A True-Life Story About Coal Miners — SEE PAGE 3 — THE PUBLISHEDMILITANT IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

VOL. IX — No. 15 NEW YORK, Nt & SATURDAY, APRIL 14, 1945 267 PRICE: FIVE CENTS

BOSSES PRESS(» . — FOR . ■».. ANTI-STRIKE -■ — ■ ■ LAWS— ■ SWP Election Campaign Consider "Peace Charter" Closes In Los Angeles Merely A Scrap Of Paper (Special to The M ilitant) Auto Barons and Manufacturers Association LOS ANGELES, A pril 6— Despite the powerful opposition of the boss political machines Advance 5-Point Program to Destroy Unions and the trade union officialdom who supported the capitalist candidates, 580 Los Angeles work­ ers voted for socialism by voting for Myra Tanner Weiss, Trotskyist candidate for mayor, in the By Art Preis A p ril 3 primary. The Socialist Workers Party here has emerged from its first local election cam­ Spokesmen for some of America’s most power­ paign with the slogan: “ On to the 1946 elections!” ful corporations revealed in Washington this week Since no political designations^ were permitted on the ballot in that they consider the labor-employer “ peace chart­ this “ non - partisan” election, every one of the 580 votes for Roosevelt Report Demands er,’’ signed only two weeks ago by CIO President Myra Tanner Weiss could re­ Philip Murray, AFL President William Green, and present only a conscious choice by a worker reached through the Chamber of Commerce President Eric Johnston, to Trotskyist campaign. Extension Of Wage Freeze be a mere scrap of paper. The incumbent mayor, Fletcher By C. Thomas Bowron, was reelected with a While the union leaders seek to disarm the m ajority over 14 other candidates. The stabilization witch-doctors are celebrating the "second ® workers with the fiction In the absence of a labor party anniversary” of Roosevelt’s wage-freezing hold-the-iine order. of ‘ ‘post-war industrial and with the Stalinist-dominated To commemorate the event, a quartet of administration “ stabil­ Meat Profiteers CIO Council joining the Chamber izers ’ have issued a report urging that the wage-freeze be con­ “ harmony,” the National of Commerce in supporting the tinued and extended into the “ post-war” period. big business candidate, the According to their report, thc-i> Line Pockets With Association of Manufac­ m ajority of the workers who hold-the-iine order, issued ed to the highest levels in history. voted saw no real alternative to turers and leaders of the A p ril 1943, has given rise to a But no hint of this fact was per­ the reelection of Bowron. GovernmentFunds automotive industry disclosed on condition of universal happiness mitted to mar the pretty picture A pril 9 that they have no inten­ The Stalinists and the labor and prosperity. Wages have gone painted by the “ second anniver­ While the profiteering meat bureaucracy confused the issues tions of accepting the “ labor- up, prices have risen only imper­ sary” report. packing trust continues its management accord.” In fact, and misled the labor vote by ceptibly, the cost-of-living has THE REAL BENEFICIARIES threats of imposing a meat they are pressing before Con­ throwing their support to one or been “ stabilized,” and the “ peo­ another capitalist candidate. The This nimble sleight-of-hand “ famine” unless the already gress a five-point legislative pro­ ple” are rolling in wealth. This gram designed to outlaw strikes United A F L Interviewing Com­ cheerful dish was cooked up by performance is intended to con­ high OPA price ceilings are re­ mittee endorsed Anthony P. En- ceal the fact that the real benefi­ moved, it has been revealed even in peacetime and destroy the heads of the Office of Econ­ the unions. tenza, a lawyer, but a number of omic Stabilization, Office of ciaries of Roosevelt’s hold-the- Widespread Coal Strikes Show that in the first 17 months of A F L locals supported Bowron. Price Administration, War Food iine order are the Wall Street its price subsidy operations the This revelation was made by B. El Hutchison, vice-president of Administration, War Labor plunderbund. These are the government has paid out 5592,- INDEPENDENT LABOR “ people” whose “ pocket-books the Chrysler Corporation and a POLITICS Board, and released with the 000.000 to the packers and blessing of the chief “ stabilizer” and checking accounts are bulg­ Miners R eally Mean Business Director of the National Asso­ The Socialist Workers Party also ing with money.” W ith their slaughterers. ciation of Manufacturers, at a in the White House. 2> - supported Charlotta Bass, inde­ snouts buried deep in the public By Joseph Keller Over half a billion dollars in press interview in the nation’s pendent Negro candidate, for In addition to enjoining the lusr capitol. He declared that the la­ APRIL 10.—The nation-flighting soft-coal miners weren’t A Generous Proposal tax 'money taken largely from the councilman from the 7th District. cious fruits of “ stabilization,” we low wage earners has been po” r~d bor-management code signed by (Continued on page 5) During the present soft coal Although her program was are assured that the “ people” are fooling when they voted two weeks ago by an eight to one into the coffers of the meat H urray, Green and Johnston was accumulating “ huge savings in miners contract negotiations, Stalinist, the1 Trotskyists, urged majority to authorize strike acl|gn if they didn't obtain an ac- barons whose profits before taxes “fu ll of ambiguities and omis­ ^ y -V-. - • » spokesmen for the operators her election to give expression to other forms, such as bank dep- last year were seven times as sions” and expressed surprise osjts and,.life. insurance polices J’ able contract. T . ‘ .'r &ii fiigh' as their' peacetime “ earn­ that. “Eric ’ Johnston made the “Ovef thd past 'two”¡and a half still reported closed, spokesmen port fo r independent lahor and IN THE NEWS Last week, following terminaf prove’ih a'jfance t f l mine ^ fli­ ings.” code public when he did.” Negro candidates. The CIO Coun­ years,” the stabilizers inform us, tion of their old contract, on for the operators announced that ers' counter-offer to the union, Hutchison further revealed that WANT NO PRICE CEILINGS cil backed her campaign. The CIO “ they have saved close to 25 per a “ tentative agreement” had been permitting the operators to ob­ the NAM and Chamber of Com­ March 31 and despite a 30rday reached with the UMW negotiat­ Political Action* Committee, how­ cent of their income after taxes.” On One Meat Ball, Too! tain price increases at the same Meanwhile, it has been charged merce have a joint committee further extension of the former ing committee, with only one un­ ever, supported her opponent, And all this, of course, stems di­ time, all to go into effect im­ that the present scarcity of meat, working on legislative measures rectly from Roosevelt’s hold-the W riting on “ facts behincf the contract, an estimated 100,000 ion demand still in dispute. mediately while the WLB was including widespread diversion of IRev. Carl C. Rasmussen. world food crisis” in the New which would so weaken the un­ line order, which fixed the L ittle According to the first reports, considering the dispute. supplies into the black market, Myra Tanner Weiss was the York daily PM, A pril 5, Ruth miners in some 300 mines ions as to make them easy prey Steel formula as a ceiling i the proposed new contract w ill We wonder what the opera­ lies squarely at the door of the for total destruction. only candidate who upheld the Moore lists among the main throughout eight states engaged wage increases. provide for $1.25 to $1.50 in­ tors’ reaction would have been War Food Administration. Only The specific anti-labor laws principle of independent labor causes: “The U. S. A. over-ate in spontaneous strike actions to How do these soothsayers ar­ creased daily pay, through the if the union had proposed that last December, the W FA was being fostered by the employers’ political action. She conducted an last year. The country went rive at such fantastic conclu show the profit-greedy operators payment of time-and-a-half for its demands go into effect im ­ noising it about that there was organizations are: 1. outlawing outspoken campaign on behalf of through huge stocks of food.” sions? Simply by lumping togeth­ they mean business. two hours overtime beyond the mediately, pending a W LB the rights of labor and oppressed * ¥ sp er under the one mystic symbol t Many of the strikes were con­ regular seven-hour workday in decision? (Continued on page 4) (Continued on page 5) racial minorities. She was the of “ the people” such diverse ele­ Fox-Hole Or Brass-Hat? centrated in the “ captive” mines the mines. The operators are said only candidate who dared to speak ments as corporations and peddl to be balking still at the de­ out against the wave of vigilante ers, farm laborer and landlord, Replying to a suggestion, that of the steel corporations, tradi­ mand fo r contract coverage of terrorist attacks against the capitalist and wage earner. In a combat soldier represent the tionally the worst hold-outs all mine employes except one Japanese-Americans in California. the “first anniversary” report re­ “foxhole fraternity” at the San among the mine operators. mine supervisor and one foreman. Francisco United Nations Confer­ Greek Reaction Ousts In the face of bitter opposition leased a year ago, for example, The boss press and government ence, Undersecretary of State WLB STEPS IN from the trade union officialdom, the “ stabilizers” boasted that: spokesmen had tried to picture Grew replied that Com. Harold On the day this was announced, the Trotskyist candidate carried “ Corporation profits, both before the miners’ strike vote as a mere Stassen, who resigned as Repub­ the WLB intervened to declare her message to thousands of and after taxes, rose in 1943 even gesture. The press, actually tried lican Governor of Minnesota for that it has certified the mine dis­ Workers, white, Negro and Mcxi- above the record-breaking levels to conceal the exteht of the walk­ Plastiras In New Shift pute to Roosevelt, through War of 1942.” In 1944, corporations a naval commission, as flag offi­ outs during the early part of last Mobilization Director Davis, rec­ - (Continued on page 4) profits and capital reserves soar­ cer to Admiral Halsey, “ has been By Harry Mar tell and Mrs. Demetrios Partsalides, week. But Secretary of Interior ommending “ seizure” of the 200 appointed a member of the United Ickes’ blustering demand ' last The counter-revolutionary government of General Plastiras wife of the Stalinist general sec­ States delegation. I t is fe lt that closed mines. During the strikes retary of EAM. j Thursday for a government mine two years ago, such “ seizures1 has fallen and been replaced by a cabinet, headed by Admiral he w ill fully represent the point hi8 admission of Samos has been indicted for the meant simply making the mine Voulgaris, organizer of the suppression of the Greek naval of view of men who have been murder, not of a Greek or a B rit­ the closure of over 200 mines dis­ operators government officials mutiny in A pril 19)44. The new regime differs from its prede­ 18 THANK 600 UNIONS serving overseas.” on, but of an Italian gendarme! closed the real situation. and running the mines still un­ cessor only in its more open Royalist character. Thç formation S * T - . Obviously this deed was done dur­ TENTATIVE AGREEMENT” der their control. of the new cabinet was enthusiastically acclaimed by the Royalist Tough— Ain’t It? ing the Italian occupation of In Alabama, some 25,000 of Meanwhile, 72,000 hard coal and right-wing press which are now more insistently demanding Greece. FOR HELP IN DEFENSE The society column of the New 28.000 bituminous miners, mem­ miners whose contract expires a plebiscite on the restoration®------DRIVE AGAINST ELAS Through the C ivil Rights Defense Committee the 18 mem­ York World-Telegram, March 21, bers of the United Mine Workers, April 30, are waiting for an NL­ of the monarchy. Greek people. (Published in The bers of the Socialist Workers Party and Minneapolis Truck- reported: “ Jessie Donahue is were out in protest against the RB strike poll on April 26. They The Stalinist policy of com­ M ilitant, Feb. 24, 1945). Mrs. Partsalides is charged starting the parade of palaces operators’ delay in signing an ac­ have presented the anthracite op­ with participating in an illegal drivers Local 544-CIO, who served from a year and a day to promise with Churchill’s reac­ But these Quisling actions that Palm Beach’s inner circle has ceptable contract.’ In Western erators with 30 demands, includ­ meeting under the “democratic” sixteen month sentences in federal prisons under the vicious tionary puppets reached new were not by any means confined been predicting since the war. The Pennsylvania alone an admitted ing one for a 25 per cent wage depths when the EAM press op­ to Plastiras alone. In the Athen’s regime that Churchill boasted he Smith “ Gag” Act, have sent a letter of appreciation to the more wealthy Woolworth heiress is 57.000 were out. Roving pickets increase, because, as stated by posed the removal of Plastiras, trial of John Rallis, Greek Pre­ was bringing into Greece. The than 600 trade union and progressive organizations which sup­ placing her enormous ocean-front saw to it that there was no re­ John L. Lewis, they have received denouncing the new regime as mier during the German'conquest, Stalinists have cabled their pro­ ported their defense. ® :------villa on the market... With its turn to work. “ only a 15 per cent increase since “monarchical-fascist.” The Plas­ it is now revealed that most of test to the Regent Archbishop The letter, dated March 30, was want to extend our most heart­ acres of beautiful landscaping, Under this pressure, the hard- 1923,” and the owners are more tiras regime has been conducting the reactionary politicians assist­ Damaskinos. signed by James P. Cannon, Grace felt thanks. orchid propagating and other boiled mine owners rapidly soft- “ prosperous” than in all their a ruthless reign of terror against ed in the creation of the fascist I t should be remembered that Carlson, Jake Cooper, Oscar “ Now we are out, but not yet floral greenhouses, plus a com­ ened. On A pril 9, with 200 mines history. the ELAS fighters and EAM sup­ “security” battalions which hunt­ the Stalinists signed the treach­ Coover, H arry DeBoer, Farrell free. Our civil rights were taken plete beach colony of cottages, porters, jailing them by the thou­ ed down ELAS fighters. erous agreement in January Dobbs, V. R. Dunne, Max Geld- away. Moreover, the precedent set cocktail lounges, tennis courts whereby ELAS was to lay down sands. In the past the Stalinists MUTUAL AID man, Albert Goldman, Clarence by our conviction remains a and solariums fronting the man­ compared the Plastiras regime to its arms in return for the ap­ Hamel, Emil Hansen, Carlos' Hud­ threat to the entire labor move­ sion, it is the island’s most lavish Trotskyists Arrested the bloody prewar dictatorship of Witnesses testified that Rallis pointment of Damaskinos as Reg­ son, K a rl Kuehn, Felix Morrow, ment. For so long as the Smith residential background... An army General Metaxas. But opposition helped Papandreou escape to ent. Damaskinos appointed Plas­ Edward Palmquist, Alfred Russel, ‘Gag’ Act remains a law, no one of gardeners and other workmen to the Voulgaris regime is quali­ Cairo to become Premier of the tiras as Premier-Dictator and Oscar Shoenfeld, and Carl is safe from prosecution for their have proved a drain on even the In Belgian Dock Strike fied by an appeal fo r an “ all par­ Greek government-in-exile. In under him repressions were car­ Skoglund. Twelve of these Trot­ opinions and union activity. This Woolworth millions.” Two Belgian Trotskyist long­ lockout was lifted and work began ty ” government, so that, given return Papandreou shipped arms ried out against tens of thou­ supplied by the British from skyists were released on January vicious anti-labor law must be * * * shoremen, Comrades Dielis and again. It is not known on what the opportunity, it is not improb­ sands of m ilitant workers. 