Stratigraphy and Ammonite Faunas of the Cenomanian Rocks of Northern Ireland, UK

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Cretaceous Research xxx (2017) 1e18

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Cretaceous Research

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Stratigraphy and ammonite faunas of the Cenomanian rocks of Northern Ireland, UK

* A.S. Gale a, , M.J. Simms b, W.J. Kennedy c, d a School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3QI, UK b Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Northern Ireland, 153 Bangor Road, Cultra, Holywood, Co. Down, BT18 0EU, UK c Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX13PW, UK d Department of Earth Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3AN, UK article info abstract

Article history: A re-examination of surviving outcrops of the Cenomanian parts of the Hibernian Greensands Formation Received 31 January 2017 of south and east Antrim in Northern Ireland, together with a revision of the limited ammonite faunas, Received in revised form provide a basis for dating and interpreting the sequence. The lower part of the Belfast Marls Member 24 March 2017 yields an early Cenomanian Mantelliceras dixoni Zone assemblage, whilst other faunal elements suggest Accepted in revised form 25 March 2017 the upper part extends into the lower part of the middle Cenomanian. The succeeding Islandmagee Available online xxx Siltstones Member yields the index species of the middle Cenomanian Acanthoceras rhotomagense and A. jukesbrownei zones. The Collinwell Sands Member is in part, or whole, of late Cenomanian age on the Keywords: Cretaceous basis of the occurrence of the benthic foraminiferan Orbitolina. The erosion surface at the base of the ﬂ Antrim Belfast Marls Member corresponds to the Ce3 maximum ooding surface recognised in the Anglo-Paris Hibernian Greensands Basin; the erosion surface at the base of the Islandmagee Siltstones to the Ce4 maximum ﬂooding surface and the erosion surface at the base of the Collinwell Sands Member to the sub-plenus erosion surface at the base of the late Cenomanian Metoicoceras geslinianum Zone. © 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

1. Introduction (1982), who provided further details. Here we give detailed ac- counts of the three surviving sections, and supply an illustrated Cenomanian strata in Northern Ireland are restricted to south revision of the ammonite faunas. On this basis we discuss the and east Antrim, and crop out between Collinwell and Glenarm dating of the sequence in terms of the standard early and middle (Fig. 1). They form a thin, highly condensed succession, up to 20 m Cenomanian ammonite zonation developed in western Europe in thickness and comprising the lower part of the Hibernian (Fig. 3), and detailed knowledge of the stratigraphical distribution Greensands Formation, which underlies the Ulster White Lime- of non-ammonite elements of the fauna based on the records from stone Formation. The Hibernian Greensands have been divided into the ‘Lower Chalk’/Grey Chalk Subgroup of southern England three members (Fig. 2; see Griffith and Wilson, 1982). There are (Kennedy, 1969; Gale, 1990, 1995; Kennedy and Gale, 2006). currently outcrops at three localities; Collin Glen, Cloghfin Port and Detailed logs of the sections at Collin Glen, Clogfin Port and Port- Portmuck (Fig. 1). Early studies on the Cretaceous successions of muck are illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, respectively. Northern Ireland were reviewed by Tate (1865), who noted the presence of Ammonites varians (¼ Schloenbachia varians) in what he 2. Description of the sequence termed the Glauconitic Sands. The most significant subsequent account is that of Hancock (1961), who noted all of the Cenomanian 2.1. Belfast Marls Member ammonites then known from the sequence in his account of the Cretaceous System in Northern Ireland. There is a general review in This unit (Fig. 2), formerly known as the Glauconite Sands Wilson (1972), and a more detailed one in Griffith and Wilson (Hancock, 1961) comprises 2e3 m of dark, highly glauconitic, strongly bioturbated sandy clay, resting unconformably upon Triassic and Lower Jurassic strata; the basal part contains small * Corresponding author. quartz pebbles, while small phosphatic pebbles are present E-mail address: [email protected] (A.S. Gale). throughout. The unit is only developed along the outcrop between http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.03.022 0195-6671/© 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Fig. 1. Map of the eastern portion of Northern Ireland to show the Cretaceous outcrop.

Portmuck and Belfast (Fig. 1). Fossils occur throughout, but are Acompsoceras (Fig. 10AeC, F), together with Mantelliceras commoner in the higher part, being abundant at two named (Figs. 9IeJ; 10D, E) and Mariella (Fig. 7EeF) in the lower part of levels. the Belfast Marls fauna demonstrate that this is of Mantelliceras The ﬁrst of these is termed the Carr's Glen Ammonite Bed. dixoni Zone age. Hancock (1961) collected composite moulds of the early Cen- The second named level is the Portmuck Oyster Bed. A con- omanian ammonites Schloenbachia, Mantelliceras and Mariella centration of oysters is present between 1.0 and 1.5 m beneath the from a bed in Carr's Glen, which lay close to the (unexposed) base top of the Belfast Marls at Collin Glen and Portmuck, which also of the Belfast Marls; the section is no longer available. A level yields common belemnites, calcitic bivalves and rare brachiopods. 0.6 m above the base of the unit at Collin Glen also yields am- This bed was also exposed in Carr's Glen (Hancock, 1961; material monites, which is thought to be a correlative level; however, they now in the Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge). At Portmuck this are much more poorly preserved there. The presence of yielded:

Fig. 2. Litho- and biostratigraphical classiﬁcation of the Hibernian Greensands Formation.

Fig. 3. Ammonite zones and subzones of the lower and middle Cenomanian substages.

