large number of small cats, including a group commonly known as the wildcats, sub-classification Felis silvestris (Table 1.2). Physical similarity suggests that the domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus) originally derived from one or more than one of these small wildcats. DNA examination shows that it is most closely related to the African wildcat (Felis silvestris lybica), which has almost identical DNA, indicating that the African wildcat is the domestic cat’s primary ancestor (Lipinski et al., 2008). The African Wildcat The African wildcat is still in existence today and is a solitary and highly territorial animal indigenous to areas of North Africa and the Near East, the region where domestication of the cat is believed to have first taken place (Driscoll et al., 2007; Faure and Kitchener, 2009). It is primarily a nocturnal hunter that preys mainly on rodents but it will also eat insects, reptiles and other mammals including the young of small antelopes. Also known as the Arabian or North African wildcat, it is similar in appearance to a domestic tabby, with a striped grey/sandy-coloured coat, but is slightly larger and with longer legs (Fig. -
Savannah Cat’ ‘Savannah the Including Serval Hybrids Felis Catus (Domestic Cat), (Serval) and (Serval) Hybrids Of
Invasive animal risk assessment Biosecurity Queensland Agriculture Fisheries and Department of Serval hybrids Hybrids of Leptailurus serval (serval) and Felis catus (domestic cat), including the ‘savannah cat’ Anna Markula, Martin Hannan-Jones and Steve Csurhes First published 2009 Updated 2016 © State of Queensland, 2016. The Queensland Government supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of its information. The copyright in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY) licence. You must keep intact the copyright notice and attribute the State of Queensland as the source of the publication. Note: Some content in this publication may have different licence terms as indicated. For more information on this licence visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0/au/deed.en" http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en Front cover: Close-up of a 4-month old F1 Savannah cat. Note the occelli on the back of the relaxed ears, and the tear-stain markings which run down the side of the nose. Photo: Jason Douglas. Image from Wikimedia Commons under a Public Domain Licence. Invasive animal risk assessment: Savannah cat Felis catus (hybrid of Leptailurus serval) 2 Contents Introduction 4 Identity of taxa under review 5 Identification of hybrids 8 Description 10 Biology 11 Life history 11 Savannah cat breed history 11 Behaviour 12 Diet 12 Predators and diseases 12 Legal status of serval hybrids including savannah cats (overseas) 13 Legal status of serval hybrids including savannah cats -
Winter Thermoregulation in Free-Ranging Pearl-Spotted Owlets and African Scops-Owls
149 Do Owls Use Torpor? Winter Thermoregulation in Free-Ranging Pearl-Spotted Owlets and African Scops-Owls Ben Smit* 6,500 g, and in a much wider variety of ecological contexts Andrew E. McKechnie† than previously thought (Ko¨rtner et al. 2000; McKechnie and DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Lovegrove 2002). Within the Coraciiformes, for instance, het- Institute, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental erothermy occurs in both the smallest and largest representa- Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, tives, namely, the 5-g Puerto Rican tody Todus mexicanus and Wits 2050, South Africa the 360-g laughing kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae (Merola- Zwartjes and Ligon 2000; Cooper et al. 2008). Accepted 3/6/2009; Electronically Published 11/24/2009 Torpor, often defined as a reduction in rest-phase Tb below 30ЊC (Hudson 1978; Reinertsen 1996; Schleucher 2001; re- viewed by Barclay et al. 2001), appears to be particularly im- portant in offsetting the energetic costs of thermoregulation in ABSTRACT birds whose food resources exhibit large spatial or temporal Numerous avian taxa use torpor, which involves pronounced fluctuations in availability, for example, frugivores (Coliidae reductions in body temperature (Tb) to below normothermic and Columbidae), nectarivores (Trochilidae and Nectariniidae), levels. However, the occurrence of this phenomenon in owls and insectivores (Todidae, Apodidae, Caprimulgidae, and Hi- (Strigidae) remains largely unknown. We investigated winter rundinidae; McKechnie and Lovegrove 2002; Schleucher 2004). patterns of thermoregulation in the crepuscular 80-g pearl- However, to better understand the adaptive value and evolution spotted owlet Glaucidium perlatum and the strictly nocturnal of avian torpor, a more thorough assessment of the phylogenetic 61-g African scops-owl Otus senegalensis by obtaining telemetric distribution of this trait is needed (McKechnie and Lovegrove measurements of skin temperature (Tskin) from free-ranging 2002; Schleucher 2004). -
Origin of the Egyptian Domestic Cat
UPTEC X 12 012 Examensarbete 30 hp Juni 2012 Origin of the Egyptian Domestic Cat Carolin Johansson Molecular Biotechnology Programme Uppsala University School of Engineering UPTEC X 12 012 Date of issue 2012-06 Author Carolin Johansson Title (English) Origin of the Egyptian Domestic Cat Title (Swedish) Abstract This study presents mitochondrial genome sequences from 22 Egyptian house cats with the aim of resolving the uncertain origin of the contemporary world-wide population of Domestic cats. Together with data from earlier studies it has been possible to confirm some of the previously suggested haplotype identifications and phylogeny of the Domestic cat lineage. Moreover, by applying a molecular clock, it is proposed that the Domestic cat lineage has experienced several expansions representing domestication and/or breeding in pre-historical and historical times, seemingly in concordance with theories of a domestication origin in the Neolithic Middle East and in Pharaonic Egypt. In addition, the present study also demonstrates the possibility of retrieving long polynucleotide sequences from hair shafts and a time-efficient way to amplify a complete feline mitochondrial genome. Keywords Feline domestication, cat in ancient Egypt, mitochondrial genome, Felis silvestris libyca Supervisors Anders Götherström Uppsala University Scientific reviewer Jan Storå Stockholm University Project name Sponsors Language Security English Classification ISSN 1401-2138 Supplementary bibliographical information Pages 123 Biology Education Centre Biomedical Center Husargatan 3 Uppsala Box 592 S-75124 Uppsala Tel +46 (0)18 4710000 Fax +46 (0)18 471 4687 Origin of the Egyptian Domestic Cat Carolin Johansson Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Det är inte sedan tidigare känt exakt hur, när och var tamkatten domesticerades. -