24, 1945 and the other six were wiped out! We sincerely hope that basis the longshoremen com­ able that the Stalinists would en­ Egypt to Rallis who used them Following the appointment of Let Them Eat G ilt! Lowet; have been arrested in to equip these fascist organiza­ released October 20, 1944. you w ill continue to cooperate menced work or if they won their ter even this “ monarchical-fas­ Plastiras which came on the heels connection with the recent strike tions. Papandreou was the The letter stated: with and support the Civil Rights Scripps - Howard correspondent demands. cist” cabinet. of the Stalinist capitulation all Defense Committee in its further Henry J. Taylor in a recent dis­ of dock-workers in Antwerp, re­ Churchill-supported premier of civil servants who had sympath­ “ May we take this opportunity fight to repeal the Smith Act.” patch from Paris described the ports the March Socialist Ap­ The two arrested Trotskyists' QUISLING ROLE Greece during the civil war car­ ized with ELAS were discharged to tell you how much your sup­ activities of Gen. Charles deGaul- peal of England. Their arrest were charged with drafting the The fa ll of the Plastiras Gov­ ried on by British troops against and large and small companies port meant to us. Your help REPEAL THE SMITH ACT! le. “His first act on arrival in demands of the dockers as well ernment was precipitated by the ELAS. immediately took up the practice enabled us to fight our convictions followed a vicious campaign in The labor and progressive or Paris was to regild the statue of as their manifesto. The mani­ publication in the royalist press On March 10th we wrote in The of firin g anyone remotely sympa­ in every court. Then, when the ganizations representing almost the Belgian capitalist press festo, reports the Socialist Ap­ Joan d’Arc, but there are limits against “ agitators” which, states of a letter written by Premier M ilitant concerning the Rallis thetic with ELAS. U. S. Supreme Court three times 6,000,000 members which support­ to how far g ilt w ill go when peal, issued before the second .Nicholas Plastiras in 1941 to the tria l: “ These proceedings assume the paper of the English Trot­ More than. 100,000 persons were refused to review our case and ed the case of the 18 include the there is no coal, transport, meat strike began, “ explained to the Greek Minister at Vichy urging so farcical a character because arrested in Athens and Piraeus in we were imprisoned, your help CIO Textile Workers Union of or potatoes.” skyists, was "sim ilar to that workers the dangers of returning that Germany be asked to medi the Nazi quislings are being pros a clean-up of EAM supporters. made it possible fo r the Civil America. CIO United Retail, * * * which preceded the arrest of our to work on the basis of promises ate the Greek-Italian war. Plas ecuted fo r crimes of which the 35,000 of these are s till held in Rights Defense Committee to con­ Wholesale & Department Store comrades here last year.” only, without any agreement. tiras has admitted the authenti­ British quislings, Plastiras and concentration, camps in Greece duct its campaign fo r our release More Bull Than Bullish Employees, CIO United Transport The strike was called by the This warning was amply justified city of this letter. Papandreou, are equally guilty. and the Middle East. EAM pa­ and to awaken the labor and Service-Employees a n d t h e Stock market comment from Antwerp longshoremen as a pro­ by the cynical way in which the This documentary proof of the Both gangs of rasqals tried to pers are not circulating legally progressive movement bo the AFL International Ladies Gar­ the .New York Daily Mirror,. April test against their low wages. bosses failed to implement their quisling role played by Plastiras subjugate the workers of Greece now and the National Guard is dangers of the Smith ‘Gag’ Act. ment Workers Union. Among the 5: “ Financial district’s major After a promise that they would promises, and which led to the during the Axis invasion of under the heel of native capital­ searching homes in Athens and “The knowledge that through locals are 70 locals of the CIO disappointment of the day was receive a bonus, the workers re­ second strike.” Greece, now made public through ists serving a foreign imperialist Piraeus and arresting all those your help our families were taken United Automobile Workers, 25 failure of response to a bullish turned to work. When the bonus A protest movement is under the wrangling fo r power among master.” found with illegal EAM litera­ care of, eased our minds and United Steel Workers, 24 ILGWU, story from Bernard Baruch. He failed to materialize, however, a way for the release of the impris­ the ruling class factions, confirms Among those who have recent­ ture and throwing them in prison made it less difficult to do our 21 Textile Workers Union to­ anticipates 'from five to .seven new stoppage began. In reprisal oned longshoremen, according to the charges made by the Greek ly been arrested by the white ter­ without charges for a period up time. For all these things, and gether with many scores of other years of history-making business a 15 day lock-out was decreed, Le Voic de Lenine, weekly organ Seamen’s Union in Cardiff when ror dragnet of Premier Plastiras to two weeks. Those found with especially fo r your splendid spirit CIO, AFL independent labor activity starting with the end of but after a mass protest demon­ of the Revolutionary Communist Churchill imposed the Plastiras is Zaimiis, formerly the Republi­ EAM affiliation are jailed indefin­ o f working class solidarity, we bodies. the war.” stration at the Town Hall, the Party of Belgium. dictatorship by force upon the can leader on the island of Samos, itely. frw o THE MILITANT SATURDAY, APRIL 14, 19*5 TRADE UNION Branches Maintain 1200 Weekly Average NOTES In Campaign For New ‘M ilita n t’ Readers By Joseph Keller By Reha Aubrey, Campaign Director Auto W orkers Fear Move sons had been wounded in action in Germany. On March 13 they During seven weeks of the M ilitant Subscription Campaign, SCOREBOARD To Scuttle Convention had received the sad news that branches of the Socialist Workers Party have maintained an ‘TRAILBLAZERS’ REPORT another son was reported missing Last week this column warned average of. 1,200 new subscriptions every week. Even though Branches of the the auto workers to be on the alert after a bombing mission over Ger­ we are only half-way in the campaign, ten branches have fu l­ many. Socialist Workers Party Quotas Subs Percent against a move to scuttle the CIO filled their, quotas and 85 percent of the national quota for United Automobile Workers an­ Krulock’s fello.w-workers were Allentown 50 153 301 ON LATEST SUCCESSES 10,000 new subscribers has been completed. nual convention, scheduled for so incensed when the labor-hating Akron 85 222 261 The M ilita n t Trail-Blazers, Eloise Black and Rudy Rhodes, next September. That this warn­ dollar-pat riots fired him .that they PROM THE BRANCHES S an dD iego 50 91 182 ing was well-founded is confirm­ protested by an almost solid ¿Flint 50 89 178 have wound qp their three weeks campaign to introduce The ed by a report in the April 6 walkout. A hell of a lot the boss­ George Grant, New York Local: “ Here are our branch totals Milwaukee 100 136 136 M ilita n t to new readers in the Allentown and Bethlehem, Pa., Toledo Union Journal, official or­ es care about the “ boys in the as of March 30. Brooklyn 91 percent with 457 subs; West Side 67 Toledo 250 316 126 area with 317 new workers added to our subscription list. On foxholes’’ — about their working gan of northwest Ohio’s 58,000 percent with 505 subs; East Side 67 percent with 504 subs. The Buffalo 350 391 111 March 28 they wrote: “On a revisit to a housing project, two CIO members, mainly auto work­ fathers, mothers, brothers and Trotskyist Youth Group had 37 percent with 185 subs. women who have read their first copy of The M ilita n t told us sisters, either! Reading 75 78 104 ers. ' “ Last Sunday the comrades returned from the most successful that our paper has .circulated all over the project and is being In a special front-page story, * * * Youngstown 300 . 309 103 city-wide mobilization1 to date fo r a ‘Mid-Campaign Dinner.’ Eloise Detroit 1000 1020 102 discussed over the back fence. $------the Toledo Union Journal re­ Black, one of The M ilitant Trail-Blazers, gave a first-hand report “ Two young workers, who sub no exceptions we introduced The ports: “ Opposition to - Grand Annual Wage “ Study” Chicago 1000 834 83 of their experiences as a feature of the affair. We missed reaching scribed are so interested and fired Militant as a fighting socialist Rapids, Mich., as the 1945 UAW - When Roosevelt wanted to side- Minneapolis 300 248 82 our 2,500 quota by a hair’s breadth but we are sure to go over so many questions at us regard­ paper, and this led them to sub­ CIO convention city is on the in­ traok union pressure fo r increas­ ■Boston 200 163 81 scribe. ed wages, he suddenly announced by the next scoreboard. We are aiming at 5,000 subs.” ing our program -and purpose that crease. Announcement of Grand New York 2500 1994 79 we let them have the copy of “ Among tbe Bethlehem work­ that he was assigning the chore H. Newell, Allentown: “ We went to a; Rapids which was the scene of Philadelphia 150 107 71 James P. Cannon’s ‘Socialism On ers, a great many are dissatis­ of “ studying” the guaranteed an- the 1944 convention as again >hav- steel workers’ area right next to the St. Raul 100 70 70 T rial’ which we had brought fied with the SWOC leadership. ing been chosen for this year’s nual wage plan to a subcommittee mills, so close you could hear the forges Cleveland 200 136 68 along fo r another subscriber. They are beginning to sense that meeting was made here last week of the advisory board of the Of­ and see the flames. The paper was -well , They promised to circulate the the struggle in the economic field fice of War Mobilization and Re­ San Francisco 350 210 60 by George F. Addes, International received.” pamphlet, and judging from the has to be supplemented by poli­ conversion. Newark 350 203 58 UAW-CIO secretary-treasurer. way The M ilitant gets around, tical action on the part of labor. The head of this subcommittee D. Hilson, Akron: “ A subscriber told Los Angeles 2000 970 “ Some UAW officers see in the 48 we think this pamphlet, will be Their present leaders offer no is Eric Johnston, President of the us that when the mail man delivered her Addes move the preliminary to Bayonne 1.50 70 46 lead by dozens of steel workers. program other than compromise calling off the convention alto­ U. S. Chamber of Commerce, who paper this Tuesday, he asked her what Rochester 50 22 44 “ We left copies of Joseph and retreat. They are seeking gether. Application was made by last week signed a labor-capital it was, commenting that he had deliv­ Seattle 400 175 43 Hansen’s ‘American Workers both a program and a leadership. the UAW-CIO secretary-treasur­ “peace charter” with Philip Mur­ ered a similar paper to almost every­ Groups, Members-at- ■Need a Labor 'Party’ -with some We are sure they’ll find it in the er to the Office of Defense Trans­ ray and W illiam Green, heads of one down the' hill. I have just started: Large and Friends 140 114 ; 81 of the subscribers. These work­ Socialist Workers Party. portation fo r permission to hold the CIO and AFL. covering the same project that we cov­ Eloise Black and Rudy ers had read their papers “ We were able to note down the convention. It was fe lt by It is interesting, therefore, to ered last year and already I can feel thoughtfully and were eager for the occupation of about half of some union officials that the move note what this capitalist dove of Rhodes (Trail-Blazers) 375 the 317 subscribers and the fo l­ peace, Eric Johnston, thinks of a new warmth toward our paper.” us to remain for further discus­ would lead to a rejection by the sion. One young steel worker lowing are fair approximations.” the annual wage idea which - 10,200 ODT because of the government Maggie McGowan, Toledo: “ Nine of TOTAI 8496 85 Steel 110 Roosevelt has assigned his com­ had found the nafne of the Allen­ policy of discouraging conventions the enclosed subscriptions were sold Textile 25 mittee to “ study.” Last December town ‘Pace-Setter’ on the cam­ during wartime after our Charles Jackson meeting last Railroad 12 6, in a speech before the Wis­ paign page, and asked us if he “ One delegate from the 1944 night—and I might add, they were the Construction 5 consin Chamber of Commerce, could meet him. We had explain­ convention speaking of the choice Vultes (AFL) 7 Johnston declared: most enthusiastic subscribers! Two of ed to him that Rudy and I would of Grand Rapids for the 1945 con­ Mack (UAW)) 8 “ I hope we can avoid learning our new. readers assured us that they be leaving soon, and he wanted ference said, T don’t imagine Slaughterhouse 4 the hard way. I t is a mistake to were going to join the Militant Army.” to be sure that he could nlaintain George Addes would care too Munitions 3 force annual wages down the contact with someone who repre­ much if the ODT refused to grant Libby Jones, Buffalo: “One of our 3 throats of management by gov­ sents The Militant.. Several work­ U tilities the permission fo r the conven­ agents sold a sub to a dozen or more ers expressed a warm enthusiasm Teamsters 5 ernment order... By forcing busi­ tion. After all, it would mean A F L truck drivers. Many of them are for the idea of a discussion group ness into a straitjacket the job The two trail-Blazers are mov­ that he wouldn’t have to worry on the project where they could regularity attained might be more in Tobin’s union. One of them said, ‘Do ing on to Rochester, New York, about getting reelected and that hear more of our ideas and pro­ than offset by the loss of our the Dunne brothers write fo r this pa­ for the next stop in their cam­ in itself would make the refusal gram. freedom. I f everyone must pay per?’ Our agent said, ‘Yes,’ whereupon The articles by Grace Carlson, B ill Crane, Milwaukee: “ En­ paign. of the government to hold the with illustrations by Ruth Wilson, an annual wage many w ill hesi­ the truckdriver, without saying another closed is $2 for four six-month NEW SUBSCRIBERS meeting worth while’.” are finding an appreciative audi­ tate to engage in business. Then word, tossed over a quarter.” renewals of tria l subs. Our pro­ “Among our 26 new subscrib­ Great dissatisfaction prevailed ence among working class ■women. portion of renewals (four to one) last year at Grand Rapids, be­ the government would be tempt­ Rose Russo, Reading: “Note the im­ ers today are three more ra il­ ed to step in and become the em­ The following report by Doris is good. The comrade who got cause of the lack of housing and portance we .place on renewals. Our Hilson, our agent in Akron, is one roaders, several from Bethlehem ployer, as is the case in Russia the renewals reports that the pa­ Steel Corp. and some Mack plant Pioneer eating facilities fo r the delegates drive for renewals -from the last sub­ of many similar incidents report­ per is usually read by more than and visitors who usually number today.” workers. W ith the latter we firs t * * * scription campaign has now reached ed: “ One of our comrades had an one member of the household and many thousands. F irst choice of interesting experience on last drew their interest when we about 70 percent. The new readers praise that it is liked.” showed them how The Militant ■available hotel accommodations Severance Pay Sunday’s mobilization. He went The M ilitant very highly. Our Pace-Set­ K. Karl, Philadelphia: “Com­ had .covered tjie story of the went to the pals of Addes and One of,the important union de­ into one house in which there Notes ter, Elmer Oakie, has reached the 50 parative observations from my Briggs and Dodge Auto strikes 'other top UAW leaders. mands these days is fo r severance were two young children clamor­ mark and all these subs come from own experiences on the.past three of recent date, and then pointed * V V pay in anticipation of mass unem­ ing for attention, a woman get­ “ Attacks on the labor move­ Sundays convince me • that pre- to the small item in Trade Union ployment during the coming pe­ the railroad shop where he works.” ting herself ready to go to work ment.go hand in hand with armed ■Seamen Back Miners distribution has distinct value, es­ Notes entitled ‘■Hush-Hush in riod of extensive production cut­ I. Cope, Youngstown: “Well, this is assaults on Japanese-American and another woman attempting pecially as to qualitative results. Auto.’ The Sailors’ Union of the Paci­ backs. The War Labor Board it—-we’re passed our quota and are now to fake care of the children and citizens, some of whose homes fic, West Coast section of the Concretely, on last Sunday I fo l­ “ One of the railroaders, regent- have 'been shot up and burned by two weeks ago, in a decision in-, well on our way to doubling it. Actually '"kelp woman No. 1. They express lowed up in a small poor territory Seafarers’ International Union, ,ly retired, told us not to be undercover -terrorists.’’ This sen- volving American Type Founders, we’re over 200 percent but according to* ec* interest in the paper but «aid inhere The Militant nad been left AFL, has-called for 100 per cent Inc., Elizabeth, N. J., set the pat­ they had little free time in wfilch- fooled by the present coaservhC' fence was censored from a sched­ labor sùpport to the coal miners our self-elevated quota our actual per­ ■after midnight of the preceding ism of tbe Railroad Brotherhoods uled radio speech of Myra Tanner tern for what it considers “ reas­ to read. This comrade opened -.Friday. On my first call I was in their present struggle for bet­ centage is about 103. One of our com­ —that the men on the railroads Weiss, SWP candidate fo r mayor onable” severance pay. the paper to Grace Carlson’s ar­ invited inside and at once saw ter wages and conditions. rades sold ten subs to ten Negroes in had built their organizations in of Los Angeles. “ Here in Los The American Type plan, ap­ ticle and the illustration showing Marxist books on the table (O ri­ A lead editorial by Harry Lun- an hour and a half—everyone is having bitter bloody battles against the Angeles,” she said, “ we can ob­ proved by the WLB, calls fo r one the busy housewife and said, ‘I t ’s gin qf the Family, etc.). The man, deberg, SUP secretary-treasurer, week’s wages fo r employees who similar successes—averaging at least like this, isn’t it? ’ The women nation’s most powerful corpora­ serve all the symptoms of an inci­ now a foreman in aircraft, had tions. To date every railroader in the union’s official organ, West have worked fo r six months to every other house.” looked at the illustration and as­ pient fascism.” been active in the Cpmmunist except one (who seemed too ex­ Coast Sailor, March 16, declares: one year; two weeks after one Jerry K irk, D etroit: “ This past week sented. The comrade sold the What is the connection between “ If the leadership of the Am­ Party youth organization prior to hausted to give us an audience) terrorism -against Japanese-Am- year, three weeks after two we obtained some 215 subs. From every sub.” the formation pf the Young Com­ erican Labor movement had any* * . * * that we have seen, has subscrib­ ericans and assaults on the labor years, and four weeks after three indication our work in the Italian neigh­ guts, they should come out NOW, munist League. He recog­ ed to The M ilitant. movement ? .How are these “ the to five years. Under this plan, a borhoods w ill prove extremely p rofit­ Ruth Haddon, agent for San nized The M ilitant as a desirable 100% behind John L. Lewis and high percentage of the present Francisco, sent the following en “ Two widows subscribed today symptoms of an incipient fas­ able. This is the second week that we way ‘to know what the Left Wing the United Mine Workers in their war industry workers would re­ couraging comment with a six —one the mother of nine children, cism?” fight for their rights! It is the have been in this area and very few is doing.’ He volunteered $1 for the other the mother of seven. ■The real-nature of fascism, :-hpw ceive not more than two weeks month renewal to The M ilitant: a year’s sub even after I told him; duty of the American Labor Italian workers turned us down. There The former told us that she was fascist tendencies and symptoms wages as severance pay to meet “ This person was one of the local he could get it six months for a movement to stand behind the months of unemployment. is a real spirit among- the comrades. A members of the Machinist Union instructed to change her regis­ can be recognized, who are -the mine workers in their fight. They quarter.” tration to Republican before she * * * good number intend to obtain at least :black-listed by the Navy because * * * organizers pf fascism and what could get the $20 monthly coun­ have a JUST fig h t!” 100 subs. AH fraction quotas w ill be met and surpassed.” of his m ilitant union stand. The form the workers’ struggle ♦ ♦ ♦ ’Peacetime M ilitarism D. I. H., a subscriber in Welles ty relief! The latter told us that A1 Lynn, Los Angeles: “ Last Sunday we went into Council- branch here sent him a tria l sub against them must take — these ley, Mass, makes this appraisal she receives the munificent sum are questions which every work­ Father of Heroes— 'Fired! Condemning .plans for peace­ manic District 7 in accord with our tactic of critical support to last September. Now he renewed time military conscription as “a and purchased the pamphlet, “ I value The M ilitant for its of $10 a week ‘mothers’ assist­ er wants to understand and be As usual, the corporation kept Gharlotta Bass. We obtained 9,1 subs in this area and distributed severe threat to the free activity 'American Workers Need a Labor forthright utterance ,on racial dis­ ance’ to feed her seven children! able to answer. For, as Leon press hypocritically raved about of labor, because it can be used many leaflets announcing pur program and our reasons for support­ Party.’ ” crimination and for its concern Needless to say, both of these Trotsky wrote, “ The historic the “ boys in tbe foxholes” when to break strikes,” the March Joint ing her. Additional subs obtained during the day brought the total * * with the workers’ cause. I find it women were struck by -the article function of Fascism i-s to smash almost 5,000 Packard workers, Board News, organ of the Great­ up to 112.” We quote some of the experi­ a helpful counterbalance to the on the care given to ‘Mrs. Fala’ the working class, destroy its or­ members of UAW-CIO local 190 er New York Board of the CIO ences of our agents in their door- capitalist press.” compared to the treatment of ganizations, and stifle political in Detroit, went on strike on FROM OUR SUBSCRIBERS Textile Workers, declared: to-door canvassing fo r subscrip­ workers’ infants.” liberties.” March 28. The strike was called “ The smart boys who argue that Many of pur subscribers have joined us in our campaign to tions to The Militant. LOOKING FOR NEW This quotation is from the when the company arbitrarily a little exercise and m ilitary dis­ L. Porter, San Diego: “ Comrade PROGRAM pamphlet FASCISM — What It discharged a union shop steward, get The M ilitant into 10,000 more working class homes. We would cipline w ill make our young men Nadine and I acquired the 18 subs Lecture Series Is — How to 'Fight It, by Leon John Krulock, for allegedly “ fom­ like to mention a few. On March 29 and A p ril 2 the ■healthy sound amazingly -like H it­ in 214 hours. I t was our first ex­ Trotsky. The pamphlet includes enting” a brief stoppage on A. B. of Kenmore, N. Y. sent us tria l subscriptions fo r ten of Trail-Blazers reported: ‘‘We ler did, ten years ago. In case our perience in this working class excerpts from Trotsky’s writings March- 12. his fellow-workers, stating, “ Thank you. I hope this paper shows On World War II worked in an area where a class political friends don’t know it, section. One remark as we opened on the subject, analyzing the na­ Just two days before he was consciousness, developed by the America’s youth could become these men the light.” up the pages of our M ilitant sam­ NEW YORK, April 11 — The ture and development of fascism fifed, Krulock and his wife had activities of the old Unemployed strong and healthy if they were A. Maesso of Detroit sent in subs for six of his friends with ple was, ‘Oh yes, I ’d like to have two remaining lectures in the in Ita ly and Germany, and the been informed that one of their League, remains high among the paid decent wages for ,decent this note, “ I wish you lots of good luck.” that paper. While you were op­ April series on “ Causes and Con­ perspective ahead in the U. S. It sequences of World I I ” are sched working men and their wives. The hours, lived in homes instead of Mr. and Mrs. W. W. of Toledo.also sent us subs fo r six of their ening it I saw several columns I ’d present capitalist ‘prosperity’ has is an excellent introduction for uled for Wednesday, A p ril 18 and slums, and given access to recrea­ friends. like to read’: made little impression on these every worker. jti Detroit, Mich. Wednesday, A pril 25. These lec­ tional centers... Peace-time con­ Fred Nomen, East Side Branch, people, but the horrors of capi­ * * * You can get Our agent in Detroit reports that “One of the leading militants tures w ill discuss “ Capitalist Rule scription is the slick way of get­ jN. Y. Local: “ One young worker talist depression have certainly FASCISM—What It is — How in a plant turned over five subs to a comrade filled in with chief in Germany and the U. S. A.” THE MILITANT ting out of the problem of provid­ who reads the New York Daily left their mark. Among the 17 To Fight I t by Leon Trotsky 15c. stewards’ names. He then asked the comrade if it was permissible and “ Socialism — The Coming ing 60 million jobs, because we News, after looking through The subs we sold here this evening, Order from Pipneer Publishers, at the to sell subs to rank and file members. When he received a most World System.” They w ill be can „stick our surplus labor into M ilitant, said, ‘I am tired of the several were taken by Negro H6 University PL, New York 3, FAMILY THEATRE held at the New York School of army camps and forget about emphatic ‘yes’ for an answer, he took 12 more cards.” News. I ’d like a change. I don’t workers in Bethlehem Steel. W ith N. Y. NEWSSTAND them- But it. is the dangerous You can help us in this campaign too. Pass on your copy of get anything,out of it. I want a Social Science, 116 University ■ opposite the theatre way, the fascist way...” The M ilitant to a friend and ask him to subscribe. paper like this^” Place, at 8 p.m. Intei-esting and lively discus­ sions followed the first two lect- tures of the series, which were both well attended. Comrade NEWARK MILITANT PACE-SETTERS Mark Braden, labor secretary of Here are the twenty who have sold the highest number of the Newark branch of the Social­ Progressive Workers’ School subscriptions in this campaign: ist Workers Party, made a fine presentation of his subject. He - Announces A -Series of Lectures On Mike Warren West Side, New York 308 analyzed the points of view of Jerry Kirk Detroit 223 the capitalists, the “ liberal” apo­ "THE HISTORY OF AMERICAH LABOR" logists fo r capitalism, and the Paul Kujac Chicago 160 Marxists — the Socialist Work­ Speaker: JOHN HUDSON Fred Kaminsky Buffalo 128 ers -Party. The lectures are open Marion Winters Brooklyn, New York 121 to all readers of M ilitant. Friday Evenings at 8:45 p. m. E. D. Detroit 120 April 13—“Early Movements pf Labor” E. Logan Detroit 108 ■ A A A A A A i H. Mason Detroit 108 Buy THE M ILIT A N T and April 20—“The Agrarian Revolt” B. Haynes Chicago 82 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL A p ril 27—“The Rise of the A F L ” Sam Richter Chicago " 80 in May .4—“ The Socialist P arty” Dennis O’Kenney Akron 79 May 11—“The Communist Party” Robert Kendall Toledo 73 NEWARK May 18—“The Establishment of the CIO” Kay O’Brien Detroit 69 at the M. Kennedy Detroit 69 Progressive W orkers Admission Free Ruth Grayson Trotskyist Youth Group, New York 67 S c h o o l Doris Hilson Akron 66 423 Springfield Avenue Dorothy Lessing Newark 66 Open Daily: PROGRESSIVE WORKERS’ SCHOOL Justine Lang East Side, New York 64 10:30 A. M. - 6:30 P. M. 423 Springfield A,venue Jack Wilson Youngstown 64 7:30 - 10:30 P. M. A rt Woods Detroit 60 ▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼TTVTVTTVi THREE SATURDAY, APRIL 14, 1945 (THE M I D ! Ti Ä N ffl

My Life In A Mining Town - A First-Hand Account Of The Struggles Of Those Who Toil In The Pits ------Cf) The following story tells the experiences of a former miner Miners Casting Strike Vote I t was Monday morning. The older fellows already had their who belongs to the Socialist Workers Farty. Our comrade shows work clothes on. They were sitting on the benches smoking. Shorty MARC DAUBER what the situation in the mining towns really is and why the hardly got his) locker opened when he said, “ Any of you guys read Born October 24, 1922 - Killed in Action miners’ fight against the operators for a living wage and im­ that blank blank Drew Pearson’s column yesterday ? ” proved working conditions should be supported by the entire “ No. What’d he say?” a couple of fellows asked. labor movement. “Don’t talk to me about it,” Breezy said. “My wife read it ______November 18, 1944 ______-*• * * to me in bed on Sunday morning and wanted to know where I By Felix Morrow They’re always talking about the big money the miners spend all my pay check. Next thing I know she’ll be coming down make. Well, they don’t make big money. The average miner is to the gate to meet me on pay day.” Readers of Fourth International in 1941 and 1942 knew damned lucky to make 45 dollars a week—even nowadays. This made the other fellows more serious. “ What’s the matter ? him under the pen name of James Cadman, our outstanding What they make they work like hell to get. Union conditions? What did Pearson say, anyhow?” they pressed Shorty. writer on m ilitary questions. In 1941 he was 19 years old! Yet Yes, they’ve got union conditions. And many a miner and “ Why he said the steel workers are making an average of a this boy wrote on modern warfare with a mature, analytical miner’s wife and kids got killed getting those conditions. We dollar seventeen an hour.” mind, the mind of a trained Marxist. He had joined the Social­ had to fight the owners as far®------“ But that ain’t all,” Shorty went on belligerently, “he says we ist Workers Party at 17 and thereafter lived for the movement back as I can reme’mber. And it ed .shop so we would have some went up to that from an average of 76 cents an hour in 1939— with that intense, single-minded concentration which is the power real strength. And that’s what was a hard fight. all because Murray was polite to the War Labor Board.” of selfless, idealistic youth. the company opposed the most of I don’t remember the big strike “ W hat?” 'Slim turned around from his locker. -His father, -who was a front-Sa­ in 1919 very clearly. I was just all. line soldier throughout the last ' They wouldn’t negotiate a “ Sure. Here’s the article,” Shorty persisted. “ I ’ve got it right a little shaver then. But in ’21 here if I can just find it. Here it is!” He read it out loud. war in the German army, writes thei’e was another in our district. thing. They fought us bitterly. to us: The kids didn’t mind it very I remember the coal and iron po­ “ Average hourly rate fo r steel workers in September 1939, “ When I brought my boy at much, though. The old folks lice. They shot up strikers — while Lewis was s till CIO president, was 76 cents. The average four years of age to this country, managed to get food somehow. It cracked their skulls whenever wage in the mines was higher—89 cents. I thought I brought him to a was summertime and the strike they got a chance. They went “ Through the war period, Lewis has ranted and raved against ‘Shangri-la’ remote from all the didn’t last very long. So we didn’t into a striker’s house in a town the War Labor Board . . . and was the first important labor leader near Pittsburgh. Beat up the hates and rivalries and war of notice it so very much, except to repudiate the no-strike pledge. Phil Murray meanwhile, has father. Raped the -mother and Europe. . . that we began to learn which side fought his battles through the WLB rather than by strikes. ‘"Marc was our only child and daughter. of the fence we lived on. “ By last November nowever, Phil Murray had quietly boosted ihad no brothers except those They brought in scabs to load The first strike I was in myself the average hourly earnings in. steel until they were above the whose bloody lot he chose to was the .strike of ’25—’26. I was out a column bank into gondolas share. . , fifteen then and had been working to ship for steam coal. We used miners. Bituminous miners got $1.16, anthracite $1.15 and steel '“ He was a quiet and. lonely boy fo r two years. We had been to stone the bastards — police, Showing that they mean business in demanding concessions workers SI. 17.” scabs and all. at Brooklyn College and wfhen he trying to negotiate for a closed equivalent toi increases of $2 a day, the soft coal miners on March “ What do you think of that?” said Pop Philiber. “ So we’re became befriended with you he shop and some halfway decent It wasn’t so bad at the begin­ 28 voted 8 to 1 for strike action. In the photo above, miners are getting a dollar seventeen an hour. And we got that over 76 cents ning, in the fall. People still got fe lt he found comradeship in his ■wage rates. casting their ballots at the Pittsburgh Coal Company Mine at an hour in 1939. Forty one cents an hour increase from the War life, as he found it out there on Most miners are on contract. food from kitchen gardens and the like. But by midwinter that Library, Pa. On April 26 Votes will be cast by 72,000 anthracite Labor Board. That’s pretty good.” the front.. He always spoke about That’s the same as piece-work up miners, with even the bosses conceding in advance that their vote “Now wait a minute. Don’t joke about it,” Shorty protested. his friends while at home, just as here in the factories. So much began to run out, and folks that 'will .’be; “ Strike—if we don’t get our demands.” “ Are any of you guys getting $1.17 an hour?” he remembered you as his friends per car of coal. It was a dollar didn’t have gardens were awful Nobody was. out there to his bitter end. I want thirty-five for a 3 ton car of ma­ hungry. But that wasn’t the you to know he was happy among chine-cut coal or two dollars for worst. The cold was the worst. passed around to the miners. But “I know a fellow down in the open hearth that’does,” Tony COMRADE MARC DAUBER back again with state troopers. you and whoever in his life gave 3 tons “ shot out of the solid.” In People didn’t have any coal to they didn’t come too often. said after a minute. “But that’s the tonnage rate he’s making it burn. And he ordered the people away him moments'of happiness may a way, it’s worse than piece-work. again. The troopers had their There was one independent on—not his regular pay.” We were living rig ht on top of count on me. . .” his classroom—him and legions A t least on piece-work you’re guns out. But everybody just store in town. The owner was “ Forty one cents an hour increase from the War Labor Board ten million tons of it. But none A fter 18 months in the Camou­ like him, and steeled and temper­ sure of getting something. A stood there. a little Jewish fellow that gave since 1939,” said old George, slightly dazed. “ But the War Labor ed them in battle. The tragedy of miner is never sure. He might h it of it was ours. We couldn't see the whole town credit. The com­ flage Engineers, Marc was trans­ our families freeze to death. So The coal was frozen and we Board didn’t start, till 1942, did it? ” ferred to the 16th Infantry Marc’s death is that i t was not bad conditions such as “ stuck pany tried to run him out. But about a hundred men got togeth­ were using dynamite. One guy “ That’s rig ht,” Slim commented. Regiment of the First Division on given to him to come back to shot” (a dynamite stick fails to they couldn’t. Finally, ten years er and decided to go and pick had a stick in his hand. He clamp­ “ Well, I only remember one raise they gave us. June 1942 it the eve of D-Day. Wounded on fight in the class battles in which go off and you have to leave the ed the cap on the fuse, stuck it later, they got even by claiming coal out of the slate bank near that a foot of his store was on was. Four and a half cents an hour. I can’t remember any other the Normandy beach, he recover­ he would have been so eager a area alone for a while), black in the stick — split the fuse the mine. The operators never their land. And he had to go to raise the WLB ordered. Can you fellows ?” ed. But soon he was back at the volunteer and not a conscript. It damp, bad roof, water seepage, open, ready to light in a hurry. had thought it was profitable to the expense of moving the whole Nobody could. front. is impossible fo r me to w rite the etc. “ Now if you guys are gonna easy phrase that others w ill take work. It whs the waste the kids building. “ Of course,” Slim pointed out, “ we did get a ten cent raise in COMPANY TERROR had sorted out in the breaker. But shoot,” he said, “ some of you are MARC’S OUTLOOK Marc’s place. They w ill not, we The town as a whole never A pril 1941. But that was after the biggest series of steel strikes A miner could work fo r a there was coal in it. going with us.” In his very last letter, written shall go forward with his place wavered one bit. The feeling was since 1919. Phil Murray might have been ‘o.uiet’ then. But us whole week and still get less than About fifty or more women and three days before his death to a in the ranks empty. He is gone That settled that. But it was always against the company. ten dollars if he has hard luck. boys came along too. Of course fellows weren’t so quiet. Breezy over there was one of the boys that non-party girl friend, Marc ex­ forever, this amazing boy who, harder to get the coal afterwards. They knew if they didn’t bring He takes the financial risk as when the super got wind of it he got dragged- o ff the picket line and landed in the hoosegow.” plains his revolutionary outlook: at an age when- most youngsters There was no relief or welfare the company to time the union well as the physical. We wanted a came down and tried to chase “But what I want to know,’' complained Shorty, “ is where the “ I did what the ‘Old Man’ (Trot­ are having trouble writing a of any kind. The only thing we would be busted, and they’d all be basic guarantee for a day’s wages. everybody away. Gave us all a hell that so-and-so gets that $1.17 an hour stuff.” sky) would have expected from high-school theme, was w riting had was the little money in our worse than slaves. We were asking for more timber bawling out. But nobody listened local treasury, the money we got “ Well look at all the sixteens they’re working down at the me. What he expected of his and- thinking like a mature Some got too desperate, though, money and higher rock yardage. very much. from the international, and the other end,” Tony put in. “That’s a lot of time-and-a-half. A young students and followers: total and Marxist. and they scabbed it. „ The union But most of all we wanted a clos- Then he went away and came sacks of flour the international uncompromising, but not un­ I t is astonishing to go back and was going to suspend them for cousin of mine worked five sixteens in one week. . , Took tlhe next week o ff sick,” he added. questioning, acceptance of his read his fo ur Fourth International ninety-nine years. But we fe lt creed- and an unflinching determi­ articles analyzing the dynamics of sorry fo r their families, and fined “Yeah,” Breezy threw his old overalls into the trash can. “All nation to see it realized regard­ them anywhere from five hundred the time-and-a-half brings the average up, don’t forget.” the war, : and to see how few less of personal well-being. Trot­ to a thousand dollars, which they “ We didn’t get time-and-a-half by Phil Murray keeping ‘quiet’ sky died fo r it, millions (have, in mistakes he made. The fifth and How To Get Needed Rest paid over a period of years. But either,” Slim said. “ An awful lot of working men got measured the past and today, in Russia, in last full-length article that he they’ll never live it down, even early for coffins because they fought for the eight hour day. They Spain; in concentration camps wrote—how few he had time to in death. and prisons everywhere, m il­ were getting knocked o ff by big business long before Phil Murray do!