Identifying Armyworm Larvae Armyworms That Occur in Cereals and Grasses

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Identifying armyworm larvae Armyworms that occur in cereals and grasses Armyworm species are members of the noctuid family and have many similarities during their lifestages. In general: Common and Northern armyworm Mythimna convecta and M. separata • Moths are grey or brown with a 35-40 mm wingspan; wing patterns can vary from mild to very mottled/patterned. • Eggs are laid in masses. Spodoptera spp. cover the mass with a layer of scales, creating a furry appearance. • Newly hatched caterpillars usually have a pale or translucent body and dark head, and develop more distinctive colours/patterns as they grow. • Older larvae (30-40 mm long) provide the best chance of visual identification. Even then, individuals can very widely. Caterpillars with a wide host range (narrow and broadleaf) Dayfeeding armyworm Lesser armyworm Fall armyworm Cluster caterpillar Spodoptera exempta Spodoptera exigua Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera litura Sugarcane armyworm False armyworm Leucania stenographa Leucania loreyi Armyworms Also known as African armyworm; Also known as beet armyworm; Variable colours; short hairs; pale Variable colours; yellow/orange lines body is darker at high population often yellow or pinkish underneath. ‘Y’ marking on head; raised dots in a with dark crescent-shapes along the back densities. trapeze and square patterns on back. and a row of dark dots along each side. Only found in sugarcane and pastures. Head marking is dark; lacks the Helicoverpa Cutworms Loopers obvious raised dots of fall armyworm. H. armigera and H. punctigera (30-35 mm) Agrotis spp. (50 mm) multiple species (30-40 mm) Lawn armyworm Spodoptera mauritia Medium-sized larvae Similar-looking caterpillars Similar-looking Similar crescent markings to cluster caterpillar but without the rows of dark circles along the sides. Variable colours; hairs along back and sides. Dark larvae; mostly ground-dwelling. Variable colours; distinctive ‘looping’ Helicoverpa Fall armyworm Cluster caterpillar movement. Produced with support from: www.thebeatsheet.com.au Last updated May 2020.

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The African Scare of Fall Armyworm: Are South African Farmers Immune?
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