DOCSLIB.ORG

Study on Suitability of Groundwater for Irrigation Purpose in Parambikulam Aliyar Project Area, India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Study on Suitability of Groundwater for Irrigation Purpose in Parambikulam Aliyar Project Area, India Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences Vol. 46 (05), May 2017, pp. 1052-1060 Study on suitability of groundwater for irrigation purpose in Parambikulam Aliyar project area, India Elangovan K & Rani R Department of Civil Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore 641 004, India [E-Mail: [email protected] ; [email protected]] Received 01 June 2015 ; revised 19 June 2015 Forty samples were taken within the study area and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters. Observed values of the Hydrochemical parameters of the samples were further analyzed for the groundwater quality assessment based on the Irrigation Standards. Suitability of groundwater was assessed for irrigation suitability based on the parameters pH, TDS, 2+ 2+ + + - 2- - - - 2- TH, PI , MR, KI, RSC , SAR, Na%, EC, Ca , Mg , Na , K , and like HCO3 , CO3 , Cl , NO2 +NO3 and SO4 . Karl Pearson‟s correlation method was used to find out the relationship between these variables. Major hydro chemical facies were identified using Piper trilinear diagram. Results revealed that there are significant positive and negative correlations between the variables. EC has significant positive correlations between Mg2+, Na+, Cl- and TDS. [Keywords: Groundwater, Quality, Hydro-chemical parameters, Multivariate Analysis, Irrigation] Introduction carried out to study the characteristics of hydro Global environment is changing chemical parameters to assess the quality of continuously due to unfavorable alterations of the ground water according to the irrigation standards surroundings wholly as a bye product of man‟s in Parambikulam Aliyar area. actions through direct or indirect effect of changes in energy pattern, radiation levels, chemical and Materials and Methods physical constitution of organisms1. Groundwater The study area of Parambikulam Aliyar is located is mainly used for drinking, irrigation and in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India industrial purpose. The dependability on between the latitudes of 10o 10‟ 00”N to 10o 57‟ groundwater has reached high in recent decades 20”N and the longitudes of 76o 43‟ 20”E to 77o due to reasons such as unreliable supplies from 12‟ 30”E (Figure-1) with an area of 2389sqkm. It the surface water due to vagaries of monsoon, consists of 8 interlinked reservoirs (6 at the hills increase in demand for domestic, agricultural and and 2 at plains). industrial purpose2. Understanding the aquifer hydraulic properties and hydro chemical characteristics of water is crucial for groundwater planning and management3. Assessment of groundwater quality status is important for the development of society and protection of environment. Chemical composition of groundwater is related to the solid product of rock weathering and changes with respect to time and space4. Therefore, the variation on the concentration levels of the different hydro geochemical constituents dissolved in water determines its usefulness for domestic, industrial and agricultural purposes5. Present study was INDIAN J. MAR. SCI., VOL .46, NO. 05, MAY 2017 1053 It is one of the interstate projects sharing water, according to the irrigation standards as per IS based on the agreement carried out between the 2296:1992. All the results were imported to SPSS two states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala6. In this 17 software for further multivariate analysis like area, the surface water is being supplied to only Maximum (Max), Minimum (Min), Mean, 