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and sexual health clinics and pharmacies. pharmacies. and and clinics clinics health health sexual sexual and and

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control tests. tests. control control

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GlossaryGlossary somesome wordswords usedused inin thisthis leaflleafl etet MoreMore informationinformation youyou maymay wantwant toto knowknow moremore aboutabout ToTo fi find nd out out more more or or to to make make an an appointment appointment if if you you think think you you may may havehave an an STI, STI, contact contact any any of of the the following: following: abdominalabdominal of of or or to to do do with with the the abdomen abdomen (tummy) (tummy) NorthNorth Island Island analanal sex sex penispenis inserted inserted into into partner’s partner’s anus anus (sodomy) (sodomy) WhangareiWhangarei ...... 09 ...... 09 438 438 6123 6123 anusanus openingopening (arsehole) (arsehole) through through which which solid solid waste waste AucklandAuckland Central Central ...... 09 ...... 09 630 630 9770 9770 (faeces,(faeces, poo) poo) passes passes from from the the body body 08000800 739 739 432 432 bladderbladder wherewhere urine urine (pee (pee or or mimi) mimi) is is stored stored NorthNorth Shore Shore ...... 09 ...... 09 443 443 9580 9580 bloodblood test test sample sample of of blood blood (usually (usually from from the the arm) arm) checked checked 08000800 739 739 432 432 toto detect detect possible possible disease disease SouthSouth Auckland Auckland ...... 09 ...... 09 255 255 5172 5172 08000800 739 739 432 432 cervicalcervical ofof the the neck neck of of the the womb womb BeingBeing WestWest Auckland Auckland ...... 09 ...... 09 836 836 0838 0838 condomcondom rubberrubber sheath sheath that that fi fits ts over over the the penis penis 08000800 739 739 432 432 dischargedischarge watery watery or or thicker thicker fl fluid uid dripping dripping from from the the body body HamiltonHamilton ...... 07 ...... 07 839 839 8732 8732 (women(women have have a a normal normal vaginal vaginal discharge discharge – – any any TokoroaTokoroa ...... 07 ...... 07 886 886 7239 7239 changechange in in this this needs needs to to be be checked checked out.) out.) TaurangaTauranga ...... 07 ...... 07 579 579 8157 8157 ejaculationejaculation release release of of semen semen from from penis penis when when erect erect or or stiff stiff WhakataneWhakatane ...... 07 ...... 07 306 306 0804 0804 SaferSafer (coming)(coming) RotoruaRotorua ...... 07 ...... 07 349 349 7918 7918 genitalsgenitals partsparts of of reproductive reproductive system system on on the the outside outside of of the the GisborneGisborne ...... 06 ...... 06 868 868 9005 9005 bodybody Napier/Hastings...... 0800Napier/Hastings...... 0800 303 303 099 099 infertilityinfertility not not being being able able to to make make babies babies 027027 703 703 7391 7391 or or 06 06 834 834 1518 1518 ext4240 ext4240 lubricantlubricant substance substance that that makes makes things things slippery slippery TaupoTaupo ...... 07 ...... 07 378 378 3895 3895 or or 07 07 376 376 0098 0098 SexuallySexually masturbatingmasturbating creatingcreating sexual sexual excitement excitement by by stroking stroking or or rubbing rubbing NewNew Plymouth Plymouth ...... Freephone ...... Freephone 0508 0508 739 739 432 432 thethe genitals genitals WanganuiWanganui ...... 06 ...... 06 348 348 1234 1234 ext8334 ext8334 Dannevirke/PalmerstonDannevirke/Palmerston North/Levin North/Levin ....06 ....06 350 350 8602 8602 mucousmucous membrane membrane lining lining of of passages passages in in the the body body PreventingPreventing SexuallySexually MastertonMasterton ...... 06 ...... 06 370 370 5020 5020 oraloral sex sex stimulatingstimulating male male or or female female genitals genitals with with a a LowerLower Hutt/ Hutt/ Porirua/Wellington Porirua/Wellington ...... 04 ...... 04 385 385 9879 9879 partner’spartner’s mouth/tongue mouth/tongue TransmissibleTransmissible InfectionsInfections SouthSouth Island Island penispenis malemale sex sex organ organ that that becomes becomes hard hard and and erect erect when when aroused;aroused; also also used used for for urinating urinating NelsonNelson ...... 03 ...... 03 546 546 5255 5255 pessariespessaries tabletstablets inserted inserted into into the the vagina vagina for for local local treatment treatment BlenheimBlenheim ...... 03 ...... 03 578 578 3044 3044 Greymouth/WestGreymouth/West Coast Coast ...... 03 ...... 03 768 768 0499 0499 ext2751 ext2751 pubicpubic hair hair hair hair around around genitals genitals ChristchurchChristchurch ...... 03 ...... 03 364 364 0485 0485 STIsSTIs rectumrectum lastlast part part of of the the canal canal that that takes takes waste waste materials materials AshburtonAshburton ...... 03 ...... 03 307 307 8453 8453 toto the the anus anus TimaruTimaru ...... 03 ...... 03 687 687 2100 2100 or or 03 03 684 684 4000 4000 ext87 ext87 rimmingrimming stimulatingstimulating anal anal area area with with mouth/tongue mouth/tongue WanakaWanaka ...... 03 ...... 03 443 443 1226 1226 semensemen fl fluid uid that that spurts spurts out out of of the the penis penis when when a a male male Queenstown...... 03Queenstown...... 03 441 441 0500 0500 ejaculatesejaculates (comes) (comes) DunedinDunedin ...... 03 ...... 03 470 470 9780 9780 condom BYO • sex No condom No • condom a use Always condom BYO • sex No condom No • condom a use Always sexualsexual fl fluids uids semen semen in in male male and and normal normal vaginal vaginal discharges discharges in in Invercargill/GoreInvercargill/Gore ...... 03 ...... 03 214 214 5768 5768 or or 0800 0800 742 742 546 546 femalefemale •• Your Your general general practice practice sexualsexual intercourse intercourse penis penis taken taken into into partner’s partner’s vagina vagina or or anus anus •• Family Family Planning Planning – – look look under under F F in in the the phone phone book book sheathsheath anotheranother name name for for a a condom condom spermsperm producedproduced in in the the testes testes (balls) (balls) of of the the male male to to fertilise fertilise •• Student Student health health service service – – if if you you are are a a student student thethe female’s female’s egg egg •• AIDS AIDS hotline hotline – – Freephone Freephone 0800 0800 802 802 437 437 (for (for information information on on urethraurethra tubetube that that carries carries urine urine out out of of the the body; body; in in males males HIV/AIDS).HIV/AIDS). In In Auckland Auckland telephone telephone 358 358 0099 0099 alsoalso carries carries semen semen •• Occupational Occupational health health nurse nurse (if (if you you work work in in large large industry) industry) urineurine wastewaste fl fluid uid passed passed from from the the body body (water, (water, pee, pee, •• Herpes Herpes Helpline Helpline – – 0508 0508 111 111 213 213 mimi)mimi) vaginavagina passagepassage in in female female that that connects connects the the womb womb with with thethe outside outside vaginalvaginal sex sex penis penis of of male male taken taken into into vagina vagina of of female female ThisThis resource resource is is available available from from www.healthed.govt.nz www.healthed.govt.nz oror the the Authorised Authorised Provider Provider at at your your local local DHB. DHB. NewNew Zealand. Zealand. Revised Revised June June 2017. 2017. 03/2019.03/2019. Code Code HE7002 HE7002

