North
American
Caribou
Management
and Research
Review
Report for: Canadian Arctic Resources Committee
Prepared By: Stephanie Lewis Practicum Placement Student 4th Year Environmental Studies Honours Student Carleton University
Table of Contents
Page Title 1 Title Page 2 Table of Contents 3-6 Executive Summary 4 Methodology 5-6 Findings 7 Identification of Caribou Herds and their Location/Caribou Ranges 8 Newfoundland and Labrador/ Quebec Herds 9 Ontario Herds 10 Manitoba Herds 11 Saskatchewan Herds 12 Alberta Herds 13 British Columbia Herds 14 World Ranges Map/ North American Caribou Range Map 15 Circimpolar North Ranges Map 16 Herds in Canada and Alaska Map 17 Caribou Research and Management Bodies in North America: Government Bodies- Government of Canada 18 –19 CARMA COSEWIC Wildlife Management Boards 20 SARA 21-24 International Agreements/Provincial Agreements 25-27 Provincial Government Bodies Responsible for Wildlife Management Government of Newfoundland and Labrador 28 Government of Quebec 29-30 Government of Ontario 31 Government of Manitoba 32 Government of Saskatchewan 33 Government of Alberta 34-39 Government of British Columbia 40 Government of Nunavut 41 Government of the Northwest Territories 42 Government of Yukon 43 State of Alaska 44 Non Governmental Organization and other Information Organizations ‘Being Caribou’ 45 Defenders of Wildlife 46 Mountain Caribou Project 47 Sierra Club Canada 48 Beverly and Qamanirquaq Board 49 Earthroots 50 Wildlands League 51-52 Parks and Wilderness Society 53-54 Wilderness Committee 55 Manitoba Wetlands 56-58 Institute for Environmental Monitoring and Research
2 Executive Summary
This report was created to help the Canadian Arctic Resources Committee in their review of caribou management and research in North America. Management has become crucial for the future survival, health and vitality of caribou herds in North America. The cross-political boundary migration of caribou herd requires the cooperation of Canadian provincial, local, territorial and American government bodies. Agreements and management strategies are extremely important as many caribou herds are now being placed on the Species at Risk List. The role of Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) is invaluable in the fight to protect North American caribou herds. Large organizations including the Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board are playing a large role in the safeguarding of herds that migrate between provincial, territorial and native cultural boundaries.
The cooperation between aboriginal people who traditionally rely on these herds, conservationists, biologists, industry stakeholders, government policy makers and community members is the only way caribou herds will be managed sustainably. All interests must be considered and significant emphasis put on the importance of communication in order for the recovery, protection and management initiatives to be successful. These strategies often call for an interdisciplinary approach, reinforcing the need for communication and sharing of research and knowledge between NGOs, governments, states, scientific researchers and communities that deal directly with these outstanding animals.
This report is intended to play a role in the production of communication as I attempt to bring together research information from all caribou management boards in.
3 Better policy decisions and future management strategies can become more successful through a more expanse
It is essential that caribou herds do not follow the path of the Woodland Caribou
Dawson subspecies that was declared extinct by the Committee on the Status of
Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) in 1984. Significant factors that led to the extinction of this herd previously found on the northwestern part of Graham Island,
British Columbia were speculated to include hunting and the deterioration of habitat due to climate change (SARA, 2008).
The threats to these outstanding animals include habitat destruction and fragmentation, human presence/ developmental disturbance and avoidance; unregulated hunting, diseases and predation. Since these factors are connected with other conservation efforts and regulatory boards, caribou management also involves the participation of industrial forest harvesting companies, hunting registry boards and communities. The most important key elements to determining the various caribou herd statuses and appropriate recovery strategy, involves research, continued monitoring, management and conservation.
Methodology:
My research begins with an identification of the caribou herds and their location in North America. The second section will include the main sources of information categorized by the different groups involved in caribou management and research. The first set of groups includes the Canadian governmental bodies (local, territorial/provincial bodies) involved in research and management. The second group includes the people and
Nongovernmental organizations that are involved with the North American caribou
4 herds. Within each group, I have included what herds they are involved with, any research material, management reports, recovery strategies, periodicals and online sources that have been produced by these groups. These documents are grouped by organization, on the attached memory stick. Important contact information and a brief précis of the information will also be included in each section.