50% of the command area in a year. In alternate Median, Mode, Range, Standard deviation (SD) to the surface water, the groundwater utilization is and Correlation coefficient (r). Correlation more during non-supply period. Hence it is analysis is a bivariate method that describes the necessary to evaluate the groundwater quality due degree of relationship between two variables 9. In to overexploitation of groundwater. This area is order to confirm the relationship among the covered by denudation, fluvial landforms and parameters Karl Pearson‟s correlation method was structural hills –Anamalai hills at the southern used. The Correlation coefficient „r‟ is calculated part. Rainfall and temperature ranges from 1591 by the formula, o 7 to 4364 mm and 13.78 to 35.65 C respectively . N xy ( x)( y) The depth of well within the study area ranges r from 5 to 25m and average thickness of weathered [N x2 ( x)2 ][N y2( y)2 ] mantle is 10m. Parambikulam and Aliyar river basin comprises mainly of crystalline rocks of Archaean Where, age. Charnokites form the major rock type of the basin followed by the granites, granitic gneisses, N = No of Pairs of Scores dunites, limestones, quartzite basic and ultra basic intrusive of pegmaties and quaternery veins. xy = Sum of the products of paired Charnockites and associated migmatites occupy a scores major part of the area. The Anamalai hill ranges are composed of charnockites and their x = Sum of x scores magmatised equivalents. y = Sum of y scores Granites intruded into the older gneisses and charnockites, and have undergone x 2 =sum of squared x metamorphism and metasomatism. They occupy mostly small mounds or linear domes in the area. Hornblende–biotite gneisses occupy the central y 2 =Sum of squared y scores and northern portion of the basin area. Intrusions The sign of correlation coefficient of pegmatites and quartz veins are observed all determines whether the correlation is positive or over the area, traversing the country rock in all negative. The magnitude of correlation coefficient directions. Extensive cover of laterite occurs over determines the strength of the correlation. the western part of the area. Thickness of laterites According to Evans methodology (1985) seldom exceeds 15m. correlation strength was categorized as very weak Within the study area totally 40 (0.00-0.19), weak (0.20-0.39), moderate (0.40- groundwater samples were collected during the 0.59), strong (0.60-0.79) and very strong (0.80- February 2012 using clear acid washed polythene 1.00). bottles and analysis were done using standard Results and Discussion procedures8. The samples were analyzed for the following parameters like pH, Total dissolved Groundwater quality is an important solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Permeability parameter in determining its suitability for Index (PI), Magnesium Ratio (MR), Kelly‟s Index particular use such as drinking, domestic, (KI), Sodium Percent (Na%), Electrical agricultural and industrial purposes. Irrigation Conductivity (EC), Sodium Adsorption Ratio water quality is important for successful crop (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), production. Poor quality of the irrigation water cations like Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), + + may affect crop yields and soil physical Sodium (Na ), Potassium (K ) and anions like 10 - 2- conditions . Statistical measures of the chemical Bicarbonate (HCO3 ), Carbonate (CO3 ), Chloride - - - parameters were analyzed for the 40 groundwater (Cl ), Nitrate & Nitrite (NO2 &NO3 ) and Sulphate 2- samples (Table 1). (SO4 ). Suitable parameters were evaluated 1054 ELANGOVAN et al : SUITABILITY OF GROUNDWATER FOR IRRIGATION Table-1 Statistical Parameters of physical and chemical parameters