—was on “ Geopolitics: An Even now, thousands of miles discovered how kind-hearted the War Labor Board was.” lions more suffer because these Puzzles Ulcer Patients away, old miners meet and get to Imperialist Myth,” and there he ideas haven’t materialized in­ talking about old times and so- “ I tell you what I think,” Shorty concluded, finally calming ternationally. When I took up his showed it wasn’t simply a By Grace Carlson and-so’s name comes up. 'A nd down enough to put away the clipping and get his work clothes on. banner, I took upon myself re­ freakish maturity in military they say, “ Why that — of a — “ This Drew Pearson is just trying to show where the no-strike sponsibilities, commitments which “ Do you suffer from heart­ science on his part, but that he scabbed it ” or “ Why that scabby pledge is a wonderful thing for labor. And he doesn’t care how he countenance no retreats or hesi­ burn after eating? Do you have had the capacities of a rounded ------is dead, didn’t you proves it.” tations. a sour stomach? Are you em­ Marxist thinker. know?” At that moment Scissorbill Sam (the bosses’ man) came in “ The successful completion of barrassed by gas on the sto­ How did that strike end ? Why at the last minute, with Sunday’s editorial section under his arm. our task w ill require the unbend­ HIS UNFINISHED WORK mach? Do you suffer distress we got our main demands. Cool- “ Did any of you guys read Drew Pearson’s column yesterday? ing efforts of hardened cadres He was almost as much at home idge “interceded” for us, as he who can confront and undergo after meals — distress before Some of the radical screwballs around here might learn something in German as in English. I t was meals? Then the answer for called it. He pulled some slippery if they did.” the most extreme physical and ones. But we got our closed shop. he who, carefully following the you is— " “ Wlhy Sam,” replied Slim, “ I thought Westbrook Pegler was social exigencies. . . We knew he didn’t give it to us. German officers’ organ, Wehr- No, the answer is not what you your favorite columnist!” “ Does this seem to you to be a macht, discovered in it — this We knew it was because we’d held very harsh, monastic creed akin might think from reading the “ He is,” said the bosses’ man, “ But Pearson’s good sometimes must have been in 1941—an item fake patent-medicine ads in- the on so desperately during the long to asceticism? N ot at a ll; it too.” ------1 complaining that Italian prison­ newspapers or listening to the winter months. allows for richer, more vibrant ers-of-war were singing “Bandie- The companies and the govern­ and poignant emotional ex­ “cure-all” pill programs on- the ra Rossa,” one of the very first radio “to slip an Alkaid Tablet ment are s till fighting the miners. pression, is more pregnant with important bits of evidence of what And they’re using slicker tricks thinking and feeling than any on your tongue.” The best scien­ was to come in Italy. Marc’s tific solution to problems involv­ than ever. The miners have other course of life which anyone discovery, first published in The learned a few things, though. can counterpose.” ing stomach and intestinal disord­ M ilitant, was reprinted by re­ ers, as given by a Mayo Clinic And mainly that the workers are PREPARED FOR STRUGGLE volutionary and labor papers specialist, is to inherit wealth. on one side and the bosses are on throughout the world. the other. And in another letter to her Speaking before a meeting of he writes: 'Such are the few pieces of work the International Medical As­ “ You’ve just turned 20-, haven’t Which this boy-comrade had a sembly in Minneapolis some time you ? I was just 22 the other day, chance to do, indubitable evidence ago, Dr. Walter Alvarez said that Foremen in Akron of the bigger things he would if the average man with stomach not much of a difference, just two “ He’s following the doctor’s prescription — years. In my own life, though, have done had he been spared. ulcers were left an income of these last two years have marked In the American Army, and in S250 per month for the rest of One Hour of Complete Relaxation After Each Meal.” Rubber Plant Go almost a qualitative growth in my all the other armies, there are his life, he would soon be cured himself good health and a long entire outlook—how could I help many other Marcs, of different and would never have ulcers to use it. Where can he get life. })Ut grow? It took a war to tear talents, but richly endowed. They again. enough “ milk, cream, eggs and On First Strike me from -the classroom; maybe are sharing the tragedy of their W orry and fear are the leading But what happens to the poor lean meat?” In the tragically- AKRON, A pril 16 — Several it ’s better thus—the events of the generation with millions of others causes of “ stomach trouble” Dr. man who has an ulcer—as so small food budget of so many hundred foremen went out on many thousands of them have? millions of American workers, future, the rumblings and tremors who are not yet our comrades but Alvarez declared. Between 60 and strike today in reply to the B.F. to whom they are linked with 75 per cent of a group of cases Usually, he does not see a doctor there is very Little allowance for of which can be fe lt in every Goodrich company’s refusal to chancellery, w ill not be decided unbreakable bonds and who w ill examined showed no physical until his case is fa irly serious. expensive foods. Usually what­ in the schoolroom but in the help them learn the way out of causes of the disorders. Prac­ When he first feels soreness and ever there is of this rich, bargain over a long list of griev­ streets and on the barricades. I this world of icy mud and deadly tically all of these cases were discomfort in his ¿stomach, he nourishing food goes to the small ances. This is the first major think I ’m amply prepared fo r fire. brought on by fear, frustration, tries to “doctor” himself, either children in the family. What struggle of the Foreman’s Asso­ worry, anger, nervous and mental by taking some patent-medicine, worker will see his child suffer that now in every sense.” I t was not given to Marc ciation of America in the rubber exhaustion. These, in turn, were or by eliminating certain foods from hunger i f he can prevent Yes, Marc understood this Dauber to use his ample prepara­ industry. thing: that only those who share tion. But he knew that only with due to the tremendous speed-up from his diet. I f the pain in his it—even a t the risk of his own The walkout, which was preci­ the tragedy of their generation that preparation could the great of modern industry and to the stomach persists and begins to health ? pitated by the firing of a Fore­ w ill be morally qualified and task be done. That preparation terrifying problems with which sap his energy, he may, at last, And with the lengthened hours man with 27 years service, was accepted as leaders in the coming is deep in the bones and minds the war confronts the American decide that it is necessary to of work and the wartime speed-up the culmination of a long battle battles for a socialist world. of the other Marcs who survive people, he added. spend some of the family funds in the factory,, how can the by the Foremen’s Association to The war tore our Marc from to do what Marc, wanted to do. Big businessmen may have fo r medical care. worker avoid overwork ? With the ulcers, too. The strain of making short lunch hour, how can he achieve recognition in Goodrich. profits and o f keeping these HOW TO REST? keep from eating when he feels The walkout was almost complete profits away from their under­ His doctor w ill give him a diet "hurried?” Where will he find a with very few departments work­ paid workers may cause some in­ list, in which milk, cream, eggs plant in which he can lie down ing shortly after the beginning NEW YORK dustrialists to break down. But if and lean meats predominate. The for “half an hour to an hour of the first shift this morning. they do break down, how soothing doctor will urge the ulcer victim after each meal?” Workers reported for work, but CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF WORLD WAR II and comforting and healing their to avoid overwork. He w ill advise Doctors are in agreement that with no supervision present, most him not to eat when he is worried, Speaker: wealth can be! The poet, who the typical stomach ulcer patient of them merely waited to be sent wrote that "wealth and poverty tired, nervous, hurried or angry. is an intense, conscientious, hard­ home. By noon practically the MARK BRADEN, Labor Secretary Newark Branch, SWP are merely mental pictures,” Above all, the doctor w ill try to working individual, whose attacks whole plant, including the entire Classes Begin at 8 p. m. never stopped to think what a impress his patient with the im­ have been brought on by excesses tire division, was closed down. Lo­ beautiful picture wealth can paint portance of getting enough rest, of worry and work. Such a cal 5 URWA followed a cautious for the sick man . . . plenty of particularly after meals. On this “worrier” will find plenty more policy of taking no responsibility WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18th: WEDNESDAY, APRIL 25th: point, Dr. Logan Clendening says for the foremen’s strike, but not Capitalist Rule in Germany Socialism—The Coming rich, nourishing food, freedom to worry about in trying to find from the nerve-wracking cares of decisively, “ they (ulcer patients) a way to follow his doctor’s interfering with it in any way. and the U. S. A. World System should rest on a bed or lounge— Concentration of Wealth and How Socialism W ill Be B uilt the job, good medical and hos­ orders! The Foreman’s Association has that is, in the recumbent position What the many thousands of been organizing in the rubber in­ Control of Government in America pital care, extensive opportunities fo r rest and relaxation. —for half an hour to an hour ulcer patients in the working- dustry fo r many months and it is NEW YORK SCHOOL of SOCIAL SCIENCE This is what Dr. Alvarez meant after each meal.” class need is—freedom from want believed that a sizeable m ajority when he said that the possession Then the worker takes this and freedom from fear. But they of the foremen at Goodrich are 116 University Place (Comer 13th St., bet. 5th and Broadway) of wealth was the best way for sound medical advice home with will not find them in capitalist members of the independent the ulcer sufferer to guarantee him and tries to figure out how prescriptions! union. FOUR THE MILITANT SATURDAY, APRIL' 14, 1945

Los Angeles SWP Fights Radio CensorshipWhat Is Holding Back LOS ANGELES, April 5.—The Socialist Workers Party^ here, with the aid of the local American Civil Liberties Union, The German Revolution ? is planning to seek legal redress for the arbitrary censorship of a radio address by Myra Tanner Weiss, Trotskyist mayoralty URGE LABOR INQUIRY By M. Morrison candidate, over station KFAC last Sunday night. The Federal Communications Code prohibits radio stations from censoring What is the explanation for the failure, up to the present, speeches of political candidates except for libel. of the German workers to rise and overthrow the Nazi power? ON STALINIST SLANDERS The demoralization of the Nazi army, as a result of the military Every reference in the speech^ regarding the SWP’s position of LOS ANGELES, March 28.— In a widely-distributed four- defeats, has reached a point where one would expect the suffer­ critical support for Charlotta Nurses Arrested for page leaflet, the Socialist Workers Party here this week publicly ing masses to rise and destroy every vestige o f H itle r’s power. Bass, independent Negro candi­ Acts of Kindliness challenged six local CIO officials to furnish factual proof be­ When a dictatorship suffers such military reverses as the Nazis date' fo r city council from the Five young British nurses are fore an impartial labor commission of slanders they circulated have suffered, when the masses have been subjected to such 7th D istrict, was deleted. Her under arrest, charged’ with kind­ against the Trotskyists. ! grueling punishment as has been the lot of the German people, name could not even be mention­ liness to German prisoners, a revolt and the wiping out of®- ed. This is the second instance of The six union officials permit-^ such censorship of Mrs. Weiss's while Allied generals and the ted the circulation of a letter, ponsible tools ■ of the Stalinist the slave drivers is to be ex­ the failure of the masses to scheduled four radio talks dur- AMG give every consideration bearing their typewritten signa­ frame-up machine.” pected. revolt. A half - million armed ing her election campaign. Pre­ to high - ranking Nazis and tures, which endorsed the Stalin­ The SWP statement explains There have undoubtedly been thugs can not be ignored but they viously, as reported in The M ili­ Fascists. ist pamphlet, “ The Trotskyite 5th that this Stalinist-inspired attack anti-government and pro - peace could not stand up against tens tant, March 31, station KHJ mu­ According to the March issue Column in the Labor Movement,” is part of a campaign to curb the demonstrations .in various parts of millions of determined and tilated the text of a talk sched­ of Socialist Appeal, organ of as the “ best expose of the Trot­ struggles of militant labor of Germany. Even if we discount m ilitant workers, especially those uled fo r March 26, which Mrs. the British Trotskyists, the skyists in the labor movement against “ the WLB runaround, the some of the reports about demon­ workers who are in the armed Weiss was compelled to deliver nurses “ were to be charged ever called to our attention; no-strike pledge in the face of the strations that emanate from Mos­ forces. in censored form over another under the Prisoners of War and Among other scurrilous lies, the no-let-up attack of big business, cow, Stockholm and Berne, it is German fascism has been in station, KNX. Internees Access and Communi­ pamphlet calls the Trotskyist the rising cost of living and tax- highly improbable that all of the power for twelve years. During cations Order,” for the “ alleged fighters against fascism “ agents Widespread advance publicity slashed paychecks; in a word — reports are baseless rumors. But those years it has by hounding, crime” of “giving cigarettes, The forces of organized labor in Canada almost doubled in had been given to Mrs. Weiss’s of Hitler.” (See the March 17 the whole ‘equality of sacrifice’ whatever demonstrations have torture and murder eliminated the scarves and socks to German the firs t four years of the war, as the above chart shows. Whereas last talk. It had been announced issue of The Militant for our re­ fraud. occurred have been suppressed flower of the working-class mili­ prisoners of _ war undergoing that she was going to discuss her in 1939 there were only 359,000 organized workers, by 1943 there ply to this poison-pen product.) “ There is good reason why and many participants executed. tants. There are undoubtedly treatment at the hospital—a support of Mrs. Bass’s candidacy. were 665,000 members of Canadian trade unions. Their letter was part of a re­ they single out the Socialist They have not been on a large many revolutionary workers still simple, humanitarian act.” Mrs. Weiss was compelled, in or­ actionary campaign in the unions, Workers Party for attack. This enough scale to topple over the le ft but so many have been killed, “ A t the top,” says the Social­ der not to disappoint completely led principally by the Stalinists, is the party to which the militant regime. incapacitated and exiled that the ist Appeal, “ the