and sexual health clinics and pharmacies. and clinics health sexual and

You can get safer sex oral dams from some Family Planning Planning Family some from dams oral sex safer get can You

through doctors’ prescriptions. doctors’ through

Check with your pharmacist. your with Check pharmacies, Family Planning and sexual health clinics, and and clinics, health sexual and Planning Family pharmacies,

applied to the vagina or penis may affect the safety of condoms. condoms. of safety the affect may penis or vagina the to applied

You can get condoms from supermarkets, service stations, stations, service supermarkets, from condoms get can You

They are an option if you are allergic to latex. Some medications medications Some latex. to allergic are you if option an are They

control tests. control

Polyurethane condoms for male and female use are available. available. are use female and male for condoms Polyurethane

All condoms available in New Zealand must pass quality quality pass must Zealand New in available condoms All

The right size is less likely to slip off or split. or off slip to likely less is size right The

jelly, oils or body lotion – these weaken the rubber. the weaken these – lotion body or oils jelly,

t. t. fi comfortable a for sizes different in available are Condoms

, petroleum petroleum , • Use a water-based lube. Don’t use Vaseline use Don’t lube. water-based a Use •

®

sperm when the man ejaculates (comes). ejaculates man the when sperm

• Check expiry or use-by date before use. before date use-by or expiry Check •

ts over the penis to catch catch to penis the over ts fi which sheath rubber a is condom A

• Keep away from sunlight. from away Keep •

Condoms

• Store in a cool, dry place and keep away from heat. from away keep and place dry cool, a in Store •

sexual partner. sexual

Look after your condoms your after Look

• pain during sexual intercourse. sexual during pain •

Being safer sexually means discussing safer sex with your your with sex safer discussing means sexually safer Being

• pain or frequency in passing urine passing in frequency or pain •

your sexual behaviour. sexual your

rubbish.

• lower abdominal pain abdominal lower • Alcohol and drugs can stop you making clear decisions about about decisions clear making you stop can drugs and Alcohol tissue or toilet paper. Put it in the the in it Put paper. toilet or tissue

• urethral discharge urethral • the higher your risk of getting an STI. an getting of risk your higher the condom from the penis and wrap it in in it wrap and penis the from condom

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spilt by holding the condom onto the the onto condom the holding by spilt

condom or oral dam might not prevent this. prevent not might dam oral or condom health clinic. Symptons include: Symptons clinic. health

withdrawing, prevent semen from being being from semen prevent withdrawing,

Some STIs are transmitted by skin-to-skin contact, and a a and contact, skin-to-skin by transmitted are STIs Some

If you think you may have an STI, see your doctor or sexual sexual or doctor your see STI, an have may you think you If

4

• After ejaculating (coming) and when when and (coming) ejaculating After •

your partner from most STIs. most from partner your

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• Oil-based lubricants such as Vaseline as such lubricants Oil-based •

® Condoms can protect you and and you protect can Condoms

Top Gel)to the condom. the Gel)to Top need condoms to protect against STIs. against protect to condoms need

(eg, K-Y (eg, or or Sylk Stuff, Wet Jelly,

neither partner has been or is having sex with anyone else, you you else, anyone with sex having is or been has partner neither

® ®

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• Apply a water-based lubricant water-based a Apply • you are in an established relationship with one partner, where where partner, one with relationship established an in are you

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partner, every time every partner, • see condoms as a barrier to intimacy to barrier a as condoms see •

rings and teeth can tear the condom. the tear can teeth and rings

pharmacist) during vaginal, oral, or anal sex with every every with sex anal or oral, vaginal, during pharmacist)

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nd them too expensive (you can get them cheaper on on cheaper them get can (you expensive too them nd fi •

1

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condoms properly condoms • using a condom to stop blood or sexual fl sexual or blood stop to condom a using • uids passing passing uids condoms can help protect protect help can condoms

Getting it on – using using – on it Getting Most people know that that know people Most mean: can sexually safer Being

Glossary some words used in this leafl et More information you may want to know more about To fi nd out more or to make an appointment if you think you may have an STI, contact any of the following: abdominal of or to do with the abdomen (tummy) North Island anal sex penis inserted into partner’s anus (sodomy) Whangarei ...... 09 438 6123 anus opening (arsehole) through which solid waste Auckland Central ...... 09 630 9770 (faeces, poo) passes from the body 0800 739 432 bladder where urine (pee or mimi) is stored North Shore ...... 09 443 9580 blood test sample of blood (usually from the arm) checked 0800 739 432 to detect possible disease South Auckland ...... 09 255 5172 0800 739 432 cervical of the neck of the womb Being West Auckland ...... 09 836 0838 condom rubber sheath that fi ts over the penis 0800 739 432 discharge watery or thicker fl uid dripping from the body Hamilton ...... 07 839 8732 (women have a normal vaginal discharge – any Tokoroa ...... 07 886 7239 change in this needs to be checked out.) Tauranga ...... 07 579 8157 ejaculation release of semen from penis when erect or stiff Whakatane ...... 07 306 0804 Safer (coming) Rotorua ...... 07 349 7918 genitals parts of reproductive system on the outside of the Gisborne ...... 06 868 9005 body Napier/Hastings...... 0800 303 099 infertility not being able to make babies 027 703 7391 or 06 834 1518 ext4240 lubricant substance that makes things slippery Taupo ...... 07 378 3895 or 07 376 0098 Sexually masturbating creating sexual excitement by stroking or rubbing New Plymouth ...... Freephone 0508 739 432 the genitals Wanganui ...... 06 348 1234 ext8334 Dannevirke/Palmerston North/Levin ....06 350 8602 mucous membrane lining of passages in the body Preventing Sexually Masterton ...... 06 370 5020 oral sex stimulating male or female genitals with a Lower Hutt/ Porirua/Wellington ...... 04 385 9879 partner’s mouth/tongue Transmissible Infections South Island penis male sex organ that becomes hard and erect when aroused; also used for urinating Nelson ...... 03 546 5255 pessaries tablets inserted into the vagina for local treatment Blenheim ...... 03 578 3044 Greymouth/West Coast ...... 03 768 0499 ext2751 pubic hair hair around genitals Christchurch ...... 03 364 0485 STIs rectum last part of the canal that takes waste materials Ashburton ...... 03 307 8453 to the anus Timaru ...... 03 687 2100 or 03 684 4000 ext87 rimming stimulating anal area with mouth/tongue Wanaka ...... 03 443 1226 semen fl uid that spurts out of the penis when a male Queenstown...... 03 441 0500 ejaculates (comes) Dunedin ...... 03 470 9780 BYO condom Always use a condom • No condom No sex • sexual fl uids semen in male and normal vaginal discharges in Invercargill/Gore ...... 03 214 5768 or 0800 742 546 female • Your general practice sexual intercourse penis taken into partner’s vagina or anus • Family Planning – look under F in the phone book sheath another name for a condom sperm produced in the testes (balls) of the male to fertilise • Student health service – if you are a student the female’s egg • AIDS hotline – Freephone 0800 802 437 (for information on urethra tube that carries urine out of the body; in males HIV/AIDS). In Auckland telephone 358 0099 also carries semen • Occupational health nurse (if you work in large industry) urine waste fl uid passed from the body (water, pee, • Herpes Helpline – 0508 111 213 mimi) vagina passage in female that connects the womb with the outside vaginal sex penis of male taken into vagina of female This resource is available from www.healthed.govt.nz or the Authorised Provider at your local DHB. New Zealand. Revised June 2017. 03/2019. Code HE7002

