Confidential CERN/2823 Original: English 1 December 2008
ORGANIZATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE CERN EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Action to be taken Voting Procedure
COUNCIL - For Information RESTRICTED th 149 session 11 December 2008
STATUS REPORT ON
PARTICIPATION OF NON-MEMBER STATES IN THE CERN PROGRAMMES 2008
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
OVERVIEW OF CERN’S INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS ...... 3
APPENDIX A – LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR RELATIONS WITH CERN...... 7
APPENDIX B - CONTRIBUTIONS FROM NON-MEMBER STATES TO CERN ACCELERATORS...... 11
APPENDIX C – PARTICIPATIONS OF NON-MEMBER STATES IN CERN EXPERIMENTS...... 13
APPENDIX D – CONTRIBUTIONS OF NON-MEMBER STATES TO THE WORLDWIDE LHC COMPUTING GRID (WLCG ...... 17
APPENDIX E – INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS CURRENTLY IN FORCE..19
APPENDIX F – RELATIONS WITH INDIVIDUAL NON-MEMBER STATES....25
F1 - OBSERVER STATES ...... 27
F2 - STATES WITH INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION AGREEMENTS...... 39
F3 - OTHERS WITH ACTIVE SCIENTIFIC RELATIONS WITH CERN ...... 81
F4 - OTHERS WITH SCIENTIFIC CONTACTS WITH CERN..93
APPENDIX G - INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS WITH RELATIONS WITH CERN ...... 97
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Strategy
As laid down in its Convention, CERN’s primary missions are scientific research and international collaboration. The construction of any future front-line accelerator is likely to be an even more global project than has been the LHC, for scientific, technical and financial reasons. We expect that the construction of a global accelerator project will be led by a host region, with other regions enabling it. The growing trend of CERN’s existing collaborations with Non-Member States, including both Observer States and others, combined with the reducing number of other high-energy physics laboratories, provides a natural basis for proposing the CERN site for any future accelerator to the world particle–physics community. Such a proposal would build on the scientific, technical, diplomatic and personal relations established during the construction and operation of the LHC and its experiments. CERN’s experience in leading international collaborations, combined with the support of the Member States and the Host States’ encouragement, makes the Organization uniquely qualified to lead a future global accelerator project. CERN’s international agreements with Non-Member States lay the basis for this vision of CERN’s future. This vision is supported by the increasing interest expressed by many Non-Member States in developing long-term relationships with CERN, extending beyond the LHC programme to include the Organization’s other scientific activities
Background
The successful realization of the LHC is, above all, a testament to the strong and consistent support that CERN has received from its Member States during its construction. This has made possible the realization of a project whose scientific ambition and technical complexity is unequalled in any region of the world, at least in accelerator physics and related fields.
The construction of the LHC followed observations made by the CERN Review Committee in 1987 on the participation of Non-Member States in CERN Programmes, after which the Committee of Council, at its meeting on 23 February 1989, welcomed a closer scientific and technical co-operation with the many countries involved in CERN activities. Over the following years, and especially with the construction of the LHC, the participation of Non- Member States in CERN’s experimental programme has increased steeply.
The CERN Council required significant support from Non-Member States before giving its final approval to the LHC project. Subsequently, the full scope of the LHC accelerator and its experiments was made possible by the extent of contributions from Non-Member States. CERN Management reported on contributions to CERN by Non-Member States at the session of Council in June 2002 (CERN/CC/2448), and CERN Council approved a new procedure for the conclusion of International Co-operation Agreements with Non-Member States (CERN/CC/2413). As reported in detail in 2004 in CERN/2587, in 2006 in CERN/2704 and updated here, these amount to a total LHC project value of some 430 MCHF to the LHC accelerator and its injectors, 380 MCHF to the LHC experiments, and 70 MCHF to current non-LHC experiments at CERN. In addition to these purely financial contributions, the
2008/159/5/e 2 CERN/2823 intellectual and technical contributions of Non-Member-State physicists and engineers have been invaluable. In July 2008, the number of registered users from the Member States was 5860, the number from Observer States was 2756 and the number of users from other Non- Member States was 744. Thus, Non-Member-State users represented 37% of the total.
Future CERN’s relations with Non-Member States continue to grow, reflecting increased globalization and the uniqueness of CERN’s experimental programme, centred on the LHC. De facto, CERN is a “European Global Laboratory” that carries upon its shoulders most of the scientific community’s hopes for the next advances in the world’s understanding of matter and its role in the evolution of the Universe. Countries around the world show increasing interest in developing long-term relationships with CERN that extend beyond the LHC programme.
In addition to the unique capabilities of the LHC at the high-energy frontier and the impending closures of particle accelerators elsewhere, there is also global interest in other unique facilities such as CNGS, ISOLDE, nTOF, the AD and a fixed-target programme. The openness of CERN to qualified and interested scientists from anywhere in the world is also uniquely attractive, and quite in line with the mandate of the CERN Convention for fostering international collaboration.
This will evolve in support of the European Strategy for particle physics agreed by Council, and thus the following scientific and technical priorities are (1) to secure global support for the LHC experimental programme, including high-performance computing, on a sustainable basis, (2) to encourage Non-Member-State participation in its R&D programmes for possible upgrades to the LHC, its experiments and CERN’s proton accelerator complex, (3) to welcome partners in CLIC R&D. In this way, CERN is preparing the ground for possible future accelerator construction projects.
In line with the latter priorities, several Non-Member States are already participating in the Linac4 project, and participating in R&D for other elements of the LHC upgrade programme and CLIC. In the short term, these projects offer interesting opportunities for extending to accelerator projects the global pattern of collaboration that already exists for the LHC experiments.
This document summarizes the current status of CERN’s relations with Non-Member States. An essential role in governing these relations is played by international agreements signed with CERN. These are also described, together with the arrangements for monitoring them, and the status of CERN’s existing International Co-operation Agreements (ICAs) is reviewed. CERN’s motivations for signing new ICAs derive from the overall strategy and the scientific and technical priorities set out above. This document also describes relations with other countries with which CERN has not signed international agreements, and presents guidelines for further ICAs that the Director-General may propose to Council in the future.
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Overview of CERN’s International Agreements
Observer States
CERN currently has six Observer States (India, Israel, Japan, Russia, Turkey and the USA). Reflecting their important contributions to the LHC accelerator, three of these (Japan, Russia and the USA) have Special LHC Observer status, according to which they are invited to Restricted Sessions of Council dealing with LHC matters; all Observer States are invited to Open Sessions of Council. The Observer States generally have large communities of registered CERN users, who benefit from the operation of CERN’s accelerators and other facilities. However, Israel is the only Observer State that makes an annual contribution to CERN, currently valued at 25% of its estimated membership fee, and thereby supports CERN’s general infrastructure and operations.
An enquiry about becoming an Observer State has been received from representatives of Pakistan, and interest has also been expressed in other Non-Member States such as Canada and China. The criteria for being accepted as an Observer State have not been detailed by Council.
Two Observer States have expressed official interest in joining CERN as full Members (Israel and Turkey), and Russia has also expressed official interest in a closer and continuing relationship with CERN. In each case, Membership of the Organization would certainly bring scientific and technical benefits to CERN, but would also raise political issues that only Council can resolve. The existing status of Associate Member of CERN has not yet been found attractive. More flexible forms of association might be of more interest, linked either to a specific project, or with the Organization in general.
The other Observer States (India, Japan and the USA) may well be able to provide additional financial resources for the realization of a possible future accelerator project at CERN, and might become candidates for some form of closer association with CERN, providing mutually beneficial arrangements could be made.
States with International Co-operation Agreements
In addition to the Observer States, CERN currently has ICAs with 39 additional countries. The values to CERN of these co-operations vary widely. Depending on the country, the number of users registered as working at CERN may vary from over 100 to just a handful. Some of these countries have also made substantial contributions to the construction of the LHC, its detectors and its injector chain. We now discuss some specific categories of Non- Member States with ICAs.
European States
CERN has ICAs with 18 European Non-Member States (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Georgia, Iceland, Lithuania, FYR of Macedonia, Malta,
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Montenegro, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Turkey, and Ukraine). Physicists and officials from several of these countries have expressed interest in joining CERN on some occasions. Romania has applied officially to become a Member State, and Serbia has expressed its intention to do so. Whereas the Membership of several of the other European Non-Member States would also bring unquestionable scientific benefits to CERN, some others have as yet very small scientific communities collaborating with CERN. In the short term, the first priority should be to help them develop their research communities, and in the longer term a suitable institutional framework should be developed for them.
Large Non-European States
Some large non-European States that are not Observers have also important contributions to the CERN infrastructure, notably Canada and Pakistan. Canada provided valuable contributions to the LHC and its injector chain, and Pakistan is now contributing significantly to CERN accelerator R&D projects. Both Canada and Pakistan are potential candidates to become Observer States, if Council considers that they make significant contributions to the CERN infrastructure. Thus the non-Observer States may also be able to provide additional financial resources for the realization of a possible future accelerator project at CERN. China is another large Non-Member State that could become a valuable partner for CERN. So far it has made a negligible contribution to the CERN accelerators, while developing its national programmes in accelerator physics.
Latin America
In recent years, collaboration between Latin-American countries and CERN has expanded significantly. This reflects the recent rapid economic growth in the region and the corresponding increasing support for R&D, as well as the region’s search for a more global profile. For the past three years, the expansion in CERN’s collaboration with the region has received valuable support from the European Union through the HELEN and EELA networks in physics and information technology, respectively. The most prominent Latin-American country at CERN is Brazil. However, neither it nor any other Latin-American country has yet made a significant contribution to the CERN infrastructure.
Middle East and North Africa
Another region where collaboration with CERN has been expanding in recent years has been the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Many of these countries in this region have substantial human and financial resources, but currently have small communities working in particle and accelerator physics. They are interested in expanding them, and CERN is co- operating with them to develop their collaborations with the Organization. As an example, Saudi Arabia has already joined R&D on the Linac4 project, and has recently signed a Protocol to its existing ICA with CERN that foresees the possibility of hardware and engineering contributions to the planned upgrade of the LHC injector complex. This and other countries in the MENA region clearly have the potential to make contributions to future accelerator projects.
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Other regions
Whilst CERN has some limited scientific collaborations in Australasia, Southeast Asia and Africa, e.g., with Australia, New Zealand, Vietnam and South Africa, the potentials for beneficial co-operation with countries in these regions has yet to be realized.
International Organizations
The European Union (EU) has supported several aspects of CERN’s relations with non- Member States. For example, EU funds for INTAS and ISTC have been very helpful in the past for CERN’s relations with Russia. CERN has also received substantial EU funding through the Framework Programmes for several Grid computing projects such as EGEE. CERN has received funding for a number of Host Fellowship projects, which are open to nationals of both European and non-European non-Member States. CERN has also received substantial financial support from the EU for R&D projects including CARE, DIRAC, EUDET, EURISOL, EURONS and EUROTEV (funded by FP6), and SLHC-PP, EUROnu, and EuCARD (funded by FP7). Other EU-funded programmes that have been beneficial to CERN include HELEN and EELA (mentioned above).
CERN’s relations with other international organizations have potential for development. In particular, CERN’s relations with the United Nations and its subsidiary organizations are currently limited in scope. We see good prospects for expanded collaboration with the United Nations Institute for Training and research (UNITAR). Collaboration with UNESCO is already expanding, in particular though its International Basic Science Programme (IBSP).
We present below an update of the survey of CERN’s international collaborations shown at the end of 2006 in CERN/2704.
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Appendix A – Legal Instruments for Relations with CERN
In addition to Full Membership, CERN possesses various other legal instruments for governing its relations with Non-Member States. These include the status of Candidate for Accession - which provides for preparation of a country’s physics community and administrative structures prior to full Membership - Associate Status - which provides a status close to Membership open to non-European countries: in return for contributing significant resources to CERN, their representatives have the right to speak in Council, their firms may bid for CERN contracts, and their nationals may apply for staff positions - and Observer Status (currently held by India, Israel, Japan, Russia, Turkey and the United States, as well as UNESCO and the European Union) – which entitles a country to send a delegation to attend open sessions of the Council. Japan, Russia and the United States are Special Observers, with the right to attend restricted sessions of the Council dealing with LHC matters. Likewise, in recognition of its long-standing contribution, Israel has a similar entitlement.
The Protocol on the Privileges and Immunities of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, as recently approved by Council and in force after ratification by sufficient Member States’ Parliaments, is also open for accession by Non-Member States. CERN’s collaborations with Non-Member States would benefit if these States would also sign that Protocol.
CERN may also sign International Co-operation Agreements (ICAs) with Governments and their Agencies, subject to approval by Council. These are generally supplemented by Protocols (Ps) governing a Non-Member State’s participation in specific CERN programmes such as the LHC, about which Council is also informed on a regular basis. Non-Member-State contributions to specific projects such as the LHC experiments are governed by Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) signed with the collaborations concerned.
CERN may also sign Collaboration Agreements with other international organizations, which may be supplemented by Addenda on specific areas of collaboration.
Proposals for new ICAs
Within the above framework, proposals for new ICAs are based on the mutual benefits to CERN and its partners, and mainly concern European Non-Member States and non-European countries with emerging economies. These two general categories have specific features. In the cases of European countries:
- In signing an ICA with a European country, CERN, as a contributor to the unity of Europe and according to its Convention, assumes its mission under the Convention to help scientists in European countries develop their research activities in particle physics and related fields, and CERN may expect benefits from the increased participation in its programmes of qualified scientists and engineers, as well as valuable technical and financial resources;
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- A European country that meets the appropriate scientific, industrial and political conditions may subsequently become a candidate for accession to Membership.
In the cases of non-European countries:
- There may be different balances between the human, technical and financial resources, and ICAs with larger countries may offer greater mutual benefits in the short term;
- Some of the benefits to CERN may be longer-term as new communities of particle physicists develop;
- Collaborations with non-European countries frequently develop through their existing relations with individual Member States, e.g., Italy, Spain and Portugal in the case of Latin America and France in the case of Algeria and Vietnam;
- Collaborations with non-European countries also serve to share European culture in the scientific, technical and other spheres.
Information for Council concerning proposals for new ICAs
In order for Council to exercise in an informed way its prerogative whether to authorize the Director-General to sign a proposed ICA on behalf of CERN, any such proposal should be accompanied by the following background information:
- A description of the Non-Member-State Government Ministry or other Agency that wishes to sign the ICA, including a summary of its priorities and plans, particularly for scientific and technical disciplines;
- A list of the academic institutions of the Non-Member State that are known to be interested in collaborating with CERN;
- A description of the community (size, resources, interests) of scientists, engineers and other technical personnel interested in collaborating with CERN including, where appropriate, a roadmap for its future development;
- A list of the CERN projects in which the Non-Member State is already collaborating, its planned contributions and any further involvements that may be envisaged;
- An explanation how the proposed ICA would fit into CERN’s overall scientific and technical strategy, as set out above and in CERN/2587 and CERN/2704.
Monitoring Co-operation with Non-Member States
In most cases, CERN and the experimental collaborations have followed ICAs up by signing with Non-Member-State Governments, Funding Agencies and other Institutions Protocols
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(Ps) and MoUs that detail the concrete resources contributed to CERN programmes by these partners.
The more important of CERN’s collaborative agreements with Non-Member States are generally overseen by committees with representatives from the CERN management and the country concerned. In the cases of the United States and Russia, these take the form of biannual meetings involving, for example, the Russian Minister of Education and the CERN Director-General. There are also annual meetings between KEK and CERN to monitor the collaboration between Japan and CERN. Several International Co-operation Agreements with other Non-Member States are also overseen by joint committees.
As concerns the LHC experiments and the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid, their finances are overseen biannually by the Resources Review Boards (RRBs), in which the Member-State and other funding agencies are fully represented. The RRBs verify the Non-Member-State contributions to the finances of each Collaboration. Each new country wishing to participate in an LHC experiment is required to pay an entrance fee fixed by the Collaboration Board, and every participating country is further required to pay an agreed annual fee to cover Maintenance and Operations that is proportional to the number of participating physicists with PhDs, in addition to making an agreed to the construction of the detector.
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Appendix B - Contributions from Non-Member States to CERN Accelerators
Non-Member States’ contributions to the LHC have been sought since 1993, with an initial target figure of 500 MCHF. Table 1 below shows the contributions to the LHC machine and its injector complex. The signed and pledged contributions to the Linac4, CTF3 and CLIC Machine Study are given in Table 2.
The sums for the LHC are contributions in cash (Japan), in cash refunded on the basis of industrial purchases (USA), in-kind contributions (Japan, USA and Canada), and in-kind contributions through laboratories offset by a Fund to which CERN has paid an agreed fraction of the contribution (Russia and India). All such contributions are based on International Co-operation Agreements and Protocols. For the in-kind contributions, the sums in the table are based on net equivalent European prices in 1996, using the exchange rates agreed at the time of the signature of the documents.
The total Protocol values are about 597 MCHF. In order to calculate the net LHC project values for accounting purposes, the cash contributions have been converted as was discussed above, as have the refunds of industrial purchases, if necessary. In-kind contributions made through laboratories have been assigned the Net European Value of the equipment procured in this way, from which the CERN contributions via Offset Funds have been deducted, if necessary.