Amphidonte obliquatum (Pulteney, 1813) (abundant) (M. dixoni Zone) and the lowest occurrence of T. costatus and Entolium orbiculare (J. Sowerby, 1817) (common) Acanthoceras rhotomagense, the Cunningtoniceras inerme Zone Neithea cf. gibbosa (Pulteney, 1813) (2) (Gale, 1995). In fact, it is the only level in the UK in which Cun- Neithea cometa (d'Orbigny, 1847) (1) ningtoniceras inerme is present. A single specimen of C. sp. (group of Oxytoma seminudum (Dames, 1874) common cunningtoni) from Sallagh Braes, Larne (Fig. 10C), may therefore Platythyris squamosa (Mantell, 1822) (1) possibly be from the Belfast Marls, although the matrix is sugges- Praeactinocamax primus (Arkhangelsky, 1912) common tive of the overlying Islandmagee Siltstones. Gryphaeostrea canaliculata (J. Sowerby, 1813) 2.2. Islandmagee Siltstones Member Additional species of bivalve, none of them age diagnostic, were recorded by Griffith and Wilson (1982) from unspecified localities. Formerly known as the Yellow Sandstone (Hancock, 1961), this The co-occurrence of P. primus and common E. orbiculare and unit comprises 5e10 m of well-indurated, poorly glauconitic silt- O. seminudum is strongly suggestive of precise correlation with the stones. On the coast, at Cloghfin Port and Portmuck, they are middle Cenomanian Cast Bed in southern England and its correla- conspicuously rhythmic on the scale of about 1 m, comprising hard tive level in France and Germany, to which P. primus is restricted beds of siltstone alternating with marly intervals. In contrast, they (Gale, 1990, 1995; Wilmsen, 2003; Wilmsen et al., 2007), and in are massive, with a few weak partings, in the inland exposure at which the other two species are abundant. In the Cast Bed, Collin Glen. The rhythms are similar to those developed in the Amphidonte occurs only as a rarity and N. cf. gibbosa is unknown. Lower Chalk of southern England and the hard beds have The Cast Bed, and underlying limestone, yield a fauna of Turrilites conspicuously burrowed tops. Macrofauna can be collected readily costatus Subzone age at Lewes (Sussex) and Folkestone (Kent). If at Cloghfin Port, and includes common serpulids (Rotularia sp.), less this correlation is correct, it suggests that the uppermost 1.5 m of common calcitic bivalves (Entolium sp., Merklinia sp.) and abundant the Belfast Marls are also of Turrilites costatus Subzone age. How- small corals (Micrabacia coronula (Goldfuss, 1826)), at the 6.5 m ever, in southern England, a level with common Cunningtoniceras level. Griffith and Wilson (1982) recorded additional species, spp. occurs between the uppermost occurrence of Mantelliceras including the echinoid Holaster cf. trecensis (Leymerie, 1842), from

Fig. 4. The succession at Collin Glen, with possible sequence stratigraphic events indicated (UWLF: Ulster White Limestone Formation).

exposure at Magheramorne, which only exposed the upper part of the member (Hancock, 1961). The presence of Micrabacia coronula in one bed at Cloghﬁn Port is signiﬁcant, because this species is abundant in the middle part of the Acanthoceras rhotomagense zone in southern England (Kennedy, 1969).

2.3. Collinwell Sands Member

This unit, formerly known as the Zone of Exogyra columba, of the Upper Glauconitic Beds (Hancock, 1961), is up to 9 m in thickness and comprises medium to coarse, calcareous, glauconitic sands, including some gravel-grade quartz at the base, which rest dis- conformably on the Islandmagee Siltstones. The basal contact is a burrowed erosional surface. The Collinwell Member only occurs as isolated pockets along the outcrop from Belfast to Glenarm, and has been divided into two units, of which the lower is only developed locally. It has not yielded ammonites, but the large oyster Rhyn- chostreon suborbiculatum (Lamarck, 1801) is common; elsewhere it is known to range from the upper Cenomanian to mid-Turonian. The member has yielded Cenomanian brachiopods at several localities and the large benthic foraminiferan Orbitolina, also typical of the Cenomanian (Hancock, 1961). The unit is therefore largely, or entirely, of Cenomanian age, although an unlocalised record of Inoceramus ex gr. lamarcki Parkinson, 1818, is indicative of a middle Turonian date (Grifﬁth and Wilson, 1982).

3. Sea level changes and sequence stratigraphy

The Cenomanian succession in the Anglo-Paris Basin contains a number of distinctive sedimentary packages, which Robaszynski et al. (1998) numbered Ce1e5, and identified as being related to eustatic sea level fluctuations. Equivalent events have also been identified in Germany (Wilmsen, 2003) and further afield (Gale et al., 2003, 2008). It is to be expected that these should be rec- ognisable in the highly condensed, shallow-marine succession in the Antrim Basin, where sea level fluctuations are likely to be evident. The lowermost Cenomanian strata present, i.e., the lower part of the Belfast Marls, are of Mantelliceras dixoni Zone age, so the transgressive base of the member likely represents the Ce 3 flooding surface identified elsewhere. However, the major regres- sive/transgressive event at the Ce3e4 boundary, which is widely represented in Europe, also falls within the Belfast Marls, coinciding temporally with the Portmuck Oyster Bed (equivalent to the Cast Bed in the Anglo-Paris Basin) and the immediately subjacent deposits. This is not marked by any facies change in Northern Ireland, and evidently had no influence on the succession, which is remarkable. The highly glauconitic, condensed Belfast Marls evidently represent the slow, initial flooding of the region, when little accommodation space was available. The boundary between the Belfast Marls and Islandmagee Silt- stones Member is marked by a decrease in grain size, a considerable increase in carbonate content, and a major reduction in glauconite, all indicating significant deepening. This probably corresponds to the maximum flooding surface within Ce4, equivalent to the boundary between the classic Chalk Marl and Grey Chalk in southern England, which is also a calcimetry break (Gale, 1995; Gale and Hancock, in; Gale et al., 1997) and is approximately equivalent to the boundary between the Turrilites costatus and Fig. 5. The succession at Cloghfin Port. T. acutus subzones. The strongly developed rhythmicity seen in the coastal sections of the member (Portmuck, Cloghfin Port), and the this member. Stratigraphically unlocalised specimens of the index presence of abundant Rotularia and, at one level, the small coral species (see below) indicate the presence of the Acanthoceras rho- Micrabacia, both afford comparisons with the lower part of the Grey tomagense and overlying Acanthoceras jukesbrownei zones in the Chalk in successions in southern England. The Islandmagee Silt- Islandmagee Siltstones. The latter are known only from the former stones represent, biostratigraphically, at least parts of the

Fig. 6. The succession at Portmuck, with possible sequence stratigraphic events indicated.

