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Home , Benito Mussolini, Duce, Fascism, Italian Fascism, March on Rome, Prime Minister of Italy

Benito Mussolini & Italian 1883 - 1945

Prime Minister of from 1922 – 1943 Ruled constitutionally until 1925 Established

Nickname Il “The Leader”

Desired to delay WWII but sided with Germany , 1940. Early Life Father was blacksmith and socialist Mother was Catholic schoolteacher

Eldest of 3 children Named after famous Mexican and Italian socialists

Learned anarchist, military authoritarian from father Fascism

• New, militant that emphasized loyalty to the and obedience to its leader • Shared ideas but no clearly defined theory or program • Extreme nationalism: -extreme loyalty to one’s country • Authoritarian leader to guide and bring order to the state • Nations must struggle – peaceful states will be conquered vs. Fascism

Similarities • Rule by allowing only one – no • Denial of individual • State is supreme Differences Classless Every class has place and purpose International scope Nationalists Working classes Aristocrats & Industrialists Paris Conference of 1919 At the end of WWI, Italy gets little

Rising inflation and

Italians disappointed in seemingly weak democratic

Desire a leader who would be strong and take action Mussolini Promises Change

• Newspaper editor and aspiring politician • Established Party in 1919 (WWI?) Directly after the end of WW1 (1918) • Promises to revive Italian economy and rebuild its armed forces

• As economic and social conditions worsened, his Fascist Party gained popularity • Preyed upon upper class fear of working classes March on

October 1922 (Two years before death of Lenin)

30,000 Fascists march to Italian capital

Demand that King Emmanuel III put Mussolini in charge of gov’t.

After violence and threatened uprising, Mussolini takes power “legally” Italy under Mussolini

• Abolished democracy • Outlawed all political parties except Fascist Party • jailed anyone opposed • Radio stations and publications could only issue Fascist doctrines • Outlawed labor strikes

Never had the complete control that Stalin had in Russia or Hitler in Germany

Mussolini’s hands on approach Mussolini’s not afraid of a little work… Mussolini, Man of & Leisure Putin, a Mussolini rip-off? Mussolini’s HEADquarters

Rome, Italy BFFs Mussolini meets Hitler Mussolini, Master of