Protocol Values LHC Project Country Type (MCHF) Values (MCHF) Canada 39.100 18.720 In-kind India 30.200 18.385 In-kind, CERN pays Japan 136.332 119.285 Cash + In-kind Russia 103.333 89.665 In-kind, CERN pays a fraction USA 287.825 177.975 In-kind + Purchases from US Industries TOTAL 596.790 424.030
Table 1: Contributions of Non-Member States to the LHC and its injector complex. The currency conversions are based on exchange rates at the time of the agreements. The Japanese contribution includes 2050 M JPY for LHC experiments, which is excluded here from the LHC project value.
We note that the LHC audit report in February 2005 included only the value to CERN of contributions made directly to the LHC machine, which it evaluated at some 430 CHF. This report excluded contributions to the LHC injectors and other CERN accelerators, the costs of R&D and prototyping, manpower on- and off-site, spare parts and overheads. These additional costs, which would otherwise have been borne by CERN and its Member States, are included in Table 1. Investments in the construction of Linac4 and CTF3 and contributions to R&D for the SPL and the CLIC Machine Study are shown in Table 2. They are based on pledges as well as agreed Protocols and Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs). India has set aside 5 MCHF for
2008/159/5/e 12 CERN/2823 accelerator collaboration with CERN, of which half is provisionally assigned to Linac4 and SPL. Manpower contributions between 2004 and 2010 are evaluated at 150 KCHF/y. Some additional manpower is also being contributed by Israel and Japan.
LINAC4/SPL Country Contribution (MCHF) India 2.5 Pakistan 0.4 Russia 1.88 Saudi Arabia 1.65 Total 6.43
CLIC/CTF3 Country Contribution (MCHF) China 0.01 India 0.30 Iran 0.38 Japan 0.20 Pakistan 1.50 Russia 1.49 Turkey 1.24 Ukraine 0.47 USA 2.53 Total 8.12
Table 2: Agreed contributions of Non-Member States to Linac4/SPL, and CLIC/CTF3.
In addition, Japan made contributions to the AD facility, which are not shown here.
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Appendix C – Participations of Non-Member States in CERN Experiments
Distribution of CERN Users by Locations of Institutes
This map displays the numbers of persons registered on 15 July 2008 as using CERN facilities, according to the geographical locations of their institutes. In addition to the locations shown above, the users of CERN include nationals of 30 other countries.
The numbers of authors listed on the country pages in Appendix F below are those for whom M&O expenses are paid. They do not include, e.g., students, some engineers and administrative staff.
In some cases of Non-Member States participating through JINR, the numbers of participants are listed: these numbers are taken from the electronic ‘Grey Book’ of CERN experiments.
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Participations in LHC experiments: key to information
1. Tables 3 to 6 summarize the participations of 36 Non-Member States and JINR in the four largest LHC experiments.
2. “Numbers of authors” are physicists or senior engineers, authors of the publications describing the results of the experiment carried out by the collaboration. They are registered as Members of experimental collaborations, and form the basis for calculating maintenance and operation (M&O) contributions. Other participants, such as students and technicians, are not included in these numbers.
3. “Contributions” to the four LHC experiments (ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, LHCb) are the sums of all non-recurrent investments already provided and committed under formal Agreements such as MoUs. They are expressed in Net Western Value in units of KCHF. The amounts do not include any recurrent contributions, such as those to cover M&O costs, which are assessed pro rata for all the Members. The contributions to the other LHC experiments (LHCf and TOTEM) and to non-LHC experiments have not been updated since the previous report (CERN/2704).
ALICE Country No. authors Contribution (KCHF) Armenia 1 161 Brazil 7 - China 7 1631 Croatia 4 217 India 30 3169 Japan 9 1310 JINR 6 2489 Korea 8 295 Mexico 13 405 Romania 9 551 Russia 39 13153 South Africa 6 45 Ukraine 5 1080 USA 32 214 Total 176 24720
Table 3: Contributions of Non-Member States to the ALICE experiment.
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ATLAS Country No. authors Contribution (KCHF) Argentina 7 275 Armenia 1 240 Australia 17 2852 Azerbaijan 5 138 Belarus 7 275 Brazil 11 226 Canada 96 17165 Chile 8 323 China 20 1716 Colombia 5 138 Georgia 5 138 Israel 35 5774 Japan 82 36537 Morocco 7 397 Romania 17 690 Russia 71 20014 Serbia 8 300 Slovenia 10 1723 Taipei 13 3445 Turkey 16 425 USA 488 88435 Total 929 181226
Table 4: Contributions of Non-Member States to the ATLAS experiment.
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CMS Country No. authors Contribution (KCHF) Brazil 9 37 China 13 5615 Croatia 7 502 Cyprus 3 839 Estonia 2 156 India 26 6000 Iran 3 2010 Ireland 1 20 Korea 12 2367 Lithuania 2 300 Mexico 5 0 New Zealand 3 12 Pakistan 3 4074 RDMS 72 22730 Serbia 3 482 Taipei 11 2906 Turkey 18 1319 USA 418 125962 Total 611 175331
Table 5: Contributions of Non-Member States to the CMS experiment.
LHCb Country No. authors Contribution (KCHF) Brazil 12 55 China 3 57 Ireland 3 37 Romania 4 73 Russia 32 700 Ukraine 4 46 USA 6 373 Total 64 1341
Table 6: Contributions of Non-Member States to the LHCb experiment.
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Appendix D – Contributions of Non-Member States to the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG)
The first column of Table 7 below lists the numbers of kS12K CPU units pledged and planned for Tier-1 and Tier-2 centres in the corresponding Non-Member States. The second and third columns list the Terabytes of disk and tape space, respectively, that have been committed. The numbers in brackets are those planned to be pledged for 2013. Some countries are providing manpower support to WLCG deployment at CERN: India 22.8 FTE, Russia 9.3 FTE, Taipei 21.6 FTE. In addition, the value to CERN of the EU funding to EGEE I, II and III is 38.8 MCHF.
kS12K units Disk (Tbytes) in Tape (Tbytes) Country in 2008 (2013) 2008 (2013) in 2008 (2013) Australia 150 (860) 70 (370) Canada 910 (5660) 659 (7850) 390 (4110) China (Beijing) 750 (800) 80 (80) China (Taipei) 3800 (12020) 1650 (5350) 1300 (4500) India 900 (1600) 480 (990) Japan 100 (7500) 400 (1500) Korea 100 (150) 30 (50) Pakistan 800 (1360) 200 (300) Romania 1300 (4830) 260 (1510) Russia 3000 (17000) 600 (5700) 0 (3000) Slovenia 300 (1500) 150 (750) Turkey 850 (2450) 310 (900) Ukraine 1170 (4500) 60 (170) US 21110 (84230) 8100 (48590) 6420 (29630) Total 35240 (144460) 13049 (74110) 8110 (41240)
Table 7: Contributions of Non-Member States to the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid.
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Appendix E – International Agreements Currently in Force
For each Non-Member State, the International Co-operation Agreement(s) with a relevant Governmental Institution is listed, together with its date of first signature.
Algeria (ICA-AL-0108) Accord de Coopération entre CERN et le Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur de la Recherche scientifique de la République Algérienne démocratique et populaire, 30 April 2008
Argentina (ICA-AR-0003) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de la Republica Argentina (CONICET) concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in the research projects of CERN, 11 March 1992
Argentina (ICA-AR-0102) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Argentina, 18 September 2007.
Armenia (ICA-AM-0004) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of Armenia concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in high-energy physics, 25 March 1994
Australia (ICA-AU-0005) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of Australia concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in the research projects of CERN, 1 November 1991
Australia (ICA-AU-0099) Memorandum of Understanding between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Department of Innovation, Industry and Regional Development, Victoria, Australia, 1 June 2007.
Australia (ICA-AU-01053) Memorandum of Understanding between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Australian Synchrotron, 24 December 2007.
Azerbaijan (ICA-AZ-0006) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in high-energy physics, 3 December 1997
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Belarus (ICA-BY-0007) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Belarus concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in high-energy physics, 28 June 1994
Bolivia (ICA-BO-0100) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of Bolivia, 3 July 2007
Brazil (ICA-BR-0009) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico do Brasil (CNPq) concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in the research projects of CERN, 19 February 1990
Brazil (ICA-BR-0095) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico do Brasil (CNPq), 13 September 2006.
Canada (ICA-CA-0011) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the TRIUMF Laboratory, 11 December 1996
Chile (ICA-CL-0012) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT), 10 October 1991
China (ICA-CN-0016) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), 14 August 1997
China (People’s Republic of) (ICA-CN-0087) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the People's Republic of China, 17 February 2004
Colombia (ICA-CO-0017) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and El Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia 'Francisco Jose de Caldas' (Colciencias), 15 May 1993
Croatia (ICA-HR-0020) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Croatia, 18 July 1991
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Cyprus (ICA-CY-0092) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Cyprus, 14 February 2006
Cyprus (ICA-CY-0094) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Cyprus concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in High-Energy Physics, 14 February 2006
Ecuador (ICA-EC-0023) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Secretaria Nacional De Ciencia Y Technologia (Senacyt), 15 June 1999
Egypt (ICA-EG-0091) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt, 16 January 2006
Estonia (ICA-EE-0024) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Republic of Estonia, 23 April 1996
Georgia (ICA-GE-0025) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of Georgia, 11 October 1996
Iceland (ICA-IS-0028) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of Iceland, 11.09.1996
India (ICA-IN-0029) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) of the Government of India, 28 March 1991
Iran (ICA-IR-0032) Memorandum of Understanding between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 5 July 2001
Israel (ICA-IL-0033) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the State of Israel, 8 September 1990
Israel (ICA-IL-0097) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the State of Israel, 4 December 2006
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Japan (ICA-JP-0038) Memorandum of Understanding between CERN and Monbusho, 20 January 1997
Japan (ICA-JP-0039) Agreement on Academic Exchanges between CERN and the Japanese National Laboratory for High Energy Physics (KEK), 14 September 1994
Japan (ICA-JP-0103) Agreement on Collaborative work between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the High-Energy Accelerator Research Organization Japan (KEK), 20 August 2008
Jordan and SESAME (ICA-JO-0089) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Synchrotron-Light for experimental science and applications in the Middle East (SESAME), 28 July 2004
Korea (Republic of) (ICA-KR-0096) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Korea, 25 October 2006
Lithuania (ICA-LT-0088) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, 9 November 2004
Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of) (ICA-YU-0040) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the University of Skopje, Yugoslavia, 1 November 1990
Malta (ICA-MT-0106) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the Republic of Malta, 10 January 2008
Mexico (ICA-MX-0041) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) of the United States of Mexico, 20 February 1998
Montenegro (ICA-ME-0104) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of Montenegro, 7 December 2007
Morocco (ICA-MA-0042) Co-operation Agreement between the Centre National de Coordination et de Planification de la Recherche scientifique et technique du Maroc (CNCPRST) and CERN, 14 April 1997
New Zealand (ICA-NZ-0084) Memorandum of Understanding between CERN and the Government of New Zealand, 4 December 2003
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Pakistan (ICA-PK-0047) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1 November 1994
Peru (ICA-PE-0048) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia del Peru (CONCYTEC), 23 February 1993
Romania (ICA-RO-0051) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Government of Romania, 1 October 1991
Russia (ICA-RU-0001) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Government of the Russian Federation, 30 October 1993
Saudi Arabia (ICA-SA-0093) Co-operation agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) on behalf of the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 21 January 2006
Serbia, Former Republic of Yugoslavia (ICA-YU-0066) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Government of the Republic of Serbia, 8 June 2001
Slovenia (ICA-SI-0053) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Executive Council of the Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia, 7 January 1991
South Africa (ICA-ZA-0054) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and Foundation for Research Development (FRD) concerning the further development of scientific and technical co-operation in the research projects of CERN, 4 July 1992
Turkey (ICA-TR-0107) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEK), 14 April 2008
Ukraine (ICA-UA-0055) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Government of the Ukraine, 2 April 1993
United Arab Emirates (ICA-AE-0090) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Government of the United Arab Emirates, 18 January 2006
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USA (ICA-US-0058) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Department of Energy of USA and the National Science Foundation of USA, 8 December 1997
Vietnam (ICA-VN-0101) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 21 February 2008
CERN has also signed Agreements with the following international organizations.
European Union (EU) An Administrative Arrangement for scientific and technological co-operation between the European Commission and CERN was signed in 1994
International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) Collaboration Agreement between CERN and the ICTP, 16 December 2006
International Fusion Research Organization (ITER) Co-operation Agreement between the European Organization for Nuclear Research and the, ITER International Fusion Energy Organization, 6 March 2008
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) (ICA-RU-0002) Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), 29 May 1992
United Nations Organizations (K864/ETT/IT) Collaboration Agreement between UNOPS and CERN, 20 June 2002.
UNESCO CERN was founded under the auspices of UNESCO, which has had Observer Status at CERN since 1955, under an Agreement signed in 1956. A MoU was signed in 1996 between ROSTE (the UNESCO Venice Office) and CERN.
United Nations University (UNU) (K1326/DSU) A Memorandum of Understanding signed in October 2006
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Appendix F – Relations with Individual Non-Member States
Key to information
The data for each Non-Member State are presented on the following pages, listing the responsible agencies and contacts, and describing the history and present status of the involvement of the country in CERN programmes. Also included are lists of institutes or institutions of the country participating in the experiments and other programmes of CERN. These participations are defined in most cases by Memoranda of Understanding between the institute and CERN. Section F1 lists Observer States, which are followed in Section F2 by non-Member States with which CERN has signed International Co-operation Agreements. These are followed in Section F3 by a listing of others with which CERN has lower-level scientific relations, and in Section F4 by some that have made informal scientific contacts with CERN.
CERN’s relations with international organizations are summarized separately in Appendix G.
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F1 - Observer States
India
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) of the Government of India, 28 March 1991; Observer State 2002
Collaborating agency: Department of Atomic Energy and Atomic Energy Commission
Agency contact: Dr. Anil Kakodkar, Chairman Atomic Energy Commission, [email protected]
Physicist contacts: Prof. Atul Gurtu, CMS, Mumbai, [email protected] Prof. Bikash Sinha, ALICE, Kolkata, [email protected] Prof. V.C. Sahni, BARC and CAT, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: LHC (18385 KCHF), LINAC4/SPL (2500 KCHF), CLIC/CTF3 (300 KCHF),. Participating institutes: BARC, RRCAT, VECC, IGCAR, ECIL, ATL, IGTR, BHEL
Participations in experiments: CMS (26 authors, 6000 KCHF). Participating institutes: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Punjab University (PU), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR-EHEP), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR-HECR), University of Delhi South Campus,(UD).
ALICE: (30 authors, 3169 KCHF). Participating institutes: Aligarh, Chandigarh, Jaipur, Jammu, Bhubaneswar, Saha, VECC Kolkata, and two Associate Institutes (Mumbai IIT, Mumbai BARC).
Participation in WLCG: 2 Tier-2 centres
Users registered at CERN: 94
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration:
High-energy physicists from India, mainly from TIFR, have been participating in experiments at CERN since the 1970ss. Subsequently, the TIFR-EHEP Group joined L3 experiment, contributing hardware for the endcap HCAL, making major contributions to core software and participating in important physics analyses such as the lineshape analysis, Higgs searches, QCD and b-quark physics. In the 1990s, The CAT Institute at Indore delivered hardware for LEP, and the Indian High Energy
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Heavy Ion Physics Team contributed to the construction of Photon Multiplicity Detector for the WA93 experiment at the CERN-SPS, followed by physics analyses and publications. All these developments paved the way for the Indian AEC’s decision in 1996 to take part in the construction of LHC and to collaborate in building CMS and ALICE detectors. The success of the DAE-CERN partnership in the LHC has also led to a new Co-operation on Novel Accelerator Technologies (NAT), which envisions DAE’s participation in CERN’s Linac4 and CTF3 projects, as well as CERN’s contribution to DAE’s programmes, and a total of 5 MCHF is available in NAT for CTF3, Linac4 and SPL. There are ongoing discussions on establishing an Indian Summer Student Programme, extending and formalizing previous participations by individual students.
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Israel
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Israel, 8 September 1991; Observer State 1991
Collaborating agencies: Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour (87%), Ministry of Science, Culture and Sports (13%)
Agency contact: Eliezer Rabinovici, Scientific Delegate to Council, Hebrew U., Phone: + 972 54 88 20640, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Giora Mikenberg, Weizmann Inst., 16-0507, Giora.Mikenberg@cern.ch
Participations in accelerator projects: CERN budget (23.1 MCHF in-kind, 6.9 MCHF cash)
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (35, 5774 KCHF); COMPASS (2 authors, 50 KCHF); OPERA (1 author); RD50 (4 authors); ISOLDE (5 authors)
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: Tel Aviv U., Technion Inst., Weizmann Inst., Hebrew U., Nuclear Research Center Negev (Beer Sheva)
Users registered at CERN: 57
History and status of collaboration: Israel has a strong tradition in both experimental and theoretical particle physics, with a strong involvement in the OPAL experiment at LEP. Israel became an Observer State in 1991, following an Agreement to contribute funds to CERN to be used to support Israeli scientists working at CERN, and to contribute equipment to CERN. The Israeli fund has also been used to contribute to LEP running, to support LHC construction and CLIC R&D, and to support Palestinian students at CERN. Israel currently has a strong involvement in ATLAS, and also participates in experiments using fixed targets and ISOLDE. Israel also paid for an average of two FTEs to work at CERN over a period of four years on Phase 1 of the WLCG, and is now contributing to the deployment of the worldwide LHC computing Grid. On several occasions, Israeli authorities have raised the possibility of Israel joining CERN, and this issue is currently active.
