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CENSUS OF INDIA OCCASIONAL P APER-1 OF 1981 KARNATAKA Uninhabited villages of Mysore CENSUS DIVISION Office of the Registrar General, India Ministry of Home Affairs New Delhi CONTENTS Pages Foreword Introduction Chapater I Scope and Object of the Study 2 Chapter II Procedure followed for Collecting and Shifting Data 3-5 Chapter III Bangalore District 6-15 Chapter IV Chickmagalur District 16-20 Chapter V Chitradurga District 21-29 Chapter VI Hassan District 30--38 Chapter VII Kolar District 39-52 Chapter VIII Mandya District 53-58 Chapter IX Mysore District 59-67 Chapter X Shimoga District 68-79 Chapter XI Tumkur District 80-90 Chapter XII Consolidated picture for the Nine Districts 91-99 Chapter XIII Shifted and Merged Villages 100 Chapter XIV Never Inhabited Villages 101-105 Chapter XV Abandoned Villages 106-110 Chapter XVI Villages with Transient Population 111 Chapter XVII Conclusion 112 SERIAL ORDER OF MAPS Map No. Title of the map 1. Number of never inhabited and abandoned villages in each district and the intensity of net work of roads 2. Number of never inhabited and abandoned villages III each district and the percentage of area under forest 3. Map showing the incidence of abandoned villages and the taluks worst affected by Plague between 1896 and 1911 4. Map showing the incidence of abandoned villages and the taluks where Malaria was endemic prior to the N.M.E. Programme 5. Map showing the incidence of abandoned villages and the taluks worst affected by the Influenza epidemic of 1918-1919 6. Map showing the incidence of abandoned villages and the taluks identified as drought affected by the irrigation commission 1972 7. Harihar village-Area merged in Harihar Town 8. Mahajenahalli-Area merged in Harihar Town 9. Devara Hosahalli-Area merged in Gauribidanur Town 10. Malur village-Area merged in Malur Town 11. Mulabagal village-Area merged in Mulabagal Town 12. Maragondana village-Area merged in Mysore City 13. Gubbi village-Area merged in Gubbi Town 14. Sira Village-Area merged in Sira Town FOREWORD At the IASP Bangalore Conference, Prof. Ashok Mitra of lawaharlal Nehru University requested Shri K. Balasubramanyam to undertake an analysis of uninhabited villages of Karnataka from 1872 to 1971. Uptil now, no work seem) to h:we been done on what the censuses have been returning as uninhabited villages. Shri Balasubramanyam, who is a veteran in the field of census, having been Superintendent of Census Operations of the then Mysore State during the 1961 Census, readily agreed to take up this analysis. The Indian Council of Social Science Research, New Delhi came forward to support the project. Shri Balasubramanyam has, with his customary thorou­ ghness, prepared the monograph. The Registrar General's Office undertook to publish this volume and the present work is the product of a collaborative project between the Indian Council of Social Science Research, lawaharlal Nehru University and Registrar General of India. This monograph is a useful addition to the stream of Census publications and we trust breaks new ground. P. PADMANABHA Registrar General, India New Delhi May 31,1980 I ~ \ INTRODUCTION [his study was undertaken on the suggestion Shri P. Padmanabha. formerly Director of made by Dr. Asok Mitra, Professor, Centre for Census Operations, Karnataka and now Registrar Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University. General, India made availa ble to me all the old publi­ New Delhi and Director, I.C.S.S.R. & F.F.P. Projects, cations and other material assiduously collected by during his visit to Bangalore in 1976. He was of the the Census Directorate over a period of two de~ades view that my experience in the Revenue Depart­ during which the office has been in existence without ment as well as in the Census Organisation could be any break. This facility lightened my work to a consi­ put to good use for a study of the uninhabited derable extent. villages of Karnataka. He was also good enough to interest the Indian Council of Social Science Research The Government of Karnataka Qcceded readily and the Jawaharlal Nehru University in the project to my request to instruct the Department of Land and to get financial assistance for meeting the out of Records, Survey & Settlement to furnish information pocket expenses incurred for the study. I thank him regarding land utilization in the villages covered by for having suggested this subject for study and the this study. support he has given to me throughout the period covered by the study. CHAPTER I SCOPE AND OBJECT OF THE STUDY After every Census, population tables arc pub­ the former princely State of Mysore. In respect of lished. The Gc';;cral Population Tables invarLtbly show these nine districts, villagewise population figures the number of inhabited villages and the number of are available for all the Ii census"s commencing from uninhabited villages. The general impression one will 1871 census and ending with the 1971 census. More­ get when one reads about uninhabited