Fig. 7. AeD, G, H, Schloenbachia varians (J. Sowerby, 1817). A, SMC B80933; B, SMC B80935; C, SMC 80933; D, SMC B80939; G, SMC B80936; H, SMC B80964. E, F, Mariella (Mariella) essenensis (Geinitz, 1849). E, SMC B80944; F, SMC B80945. All specimens are from a shell bed 2.1 m below the top of the Belfast Marls Member, Carr's Glen, Cave Hill, Belfast, County Antrim.

Acanthoceras rhotomagense and A. jukesbrownei zones, although the (Juignet, 1974) in an approximately equivalent facies, of roughly the boundary between the two cannot be placed accurately in the same age and similar water depth, and are of late Cenomanian succession. This boundary also coincides, approximately, with a Metoicoceras geslinianum Zone age. It is therefore likely that the sequence boundary in southern England, France and Germany sub-Collinwell Sand surface represents the sequence boundary at (Gale, 1995; Robaszynski et al., 1998; Wilmsen, 2003), which the base of that zone (the sub-plenus erosion surface; see evidently has no representation in the succession in Northern Robaszynski et al., 1998). The absence of highstand deposits of late Ireland. Cenomanian and early Turonian age can perhaps be attributed to The erosional surface between the Islandmagee Siltstones and deep erosion during the major Turonian lowstand. The overlying the Collinwell Sands represents a sequence boundary, and a sig- Kilcoan Sands are undoubtedly of midelate Coniacian age niﬁcant sea level fall, with deeper-water silts beneath and coarse to (Hancock, 1961) and represent a later, major transgression. medium quartz sands preserved locally above. The presence of unambiguously Cenomanian shallow-water brachiopod and echi- 4. Repositories noid taxa in this unit (Hancock, 1961) provides some limited evidence of age. The brachiopods Cyclothyris spp. and the echinoid BELUM e The Ulster Museum, National Museums of Northern Catopygus columbaris (Lamarck, 1816), present in the Collinwell Ireland, Belfast, Northern Ireland; BGS e British Geological Survey, Sands, are both common in the Sables de Bousse in Sarthe, France Keyworth, Nottinghamshire, UK; BMNH e The Natural History

Fig. 8. Schloenbachia varians (J. Sowerby, 1817). A-C BELUM K 11619; D-F BELUM K 11623; H-I, BELUM K11617, all from the Belfast Marls Member, Cave Hill. G, Schloenbachia sp. indet, BELUM K11579, from the ‘Yellow Sandstone’ of Cave hill, Belfast.

Museum, Earth Sciences Department, London, UK; SMC e The Material. There are numerous specimens, including SMC Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge, UK. B80933e80943 (ex J.M. Hancock Collection), from 2.1 m below the top of the ‘Glauconitic Sands’ at Carr's Glen, Cave Hill, Belfast 5. Systematic palaeontology (County Antrim). BGS FD4429, 4431, 4433, 4436 and NIF 348 (the original of Wilson, 1972, pl. 6, fig. 1), also from Carr's Glen. BELUM Superfamily Hoplitoidea H. Douville, 1890 K655, K11480, K11487e11488, K11499, K11553e11554, Family Schloenbachiidae Parona and Bonarelli, 1897 K11568e11569, K11579, K11589, K11617, K11619, K11621e11623, K11635, K11652, K16995, K18456, K24792 and K24876. All speci- Genus Schloenbachia Neumayr, 1875 mens are from the Belfast Marls Member. Type species: Ammonites varians J. Sowerby, 1817, p. 169, pl. 176, by Remarks. Schloenbachis varians was comprehensively revised by subsequent designation of H. Douville (1890, p. 290). Kennedy (2015), who recognised a series of formae, from robust to Schloenbachia varians (J. Sowerby, 1817) gracile: ventriosa, varians (sensu stricto), subtuberculata, intermedia Figs. 7AeD, G, H, 8AeF, H, I, 9AeH. and subplana . In southern England it is the Glauconitic Marl that is closest in facies to the Belfast Marls Member that has yielded the 1817 Ammonites varians J. Sowerby, p. 169 (pars), p. 176 uppermost present material. Robust forms (ventriosa plus varians (sensu fi fi gure, left-hand gure in lowest row. stricto)) make up only from 3 to 11 per cent of assemblages in the fi 1972 Schloenbachia subvarians Spath; Wilson, p.51, pl. 6, g. 1. Glauconitic Marl and gracile forms predominate. The same pre- 2015 Schloenbachia varians (J. Sowerby, 1817); Kennedy, p. 419, pl. dominance of gracile individuals is recognised in the present ma- fi e fi fi e 125, gs 2, 5; pls 126 135; pl. 136, g. 1; text- gs 161 163, terial from the Belfast Marls Member. Unphosphatised specimens e e e 164b c, 165 167,169 173 (with full synonymy). from Cave Hill (Fig. 7AeD, G, H) are all formae intermedia and 2015 Schloenbachia varians (J. Sowerby,1817); Kennedy in Morel,p. subtuberculata, with passage forms between. Better-preserved fi e e 134, text- gs 129a b, e, h m. phosphatised material (Figs 9A eH; 7A eD, G, H; 8A eF, H, I) in- Type. The lectotype, by subsequent designation of Spath (1938,p. cludes a single robust individual, BELUM K11635 corresponding to 544), is BMNH 43962b, the original of J. Sowerby (1817, pl. 176, top varians (sensu stricto)(Fig. 9CeE) and two that correspond to forma figure), refigured by Kennedy (2015, pl. 125, fig. 2). It is from the subplana, BELUM K11589 (Fig. 9A, B) and BELUM K11488 Lower Chalk of an unknown locality in southern England. (Fig. 8FeH). The latter comprises the adapertural part of the