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Japan
Highest-level agreement: MoU with Monbusho was signed on 20 January 1997 Special Observer State
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Education, Culture, Science, Sport and Technology (MeXT) KEK Laboratory
Agency contact: Satoru Ohtake, Director, Basic and Generic Research Division MeXT, +81-3-6734-4098, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Atsuko Suzuki, Director-General, KEK, [email protected] Katsuo Tokushuku, leader of Japanese ATLAS team, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: CLIC (200 KCHF), LHC (119,285 KCHF)
Participations in experiments: ALICE (9 authors, 1310 KCHF); ATLAS (82, 36537 KCHF); LHCf (10 authors); COMPASS (6 authors, 2600 KCHF); OPERA 24 authors, 49350 KCHF) ; ASACUSA (13 authors, 8500 KCHF); ALPHA (3 authors); DIRAC (5 authors); nTOF (2 authors); MERIT (1 author)
Participating institutes: Hiroshima U., Hiroshima Inst. Tech., KEK, Kobe U., Kyoto U., Kyoto U. Ed., Nagasaki U., Nagoya U., Okayama U., Ritsumeikan U., Shinshu U., Tokyo U., Tokyo Met. U., Tsukuba U.
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Users registered at CERN: 192
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Japan has a strong domestic programme based on KEK and the Kamioka Laboratory, and is currently constructing the J-PARC facility for nuclear and particle physics. Japan made an important contribution to the OPAL experiment at LEP, as well as to CHORUS and the AD facility. Japan made a very important financial and technical contribution to the LHC accelerator, as well as to ATLAS via KEK, Tokyo and other universities. Japanese institutions have also joined ALICE and LHCf. Japan’s Special Observer Status at CERN enables it to participate in LHC discussions in restricted Council sessions, as well as attend its public sessions. Japan contributed to the material costs of Phase 1 of the WLCG at CERN and is now contributing to
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deployment of the WLCG with a Tier-2 centre. Japan is also a key contributor to the OPERA experiment, principally via Nagoya University, and to ASACUSA at the AD. Japan is one of the principal proponents of the ILC, but is also making a valuable contribution to CLIC R&D, where KEK has important relevant expertise. CERN and KEK signed a framework agreement in 2008 and a CERN-KEK Committee was set up to advise the two laboratories on their future collaboration, including contributions to R&D on LHC upgrades.
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Russian Federation
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of the Russian Federation, 30 October 1993; Observer
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Education and Science (Rosscience)
Agency contact: Yuri Kozlov, Head of the Department for Research and new Technology Development of the Federal Agency of Science and Innovations, [email protected] , Federal Agency of Science and Innovation, bld. 11, constr.1, Tverskaya str., 125009, Moscow, Russia Tel: +7 495 629 65 94 Fax: +7 495 629 50 75
Physicist contact: Academician A. Skrinsky, Director, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, [email protected] Viktor Savrin, Deputy Director of Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Moscow State University (SINP MSU), [email protected] , SINP MSU, Vorobyevy Gory, 119992, Moscow, Russia Tel: +7 495 939 53 15 Fax: +7 495 939 03 97
Participations in accelerator projects: LHC (89.7 MCHF), CLIC/CTF3 (1488 KCHF), Linac4 (1.88 MCHF)
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (71 authors, 20014 KCHF); ALICE (40 authors, 13.153 MCHF, JINR 2489 KCHF); CMS (60 authors, contribution of the Russia-Dubna Member States collaboration (RDMS) of 22.7 MCHF); LHCb (32 authors, 2.5 MCHF).
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: A.F.Ioffe Physical Technical Institute (St. Petersburg), Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, BINP, (Novosibirsk), Kurchatov Institute for Nuclear Research (Moscow), Institute for High Energy Physics, IHEP, (Protvino), Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ITEP, (Moscow), Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, SINP MSU, (Moscow), Moscow Physical Engineering Institute, MEPhI, (Moscow), Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, PNPI, (Gatchina), Institute for Nuclear Research, INR, (Troitsk), P.N. Lebedev Institute of Physics, LPI, (Moscow), Russian Federal Nuclear Center, VNIIEF (Sarov), St.-Petersburg State University (St. Petersburg)
Users registered at CERN: 905
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Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Individual contacts with scientists from the then Soviet Union started at the height of the Cold War in 1964, and formal Co-operation in 1967. The strong Russian scientific tradition in both theoretical and experimental physics helped resist the negative effects of the very serious economical problems Russia had to pass through between 1991 and 2000. The external support of Western physics institutes and CERN was essential during this period for maintaining sufficient optimism in the Russian scientific community and keeping alive the major Russian physics institutes. The scientific co-operation with CERN is based on various Agreements and Protocols signed in 1967, 1975, 1983, 1991, 1993, 1996 and 2003. Russia has Special Observer Status at CERN, enabling it to participate in LHC discussions in Council, as well as its public sessions. The 1996 Protocol on the participation in the LHC project defined the first Russian contribution to the LHC accelerator and detectors, and has resulted in the contribution of about 73 MCHF to the LHC accelerator and of about 60 MCHF to the LHC detectors, both entirely fulfilled. The 2002 Extension to this agreement brought an additional contribution of 30 MCHF to the LHC accelerator, now nearly fully committed. The Russian contribution to LHC has also been supplemented by several projects made with the support of international programmes. Through the INTAS programme, active since 1999, four Joint Calls for 3.5 M Euro (about 40 projects) and 1 Joint Call for Young Scientists for 0.3 M Euro have been approved and executed. Through the ISTC collaboration, 34 projects for a total amount of 28 MCHF (of which ISTC contributed 11 MCHF) have been approved during the period 1996 – 2007, and the majority of them are now successfully completed. Russian companies received three Supplier Awards from ATLAS in 2003, Gold Awards from CMS in 2000, 2003 (3 awards), 2005, 2007, a Crystal Award in 2008 and an ALICE Industry Award in 2004. Rosscience continues - after the completion of the construction of the LHC projects - the funding of the Russian institutes collaborating with CERN and provides annually around 3 MCHF to the Russian team account to CERN for the visits and 2.5 MCHF for the M&O for the four LHC experiments. The State Corporation for Atomic Energy, Rosatom (the former Agency for Atomic Energy), is now continuing only to provide financial contributions to Rosatom institutes for their participation in the LHC. Almost all equipment for the LHC under the 1996 Protocol has been delivered to CERN and the major part of obligations of the 2002 Extension has also been completed. The latter, originally valid until the end of 2008, has been prolonged to be used for LHC purposes within the limit of the remaining funds (at present, about 4.5 MCHF of total contract value). The 2003 Protocol is now the official document governing Russian participation in the LHC programme. In 2006 Russia signed the MoUs for M&O for the four LHC experiments, and the Russian Institutes are active in the preparation of the LHC physics programmes. Russia participates in the WLCG as a federation of several centres at the Tier-2 level (RuTier-2), supporting all four LHC experiments. Russia is participating in the Linac4 project through three R&D projects, fully financed by ISTC. One of these projects, namely for the R&D of the CCDTL structures, is foreseen to be followed by the production of the structures in Russia,
2008/159/5/e 34 CERN/2823 provided that the financial support of ISTC is obtained for this project. Russian institutes are also contributing to the CLIC/CTF3 R&D programme. Rosscience has recently shown interest in strengthening relations with CERN, and there are discussions within Russia about becoming a Member State.
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Turkey
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Turkish Atomic Energy Commission (TAEK), 2008
Collaborating agency: TAEK
Agency contact: Ali Tanrikut, Vice-Prersident of TAEK, +312-295.8981, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Samim Erhan, CMS, 16-2209, [email protected] Metin Arik, ATLAS, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: CLIC (1237 KCHF)
Participations in experiments: CMS (18 authors, 1119 KCHF); ATLAS (16 authors, 425 KCHF); OPERA (3 authors); ISOLDE (1 author); CAST (3 authors, 20 KCHF)
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: Ankara U., Bogazici U., Cukurova U., Middle East Technical U.
Users registered at CERN: 61
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Turkish physicists have participated in a number of CERN experiments, notably CHORUS where they made several important contributions to data analysis. Turkey became an Observer State in 1961, a status formalized in 1986. Turkish physicists are active in CMS, ATLAS and CAST, and also present in OPERA and ISOLDE. In CMS, Turkey contributed to the Common Fund, data acquisition, trigger and mechanics for the forward HCAL, and the contribution to ATLAS includes mainly software and testing the TRT detector. Two Turkish companies, MFK and EAE, received the CMS Golden Award in 2003. A substantial team of Turkish physicists is engaged in simulations and theoretical work connected with CLIC, and Turkey is also providing highly-appreciated operators for CTF3. A majority of Turkish HEP physicists favour acceding to CERN, and the Chairman of TAEK expressed, during his 2008 visit to sign the Co-operation Agreement, the wish to move towards CERN Membership. The Turkish Prime Minister visited CERN on 17 November 2008, and stated that the issue should be discussed in the Turkish Cabinet.
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United States
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement was signed with the Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) of the United States of America, 8 December 1997
Collaborating agencies: DOE and NSF
Agency contacts: Dennis Kovar, DOE Director of Office of High-Energy Physics, +1-301-903-3624, [email protected]; John (Jack) Lightbody, NSF Deputy Assistant Director for Mathematical and Physical Sciences, +1-703-292-7378, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Robert (Bob) Cousins, CMS, 79387, [email protected], Howard Gordon, ATLAS, [email protected], Michael Tuts, ATLAS, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: CLIC (2525 KCHF); LHC (177975 KCHF); Linac4 (1 MCHF (tbc))
Participations in experiments: ALICE (44 authors, 214 KCHF); ATLAS (488 authors, 88435 KCHF); CMS (418 authors, 125962 KCHF); LHCb (6 authors, 373 KCHF); LHCf (1 author); ICARUS (5 authors); RD39 (2 authors); RD42 (8 authors); RD50 (28 authors); ATRAP (17 authors); ACE (8 authors, 188 KCHF); ALPHA (7 authors, 1257 KCHF); CLOUD (3 authors); nTOF (4 authors); MERIT (8 authors, 3016 KCHF); ISOLDE (12 authors); CAST (6 authors, 170 KCHF)
Participation in WLCG: 2 Tier-1 centres, 12 Tier-2 centres
Participating institutes: Albany, Argonne, Arizona, U. Texas Arlington, UC Berkeley, LBNL Berkeley, Boston, Brandeis, Brookhaven NL, Brown, SUNY Buffalo, California Poly., Caltech., Carnegie-Mellon, Chicago, Colorado, Columbia, Cornell, Creighton U., Southern Methodist U., U. Texas Dallas, UC Davis, Duke, Fairfield, Fermilab, U. of Florida, Florida Inst. Tech., Florida Int. U., Florida State U., Hampton, Harvard, Houston, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Iowa State U, UC Irvine, Jefferson NL, Kansas, Kansas State U., UC Los Angeles, Livermore NL, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Michigan State U., Minnesota, Mississipi, MIT, New Mexico, New York U., Northeastern U., Northwestern U., Notre Dame, Oak Ridge NL, Ohio State U., Oklahoma, Oklahoma State U., Oregon, Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Puerto Rico, Purdue U., Rice, UC Riverside, Rochester, Rockefeller, Ritgers, UC San Diego, UC santa Barbara, UC
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Santa Cruz, Syracuse, Washington, SLAC, U. Tennessee, Texas A&M, Texas Tech. U., Tufts, U. Illinois Urbana, Vanderbilt, Virginia, Wayne State U., Wisconsin, Yale
Users registered at CERN: 1447
History and status of collaboration: US physicists have been participating in a wide range of experiments at CERN for over 30 years, from the ISR through SPS fixed-target experiments, all the LEP experiments (L3, ALEPH, OPAL, DELPHI), heavy-ion experiments (NA45, NA49) and ISOLDE. Following the demise of the SSC in 1993, many US physicists joined ATLAS and CMS, and some have recently joined ALICE and LHCb. Over 1400 of the total US HEP community is registered at CERN, where they also work on many non-LHC experiments including the AD programme. The US has made large contributions to the LHC accelerator construction, coordinated by FNAL and BNL, under an Implementation Protocol that expired in 2007. The US also set up the LARP programme to support LHC commissioning, including both beam monitors and human resources, and R&D on magnets for a possible LHC upgrade. The US contributions to ATLAS and CMS have been invaluable. They were funded jointly by the DOE and NSF under an Implementation Protocol agreed in 1996 and finalized in 1997, which runs until 2017. The US user community has expanded by 48% since the last survey, as attention has shifted away from their domestic programme with the completions of the Tevatron, BABAR and CLEO experiments, and new groups have joined ATLAS and particularly CMS. The US also contributed manpower at CERN to the development of the WLCG, and is contributing two Tier-1 centres to its operations. The US has Special Observer Status at CERN, enabling it to participate in LHC discussions in restricted sessions of Council, as well as its public sessions. Groups from SLAC and Northwestern University already participate in the CLIC R&D programme, and the DOE has undertaken to strengthen this activity.
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F2 - States with International Co-operation Agreements
Algeria
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Algeria, 30 April 2008
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
Agency contact: Areski Saïdani Telephone: 00 213 21 91 29 07 or 00 213 661 68 48 36
Physicist contact: Chafik Benchouk, University Houari Boumedienne (Algiers), [email protected], [email protected]; Slimane Oussalah, Centre de Développement des Technologies Avancées (CDTA, Algiers), [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: Individual Algerian expatriates participate in ATLAS
Participating institutes: Potentially University Houari Boumedienne (Algiers), CDTA laboratory
Users registered at CERN:
History and status of collaboration: There have been many contacts between Algerian physicists working outside the country (principally in Marseilles, Grenoble and Annecy) and CERN, but until recently there has not been much activity within the country. This has changed recently, and the Algerian Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research expressed his support during a recent visit to CERN. An expression of interest for participation by Algerian physicists working within the country was received, and is being pursued with the Algerian government by external Algerian physicists working in ATLAS. This initiative also received an expression of support from the IN2P3 in France, and the Director-General signed a Co-operation Agreement with the Minister of Higher Education during a visit to Algiers. The University Houari Boumedienne (Algiers) and others, including the microelectronics laboratory CDTA, have expressed interest in collaborating with CERN.
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Argentina
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Government of the Republic of Argentina, 18 September 2007.
Collaborating agencies: Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (MINCYT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCYT)
Agency contacts: Dr. Jose Lino Barañao, Minister, MINCYT, +54-11 4313–1477/1484 Dr. Marta Rovira, President of CONICET, +54-11 5983-1420 Marcelo Rubio, President of ANPCYT, +54-11 4311-5424/5539
Physicist contacts: Prof. Maria Teresa Dova, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), [email protected], Prof. Ricardo Piegaia, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), [email protected], Mario Benedetti, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMP), [email protected].
Participations in accelerator projects: Power supplies for LHC magnets (UNMP).
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (7 authors, 275 KCHF)
Participating institutes: UBA, UNLP, UNMP
Users registered at CERN: 10
History and status of collaboration: One of the first participations of Argentinian scientists in CERN activities took place in 1975-1978 with scientists from UNMP participating in the design and modification of power supplies for focusing magnets in the group PS/PO. Subsequently, individual high-energy physicists participated in EMC and L3. In 1992 a CA was signed with CONICET, which was replaced in 2007 by a higher-level ICA with the Government of Argentina. The 3rd CERN-LA School of Physics, for postgraduate students working towards a PhD, was organized in Malargüe (Argentina) in 2005. The HELEN Network has been very helpful for the development of the CERN-Argentinian relations, being instrumental for the groups of UBA and UNLP to become members of the ATLAS Collaboration. Currently, a draft Protocol to the ICA-AR-102 of 2007
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is being under discussion with the Laboratory of Instrumentation and Control (LIC) of UNMP which aims to the development of a collaboration in the area of accelerators.
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Armenia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation agreement with Government of Armenia, 25 March 1994
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Economy till now; the Academy of Science will probably take over the responsibility for the relations with CERN.
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Albert Sirunyan; [email protected];
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (1 author, 240 KCHF), ALICE (1 author, 161 KCHF), CMS (6 participants, contribution through the Russia-Dubna Member States collaboration (RDMS) as JINR member), NA 57 (2 authors); NA 60 (1 author)
Participating institutes: Yerevan Physics Institute (YerPI, Yerevan) Users registered at CERN: 17
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: In the time of the Soviet Union, YerPI was an important laboratory with a 6 GeV electron synchrotron and a large engineering potential. During this period, many Armenian physicists participated independently or through JINR in several SPS experiments at CERN. The institute now has only a reduced level of activity, mainly taking opportunity of international collaborations with CERN, DESY, and CEBAF. Armenia participates in ATLAS and ALICE, and in CMS through RDMS as a Member of JINR. Despite a lack of financial support, Armenia has contributed visibly to these three LHC experiments, and has paid the fees and made its contribution to the Common Fund of ATLAS thanks to an important contract with industry. The team in ALICE is involved in the development of Grid technology, and has already implemented AliEn locally. The young Armenian HEP specialists are very skilled, but the lack of funding and external internet connectivity are obstacles to full-scale participation in the experiments, though Armenian physicists have already started participate in the LHC physics programmes for ATLAS, CMS and ALICE. YerPI has recently expressed interest in buying 200 declassified CERN computers that would permit them to create a Tier-2 cluster, and has agreement for funding from their Ministry. Armenia obtained a NATO grant for a good internet connection, and YerPI hopes to use it. The financing requested for next year from the State Committee for Science is just 30 KCHF for the M&O expenses of three LHC experiments and about the same amount for visits to CERN.