Findings:
The caribou herds in North America have historically been a part of Canadian culture. They are a beautiful species whose importance is often underestimated in today’s commercial society. I was previously unaware of the threats that many caribou herds were facing, often as a result of anthropocentric activities. It is extremely important that research and monitoring continue as the distinct migratory patterns and breeding of this animal make it very vulnerable to disturbances. It is especially critical to focus on herds that are currently Species at Risk. The Woodland caribou in North America is currently listed as ‘Threatened’. The Federal Species at Risk Act is crucial in encouraging the protection and management of the caribou species in Canada. An independent body was made responsible for classifying Canadian species that are at risk. The Committee on the
Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) was established to create reports on the important species in Canada. The documents created are given to the Minister of the Environment, where an official list of species is made by the Governor in Council
(Sararegistry, 2009). This has played a large role in Canada, promoting research and to define objectives for action plans and recovery strategies for caribou herds.
I am grateful for the experience I have gained accomplishing independent research on a species that is intrinsically valuable, and yet often forgotten about by
5 people who are not graced by their presence. I am thankful and have developed a strong appreciation for all the people who have devoted their time and lives to helping keep caribou herds in existence. The more information and communication of knowledge and research that can be accomplished, I believe will help each organization achieve their management and protection initiatives more quickly. There needs to be more government financial support as these organizations are working with a small resource base. The importance of their work should be acknowledged and supported. It has been interesting to compare the different problems and threats that each herd faces and the coordination between groups that has occurred in the conservation efforts that exist. The fact that all of these documents have been made publically accessible is important in the growing need for awareness and support by society.
Reference:
"Species List." Government of Canada Species at Risk Public Registry. 27 Feb. 2009
Species at Risk Act." Species at Risk Public Registry. 28 Feb. 2009 6 Identification of Caribou herds and their location Caribou Ranges: Caribou herds are distributed throughout the northern hemisphere. In the North American context, caribou ranges are located in Newfoundland to the east, the northern regions of Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, the Yukon, Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. Figure 1 shows the broad outline of caribou ranges in existence across North America. The furthest northern range includes Ellesmere Island. The American state of Alaska also has a caribou range. The large migratory pattern of these animals to breeding grounds, especially the Barren- ground caribou, has made cooperative management crucial. These animals are constantly moving, either running attempting to get away from pesky bugs or walking around in search of food. The caribou are able to survive the harsh winter conditions of the north by eating lichen. In the spring, they switch to eating green vegetation. The caribou walk hundreds of kilometers from their taiga grounds to the calving areas in the tundra environment. There are four subspecies of caribou in Canada. They include: - The Woodland caribou - The Peary caribou - The Barren-ground (west of the Mackenzie River) also known as Grant’s caribou - The Barren ground (east o f the Mackenzie River) - Extinct Dawson’s or the Queen Charlotte Islands population of woodland caribou Figure 2 shows these species ranges across North America 7 Newfoundland/Labrador Herds: The woodland caribou are native to Newfoundland and Labrador. They live in the barren lands during the summer and move to mixed forested areas in the winter. The range of these caribou extends from the Newfoundland boreal forests to British Columbia. The George River herd lives in this province and is one of the largest herds in Canada. There are approximately 500 000 caribou. The province created a 2895 km bay Du Nord Wilderness Reserve where woodland caribou breed. There are more than 15 herds on the island. Its natural predator is the wolf, but is also hunted by people in this region. But while the woodland caribou in other regions have been devastated by development of oil, gas and mining, Newfound lands herds have done a lot better. There has been some reduction in this population due to an outbreak of Scandinavian brainworm, which has severely impacted the Avalon herd. Ranges including herds that are currently on the Species at Risk list are: - The Mealy Mountain herd: in the Mealy mountains south of Lake Melville - The Red Wine herd: in the Red Wine mountains, and south of the Churchhill River - The Lac Joesph Herd: In the Lac Joseph area of western Labrador Source: "Caribou." Environmental Assessment - Environment and Conservation. 1 Mar. 2009 "Wildlife at Risk - Environment and Conservation." Environmental Assessment - Environment and Conservation. 