ruling class are her radio audience, to deliver the in opposition to the election cam­ workers are turning. This is the In 1918 the defeats suffered by German masses have been le ft able to fraternize with leaders sections of . her speech dealing Union-Busting Drive paign of Myra Tanner Weiss, So party of revolutionary socialism the German army were not nearly leaderless to an extent where a of the ‘enemy nations,’ as has with the American workers’ need cialist Workers Party candidate — the vanguard of the world la­ so serious. German soil was not successful uprising becomes ex­ of a labor party, but omitting been reported on many occasions for mayor. I t bore the signatures bor movement.” invaded. And yet the German tremely difficult if not impossible. in the capitalist press. Nazi the censored portions on inde­ Continues At Briggs of James L. Daugherty, U tility The SWP leaflet recites a masses rose and destroyed the officers are shown every con­ SITUATION IN 1918 pendent Negro political action Workers Organizing' Committee; number of cases of Stalinist power of the Kaiser. What sideration, and the ‘Daily Ex­ and support of Mrs. Bass. By Jeanette Lane ■Carl Brant, United Electrical frameup and slander against prevents the masses from repeat­ In the First World War many press’ now publishes the ‘inside Before making her talk, the DETR O IT, March 30— Since the 10-d'ay strike several weeks Workers; Oliver Boutte, National “ Los Angeles CIO union locals ing the revolt of 1918? revolutionists were jailed but Trotskyist candidate delivered a dope’ given by the notorious Maritime Union; Wyndham Mor­ there was nothing remotely com­ ago in its seven plants here, the Briggs Manufacturing Com­ and officials who are at present * * * letter to the station manager in fascist Count Grandi, for which timer, Mine, M ill and Smelter challenging the Stalinist domina­ parable to the suppression prac­ we have no doubt he was well pany has been concentrating all its forces on breaking the union. MEANS OF REPRESSION which she protested the deletions Workers; W illiam S. Lawrence, tion of the CIO in California:” tised by Hitler. There were count­ paid. But the poor little nurse Local 212, CIO United Auto-® as “arbitrary, illegal, damaging Longshoremen’s and Warehouse This even went to the extreme One of the factors explaining less militants who kept silent dur­ cannot give a packet of fags to men’s Union; and C. R. Brown, to my campaign as candidate for mobile Workers. classification and draft into the of labelling as “Trotskyists and the failure of the German masses ing the war but lifted their heads plain ‘F ritz Schmidt’ without be­ Mayor of Los Angeles, and a vio­ Because of the failure of the army. At the Mack Avenue Plant, Marine and Shipbuilding Workers a bunch of spies” the members to overthrow the Nazi power up as soon as the Kaiser’s war ma­ ing hauled up in court as a lation of the rights of free speech. international union to put up a three out of the five committee­ of the United Automobile Work­ to now (April 6) is the very chine began to crack. Left-wing criminal.” DEMAND PROOF I reserve all my legal rights in real fight in defense of Briggs men are now subject to the draft. ers Council who refused to vote powerful repressive instruments Socialists following the revolu­ The Trotskyist answer to this this matter.” local, the company has intensified support to the Yalta Conference which H itler has at his disposal. tionary Spartacus group and the the provocations and violations of UNION-BUSTING DRIVE latest Stalinist attack under a Part of the censored portions not answer the urgent needs of decisions “ before knowing what The Kaiser had his police but he centrist Independent Socialist of the address stated: “ The Ne­ the Negro people, the Trotskyist contract which led to the strike The company has submitted a trade union cover is titled “ Union these decisions were.” did not have a group of hundreds Party were in the factories and in nine-page document of “ chargés” Democracy or Stalinist Frame- groes in Los Angeles, doubly op­ candidate’s speech explained that after 15 militants were fired. Six Pointing to the support of mil­ of thousands of young fanatics the army and were agitating the against Local 212 which was read pressed, are leading the way to­ nevertheless “ we regard the chief shop stewards and a com­ Ups — which Shall Prevail?” lions in the labor movement for well organized, superbly armed masses to come out on the streets. to a meeting of all Local 212 ward independent political action. struggle to elect Charlotta Bass mitteeman are still out. “The ‘six’ now face a ticklish the 18 Trotskyists imprisoned in and excellently ti-ained. The S.S. The leadership furnished these plant committemen. Melvin problem; how are they going to Negro organizations in District as of greater importance than her In all the plants, workers, the Minneapolis Labor Case, the corps of m ilitant Nazis has been revolutionary workers was not 7 held a conference to select a individual record or program. It stewards and committeemen arc Bishop, UAW regional board prove the vile slanders and SWP statement asks: !■ “ I f the trained for the very purpose of conscious enough and strong Negro candidate fo r the City is the firs t step toward independ­ being threatened, intimidated, member, and Clark Hutchison, In­ charges they have made against Trotskyists are spies why have quelling any revolt- It is a mobile enough to give the masses victory Council who they felt would de­ ent political action for the Ne­ spied on, timed and constantly ternational Representative, while devoted members apd leaders of 4V£ million workers rallied to unit ready to be thrown against against the opposition of the adm itting the company was re ­ fend the interests of the Negro groes. We march with that move­ reported. Jobs are being arbi­ the CIO?” declared the SWP their support through 600 unions, any sector of the internal front. Social - Democrats but i t was statement. population. They selected Char­ ment, confident that experience tra rily reclassified, shifted from sponsible fo r provocation®, never­ liberal and Negro organiza­ It is1 absolutely ruthless and strong enough to overthrow the lotta Bass, editor of the Califor­ w ill lead it to a program which one department to another and theless contended that the locals’ “ George Morris’s pamphlet tions?” trained to perfection in the uses Kaiser. H itle r’s terror has suc­ nia Eagle. Charlotta Bass has can tru ly serve the interests of speeded up. I f a worker takes a committeemen and stewards who which they endorse is simply a of barbaric violence. The very cessfully eliminated from the been endorsed by the CIO Coun­ the Negro community.” grievance to a steward both are fought the provocations have been compilation of all the lies and DEFEND UNION DEMOCRACY fact that the masses revolted in scene a vast number of conscious -- cil. Although the Socialist Work­ timed by a company lackey who “ out of line” and must " be slanders previously peddled “ Let W illiam S. Lawrence, one 1918 taught the Nazis a lesson militant workers and the masses, ers Party is opposed to the poli­ stands nearby with watch in hand. “straightened out.” against the whole militant labor of the ‘six,’ explain how three lo­ in the necessity fo r preparing without leadership, are unable to cies of Mrs. Bass (she is an ad­ The cases of the fired shop movement with some new poison- act. This contention that the seven cals of his union, the Longshore­ fo r such an eventuality. vocate of the Stalinist line) we stewards and committeeman pen fabrications. But George * * * fired militants were “out of line” men, including Harry Bridges’ But by itself the existence of a wholeheartedly support the fight which went to arbitration a month Morris is accountable to no one provides a pretext for the com­ own Local 1-10 in San Francisco, powerful instrument of repression One must add to the above- of the Negro population for rep­ ago have not been settled. The but his Stalinist paymasters. pany to refuse to reinstate them. also supported the Trotskyist would hardly suffice to explain mentioned factors the fear of the resentation in the Council. So the company and union officials are Actually the seven were “guilty” CAMPAIGN AGAINST defendants on the labor defense German workers that they will Trotskyists urge all workers in s till “ looking fo r a suitable only of attempting to force the MILITANTS issue and donated over a hundred receive no help from the workers. District 7 to V6te for Charlotta arbitrator.” Bass.” company to live up to the terms dollars to the defense. of England, France and the Soviet The corporation is now getting “ The ‘six’ must answer to the \ • . '• f- 'I * - sV Meat Profiteers of the union contract. The meet­ “ Let C. R. Brown, another of Union. When Hitler ivas victori­ After explaining why the pro­ ¡rid of union stewards and com- workers in the CIO. Clearly; ing of the plant committeemen the ‘six’ explain fo r what reason ous we did not expect a revolu­ gram of Charlotta Bass, who sub­ mittemen by 'withdrawing draft they ¡hope that no one will call told their international officials his own Local 9 of the Industrial tion because he had too much ordinates the struggle for Negro deferments. A ll eligible commit­ them to account. They hope the Line Pockets With that the present conditions are Union of Marine and Shipbuild­ support from the middle class and equality “ for the duration,” did teemen are now subject to re- Stalinist machine w ill provide im­ due solely to the “ do-nothing” po­ munity and protection. But their ing Workers endorsed the defense sections of the working class. licy of the international officers hopes are in vain! Members of of the Trotskyist leaders.” Government Funds Now that the Allies are dealing and their no-strike pledge. the CIO are demanding proof. Concluding with an appeal to (Continued from page 1) H itler’s armies terrible blows, the German masses see before them These international officials are The ‘six’ have taken responsibility the CIO membership, the SWP a surplus, and less need for fo r charging their opponents in statement says: “The life of the the dark future of the military now attempting to sell a contract rationing and fo r building up of rule of Stalin, Churchill and to Local 212 which for the first the labor movement with being labor movement depends on the meat supplies. Nazi spies. Present your proof! maintenance of union democracy. Roosevelt. There is no incentive * time contains an “ umpire” clause. This was in line w ith the desires Back up your slanders with evid­ Irresponsible slanders and ruth­ for them to run the risk of ing the struggles for freedom of This would turn the bargaining of the meat packers, who are slaughter at the hands of H itle r’s Greece the Allied armies in Germany. ence or remain branded as irres- less frame-up methods must be deliberately fostering the policy India from British imperialism He writes: storm-tx-oopers. For the first time news has rights of the union over to a so- stopped. The ‘six’ must be called of meat scarcity to put on pres­ in 1942. “ But fo r the foreign workers, What a difference between the penetrated the tig htly sealed cen­ called “impartial” arbitrator or to appear before a special com­ sure for additional price rises and The charges date back to mass ‘liberation’ thus far has been an present and 1918! Then the Ger­ sorship indicating that the treach­ umpire. This contract will be mission of inquiry to present bigger subsidies from the public actions in protest against the ar­ empty word. We talked to dozens SWP Concludes man masses had the inspiring ex­ erous Stalinist agreement to de­ their proofs — if they have any. treasury. rest of Indian National Congress of them today who /had no idea presented to the next local mem­ ample of the Russian Revolution. mobilize and disarm the ELAS If they fail to do so, the labor In response to the demands of leaders in 1942. Crowds had be­ of where they were going, except bership meeting on April 8. It They fe lt confident that the fighters has met with consider­ movement w ill have every* right the packers, the O/PA has already sieged the police stations in the it was away from the war. I t was Election Campaign Soviets under Lenin and Trotsky able opposition and resistance w ill unquestionably receive heated to call them by their right name conceded further subsidies on both provincial villages of Ashti and a day of driving rain and cold would do all in their power to from the rank and file. The opposition from the militants. — tools of the Stalinist frameup beef apd hogs to the slaughterers. Chimur. In Ashti five policemen wind and they, shivered in their help them. Now they hear only Turkish radio reported on March In Los Angeles machine!” But the meat profiteers are not and five demonstrators were 'kill­ sodden rags as they talked. The Briggs union-busting drive words of hate and vengeance 14th: This statement was distributed satisfied. They demand nothing ed. In Chimur four officials lost “ Mud was caked on their thin is part of a general offensive of (Continued from page 1) coming from the Stalinist bureau­ “ It appears that the demobili­ at a number of union gatherings less than the elimination of price their lives. The demonstrations ersatz shoes. Their faces were the auto corporations, whose pro­ can, who had never before heard this week, including a meeting at crats. They hear threats of zation was not carried out. in full. were provoked by police violence chilled and bitter. They asked the socialist program of Trot- ceilings. enslavement— millions of them gram of wholesale firing of union the Philharmonic Auditorium to Crying that the OPA, which has General Velouchiotis, leftist against Indian women. Defense why they were unable to ride kyism. She addressed numerous áre afraid of being dragged from commander of the ELAS, has in­ militants during the past months hear UAW President R. J. Thom­ permitted the greatest profits in attorneys in the tria l pointed out empty supply trucks returning workers rallies and spoke over as report on the World Trade Un­ their native soil, from their homes formed the government that he has led to a widespread series of all history, holds a “ social philo­ that the sentences had been pass­ westward from the front. the radio four times—although ion Conference and to the quar­ and families, to be compelled to considers the agreement signed by ed by a special tribunal which had “ We said we didn’t know. We strikes throughout the auto her talks were viciously mutilated sophy that regards profits as a work under the whip of Stalin’s terly UAW West Coast Confer­ sin,” W ilbur La Roe, general his friends as worthless and that ceased to exist and whose deci­ hadn’t the heart to tell them the by the-radio censors. G.P.U. They hear no voice coming he considers Siantos (Stalinist plants. 12,000 Hudson workers ence. counsel of the National Inde­ sions were therefore no longer army specifically had ordered from east or west to give them leader who signed the demobiliza­ are out at this w riting and there On the night before elections, pendent Moat Packers Associa­ effective. drivers to pick up no civilians be­ she spoke before UAW-OIO Local encouragement and assurance of tion agreement) a traitor.” Nineteen persons were original­ have been strikes this week at tion, ushered a long line of wail­ help. cause that would encourage a 218. Last Friday she addressed ing meat packers through a recent Clashes between ELAS sup­ ly sentenced to death. Appeals migration that wasn’t supposed Packard and Ford Bomber plants. a neighborhood ra lly on the west hearing of the Senate Agricul­ KEY TO GERMAN porters and Plastiras troops con­ reduced the sentences of four. to happen. side, and on Sunday night she tural Committee. REVOLUTION tinue to occur in the mountain Eight others were given commu­ “ We hadn’t the heart to tell spoke at a1 final central rally at The burden of their lament was But the German masses may regions. In one such encounter tations after thousands had 'sign­ them that long before they got Notice To the Embassy South Hall. A t the that they would be “ruined” if yet make a desperate effo rt to in Verris, Macedonia, four peas­ ed petitions in their behalf. to the German border they would last two rallies, the workers con­ they didn’t secure the “ products overthrow the yoke of H itler and ants were killed and 100 wounded. be stopped by MP’s and herded Subscribers tributed $192 to her campaign. standard” of fixing prices. This prevent further slaughter. What The French official news agen­ into camps where food would be Italy According to postal regula­ means that meat packers would then ? Can they stop the imperial­ cy reported on March 23rd: “ The better but home no less distant WIN NEW FRIENDS According to the New Leader: be guaranteed not only huge over­ ist forces and Stalin’s Red Army Greek Minister of the Interior than in their long years of peon­ tions, your address is not com­ On election day itself, the “C u r z i o Suckert Malaparte, all profits, but profits on every from occupying all of Germany? announced that ‘in view of the age to Nazi Germany.” plete unless it shows the postal Trotskyist candidate “ took Persh­ theoretician of the Italian Fas­ single item or line they handled Not without the help of the Eng­ serious incidents recurring in sev­ zone number. For example: ing Square by storm.” Rising to cist Party, author of many books regardless of how great their lish, French, American and Rus­ eral districts caused by various The M ilitant’s zone number is speak in the busy square in the groups breaking away from praising fascism and urging fas­ Albania total profits. sian. workers. cist revolts in other lands, is the New York 3, N. Y. The postal center of town, she soon had an ELAS leaders, the government is As in Greece, it is now again audience of several hundred And wbat if the Allies seize all latest of many ex-Fascists to be authorities are now insisting MORE PROFITS of Germany? History has shown obliged to support order by all being demonstrated in Albania workers. A ll other groups were welcomed into the ranks of the that this regulation be carried They pulled out a lot of figures how difficult it is for workers to means... it will authorize provin­ how food is being used by the abandoned. cial authorities to arm certain Italian Communist Party.” Allied imperialists as a weapon out in the mailing of The which they read through with take power when a foreign army A significant development of citizens who will support the pol­ of the counter-revolution and a M ilitant. Check the wrapper in much haste and misleading ex­ whose soldiers have not been in­ fixer campaign was the success in ice.’ ” Are these “ certain citizens” device to subjugate the small na­ which The Militant is mailed planation,' trying to show they fected by the revolutionary virus Germany breaking down the Stalinist Stalinist GPU detachments? tions to the will and control of to you and if the zone number Hits the Jackpot were sustaining big losses. Ac is stationed in their country. The What fate is in store .for the barriers to reaching the Negro the mighty. is not included, be sure to send tually, a cai’eful reading of the workers of Northern Italy have millions of foreign workers now and Mexican workers. A t an elec­ The American - Hawaiian same report of 15 companies Drew Pearson reveals that for it to us at once, to assure been compelled to bow beneath Great Britain “liberated” by the Allied armies tion rally conducted by the Stalin­ Steamship Company has just shows that tiheir first half of 1944 the yoke of the Nazi army. Un­ from slave labor under Nazi over­ months war-torn starving Alba­ delivery of your paper. A new series of strikes broke ists, at which all candidates were been handed $7,000,000 for ele­ profits were 271.3 per cent above armed or poorly armed masses seers in Hitler’s Germany? One nia has been appealing for food, out in Great Britain last week. clothing and medical supplies. Send the zone number to: supposed to speak, the Trotskyist ven old tubs sunk during the their 1936-39 average profits. do not have much of a chance Small intimation is given by John candidate was informed by the 10,000 aircraft workers walked The British are prepared to heed war, reports the March 30 Sea­ The federal courts have stepped i gainst a disciplined modern army out in Northwest England in Mecklin, PM correspondent with chairman who had invited her the appeal and allow UNNRA to Business Manager farer’s Log, organ of the Sea­ in to load still more on the gravy with all its deadly equipment. three factories to secure an abo that “ the committee” had decided train of the meat trust. A recent bring in assistance on one condi­ 116 UNIVERSITY PLACE farers’ International Union. The German Revolution w ill lition of piece work' and a 100 to give the floor to all candidates decision of the Emergency Court assure the success of the Euro­ DETROIT tion: that 1200 British army offi­ After a generation of use in per cent production bonus. The cers be sent in to supervise dis­ NEW YORK 3, N. Y. but the Trotskyist. of Appeals ruled that an 80 cents pean Revolution but the key to SUNDAY NIGHT FORUMS struggle was taken up by 30,000 tribution of relief. However, the insistence of an piling up profits, the old ships, per hundredweight subsidy to beef the German Revolution is in the A p rili 22 workers in eight of the Avro air­ The Albanians have demurred influential local Negro leader that launched between 1911 and slaughterers allowed by the OPA hands of the French, the English, craft plants who voted a two-day "JO HN L. LEW IS AND because they know full well that she be given the floor, backed by 1920, were p-id for by the gov­ did not permit an “ equitable and the Russian and the American .token strike and scheduled a mass THE MINERS” these troops will insure British the sympathetic support of the ernment at the lush rate of reasonable” profit. This blasts a workers. One thing is certain. The demonstration in Manchester on Speaker: A. RICHARDS domination over Albania. “ The TOLEDO audience, forced the chairman, a $650,000 per relic. wide hole in the public treasury problems of the German working A pril 6th. In Sunderland, a city Albanians,” Pearson says, “ see Stalinist fellow-traveler, to yield. Incidentally, 34 seamen were fo r the meat packers to grab masses can not be solved by the of 190,000 population, a bus driv­ SUNDAY NIGHT FORUMS She then explained the Trotskyist THURSDAY NIGHT STUDY no excuse for exchanging one set lost on these ships. Their bene­ more subsidies. Allies just as they could not be ers strike tied up transportation. policy of critical support for The same court also held that CLASS of foreign troops for another A pril 22 ficiaries, if .any, got $5000 in­ and wrere not solved by H itler. (the Nazis).” Charlotta Bass. the “ overall profit” method of From this it follows that the Based on Lenin’s surance per life lost. India Drew Pearson also reveals that “THE MYTH OF The campaign has won hundreds determining ceiling prices was workers of Germany are bound to “ State and Revolution” this is not an exceptional propos­ of new friends and supporters for also “ inequitable,” thus paving attempt a revolutionary solution As a result of mass protests in First Session A p ril 19 POST-WAR PLANNING” various parts of India a Nagpur al but is based on an agreement the Socialist Workers Party which the way for the “ product stan of their own, which means taking 3513 WOODWARD AVENUE court ordered a stay of execution that in “liberated” countries re­ ROI DAVIS BUILDING will give a big impetus to the THE MILITANT dard” method. This method al power into their own hands and Room 21 - 8 p. m- lief must be handled through A l­ next election campaign the Trot­ ready applied in- the steel in calling upon the European masses fo r seven men who were sen­ 905 Jefferson Ave. - Room 228-30 may now be purchased at tenced to be hanged for killin g a A ll ‘M ilitant’ Readers Invited lied military control and UNNRA skyists plan to conduct here on dustry netted the steel barons to aid them In establishing a magistrate and a policeman dur must work under it. a bigger scale in 1946. 242 Broadway, San Diego, CaL $300,000,000 added profits. Socialist United States of Europe, Í SATURDAY, APRIL 14, 1945 THE MILITANT FIVE

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“ Labor with a white skin The NEGRO STRUGGLE cannot emancipate itself Wage-Freeze Extension Is Planned

(Continued from page 1) f e - —K arl M arx uMrs. Roosevelt is right-r-rit certain ly pays to buy good clothes trough they grunt their approv­ al of Roosevelt’s “ wage stabiliza by CHARLES JACKSON tion” policy. The “ anniversary” report con­ ro x r7 K J = > stitutes a brazen rejection of la­ rrmmiioiiiiiiiiiiiaiiiimiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiioiiimiiiioiiiiiiiiiioiiiiiiiiiioiiiiiTr bor’s demand fo r wage increases to catch up to the rising cost of Diary ofaSTEEL WORKER Significance of The Gibson Report living. The original ihold-the-line order was issued on A pril 8, 1943 .By Theodore Kovalesky. No statement concerning Negro troops since the outbreak during the first coal miners of this war has aroused such concerted ire in the Negro press strike to bolster the War Labor Sometimes you see a thing, and you think i t ’s a story; but then, gnd from Negro leaders as the infamous Gibson report. The Board’s sabotage of the miners it isn’t really qne. It’s just a little thing: it’s just something that report, allegedly made by Truman Gibson, Jr., Negro civilian struggle to gain a wage increase, happened, and you saw it happen, and maybe i t ’s happened ten It has,since become a major wea­ aide to the Secretary of War in Rome, Italy, carried slanderous million times, or maybe it never happened before in the same way. pon of the administration in stav­ But you saw it, and you think about it and wonder about it, and inferences as to the integrity of the Negro as a soldier. His ing o ff union demands fo r an up remarks gave his impressions of the “ all-Negro” 92nd which he somehow there seems to be a story in it that people should hear ward revision of the Little Steel about. . . if only you could tell them. had previously inspected. According to Gibson, while white •formula. I t is again being used soldiers frequently desert individually in the face of the enemy, to strengthen the -hand of the That’s how the Gypsies struck me. the Negroes "melted away” in®' coal operators in their current I don’t know exactly what Gypsies are, but that’s what I used “ cracker” civilians are given the negotiations with the miners. to call the people at one o f the bus stops on my way to the steel \vho!e platoons and Negro of­ go-ahead sign to “ break in” the ficers showed "more courage While the cost of living has plant. Northern colored • boys. (5) continued to rise, wages have re They lived in an old comer than judgment.” Courts-martial and long senten­ mained frozen. Exorbitant tax­ building that used to be a saloon. Branded as a modern Uncle ces at hard labor for “mutiny” es on the workers’ income has Tom ‘who blamed the Negroes’ at the first signs of protest I t was a dilapidated, warped build­ reduced take-home wages. Ris­ ing made of gray clapboard. There lack of “ morale” on the Negroes against these reactionary policies. ing prices further reduced real was no paint on the walls, but snow themselves rather than on well- (6) The use in the 92nd combat wages and steadily lowered the known Army policy of segrega­ division of 17% illiterates and workers’ standard of living, With and sun, rain and burning sunlight tion,-Gibson was asked to resign 75% semi-literates (Time, March the administration “holding-the had stained and burned the boards by the Chicago Defender col­ 26th) while most of our million line” against wage increases, the into a sad shade of gray. The front Negro high school graduates and umnist George Schuyler and Con­ dollar patriots amassed fabulous windows were wide and covered gressman Powell. Even hopped- our 100,000 college graduates in profits out of war contracts. The with thick curtains and pasted up s u p e r-patriotic Michigan the Army and many lawyers, Price Control Act has been rid­ paper to shut out the glances of Chronicle, former blind apologist dentists and doctors are confined dled with loopholes. The Food for everything and everybody to the quartermaster and engin­ the passersby, and over in one Trusts engineered one price- corner, blocking- as best i t could connected with Roosevelt and his eering corps shoveling mud and squeeze after another: the most war “against fascism,” tempor­ cleaning latrines. recent is the “ meat Strike” of the the rain, the snow, and the howling, arily took o ff its rose-colored (7) The use of a black smoke­ packers aimed at removing price piercing, savage winter winds, was glasses in an editorial entitled screen in the form of Uncle Tom ceilings on beef. The record of a wooden box,, shoved tig h tly “ The Gibson Folly.” “ Negroes “ observers” like General Davis, the-OPA has been one of cons­ NEWS ITEM : Mrs. Roosevelt,' wearing a 5- year old dress of hand-woven cloth, advises Amer­ against a shattered cavity in the Bishop Gregg, Channing Tobias are not fighting in this war,” pro­ tant appeasement of the price- ican housewives to “ get good materials, well made, well cut and well sewed.” N.Y. Times, Apr. 5. window, a hole a foot and a half and Truman Gibson who give claims the editorial, “to perpe­ gougers. • • tuate Jim-Crowism, second-class left-hand support to the Army in diameter where a baseball had burst through on a summer day, citizenship and the present pat­ brass hats. This is the REAL record of or where the elbow of a reeling drunk had plunged through on a the past two years- under the weary, rainy autumn evening. On the unpainted, sad-gray, warped terns of discrimination which WHAT THE RECORD PROVES make Negro life in America a “ hold-the-line” order and no side wall of the Gypsies’ house was a huge cigarette advertisement hum iliating and dog-like experi­ From the Arm y’s own record, amount of statistics juggling can The Real Price Policy that said', “They satisfy,” and a real estate sign that said, “For therefore, it is obvious that it has alter it. Roosevelt and his “ stab­ ence.” Training its guns, for Sale, John G. Parlata.” once, in the right direction, it embarked on a gigantic smear ilizers” insult the intelligence of And out in front of the Gypsies’ house in the summer after­ continued, “ The greatest insult campaign against the Negro min­ the people by publishing such that can come to any citizen is ority, using its official wartime tommyrot as is contained in their O f The A and P Stores noons, sitting dressed in strange, gay colors in the sunlight, were to have his own government dictum as the never-to-be-ques- anniversary” report. Housewives the Gypsy women. They sat in curious and patient silence on cheap, sanction discrimination against tioned medium. Those who fa il will be amazed to learn that food Living near an A & P Super Market seems to the average ® green painted kitchen chairs. They sat there, hooknosed and slender, him.” (Emphasis ours). to see this conspiracy just don’t prices have “ declined” by 3 per housewife like being "next door to heaven.” Landlords often make black-eyed and patient, sometimes watching the passersby, some­ want to see it. Those who don’t cent over the past two years! note of the fact that a vacant house or apartment is located near times, with eyes clouded over, watching things unseen by the rest TOP UNCLE TOM want to see it have some ulterior These statistics jugglers have the an A & P store in order to attract tenants. There are few large of us. reasons which bode no good for . Now, we agree that Gibson gall to expect such a statement, cities in the United States which do not have one or more deserves a bouquet of stinkweed the Negro workers who are m ili- which contradicts the experience Then, one day as I came to w ait fo r the bus, I saw that the and skunk cabbage fo r rating tops tantly seeking equality instead of of every housewife in the coun­ A & P stores. ® curtains had been torn down. Inside the grim y windows I saw one That the A&P Super Market is -among presont-day Uncle Toms. the Jim Crow oppression which try, to be believed on their say-so. 'have gathered considerable evi­ large, gray, dingy room, in one comer a sink, in another a broken, such a popular shopping center dence about the criminal, trade To hold such a job any Negro they have to suffer in this Amer­ The proposal to extend the chair. On the floor was sprawled a worn, broken slab of cheap is not surprising. Here is a practices of the A&P. (knows fu ll well his duties w ill in­ ican “ democracy.” wage-freeze into the “post-war” linoleum, and on it, in a little, bright explosion of color, lay a red clude covering up for Arm y Jim largo, airy, well-lighted store, W riting in the A p ril .1 issue of And just what would be the period is an ominous move to and yellow cloth, perforated with small stars, through which yet :Crow by attacking his own peo­ motive for such a conspiracy, you drive the living standards of the with wide aisles, and spacious PM, Harold Lavine lists some of another color had once shined. It was part of one of the strange, ple. This makes him a selfish may ask? Simply this. The War workers to still lower levels. Cut­ shelves, which even in this period the charges against the A&P opportunist and an enemy of the Department, like all other gov­ backs of war production are of foo'd shortages are fa irly well- which will be brought out in the bright dresses qf the Gypsy .WQipen. Negro masses. Far more impor­ ernment agencies, is ¡part of the again becoming prevalent. The stocked. Before the present res­ trial. “ The Dept, of Justice is f tant, however, than demanding State. In the United States it is elimination of overtime and down­ trictions on food purchases and convinced,” says Lavine, “ that .if What Were the Gypsies Looking for Here? the resignation of Truman Gib­ a capitalist State. The State,-his­ grading, shortening of the work before gasoline was rationed, The Great Atlantic and Pacific hundreds of thousands of Am eri­ Tea .Company of New York,- and But that was the .story. That was a ll of-it, and in a way that’s son (or any other little “ Gibsons” tory has shown, invariably carries week, et-c., w ill . further reduce not a story at all. There they were, and now they’re gone, swallowed who are sure to follow.) is recog­ out those'' jidlicieg which benefit take home wages. To defend,,its can working-class families drove its' affiliates keep expanding as Pressure was put on the Minne- up by the city, hidden somewhere in one of the little cracks in the nizing and exposing the present thea t*M*tg economic class — .in diving standards, labor must re­ long •'distances • to an A&P ¡Super they have until" "now, within 15 sota Valle; Products Co., which conspiracy which is being cooked this ease the capitalist.class. And gain its independence of action in Market in order to, buy their yeiais Americans w ill eat only puts out footh of these commo­ earth,of America, in one of the little dark passages of the great ant up and dished out by the War just how does continued and ex­ the fight against the wage-freeze. weekly supply of groceries. .'Even w ith ’ the gracious consent of the dities, to do something about it. hill that is America. Department to.discredit the Negro tended oppression qf the Negro now, workers who are still able A&P; they will eat only what the Because A&P is one of the larg­ But there is something more. Who were they ? Why came they to keep their cars running are A&P lets them eat; and they people. minority benefit the capitalist est buyers of the Minnesota Val­ here, looking fo r . . . what? And what did they see when their class? Simply by splitting the likely to include a weekly trip w ill pay what the A&P asks.” ley Company’s products, the ne­ -Let us add ,up the undeniable to the A&P store in their gas eyes were clouded over and they looked inward at things unseen •labor movement and dividing it Bosses Advance ILLEGAL MONOPOLIST cessary pressure was put on the