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Australia
Date of highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Australia, 1 November 1991; Memorandum of Understanding with the Australian Synchrotron,
Collaborating agency: Department of Education, Science and Training
Agency contact: Heather Dyne, +61 2 6240 8111
Physicist contacts: Prof. Geoffrey Taylor, University of Melbourne, [email protected] Prof. Kevin Varvell, University of Sydney, [email protected] Dr Mark Boland, Australian Synchrotron, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: Potentially CLIC
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (17 authors, 2852 KCHF)
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: University of Melbourne, University of Sydney, Australian Synchrotron
Users registered at CERN: 15
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Earlier participation by Australian physicists in UA2 and NOMAD has been followed up by substantial involvement in ATLAS. This is led by a group of high-energy physicists at the University of Melbourne and the University of Sydney, which also participate in the BELLE experiment at KEK in Japan. Australia participated in the Silicon Tracker of ATLAS and has also prepared a Tier-2 centre for the ATLAS Grid computing. Following a CERN initiative, workshops have recently been organized to promote a closer co-operation between the high-energy particle physics and astrophysics communities in Australia and New Zealand. This has enabled CERN to establish contacts with the University of Wollongong, which has developed a radiation dosimetry laboratory. Contacts have also been established with the Australian Synchrotron in Melbourne with a view of setting up collaboration on CLIC R&D and on LINAC4. To this end, a Memorandum of Understanding has been concluded between CERN and the Australian Synchrotron.
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Azerbaijan
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan, 3 December 1997
Collaborating agency: National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Agency contact: Mahmud Kerimov : President of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan tel: (+99412)492 35 29, e-mail: [email protected]
Physicist contact: Ovsat Abdinov, [email protected];
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (5 authors, 138 KCHF)
Participating institutes: Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Users registered at CERN: 4 History and status of collaboration: Azerbaijan suffered from economical and political isolation, a lack of resources and poor governmental support during the last decade. Nevertheless, the Baku group of physicists has contributed through JINR to the production of the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter, and participated in physics simulations. The situation has been improved visibly during last years, with better governmental support and funding, and there is considerable scientific and official interest in expanding Azerbaijan’s Co- operation with CERN. Following the initiative of the Azeri Ambassador to the UN who visited CERN in June 2006, and a subsequent visit of the CERN delegation to the Baku Institute of Physics, a new Protocol to the CA for the participation of Azeri institutes in high-energy physics experiments at CERN was signed in 2007, defining the training of young Azeri scientists (also with the support of JINR) and support to informatics development as highest priorities. Within this programme, in 2008 three Azeri students participated in the CERN Summer School, and the Baku Institute of Physics bought and installed a cluster of 300 declassified CERN computers. In spite of bad international connectivity, this constitutes an important step towards active participation of Azerbaijan in the Grid development and WLCG. Nevertheless, Azerbaijan should reinforce the activity and presence of the group of physicists collaborating with CERN.
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Belarus
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of the Republic of Belarus, 28 June 1994
Collaborating agency: State Committee for Science and Technology (SCST) of the Republic of Belarus
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Nikolai Shumeiko; [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (7 authors, 275 KCHF); CMS (22 participants, contribution through RDMS as JINR member), RD50 (2 participants).
Participating institutes: Belarus State University (Minsk), Research Institute for Nuclear Problems (Minsk), National Centre for Particle and High Energy Physics (Minsk), Research Institute for Applied Physical Problems (Minsk).
Users registered at CERN: 18
History and status of collaboration: Belarus has physics research centres with a good scientific basis, and is actively participating in both ATLAS and CMS. The contribution to CMS through JINR via the construction of the absorber for the Endcap Calorimeter is particularly significant, and in 2003 the MZOR plant obtained the CMS Gold award for this work. The same factory has also produced other equipment for ATLAS and CMS, and the Research Institute for Applied Physical Problems (Minsk) has contributed to the quality control process of the CMS crystals. Belarus has a strong community of particle physicists who could benefit in the future from the technical contribution already made. CERN has a Co-operation Agreement directly with Belarus, but its contribution to LHC has been most effective in the framework of the RDMS collaboration, and this framework will probably be maintained in the coming years. Recent contacts with Belarusian physicists and with the SCST show that Belarus may be interested in participating in the LHC upgrade, through their scientific-production centres which have good potential in several technologies interesting for CERN.
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Bolivia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Government of the Republic of Bolivia, 3 July 2007.
Collaborating agency: Bolivian Mission in Geneva
Agency contact: Ambassador Angelica Navarro, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Prof. Oscar Saavedra, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: Individual participants in ALICE and ISOLDE
Participating institutes: Universidad Mayor de San Andres of La Paz, Mount Chacaltaya Cosmic-Ray Laboratory
Users registered at CERN: 1 via Darmstadt, 1 via Torino
History and status of collaboration: Bolivia operates a cosmic-ray observatory at Mount Chacaltaya, with participation by Italy and Japan, and also participates in the Auger cosmic-ray experiment. Through contacts with a Bolivian expatriate physicist working in Torino, a first student has started working there on the ALICE experiment, and more are expected to follow.
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Brazil
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with CNPq, 19 February 1990. A new ICA was signed in October 2006.
Collaborating agency: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Rede Nacional de Física de Altas Energias (RENAFAE)
Agency contact: Dr. Marco Antonio Zago, President of CNPq, e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +55 61 2108-9400 / 9402 / 9071, Fax: +55 61 2108-9487 Prof. Ricardo Magnus Osório Galvão, President of RENAFAE, [email protected] Tel.: +55 21 2141-7417 / 7386
Physicist contact: CBPF : Ignacio de Bediaga - LHCb, [email protected] UERJ : Alberto Santoro – CMS, [email protected] UFRJ : Fernando Marroquin – ATLAS, [email protected] UFRJ : Claudio Lenz Cesar – AD5, [email protected] USP: Alejandro Szanto de Toledo – ALICE, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: -
Participations in experiments: ALICE, ATLAS (226 KCHF), CMS, LHCb (55 KCHF), AD5
Participating institutes: Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica (CFET), Rio de Janeiro, U. Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, U. do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, U. de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, U. Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas U. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Sao Paolo
Users registered at CERN: 68
History and status of collaboration: Brazilian experimental physicists formerly participated in DELPHI and ATHENA. Brazil now participates in the four LHC experiments: ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb, and one Brazilian institute is member of the ALPHA experiment at the AD facility. Brazil also has a substantial involvement in the Pierre Auger cosmic-ray experiment in Argentina, which is a recognized CERN experiment. The Brazilian Federal Government has recently become more active in supporting HEP, leading to the signature of an ICA in 2006 and to two Protocols to this agreement in 2008. CBPF, UERJ and UESP are well equipped for computing, and are interested in Grid deployment. Probably they will constitute a Tier-2 center once they sign the WLCG MoU. Brazil is a member of both HELEN and EELA.
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Canada
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with TRIUMF, 11 December 1996
Collaborating agencies: National Research Council (NRC) National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
Agency contact: Walter Davidson, +1-613-990-0914, [email protected] Dr. Isabelle Blain, NSERC Vice-President, +1-613-995-5833
Physicist contact: William Trischuk, U. of Toronto, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: LHC and injector chain (18720 KCHF)
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (96 authors, 17165 KCHF); ATRAP (6 authors); ACE (1 author); ALPHA (9 authors); ISOLDE (1 author); CAST (1 author, 29 KCHF)
Participation in WLCG: Tier-1 centre, 2 Tier-2 centres
Participating institutes: U. of Alberta, U. of British Columbia, Carleton U., McGill U., U. of Montreal, U. of Regina, Simon Fraser U., U. of Toronto, TRIUMF, U. of Victoria, York U.
Users registered at CERN: 127
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Canada has a strong intermediate-energy laboratory, TRIUMF, and a successful underground laboratory, SNO, that is now being expanded. In the past its HEP community has been carrying out experiments in the US as well as in Europe, notably the OPAL experiment at LEP. Via the NRC, with funding through TRIUMF, Canada made important contributions to the LHC warm insertions and injection lines. The Canadian contribution to ATLAS is substantial and also of high quality. It is funded by NSERC and coordinated through the national Institute of Particle Physics. Canada is contributing to the deployment of the worldwide LHC computing Grid via a Tier-1 centre at TRIUMF funded by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), and participates in several non-LHC experiments. The NRC and NSERC are funded by the Ministry of Industry, and both the head of the NRC and senior representatives of NSERC have expressed interest in Canada becoming an Observer State, but this issue is currently dormant.
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Chile
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with CONICYT, 6 September 2004.
Collaborating agency: Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT)
Agency contact: Ms. Vivian Heyl Chiappini, President of CONICYT Tel.: (56 2) 365 4405, (56 2) 365 4406 Fax.: (56-2) 655 1395
Physicist contacts: PUCC : Marco Aurelio Diaz, [email protected] UTFSM : Ivan Schmidt, [email protected] UTFSM : Claudio Dib, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: -
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (323 KCHF Construction)
Participating institutes: Universidad Federico Santa María (UFSM), Valparaíso, Pontificia Universidad Católica (PUCC), Santiago de Chile.
Users registered at CERN:8
History and status of collaboration: Chile has strong traditions in theoretical physics and in engineering, but previous attempts to start a high-energy physics group there were not successful. The first ICA with CONICYT was signed in October 1991. On the occasion of the 2005 CERN-LA School of Physics nearby in Argentina, new contacts were made with physicists and funding agencies and it was agreed to hold the 2007 school in Chile. The UFSM in Valparaiso and the PUC in Santiago have amplified their contacts with CERN through the HELEN programme, sending students to work in ATLAS and on related theoretical subjects. Both Institutions signed agreements with the ATLAS Collaboration during the visit of H.E. Michelle Bachellet in June 2007. A joint Chilean team from PUCC and UTFSM became a member of ATLAS in 2007 contributing to the High Level Trigger, computing and electronics in ATLAS. Chile is also a member of EELA.
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China (People’s Republic of)
Date of highest-level agreement: CA with the Government of China, represented by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST), was signed on 17 February 2004.
Collaborating agency: MoST, NSFC
Agency contact: Ji Peiwen, NSFC, [email protected]
Physicist contacts: LHCB: Yuanning Gao, [email protected] ATLAS & CMS: He Sheng Chen, [email protected] ALICE: Daicui Zhou, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: 0.01 MCHF
Participations in experiments: LHCb (3 authors, 100 KCHF), ATLAS (11 authors, 1.716 MCHF), CMS (38 authors, 5.615 MCHF) ALICE (7 authors, 1.631 MCHF)
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centres
Participating institutes: ATLAS: IHEP Beijing; Nanjing University (Jiangsu), Shandong U. (Tsinan) and U. of Science and Technology of China (Hefei); ALICE: China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing; Huazong Normal U. and U. of Science, Tech., Electronics and Informatics, Wuhan (Hepei); CMS: Institute of High Energy Physics (Beijing), Peking U. (Beijing), U. of Science and Technology of China (Hefei), Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (Shanghai); LHCb: Tsinghua U.
Users registered at CERN: 68
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Co-operation between CERN and China began in the 1970s, initially in accelerator technology and in theoretical physics, soon followed by participation in CERN’s experimental physics programme (ISR-I4/SFM, ALEPH, NA-49 and L3). For the latter, the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics provided BGO crystals in the 1980s. In the mid 1990s, IHEP, UST/Hefei and Peking University joined the CMS collaboration, and subsequently IHEP, UST, the Universities of Shandong and of Nanjing signed up with ATLAS. The Tsinghua University joined LHCb, while the Huazhong University in Wuhan and the China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) signed up with ALICE. In addition, China is participating in LCG operations as well as in the OPERA project. China’s participation in all four LHC experiments is now well established and supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). In 2004, China expressed its interest in achieving Observer Status, and has agreed to work out, with CERN, a proposal for a ‘very substantial’ participation by China in CERN programmes such as Linac4/SPL and CLIC. At the same time, however, it also became clear that China’s focus was moving towards national projects. Following a
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series of high-level contacts in 2003-2004, CERN and China (represented by ministries, funding agencies, scientific institutions and universities) held a workshop in 2005 to find ways to intensify their cooperation, but to date this effort has not been followed by much action. Recently Tsinghua University took steps to collaborate in the CLIC study. In February 2006 MoST and NSFC also established a Tier-2 center to serve ATLAS and CMS.
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Colombia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with ((COLCIENCIAS), 15 May 1993.
Collaborating agency: Instituto Nacional para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (COLCIENCIAS)
Agency contact: Rafael María Gutierrez Salamanca, [email protected]
Physicist contacts: UAN : Prof. Marta Losada, [email protected] UN : Prof. Rafael Hurtado, [email protected] UNIANDES: Prof. Carlos Avila Bernal, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (138 KCHF Construction), CMS
Participating institutes: U. Antonio Nariño (UAN), Bogotá, U. de los Andes (UNIANDES), Bogotá, U. Nacional (UN), Bogotá, U. de Antioquia, Medellin.
Users registered at CERN: 12
History and status of collaboration: There have been contacts with Colombian theoretical physicists for many years, and a Colombian experimental group has been a member of the D0 Collaboration at Fermilab. A visit to Colombia in 2005 provided the opportunity to activate experimental collaboration with CERN, and the HELEN programme has enabled several young Colombian scientists to come to CERN. A group from the Universidad de los Andes in Bogota was subsequently accepted in the CMS Collaboration, and a group from the Universidad Antonio Nariño, also in Bogota, joined ATLAS in 2007. Medical and theoretical physicists from the Universidad Nacional, in Bogota, also have contacts with CERN, but no experimental physicists as yet. Contacts with Colombia were greatly helped by HELEN.
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Croatia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation agreement with Government of Croatia, 18 July 1991
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Science and Technology
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Vuko Brigljevic, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ALICE (1 author, 217 KCHF), CMS (11 authors, 349 KCHF), CAST, NA49. Participating institutes: Ruder Boskovic Institute (Zagreb), University of Split, Technical University of Split (FESB).
Users registered at CERN: 22
History and status of collaboration: Croatia initiated relations with CERN soon after becoming an independent State. However, up to 1997 only a few Croatian physicists were present at CERN, mainly involved in the SPS heavy-ion programme, in the NA49 experiment, and in the preparation of the physics programme for ALICE. Contacts with the Croatian authorities and links with the scientific institutions were renewed only in 1998, so that research groups from Split and Zagreb could join CMS and ALICE and contribute, also with the involvement of Croatian industry, to the construction of parts of both detectors. The Croatian HEP community is now quite active and has in recent years been well supported by Croatian state agencies, with a very positive official attitude towards Co-operation with CERN, underlined by the visits at CERN of the Minister of Science and Technology in September 2003 and of the President of Croatia in December 2003. An interface governmental body (the Office for International Collaboration) provides a budget that is increasing annually and supports the working visits to CERN of the steadily increasing number of users, as well as governmental grants for outstanding Croatian students who are regularly classified very high in the CERN Summer Student Programme. Apart from the Ruder Boskovic Institute, which plays a role of the coordinating HEP Croatian centre, there is also a quite active HEP group in Split. The issue of Croatian accession to CERN has been raised by some Croatian physicists.
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Cyprus
Date of highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Cyprus, 14 February 2006; Protocols to the Co-operation Agreement with the Government of Cyprus, 30 July 2007
Collaborating agency: Planning Bureau of the Ministry of Finance; Research Promotion Foundation
Agency contact: Andreas Moleskis, Permanent Secretary of the Planning Bureau; Kalypso Sepou, Research Promotion Foundation
Physicist contact: Prof. Panos Razis, University of Cyprus, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: CMS (8 authors, 839 KCHF)
Participating institutes: University of Cyprus
Users registered at CERN: 7
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration:
Cyprus was an active member of the L3 Collaboration at the Large Electron-Positron Collider, and joined the CMS Collaboration in 1995. A Memorandum of Understanding with the CMS Collaboration was signed in 1999. In its work for CMS, the high-energy physics group from Cyprus joined a consortium with the responsibility for manufacturing the barrel yoke and the vacuum tank of the CMS solenoid magnet. Construction of both systems was completed successfully. In addition, members of the team from Cyprus have developed specialized equipment for performing control and calibration tests of the very front-end electronics boards of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter. The group from Cyprus is also upgrading their high-performance computing cluster for Monte Carlo simulations and analysis of LHC data and will serve as a valuable component of the Grid computing initiative. The two protocols to the Co-operation Agreement have upgraded the scientific and technical links in the areas of experimental and theoretical physics, high-performance computing and applications, and other projects of mutual interest. The collaboration between CERN and Cyprus is overseen by the CERN-Cyprus Committee.
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Ecuador
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Senacyt), 15 June 1999.