and sexual health clinics and pharmacies. and clinics health sexual and

You can get safer sex oral dams from some Family Planning Planning Family some from dams oral sex safer get can You

through doctors’ prescriptions. doctors’ through

Check with your pharmacist. your with Check

pharmacies, Family Planning and sexual health clinics, and and clinics, health sexual and Planning Family pharmacies,

applied to the vagina or penis may affect the safety of condoms. condoms. of safety the affect may penis or vagina the to applied

You can get condoms from supermarkets, service stations, stations, service supermarkets, from condoms get can You

They are an option if you are allergic to latex. Some medications medications Some latex. to allergic are you if option an are They

control tests. control

Polyurethane condoms for male and female use are available. available. are use female and male for condoms Polyurethane

All condoms available in New Zealand must pass quality quality pass must Zealand New in available condoms All

The right size is less likely to slip off or split. or off slip to likely less is size right The

jelly, oils or body lotion – these weaken the rubber. the weaken these – lotion body or oils jelly,

t. t. fi comfortable a for sizes different in available are Condoms

, petroleum petroleum , • Use a water-based lube. Don’t use Vaseline use Don’t lube. water-based a Use •

®

sperm when the man ejaculates (comes). ejaculates man the when sperm

• Check expiry or use-by date before use. before date use-by or expiry Check •

ts over the penis to catch catch to penis the over ts fi which sheath rubber a is condom A

• Keep away from sunlight. from away Keep •

Condoms

• Store in a cool, dry place and keep away from heat. from away keep and place dry cool, a in Store •

sexual partner. sexual

Look after your condoms your after Look

• pain during sexual intercourse. sexual during pain •

Being safer sexually means discussing safer sex with your your with sex safer discussing means sexually safer Being

• pain or frequency in passing urine passing in frequency or pain •

your sexual behaviour. sexual your

rubbish.

• lower abdominal pain abdominal lower • Alcohol and drugs can stop you making clear decisions about about decisions clear making you stop can drugs and Alcohol

tissue or toilet paper. Put it in the the in it Put paper. toilet or tissue

• urethral discharge urethral • the higher your risk of getting an STI. an getting of risk your higher the condom from the penis and wrap it in in it wrap and penis the from condom

The more sexual partners you have without using condoms, condoms, using without have you partners sexual more The base of the penis. Remove the used used the Remove penis. the of base • unusual vaginal discharge vaginal unusual •

spilt by holding the condom onto the the onto condom the holding by spilt

condom or oral dam might not prevent this. prevent not might dam oral or condom health clinic. Symptons include: Symptons clinic. health

withdrawing, prevent semen from being being from semen prevent withdrawing,

Some STIs are transmitted by skin-to-skin contact, and a a and contact, skin-to-skin by transmitted are STIs Some

If you think you may have an STI, see your doctor or sexual sexual or doctor your see STI, an have may you think you If

4

• After ejaculating (coming) and when when and (coming) ejaculating After •

your partner from most STIs. most from partner your

Early treatment of STI. of treatment Early can damage condoms. damage can

• Oil-based lubricants such as Vaseline as such lubricants Oil-based •

® Condoms can protect you and and you protect can Condoms

Top Gel)to the condom. the Gel)to Top need condoms to protect against STIs. against protect to condoms need

(eg, K-Y (eg, or or Sylk Stuff, Wet Jelly,

neither partner has been or is having sex with anyone else, you you else, anyone with sex having is or been has partner neither

® ®

getting tested. getting

• Apply a water-based lubricant water-based a Apply • you are in an established relationship with one partner, where where partner, one with relationship established an in are you

Talk to your doctor or someone at a sexual health clinic about about clinic health sexual a at someone or doctor your to Talk

nurse, Family Planning or local sexual health clinic. Unless Unless clinic. health sexual local or Planning Family nurse, 3 gure 3). gure (fi base the to down way the all

• body massage. body • If any of these reasons apply to you, talk to your doctor, practice practice doctor, your to talk you, to apply reasons these of any If condom and roll it onto the hard penis, penis, hard the onto it roll and condom

• Continue pinching the top of the the of top the pinching Continue • and petting and gets angry and abuses or leaves them. leaves or abuses and angry gets

• kissing, licking, stroking, rubbing, cuddling, hugging hugging cuddling, rubbing, stroking, licking, kissing, • • are afraid to talk about using condoms in case their partner partner their case in condoms using about talk to afraid are • gure 2). gure (fi easily down rolls it if up

rolling it down a little. It’s the right way way right the It’s little. a down it rolling • masturbating by yourself or with a partner a with or yourself by masturbating • be overcome with practice) with overcome be

by pinching the top of the condom and and condom the of top the pinching by

• are scared of losing an erection (if this is a problem, it can can it problem, a is this (if erection an losing of scared are •

each other’s only partner only other’s each

gure 1). Do this Do 1). gure (fi up way right the is

have both been tested for STIs and you are sure you are are you sure are you and STIs for tested been both have testing)

2 with the penis, check that the condom condom the that check penis, the with

• having one sexual partner and using condoms until you you until condoms using and partner sexual one having • • think their partner is safe (in fact, no one can tell without without tell can one no fact, (in safe is partner their think •

• Before the condom comes into contact contact into comes condom the Before •

partner, every time every partner, • see condoms as a barrier to intimacy to barrier a as condoms see •

rings and teeth can tear the condom. the tear can teeth and rings

pharmacist) during vaginal, oral, or anal sex with every every with sex anal or oral, vaginal, during pharmacist)

• are drunk or stoned and have less control less have and stoned or drunk are •

• Open the packet carefully. Fingernails, Fingernails, carefully. packet the Open •

• using condoms or an oral dam (a latex square – ask your your ask – square latex (a dam oral an or condoms using •

• are persuaded to have sex when they’re not expecting to expecting not they’re when sex have to persuaded are • hasn’t expired. hasn’t

Safer sex can include: can sex Safer the condom away and use one that that one use and away condom the prescription)

packet. If this date has passed, throw throw passed, has date this If packet.

nd them too expensive (you can get them cheaper on on cheaper them get can (you expensive too them nd fi •

1

• Check the expiry date on the condom condom the on date expiry the Check •

• feel awkward about buying or carrying them carrying or buying about awkward feel • yourself.