facts. (1) The wide-spread official budget. by the rest of us? policy of placing Negroes in sep­ against itself. PRACTICES store in Long Island to raise its But The Great Atlantic and prices. The owner of -this store, I think perhaps they looked back through the years and across arate Jim-Crow units as if they The War Department is there­ “ Mountains of evidence” to 5-Point Program the highways and oyer the ocean, back to a sunny land of soft were inferior, diseased or inhu- by not only laying the ground­ Pacific Tea Company is not in ;bgck up this position are promis­ King Kullen, finally had to agree business because of its devotion to raise his prices to A&P levels. .man creatures. (2) The relega­ work for Wall Street’s domina­ ed by the .Dept, of Justice. A few grasses and deep forests, of fa ir valleys of rich earth, of mountains to American workers. The tion of the vast majority of “ all- tion of the peoples of -Europe and interesting pieces of evidence 3. A&P often buys up a whole that rimmed the darkening evening skies with a-shaggy border of To Smash Unions A&P store is no charitable insti­ year’s output of some growers; Negro” units to the status of the -South Pacific. I t is also sys­ like the following are. offered by blackness. I think they looked back at a life that was simple and (Continued from page 1) tution! stevedores regardless of their ab- tematically discrediting the Ne­ Lavine. ¡deprives its competitors of ac~ clean, -filled with sweat and toil, perhaps, but also with violins and gro minority in order to prepare cess to the commodity; then .ility. (3) The invariable use of strikes bo “ coerce” government HUGE FOOD MONOPOLY 1. The A&P sometimes sells dancing in the night-time. Southern, white, Simon Legree, the way for disastrous race riots fixes prices. agencies into speedy action on Although the publicity depart­ below cost in some cities in or­ and home-grown anti-Negro fas­ The A&P has often bought up Did they come here seeking riches in the great land of op­ Slavedriving, prejudiced officers cases before them; 2. outlawing ment of the Great Atlantic and der to drive its competitors out cism, the contemplated political Brazil’s entire coffee crop six portunity? Is that why they left their mountains and deep valleys? to “ handle” the Negro units. strikes against “ technological ad­ Pacific Tea Company tries to of business — then raises .prices cloak for future American Capi­ months before the beginning of Is that, why they le ft their evening violins and dark, bushy forests ? (4) Training of most Negroes vances” .resulting in unemploy­ convince housewife-buyers that all around. in the Southern camps where talism. the year. In the words of the ■ I hope not. Because, here in the richest land of all the world, ment; 3. making individual union groceries are being sold in A&P People in Dallas, Texas were Department of Justice this action members “ liable” for “ unlawful” stores almost at cost, the facts able to buy fpod cheaply in A&P resulted in the A&P “ cutting off •they found only a sad-gray, worn apd warped, rainrotted, snow- acts of the whole union; 4. penal­ are very different. Even the U.S. stores a few years back until from their competitors and corn­ decayed saloon building to live in. They found only cheap, green- izing workers who strike while Department of Justice, which is Myer & Sons, W yatt Food Stores, ering the principal supply of cof­ painted kitchen chairs on which to sit on concrete sidewalks, while negotiations are in progress or in slow in such matters, has finally Clark & Johnson and Morris Ru fee available for importation into they waited fo r the Gypsy men to come.home from long days in jurisdictional disputes; 5. “pro­ admitted that the A&P is a huge bii) closed their doors. A fter the ¡United States during said the factories. tecting” employes who refuse to ■ food monopoly, growing larger, thqt, A&P got together with its USELESS CAPITALIST CLASS six-month period and artificially And now this wealthiest land of all the world has swallowed comply with a union decision to wealthier and more powerful remaining rivals and “ stabilized increasing the prices of coffee in them up again into its depths. But I do not think that they have strike. year by year. prices.” From then on the Dal­ the United States.” PREVENTS SOCIAL PROGRESS In short, this is a program to In a not very widely publicized las people did not buy cheaply at The following figures, giving qven yet found the riches whose golden glow drew them here. destroy the right to strike per­ case, The Great Atlantic and the A&P. or any other Dallas For I have grown from boyhood in this land. And my brothers Capitalist economy is marked hand and brain and the toiling the wholesale market prices for. manently. It would enable the Pacific Tea Company, 11 of its grocery store. have grown to manhood in this great land of gold and opportunity. by parasites and waste. Paras­ farmers, produce. coffee, prove this charge: government and employers to affiliates and 16 of its officers 2. The A&P puts pressure on And we, in all our millions, have found only the sweat of the ite No. 1 is the capitalist class Mankind could not only manage Aug., 1940 5'/2 cents per lb. stall negotiations indefinitely will be tried by the Justice De­ competitors who undersell them factories and the hurt worry of hard times. to get along without the capital­ Nov., 1940 6.66 cents per lb. itself. without fear of effective union partment on charges of violating and forces through an increase in The capitalists solemnly pro­ ists, but once freed from capital­ Mar., 1941 10.23 cents per lb. So I don’t think the Gypsies have found it either. action, to frame up individual the federal anti-trust laws. The prices. ism, society would be able to rap^ May, 1941 10.60 cents per lb. claim that society cannot exist union members fo r the actions trial will open in Danville, Illi­ A store in Long Island, N. Y. without them. They claim, and idly advance, not only economi­ July, 1941 11.37 ,cents per lb. of the whole union, and to pro­ nois, on A pril 16 and may contin­ was selling Green Giant peas at want the workers to believe, that cally, but also culturally. Aug. 1941-13.25 cents per lb. The workers must learn to vide government protection for ue fo r a year because govern­ two cans for 23 cents and Del their profits are the firs t and par­ strikebreakers and scabs. ment spokesmen say that they Maiz Niblets at 8 cents a can. A multitude of other charges amount concern of all society, and scorn the capitalist argument. The What the big corporations as to “short-changing, short­ 10 Years Ago that the factories and farms can- capitalists have no rig ht to de­ mand even the slightest lowering mean by “ ambiguities” in the weighing and marking up prices pot function unless the capitalists on store tags” are also being get their profits. These ideas are in the workers’ standards of liv­ “peace charter” was explicitly Mickey Rooney’s War Performance ing under the plea that profits stated by Hutchison, whose views made by the Department of Just­ also held by the government and ice. There is evidence too that motivate the government’s laws, are first and basic. The fact that were echoed the same day by C. A Note from V. Grey In The Militant the A&P has bought up farmers’ decrees and actions. the capitalists w ill have to curtail E. Wilson, General Motors presi­ dent, and other leaders of the I see by the papers that soldier organizations, women’s clubs, The assertion that the capital­ some luxury if the workers re­ APRIL 13, 1935 ceive an increase in wages, or the Automotive Council for War Pro­ Mickey Rooney arrived in Paris on etc. to spread the lie that A & P ists are essential to the well-be­ prices are lower than those of in g of society, advanced by the farmers more income, is absolu­ duction. March 23, after performing for 3 NEW 'YORK—Revealing in cold figures the madness of the capi­ Hutchison declared that the their competitors. capitalists, their press, politicians tely of no concern to the workers months in the Roer River sector. talist system, The Militant reported on the waste of its peace­ fourth point in the code—recog­ Over the years, by these super and economists, ranks among the or toiling farmers. nition by management of the right And now all the soldiers are hap­ cut-throat policies, the Great A t­ time “ normalcy.” In 1934, statistics showed, “ 2,400,000 men greatest lies and misconpeptions to collective bargaining—might py. lantic and Pacific Tea Company and women died of starvation and 1,200,000 committed suicide in the history of the world. (From “Your Standard of Liv­ mean to “ freeze” the existing “ I performed in barns and bomb- has become a gigantic food trust. because they had no means of existence,” while capitalists were The capitalists produce noth­ ing — What’s Happening to It” laws, specifically the Wagner ruined houses,” Mickey told a re­ In 1914 this company operated raising priaes by creating artificial shortages. In the same year ing of any value at all. An infi­ by C. Charles, page 16. Pioneer Act. The employers are opposed only 585 stores and had sales of nitesimal minority of the popula­ Publishers, 1943, 32 pp., 5 cents. porter. “But what does it matter “1,000,000 wagon loads of wheat, 267,000 trainloads of coffee, Order from Pioneer Publishers, to this. The bosses don’t mind as long as the GIs are happy?” $31,000,000; in 1941, tHere were 516.000. 000 pounds of sugar, 50,000,000 pounds of rice, and tion, they consume a large part the labor leaders agreeing to the 6,400 stores, with sales of $1,378, o f the wealth which the really 116 University Place, N. Y. 3, The way I get it is that Amer­ 50.000. 000 pounds of meat” were destroyed. “ sacred rights” of private prof­ 666,000. essential classes, the workers of i N. Y.). ica’s “ bad boy” usually has an it—but they have not and never I t is not the “ bigness” of the TOLEDO—Blazing the path to 1 unionization for a million auto w ill agree to the principle of easy chair near the cameras, and A & P chain that is undesirable. a plush-lined dressing room on workers, the Toledo Chevrolet employes voted three-to-one collective bargaining rights. It is the fact that under capital­ fo r entry into the federal auto union of the American Federation roller Skates to relax in. So he ism this increase in size, with its The automotive bardns were in of Labor.'Their vote wiped Out company-government attempts Washington to fig h t the decision had a pretty tough time pepping up the boys’ morale under greater operating efficiency and to establish a company union at Chevrolet, and inspired hundreds BROOKLYN of the NLRB two weeks ago rec­ such adverse conditions. lower costs, has not meant pro­ ognizing the right of collective But what the hell! He’s a .good scout, isn’t he? He’ll portionately lower prices for the of Willys-O.verland workers to sign up. Demands for a 6-hour “Spring Frolic 99 bargaining for foremen and other make the best of a bomb-ruined house! Maybe the people consumers nor better wages for day, 30-hqur week, union recognition, and wage increases were supervisory employes. Far from who used to live in it qould learn a lesson by his spartan ex­ the A&P employees. It has sim­ drawn up as the workers prepared for strike action. ply brought bigger profits to the Saturday, April 14 accepting any “peace charter,” ample. Maybe they’ll learn to get along without running GE’s Wilson told press represent­ corporation-owners. AKRON—A t Goodrich, Goodyear and firestone, 30,000 tire workers water and a roof, too. Dancing - Games - Refreshments atives that the auto corporations If what has happened in other massed their forces to demand union recognition. Support was are going to do “ everything in our Maybe. But they won’t be able to go to Pafis and relax “trust-busting” cases is any in­ pledged by the Cleveland Federation of Labor and the Cleveland From 7 p. m. -to 1 a. -m. power” to prevent unionization of after a few weeks of it, though. dication, the Department of Just Metal Trades Council by F. J. Dillon, head of the A F L auto foremen, even though the govern­ Maybe he’s rig ht about the ¡soldiers being happy, too. ice w ill not really curb the pro­ workers simultaneously organizing at Toledo, as well as by 571 PACIFIC STREET. 2nd FLOOR ment itself recognizes the right But it looks to me like the hapipiness qf the steelworkers oh fiteering and price-fixing mani­ W illiam Green. While the workers prepared flying squadrons pulations of this .powerful food (Take IRT or BMT Subway to Pacific Street) of foremen to organize. a Saturday night. They’re so glad tp be ,qut qf the mess and strike committees to wrest their demands from the rubber Thus, the employing class and sweat for a few hours, and so worried about going back trust. At most the A&P may be Admission 35 Cents given some chicken-feed fines bosses, however, Green and his associates were running to makes clear that any “ truce” to it again—-they try to forget w ith a drink and a good laugh. w ith labor is merely a cover fo r which they w ill then pass on to Roosevelt, trying to sell out by arbitration the strike they anti-labor operations. their customers. publicly supported. SIX THE MILITANT SATURDAY, APRIL 14, 1945

probably in the ruined Europe of today they will receive much worse. The class conscious Austrian workers who, under Austrian and German fascist ‘Good Neighbor’ Policy of THE MILITANT rule created one of the most virile revolutionary socialist underground movements, realize this. United Fruit Company Published in the interests of the Despite Stalin’s counter-revolutionary designs and Working People GPU terror they will find a way to continue their What American imperialism’s “good neighbor” Vol. IX—No. 15 Saturday, April 14, 1945 struggle for a Socialist Austria and a Socialist policy really means in Latin America is indicated by Published Weekly by United States of Europe. the letter of Thomas H. Uzzell in the Spring 1945 THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASSTf issue of The Key Reporter, organ of Phi Beta Kappa, at 116 University Place, New York 3, N. Y. honorary fraternity. Uzzell writes dn part: In; the Winter issue of The Key Reporter I notice Telephone: ALgonquin 4-8541 a news item about the new School of Pan-American FARRELL DOBBS, Managing Editor Prepare For Battle Agriculture in Zamorano, Honduras . . . I t is indeed THE MILITANT follows the policy of permit­ Almost all workers today wonder and worry interesting news but not as “ evidence of inter- ting its contributors to present their own views about how they and their families will manage American good w ill” as you state in your lead. in signed articles. These views therefore do not with prices rising and wages frozen. They are I don’t know whether this noble-sounding sentiment was given you by tihe United F ru it Company . . . but necessarily represent the policies of THE M IL I­ looking to their trade unions to help them secure TAN T which are expressed in its editorials. I am writing to say that in any case the sentiment is living wages and decent working conditions. false, that the enterprise is in no sense noble. The Subscriptions: $1.00 per year; 50c fo r '6 months. But Roosevelt’s wage-freeze, enforced through “good w ill” allegation is merely window-dressing for Foreign: $2.00 per year, $1.00 for 6 months. the War Labor Board on which sit the union rep­ the merciless exploitation of a helpless little nation Bundle orders: 3 cents per copy in the United resentatives, denies them the wage increases they by a powerful American corporation. States; 4 cents per copy in all foreign countries. need so desperately. And the no-strike policy, to-- The United F ru it Company since its founding in Single copies: 5 cents. gether with governmental compulsory arbitration 1900 has extracted some three billion dollars in fruit “ Entered as second class matter March 7, 1944 red-tape, ham-strings and effective labor struggle. and produce from Carribbean countries. Its original at the post office at New York, N. Y., under Taking advantage of their present opportunity, stock has averaged 17 per cent earnings for 44 years. •■he Act of March 3. 1879.” The little countries themselves, receive practically the bosses are conducting a vicious nation-wide nothing, while at the same time they give away their campaign of provocations designed to cripple the rich lands, under diplomatic pressure, in return fo r unions and victimize the best militants. Moreover, Only the world revo­ promises to build railways and roads which are mainly the workers face the imminent prospects, follow­ useful to the exploiters. They also, our “ good neigh­ lution can save the ing the close of the war in Germany, of mass un­ bors” in the hot lands, furnish laborers who stagger USSR for socialism. But employment and drastic wage-slashes. under the most grueling farm work in the world the world revolution What are the official heads of the labor move­ under constant risk of disease and for coolie labor ment proposing to do? Are they seeking to regain wages. . . carries with it the ines­ ■Please note that the new school in Honduras is fo r independence of action Tor the unions? Are they capable blotting out of thé study of agriculture and not of history or teaching the workers to prepare for struggle? Are economics or government and that it is- free. This is the Krem lin oligarchy. they organizing labor’s forces to combat the union- all part of the company’s policy to attract the keenest — Leon Trotsky busting offensive? and best educated o f young men coming from our Quite the contrary. M urray and Green have colleges and bribe them to assist the entrenched shown they intend to continue the same disastrous savage exploitation of our helpless good friends to policies which have led the unions into their pres­ the south of us. These fine boys who enroll fo r the JOIN US IN FIGHTING FOR: ent blind alley. Instead of conducting a real fight new school w ill be groomed as experts, superinten­ against the wage freeze, they go hat in hand to dents, bosses of the poor, illiterate mestizos who1 w ill do all the d irty work and i f the boys show any 1. M ilitary training of workers, financed the White House begging for favors—which Roose­ sympathy for these poor natives, the “wiser” fruit jy the government, but under control velt does not even bother to consider. . company heads will tell them that the “spiggoties” While Big Business prepares for war against the of the trade unions. Special officers’ are born stupid and drunken and are generally hope­ unions, M urray and Green have just signed a less and not to w orry about them. training camps, financed by the gov­ “peace charter” with the spokesmen of Big Busi­ Some of these facts were extracted from a reluctant ernment but controlled by the trade ness. By fawning upon Big Business, these labor without the unification of all the creases and eliminating specialist official of the company. Most regrettable of all is the leaders hope to get a few concessions to appease iPraise Articles Negro workers and all the con­ rates for Southern California A ir­ hypocritical attitude of our State Department about unions, to train workers to become craft Workers. During October, the workers and protect their own positions. Such By Grace Carlson scious white workers their our trade imperialism in South and Central Amierica. equality will never be granted 1943, Lodge 727 of the IAM, to o ffic e rs . Editor: Exploitation such as I have described is possible only false and treacherous policies not only w ill win by the capitalists. Discrimination gether with t)he UAW-CIO and This is just a note commending with the connivance of our government. , . 