Collaborating agency:
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Prof. Ericson Lopez, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments:
Participating institutes: Potentially the Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Escuela Politecnica Nacional (Quito)
Users registered at CERN: 1 in UNOSAT, 1 in CMS from Fermilab
History and status of collaboration: A group from the Universidad San Francisco de Quito has been participating in the D0 experiment, but has not so far shown any interest in moving to the LHC. Individual Ecaudorian scientists have been present at CERN. On the occasion of an international conference on particle physics in Ecuador in 2006, the university authorities did express such an interest, but have taken no concrete steps so far. The Escuela Politecnica Nacional has shown some interest. Unfortunately, Ecuador does not participate in HELEN or EELA.
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Egypt
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt, 16 January 2006
Collaborating agencies: Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research; Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
Agency contacts: Minister Hany Mahfouz Helal; Prof. Tarek Hussein, President of the Egyptian Academy of Sciences, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Shaaban Khalil, Director of Centre for Theoretical Physics (CTP) at the British University in Egypt (BUE), [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: Student in ATLAS, CMS under discussion
Participating institutes: Cairo University
Users registered at CERN:
History and status of collaboration: After the signature of Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Ministry of Higher Education, a plan was made by the then Egyptian contact physicist to work towards building Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) needed for the CMS luminosity upgrade, in collaboration with Pakistan. Minister Helal visited CERN in May 2006 and, following slow progress and action from the DG, in 2008 he appointed Dr. Shaaban Khalil as the new Egyptian coordinator. Professor Hussein and Dr. Khalil visited CERN in September 2008, and assured the DG that every effort would be made to start several activities with CERN. A plan was prepared to help Egypt set up a Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) laboratory at Cairo University. This would start a local activity that should attract students and develop local skills, which in turn should allow Egypt to play a role in the CMS upgrade. A PhD student should soon arrive at CERN, with Egyptian support, to be trained on CMS RPCs. CMS personnel are ready to visit Cairo to help set up the laboratory, and to lecture on detector physics. During their visit at CERN, Professor Tarek Hussein and Dr. Shaaban Khalil explored also the possibility to collaborate with LHCb in B physics analysis and to contribute to the accelerator sector and computing, and also discussed CERN educational opportunities.
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Estonia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Estonia, 23 April 1996
Collaborating agencies: Ministry of Education and Research
Agency contacts: Dr. Kristjan Haller, Deputy Secretary General for Research and Higher Education, Ministry of Education and Science, +372 735 0211, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Dr. Martti Raidal, National Institute for Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB), national coordinator, +372 5164854, [email protected] , [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: CMS (2 authors, 156 KCHF), TOTEM (3 participants), WLCG
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: National Institute for Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Academy of Sciences, University of Tartu
Users registered at CERN: 12
History and status of collaboration: After joining the CMS Collaboration in 1997, Estonia’s high-energy particle physics community has been reinforced by the return of expatriate scientists, by new students and by direct government funding. The Protocol to the Co-operation Agreement, signed in 2004, assures the funding required for the particle physics community in Estonia. There is now a small but active group of theorists, and the CMS team participates in data analysis and in LHC computing and the WLCG. Estonia is a member of BalticGrid. A team of the Estonian Academy of Sciences has recently joined also the TOTEM experiment. Estonia participates actively in the CERN Summer Student Programme in order to strengthen their particle physics teams. Professor Raivo Stern, director of NICPB, visited CERN on 29 and 30 May 2008, to learn about the current accelerator projects at CERN, with a view to the possible extension of Estonian activities in the accelerator domain and ultimately on CERN membership. Estonia is being supported in these efforts by Finland.
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Georgia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Georgia, 11 October 1996
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Education and Science
Agency contact: President of the Committee for Science within the Ministry of Education and Science; Natia Jokhadze; [email protected];
Physicist contact: Djemal Khubua, [email protected];
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (5 authors, 138 KCHF), CMS CMS (10 participants, contribution through RDMS as JINR member), NA58
Participating institutes: Georgian Academy of Sciences - Institute of Physics (Tbilisi), Tbilisi State University (Tbilisi)
Users registered at CERN: 11
History and status of collaboration: Georgian physicists started participating in CERN activities already in the early 1960s. Some of them played leading roles in the Boson Spectrometer experiment, approved at CERN in 1969 and carried out at Serpukhov. In the 1980s, and individual Georgian physicists made recognized contributions to DELPHI and ALEPH. In the 1990s, economic difficulties and political instability affected deeply Georgian science. Nevertheless, two Georgian teams, essentially supported by JINR, are involved in the ATLAS experiment. Young Georgian physicists have taken part in ATLAS detector construction in JINR, specifically in the preparation of the Muon Chambers and the TRT Detector. Through an Agreement with IBM, the Tbilisi Institute of High Energy Physics obtained a special engineering design software license, and has done well-appreciated work for ATLAS. However, in the middle of this decade the national situation again deteriorated, leading to a total lack of support for science. This situation has been improving during last two years, with better governmental support and funding, and there is visible scientific and official interest in expanding Georgian Co-operation with CERN. A new Co-operation Agreement is being prepared which, besides reflecting the new responsibility of the Ministry of Science and Education for funding scientific activities in the country, should provide a more firm basis for a long-term, stable Co-operation with CERN. Its signature has been postponed several times due to political circumstances, but is now foreseen for the end 2008.
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Iceland
Date of highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Iceland, 11 September 1996
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Education, Science and Culture
Agency contact: Gumundur Arnason, Permanent Secretary; Vilhjalmur Ludviksson, Director, [email protected]
Physicist contacts: Prof. Thordur Jonsson, Science Institute, University of Iceland, [email protected] Prof. Larus Thorlacius, idem., [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ISOLDE (3 authors)
Participating institutes: University of Iceland
Users registered at CERN: 2
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: The collaboration with Iceland was based initially on the exchange of theoretical physicists and through nuclear physicists participating in the CERN physics programme, primarily at ISOLDE as members of Universities in Denmark and Norway. In 2004, CERN established direct contact with high-energy particle physicists of the University of Iceland in Reykjavik in order to assist them in their efforts to obtain financial support from their government, so as to establish a sustainable high-energy particle physics community. Opportunities for Iceland to participate in NorduGrid and the ATLAS Collaboration were identified during a visit to Reykjavik and have been followed up. Additionally, scientists from the University of Iceland are participating in experiments at ISOLDE on Mossbauer studies of dilute semiconductors. The ATLAS and ISOLDE activities are in conjunction with Norwegian and Danish institutions, respectively. Moreover, students from Iceland have been participating on a regular basis in the CERN Summer Student Programme. Finally, a series of lectures on physics at the LHC is being organized jointly by the University of Iceland and CERN and will take place in Reykjavik.
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Iran
Highest-level agreement: Memorandum of Understanding (equivalent to a Co-operation Agreement) with Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, 5 July 2001
Collaborating agency: Institute for Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM)
Agency contact: Farhad Ardalan, senior physicist at IPM, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Hessamaddin Arfaei, Director of IPM, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: CLIC (PhD student)
Participations in experiments: CMS (3 authors, 2010 KCHF)
Participating institutes: IPM (on behalf of other Iranian institutions)
Users registered at CERN: 13
History and status of collaboration: Iran has a strong intellectual tradition, which has been manifest in theoretical physics and engineering, in particular. After the revolution in 1979, contacts with the Iranian physics community were reduced. Nevertheless, CERN maintained contacts with individual Iranian theoreticians, notably from the IPM and from the Sharif University of Technology (SHUT) in Teheran. CERN has hosted Iranian theorists, and several individuals of Iranian origin participated in the CERN experimental programme. At present Iran is making a renewed and strong effort to tighten its relations with CERN and its scientific community. The participation of Iran in CMS is coordinated by the IPM and progressing well, with detector components being constructed – the Iranian company HEPCO won a CMS Gold Award in 2004 - and several students have been working at CERN for training in CLIC as well as CMS. Iran is also interested in Grid computing, and pledges to build RPC chambers for the CMS. Problems have occasionally arisen for shipping equipment to Iran, for Iranian Grid certification and for financial transfers to CERN.
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Jordan
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Minister of Education of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and the President of the International Council of SESAME, 28 July 2004
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Education of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Agency contact: Ministry of Education of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Physicist contact: Dr. Feras Afaneh, Professor at the Hashemite University
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments:
Participating institutes: Hashemite University (Amman)
Users registered at CERN:
History and status of collaboration: Relations with Jordan were initiated through a Memorandum of Understanding signed on June 12, 2003, by the CERN DG, the Minister of Education of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and the President of the International Council of SESAME, which was followed by the Co-operation Agreement. In view of the low level of activities, Dr. Feras Afaneh was invited to visit CERN in March 2008, to identify concrete steps towards Co-operation. The possibility of organizing training for Jordanian students at CERN was discussed, within the framework of a planned Hashemite University master programme in nuclear physics, nuclear engineering, radiation protection and medical physics. The Hashemite University Physics Department is considering the possibility of organizing a physics workshop in Amman for students and faculty members to be exposed to the potentialities of Co- operation with CERN. It is hoped that the synergy with the SESAME programme will help relations with CERN. It is clear that the high level of activity due to the start-up of LHC prevented CERN from being proactive this year, but also provides a potential basis for the future. Help from CERN is needed for Jordan to be able to start its master programme.
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Korea (Republic of)
Date of highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement between the Korean government represented by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) October 2006.
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Education, Science and technology, MEST
Agency contact: Kim Yeon, Deputy Director international cooperation division, MEST, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Young-Il Choi (CMS), [email protected] Do-Won Kim (ALICE), [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: none
Participations in experiments: ALICE (6 authors), CMS (60 authors, 2.327 MCHF)
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: ALICE: Kangnung National U., Pusan National U., Sejong U., Yonsei U.; CMS: Cheju National U., Chonbuk National U., Chonnam National U., Sungkyunkwan U., Dongshin U., Kangweon National U., Konkuk U., Korea U., Kyungpook National U., Seo Nam U., Seoul National U., Seoul National U. of Education, Wonkwang U.
Users registered at CERN: 51
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: First contacts between CERN and the Government of Korea were established more than a decade ago with a view to formal cooperation, but did not reach a conclusion. In 1997, the Korea University (Seoul) joined the CMS Collaboration with substantial funding. Many more Korean universities then followed in 1998, though without government funding, and subsequently the Universities of Kangnung and Pohang joined the ALICE Collaboration. In 2002 the newly-created Centre for High-Energy Physics (CHEP) at Kjungpook University (Daegu) pledged to provide additional funding for the computer farm of CMS. The government stepped in to coordinate the relations between CERN and Korea by signing a formal agreement in 2006 followed by an implementation protocol regulating the relations between Alice and CMS and Korean institutes in November 2007. The early declaration of interest regarding the establishing of computing centers for both Alice and CMS became concrete with the signing of formal MoUs establishing a Tier-2 centre for ALICE at Kisti (2007) and a Tier-2 centre for CMS in Kjungpook in 2008. The funding to support the CMS and ALICE operations has been increasing steadily recently, and the political situation changed favorably after the election of President M.B. Lee in December 2007. During a visit in August 2008 the highest levels of the ministry expressed favorable opinions on extending the cooperation between CERN and Korea. Subsequently, a theoretical exchange program has been approved, and it is hoped that there will soon be a real commitment to the CERN accelerator programme.
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Lithuania
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Lithuania, 9 November 1996
Collaborating agencies: Ministry of Education and Research; Lithuanian Academy of Sciences (Co-ordinator of the Protocol to the CA)
Agency contacts: Prof. Zenonas Rokus Rudzikas, coordinator of CA, Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Telephone: 00 372 5164854, [email protected]
Physicist contacts: Prof. Algimantas Juozapavicius, +370 5 2193053, [email protected] Prof. Juozas V. Vaitkus, +370 286 14893, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: CMS (2 authors, 300 KCHF), LHC Computing Grid, RD39, RD50
Participating institutes: Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, University of Vilnius
Users registered at CERN: 10
History and status of collaboration: A Protocol to the Co-operation Agreement was signed in 2005, and an MoU for the construction of CMS was signed in 2007. A Lithuanian scientist has been instrumental in the database development at CERN for CMS data mining and data quality analysis, as an in-kind contribution of Lithuania. Lithuania actively promoted the BalticGrid in 2005, which organized its first large meeting in 2006 in Vilnius. The Grid activities centered in Vilnius are based on a cluster with 150 CPUs of which 100000 CPU hours was allocated to CMS in 2007. The cluster now has Tier 2 computing power, but needs to be upgraded with regard to disk space in order to meet with the Tier 2 requirements of CMS; the upgrade is presently underway. Lithuania participates actively in RD39 and RD50, and in the CERN Summer Student Programme in order to strengthen their particle physics teams.
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Malta
Date of highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Government of Malta, 10 January 2008
Collaborating agency: Government of Malta
Agency contact: Prime Minister
Physicist contact: Nicholas Sammut, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: LHC Accelerator
Participations in experiments: Potentially ATLAS or CMS
Participating institutes: University of Malta
Users registered at CERN: 4
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Malta is eager to expand its co-operation with CERN, in accordance with the objectives of the Organization’s Convention. Scientific and technical collaboration between the University of Malta (UoM) and CERN started in the field of electrical engineering, through the Faculty of Engineering of UoM and the Accelerator Technology Department and, later, the Accelerators and Beams Department of CERN. Contacts have now also been established between the UoM Department of Physics and the UoM Faculty of Information and Communications Technology and CERN. UoM now seeks to expand its involvement with CERN, and is finalizing an Expression of Interest that includes the possibility of collaboration in electronics with the CERN Physics Department, participation in an LHC experiment and in accelerator engineering, and Grid computing as well as student training at CERN. Malta is already a partner in EUMedGrid, an extension of EGEE to the Mediterranean region, and would also like to investigate the possibility of joining the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid. Malta has potential industrial suppliers, for example in the field of microelectronics.
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Mexico
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with CONACYT, 20 February 1998.
Collaborating agency: Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
Agency contact: Prof. Jose Antonio de la Peña, Director Adjunto de Desarrollo Cientifico y Academico, CONACYT, +55 5322 8131 / 8125, [email protected],
Physicist contact: :Dr. Gerardo Herrera, CINVESTAV, ALICE, [email protected] Dr. Heriberto Castilla, CINVESTAV, CMS, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ALICE (405 KCHF MoU), CMS
Participating institutes: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), México & Mérida, U. Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México DF , U. Autónoma de Sinaloa (UAS), Culiacán, Benemérita U. Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), U. Iberoamericana (México City), U. Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (San Luis Potosí)
Users registered at CERN: 36
History and status of collaboration: Individual Mexican physicists have been working on experiments at CERN since UA1. A vigorous Mexican group comprising several institutes has been participating in ALICE for several years, working principally on the trigger system and in connection with cosmic-ray physics, and another group has recently joined CMS. An Agreement has been signed with the National Autonomous University of Mexico to co-finance working exchange visits. The CERN-LA School of Physics was held in Mexico in 2003. Contacts with Mexico were strengthened by its participations in HELEN and EELA. On the occasion of the LHC inauguration day, the Joint Director for Scientific and Academic Development of CONACYT visited CERN and expressed his interest in elaborating a Protocol to the 1998 Co-operation Agreement concerning stays of Mexican postgraduate and postdoctoral students and scientific personnel on Sabbatical leave.
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Montenegro
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Government of Montenegro, 7 December 2008
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Science
Agency contact: Ms Ivana Petricevic
Physicist contact: Sanja Damjanovic, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ALICE (1 individual), ACE (3 authors)
Participating institutes: University of Montenegro (Podgorica)
Users registered at CERN: 1 individual in NA49
History and status of collaboration: For some time, physicists from Montenegro have been participating as individuals in the CERN experimental programme, e.g., in heavy-ion physics via NA49 and ALICE, and a small team from the University of Montenegro in Podgorica has been participating in the AD-4 (ACE) experiment on the biological effects of antiproton annihilation. Also, a Montenegrin team has been participating in the H1 experiment at HERA, and would like to move subsequently to one of the LHC experiments. CERN signed an agreement with the University of Montenegro in Titograd (now Podgorica) in 1990, while Montenegro was still part of Yugoslavia. Following the independence of Montenegro, this was updated in 2007 to a Co-operation Agreement between the Government and CERN.
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Morocco
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement 14 April 1997
Collaborating agency: Centre National de Coordination et de Planification de la Recherche scientifique et technique du Maroc (CNCPRST)
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Abdesslam Hoummada, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (7 authors, 397 KCHF)
Participating institutes: Cluster
Users registered at CERN: 5
History and status of collaboration: Morocco started its collaboration with CERN in 1997 as a member of the ATLAS collaboration. Moroccan physicists have contributed to the Liquid Argon system by producing precision work on the high-tech anodes (50000 in total) of the Pre-Sampler Detector. They signed the MoU for M&O and pay their fees. Through a special Agreement on scientific collaboration between IN2P3 (France) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique du Maroc, signed in January 2004, Moroccan physicists got an opportunity to reinforce their academic and industrial possibilities and to benefit in a better way from the collaboration with CERN. In this way they obtained access to the Grid via the CNRS centre in Lyon, and are now able to participate in data processing for CERN. Morocco hosted a successful conference on ‘Scientific Collaboration across the Mediterranean’ in Casablanca in 2005, with partial sponsorship from CERN.