. sex have you time each condom lubricated and

• showing concern and respect for your sexual partners and and partners sexual your for respect and concern showing • People don’t use condoms because they: because condoms use don’t People

Use a new a Use anus. or mouth vagina, partner’s the touches it before

• planning and talking with sexual partners sexual with talking and planning •

To help protect against STIs, cover the penis with the condom condom the with penis the cover STIs, against protect help To them from getting an STI. an getting from them

between sexual partners. These fl These partners. sexual between uids may carry STIs. carry may uids

condoms properly condoms • using a condom to stop blood or sexual fl sexual or blood stop to condom a using • uids passing passing uids condoms can help protect protect help can condoms

Getting it on – using using – on it Getting Being safer sexually can mean: can sexually safer Being Most people know that that know people Most

Glossary some words used in this leafl et More information you may want to know more about To fi nd out more or to make an appointment if you think you may have an STI, contact any of the following: abdominal of or to do with the abdomen (tummy) North Island anal sex penis inserted into partner’s anus (sodomy) Whangarei ...... 09 438 6123 anus opening (arsehole) through which solid waste Auckland Central ...... 09 630 9770 (faeces, poo) passes from the body 0800 739 432 bladder where urine (pee or mimi) is stored North Shore ...... 09 443 9580 blood test sample of blood (usually from the arm) checked 0800 739 432 to detect possible disease South Auckland ...... 09 255 5172 0800 739 432 cervical of the neck of the womb Being West Auckland ...... 09 836 0838 condom rubber sheath that fi ts over the penis 0800 739 432 discharge watery or thicker fl uid dripping from the body Hamilton ...... 07 839 8732 (women have a normal vaginal discharge – any Tokoroa ...... 07 886 7239 change in this needs to be checked out.) Tauranga ...... 07 579 8157 ejaculation release of semen from penis when erect or stiff Whakatane ...... 07 306 0804 Safer (coming) Rotorua ...... 07 349 7918 genitals parts of reproductive system on the outside of the Gisborne ...... 06 868 9005 body Napier/Hastings...... 0800 303 099 infertility not being able to make babies 027 703 7391 or 06 834 1518 ext4240 lubricant substance that makes things slippery Taupo ...... 07 378 3895 or 07 376 0098 Sexually masturbating creating sexual excitement by stroking or rubbing New Plymouth ...... Freephone 0508 739 432 the genitals Wanganui ...... 06 348 1234 ext8334 Dannevirke/Palmerston North/Levin ....06 350 8602 mucous membrane lining of passages in the body Preventing Sexually Masterton ...... 06 370 5020 oral sex stimulating male or female genitals with a Lower Hutt/ Porirua/Wellington ...... 04 385 9879 partner’s mouth/tongue Transmissible Infections South Island penis male sex organ that becomes hard and erect when aroused; also used for urinating Nelson ...... 03 546 5255 pessaries tablets inserted into the vagina for local treatment Blenheim ...... 03 578 3044 Greymouth/West Coast ...... 03 768 0499 ext2751 pubic hair hair around genitals Christchurch ...... 03 364 0485 STIs rectum last part of the canal that takes waste materials Ashburton ...... 03 307 8453 to the anus Timaru ...... 03 687 2100 or 03 684 4000 ext87 rimming stimulating anal area with mouth/tongue Wanaka ...... 03 443 1226 semen fl uid that spurts out of the penis when a male Queenstown...... 03 441 0500 ejaculates (comes) Dunedin ...... 03 470 9780 Always use a condom • No condom No sex • BYO condom sexual fl uids semen in male and normal vaginal discharges in Invercargill/Gore ...... 03 214 5768 or 0800 742 546 female • Your general practice sexual intercourse penis taken into partner’s vagina or anus • Family Planning – look under F in the phone book sheath another name for a condom sperm produced in the testes (balls) of the male to fertilise • Student health service – if you are a student the female’s egg • AIDS hotline – Freephone 0800 802 437 (for information on urethra tube that carries urine out of the body; in males HIV/AIDS). In Auckland telephone 358 0099 also carries semen • Occupational health nurse (if you work in large industry) urine waste fl uid passed from the body (water, pee, • Herpes Helpline – 0508 111 213 mimi) vagina passage in female that connects the womb with the outside vaginal sex penis of male taken into vagina of female This resource is available from www.healthed.govt.nz or the Authorised Provider at your local DHB. New Zealand. Revised June 2017. 03/2019. Code HE7002

03/2019. Code Code 03/2019. HE7002

New Zealand. Revised June 2017. 2017. June Revised Zealand. New and sexual health clinics and pharmacies. and clinics health sexual and

or the Authorised Provider at your local DHB. local your at Provider Authorised the or You can get safer sex oral dams from some Family Planning Planning Family some from dams oral sex safer get can You

This resource is available from www.healthed.govt.nz www.healthed.govt.nz from available is resource This vaginal sex penis of male taken into vagina of female of vagina into taken male of penis sex vaginal

through doctors’ prescriptions. doctors’ through

the outside the Check with your pharmacist. your with Check

pharmacies, Family Planning and sexual health clinics, and and clinics, health sexual and Planning Family pharmacies,

passage in female that connects the womb with with womb the connects that female in passage vagina

applied to the vagina or penis may affect the safety of condoms. condoms. of safety the affect may penis or vagina the to applied

You can get condoms from supermarkets, service stations, stations, service supermarkets, from condoms get can You

mimi) They are an option if you are allergic to latex. Some medications medications Some latex. to allergic are you if option an are They

• Herpes Helpline – 0508 111 213 111 0508 – Helpline Herpes • control tests. control

uid passed from the body (water, pee, pee, (water, body the from passed uid fl waste urine Polyurethane condoms for male and female use are available. available. are use female and male for condoms Polyurethane

All condoms available in New Zealand must pass quality quality pass must Zealand New in available condoms All

• Occupational health nurse (if you work in large industry) large in work you (if nurse health Occupational • also carries semen carries also