villages is of a over, these nine districts account for more than 80% village which had been populated once and which is of the uninhabited villages (2,265 out of 2,707), and now dEserted. This, however, is not true of every the pattern that emerges in respect of these nine village which is treated as uninhabited in census. districts is likely to prove interesting. Tn Karnatuku the revenue village which is the smal­ lest administrative unit for purposes of maintenance There was yet another difficulty in extending of land re,:ords has been treated as the village for the scope of the study to the remaining districts of census purposes. Some of these villages are covered Karnataka State. A large number (If uninhabited entirely by forests or other types of reserved land villages in the districts of Belgaum and Dharwar whm: it i; not pos~ible to set up hllman habitations were merged with the adjoining villages between or to find support for livelihood. There are other 1950 and 1971 and if the study is based on the villages which comprise solelY the irrigated tracts and number of uninhabited villages shown in the 1971 the residential area is situated in another village in Census Tables, it would not have been fully repre­ higher areas near the irrigated tracts. There are also sentative for these districts. As explained in detail uninhabited census villages where the residential in the succeeding Chapter, I have tried to classify portion has werged in adjoining urban area and the the uninhabited villages in the districts of Bangalore, residuary P'lft treated as a separate village consists Chikmagalur, Chitradurga, Hassan, Kolar, Mandya, only of the tninhabited porticn. There have been a Mysore (excluding Kollegal Taluk), Shimoga and few cases \o\h~re rtsidential portions have been shifted Tumkur into several categories so as to locate such consequent on the construction of irrigation and/or of the villages as had settled communities in the hyde! projects but the village continues to exist in recent past and have been ab'mdoned. It is these the records as some of the lands included in the villages wh ich deserve a further study and not the village remain unsubmergcd. It is only after elimina­ villages in respect of which there is a valid explana­ ting all these categories of villages that a correct idea tion for the absence of population-such as shifting can be got of the number of vill2ges which had been or merger of the inhabited portio:1 or a village never populated by settled communities at one time and having been available for settlement in view of the which have been abandoned. entire area being reserved by Government-is availa­ ble. The basis for determining the category to which When Dr Mitra suggested this subject, I intc:n­ a village belongs is the popUlation during the 11 ded to study all the 2,707 villag~s which. were shown censuses from 1871 to 1971 and also the existence as uninlubit:,d villages in the 1971 Census Tables in of a village site as per land records. While the exis­ Karnataka. However, in view of the difficulty experi­ tence of a village site is taken as positive evidence enced in tracing the census ligures for the villages that there was a settled community in the village at from Hyderabad Area, Bombay Area, Madras Area some time, the absence of a village site is not held and Coorg of th"! censuses prior to 1951, I decided as conclusi, e evidence of the absence of a settled to restrict the scope of the study to the villages shown community. The reasons for this are explained in as uninhabited in the 9 districts which constituted the next Chapter. CHAPTER II PROCEDURE FOLLOWED FOR COLLECTING AND SHIFTING DATA As explained in the previous Chapter, the main in 1971 comprising only the residuary uninhabited purpose of this study is to identify the villages portion. which had settled communities and which have been abandoned. After these villages have been Abandoned villages can be sub-divided into identified, their distribution territorially and the three groups. Sub group (I) will comprise villages number of villages abandoned during each decade which had been ab:mdoned prior to 1871 but in will be studied. which the existence of a settled community sometime prior to 1871 is indicated by the demarcation of a The vill1ges which were uninhabited in 1971 village site at the time of survey and settlement. can be classified into five different groups as These villages are assigned the symbol A.I. follows: The villages abandoned between 1871 and 1961 (1) Never Inhabited: N can again be shown under two sub categories viz., Villages which had not been inhabited any time Ca) Villages which had some popUlation at one or during the past 150 years as evidenced by their more of the ten censuses ending with 1961 Census baving returned no population throughout the and also a village site demarcated during survey and period 1871-1971 and by the absence of a settlement, the existence of such village site being village site.

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