South Africa Mega Birding Tour I 6Th to 30Th January 2018 (25 Days) Trip Report
South Africa Mega Birding Tour I 6th to 30th January 2018 (25 days) Trip Report Aardvark by Mike Bacon Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Wayne Jones Rockjumper Birding Tours View more tours to South Africa Trip Report – RBT South Africa - Mega I 2018 2 Tour Summary The beauty of South Africa lies in its richness of habitats, from the coastal forests in the east, through subalpine mountain ranges and the arid Karoo to fynbos in the south. We explored all of these and more during our 25-day adventure across the country. Highlights were many and included Orange River Francolin, thousands of Cape Gannets, multiple Secretarybirds, stunning Knysna Turaco, Ground Woodpecker, Botha’s Lark, Bush Blackcap, Cape Parrot, Aardvark, Aardwolf, Caracal, Oribi and Giant Bullfrog, along with spectacular scenery, great food and excellent accommodation throughout. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Despite havoc-wreaking weather that delayed flights on the other side of the world, everyone managed to arrive (just!) in South Africa for the start of our keenly-awaited tour. We began our 25-day cross-country exploration with a drive along Zaagkuildrift Road. This unassuming stretch of dirt road is well-known in local birding circles and can offer up a wide range of species thanks to its variety of habitats – which include open grassland, acacia woodland, wetlands and a seasonal floodplain. After locating a handsome male Northern Black Korhaan and African Wattled Lapwings, a Northern Black Korhaan by Glen Valentine -
Namibia & the Okavango
Pel’s Fishing Owl - a pair was found on a wooded island south of Shakawe (Jan-Ake Alvarsson) NAMIBIA & THE OKAVANGO 21 SEPTEMBER – 8 OCTOBER 2017 LEADER: STEVE BRAINE For most of the country the previous three years drought had been broken and although too early for the mi- grants we did however do very well with birding generally. We searched and found all the near endemics as well as the endemic Dune Lark. Besides these we also had a new write-in for the trip! In the floodplains after observing a wonderful Pel’s Fishing Owl we travelled down a side channel of the Okavango River to look for Pygmy Geese, we were lucky and came across several pairs before reaching a dried-out floodplain. Four birds flew out of the reedbeds and looked rather different to the normal weavers of which there were many, a closer look at the two remaining birds revealed a beautiful pair of Cuckoo Finches. These we all enjoyed for a brief period before they followed the other birds which had now disappeared into the reedbeds. Very strong winds on three of the birding days made birding a huge challenge to say the least after not finding the rare and difficult Herero Chat we had to make alternate arrangements at another locality later in the trip. The entire tour from the Hosea Kutako International Airport outside the capital Windhoek and returning there nineteen days later delivered 375 species. Out of these, four birds were seen only by the leader, a further three species were heard but not seen. -
Table S2 RABV Sequences Used for Phylogenetic Analysis with African Civet Sequences (Figure 2)
Table S2 RABV sequences used for phylogenetic analysis with African civet sequences (Figure 2). All are complete N gene sequences unless indicated otherwise. Sequences used in Figure 3 Bayesian host trait analysis are underlined. GenBank ID Original ID Country Host Year Isolated RABV Variant AB284514 ZAMRAV23/0 Zambia Dog 2004 Africa 1 4 Canid AF467949 710/90 RSA Cynictis penicillata 1990 Africa 3 Mongoose DQ837461 S1-81 Egypt Dog 1999 Africa 4 DQ837462 S2-81 Egypt Dog 1999 Africa 4 DQ837463 S3-81 Egypt Dog 1999 Africa 4 EU718759 Chad_71_164 Chad Dog 2005 Africa 2 EU853569 9016MAR Morocco Dog 1990 Africa 2 EU835375 Tunisia Human 1986 Africa 2 EU853581 8808ETH Ethiopia Dog 1988 Africa 1 Canid EU853586 07128RCA CAR Dog 2003 Africa 2 FJ392366 19-92 RSA Mongoose 1992 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392367 22107 Zim Slender Mongoose 2001 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392368 23-01 RSA Meerkat 2001 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392369 28-00 RSA Slender Mongoose 2000 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392370 30-00 RSA Bovine 2000 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392371 32-02 RSA Yellow Mongoose 2002 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392372 113-91 RSA Atilux paludinosus 1991 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392373 155-03 RSA Slender Mongoose 2003 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392374 211-98 RSA Canine 1998 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392375 221-98 RSA Suricata suricatta 1998 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392376 228-01 RSA Sheep 2001 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392377 279-99 RSA Yellow Mongoose 1999 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392378 344-99 RSA Yellow Mongoose 1999 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392379 364-96 RSA Mongoose 1996 Africa 3 Mongoose FJ392380 381-06 RSA Yellow Mongoose 2006