The right size is less likely to slip off or split. or off slip to likely less is size right The

tube that carries urine out of the body; in males males in body; the of out urine carries that tube urethra jelly, oils or body lotion – these weaken the rubber. the weaken these – lotion body or oils jelly,

HIV/AIDS). In Auckland telephone 358 0099 358 telephone Auckland In HIV/AIDS).

t. t. fi comfortable a for sizes different in available are Condoms

the female’s egg female’s the , petroleum petroleum , • Use a water-based lube. Don’t use Vaseline use Don’t lube. water-based a Use • • AIDS hotline – Freephone 0800 802 437 (for information on on information (for 437 802 0800 Freephone – hotline AIDS •

®

sperm when the man ejaculates (comes). ejaculates man the when sperm produced in the testes (balls) of the male to fertilise fertilise to male the of (balls) testes the in produced sperm

• Student health service – if you are a student a are you if – service health Student • • Check expiry or use-by date before use. before date use-by or expiry Check •

ts over the penis to catch catch to penis the over ts fi which sheath rubber a is condom A

another name for a condom a for name another sheath

• Family Planning – look under F in the phone book phone the in F under look – Planning Family • • Keep away from sunlight. from away Keep •

sexual intercourse penis taken into partner’s vagina or anus or vagina partner’s into taken penis intercourse sexual

Condoms

• Your general practice general Your •

• Store in a cool, dry place and keep away from heat. from away keep and place dry cool, a in Store •

female

uids semen in male and normal vaginal discharges in in discharges vaginal normal and male in semen uids fl sexual Invercargill/Gore ...... 03 214 5768 or 0800 742 546 742 0800 or 5768 214 ...... 03 Invercargill/Gore

sexual partner. sexual Look after your condoms your after Look

• pain during sexual intercourse. sexual during pain •

Always useacondom•Nosex BYOcondom 9780 470 ...... 03 Dunedin ejaculates (comes) ejaculates Being safer sexually means discussing safer sex with your your with sex safer discussing means sexually safer Being

Queenstown...... 03 441 0500 441 Queenstown...... 03 uid that spurts out of the penis when a male male a when penis the of out spurts that uid fl semen

• pain or frequency in passing urine passing in frequency or pain •

your sexual behaviour. sexual your

Wanaka ...... 03 443 1226 443 ...... 03 Wanaka rubbish.

stimulating anal area with mouth/tongue mouth/tongue with area anal stimulating rimming

• lower abdominal pain abdominal lower •

Alcohol and drugs can stop you making clear decisions about about decisions clear making you stop can drugs and Alcohol

Timaru ...... 03 687 2100 or 03 684 4000 ext87 4000 684 03 or 2100 687 03 ...... Timaru

tissue or toilet paper. Put it in the the in it Put paper. toilet or tissue

to the anus the to

• urethral discharge urethral • Ashburton ...... 03 307 8453 307 ...... 03 Ashburton

the higher your risk of getting an STI. an getting of risk your higher the condom from the penis and wrap it in in it wrap and penis the from condom last part of the canal that takes waste materials materials waste takes that canal the of part last rectum

STIs

Christchurch ...... 03 364 0485 364 ...... 03 Christchurch The more sexual partners you have without using condoms, condoms, using without have you partners sexual more The

base of the penis. Remove the used used the Remove penis. the of base • unusual vaginal discharge vaginal unusual •

pubic hair hair around genitals around hair hair pubic

Greymouth/West Coast ...... 03 768 0499 ext2751 0499 768 ...... 03 Coast Greymouth/West

spilt by holding the condom onto the the onto condom the holding by spilt

condom or oral dam might not prevent this. prevent not might dam oral or condom health clinic. Symptons include: Symptons clinic. health

tablets inserted into the vagina for local treatment treatment local for vagina the into inserted tablets pessaries

Blenheim ...... 03 578 3044 578 ...... 03 Blenheim

withdrawing, prevent semen from being being from semen prevent withdrawing,

Some STIs are transmitted by skin-to-skin contact, and a a and contact, skin-to-skin by transmitted are STIs Some

If you think you may have an STI, see your doctor or sexual sexual or doctor your see STI, an have may you think you If

4 aroused; also used for urinating for used also aroused; Nelson ...... 03 546 5255 546 ...... 03 Nelson

• After ejaculating (coming) and when when and (coming) ejaculating After •

male sex organ that becomes hard and erect when when erect and hard becomes that organ sex male penis

your partner from most STIs. most from partner your South Island South Early treatment of STI. of treatment Early

can damage condoms. damage can

Transmissible Infections Transmissible

partner’s mouth/tongue partner’s

Lower Hutt/ Porirua/Wellington ...... 04 385 9879 385 ...... 04 Porirua/Wellington Hutt/ Lower

• Oil-based lubricants such as Vaseline as such lubricants Oil-based •

stimulating male or female genitals with a a with genitals female or male stimulating sex oral

® Condoms can protect you and and you protect can Condoms

Masterton ...... 06 370 5020 370 ...... 06 Masterton

Top Gel)to the condom. the Gel)to Top mucous membrane lining of passages in the body the in passages of lining membrane mucous need condoms to protect against STIs. against protect to condoms need Preventing Sexually Sexually Preventing

Dannevirke/Palmerston North/Levin ....06 350 8602 350 ....06 North/Levin Dannevirke/Palmerston

(eg, K-Y (eg,

or or Sylk Stuff, Wet Jelly,

neither partner has been or is having sex with anyone else, you you else, anyone with sex having is or been has partner neither

the genitals the

® ®

Wanganui ...... 06 348 1234 ext8334 1234 348 ...... 06 Wanganui

getting tested. getting

• Apply a water-based lubricant water-based a Apply • creating sexual excitement by stroking or rubbing rubbing or stroking by excitement sexual creating masturbating you are in an established relationship with one partner, where where partner, one with relationship established an in are you

New Plymouth ...... Freephone 0508 739 432 739 0508 ...... Freephone Plymouth New

Sexually about clinic health sexual a at someone or doctor your to Talk

nurse, Family Planning or local sexual health clinic. Unless Unless clinic. health sexual local or Planning Family nurse, lubricant substance that makes things slippery slippery things makes that substance lubricant 3 gure 3). gure (fi base the to down way the all Taupo ...... 07 378 3895 or 07 376 0098 376 07 or 3895 378 ...... 07 Taupo

• body massage. body • If any of these reasons apply to you, talk to your doctor, practice practice doctor, your to talk you, to apply reasons these of any If

condom and roll it onto the hard penis, penis, hard the onto it roll and condom infertility not being able to make babies make to able being not infertility 027 703 7391 or 06 834 1518 ext4240 1518 834 06 or 7391 703 027

• Continue pinching the top of the the of top the pinching Continue • Napier/Hastings...... 0800 303 099 303 Napier/Hastings...... 0800 and petting and gets angry and abuses or leaves them. leaves or abuses and angry gets body