1 Mar. 2009 "The EXPLOITS RIVER "Great Canadian Rivers"." Great Canadian Rivers and Salmon Undercurrents. 1 Mar. 2009 Quebec Herds: The two herds that are currently the focus of research done by the government of Quebec include the large migratory caribou herds of George River and the Aux Feuilles river herd. There are currently satellite telemetry migration maps being created as these animals are being tracked using satellite collars. The Woodland- Atlantic- Gaspesie populations are the remnants of the herd from when the European settlers arrived. The current population is estimated to be 140 individuals. Weekly maps are created based on their migratory movements of the collared animals and can be found at: http://www.mrnf.gouv.qc.ca/english/wildlife/maps-caribou/maps.jsp 8 Ontario Herds: The woodland caribou that reside in Northern Ontario are now described as ‘nationally threatened’ (www.northernontario.org, 2009). This population once existed in the western side of Algonquin Park, but their range is now found along the north shore of Lake Superior. These herds have been impacted by human development and habitat and disturbance and alteration (www.northernontario.org, 2009). The Ontario Woodland caribou are listed as threatened (Caribou Nation, 2009). Factors impacting herds and requiring management (Godwin, 2008): - Forest Fires: impact on lichen in critical winter habitat for caribou - Timber Harvesting: requires harvesting techniques that sustain lichen growth, discourages fragmentation and cover in winter habitats - Forest Access Roads: disturbs herds and causes displacement into less preferred areas - Predator Control: through habitat management or local control if caribou management is threatened - Relocation of Caribou: used to supplement populations or establish new ones in historic ranges - Harvest of caribou: unregulated hunting beyond sustainable levels is a problem and requires research of impact of hunting and sport on populations Challenges of keeping northern Ontario herds sustainably in boreal forests (Godwin, 2008): 1. Preventing caribou from being driven out of remaining refugees 2. Preventing development of caribou ranges into environments that favour moose and wolves Abundance Research: Information on the distribution and abundance of caribou in the Hudson Plains Ecozone of Ontario was presented at the Tenth North American Caribou Workshop in 2004 in Alaska. The research carried out involved looking at past aerial, systematic and photographic survey’s from 1950 to 2003, to evaluate the distribution patterns. This research is important because of the proposed and current resource development activities in this area. They recommend more research to be done on current population identity, size and distribution and defining wintering areas, calving areas and movement patterns so that the impacts of development can be minimized. 9 Magoun, Audrey J., Kenneth F. Abraham, John E. Thompson, Juntin C. Ray, Michel E. Gauthier, Glen S. Brown, Gillina Woolmer, Christopher J. Chenier, and F. Neil. Dawson. "Distribution and relative abundance of caribou in the Hudson Plains Ecozone of Ontario." Rangifer 16 (2005): 105- 121. http://www.wcscanada.org/media/file/Rangifer_Magounetal_2005_journal.pdf Reference: "Northern Ontario -Environmental Issues in Northern Ontario ." Northern Ontario - It's a Great Place to Be!. 20 Feb. 2009 Godwin, L.. "Woodland Caribou in Northwestern Ontario: Why are they different." Northwestern Ontario Boreal Forest Management Ministry of Natural Resources. 1 (2008): 1-8. Caribou Nation." Wilderness Committee Education Report Apr. 2005. 14 Feb. 2009 Manitoba Herds The herds in Manitoba include the Woodland boreal caribou. Three populations that inhabit this province are the East Side Wilderness, the Interlake and the Northern Manitoba groups. All three of these are currently listed and threatened (Caribou Nation, 2005). This species gained protected status under Manitoba’s Endangered Species Act (CPAWS, 2009). The East Side Wilderness herd is currently being threatened due to the expansion of logging, gold and diamond mining and a hydro line that would destroy the caribou range. The establishment of the East Side Planning Initiative, a First Nations led Heritage site nomination and Tembec’s logging company agreement with the Wilderness Committee deferred further logging of caribou habitat. The Interlake population is currently the being conserved through the creation of the proposed Manitoba Lowlands National Park, Reports: Brown, Kimberley G.. "Ecology of Woodland Caribou in Central Manitoba: Implicatinos for Forestry Practices." Department of Biology Thesis University of Saskatchewan 1 (2001): 1-111. Location: Main sources of information-> Title: Ecology of Woodland Caribou in Central Manitoba Brown_Kimberley_G._2001.sec_nc_pdf Link: http://library2.usask.ca/theses/available/etd-10302008- 111025/unrestricted/Brown_Kimberley_G._2001.sec_nc_pdf.pdf Information Source: "Manitoba's Threatened Woodland Caribou." Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society Manitoba Chapter. 16 Feb. 2009 10 Caribou Nation." Wilderness Committee Education Report Apr. 2005. 