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New Zealand
Date of highest-level agreement: Memorandum of Understanding (equivalent to a Co-operation Agreement) with the Government of New Zealand, 4 December 2003
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Research, Science and Technology
Agency contact: Helen Anderson, +64 4 917 2900
Physicist contact: Prof. David Krofcheck, University of Auckland, [email protected] Prof. Phil Butler, University of Canterbury, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: CMS (8 authors, 59 KCHF)
Participating institutes: University of Auckland, University of Canterbury
Users registered at CERN: 8
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration:
First contacts between high-energy particle physicists in New Zealand and CERN were established in 2000 through New Zealand expatriates working at CERN. Subsequently, two New Zealand universities joined the CMS Collaboration, in which they are participating in the LHC beam monitors, Grid computing and analysis tools for the CMS experiment. The New Zealand groups are also interested in medical applications of detector technologies. Following a CERN initiative, workshops have been held in New Zealand to promote closer co-operation between the high-energy particle physics and astrophysics communities in Australia and New Zealand. Contacts have also been established with Massey University with a view to the particle physics group also participating in the CMS Collaboration. The University of Canterbury has recently also became a member of the Medipix Collaboration.
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Pakistan
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, signed on 1st November 1994
Collaborating agency: Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC)
Agency contact: Mr. Anwar Ali, Chairman of PAEC
Physicist contacts: Professor Hafeez Hoorani, National Center for Physics (NCP), Islamabad, [email protected]; Imtinan Qureshi (COMSATS)
Participations in accelerator projects: LHC, Linac4, CLIC (1400 KCHF)
Participations in experiments: ALICE, CMS (2.2 MCHF), contributions to ATLAS
Participation in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (CMS), Commission on Science and Technology for sustainable development (COMSATS), (CMS, and applying to ALICE membership), Quaid- E-Azam U., National Center for Physics (NCP) (CMS), Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nuclear Engineering Division (PINSTECH) (potentially ALICE), National U. of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Rawalpindi, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (Associate Institute in CMS)
Users registered at CERN: 29
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: Co-operation with Pakistan was pioneered by CMS, and has expanded continuously over the past 15 years to include contributions to experiments (ALICE, ATLAS and CMS) as well as to the accelerator sector (SPL (Linac4) and CLIC), making Pakistan a significant partner for CERN. CMS: Pakistan built the Magnet feet, contributed to the Tracker alignment, and built and installed 320 Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC), as well as contributing to CMS computing, the WLCG and data analysis. Pakistan has also built various mechanical components for ATLAS and for the LHC. Co-operation with PINSTECH in the area of radioprotection is being organized. Several high-level Pakistani officials have visited CERN, including President Musharraf in January 2006, when an additional 5MCHF was granted towards collaboration with CERN. Discussions have taken place with the Chairman of the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan, Prof. Atta-Ur-Rahman, in which he has expressed the willingness to engage in educational Co-operation with CERN. Discussions are also on-going with the new Executive Director of COMSATS, Dr. Imtinan Qureshi, for the setting up of a version of the CERN physics teachers programme in Islamabad. The aim is that COMSATS would take the responsibility for expanding the programme to its own member states. Pakistan is in the process of applying to become an Observer State of the Organization. Agreements have been signed covering Pakistani contributions to LHC commissioning and Linac4.
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Peru
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with CONCYTEC, 23 February 1993.
Collaborating agency: Consejo para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (CONCYTEC)
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Prof. Alberto Gago, [email protected], mailto:[email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ALICE
Participating institutes: Pontifica Universidad Catolica de Peru (PUCP)
Users registered at CERN:
History and status of collaboration: Peruvian physicists have expressed interest in joining ALICE, and are now collaborating with the Mexican ALICE team with this objective in mind. Peru participates in HELEN and EELA, which are enabling some young Peruvian scientists to come to CERN for training and make direct contacts. The Peruvian ambassador to Switzerland has expressed support for collaboration with CERN.
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Romania
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation agreement with Government of Romania, 1 October 1991
Collaborating agency: National Authority for Scientific Research
Agency contact: Dr. Florin D. Buzatu : [email protected]
Physicist contact: Dr. Nicolae Victor ZAMFIR, Director-General of the Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering - IFIN HH, Str. Atomistilor no.407, P.O.BOX MG-6, Bucharest - Magurele,
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (17 authors, 690 KCHF), ALICE (10 authors, 551 KCHF), LHCb (4 authors, 300 KCHF)
Participations in WLCG: Tier-2 centre Participating institutes: IFIN HH, Institute of Space Sciences (Bucuresti-Magurele), University of Bucarest.
Users registered at CERN: 49
History and status of collaboration: Romania entered into direct collaboration with CERN in the early 1990s, but Co- operation was initially hindered by a shortage of funds and complex internal procedures for approving and funding projects. However, there has been considerable political will to get closer to CERN, and finally Romania has contributed well to LHC experiments: to ALICE - producing chips for the TRD, to ATLAS - via a contract with Romanian companies with an in-kind contribution to the Tile Calorimeter production, and to LHCb. Romania is also active in the WLCG and in EGEE. In recent years Romania has been constantly increasing its expenditure on R&D and this has been intensified since the accession of the country to the EU in January 2007. The attitude towards CERN within the (rather large) HEP community, with many bright young people, has always been very positive, and with the stabilization of the financial situation of the main HEP groups, Romanian scientists and Government officials have expressed interest in CERN Membership. A Letter of Intent was submitted by Romania to CERN at the beginning of this year, asking CERN to start negotiations for the Status of Candidate for Accession to Membership. After being received very positively by Council, this request is now being processed according to the standard CERN accession procedure.
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Saudi Arabia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), acting for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2 January 2006
Collaborating agency: KACST
Agency contact: Prince Turki Saud Mohammed Al-Saud, KACST Vice-President for Research Institutes, +966-1-4885939/-1-4811567, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Dr Hamoud H. Alharbi, Director, National Centre for Mathematics and Physics, KACST, +966-1-4813628/-505199166, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: Linac4 (1.2 MCHF, tbc)
Participations in experiments: Individual in ATLAS
Participating institutes: KACST, acting as a coordinating body
Users registered at CERN: 2 History and status of collaboration: First collaboration work started with the participation in the Linac4 project. A warm prototype was constructed in Saudi Arabia and then qualified at CERN. A KACST engineer is following the project at CERN doing a PhD thesis on the subject. After the signing of the co-operation agreement in 2006, a Protocol was worked out and signed in 2008 in order to provide an operation framework for the execution of the task mentioned in the original agreement. Since then, co-operation continues at 3 levels: pledged participation in the construction of Linac4 with an in-kind contribution of hardware to be constructed in Saudi Arabia via KACST, helping KACST to build up an IHEP community including experimentalists to participate in existing and future CERN programmes. Summer students sent to CERN are now working on PhDs with European and US groups on CERN programmes (KACST hopes to host experimentalists on their staff), and establishing contacts between existing theory groups in Saudi Arabia and CERN scientists to create common research activities and possible co-operation.
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Serbia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Government of Serbia, 8 June 2001
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Science and Technical Development
Agency contact: Minister Bozidar Djelic, +381-11-361-6584, -268-8047
Physicist contact: Petar Adzic, Serbian CMS team leader, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: CMS (3 authors, 480 KCHF); ATLAS (8 authors, 300 KCHF)
Participating institutes: Cluster
Users registered at CERN: 15
History and status of collaboration: Yugoslavia was a founding member of CERN. Serbian physicists were active in the DELPHI experiment at LEP, and have long been active in ISOLDE. Serbia was formally reintegrated at CERN in 2001 through the CA and an initial involvement in CMS, followed by participation in ATLAS. Serbian industry has participated successfully in the construction of both CMS and ATLAS. Serbian involvement at CERN has been encouraged by successive political authorities, who have, for example, sponsored a visit to CERN by a large group of high-school students on the occasion of the 50th anniversary celebrations. The Swiss Department of Foreign Affairs has been providing some support to the Serbian particle physics community. Serbia is active in EGEE. Serbia was also helpful in enabling the Government of the former Yugoslav republic of Montenegro to sign a CA with CERN. Several years of discussions within Serbia about the feasibility of applying for accession to CERN as a Member State culminated with a Letter of Intent signed by Minister Djelic (who is also deputy Prime Minister responsible for Serbian relations with the European Union) on 13 November 2008.
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Slovenia
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement between CERN and the Executive Council of the Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia, 7 January 1991
Collaborating agency: Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana
Agency contact: Marko Mikuz, [email protected]
Physicist contact: as above
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (10 authors, 1723 KCHF); RD39 (4 authors); RD50 (6 authors)
Participations in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana
Users registered at CERN: 17 History and status of collaboration: Slovenia joined the CERN programme soon after becoming an independent State, participating in experiments at LEAR and LEP (DELPHI). In 2001 the Slovenian Ambassador asked for an evaluation of possible Slovenian membership, and a CERN delegation that visited the country concluded that Slovenia would be the best candidate for CERN Membership in that region of Europe, but there were no further consultations after that point. The Slovenian interaction with CERN has been very effective, in view of the small size of its HEP community. Slovenia participates in ATLAS, with the development and production of low-mass power and signal cables for the Silicon Tracker, a share in the Common Fund and testing equipment on the reactor in Ljubljana. The Government has shown little interest in Membership of CERN, which is also opposed by some Slovenian scientists in other fields. New realities such as Membership in the European Union and the appointment of a Slovene as Commissioner for Science have not yet created new dynamics. The Slovenian President is aware of the problem, and has expressed interest in going beyond the simple collaboration with CERN of a group of physicists.
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South Africa
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Foundation for Research Development (FRD) of South Africa, 4 July 1992
Collaborating agency: Department of Science of Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology
Agency contact: Phil Mjwara, Director-General
Physicist contact: Jean Cleymans, Leader of SA ALICE team, [email protected] Zeblon Vilakazi, Director of iThemba LABS, [email protected] Krish Bharuth-Ram, head of SA-CERN consortium, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ALICE (6 authors, 45 KCHF)
Participating institutes: iThemba LABS, U. Cape Town
Users registered at CERN: 8
History and status of collaboration: Following the political changes in the early 1990s, senior physicists in South Africa saw the advantages of collaborating with CERN, particularly for the training of young scientists. CERN has hosted doctoral students, summer students and high-school teachers from South Africa. Participation in fixed-target experiments and ISOLDE has evolved to include membership in ALICE. The South African ALICE team is led by people trained at CERN, is contributing successfully to software and simulation work on the ALICE dimuon spectrometer, and is deploying Grid technology in South Africa. The current Director of the National Acceleration Centre (iThemba) was formerly a student at CERN and now works on ALICE. The South African particle- physics community has recently secured a promise from the government of a significant increase in funding, and a group based at the U. of Johannesburg plans to joins ATLAS.
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Ukraine
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with Government of Ukraine, 2 April 1993
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine 16, T.Shevchenko blvd, UA-01601, Kyiv, UKRAINE
Agency contact: Dr. Maxym STRIKHA, Deputy Minister
Physicist contact: Gennady Zinovjev; [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects: CLIC/CTF3 (450 KCHF)
Participations in experiments: ALICE (5 authors, 1.08 MCHF); CMS (8 participants, contribution through RDMS as member of JINR); LHCb (4 authors, 46 KCHF)
Participations in WLCG: Tier-2 centre
Participating institutes: Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics (Kiev), Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Scientific Research Technological Institute of Instruments and Engineering (Kharkov), Institute for Nuclear Research (Kiev), Institute of Single Crystals of National Academy of Science (Kharkov), Kharkov State University (Kharkov).
Users registered at CERN: 20
History and status of collaboration: After the disintegration of the USSR, Ukrainian physicists suffered from the chaotic situation in the country and insufficient funding, and many physicists left the country. Ukraine is now recovering, and participates actively in LHC experiments. In spite of a long unstable period with several changes in the leadership of the Ministry of Science, Ukrainian collaborators have provided good contributions to CMS (through JINR) and to ALICE. They had a key role in producing high-technology hybrids and microelectronics for the Inner Tracking System of the ALICE detector. There has recently been an improvement in governmental support, and there is visible scientific and official interest in expanding and strengthening Ukrainian co- operation with CERN, with a view to possible CERN Membership. A new Protocol to the 1993 Co-operation Agreement is being discussed now with Ukrainian physicists and authorities. Grid technology is developing fast in Ukraine, thanks to the support of the Academy of Sciences, which signed in 2006 the MoU for WLCG. There is some Ukrainian interest in collaboration on accelerator R&D, with a developing involvement in the R&D for CLIC/CTF3.
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United Arab Emirates
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Government of the United Arab Emirates, 18 January 2006
Collaborating agency: Government of the United Arab Emirates
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Prof. Maamar Benkraouda, Chair of the Physics Department, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments:
Participating institutes: United Arab Emirates University (UAEU)
Users registered at CERN: 4
History and status of collaboration: Contacts established with the female campus of the UAE University towards the end of 2003 resulted in the participation of several students in the CERN Summer Student Programme in all subsequent years. These students worked in ATLAS (under Israeli supervision), in CMS (on crystals), in ALICE (on physics simulations) and in CLIC (on alignment). Their supervisors have all been very satisfied, and it has been agreed that this initiative should be continued and developed. Visits to CERN from scientific staff from the UAE University to CERN resulted in an agreed plan to build on these contacts in order to establish a small particle physics and medical physics community in the United Arab Emirates. In addition to the continued participation in the CERN Summer Student programme, collaboration between faculty staff at the UAE University and CERN researchers are being instigated. In order for the UAE scientific community to be exposed to the wide range of possibilities for research at CERN, a workshop was held at the UAEU in 2007. However, true collaboration will require the appointment of a faculty member in experimental high-energy physics.
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Uzbekistan
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement proposed by the Uzbek Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Collaborating agency: Potentially the Uzbek Academy of Science
Agency contact:
Physicist contact:
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: CMS (11 participants in RDMS via JINR), potentially ATLAS
Participating institutes: Gulyamov Laboratory of Relativistic Nuclear Physics (Tashkent-Ulugbek)
Users registered at CERN:
History and status of collaboration: Like many other Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries, Uzbekistan benefited previously from a relatively high level of education, support and scientific research opportunities offered by Russia, Eastern Europe and JINR (Dubna). Following the demise of the USSR, Uzbek scientists suffered from increasing isolation and in particular from a lack of income and financial support, which they often compensated by using the remaining research infrastructure for commercial purposes, while many scientists left the country or changed profession. While currently collaborating with CERN through JINR, this community has also tried to establish direct contacts with CERN. Uzbekistan participates in CMS as a Member of the “Russia-JINR Member States” (RDMS) sub-collaboration. This provides Uzbek scientists with a minimum of support by JINR (and CMS), but there have also been several attempts to join another LHC experiment and to sign a Co-operation Agreement. The last effort to be accepted as a member of ATLAS took place in 2005 by high-level Uzbek representatives who invited a CERN delegation to visit Tashkent. However, the visit was cancelled due to political instability and forceful internal repression.
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Vietnam
Highest-level agreement: Co-operation Agreement with the Vietnam Academy of Science and technology (VAST), 2008
Collaborating agency: VAST
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Nguyen Anh Ky, Institute of Physics, Hanoi, [email protected], [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: Individuals in ATLAS and LHCb
Participating institutes: Institute of Physics (Hanoi), Institute of Nuclear Physics (Hanoi), U. of Hanoi, Institute of Physics (Ho Chi Minh City)
Users registered at CERN: 3
History and status of collaboration: There are active experimental groups at the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Hanoi and the Institute of Physics in Ho Chi Minh City. The former is active in the Pierre Auger cosmic-ray project as an associated institute, and the latter has joined the D0 Collaboration at FNAL. Experimentalists from the University of Hanoi have links with the LHCb Collaboration. The groups from the Institute of Physics in Ho Chi Minh City and the University of Hanoi have recently made known their wishes to join the ATLAS and LHCb Collaborations. These intentions are supported by VAST, by IN2P3 in France and by the EPFL in Lausanne. Several students are already working in France and Switzerland towards Ph. D. degrees within ATLAS, LHCb and other high-energy physics projects, and both the IN2P3 and EPFL are ready to extend these possibilities. In recent years, several Vietnamese students have spent summers at CERN, many with funding from the IN2P3.
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F3 - Others with active Scientific Relations with CERN
The following have not signed ICAs with CERN, and offer prospects for enhanced scientific collaboration with CERN in the future.
China (Taipei)
Date of highest-level agreement: No Agreement
Collaborating agency: National Science Council
Agency contacts: Wei-Shu Hou (CMS), [email protected] Shin Chang Lee (ATLAS), [email protected] Simon Lin (WLCG), [email protected]
Physicist contacts: as above
Participations in accelerator projects: none
Participations in experiments: ATLAS (7 authors, 3.445 MCHF); CMS (25 authors, 3.077 MCHF)
Participation in WLCG: Tier-1 centre
Participating institutes: ATLAS: Academia Sinica; CMS: National Taiwan U., National Central U.