Gisborne ...... 06 868 9005 868 ...... 06 Gisborne parts of reproductive system on the outside of the the of outside the on system reproductive of parts genitals • kissing, licking, stroking, rubbing, cuddling, hugging hugging cuddling, rubbing, stroking, licking, kissing, • • are afraid to talk about using condoms in case their partner partner their case in condoms using about talk to afraid are • gure 2). gure (fi easily down rolls it if up

Rotorua ...... 07 349 7918 349 ...... 07 Rotorua

(coming) rolling it down a little. It’s the right way way right the It’s little. a down it rolling

• masturbating by yourself or with a partner a with or yourself by masturbating •

be overcome with practice) with overcome be

Safer 0804 306 ...... 07 Whakatane

ejaculation release of semen from penis when erect or stiff stiff or erect when penis from semen of release ejaculation

by pinching the top of the condom and and condom the of top the pinching by

• are scared of losing an erection (if this is a problem, it can can it problem, a is this (if erection an losing of scared are •

each other’s only partner only other’s each Tauranga ...... 07 579 8157 579 ...... 07 Tauranga

change in this needs to be checked out.) checked be to needs this in change

gure 1). Do this Do 1). gure (fi up way right the is

have both been tested for STIs and you are sure you are are you sure are you and STIs for tested been both have testing)

Tokoroa ...... 07 886 7239 886 ...... 07 Tokoroa

(women have a normal vaginal discharge – any any – discharge vaginal normal a have (women

2

with the penis, check that the condom condom the that check penis, the with

• having one sexual partner and using condoms until you you until condoms using and partner sexual one having • • think their partner is safe (in fact, no one can tell without without tell can one no fact, (in safe is partner their think • Hamilton ...... 07 839 8732 839 ...... 07 Hamilton

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South Auckland ...... 09 255 5172 255 ...... 09 Auckland South hasn’t expired. hasn’t

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North Shore ...... 09 443 9580 443 ...... 09 Shore North