Fig. 9. AeH, Schloenbachia varians (J. Sowerby, 1817). A, B, BELUM K11589; CeE, BELUM K11635; F eH, BELUM K11488. A series of phosphatised fragments from the Belfast Marls Member of various sites in Co. Antrim. I, J, Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926. BELUM K11618, from the Belfast Marls Member of Cave Hill, Belfast, County Antrim. phragmocone and adapical part of the body chamber of a micro- 1814 Ammonites mantelli J. Sowerby, p.119, pl. 55, lower figure only. conch, with a strong constriction, comparable to an individual from 1984 Mantelliceras mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814); Wright and Maiden Bradley figured by Kennedy (2015, pl. 128, fig. 1). Most of Kennedy, p. 99, pl. 16, fig. 5; pl. 17, figs 1, 3; pl. 18, figs 1e3; the other phosphatised fragments correspond to formae sub- pl. 19, figs 1e6; pl. 20, figs 1e2, 4; pl. 21, figs 2, 4; pl. 24, fig. 3; tuberculata and intermedia. pl. 36, fig. 1; text-figs 20aed, 26a, c, e, 28aee. Occurrence. Lower Cenomanian, mantelli and dixoni zones, with 1998 Mantelliceras mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814); Kaplan et al.,p.115, records from East Greenland, Northern Ireland, England, southern pl. 11, figs 1e2; pl. 17, figs 12e13; pl. 19, figs 1e9; pl. 22, figs Belgium, France (Boulonnais to Alpes-Maritimes), Germany, Born- 3e4; pl. 23, fig. 8; pl. 24, figs 4e6; pl. 25, figs 1e5 (with holm in the Baltic Sea, Switzerland, Poland, Bulgaria, southern additional synonymy). Ukraine, Moldova, Russia as far east as Khrebet Pay-Koy on the Kara 2011 Mantelliceras mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814); Mosavinia and Sea coast, the Mangyshlak Peninsula in Kazakhstan, the Kopet Dag, Wilmsen, p. 178, text-figs 3aee (with additional synonymy). Turkmenistan and Iran, north of the Zagros. 2015 Mantelliceras mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814); Kennedy in Kennedy and Gale, p. 264, pl. 7, fig. 3; pl. 8, figs 1, 5 (with Superfamily Acanthoceratoidea de Grossouvre, 1894 additional synonymy). Family Acanthoceratidae de Grossouvre, 1894 2015 Mantelliceras mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814); Kennedy in Morel, Subfamily Mantelliceratinae Hyatt, 1903 p. 137, text-figs 102, 130a. Genus Mantelliceras Hyatt, 1903 Type. The lectotype, by subsequent designation of Kennedy (1971,p. Type species: Ammonites mantelli J. Sowerby, 1814, p.199, by original 52), is BMNH 43940a, from the lower Cenomanian Chalk Marl of designation of Hyatt (1903, p. 113) (ICZN Specific Name No. 1634). Ringmer, near Lewes, Sussex, the original of J. Sowerby (1814, pl. 55, Mantelliceras mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814) lower figure only), reillustrated by Wright and Kennedy (1984, pl. Fig. 10D, E. 18, fig. 3).

Fig. 10. AeC, F, Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857). AeC, BELUMK11564; F, BELUM K11634, the matrix indicates that both are from the Island Magee Siltstones Member of Cave Hill, Belfast, County Antrim. D, E, Mantelliceras mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814), BELUM K11565, from the Belfast Marls Member of Cave Hill.

Material. BELUM K11565, from the Belfast Marls Member [‘Glau- ventrolateral tubercles only, the latter connected over the venter conitic Sands’], Cave Hill, Belfast (County Antrim). The matrix by a well-developed transverse rib. The diagnostic features of suggests the specimen is from the shell bed approximately 1 m Mantelliceras mantelli are the polygonal whorl section, the pri- above the base of the unit. mary ribs with umbilical, lateral, inner and outer ventrolateral Remarks. The specimen is distorted into an ellipse with a major tubercles, the intercalated ribs with inner and outer ventrolateral axis 76 mm long. The original whorl proportions cannot be tubercles only. The present specimen compares well with the established. Ornament is of crowded primary and intercalated original of Wright and Kennedy (1984, pl. 17, ﬁg. 2), from War- ribs. The primaries bear umbilical, lateral, inner and outer minster in Wiltshire, UK. Those authors provided a comprehen- ventrolateral tubercles, the intercalated ribs bear inner and outer sive discussion of the species.