2. Trade union wages for all workers nothing for the workers, but w ill disarm the unions and race hatred are the best in­ ■the United Independent Welders the articles by Grace Carlson struments of ‘power the bosses petitioned -the W ar Labor’ Board before the increasing assaults of their worst which The M ilitant has been pub­ drafted into the army. have, and the sooner the workers fo r higher rates—80 cents per enemies. lishing recently. We are reach­ learn the meaning and the reasons hour fo r beginners, up to $1.60 3. Full equality fo r Negroes in the armed ing more women with The M ili­ The workers are not going to accept these false behind discrimination, the sooner fo r skilled workers. Officer Court-Martialed tant today than ever before. Both forces and the war industries— Down policies of further retreat and surrender without we can wipe it from the face of women who work in the factories This denial of wage increases a fight. But it is up to the conscious union mili­ the earth, and live like free human with Jim Crowism everywhere. and those at home. And such ar­ coincided with the anti - union For Defending Mexican beings in a better world. tants to give them the organization, leadership and ticles make the paper much easi­ drive of the Lockheed A ircra ft 4. Confiscation of all war profits. Expro­ program to make their struggle effective. They er to sell. I. C. Corporation. Provocations includ­ ■Because he was “ too zealous” and “ obstructed The average housewife is burd­ Youngstown ed downgrading, transferring of Army justice” by his defense of a Mexican private priation of all war industries and their must lead a genuine organized battle to scrap the workers, attempted intimidation ened down w ith children, scarci­ falsely charged with “rape” by an Army court- no-strike policy and remove the labor representa­ of workers filing grievances operation under workers’ control. ties of food, rising costs of living, martial, a young second lieutenant, Sidney Shapiro, tives from the W ar Labor Board. Lockheed Workers Flight technicians who had asked etc. She feels that although the was himself court-martialed and dismissed from file 5. A rising scale of wages to meet the The industrialists regard “peace charters" with workers in the shop have a con­ Take Strike Vote for flig h t bonuses because their jobs involve exposure to injury or Army. , rising cost of living. labor as scraps of paper. Right now, they are stant struggle to', keep up their Editor: standard of. living, the house­ death while testing planes in the Shapiro had been named to defend Pvt. Fausto pressing for more anti-labor legislation from the,:r A t meetings held during March air have been locked out. Under Agredano at Grand Island, Neb., Army A ir base, in 6. W orkers Defense Guards against vigil­ wife’s burden should by no means 27th to A p ril 3rd, the Lock­ pliant, capitalist-controlled Congress. To ward off be neglected. these provocations the skilled the 1943 case. Agredano was accused of assaulting ante and fascist attacks. heed Aircraft workers belonging workers put pressure on the con these anti-labor political moves and secure pro­ W ith more and more house­ to Lodge 727, International As­ a 15-year old g irl who claimed to identify him. gressive legislation the workers require a political wives reading The M ilitant and servative leadership of Lodge 727, ■Contrary to customary practice, Shapiro actually 7. An Independent Labor Party based on sociation of Machinists (A F L) forcing it to consider action. instrument which they can truly call their own, an becoming more politically consci­ passed a strike vote under provi book an interest in defending an accused private— the Trade Unions. ous, it is good that The Militant Thè aircraft workers at Lock­ independent labor party based on the trade unions. sions of the Smith-Connally Act heed are beginning to move. Tihe and a Mexican, to boot. He became convinced that is publishing articles, directly con­ They also voted a resolution Agredano was innocent. The lieutenant brought in 8. A Workers’ and Farmers’ Govern­ cerning their problems and tying leadership is trying to prevent stating that no leader of the the workers from taking job ac­ another man at the court-martial. This “ringer” was them up with the emancipation union was to rescind the strike m e n t. of the rest of the working class. tion against the corporation. The identified as the assailant by the girl and police. A vote without the approval of the time is long overdue to rescind mistrial was won for file Mexican private. 9. The defense of the Soviet Union Pauline and Esther, membership. The second -resolu­ the no-strike pledge and w ith­ Shapiro’s aggressive conduct of the defense—a Blows A t Jim-Crow Detroit tion was passed because in against im perialist attack. draw all labor support from the customary legal means of testing the credibility of The fight against the Jim Crow policies of January, 1944 the conservative WLB. leadership, against the interests witnesses— riled the brass hats. I t was contrary to the U. S. Arm y and Navy recently registered two Labor Shortage? and desires of the membership H. T. army “ procedure.” In June, 1944, Shapiro was court- victories when higher m ilitary bodies were forced Editor: revoked a strike vote which had Los Angeles martialed and dismissed from service, tantamount to Austria's Future to withdraw harsh and discriminatory penalties The radio, newspapers and bill been passed in December, 1943. dishonorable discharge. Shapiro was given just 80 inflicted upon four Negro Wacs and fifteen Seabees. posters all tell us that there is a The present strike vote was Some Results minutes to prepare his defense. On the eve of the conquest of Vienna, Stalin’s The reversals in these cases were not brought terrible labor shortage. In fact, in taken because on Monday, March The brass hate court-martialed Agredano once my town they ;are going around 26th the War Labor Board issued Of Mass Protest government in Moscow and the Red Arm y M ar­ about by any burst of generosity 'or love of fair more, convicted him and sentenced him to five years from door to door soliciting even a directive denying all wage in- Editor: in prison. The authority of Army “justice” was shal Tobulkhin issued official declarations promis­ play on the part p i the m ilitary authorities but housewives to work in war jobs. The recent mass protest of 2,000 saved. 1 ing not to “ change the social system in Austria,” through the m ilitant stand taken by the nineteen On the job, however, layoffs are Jewish parents in one of the Jun­ Shapiro appealed his discharge to a federal district but to “facilitate the restoration of order existing all the work they seem to have Negro servicemen arx^l women involved. These io r High School auditoriums on the court, which ruled it had no jurisdiction, but admitted My entire shipyard was closed. North Side of Minneapolis rela­ in Austria before the Nazi Anschluss," and guar­ courageous Negro men and women used the meth­ that the young lieutenant had been denied “ due This yard, the East Coast Ship­ QUESTION BOX tive to the beatings to which anteeing “ the independence of Austria." od of m ilitant protest, the only avenue left open yard, employed between 5,000 and Jewish boys and girls have been process” of law at his court-martial. He appealed This means that Stalin plans to prop up capital­ 6,000 skilled workmen — pipefit­ to anyone who wants to fight the oppressive Jim -subjected has opened the whole last week to the U. S. Court of Appeals. ters, welders, machinists, etc., and ist rule in Austria,on the same counter-revolution­ Crow set-up of the armed forces. Q: What is the difference be subject of discrimination in this ary pattern he has already followed in the Balkan if they are having the same luck tween trusts, cartels, and mono­ city. Every day the press carries The Seabees were part of a much larger group I am coming up against, then polies? articles on- this subject—and what countries and Poland. “ Independence’’ under capi­ of Negroes who were dishonorably discharged for this “manpower shortage” must A : A “ trust” is a combination was previously only spoken of talist domination can only serve to aggravate ten­ be a laugh to them too. Veterans Discover Jokers a sitdown strike in 1943 against Navy Jim Crow of manufacturers organized to privately has now come out into fold the present suffering and poverty of the Aus­ policies. Fifteen petitioned for a review of their A t the U. S. Employment Serv­ control the market so as to keep the open. trian people. After the last war the victorious *. ice there are jobs at 65 cents, 60 prices and profits high. A “ cartel” In Promises About Loans discharges. Legal representatives of the National cents, 70 cents an hour. There is the same as a trust; but “car­ The politicians are making use Allies set up a small “ independent Austria" sep- . Association for thp Advancement of Colored Peo­ of this problem—the “ outs” say­ is no shortage of jobs at that kind tel” is frequently used to desig­ Tens o f thousands of returned war veterans taken arated from industrial Germany and the agricul­ ple, the American C ivil Liberties Union and the of pay, but work,, at liveable wages nate international combinations, ing what they would do if they were the “ ins.” One North side in by the administration’s rosy promises about loans tural regions of eastern and southern Europe. In CIO War Relief Committee aided the Seabees in is hard to get. I t just puts a man while “ trust” is used to mean na­ in a position where he can’t be­ aspirant for the position of Aider- bo aid them in establishing homes, farms or small .this str.aitjacket Austrian economic life was their hearing before the Naval Review Board. As tional ones. Both 1 cartels and lieve anyone in high places any trusts are formed to create £ man from the third ward openly businesses have been learning what the real score strangled. a result the “ dishonorable" discharges were chang­ more. Anyway; it ’s a crying monopoly — to eliminate compe­ states that the incumbent is is in the past nine months since the so-called G.I. The Austrian workers have been among the most ed to discharges “ under honorable conditions” for shame how people in charge of tition ■— in the production and deliberately using the issue to Bill Of Rights was passed. class-conscious and revolutionary in Europe. The these papers, etc. can get away sale of commodities. secure his re-election. His accuser, Out of an already huge volume of applicants, only fourteen of the fifteen petitioners. however, does not spare any with such stuff. 1608 loans have been approved by the Veterans Ad­ most advanced have long known that their eman­ The protest of the four Negro Wacs took the words in attempting to push his Shipyard Worker cipation and security could be achieved only form of a refusal to return to work under discrim­ Q: When were the Knights of opponent out of office on the same ministration—three fo r farms, 23 fo r businesses and Jersey City 1582 fo r homes. through a Socialist Austria incorporated in a So­ inatory conditions at Lovell General Hospital in Labor organized? issue. Contrary to what the soldiers are led to believe, cialist United States of Europe. In 1919 they es­ Massachusetts. Earlier attempts by these and A : In 1869 as a secret organ One good thing the mass meet­ ization. By 1881 it became an the government itself makes no loans. I t merely tablished soviets seeking a link with the short­ scores of other Negro Wacs to get an adjustment What One Student ing, accomplished was to put the open mass organization, recruit­ Minneapolis Police Department in guarantees up to 50 per cent of private loans up to lived Hungarian and Bavarian soviet republics. of their grievances against the Arm y officials, who Learned in College ing thousands of workers on an the spotlight. From now on they $2000—with provisions for attaching anything the But they were deceived .and driven back unde'r were assigning all the "d irty work" to the colored E ditor: industrial union basis. know that they are being watch veteran owns if he defaults. the yoke of capitalism by the treacherous Social- Wacs, had been unsuccessful. Their refusal to work One Negro woman who bought ed by an aroused citizenry. An­ The conditions under which the government will Democratic leaders. brought down upon them court martial sentences a subscription to The Militant Q: What union does W illiam other thing — the pussy-footing partially guarantee loans are so stringent that a from, me is a student at college. and policy of silence of Jewish Capitalist reaction became more aggressive and of a year. This verdict has now been overruled by Green belong to? veteran who can qualify w ill have no difficulty usually Being an intellectual and better A. The A FL American Feder­ “ leaders” has once and fo r all in getting a bank loan on his own without all the unbridled as the country staggered from crisis to a higher military court, the prison sentences void­ off than the • ordinary Negro been broken. The Jewish people ation of Musicians, to which he government red-tape. In fact, writes the Cleveland crisis. • In 1934 Dollfuss ordered his mercenaries ed, and the four Wacs ordered restored to duty. worker, she fe lt—or rather was angrily pushed their “ leaders” was admitted after his expulsion Press, A pril 2, “ bank terms are easier than those of to bombard the working class districts. The Aus­ Credit for this latest set-back to Jim Crow must under the illusion—that she was from the United Mine Workers into this meeting which the “ leaders” entered reluctantly. the (GI) bill.” trian workers put up a heroic armed resistance. ' go, not only to these nineteen brave service men and being treated as the equal of the Union. His expulsion occurred white students. They had.to -take the leadership Even the promise of “free interest” turns out to Nevertheless the labor movement was crushed; women, but to millions of fighting members of after the AFL in November, 1935 This falsehood was unveiled to expelled the unions which later of the mass meeting or be dis­ have a hook in it. I f the veteran finally qualifies, the trade unions and workers’ parties were illegalized;• Negro, labor and liberal organizations, who sup­ her only after a party held at formed the CIO. credited once and fo r all. To their government offers one year’s free interest up to $80 thousands hurled into prisons and concentration ported their cases. Not a “ hat in hand” policy of the college. She had looked fo r­ shame let it be said that they •subsequently deductible from such adjusted; com­ tried to soft-pedal the negligence camps. After the assassination of Dollfuss by Nazi begging favors, but m ilitant, uncompromising ward to attending it, but much to pensations as Congress may authorize fo r veterans her chagrin, she found herself Q: Has the United States ad­ of the police department and the in the future. agents, his clerical fascist regime was continued struggle gets results in the fight against Jim Crow! mitted many refugees from Fas­ mayor. But after the meeting barred from the social activities Actually, according to a Scripps-Howard report under Schuschnigg. This is the kind of “ order Although Jim Crow in the U. S. Arm y and Navy of the college. She protested to cism during the war? hundreds of people stood around from Washington on April 4, “the administration is existing in Austria" which Stalin has promised to has yet to be defeated, these two victories point the professor, and since words are A : 'In 1944 the United States hurling questions and making trying to discourage veterans from seeking loans restore. the way. We salute the four Negro Wacs and cheap and no doubt plentiful for admitted only 4,509 immigrants demands, until the janitor turned the professor, words were all the from Europe, the lowest figure o ff the lights and started order­ unless they have a reasonable chance of paying out.” Under continued capitalist rule the Austrian fifteen Negro Seabees, who at great personal risk satisfaction she received. since the war began. In 1939, the ing everyone out. In short, these loan guarantees are given more to masses certainly cannot expect anything better than carried through this front - line fight against She knows now that discrimina- last pre-war year, immigration R. B. protect the banks and loan companies than to help their pre-war oppression and starvation— and most Jim Crow— a genuine fight for democracy. 1 ' tidn is commonplace, and that from Europe was 63,138. Minneapolis the veterans.