AREAS IN MOST Methodology The ‘Access to Food’ map and the ‘Nutrional Status’ map was then com- I assessed the need for food assistance from two standpoints: bined to produce the ‘Vulnerable Areas’ map. The ‘Populaon Density’ map IN NEED OF FOOD ASSISTANCE access to food and nutrional status. was created to see which areas had 1. Calculang the risk of food access was largely based the highest concentraon of DHP207: GIS for Internaonal Applicaons on geography and the ability to aain food. people. The ‘Vulnerable Areas’ map was then combined with the Poster produced: 01 May 2012 (See blue box below for the layers involved). ‘Populaon Density’ map to A. Elevaon data2 was used to calculate the slope at a given Cartographer: Sooyeon Kang produce the feature map showing point. The percent rise was classified and given a risk score: low the districts in North Korea most in score for low percent rise, and high score for high percent rise. need of food assistance; the areas Projected Coordinate System: B. The distances from the following possible sources of food were most suscepble and vulnerable to WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_52N calculated and given a risk score: low score if closer to the relevant Geographic Coordinate System: starvaon. place, and higher score if farther away. GCS_WGS_1984 3  Land cover data selected for Cropland, Cropland/ Natural Conclusion vegetaƟon, and Rice Paddy While the government in connues to ask for food assistance 4  Water bodies data of lakes and rivers from the internaonal community, it is not certain if the most vulnerable 5  Points of interest data selected for Agriculture, Civic/Community people in North Korea are receiving, or have ever received, the necessary Center, Dining, Hospital, School, and Train StaƟon supplements. This analysis idenfies 13 districts most in need of food aid:

C. Public Distribuon System Chollima, , Daean, , Hanggu, , Hwadae, ,

data6 was used to calculate the Kanggae, Kowon, , Sinpo, and . In accordance with these

percentage of counes in each findings, non-governmental organizaons that do work inside North Korea province that had a deficit in can iniate programs in these regions. To assess the validity of these foodstuffs for distribuon. The findings, third pares can request access into these areas to verify that the provinces were given a risk needs of people living in harder to reach areas are being tended to. Two score: low score for low per- major limitaons challenge the findings of this analysis: sufficient data and

cent of deficit, and high score reliability of available data. Given the limitaon of acquiring data on North

for high percentage of deficit. Korea, the approach I took in assessing the risk of access to food and

D. A map based on World Food nutrional status was not comprehensive. The indexing of variables to Programme sources7 showed aribute risk scores to is another process that could have be altered. I tried the areas in North Korea that to standardize the variables, but different classificaons may idenfy different areas as being the most in need. Also, it was important for the aid workers have been granted access to. The accessible and vulnerable areas to be analyzed in conjuncon with where people are living.

1 inaccessible districts were The logarithm of the populaon density was calculated to measure its Introducon 2 magnitude, and the resulng value was mulplied with the risk score to Total Populaon 3 reclassified and given a risk produce the feature map. Other ways for combining the risk score and pop- Millions of people are starving in the Democrac Of North Korea: 4 score: low if accessible, and People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea). In the 23,349,859 5 high if inaccessible. ulaon density exist, and different methods may have varied the results. 6 last twenty years, it is esmated that between Sources and Citaons 7 The risk scores from each layer Total Populaon of Areas Most in Need: 1. "World Food Programme Fighng Hunger Worldwide." Korea, DemocraƟc People's Republic (DPRK). World Food Programme. Web. 2.5 to 3.5 million North Koreans have died of 8 were combined to create the 01 May 2012. . 3,301,018 (14.14%) 2. Elevaon data: Shule Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) starvaon. Currently, the World Food 9 (M:\World\ESRIDataMaps93\Raster\Elevaon\SRTM\ srtm_n_elev_e.jp2). ‘Access to Food’ map. 3. Land cover data: Global Land Cover 2000 (hp://bioval.jrc.ec.europa.eu/products/glc2000/products.php). Total Populaon of Other Areas: 10 Programme esmates that 3.5 million people 4. Water bodies data (lakes and rivers): LeadDog 20,048,841 (85.86%) 11 2. Calculaon of nutrional health was based on stascal data (M:\datasets\Country\NorthKorea\LeadDog\kplw.shp); (M:\datasets\Country\NorthKorea\LeadDog\kppw.shp). 5. Points of interest: LeadDog (M:\datasets\Country\NorthKorea\LeadDog\kppi.shp). are at risk of serious damage to their health as a 12 provided at the province level. 6. Public Distribuon System: WFP/ FAO/ UNICEF Rapid Food Security Assessment Mission to the Democrac People’s Republic of 1 13 Korea, 24 March 2011 (hp://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp233442.pdf, pg. 17). result of food shortages. The recent harsh 7. Access to Aid: hp://stac.flickr.com/25/65514241_3a44a3534f.jpg (Accessed 29 April 2012). (See red box to the right for the layers involved). 8. “Figure 6: DPRK Nutrional Status by Province.” WFP/ FAO/ UNICEF Rapid Food Security Assessment Mission to the Democrac winters coupled with a cutback in commercial People’s Republic of Korea, 24 March 2011 - CFSAM 2010 Report (hp://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ 8 ena/wfp233442.pdf, pg. 26). imports and bilateral assistance have heightened concerns for the food security A. Percentages of malnutrion, populaon receiving adequate salt 9. “Figure NU.4 Percentage of households consuming adequately iodized salt, DPR Korea, 2009.” Democrac People’s Republic of Ko- 9 10 rea Central Bureau of Stascs and Instute of Children’s Nutrion (hp://www.childinfo.org/files/MICS_DPRK_2009.pdf, pg. 41). situaon in North Korea. The purpose of this analysis is to idenfy areas in intake, live births and maternal deaths during childbirth were 10. “Table 18. Number of Maternal Deaths by Place of Death and Number of Live Births in the 12 Months Preceding the Census by Province.” DPRK 2008 Populaon Census – Naonal Report (hp://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/ North Korea that are the most in need of food assistance. calculated and given a risk score to create the ‘Nutrional Status’ map. North_Korea/ Final%20naonal%20census%20report.pdf, pg. 97).