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JACKSON, C.D.: Papers DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER LIBRARY ABILENE, KANSAS JACKSON, C. D.: PAPERS, 1931-1967 A72-26 Processed by: DJH Date Completed: July 1973 The papers of C.D. Jackson were deposited in the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library in February 1972. On December 15, 1971, Mrs. C.D. Jackson executed an instrument of gift for these papers. Linear feet: 36 Approximate number of pages: 77,000 Approximate number of items: 30,000 The donor reserves to herself all literary property rights in all writings of the late C.D. Jackson in all papers donated to the United States under terms of this instrument or which may be included in other collections of papers deposited in the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library. By agreement with the donor the following classes of documents will be withheld from research use: 1. Papers relating to the family and private business affairs of the late C.D. Jackson. 2. Papers relating to the family and private business affairs of other persons who had correspondence with him. 3. Papers relating to investigations of individuals or to appointments and personnel matters. 4. Papers containing statements made by or to the late C.D. Jackson in confidence unless in the judgment of the Director of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library the reason for the confidentiality no longer exists. 5. All other papers, which contain information or statements that might be used to injure, embarrass or damage any living person. 6. Papers the opening of which might be prejudicial to the conduct of current foreign relations. Special Restriction: Permission of Time Incorporated is required to cite or quote materials originated by any individual in his capacity as an official of Time Incorporated. SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE The papers of Charles Douglas Jackson cover the period from 1931 to 1967 but the bulk falls into the years from 1940-1964. The papers were sent to the Eisenhower Library arranged in two series: an army file and a general file. This original order has been retained by the Library. Almost a fourth of this collection concerns C.D. Jackson’s psychological warfare activities during World War II when Jackson, representing the Office of War Information (OWI), served as Deputy Chief, Psychological Warfare Branch (PWB), Allied Forces Headquarters (AFHQ) in 1943, and Deputy Chief, Psychological Warfare Division (PWD), Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), 1944-45. At AFHQ in Algiers, he directed OWI propaganda leaflet and newswriting activities, and in London with PWD, SHAEF, he participated in Allied efforts to arouse the conquered people of Europe against the Germans. During the late stages of the war Jackson directed the Allied Information Service which distributed information about the Allies’ war efforts to France and other liberated areas. This portion of the collection consists of official correspondence, memoranda, cables, reports, and propaganda leaflets which reflect the shaping of Allied psychological warfare policies, as well as some personal correspondence, newsclippings, and miscellaneous materials. Important subjects include propaganda methods, Allied liberation of France and relations with the French, information control in Allied-occupied Germany, OWI functions, civil affairs, displaced persons, and the surrender of Italy. Prominent “psychwar” personnel with whom C.D. Jackson corresponded include Richard Crossman, Brigadier General Robert McClure, Edward Barrett, and Fred Auberjonois. The remainder of these papers fall into an alphabetically arranged General File or Time Inc. File which spans Jackson’s career with Time Inc. from 1931 to his death in 1964. Following is a partial list of his positions and functions during this period: Vice President, Time Incorporated, 1940; President of Council for Democracy, 1940; Special Assistant to the U.S. Ambassador to Turkey, 1942-43; President of the Free Europe Committee (this directed Radio Free Europe) 1951-52; Speechwriter for Dwight D. Eisenhower during his campaign for the Presidency in 1952; Special Assistant to the President for International Affairs, 1953-54; U.S. Delegate to the Ninth General Assembly of the United Nations, 1954; speechwriter and consultant to President Eisenhower during the Lebanon Crisis of 1958; and unofficial consultant to the President on other occasions. In his long career with Time Incorporated Jackson served as one of Henry Luce’s vice presidents; supervised overseas activities of Time Inc. during the late 1940s; became publisher of Fortune and, later, Life; gave numerous speeches; and conducted other public relations functions. Some of these activities are reflected in his correspondence with Henry Luce and John K. Jessup, as well as in his extensive speech file. Jackson