of Groundwater samples in the study area No Parameters Min Max Mean Median Mode SD Range 1. EC 470.00 6030.00 1448.75 1040.00 740.00 1087.59 5560.00 2. pH 7.80 9.20 8.42 8.40 8.60 0.33 1.40 3. TDS 265.00 3327.00 846.45 626.00 265.00 652.13 3062.00 4. TH 60.00 1750.00 418.63 275.00 195.00 342.63 1690.00 5. PI 20.10 96.58 58.90 59.69 N/A 16.02 76.48 6. MR 7.25 78.75 46.22 47.11 N/A 16.21 71.50 7. KI 0.20 8.11 1.41 0.98 N/A 1.38 7.90 8. Na% 10.98 82.92 40.75 39.24 10.98 15.04 71.94 9. SAR 0.64 9.97 3.11 2.45 0.64 2.02 9.33 10. RSC 0.01 3.43 0.94 0.78 0.15 0.82 3.41 11. Ca2+ 12.00 328.00 67.80 42.00 38.00 62.43 316.00 12. Mg2+ 0.70 328.00 60.62 38.88 39.00 60.58 321.00 13. Na+ 30.00 506.00 136.65 102.50 74.00 107.74 476.00 14. K+ 1.00 266.00 25.53 9.50 8.00 47.32 265.00 - 15. HCO3 85.00 464.00 223.42 197.06 159.00 101.59 379.00 2- 16. CO3 0.00 66.00 18.52 15.00 18.00 17.64 66.00 17. Cl- 35.00 1914.00 282.78 129.50 60.00 357.67 1879.00 - - 18. NO2 +NO3 1.00 84.00 13.35 6.00 2.00 15.79 83.00 2- 19. SO4 10.00 1104.00 80.35 34.00 29.00 171.96 1094.00 20. F- 0.03 1.73 0.69 0.76 12.00 0.45 1.70 EC is a measurement of total salts can be attributed to decrease in the water volume dissolved in samples, the most significant water and increase in rate of evaporation of water11. quality standard on crop productivity. Results The concentrations of Ca2+, Mg 2+, K+ and Na+ revealed that EC value ranges from 470 to ranged from 12 to 328, 0.70 to 328, 1 to 266 and 6030µs/cm with a mean value of 1448.75µs/cm. 30 to 506 mg/l with mean values of 67.8, 60.62, The primary effect of high EC water on crop 25.53 and 136.65 mg/l, respectively. The - productivity was the failure of the plant to concentrations of the anions indicate that HCO3 2- - 2- + , - compete with ions in the soil solution for water. ,CO3 , Cl , SO4 and NO2 NO3 ranged from 85 The higher the EC, the lesser the water available to 464,0 to 66, 35 to 1914, 10 to 1104 and 1 to 84 to plants, even though the soil may show wet, mg/l with mean values of 223.42,18.52, 282.78, because plants can only transpire "pure" water; 80.35 and 13.35 mg/l, respectively.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES 2 July 2002 Dear Mr. Kaarthikeyan, I
    UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL CABINET PU SECRETAIRE GENERAL Rm. S-3840A - Tel. (212) 963-5495 -- FAX (212) 963-1185 2 July 2002 Dear Mr. Kaarthikeyan, I write in reply to your recent letter to the Secretary-General in which you invite him to deliver a message of advice, greetings and blessings at the World Congress on Global Vision and Strategies for Peace, Non-Violence and Harmony that will be held from August 10th to August 14th in Aliyar. I trust you will understand that the intense pressure on the Secretary-General's schedule prevents him from making a special statement. Nonetheless, I should like to send you a copy of the message the Secretary-General delivered on occasion of the "Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World." You may wish to read or print an excerpt of this message, which is relevant to the theme of your meeting. On behalf of the Secretary-General, I should like to extend his thanks to you, and his best wishes for the success of your congress. Yours sincerely, Gillian Martin Sorensen Assistant Secretary-General for External Relations Mr. D.R. Kaarthikeyan Co-Chairman Organizing Committee Cl-1, Humayun Road, New Delhi 110 003, INDIA UNITED NATIONS WSff NATIONS UNIES THE SECRETARY-GENERAL MESSAGE ON THE INTERNATIONAL DECADE FOR THE CULTURE OF PEACE AND NON-VIOLENCE FOR THE CHILDREN OF THE WORLD The International Decade for the Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World is an invitation to the entire international community to come together in the struggle for peace.