Occurrence. Commonest in the Mantelliceras mantelli Zone of the 2015 Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857); Kennedy in Kennedy lower Cenomanian, but extending into the succeeding Man- and Gale, p. 279, pl. 12, figs 1e3, 5e7; pl.13, figs 1, 4e5 telliceras dixoni Zone. The species ranges from England to Northern (with additional synonymy). Ireland, France, Germany, Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan, North Africa, 2015 Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857); Kennedy in Morel,p. KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, Madagascar, southern India and 139, text-figs 107, 132bec. Japan. Types. The lectotype, designated by Wright and Wright (1951, p. 38), Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926 is GSM 7753 (figured by Wright and Kennedy, 1987, pl. 43, fig. 2), Fig. 9IeJ. from Blackdown, Isle of Wight, the original of Sharpe (1857, pl. 20, fig. 2). The paralectotypes have not been traced. 1926 Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, p. 82. Material. BELUM K11634, from [Cave Hill, Belfast], County Antrim 1984 Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926; Wright and Kennedy,p. and BELUM K11564, also from [Cave Hill, Belfast], County Antrim. 103, pl. 17, fig. 2; pl. 20, fig. 3; pl. 21, fig. 3; pl. 24, figs 1e2, The matrix of both specimens suggest them to be from the Belfast 4e6; pl. 25, figs 1e6; pl. 26, figs 1e2, 4e5; pl. 38, fig. 1; text- Marls Member. figs 25a, 27eeh, jel, ?21aec (with full synonymy). Remarks. BELUM K11634 (Fig. 10F) is a composite mould of a 120 2015 Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926; Kennedy in Kennedy whorl sector with a maximum whorl height of 23 mm. The whorl and Gale, p. 265, pl. 10, fig. 8 (with additional synonymy). section is compressed, with feebly convex, subparallel inner and 2015 Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926; Kennedy in Morel,p. mid-flanks, convergent outer flanks, broadly rounded ventrolat- 137, text-fig. 104. eral shoulders and a feebly convex venter. There are seven ribs on Types. The holotype, by original designation, is BMNH 36834, from the fragment. Two are primaries, one with a well-developed um- the lower Cenomanian Chalk Marl of Dover, Kent; paratype BMNH bilical bulla. They are straight, prorsiradiate, broaden markedly C5027 is from the same unit at Lewes, Sussex. Both were figured by across the flanks and are separated by narrower interspaces. Two Sharpe (1857, pl. 18, figs 1e2) and Wright and Kennedy (1984, pl. long or short ribs intercalate between, one with an incipient bulla, 24, figs 2, 6). the other without. All ribs link to a well-developed ventrolateral Material. BELUM K11618 [‘Glauconitic Sandstone, Cave Hill, Belfast, clavus. The clavi are linked across the venter by a low, broad, County Antrim’], from the Belfast Marls Member; the matrix sug- transverse rib with suggestions of very feeble siphonal clavi in gests the specimen to be from the shell bed approximately 1 m places. BELUM K11564 (Fig. 10AeC) is a much larger fragment, above the base of the unit. lacking the umbilical margin, with a maximum preserved whorl Description. BELUM K11618 is a 90 whorl sector with a maximum height of 44 mm. The whorl section is very compressed, the flanks preserved whorl height of 23.7 mm. The whorl section is depressed, flattened and subparallel, the ventrolateral shoulders broadly with a whorl breadth to height ratio of 1.1. The intercostal whorl rounded, the narrow venter flattened. Parts of six low, broad, section is reniform, the costal section polygonal, with the greatest prorsiradiate ribs are preserved on the fragment. It is not possible breadth at the lateral tubercle. Primary ribs arise on the umbilical establish which are primaries and which are intercalated. All bear wall. One of them develops a strong umbilical bulla; another lacks a well-developed feebly clavate inner, and stronger, markedly bulla. There is a well-developed inner lateral tubercle on the pri- clavate outer ventrolateral tubercles. There is a marked siphonal mary ribs. Single ribs intercalate between successive primaries and ridge, strengthened into clavi that correspond to the outer all ribs bear a feebly clavate outer ventrolateral tubercle, the outer ventrolaterals. ventrolateral tubercles linked across the venter by a strong, trans- BELUM K11634, which lacks inner ventrolateral tubercles, cor- verse rib. responds to the feebly ornamented variants of the species, Discussion. The present fragment differs from co-occurring Man- comparing well with the lectotype (Wright and Kennedy, 1987, pl. telliceras mantelli in the strong lateral tubercle and absence of an 43, fig. 2). BELUM K11634, with well-developed inner and outer inner ventrolateral tubercle. These are characteristics of Man- ventrolateral and siphonal tubercles, agrees well with the original tellliceras cantianum. Reference is made to Wright and Kennedy of their text-fig. 43dee, from the Lower Chalk of Ventnor, Isle of (1984, p. 103) for a full discussion of the species. Wight. Acompsoceras inconstans (Schlüter, 1871) (p. 7, pl. 3, figs 1e5; Occurrence. Lower Cenomanian, Mantelliceras mantelli and M. dixoni see revisions in Wright and Kennedy, 1987, p. 143, pl. 42, figs 4, 6e7; zones. The geographical distribution extends from southern En- pl. 43, fig. 1; text-figs 34c, 41e42, 43aec, 44; Kaplan et al., 1998,p. gland across France, northern Spain, Germany, Switzerland, 138, pl. 10, figs 8e10; pl. 33, figs 1e2; pl. 36, figs 4e5; pl. 37, figs Romania(?), Iran, central Tunisia, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, to 1e3; pl. 39; pl. 42, figs 3e4; Kennedy in Kennedy and Gale, 2015,p. near Lindi in Tanzania, Madagascar and Japan. 281, pl. 12, fig. 5; pl. 13, figs 2e3) is easily distinguished from the Subfamily Acanthoceratinae de Grossouvre, 1894 present species in having a lateral tubercle. Genus Acompsoceras Hyatt, 1903 Occurrence. Lower Cenomanian, Mantelliceras dixoni Zone, and Type species: Ammonites bochumensis Schlüter, 1871,p.1,pl.1,figs lower middle Cenomanian Cunningtoniceras inerme Zone. The 1e4, by original designation (Hyatt, 1903, p. 111). geographical distribution extends from Northern Ireland to Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857) southern England, Germany, France (Haute Normandie, Sarthe and Fig. 10AeC, F. Provence), Germany, Poland, Iran, Algeria, central Tunisia, Nigeria(?) and Madagascar. 1857 Ammonites Renevieri Sharpe, p. 44, pl. 20, fig. 2. 1987 Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857); Wright and Kennedy, Genus Cunningtoniceras Collignon, 1937 p. 140, pl. 43, fig. 2; text-figs 34g, 35def, 36ae f, 37e40, Type species: Ammonites cunningtoni Sharpe, 1855, p. 35, pl. 15, fig. 43dee (with full synonymy). 2, by original designation of Collignon (1937, p. 64 (40)). 1998 Acompsoceras renevierii (Sharpe, 1857); Kaplan et al., p. 136, Cunningtoniceras sp. (group of cunningtoni (Sharpe, 1855)) pl. 10, figs 6e7; pl. 34; pl. 35; pl. 36, figs 1e3; pl. 37, figs 4e6; Fig. 14C. pl. 38; pl. 40; pl. 41, figs 1, 5 (with additional synonymy).