Users registered at CERN: 46
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration: The National Science Council (NSC) has been a key player in achieving China (Taipei)’s goal to build a ‘Technologically Advanced Nation’, and it was through the NSC that CERN established contact with a number of scientific institutions in China (Taipei). In 2001, the Academia Sinica, the National Central University and the National Taiwan University, funded by NSC, joined the ATLAS and CMS collaborations, making substantial contributions in the field of advanced electronics. The China (Taipei) institutes delivered successfully to ATLAS and CMS. The engagement to create a Tier-1 center has been maintained and it is operational since 2005. It is a community with potential for developing further relations with CERN, but the actors have been changing very rapidly and we would need to establish a connection with the NSC which goes beyond the specific contacts of the various projects where Taiwanese institutes are connected.
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Cuba
Highest-level agreement: A Co-operation Agreement was proposed to Council in December 2003, but no action was taken
Collaborating agency:
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: CEADEN : Ernesto Lopez Torres, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ALICE
Participating institutes: Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Habana
Users registered at CERN: 6
History and status of collaboration: Following initial contacts with theoretical physicists at CERN and via experimental collaborations with ALICE groups in Mexico and Italy, senior Cuban physicists visited CERN in 2002 and 2003. They expressed interest in collaboration in medical physics as well as in particle and nuclear physics and Grid computing. A Cuban Institution was accepted into the ALICE collaboration in 2003, and is working successfully. Cuba participates in the HELEN and EELA programmes, and some Cuban scientists are currently working at CERN, but the extent of the Co-operation is limited in the absence of an ICA.
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Ireland
Highest-level agreement:
Collaborating agency: Prospectively Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
Agency contact: Patrick Cunningham, Chief Scientific Adviser, [email protected];
Physicist contact: Martin Grunewald, University College Dublin, [email protected]; Samson Shatashvili, Trinity College Dublin, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: CMS (1 author, 20 KCHF); LHCb (3 authors); ISOLDE (3 authors);
Participating institutes: University College Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, potentially the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
Users registered at CERN: 10 History and status of collaboration: Ireland used to participate in bubble-chamber experiments, but did not move on to electronic experiments, for lack of funding. Instead, Ireland focused on cosmic-ray physics. However, University College Dublin (UCD) has recently made two senior appointments in experimental high-energy physics, Trinity College Dublin has made a senior appointment in theoretical physics, and the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies has appointed a former CERN TH staff member to a senior position. UCD has been accepted into both CMS and LHCb, but substantial Government funding has been denied by the SFI. Ireland has been a member of CrossGrid and now EGEE, and has a strong interest in Grid technology. The possibility of Irish membership of CERN is advocated by Irish physicists and has been considered by several Government advisory bodies, but no action has yet been taken. The Irish Government has never expressed any official interest in participation in CERN. The present Irish Chief Scientific Adviser has visited CERN, and was apparently favourable towards Irish membership, but no concrete steps have been visible.
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Lebanon
Highest-level agreement: No agreement signed yet, but discussions have started in 2008.
Collaborating agency:
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Prof. Saadeddine el Hariri, Lebanese University, Beirut.
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: ALICE under discussion
Participating institutes: Lebanese University, Beirut
Users registered at CERN: Several Lebanese citizens are registered as users
History and status of collaboration: Prof. Hariri has a PhD in experimental particle physics. He took the initiative to contacts several CERN staff, and is expected to visit CERN early next year. The Lebanese University intends to create a master programme in high energy physics, with the purpose of extending the programme to the doctorate level. Prof. Hariri, was mandated by Prof. Zoheir Chokr, the Rector of Lebanese University, to initiate discussions with CERN, with a view to making an agreement, initially between CERN and the Lebanese University.
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Madagascar
Highest-level agreement:
Collaborating agency: University of Antananarivo
Agency contact: Prof. Zely Arivelo Randriamanantany, Head of Physics Department, University of Antananarivo, [email protected] Prof. Roland Raboanary, Physics Department, University of Antananarivo, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Stephan Narison, University of Montpellier, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: LHCb (1 student at the University of Glasgow)
Participating institutes: University of Antananarivo
Users registered at CERN: 1
History and status of collaboration: Following contacts established in 2003, arising from the interest of a Malagasy expatriate physicist working in France, several students from the University of Antananarivo have subsequently participated in the CERN Summer Student Programme. Two of these students are now working on PhDs in Europe, one in LHCb, and the rest are in the Malagasy university system at various levels. These students impressed with their quality, so it can be hoped that such exchanges will eventually lead to experimental high-energy physics activities in Madagascar. The University of Antananarivo has signed an expression of interest for the participation of physicists from the University of Antananarivo in the LHCb experiment, which will allow the partners to further their common scientific interest in enabling physicists from Madagascar to participate in the LHCb experiment. The next step would be for the University of Antananarivo to become an Asscociate Member of LHCb. The possibility of signing a Co-operation Agreement with the Malagasy Government might be envisaged if a Malagasy high-energy physics community develops.
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Palestinian Territories
Highest-level agreement: The Palestinian Authority is a Member of SESAME, and hence covered by the corresponding Co-operation Agreement, 28 July 2004. No agreement specifically with the Palestinian Authority is envisaged at the moment.
Collaborating agency:
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Wafaa Khater, Birzeit University, +972-54-464-6571, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments:
Participating institutes: Birzeit University
Users registered at CERN: 1
History and status of collaboration: For some time, there have been sporadic contacts with individual expatriate Palestinian scientists. A theorist from Birzeit University in the Palestinian West Bank was recently a co-author of the CERN Yellow Book on non-standard Higgs physics, and one of the first participants in the ICTP LHC programme was a Palestinian student who is now working on a PhD within the ATLAS collaboration. The Israeli group in ATLAS has worked in the past with Arab high-energy physicists, and sponsors Palestinian summer students at CERN.
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Qatar
Highest-level agreement: Qatar University signed in 2007 an Expression of Interest to collaborate with CERN
Collaborating agency: Potentially the Qatar Foundation
Agency contact: Dr Abdelali Haoudi, Vice-President for Research, Qatar Foundation, [email protected]
Physicist contact: Prof. Ilham Al-Qaradawi, Physics Department, Qatar University, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:-
Participations in experiments: Potentially ISOLDE, and ATLAS or CMS
Participating institutes: Potentially Qatar University, Texas A&M University in Qatar
Users registered at CERN:
History and status of collaboration: In 2007, Prof. Al-Qaradawi visited CERN with a large group of students, and expressed interest in collaborating with CERN. She is an expert in using positron techniques to characterize materials, and common interest was established with the ISOLDE group. On subsequent visits, she has confirmed this interest and stated her intention to establish a group working in one of the LHC collaborations. Most of her students would like to embark on research with her. She currently has a large funding request pending with the Qatar Foundation, which seems likely to be granted. If so, an Agreement with the Qatar Foundation would be the logical next step.
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Sri Lanka
Date of highest-level agreement: Expression of Interest for the participation of physicists from the University of Ruhuna in the CMS Experiment, 5 December 2006
Collaborating agency: Ministry of Science
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: W.G.D. Dharmaratna [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: Potentially CMS
Participating institutes: University of Ruhuna
Users registered at CERN: 1
Narrative description of history and status of collaboration:
Particle physicists from Sri Lanka, who had earlier been working in research laboratories in the US, have contacted CERN to explore possibilities for participating in CERN’s physics programme. Following these contacts, several students from the University of Ruhuna have participated in the CERN Summer Student Programme. An exploratory visit by CERN established that there is a significant group of qualified particle physicists in Sri Lanka. The particle physicists in Sri Lanka have the support of their authorities, including the Minister of Science, who has encouraged them to bring forward a concrete proposal that would enable them to collaborate with CERN. The particle physicists consider participation in the CMS Collaboration, with the support of Florida State University in the US and the Tata Institute in India.
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Thailand
Highest-level agreement:
Collaborating agency:
Agency contact:
Physicist contacts: David Ruffolo, Mahidol University Richard Breedon, UC Davis, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: Interest in CMS
Participating institutes: Potentially Chulalongkorn University, Mahidol University
Users registered at CERN: 1
History and status of collaboration: Thailand has only a handful of high-energy particle physicists, most of whom are more active in teaching than in research. Due to top-level initiative and support, Thailand has created a National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), a very well equipped organization of size and budget comparable to that of CERN. Thailand also operates its own synchrotron radiation facility. In 2002 CERN established contacts with NSDTA, whose sub-organization NECTEC (National Electronics and Computing Technology) was prepared to support the participation of Thailand’s high-energy particle physics community in the CMS collaboration. Thailand’s participation could be in the manufacture of detector electronics and Grid computing. Unfortunately, the physics community in Thailand showed less interest and initiative than their government representatives and funding agencies to pursue a course towards collaboration with CERN. In 2003, the CMS Collaboration signed an Expression of Interest with a group of Thai particle physicists. The group then organized a workshop on the proposed CERN-Thailand Co-operation that was attended by 29 scientists from nine Thai institutions. In 2004, a roadmap was drafted with the aim of defining a set of agreed actions leading towards an established scientific co-operation with CERN. This roadmap eventually became obsolete due to a manifest lack of interest and determination of Thailand’s physics community.
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Tunisia
Highest-level agreement:
Collaborating agency: Potentially the Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Adel Trabelsi, Centre National des Sciences et Technologies Nucléaires (CNSTN), [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments: Previously OPERA (4 authors), potentially CMS
Participating institutes: Potentially the CNTSN, University of Tunis El-Manar, University of Carthage
Users registered at CERN:
History and status of collaboration: A delegation from CMS visited the CNSTN in 2008, as well as universities and government officials in Tunisia. It was impressed by the facilities, physicists and degree of official support. There are about 10 particle physicists with PhDs who are interested in collaborating with CERN, many of whom obtained their PhDs working on CERN experiments. There are also 5 instrumentation engineers at the CNSTN, currently working on radiation monitoring and available to transfer to LHC work, and the University of Carthage is ready to finance other engineers. The CNSTN would lead the Tunisian team, with university groups in collaboration, advised by physicists from Saclay and Lyon. The initial effort would be in analysis, where team members have more experience. The CNSTN plan to start an activity in Micromegas detectors, and has sufficient engineering support to construct RPCs. A Tunisian group participated previously in OPERA, but the signature of an ICA is a requirement before the Government will agree to finance a high-energy physics group. A CERN visit is planned for 2009.
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Venezuela
Highest-level agreement: Currently there is no Co-operation Agreement with Venezuela. However, the Ambassador of the Venezuelan Mission in Geneva manifested interest in starting a co-operation with CERN.
Collaborating agency:
Agency contact:
Physicist contact: Prof. Luis Nuñez, [email protected] Dr. Jose Ocariz, [email protected]
Participations in accelerator projects:
Participations in experiments:
Participating institutes: Universidad de los Andes (ULA), Merida Unversidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas
Users registered at CERN: 1 in ATLAS from IN2P3
History and status of collaboration: The Universidad de los Andes (Merida) and the Universidad Central de Venezuela (Caracas) are part of the HELEN network. To a large extent HELEN has been the seed which allowed the creation of a group of HEP in Universidad de los Andes (Merida). A Venezuelan physicist affiliated to IN2P3 has been supervising students from ULA who will integrate to the new group. This group may start a participation in the ATLAS experiment.
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F4 - Others with Scientific Contacts with CERN
For completeness of information, we note here briefly other states that have had some scientific contacts with CERN.
Albania
In the 1990s, CERN had sporadic contacts with the physics community and government in Albania, but these are not active. One Albanian is registered as a user at CERN.
Bahrain
Physicist contacts: Mohammad Hussein, Physics Department, University of Bahrain, [email protected] Mar de Fez, New York Institute of Technology, [email protected]
Several members of the Government of Bahrain, including the Ministers of Industry and Petroleum, visited CERN in 2008, and a return visit was made in late 2008. Three universities have potential interest in collaborating with CERN: the University of Bahrain, the Ahlia University of Bahrain, and the local branch of the New York Institute of Technology. The University of Bahrain has an active Physics Department, whose faculty includes one particle theorist active in Higgs physics and plans to sign an Expression of Interest to collaborate with CERN. The Ahlia University of Bahrain has signed such an Expression of Interest, mainly with a view to sending IT students to CERN. The New York Institute of Technology has an Instructor who obtained a PhD working on DELPHI and then worked for two years on CMS. She is active giving lectures on particle experiments at the University of Bahrain.
Bosnia
A CERN delegation visited Bosnia & Herzegovina in 2001. The country's research infrastructure is being reconstructed, with emphasis on physics for medical applications. Due to the severe damage suffered during the war, this is a slow process. The country participates in SEEGrid.
Ghana
Scientist contact: Peter Amoako-Yirenkyi, Mathematics Department, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, [email protected]
A Ghanaian trained with the CERN library in 2007 on digital library techniques in 2007, funded by the UNESCO International basic Sciences Programme, and enabled contact to be established with the Physics Department of the KNUST. Also in 2007, a
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Ghanaian participated in the High-School Teachers programme. Subsequently, in 2008 a student joined the CERN Summer Programme in Physics.
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan’s original participation in ATLAS has lapsed due to the lack of a high- energy particle physics community and, although scientific and political contacts are maintained, it is not expected to establish a mutually beneficial Co-operation with Kazakhstan in the near term.
Kuwait
Physicist contact: Dr Ali Hussain Abdullah, Department of Applied Science, College of Technological Studies, [email protected]
Following his participation in a workshop on collaboration with CERN held at the UAE University in 2007, a Kuwaiti physicist visited CERN in 2008. He has expressed his personal interest in collaborating with CERN, and has been making publicity for CERN and the LHC in the region, but is not himself a particle physicist, and there does not appear to be a substantial particle-physics community in the country.
Latvia
Scientists of the Institute of Electronics and Computer Science contributed to CMS in an early phase as members of the tracker team, but then dropped out. Members of the Institute of Solid State Physics of the University of Latvia contributed to the Crystal
Clear Project with a study of BGO and PbWO4 scintillators. The Latvian Academy of Sciences has co-operated with CERN in the extension of EGEE to Latvia. Two Latvian institutes are members of the BalticGrid, namely the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science of the University of Latvia in Riga, and the Riga Technical University. They also participate in EGEE.
Luxemburg
CERN has had no formal contacts with physicists or officials from Luxemburg. Four persons with Luxemburg nationality are registered as CERN users.
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Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
An Agreement with the University of Skopje in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia was signed in 1990, but there have subsequently been very limited scientific contacts. The country is a member of SEEGrid. A Minister visited CERN in late 2008, but there is little sign of willingness or the means to collaborate with CERN.
Malaysia
Over the last two decades Malaysia has enjoyed a steep increase in per-capita income. At the same time, the Government of Malaysia has made considerable investments in education infrastructure: Malaysia now has more than 30 universities, half of which are private. However, the number of science students is still rather low and there is only a very small particle physics community in Malaysia. Contacts established with Malaysia's Ministry of Education and Academy of Sciences in 2003 could not be further developed due to a lack of response from Malaysia. Malaysian students attended the CERN Summer Students programme in 2007 and 2008, and the IN2P3 is interested in developing collaboration with Malaysia in experimental high-energy physics.
Moldova
Physicists from Moldova have expressed interest in collaborating with CERN, but there have been no formal contacts. Two persons with Moldovan nationality are registered as CERN users.
Mongolia
Like many other Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries, Mongolia benefited previously from a relatively high level of education, support and scientific research opportunities offered by Russia, Eastern Europe and JINR (Dubna). Following the demise of the USSR, Mongolian scientists suffered from increasing isolation and in particular from a lack of income and financial support, with the result that many scientists left the country or changed profession. Nevertheless, a hard core of senior scientists remains, accompanied now by a younger generation. While currently collaborating with CERN through JINR, this community also wishes to establish direct contacts with CERN, and has installed and runs simulation and physics software. Mongolia can hardly afford to collaborate with CERN for financial reasons, but the intellectual potential of its scientists are good reason for CERN to collaborate also with Mongolia. Unfortunately this is increasingly hampered by the departure of the older generation, which has not been able to pass its personal contacts with the international community on to the younger generation. Contacts with Mongolia have thus become increasingly sparse. In 2003, the Mongolian Minister of Science and Technology has proposed to sign a Co-operation Agreement, which would be executed by the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, but this has not been followed up, in view of the above-depicted situation.
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Oman
Over the last twenty years, Oman has seen a sharp rise in its GDP per capita, leading to large investments in the country’s infrastructure, business and education systems. First contacts with the Sultan Qaboos University in Muscat showed that a growing number of young Omani physicists are getting interested in fundamental research such as particle physics, astrophysics and mathematics. The university has recently expressed interest in contacts with CERN, starting with the training of its students in CERN’s summer student programme.
Rwanda
Government contact: Romain Murenzi, Minister in the President’s Office, [email protected]
The Rwandan Government is keen to develop Information Technology. A Rwandan student received training in digital library techniques in the CERN library in 2007, and it is planned to hold a regional workshop in Rwanda in 2009, funded by the UNESCO International Basic Science Programme.
Singapore
Physicist contact: K.K. Phua, [email protected]
Singapore participates in EGEE. Contacts have been made with the University of Singapore and the Nanyang Technological University to explore possibilities of collaboration on items of mutual interest.
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Appendix G - International Organizations with Relations with CERN
European Union
Highest-level agreement: The EU was granted Observer Status in 1985 (as the European Communities), and is represented by the European Commission (EC) at the CERN Council sessions. An Administrative Arrangement for scientific and technological Co-operation between the EC and CERN was signed in 1994.