    [Show full text]
  • 124.VALPARAI Assembly Constituency Part.No Polling Polling Areas Whether for All Station Location and Name of Building in Which Voters Or Men Only No
    COIMBATORE DISTRICT 21 POLLACHI PARLIMENTARY CONSTITUENCY 124.VALPARAI Assembly Constituency Part.No Polling Polling Areas Whether for All station Location and name of building in which Voters or Men only No. Polling Station located or Women only 1.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Mondimakaliamman kovil Panchayt Union Elementary School ,Eastern street w.no 1 , 2.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) North Street 1 1 Building, North Room, Facing West. W.No.2 , 3.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Ramar Kovil ALL VOTERS ,pethanaickanur-642134 Street W.No.2 , 5.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Tank Street W.No.3 , 4.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Uppukinnar Street W.No.3, 6.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) School Street , Panchayt Union Elementary School ,Eastern 7.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Madurai Veeran Kovil 2 2 Building, South Room, Facing West. ALL VOTERS Street 4 , 8.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Rice Mill Street ,pethanaickanur-642134 Ward no 3 , 9.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Main Street W.No.3 Panchayat Union Elementary School ,Main 1.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Doctor colony w.no 3 , 3 3 Building. North Wing, Western Side, South 2.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Gandhi Nagar W.No 3 , ALL VOTERS Facing. ,Pethanaickanur-642134 3.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Rajendrapuram 1 , 4.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Mettucolony W.No 4 , Panchayat Union Elementary School ,South 4 4 5.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Anna Nagar W.No 4 , ALL VOTERS Side, North Facing. ,Pethanaickanur-642134 6.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Thottathusalaigal W.No 1 Panchayt Union Middle School ,Main building 1.Pethanaickanur (R.V) and (P) Kengampalayam W.No 1 5 5 ALL VOTERS facing East,Tiled ,Gengampalayam 1.Somandurai (R.V) and (P) Madurai Veeran Kovil Street W.No.1 , 2.Somandurai (R.V) and (P) N.S.K.
    [Show full text]
  • DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT for GRAVEL and BRICK EARTH COIMBATORE DISTRICT Page Chapter Content No
    DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT FOR GRAVEL AND BRICK EARTH COIMBATORE DISTRICT (Prepared as per Gazette Notification S.O.3611 (E) Dated 25.07.2018 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change MoEF& CC) MAY 2019 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT FOR GRAVEL AND BRICK EARTH COIMBATORE DISTRICT Page Chapter Content No. 1. Introduction 1 2. Overview of Mining Activity in the District 4 3. General Profile of the District 4 4. Geology of the District 8 5. Drainage of Irrigation pattern 11 6. Land Utilisation Pattern in the District: Forest, Agricultural, 13 Horticultural, Mining etc., 7. Surface Water and Ground Water scenario of the District 15 8. Rainfall of the District and Climatic conditions 16 9. a) Occurrence of Gravel and Brick Earth in the Coimbatore District 16 b) Details of the mining/quarry leases in the District as per the following 17 format Details of Seigniorage feeReceived in last three years (2016-17 to 2018- 10. 18 19) 11. Details of Production in last three years (2016-17 to 2018-19) 18 12. Mineral map of the District 19 List of Letter of Intent (LOI) Holders in the District along with its 13. 20 validity as per the following format 14. Total mineral reserves available in the District 20 15. Quality/ Grade of Mineral available in the District 20 16. Use of Mineral 21 17. Demand and supply of the Mineral in the last three years 21 18. Mining leases marked on the Map of the District 22 Details of the area of where there is a cluster of Mining Leases 19.