was an ardent believer in the virtues of American democracy and free enterprise and a staunch opponent of communism and fascism. As President of the Council for Democracy in 1940, he participated in an organization whose objectives were to alert American people to the threats of Nazism and fascism and to prepare them for involvement in World War II. Included in these papers are meeting minutes, memoranda, and correspondence concerning this organization. After World War II Jackson became strongly sympathetic to the plight of Eastern European countries under communist domination and was an active participant in Radio Free Europe from the time of its founding in 1949 until his death in 1964. Folders of official Radio Free Europe papers as well as correspondence with individuals in the organization comprise a small but significant part of this collection. As Special Assistant to the President for International Affairs, Jackson was concerned with furnishing ideas to the President, the Secretary of State, and other policy makers on scoring propaganda points against the Soviet bloc. In carrying out this role, Jackson took the lead in preparing President Eisenhower’s Atoms for Peace speech which the President gave at the United Nations on December 8, 1953. Jackson also helped prepare other foreign policy speeches, participated in National Security Council and Operations Coordinating Board meetings, and attended the Bermuda Conference in December 1953 and the Berlin Four Power Conference, January 25 to February 18, 1954. Although he resigned from the White House staff in 1954, Jackson continued to correspond and occasionally consult with President Eisenhower, John Foster Dulles, and others in the Administration and, in 1958, returned to the White House to serve as a consultant and speechwriter for the President during the Lebanon crisis. In his correspondence, Jackson continually pushed a plan for massive United States economic assistance to underdeveloped countries. In addition to his political, diplomatic, and publishing activities, Jackson participated in numerous business, cultural, and social undertakings. For example, as a member of the Board of Trustees for the U.S. Council of the International Chamber of Commerce he was an energetic participant in this organization’s efforts to promote business support for the European Recovery Program during the late 1940s and early 1950s. As a member of the board of the Metropolitan Opera Association he helped plan for a new building site, and was involved in planning for the construction of the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. Jackson was also on the boards of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, the United Negro College Fund, and the Carnegie Corporation. Jackson’s papers reflect all of the above-listed activities of Jackson as well as many others. Types of material include official and personal correspondence, reports, memoranda, transcripts of conversations, speeches, and some printed matter. An important segment is entitled “Log” and is arranged by years (1953 to 1964). This log originated as a brief daily record dictated by Jackson during his first year at the White House. After he left the government this log became more of a file for especially important correspondence, memos, and transcripts of conversations. It may be said that this log contains a record of the highlights of the years concerned. A large number of photographs were removed from this collection and turned over to the Dwight D. Eisenhower Audio-Visual Collection. Biographical Note March 16, 1902 Born, New York City 1924 A.B., Princeton University 1924-31 President, C.D. Jackson and Co. [marble and stone business] 1931 Appointed Assistant to President of Time Inc. 1940 President of Council for Democracy 1942-43 Special Assistant to U.S. Ambassador to Turkey [Steinhardt] 1943-44 Deputy Chief, P.W.B., AFHQ 1944-45 Deputy Chief, PWD, SHAEF 1945 Managing Director, Time-Life International 1949 Publisher, Fortune Magazine 1951-52 President, Free Europe Committee 1952 Speechwriter for Dwight D. Eisenhower 1953-54 Special Assistant to President for International Affairs 1954 U.S. Delegate to Ninth General Assembly, United Nations 1958 Speechwriter and consultant to President Eisenhower 1960 Became publisher of Life Magazine Sept. 18, 1964 Died, New York City DESCRIPTION OF SERIES Box No. Series I. ARMY FILE, 1943-1945 1-16 Subseries A. General Alphabetical File, 1943-1945 World War II documents, including correspondence, memoranda, cables, reports, directives, plans, surveys, propaganda leaflets, and other printed materials, arranged alphabetically by subject or name. Materials pertain to Allied psych warfare efforts in the Mediterranean, North Africa, Italy, France, and Northern Europe. 16-17 Subseries B. Personal War Files, 1944-1945 Personal wartime documents arranged by subject.
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