Material. BELUM K11839, possibly from the Islandmagee Siltstones meridionale (Stoliczka, 1864), in which there are equal numbers of Formation [‘Yellow Sandstone’] of Sallagh Braes, Larne (County outer ventrolateral and siphonal tubercles. The present specimen Antrim). has developed pairs of riblets between the outer ventrolateral clavi, Remarks. The specimen is a highly deformed fragment of a 180 but only the adapical riblet has developed a tubercle, in what is whorl sector, 58 mm long. The whorl section appears to have interpreted as the transitional phase between the first and second originally been depressed, oval in intercostal section and polygonal ontogenetic stages. It is suggested that it is a member of the cun- in costal section, with the maximum breadth at the inner ventro- ningtoni group, although specifically indeterminate. lateral tubercles. There are seven primary ribs on the fragment. Occurrence. As for material. Representatives of the cunningtoni They arise at strong umbilical bullae and are coarse and straight, group are restricted to the lower middle Cenomanian inerme Zone linking to strong conical inner ventrolateral tubercles, all of which in northern Europe. are damaged, but appear to have been circular in cross section. A Genus Acanthoceras Neumayr, 1875 broad rib links to a large, feebly clavate outer ventolateral tubercle. Type species: Ammonites rhotomagensis Brongniart, 1822, pp. 83, These are linked across the venter by a very low transverse rib, the 391; pl. 6, fig. 2, by subsequent designation of de Grossouvre (1894, adapical and adapertural edges of which are strengthened, to p. 27). produce a pair of riblets linking the outer ventrolateral clavi. There is a well-developed siphonal clavus on the adapical riblet. Kennedy Acanthoceras rhotomagense (Brongniart, 1822) (in Kennedy and Gale, 2015) described the early developmental Fig. 11. stages of Cunningtoniceras, recognising an initial stage with inner 1822 Ammonites rhotomagensis Defr.; Brongniart, pp. 83, 391, pl. 6, and outer ventrolateral and siphonal tubercles that are equal in fig. 2. number, with a single ventral rib bearing the outer ventrolateral 1987 Acanthoceras rhotomagense (Brongniart, 1822); Wright and and siphonal tubercles, as in Acanthoceras Neumayr, 1875, suc- Kennedy, p. 156, pl. 42, fig. 8; pl. 44, figs 1e11; pl. 45, figs ceeded by a stage in which pairs of ribs link the outer ventrolateral 1e5; pl. 46, figs 1e4, 6; pl. 47, figs 1e2; pl. 48, figs 1e2; pl. 49, tubercles across the venter. Two groups were recognised, that of figs 1, 5e6; text-figs 47e54, 63fej, 64aeb, 65aed, k, 66a, feg, Cunningtoniceras cunningtoni, in which there are fewer outer j, 67g, 68e69 (with full synonymy). ventrolateral than siphonal clavi, and the group of Cunningtoniceras

Fig. 11. Acanthoceras rhotomagense (Brongniart, 1822), BELUM K16781, the matrix indicates the specimen to be from the Island Magee Siltstones Member of County Antrim.

2011 Acanthoceras rhotomagense (Brongniart,1822); Mosavinia and Daghestan, Turkmenistan and northern Iran, Algeria, Tunisia, New Wilmsen, p.184, figs 6aeb, 7aeb (with additional synonymy). Guinea, Japan and possibly Peru and Bathurst Island (northern 2015 Acanthoceras rhotomagense (Brongniart, 1822); Kennedy in Australia). Kennedy and Gale, p. 283, pl. 14, figs 5e6; pl. 16, figs 8e9 Acanthoceras jukesbrownei (Spath, 1926) (with additional synonymy). Figs. 12e13. 2015 Acanthoceras rhotomagense (Brongniart, 1822); Kennedy in Morel, p. 140, text-fig. 133aef. 1867 Ammonites hippocastanum Sowerby; Sharpe, p. 37, pl. 17, figs 2e4. Type. The lectotype, by subsequent designation by R. Douville 1926 Protacanthoceras jukesbrownei Spath, p. 82. (1912), is MNHP F.J04190, the original of Brongniart (1822, pl. 6, 1961 Acanthoceras cf. sherborni Spath; Hancock, p. 15. fig. 2), ex Sorbonne Collections, from Rouen, Seine-Maritime. It was 1987 Acanthoceras jukesbrownei (Spath, 1926a); Wright and refigured by, amongst others, Wright (1996, text-fig. 119/3aeb). Kennedy, p. 191, pl. 49, figs 2e4; pl. 50, figs 1e5; pl. 51, figs Material. BELUM K1681, from the‘Chloritic Sands’ of County Antrim. 1e7; text-figs 55e62, 65eef, h ej, l, m, 66e, 67heq (with full The matrix indicates the specimen to be from the Islandmagee synonymy). Siltstones Formation. 1998 Acanthoceras jukesbrownei (Spath, 1926a); Kaplan et al.,p. Remarks. The specimen is a massive fragment of a composite mould 144, pl. 48, figs 3e4; pl. 49, fig. 1; pl. 50, figs 1e2; pl. 62, fig. 3 of a flank and the ventral region that is almost wholly septate, lacking (with additional synonymy). the umbilical margin. The maximum whorl height is an estimated 2015 Acanthoceras jukesbrownei (Spath, 1926); Kennedy in Morel, 95 mm. Parts of six ribs are preserved. They are strong, coarse and p. 140, text-fig. 133I. feebly prorsiradiate. There is a trace of a large umbilical bulla on one rib and indications of a strong inner ventrolateral tubercle. Type. The holotype, by monotypy, is BMNH 50162, the original of The specimen is referred to Acanthoceras rhotomagense on the basis Sharpe (1857, pl. 17, fig. 2), from the middle Cenomanian Chalk of the presence of primary ribs only, their strength and style finding Basement Bed of Man O'War Cove, Dorset. It was refigured by a match in large specimens from southern England (Wright and Wright and Kennedy (1987, pl. 50, fig. 3). Kennedy, 1987, text-fig. 47). Material. SMC B80989e80991 (ex J. M. Hancock Collection), from Occurrence. Lower middle Cenomanian Acanthoceras rhotomagense the Islandmagee Siltstones Formation [‘Yellow Sandstone’]of Zone. The species occurs in western Europe from Northern Ireland Magheramorne (County Antrim). through England, France (Boulonnais to Provence), Switzerland, Remarks. SMC B80989 (Fig. 12) is interpreted as a robustly orna- Germany, Bornholm in the Baltic Sea, northern Spain, Romania, mented variant of the species. It is a composite mould with a