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Being safer sexually can mean: Most people know that Getting it on – using Glossary some words used in this leafl et More information • using a condom to stop blood or sexual fl uids passing condoms can help protect condoms properly you may want to know more about To fi nd out more or to make an appointment if you think you may between sexual partners. These fl uids may carry STIs. them from getting an STI. have an STI, contact any of the following: • planning and talking with sexual partners To help protect against STIs, cover the penis with the condom abdominal of or to do with the abdomen (tummy) North Island before it touches the partner’s vagina, mouth or anus. Use a new • showing concern and respect for your sexual partners and People don’t use condoms because they: and lubricated condom each time you have sex. anal sex penis inserted into partner’s anus (sodomy) Whangarei ...... 09 438 6123 yourself. • feel awkward about buying or carrying them anus opening (arsehole) through which solid waste Auckland Central ...... 09 630 9770 • Check the expiry date on the condom 1 (faeces, poo) passes from the body 0800 739 432 • fi nd them too expensive (you can get them cheaper on packet. If this date has passed, throw bladder where urine (pee or mimi) is stored North Shore ...... 09 443 9580 Safer sex can include: prescription) the condom away and use one that blood test sample of blood (usually from the arm) checked 0800 739 432 • are persuaded to have sex when they’re not expecting to hasn’t expired. South Auckland ...... 09 255 5172 • using condoms or an oral dam (a latex square – ask your to detect possible disease • Open the packet carefully. Fingernails, 0800 739 432 pharmacist) during vaginal, oral, or anal sex with every • are drunk or stoned and have less control cervical of the neck of the womb Being rings and teeth can tear the condom. West Auckland ...... 09 836 0838 partner, every time • see condoms as a barrier to intimacy condom rubber sheath that fi ts over the penis 0800 739 432 • Before the condom comes into contact • think their partner is safe (in fact, no one can tell without discharge watery or thicker fl uid dripping from the body Hamilton ...... 07 839 8732 • having one sexual partner and using condoms until you with the penis, check that the condom have both been tested for STIs and you are sure you are testing) 2 (women have a normal vaginal discharge – any Tokoroa ...... 07 886 7239 is the right way up (fi gure 1). Do this change in this needs to be checked out.) each other’s only partner • are scared of losing an erection (if this is a problem, it can Tauranga ...... 07 579 8157 by pinching the top of the condom and ejaculation release of semen from penis when erect or stiff Whakatane ...... 07 306 0804 Safer • masturbating by yourself or with a partner be overcome with practice) rolling it down a little. It’s the right way (coming) Rotorua ...... 07 349 7918 • kissing, licking, stroking, rubbing, cuddling, hugging • are afraid to talk about using condoms in case their partner up if it rolls down easily (fi gure 2). genitals parts of reproductive system on the outside of the Gisborne ...... 06 868 9005 and petting gets angry and abuses or leaves them. • Continue pinching the top of the body Napier/Hastings...... 0800 303 099 • body massage. If any of these reasons apply to you, talk to your doctor, practice condom and roll it onto the hard penis, infertility not being able to make babies 027 703 7391 or 06 834 1518 ext4240 Taupo ...... 07 378 3895 or 07 376 0098 Talk to your doctor or someone at a sexual health clinic about nurse, Family Planning or local sexual health clinic. Unless all the way down to the base (fi gure 3). 3 lubricant substance that makes things slippery Sexually New Plymouth ...... Freephone 0508 739 432 getting tested. you are in an established relationship with one partner, where • Apply a water-based lubricant masturbating creating sexual excitement by stroking or rubbing neither partner has been or is having sex with anyone else, you (eg, K-Y® Jelly, Wet Stuff, Sylk® or the genitals Wanganui ...... 06 348 1234 ext8334 Dannevirke/Palmerston North/Levin ....06 350 8602 need condoms to protect against STIs. Top Gel)to the condom. mucous membrane lining of passages in the body Preventing Sexually Condoms can protect you and Masterton ...... 06 370 5020 • Oil-based lubricants such as Vaseline® oral sex stimulating male or female genitals with a Lower Hutt/ Porirua/Wellington ...... 04 385 9879 partner’s mouth/tongue Transmissible Infections your partner from most STIs. Early treatment of STI. can damage condoms. South Island • After ejaculating (coming) and when penis male sex organ that becomes hard and erect when aroused; also used for urinating Nelson ...... 03 546 5255 Some STIs are transmitted by skin-to-skin contact, and a If you think you may have an STI, see your doctor or sexual withdrawing, prevent semen from being 4 health clinic. Symptons include: pessaries tablets inserted into the vagina for local treatment Blenheim ...... 03 578 3044 condom or oral dam might not prevent this. spilt by holding the condom onto the Greymouth/West Coast ...... 03 768 0499 ext2751 pubic hair hair around genitals The more sexual partners you have without using condoms, • unusual vaginal discharge base of the penis. Remove the used Christchurch ...... 03 364 0485 STIs the higher your risk of getting an STI. • urethral discharge condom from the penis and wrap it in rectum last part of the canal that takes waste materials Ashburton ...... 03 307 8453 to the anus Alcohol and drugs can stop you making clear decisions about tissue or toilet paper. Put it in the Timaru ...... 03 687 2100 or 03 684 4000 ext87 • lower abdominal pain rimming stimulating anal area with mouth/tongue your sexual behaviour. rubbish. Wanaka ...... 03 443 1226 • pain or frequency in passing urine semen fl uid that spurts out of the penis when a male Queenstown...... 03 441 0500 Being safer sexually means discussing safer sex with your ejaculates (comes) • pain during sexual intercourse. Dunedin ...... 03 470 9780 Always use a condom • No condom No sex • BYO condom sexual partner. Look after your condoms sexual fl uids semen in male and normal vaginal discharges in Invercargill/Gore ...... 03 214 5768 or 0800 742 546 female • Store in a cool, dry place and keep away from heat. • Your general practice Condoms sexual intercourse penis taken into partner’s vagina or anus • Keep away from sunlight. • Family Planning – look under F in the phone book A condom is a rubber sheath which fi ts over the penis to catch sheath another name for a condom • Check expiry or use-by date before use. • Student health service – if you are a student sperm when the man ejaculates (comes). sperm produced in the testes (balls) of the male to fertilise • Use a water-based lube. Don’t use Vaseline®, petroleum the female’s egg • AIDS hotline – Freephone 0800 802 437 (for information on Condoms are available in different sizes for a comfortable fi t. jelly, oils or body lotion – these weaken the rubber. HIV/AIDS). 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Glossary some words used in this leafl et More information you may want to know more about To fi nd out more or to make an appointment if you think you may have an STI, contact any of the following: abdominal of or to do with the abdomen (tummy) North Island anal sex penis inserted into partner’s anus (sodomy) Whangarei ...... 09 438 6123 anus opening (arsehole) through which solid waste Auckland Central ...... 09 630 9770 (faeces, poo) passes from the body 0800 739 432 bladder where urine (pee or mimi) is stored North Shore ...... 09 443 9580 blood test sample of blood (usually from the arm) checked 0800 739 432 to detect possible disease South Auckland ...... 09 255 5172 0800 739 432 cervical of the neck of the womb Being West Auckland ...... 09 836 0838 condom rubber sheath that fi ts over the penis 0800 739 432 discharge watery or thicker fl uid dripping from the body Hamilton ...... 07 839 8732 (women have a normal vaginal discharge – any Tokoroa ...... 07 886 7239 change in this needs to be checked out.) Tauranga ...... 07 579 8157 ejaculation release of semen from penis when erect or stiff Whakatane ...... 07 306 0804 Safer (coming) Rotorua ...... 07 349 7918 genitals parts of reproductive system on the outside of the Gisborne ...... 06 868 9005 body Napier/Hastings...... 0800 303 099 infertility not being able to make babies 027 703 7391 or 06 834 1518 ext4240 lubricant substance that makes things slippery Taupo ...... 07 378 3895 or 07 376 0098 Sexually masturbating creating sexual excitement by stroking or rubbing New Plymouth ...... Freephone 0508 739 432 the genitals Wanganui ...... 06 348 1234 ext8334 Dannevirke/Palmerston North/Levin ....06 350 8602 mucous membrane lining of passages in the body Preventing Sexually Masterton ...... 06 370 5020 oral sex stimulating male or female genitals with a Lower Hutt/ Porirua/Wellington ...... 04 385 9879 partner’s mouth/tongue Transmissible Infections South Island penis male sex organ that becomes hard and erect when aroused; also used for urinating Nelson ...... 03 546 5255 pessaries tablets inserted into the vagina for local treatment Blenheim ...... 03 578 3044 Greymouth/West Coast ...... 03 768 0499 ext2751 pubic hair hair around genitals Christchurch ...... 03 364 0485 STIs rectum last part of the canal that takes waste materials Ashburton ...... 03 307 8453 to the anus Timaru ...... 03 687 2100 or 03 684 4000 ext87 rimming stimulating anal area with mouth/tongue Wanaka ...... 03 443 1226 semen fl uid that spurts out of the penis when a male Queenstown...... 03 441 0500 ejaculates (comes) Dunedin ...... 03 470 9780 Always use a condom • No sex BYO sexual fl uids semen in male and normal vaginal discharges in Invercargill/Gore ...... 03 214 5768 or 0800 742 546 female • Your general practice sexual intercourse penis taken into partner’s vagina or anus • Family Planning – look under F in the phone book sheath another name for a condom sperm produced in the testes (balls) of the male to fertilise • Student health service – if you are a student the female’s egg • AIDS hotline – Freephone 0800 802 437 (for information on urethra tube that carries urine out of the body; in males HIV/AIDS). In Auckland telephone 358 0099 also carries semen • Occupational health nurse (if you work in large industry) urine waste fl uid passed from the body (water, pee, • Herpes Helpline – 0508 111 213 mimi) vagina passage in female that connects the womb with the outside vaginal sex penis of male taken into vagina of female This resource is available from www.healthed.govt.nz or the Authorised Provider at your local DHB. New Zealand. Revised June 2017. 03/2019. Code HE7002 Sexual Health STI Chart These infections either affect the genital area or can be passed on through sexual contact. Disease How you get it Symptoms Treatment Partners Diseases that are transmitted sexually

Chlamydia By having vaginal or anal sex without a Women often have no symptoms or may Antibiotics. Recent sexual partners need treatment. Bacterial infection of genitals, can lead condom with someone who has the have pain with sexual intercourse, lower Don’t have sex until 7 days after starting to pelvic infl ammatory disease (PID) in infection; from mother to baby (eye and abdominal pain, changes in bleeding treatment and until sexual contacts have women and infertility in men and chest infections). pattern. Men may have no symptoms or been treated. women. may have watery or thick discharge from penis, pain on urinating.

Gonorrhoea By having vaginal, anal or oral sex without Women usually have no symptoms, but Antibiotics. Sexual partners must be tested and treated Bacterial infection of genitals, throat or a condom with someone who has the may have pain with sex, vaginal if positive. Avoid sex until 7 days after anus, can lead to infertility particularly infection; from mother-to-baby (eye discharge, lower abdominal pain. Men treatment is completed. Condoms provide in women. infections). may have no symptoms or discharge some protection, but not total. from penis, discharge from anus, pain in testicles, pain on urinating. By having vaginal, anal or oral sex Painless ulcer (chancre) usually on Antibiotics with follow-up blood tests. Sexual partners must be tested and Bacterial infection entering the body without a condom with someone who genitals; later swollen glands, rash, hair treated if positive. Current health through breaks in skin or linings of the has the infection; from mother-to-baby loss. regulations advise no sex until you are genital area; over time, goes on to damage across placenta during cleared. internal organs (heart, brain, spinal cord). (congenital syphilis).