    [Show full text]
  • Name Address
    NEWS 1. Rev.M.SAM JAYAKUMAR CONSECREATED AS A DIOCESAN BISHOP FOR COIMBATORE DISTRICT 2. REV.A.G.SOUNDARRAJAN CONSECREATED AS A DIOCESAN BISHOP FOR SALEM DISTRICT. 3. REV.DR.P.NEESAN APPOINTED AS A STATE PRESIDENT. 4. RT.REV.DR.J.LAWRANCE GUNASEKARAN APPOINTED AS AN INTL- MISSION DIOCESE DIRECTOR. 5. Rt. REV.SAM S.PETER APPOINTED AS SYNOD GENERAL SECRETARY. 6. Rev. Dr. R. Samuel Raj, Consecreated as a Coimbatore city Bishop & Bishop College Secretary 7. Rev. Dr. I.P Baskaran, Coimbatore City Associated general Bishop ORDAINED REVEREND Reg No, NAME ADDRESS 1 REV. CANON.SAM S. PETER NO1/14 SHANMUGAPURAM EXTENSION 9894548055 VIII TH STREET,THIUVOTTIYUR,CHENNAI PIN:6000019. 2 REV.DR., P.K.SAM SUNDAR NO13A/2 IYYAPILLAI GARDEN, 9444309337 1 STREET,KALADIPETTAI,THIRUVOTTIYUR CHENNAI-600019. 3 REV.D.THIRIPURASUNDARI NO1/14 SHANMUGAPURAM EXTENSION 9566240903 VIII TH STREET,THIUVOTTIYUR,CHENNAI PIN:6000019. 4 EVA.V.SIGAMANI N0:55,BAJANAI KOIL STREET, PERIYAKAVANAM,PONNERI. PIN:601204. 5 REV.M.SIGAMANI N0:486 ANNAI THERASA STREET, 9789554771 PERIYAR NAGAR,ARANVOYAL P.O. THIRUVALLUR DIST, PIN:602025. 6 REV.DR.P.NEESAN NO: PALAYAKARA STREET, 8428690088 PERIYAPALAYAM, UTHUKOTTAI T.K.THIRUVALLUR DIST, PIN:601102. 7 REV.DR.,I.MERZ RETHNAPAUL NO:4/54 SELAS,KATTARY,P.O. 9443575224 COONOOR MAIN ROAD, COONOOR,NILIGIRI DISTRICT, PIN:643213. 8 REV.T.ALAGESAN NO:5/839 VALLUVAR NAGAR, OTTUPATTARAI,COONOOR,NILIGIRI. PIN:643105. 9 REV.A.SURESHKUMAR NO:41DARLINGTON BRIDGE, COONOOR, NILIGIRI DIST., PIN:643101 10 REV.K.RAMESH DAVID NO:7/32A.JOTHI NAGAR, 9626342296 ELLANALLI,COONOOR T.K, NILIGIRI DISTRICT, PIN:643101 11 EVA.K.RANI NO:16/A TENTHILL,COONOOLR, NILIGIRI DISTRICT, PIN:643102 12 REV.S.PREAM KUMAR NO:11/350 PRAGASAPURAM 9842878216 KETTY P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribes of the Anamalais
    NCF Technical Report No. 16 TRIBES OF THE ANAMALAIS LIVELIHOOD AND RESOURCE‐USE PATTERNS OF MANISH CHANDI COMMUNITIES IN THE RAINFORESTS OF THE INDIRA GANDHI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY AND VALPARAI PLATEAU TRIBES OF THE ANAMALAIS LIVELIHOOD AND RESOURCE‐USE PATTERNS OF COMMUNITIES IN THE RAINFORESTS OF THE INDIRA GANDHI WILDLIFE ANCTUARY AND ALPARAI PLATEAU S V ANISH HANDI M C 3076/5, IV Cross, Gokulam Park , Mysore 570 002, INDIA Web: www.ncf‐india.org; E‐mail: ncf@ncf‐india.org Tel.: +91 821 2515601; Fax +91 821 2513822 Chandi, M. 2008. Tribes of the Anamalais: livelihood and resource-use patterns of communities in the rainforests of the Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and Valparai plateau. NCF Technical Report No. 16, Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore. Cover photographs (Photos by the author) Front cover: View of Kallarkudi, a Kadar settlement in the Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary, as seen from Udumanparai. Back cover: Thangaraj and his family processing coffee berries at Nedungkundru, a Kadar settlement (left) and Srinivasan from Koomati, a Malai Malasar settlement, demonstrating climbing a tree pegged earlier for honey collection (right). CONTENTS Acknowledgements 1 Summary 2 1. Background 3 2. Identity and Change 10 3. Livelihood and Resource Use 36 4. Infrastructure and Demography 56 5. Conclusions 65 6. References and Readings 72 7. Annexures 77 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I had just returned from the Andaman Islands when during the course of a conversation over lunch Janaki asked if I knew anybody who would be interested in profiling indigenous communities in the Anamalais. I had only fleetingly heard of this region though I was keen to know more.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Work Guidelines 15.11.2010
    REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO PAP ON 13.08.2010 REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO PARAMBIKULAM ALIYAR PROJECT (PAP) on 13 - 8 - 2010 by III. B. E. Civil Engineering (2008 – 2012 batch) Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology Pollachi – 642 003. Page 1 of 20 REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO PAP ON 13.08.2010 Page 2 of 20 REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO PAP ON 13.08.2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION:....................................................................................................................................3 2 AIM OF THE PROJECT:........................................................................................................................3 3 RESERVOIRS...........................................................................................................................................3 3.1 UPPER NIRAR WEIR:- ....................................................................................................................................... 3 3.2 LOWER NIRAR DAM:-........................................................................................................................................ 3 3.3 SHOLAYAR RESERVOIR:-................................................................................................................................. 3 3.4 ANAMALAYAR DIVERSION WORK:- ................................................................................................................. 3 3.5 PARAMBIKULAM RESERVIOR :-.....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article SPATIAL and TEMPORAL VARIABILITY of PRECIPITATION CONCENTRATION INDEX (PCI) and RAINFALL TREND for PARAMBIKULAMALIYAR BASIN AREA TAMIL NADU
    International Journal of Agriculture Sciences ISSN: 0975-3710 & E-ISSN: 0975-9107, Volume 10, Issue 12, 2018, pp.-6451-6454. Available online at https://www.bioinfopublication.org/jouarchive.php?opt=&jouid=BPJ0000217 Research Article SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF PRECIPITATION CONCENTRATION INDEX (PCI) AND RAINFALL TREND FOR PARAMBIKULAMALIYAR BASIN AREA TAMIL NADU SATHYA L.* AND SANTHANABOSU S. Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, College and Research Institute, Tiruchirappalli, 621712, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding Author: Email- [email protected] Received: June 19, 2018; Revised: June 25, 2018; Accepted: June 26, 2018; Published: June 30, 2018 Abstract: This paper presents the trend in the annual rainfall and its distribution over Parambikulam Aliyar basin of Tamil Nadu determined using 30 years (1988-2008) monthly rainfall data at 28 rain-gauge stations. The trend analysis was done by using Mann-Kendall test. The results indicated increasing trends in annual rainfall. The mean Precipitation Concentration Index of Valaiyar sub basin and Palar sub basin indicates strongly irregular monthly distribution of annual rainfall. The mean Precipitation Concentration Index of Aliyar sub basin and Sholaiyar sub basin indicates irrugular monthly distribution of annual rainfall. The temporal pattern of rainfall trends analyzed in this study is a basic and important requirement for agricultural planning and management of water resources. Keywords: Precipitation Concentration Index, Parambikulam Aliyar basin, Monthly distribution, Mann Kendal Analysis Citation: Sathya L. and Santhanabosu S. (2018) Spatial and Temporal Variability of Precipitation Concentration Index (Pci) and Rainfall Trend for Parambikulam Aliyar Basin Area Tamil Nadu. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, ISSN: 0975-3710 & E-ISSN: 0975-9107, Volume 10, Issue 12, pp.- 6451-6454.