Fig. 12. Acanthoceras jukesbrownei (Spath, 1926), SMC B80989, from the Island Magee Siltstones Member of Magheramorne, County Antrim.

Fig. 13. Acanthoceras jukesbrownei (Spath, 1926), SMC B80991, from the Islandmagee Siltstones Member of Magheramorne (County Antrim). maximum preserved diameter of 140 mm. The whorls are Occurrence. Upper middle Cenomanian Acanthoceras jukesbrownei massive, the whorl section depressed, with a whorl to breadth to Zone, with records from Northern Ireland, southern England, height ratio of 1.25. Five ribs are preserved on either flank of the France (Boulonnais, Haute-Normandie, Sarthe and Provence), Ger- fragment, with massive umbilical bullae that give rise to single many, Poland and the Kopet Dag in Turkmenistan. coarse, prorsiradiate ribs that link to massive conical inner Genus Calycoceras Hyatt, 1900 (ICZN Generic Name No. 1352) ventrolateral tubercles, with ill-preserved indications of an outer Type species: Ammonites navicularis Mantell, 1822, p. 198, pl. 22, fig. ventrolateral clavus borne on a coarse transverse rib that is 5. By designation under the Plenary Powers (ICZN Opinion No. 557) prominent on the ventrolateral shoulders but effaced over most of the venter. This specimen corresponds to that from Chard in Calycoceras sp. Somerset figured by Wright and Kennedy (1987,text-fig. 59). SMC Fig. 14AeB. B80991aeb(Fig. 13) is interpreted as a feebly ornamented variant Material. BELUM 1890-306 from the Islandmagee Siltstones For- of the species. It is a composite mould, approximately 115 mm in mation [‘Yellow Sandstone’] of Whitehead (County Antrim). diameter, the whorl section slightly compressed, the whorl Remarks. The present specimen is that referred to by Hancock (1961, breadth to height ratio 0.9. Coiling is moderately evolute, with 45 p. 18) as being from sands presumed to be below the Inoceramus per cent of the previous whorl covered. The umbilicus is of band, ‘an indigenous ammonite cast, indeterminable even generi- moderate depth, the umbilical shoulder quite narrowly rounded. cally, but comparable to an inflated Calycoceras’. It is a wholly The flanks are flattened and subparallel, the ventrolateral shoul- septate fragment, with a maximum preserved whorl breadth of ders broadly rounded, the venter flattened. There are 7e8blunt 55 mm approximately, the whorl section depressed the flanks umbilical bullae per half whorl; they give rise to single low, broad, convex, the venter broadly rounded. There are six worn ribs, pre- straight, prorsiradiate ribs that link to blunt inner ventrolateral served on the mid-to outer flank, ventrolateral shoulders and tubercles. A low, blunt rib sweeps forwards across the ventrolat- ventral regions, with indications of small inner and clavate outer eral shoulder and links to a low, blunt outer ventrolateral clavus, ventrolateral tubercles. Hancock (1961) correctly assigned it to There is a faint siphonal ridge. There are indications of short Calycoceras, but a more precise identification is not possible. intercalated ribs between successive primaries, but preservation Occurrence. As for material. is defective. This specimen corresponds to that from the Chalk Basement Bed at Osmington in Dorset figured by Wright and Subgenus Newboldiceras Thomel, 1972 Kennedy (1987, text-fig. 60). SMC B80900aeb is a large battered Type species: Acanthoceras newboldi Kossmat, 1897, p. 5 (112), pl. 1 fragment with a maximum preserved diameter of 155 mm (12), figs 2e3; pl. 3 (14), fig. 2, by original designation of Thomel approximately, with single intercalated rib at the greatest pre- (1972,p.105¼ Acanthoceras rhotomagense var. asiatica Jimbo, served diameter. It corresponds to the original of Wright and 1894, p. 177, pl. 20, fig. 1) (see Wright and Kennedy, 1996, p. 239). Kennedy (1987, text-fig. 61). Those authors provided an exten- Calycoceras (Newboldiceras) asiaticum asiaticum (Jimbo, 1894) sive account of the species and discussed differences from others Fig. 14DeF. referred to the genus.