Genital warts HPV transmitted by direct skin-to-skin Fleshy or fl at lumps on or around Visible warts can be treated, but the Condoms provide some protection, but Human papillomavirus (HPV) contact, usually during sex; from mother- genitals, anus, groin or thigh. infection cannot be cured. On 1 January not total. causes fl eshy or fl at lumps – may to-baby. Sometimes no identifi able source 2017, HPV immunisation became free for be present even if not visible. of . everyone, male and female, aged 9 to 26, including non-residents under the age of 18. Discuss vaccination with your health professional. Close skin contact with someone with Painful, red blisters, little sores or ulcers, Anti-herpes drugs and pain relief can be Partners may or may not catch herpes. virus causes skin the virus; from mother-to-baby. fl u-like symptoms, and sometimes a given to treat symptoms, but the infection Do not have sex when open sores are infection usually on mouth and lips (cold discharge. cannot be cured. Some may need present. Condoms provide some, but not sores) or on genitals. medication to prevent further outbreaks. complete, protection.

Non-specifi c urethritis (NSU) Can be caused by or by Women usually have no symptoms. Men Antibiotics. Partners need to be examined and treated. Infections that cause infl ammation of bacteria, viruses or other organisms. have discharge from the penis, pain on the urethra. urinating, but sometimes there are no symptoms.

Trichomoniasis During sexual intercourse with an Women may have no symptoms, but Antibiotic tablets and/or vaginal Treat with antibiotics to avoid re- Trichomonas vaginalis, a small parasitic infected person. there may be a yellowy-green frothy pessaries. infection. Don’t have sex until 7 days organism, causes irritation in the vagina vaginal discharge. Men usually have no after starting treatment and until sexual in women and can cause an irritation symptoms. contacts have been treated. inside the penis in men. Diseases that can be transmitted sexually or may be transmitted in other ways Mainly through contaminated food or Often no symptoms, or may have mild Immunisation for prevention. Good Immunisation for prevention and avoid Viral infection which affects the liver. water or not hand-washing after toilet, fl u-like illness, or vomiting, abdominal hygiene and hand-washing. Avoid alcohol anal sexual practices until recovered. before food etc. Can be through anal sex pain, dark urine and yellowing of skin and drugs. Eat a well-balanced low-fat and oral-to-anal contact (rimming). and whites of eyes. diet.

Hepatitis B By having vaginal, anal or oral sex without May have no symptoms or mild fl u-like Rest, exercise and avoid alcohol, drugs Always use a condom if partner is not Viral infection which affects the liver. a condom with someone who has the illness or vomiting, abdominal pain, dark and smoking. Eat a well-balanced low- immunised. Protection is offered to babies infection; from mother-to-baby. By urine and yellowing of skin and whites fat diet. Check any prescribed or over- on the immunisation schedule and to sharing needles, syringes, toothbrushes, of the eyes. the-counter medicines are safe to take. children under 16 years. Free razors and unsterilised instruments that immunisation is available for household pierce the skin. Blood transfusion in and sexual contacts. countries that do not pre-test blood for transfusion.

Hepatitis C After contact with infected blood or by Often no symptoms or may have mild, Rest, exercise and avoid alcohol, drugs Sexual and needle-sharing partners can Viral infection which affects the liver. sharing needles and syringes or possibly fl u-like illness or vomiting, abdominal and smoking. Eat a well-balanced low- have a blood test to check for Hep C through sexual contact. Blood transfusion pain, dark urine and yellowing of skin fat diet. antibodies. in countries that do not pre-test blood and whites of eyes. for transfusion.

HIV HIV is transmitted through blood, semen Usually no obvious symptoms for many No immunisation or cure available, Practise safer sex to prevent transmission. Human Immunodefi ciency Virus attacks and vaginal fl uids, sharing needles and years. although some secondary infections can be Partners should ask for an HIV test. the white blood cells and causes damage from mother-to-baby. Blood transfusion treated or prevented. Keeping well for longer to the immune system so that it can be in countries that do not pre-test blood is possible with good care. Women with diffi cult to fi ght off infections. for transfusion. HIV/AIDS need a cervical smear yearly.

Pelvic infl ammatory disease Usually by having vaginal sex without a Pain during sex, sore abdomen or back, Antibiotics and rest. Need to check for STIs and be treated to (PID) condom with someone who has heavy, irregular or painful periods, avoid reinfection. No sex until treatment An infection of the womb and fallopian gonorrhoea or chlamydia. spotting, high temperature, feeling sick; is completed and until sexual contacts tubes that can cause infertility. sometimes no symptoms. have been treated. Pubic lice – crabs By close body contact, usually during sex Intense itching in the pubic area, small Special shampoo, cream or spray applied Treat partners of the last 3 months in Small lice that live in the pubic hair and with an infected person. Can be spread nits (eggs) on pubic hair. to pubic area. Wash all clothing and bed same way at the same time. cause irritation. via infected bedding and clothing. linen.

Scabies By close body contact, sometimes during Itching, worse at night, and a rash on Special lotion, cream or ointment. Wash Treat partners of the last 3 months in Small mites that burrow into the skin sex. Can be spread by sharing clothes or the body. all clothing and bed linen. same way at the same time. cause irritation. bedding.

Infections that are not sexually transmitted but can affect the genital area Thrush or candidiasis Yeast overgrowth may occur when Women have vaginal or vulval itching Creams and pessaries for local treatment. Need treatment only if showing Irritation of mucous membranes from a antibiotics are used, during pregnancy, and a thick, whitish vaginal discharge. Anti-fungal tablets may be given in severe symptoms. yeast organism. It can occur in or around with diabetes, or when immunity is Men have itching and may have a red cases. Salt water baths for men are usually the vagina, and on the tip of the penis. lowered. It can occur after sex, but also rash on the head of the penis or a effective. without sex. discharge under the foreskin.

Cystitis Bacteria from around the anus getting Burning sensation when urinating, needing Antibiotics after urine test if symptoms Bacteria cause infl ammation of the into the urethra and bladder, not to urinate urgently and more often than last longer than a day, drink plenty of bladder lining; can spread to kidneys emptying the bladder properly. Much usual, cloudy, bloodstained or smelly urine, water, use pain relief and urine alkalisers, and cause damage to kidney function. more common in women than men. aching in lower abdomen or back. (eg, Ural®, Citravesent®).

Bacterial vaginosis It may be brought on by anything that Greyish white, smelly vaginal discharge. Oral tablets and/or vaginal pessaries. If the control of the normal bacteria in changes the balance in the vagina, eg, a healthy vagina fails, an overgrowth of new sexual partners, increased sexual certain bacteria can occur. The activity. acid/alkaline balance is upset and irritation results.