    [Show full text]
  • New Letter-August-17-Final
    NEWS LETTER NEWS LETTER Free Circulation Vol. 4 Issue : 1 shows that it is more closely related to the sheep. Its close relative is Himalayan Tahr . Nilgiri ss tahr is distributed in Upper Nilgiris, Coimbatore Division, Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Kodaikanal ii Wildlife sanctuary, Theni Forest Division, Srivilliputhur Grizzled squirrel wildlife sanctuary and laa Kanyakumari Forest Division in Tamil Nadu and Eravikulam National park, Chinnar Wildlife aal sanctuary of Kerala. It inhabits the open montane grasslands and recent observations reveals that they are also found in dry habitats of Amaravathi and Udumalpet ranges and in between mmAnamalai Tiger Conservation Foundation rd th a 3 and 9 hairpin bend along the Aliyar-Valparai Road. ATR has second largest population of a n Tamil Nadu Trust, Pollachi. Nilgiri Tahr in Tamil Nadu after Mukuruthi National park. AAn A large Cycas Tree located A big Cycas circinalis tree was located at Vellimudi, Ulandy range by Thiru V. Ganesan I.F.S., Field Director, ATR and his team during his field visit on 11th December 2016. This plant belongs to the family Cycadaceae and it is endemic to India. C circinalis is a palm like evergreen plant belonging to Gymnosperm group of plants found in the tropical forests. It is a medium sized suckering plant growing up to 3-5 meters tall. They have not undergone much change right from its origin during Mesozoic Era and hence it is considered as living fossil. It is a dioecious plant. It takes nearly 10 years for the plant to reach sexual maturity. Cycas trees are threatened worldwide and all species in this family are listed in IUCN Red list.
    [Show full text]
  • Present Status of the Water Quality Parameters of the Aliyar Dam, Pollachi, Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu
    International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences TM ISSN: 2321-3272 (Print), ISSN: 2230-7605 (Online) IJPBSTM | Volume 8 | Issue 3 | JUL-SEPT | 2018 | 1012-1024 Research Article | Biological Sciences | Open Access | MCI Approved| |UGC Approved Journal | PRESENT STATUS OF THE WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS OF THE ALIYAR DAM, POLLACHI, COIMBATORE DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU C. Karthik* and M. Lekshmanaswamy PG and Research Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Coimbatore – 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India. *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT In the present study, the water samples were collected from three different locations of Aliyar Dam, Pollachi Taluk, Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India for physico-chemical analysis. The laboratory tests of the collected water samples were carried out for the analysis of various parameters such as temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity, Suspended Solids, Dissolved Solids, Total Solids, Total Alkalinity, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Fluoride, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphate, Phosphate, Chloride, Nitrate, Iron and Carbonates. The methods employed for analysis as per standard methods recommended by APHA, WHO. The results obtained were compared with BIS standards and the parameters showing slight variations than standards that affects the water quality. These variations may be influenced by sample locations, time of sampling and activities carried out around the dam. Hence, it is recommended that the water can be used for drinking purposes with proper treatment and regular water quality monitoring. KEY WORDS Aliyar dam, APHA, BIS, drinking, irrigation, physico-chemical parameters and water quality INTRODUCTION cooling and heating), (iv) agricultural purposes Water is essential source and basis for survival of all (irrigation) and (v) Power production (hydro power and living organisms.
    [Show full text]
  • ALIYAR SUB BASIN INDEX Sl.No
    I AM WARM PROJECT ALIYAR SUB BASIN INDEX Sl.No. Description of Item Pages 1 Executive Summary 2 to 37 2 Introduction 38 to 43 3 Scope of the Project 44 to 48 4 Hydrology 49 to 59 5 Hydraulics of the Component 60 to 69 6 Command Area and Water Users Association 70 to 75 7 Designs 76 to 79 8 Project Proposals 8.1. Water Resources Organisation 80 to 89 8.2. Agricultural Engineering Department 90 to 105 8.3. Agricultural Marketing & Agri. Business 106 to 143 8.4. Agricultural Department 144 to 173 8.5. Animal Husbandry Department 174 to 205 8.6. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University 206 to 227 8.7. Horticultural Department 228 to 252 8.8. Fisheries Department 253 to 258 8.9. Environmental Cells 259 to 271 9. Project Cost 272 to 273 10. Financial Programme 273 to 275 11. Economic Analysis 276 to 278 12. Annexure I – Maps 279 13. Annexure II – Photos 280 14. Annexure III – WUA Representation 281 15. Annexure IV – Map showing the Line 282 Department Activities 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 Executive Summary Introduction The Parambikulam Aliyar Project is an interstate Water Resources Development project carried out jointly by the states of Tamilnadu and Kerala . The objective of the development is harnessing th e waters of the Bharathapuzha, the Chalakudi and the Periyar basins for irrigation and power production in both the states. It accomplishes the diversion and integration of eight west flowing rivers, six in the Anaimalai hills and two in the plains for t he benefit of the drought prone areas in the Coimbatore and Erode districts of Tamilnadu state and Palghat District of Kerala State.