Fig. 14. A, B, Calycoceras sp., BELUM 1890-306, from the Island Magee Siltstones Member of Whitehead, County Antrim. C, Cunningtoniceras sp. group of cunningtoni (Sharpe, 1855), the matrix suggests the specimen is from the Island Magee Siltstones Member of Sallagh Braes, Larne, County Antrim. DeF, Calycoceras (Newboldiceras) asiaticum asiaticum (Jimbo, 1894), BELUM K11578, from the Island Magee Siltstone Member of Collin Glen, County Antrim. 1865 Ammonites Rotomagensis Defrance; Stoliczka, p. 66 (pars), Type. The holotype, by monotypy, is the original of Jimbo (1894, pl. including typicus (p. 68) (pars) and var. subcompressus (p. 68), 20, fig. 1), no. 1e105 in the collections of the Geological Institute, pl. 34, figs 3e4; pl. 35, fig. 1; pl. 36, fig. 1; pl. 37, figs 1e2. Tokyo University, from the middle Cenomanian Trigonia Sandstone 1894 Acanthoceras rhotomagense var. asiatica Jimbo, p. 177, pl. 20, of Ikushumbets, Hokkaido, Japan. A cast was figured by Wright and fig. 1. Kennedy (1996, text-fig. 97) and Kennedy and Klinger (2010, text- 1996 Calycoceras (Newboldiceras) asiaticum asiaticum (Jimbo, fig. 38). 1894); Wright and Kennedy, p. 239, pl. 58, fig. 1; pl. 64, figs Material. BELUM K11578, from Collin Glen, County Antrim. The 1e2; pl. 65, figs 1e3, 5, 7; pl. 72, fig. 3; text-figs 87aec, 88f, matrix indicates the specimen to be from the Islandmagee Silt- 97e98 (with full synonymy). stones Formation. 2010 Calycoceras (Newboldiceras) asiaticum asiaticum (Jimbo, Remarks. The specimen is crushed and the umbilical and inner flank 1894); Kennedy and Klinger,p.10,figs 32, 33aef, 34jel, p, regions are concealed by matrix. The maximum preserved diameter q, 36e38, 44dee, h, 57aef (with additional synonymy). is 85 mm. The original whorl section appears to have been polyg- 2015 Calycoceras (Newboldiceras) asiaticum asiaticum (Jimbo, onal in costal section. There are 20 ribs per half whorl at the 1894); Kennedy in Kennedy and Gale, p. 295, pl. 10, fig. 9; ventrolateral shoulder, primaries, long and short intercalatories. pl. 20, fig. 6; pl. 23, fig. 3 (with additional synonymy). The ribs are crowded, narrow, straight and prorsiradiate. The pri- 2015 Calycoceras (Newboldiceras) asiaticum asiaticum (Jimbo, mary ribs bear small umbilical bullae, and all ribs bear small conical 1894); Kennedy in Morel,p.141,fig. 135f. inner, and feebly clavate outer ventrolateral tubercles. The outer

Please cite this article in press as: Gale, A.S., et al., Stratigraphy and ammonite faunas of the Cenomanian rocks of Northern Ireland, UK, Cretaceous Research (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.03.022 A.S. Gale et al. / Cretaceous Research xxx (2017) 1e18 17 ventrolateral clavi are linked across the venter by a strong, trans- to the standard sequence boundaries of the Anglo-Paris Basin. The verse rib; there are small siphonal tubercles. transgressive base of the Belfast Marls is interpreted as corre- Ribbing style, density, and tuberculation indicate this specimen to sponding to the Ce3 flooding surface of Robaszynski et al. (1998); be a Newboldiceras. It compares well with better -preserved spec- the Belfast Marls-Island Magee Siltstones boundary to the imens from southern England, as with the original of pl. 65, fig. 7 in maximum flooding surface within Ce4, whilst the erosional Wright and Kennedy (1996) from the middle Cenomanian Chalk boundary between the Island Magee Siltstones and the Colinwell Basement Bed of Ringstead, Dorset. Reference is made to that paper Sands may correspond to the sub-plenus erosion surface. (p. 239) for a discussion of differences from other species and subspecies within the genus. Occurrence. Upper middle and lower upper Cenomanian, with re- Acknowledgements cords from Northern Ireland, southern England, northern and southern France, Spain, the Czech Republic, Romania, Bulgaria, We thank David Sansom (Oxford) for assistance in preparing the fi Algeria, Tunisia, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, Madagascar, gures. We are most grateful to Marcin Machalski (Warsaw), who southern India, Papua-New Guinea and Japan, and possibly Poland, provided a constructive review of an earlier version of this contri- Israel and China. bution, as did John Jagt (Maastricht), who also meticulously edited the text. Suborder Ancyloceratina Wiedmann, 1966 Superfamily Turrilitoidea Gill, 1871 Family Turrilitidae Gill, 1871 References

Genus and subgenus Mariella Nowak, 1916 Arkhangelsky, A.D., 1912. The Upper Cretaceous deposits of the eastern European Type species: Turrilites bergeri Brongniart, 1822, p. 395, pl. 7, fig. 3, Russia. Materialy dla geologii Rossii 25, 1e631 (in Russian). by original designation of Nowak (1916, p. 10). Brongniart, A., 1822. Sur quelques terrains de Craie hors du Bassin de Paris, pp. 80e101. In: Cuvier, G., Brongniart, A. (Eds.), Description geologique des environs Mariella (Mariella) essenensis (Geinitz, 1849) de Paris, 3rd edition. Dufour et d'Ocagne, Paris. 428 pp. Collignon, M., 1937. Ammonites cenomaniennes du sud-ouest de Madagascar. Fig.7EeF. Annales geologiques du Service des Mines, Madagascar 8, 29e72. Dames, W., 1874. Ueber Diluvialgeschiebe cenomanen Alters. Zeitschrift der deut- 1849 Turrilites essenensis Geinitz, p. 122, pl. 6, figs 1e2. schen geologischen Gesellschaft 26, 761e774. 1996 Mariella (Mariella) essenensis (Geinitz, 1849); Wright and Douville, H., 1890. 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