Contacts: Robert-Jan Smits, Director, European Research Area: research programmes and capacity, +32-2-296.3296, [email protected], Leonidas Karapiperis, Advisor, Directorate B, Delegate of the EC to the CERN Council, +32-2-295.3243, [email protected]
Participation in CERN programmes: FP6: 35 projects with some 39 MEUR from the EU FP7: ERC Grants: 2 MEUR, Marie Curie ITN projects: 7 MEUR, Co-funding for the CERN Fellowship programme: 5 MEUR, e-infrastructure projects: 10.5 MEUR, Research infrastructure projects: 7 MEUR
History and status of the collaboration: CERN was founded before the European Communities were established. CERN started participating in the Fifth EU Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP5) at the end of the 1990s. CERN’s collaboration with Russia received effective contributions from the EU via the INTAS and ISTC programmes. The first ISTC-funded project involving CERN teams came in 1994, and the first INTAS-CERN Joint Call was published in 1999. The EU has been providing co-financing for the ISOLDE community and provided 2.7 MCHF to support the nTOF programme The participation of CERN in FP6 (2002-2006) was very active, and most of the 35 CERN projects funded with 39 MEUR under FP6 have finished or are close to completion. The European Commission asked CERN to take the lead in EGEE, the flagship EU project for the development of the European computing Grid.
In 2003 there was a new INTAS-CERN Joint Call, again focusing on supporting the participation of groups from institutes in the former Soviet Union in the LHC experiments. INTAS also provides some support for summer schools and fellowships. The major active ISTC projects have been for CMS crystal production and three projects making preliminary investigations of technologies related to the Linac4/SPL. The EU also supports the EURONS Integrated Project on neutron structure and the EURISOL design study, in which CERN has significant involvements. The creation of ESGARD (European Steering Group on Accelerator R&D) led to the award of a 5- year Integrated Project (CARE for Co-ordinated Accelerator R&D in Europe), the
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EUROTEV Design Study and the EUDET study of detector technologies. The Enabling Grids for E-science in Europe (EGEE) project is building on recent advances in Grid technology to develop a service Grid infrastructure in Europe. The EU has also funded two networks for collaboration with Latin America, HELEN and EELA, which benefit CERN research programmes, though CERN receives very little funds directly. The following is a summary of the resources made available to CERN by the EU under some of its recent programmes: CARE: 4.3 MCHF, DIRAC: 0.3 MCHF, EGEE I, II and III: 38.8 MCHF (also regional Grid projects such as EELA, SEEGRID, BalticGrid and EUMEDGrid: 1.1 MCHF, and other Grid projects: 9.6 MCHF), EUDET: 0.5 MCHF, EURISOL: 2.8 MCHF, EURONS: 2.1 MCHF, EUROTEV: 2.3 MCHF, HELEN: 3.9 MCHF, INTAS: 2.7 MCHF, ISTC: 12.7 MCHF, Marie Curie: 11.3 MCHF.
The seventh Framework Programme started in 2007, and CERN has participated in a number of successful proposals submitted to the different FP7 programmes, with a value to CERN of 31.5 MEUR in 2007-8. Under the “Ideas” Programme, CERN will host one Starting and one Advanced ERC Grant from the 2007 ERC Calls. Under the “People” Programme, CERN will receive funding for five ITN (Initial Training Network) projects of the 2007 ITN Call, and funding for its Fellowship Programme from the new scheme for co-funding of transnational postdoctoral programmes. Under the “Capacities” programme, CERN participates in eight e-infrastructure projects, among which EGEE-III; in one Design Study (EUROnu); two Preparatory Phase projects for new or major upgrades of research infrastructures (SLHC-PP and ILC- HiGrade), and in two large Integrating Activity projects (EuCARD and ULICE; the former is for accelerator R&D and is coordinated by CERN). Note that the EU projects of the Capacities programme (for research infrastructures and e- infrastructures) require some matching funds and other resources from CERN, whereas the Marie Curie and ERC projects provide full funding for the personnel costs of the recruited fellows.
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International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)
Highest-level agreement: Collaboration Agreement, 2006
Institutional contact: Prof. Katepali Sreenivasan, ICTP Director, Trieste, Italy, [email protected] History and status of collaboration:
The International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste was founded by the late Prof. Abdus Salam. It is associated with UNESCO and the IAEA, and receives substantial funding from the Italian Government. Collaboration between ICTP and CERN, particularly in support of physicists in developing countries, notably in Africa, occurs in three main areas: for enabling scientists from developing countries to participate in LHC experiments via scholarships, fellowships and associateships provided by the ICTP, co-organizing scientific conferences and schools, and opening access to scientific information. Several ICTP awards have already been made for work on CERN physics projects, including to young scientists from Sri Lanka, Algeria and Palestine. An ICTP group has now been accepted to participate in the ATLAS Collaboration as part of a cluster with the INFN group in Udine. ICTP and CERN collaborate in identifying suitable young scientists from developing countries, e.g., in South America, Africa and Asia, who can participate in CERN educational programs and also in ICTP training courses. A conference on ‘Scientific Co-operation across the Mediterranean’ was held at the ICTP in November 2006 with some sponsorship from CERN and extensive participation from North Africa and the Middle East. In 2007 an ICTP workshop on rich media webcasting technologies for science dissemination was prepared in collaboration with the CERN communication group. This was followed in 2008 by a workshop co-organised by ICTP and CERN on Open Access Models for Science Dissemination. CERN used this opportunity to give further training to people who participated in the UNESCO-IBSP initiative at CERN in 2007.
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International Fusion Research Organization (ITER) Highest-level agreement: A Co-operation Agreement was signed on 6 March 2008 History and status of the collaboration: In view of the considerable overlap in technological expertise and interests between CERN and ITER, and CERN’s experience as an International Scientific Organization, this CA provides for collaboration in the following areas: scientific co-operation, including through the provision and exchange of information and data on scientific activities, developments, practices and results, technical co-operation, including through the provision and exchange of information and data on technical activities, developments practices and results, administrative co-operation, including through the provision and exchange of know-how and software, and the provision of consultancy services requested in any of the above-mentioned areas, including through the provision of experts, equipment and software. It was also agreed to co-ordinate actions with other international research and development activities, in order to avoid any inappropriate duplication of efforts. This CA is overseen by a Co-ordination Committee with equal numbers of members from ITER and CERN.
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Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) Highest-level agreement: A Co-operation Agreement was signed on 29 May 1992 Institute contact: Alexei Sissakian, Director of JINR, [email protected] Contributions to the CERN programme: Listed under the names of the corresponding JINR Member States History and status of the collaboration: Though located in Russia and mainly funded by it, JINR is an Intergovernmental Organization with 18 Member States. It sets its own science policy and sends its scientists and engineers to CERN using its own resources. Scientific relations between CERN and JINR date back to 1957, were formalized in 1963 and have subsequently been contributing successfully to bridging the gap between East and West. Until 1990 this was the only possibility for many East European scientists to participate in CERN research. Since 1970, the traditional CERN–JINR schools for young scientists have given starting impulses for many scientific careers. The success of the first joint CERN–JINR experiment (NA4 at SPS in 1974) inspired a long list of similar collaborations with other outstanding Russian research institutes. JINR was the first institute to have an approved ISTC proposal, in 1993, for CERN-related research, namely the cryostat for NA48. The scientific contribution of JINR to the overall CERN activities includes all areas of research and engineering. JINR has contributed to the LHC machine (dampers), to the experiments (CMS, ATLAS and ALICE) and to the WLCG, as well as to the non-LHC programme (DIRAC, COMPASS, CAST, NA48, NA49, OPERA and HARP). The intellectual and technical contributions of JINR to non-LHC experiments are highly appreciated. Within CMS, JINR initiated a collaboration scheme called RDMS (Russia and JINR Member States) which allowed a good coordination of the participation of these countries and made their contribution more visible. The well-developed infrastructure of JINR made possible the production of important heavy and high-technology equipment. JINR has also been involved in common software development projects (NICE, LabVIEW, EDH) and participates in the EGEE project. JINR also engages in CLIC R&D under contract from CERN.
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United Nations Organizations
Highest-level agreement: A partnership agreement with UNOPS and CERN (K 1321/IT) governs the hosting of the UNOSAT project by CERN. This agreement is being renewed in December 2008 and extended to 2013. The amendment to the Agreement reflects the transfer of responsibility from UNOPS to UNITAR, and provides for expansion to a broader Agreement with UNITAR, which could also cover CLIMSAT. Collaborating agencies: UNITAR: The United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) is an autonomous body within the United Nations with a mandate to enhance the effectiveness of the UN through training and research. UNOPS: The United Nations Office for Project Support (UNOPS) provides technical and administrative support to other UN programmes on a per- project basis. It held initial responsibility for managing the UNOSAT programme (see below), which is now affiliated directly with UNITAR. UNOSAT: The United Nations Operational Satellite Applications Programme (UNOSAT) seeks to encourage, facilitate, accelerate and expand the employment of satellite-based applications. It has an office hosted by CERN. CLIMSAT: A UN programme for analyzing satellite data on climate change. It works in collaboration with UNOSAT. Agency contacts: Francesco Pisano, UNOSAT Programme, UNITAR ,Palais des Nations, 1210 Geneva, Switzerland, Tel: +(41) - 22 - 917 8720, [email protected] Alain Retiere, CLIMSAT Programme, [email protected] History and status of the collaboration: UNOSAT started in 2001 as a joint initiative of UNOPS and UNITAR, and is today the sole UN programme dedicated to providing the UN system and sister agencies with operational satellite applications for emergency relief, peace-keeping, vulnerability reduction and post-crisis recovery. The programme supports all UN agencies involved in these activities, and serves as a main interface between the UN system and space community. CERN hosts UNOSAT map production facilities and provides computing capacity guaranteeing UNOSAT ability to elaborate, host and deliver sophisticated satellite imagery. Preferential links to some major satellite operators and data providers enable UNOSAT to acquire and quickly process imagery in response to humanitarian emergencies in the shortest turn-around time possible. UNOSAT benefits from the very powerful IT infrastructure deployed by CERN, while consuming a very limited fraction of these very valuable resources and offering a non-HEP test bed for the Grid. UNOSAT has participated to a number of highly visible events together with CERN such as the World Summit on Information Society, and the World Conference on Vulnerability Reduction in Kobe, where special support from CERN to UNOSAT at the occasion of the great Indian Ocean tsunami was widely advertised globally, among others.
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UNESCO
Highest-level agreement: CERN was founded under the auspices of UNESCO, which has had Observer Status at CERN since 1955, under an Agreement signed in 1956. A MoU was signed in 1996 between ROSTE (the UNESCO Venice Office) and CERN.
Agency contacts: Walter ERDELEN, Assistant Director-General for Natural Sciences, UNESCO, 1 rue Miollis, 75732 Paris Cedex 15, France, Tel (+33-1) 45.68.40.78, Fax (+33-1) 45.68.58.01, [email protected] Maciej NALECZ, Director, Division of Basic and Engineering Sciences, Natural Sciences Sector, UNESCO, 75732 Paris Cedex 15, France, Tel (+33-1) 45.68.39.30, Fax (+33-1) 45.68. 58.21, [email protected]
Physicist contacts: Minella Alarcon, Programme Specialist for Physics and Mathematics, Division of Basic and Engineering Sciences, Natural Sciences Sector, UNESCO, 1 rue Miollis, 75015 Paris, Tel: (33 1) 45 68 38 91,Fax: (33 1) 45 68 58 21, [email protected] Prof. Herwig Schopper, Chair of International Basic Science Programme (IBSP), [email protected]
Participation in CERN programmes: IBSP 150 KCHF in 2007-2009
History and status of the collaboration: UNESCO played important roles in the admission of new Member States, most recently Bulgaria, and in facilitating the participation of Iran in the CERN programme. CERN has collaborated with the UNESCO’s Regional Office for Science and Technology for Europe (ROSTE) on the reconstruction of scientific Co-operation in South-East Europe. Now there is an active collaboration with the UNESCO-IBSP programme in training, building capacitance and strengthening science particularly in Africa. The IBSP extends and develops the longstanding UNESCO effort to meet the needs of Member States in advanced research, training of young scientists, sharing of scientific information, and improvement of science education. IBSP offers a platform for common actions in developing the capacity of scientists/engineers globally by providing training, education and hands-on expertise. UNESCO has in the past made available to CERN some 100 KCHF per year to support the participation of scientists and engineers from developing countries in the CERN schools in informatics, accelerator and particle physics. It also provides some ad hoc fellowships for individual scientists and engineers from such countries to work at CERN for limited periods. Most recently, UNESCO collaborated with CERN in organizing the conference on the Role of Science in the Information Society held at CERN in December 2003. CERN is currently in the process of being recognized as a ‘centre of excellence’ for UNESCO's International Basic Science Programme (IBSP). Instrumental to achieving this is to get a certain number of projects funded by
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UNESCO. Proposals on digital libraries and open access, science education (e.g., training courses for teachers), the training of scientists from developing countries, computing and networking training have been supported by the IBSP in 2007-2009. These IBSP grants have facilitated the participation by high-school teachers, students, librarians and information technologists from several developing countries, many from Africa, with no previous experience of collaboration with CERN. It is planned to use IBSP funds to hold a regional digital library workshop in Rwanda early in 2009, and to host more African high-school teachers at CERN. The primary objectives are to establish open access to African research by means of promoting and installing digital repositories in universities across the African continent, and Enhancing teachers understanding and appreciation of science, physics, to enhance the teaching capacities of physics teachers, and to provide an international forum for the exchange of information and ideas among teachers. These activities are conducted in collaboration with the ICTP, and follow up on CERN participation in the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).
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United Nations University (UNU)
Highest-level Agreement: An MoU was signed in October 2006. Agency contact: Professor Konrad Osterwalder, Rector , United Nations University, 5-53-70 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8925, Japan, Tel: +81-3-5774-1975, Fax: +81-3- 3499-2828, [email protected] Brendan Barrett, [email protected] History and status of the collaboration: Following a first meeting in 2005 between the CERN Director-General, the United Nations University (UNU) Rector and the ITU Secretary General, a collaboration with specific common action items has been established, which has been formalized by an MOU. This foresees collaboration in the following main areas: supporting through research, capacity building and networking of the work of the Association of African Universities with the development of the African University Network (AFUNET) project, promoting the principles of Open Access, Open Educational Resources (i.e. open content, Open Courseware), digital and e-libraries, undertaking joint research on the use of Internet and information technologies for academic and research networking with a particular focus on support for young scientists in the developing world, and developing joint research projects between UNU-IIST and CERN in advanced software technology related to the scientific research at CERN. The principal collaborating entities within the UNU would be the UNU Centre in Tokyo (mainly through the capacity-building programme and online learning), the UNU International Institute for Software Technology (UNU-IIST) in Macau, the UNU Maastricht Economic and Social Research and Training Centre on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT), and the Global Virtual University (GVU), a joint programme of UNU with GRID-Arendal, an associated institution of UNU.
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World Health Organization (WHO)
Agency contact: S. Yunkap Kwankam, E-Health Department of Knowledge Management and Sharing, WHO, Avenue Appia 20, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, Phone: +41 22 791 2527, [email protected]
History and status of the collaboration: There is already collaboration with WHO within the context of the africa@home project - a website for volunteer computing projects which allow computers to contribute to African humanitarian causes, with the goal of involving African students and African universities in the development and running of these volunteer computing projects. This project has now had a second round for funding, and WHO participation was critical since the project deals with neglected or not mainstream diseases in Africa and other developing regions. The involvement of WHO is key for identifying the diseases and pinpointing the issues that need to be addressed. There have been exploratory discussions with WHO to define other possible areas of collaboration. These may include common project(s) in the areas of ICTs and healthgrids, cheap imaging devices not requiring x-ray film and remote consultations using medical data exchange with the aid of mobile telephones. These would need external funding.
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World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
Agency contacts: Mongi Hamdi, Chief and Secretary to the UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development, UNCTAD, Palais des Nations, Geneva, Switzerland, Tel: 004122 9175069, Fax: 0041229170122, [email protected] Charles Geiger, Advisor, UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development, UNCTAD, Palais des Nations, Geneva, Switzerland, [email protected] Jean Yves Bernier, ITU, Geneva, Switzerland, [email protected]
History and status of the collaboration: CERN participated in the initial 2003 meeting of the WSIS and organized an associated event highlighting the Role of Science in the Information Society (RSIS). The CERN Director-general participated in the follow-up WSIS meeting in Tunis in 2005, the Secretary-General participated in the ‘Connect Africa’ Summit in Rwanda in 2007, and CERN has been co-ordinating various actions with WSIS. These include the promotion of the underlying digital infrastructure and the Open Access movement. In this context, CERN has entered into agreements with ICTP and the UNU, and obtained support from the UNESCO-IBSP.
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Digital Solidarity Fund
Agency contact: M. Alain Clerc, Executive Secretary, [email protected]
The Digital Solidarity Fund (DSF) is fully supportive of the CERN initiative for establishing digital libraries in Africa, and has agreed to provide laptops for a CERN- organized, UNESCO-IBSP-sponsored workshop in Rwanda. The DSF has indicated its willingness to support future library workshops in other African countries such as Mali. The DSF would like to formalise a collaboration for the workshop in Rwanda with a common document to agreed between CERN, DSF and possibly UNESCO.
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