    [Show full text]
  • Temporal Variation of Rainfall Trends in Parambikulam Aliyar Sub Basin, Tamil Nadu R
    International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology Citation: IJAEB: 8(1): 37-48 March 2015 DOI Number: 10.5958/2230-732X.2015.00005.4 ©2015 New Delhi Publishers. All rights reserved AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING 5 (OK) Temporal variation of rainfall trends in parambikulam aliyar sub basin, Tamil Nadu R. Vinoth Kumar1* and I. Muthuchamy2 1,2*Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Coimbatore – 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Paper No. 289 Received: 18 November 2014 Accepted: 10 February 2014 Published: 24 April 2015 ABSTRACT Identification of temporal variation of rainfall trends provides useful information for sustainable planning and management of water resources in a river basin particularly during flood and drought periods. The present study was conducted to determine trends in the annual and seasonal total rainfall over Parambikulam Aliyar sub basin of Tamil Nadu using 30 years (1982-2012) monthly rainfall data at eight rain-gauge stations. The procedure is based on the nonparametric Mann-Kendall test for the trend and the nonparametric Sen’s method for the magnitude of the trend. The maximum increase in rainfall was found at Chinnakallar with an annual rainfall of 90.51 mm/year and the maximum reduction in rainfall of -8.60 mm/year was found at Topslip during South West monsoon. Significant positive trend were observed at Weaverly station during North East monsoon rainfall series and significant negative trend has been noticed in the South West monsoon of Topslip. Highlights • Positive trends were observed in most of the rain-gauge stations for all rainfall series except South West monsoon season.
    [Show full text]
  • Macaca Silenus) in Annamalai Hills, Western Ghats, Southern India
    ISSN: 2688-3856 Research Article JOJ Wildl Biodivers Copyright © All rights are reserved by Moorthi Mahaly Volume 2 Issue 4- July 2020 Population structure and Food preference of Lion-tailed Macaques (Macaca silenus) in Annamalai Hills, Western Ghats, Southern India Ravichandran Srimathi and Moorthi Mahaly* Department of Zoology and Wildlife Biology, AVC College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tamil Nadu, India Submission: June 02, 2020; Published: July 31, 2020 *Corresponding author: Bharathidasan University) Mayiladuthurai –609 305, Tamil Nadu, India Moorthi Mahaly, Research Department of Zoology and Wildlife Biology, AVC College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Abstract The Lion-tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus), endemic to the evergreen forests of the Western Ghats in Southern India, is endangered. The present study focuses on population and food preference of Lion-tailed Macaque (LTM) in the Anaimalai Hills, Western Ghats. The tropical rainforest of Anaimalai Hills, State of Tamil Nadu was surveyed in April-2018 to May-2018. The surveyed Regions (R) of Anaimalai Hills such as R1-Puthuthotam Estate (PT), R2-Kavarkal Estate (KE), R3-Wayverlay Estate (WE), R4-Water Falls Estate (WF) and R5-Attakatti (AK), these all are the major LTM distributed area. The LTM population was estimated by the Buckland and Thomas line transects method and one zero samplings methods were used by (Altmann) to assess the feeding activity. Population estimation in this study obtained a total of 53 sightings of lion-tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus) groups. The estimated number of troops in the region was 34. The estimated minimum population size 21.16 and SD of the population is 5.48.
    [Show full text]