14 Feb. 2009 Saskatchewan herds The caribou herds that are native to Saskatchewan are the woodland and the barren ground caribou. The barren ground caribou usually inhabits the northern end of the province, migrating in and out of Saskatchewan. The woodland caribou lives in the more southern area than the barren ground, but the two ranges do overlap. The caribou in this province are declining due to habitat loss, fragmentation, logging and development. The woodland caribou are dependant upon the forested habitat and the ecosystems that it contains. This places the importance on the conservation of forests and an examination of the impacts on the species. The southern populations are being most impacted as the logging industry as they continue to harvest the forests further and further north. Scientists predict that if conservation and protection measures are not taken, then the caribou would entirely disappear from Saskatchewan within a 100 years. The populations are currently listed as threatened on the National Endangered Species list. The team of people involved in protecting the caribou in this province is the Saskatchewan Woodland Caribou Management Team. This team includes CPAWS Saskatchewan, members representing the government, forest industry, mining industry, First Nations, Metis, trappers, outfitters and conservation groups. Reports: Cundiff, Brad , and Tim Gray. "Grey Ghosts: Can we save the Woodland caribou in Canada's Boreal Forest?." Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society 1 (2003): 1-27. Link: http://www.cpaws-sask.org/common/pdfs/cpaws_report_2004.pdf Location memory stick: Management boards-> CPAWS Title: CPAWS_report_2004 Grey Ghosts Woodland Caribou Thomas, D.C., and D.R. Gray. 2002. Update COSEWIC status report on the woodland caribou Rangifer tarandus caribou in Canada, in COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Woodland Caribou Rangifer tarandus caribou in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1-98 pp. Link:http://www.cpawssask.org/common/pdfs/cosewic_woodland_caribou_report_thom as_Gray_2002.pdf Location: Management Boards-> COSEWIC Canada Title: cosewic_woodland_caribou_report_thomas_Gray_2002 Information Source: "CPAWS SK - Woodland Caribou Species Recovery." CPAWS SK - Home Page. 22 Feb. 2009 11 Alberta Herds There is a diverse collection of herds in Alberta. The major ranges include and the herds that used them include: Range: Bistcho- Caribou Mountains Range: West Central Herds: - Bistcho Herds: - A La Peche - Steen River/ Yates - Little Smokey - Caribou Mountains - Redrock Prairie- Creek - Narraway Range: Chinchaga - Banff Herds: - Chinchaga - Jasper - Hotchkiss - Deadwood Range: CLAWR Range: West Side of the Athabasca Herd: Cold Lake Air Weapons Range River Herds: Wabasca- Dunkirk Range: East Side of Athabasca R. Herds: - Algar Range: Red Earth - Agnes Herd: Red Earth - Wandering - Egg- Pony Range: Richardson - Wiau Herds: - Audet - Bohn - Steepbank - Christina - Firebag Range: Slave Lake Herds: Slave Lake - Nipisi Source: "Alberta Caribou Committee." Alberta Caribou Committee. 11 Mar. 2009 There are two ‘ecotypes’ of woodland caribou in Alberta. The first is the mountain caribou that are found at the foot hills of the Rocky Mountains. The second is the boreal caribou. They live in the north/ northeastern regions of Alberta. The Alberta populations have been decreasing due to an increased level of predation. This could be caused due to resource development that benefits the hunting abilities of species such as wolves and other natural predators. More roads are also being developed in caribou habitat, leading to an increase in vehicle collisions. Forest fires have also been altering their natural habitat. An increase in deer and moose populations may lead to an increase in the wolf population; there will be more of these predators hunting the caribou. Other factors influencing the caribou population include disease, drowning and increased harvesting by humans. 12 Alberta caribou are important to the biotic ecosystems and are a big part of the predator prey relationships in the boreal forests. Caribou take a long time to reproduce and are very sensitive to changes in their habitat. They are very good indicators of when human activities are negatively impacting the environment. Aboriginal people also depend on these animals for subsistence, culture and traditions. Alberta Caribou Committee- http://www.albertacariboucommittee.ca/ Source: "Alberta Caribou Committee." Alberta Caribou Committee. 11 Mar. 2009 Reports/ Journal Articles: McLoughlin, Philip D., David Paetkau, Mary Duda, and Stan Boutin. "Genetic Diversity and relatedness of boreal caribou populations in western Canada." Biological Conservation 118 (2004): 593-598. Location: Main sources of information-> title: Genetic Diversity and relatedness of boreal caribou populations in Western canada Biological%20Conservation%20118%20593-598 British Columbia Herds The herds currently being protected in British Columbia include the Chase, Scott, Wolverine and Takla. All the caribou herds located in the Southern Mountains National Ecological Area are considered threatened by the council on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (Central Caribou.ca, 2009). The ranges of these animals are currently being conserved through the implementation of forest legislation that conserves the winter habitat of the caribou. Recovery Implementation groups and areas currently being focused on by the Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central British Columbia include the North Central BC, the Central Rocky mountains and the Hart and Caribou Mountains. Source: “Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - North-Central RIG Maps." Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Home. 1 Mar. 2009 13 Figure 1 World Caribou Ranges Caribou range Source: National Geographic, 2009 "Caribou, Caribou Profile, Facts, Information, Photos, Pictures, Sounds, Habitats, Reports, News - National Geographic." Animals - Facts, Information, Photos, Pictures, Sounds, Habitats, Reports, News - National Geographic. 8 Feb. 2009 Figure 2- North American Caribou Ranges Source: The Sierra Club Canada http://www.sierraclub.ca/national/programs/biodiversity/wilderness/endangered-species/caribou-nation-chart-04-05.pdf 14 Figure 3 Source: Distribution – “CARMA." home - CARMA. 28 Feb. 2009 15 Source: Government of the Northwest Territories early childhood education http://www.ece.gov.nt.ca/Divisions/kindergarten_g12/Circum%20Polar%20World%20Web%20Copy/CP% 20MAPS/C2Map%20Page%2017%20Caribou%20Herds%20in%20Canada%20and%20Alaska.pdf 16 Caribou Research and Management in North America International: National Organizations: Environment Canada - Species at Risk Act Public Registry: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/default_e.cfm - Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC): http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/eng/sct5/index_e.cfm - Canadian Wildlife Service: http://www.cws- scf.ec.gc.ca/theme.cfm?lang=e&category=12 - Recovery of Nationally Endangered Wildlife (RENEW) program: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/sarredirect/ - Habitat Stewardship Program: http://www.cws-scf.ec.gc.ca/hsp-pih/ - Hinterland Who’s Who: Caribou: http://www.hww.ca/media.asp Source: "Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Who are the Players?." Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Home. 22 Mar. 2009 Government Bodies National Provincial/Territorial The Government of Canada: Environment Canada Website: http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=FD9B0E51-1 - CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Board (CARMA) - National Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) - Federal Species at Risk Act (SARA) The body responsible for caribou management for all of Canada is Environment Canada. They recognize the importance of caribou to the sustainability of the Arctic communities and environment. The importance of these animals as a traditional source of protein in the Arctic plays an important role in the Arctic ecosystem. Caribou are involved with the nutrient cycle in the Arctic because they are the only mammals that has adapted to feeding on lichen. The direct impacts currently threatening Canadian caribou include development and climate change. These changes have altered their activity patterns, their diet and ability to adapt to weather conditions. Imbalances in predator distribution and abundance, change in access to hunters, increased parasites, disease, food sources, changes to snow depth and hardness on winter ranges and availability of food sources on spring ranges are currently impacting the caribou species in Canada. It is 17 important that Canada play a strong role in the conservation of all caribou species and the protection of their habitat. CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network (CARMA):. Concern for the diminishing populations of caribou called for increased monitoring of changes and research on the impacts currently impacting the Canadian caribou. This was the reason for the establishment of the CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network (CARMA). CARMA coordinates protocols, integration, assessment, communications and annual reports with herd data and community monitoring from Russia, Finland, Norway, Iceland, Greenland, Canada and the U.S. The objectives of this program include assess the impacts of global change on the Human- Rangifer Systesms, facilitate 2 years of intensive monitoring, facilitate the exchange of knowledge between users of caribou, create a circumpolar assessment and produce a report, provide results of report to CARMA network with goals and new recommendations. CARMA played an important role in the 2007-2008 International Polar year research and assessment initiatives. CARMA Website: http://www.carmanetwork.com/display/public/home CARMA International Polar Year CARMA proposal: http://classic.ipy.org/development/eoi/details.php?id=505 Contact: Dr Gary Kofinas PO Box 75700 Tel: 907 474 7078 Fairbanks Fax: 907 474 6769 9977507000 USA Email: [email protected] The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) This organization was created in 1977 and has evaluated over 600 species. This independent advisory committee evaluates Canada’s wild species. Private sector, provinvicial, territorial and federal government scientists and conservation representatives are on this committee. They meet twice a year and under the Species at Risk Act in 2003, the Canadian government adds species to the list dependant on the COSEWIC evaluations. Website: http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/eng/sct5/index_e.cfm Wildlife Management Boards (WMB): Website: http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/eng/sct4/sct4_2_e.cfm These boards were established under the land claims agreements in Canada. They provide recommendations on the sustainable use of wildlife resources. Current boards include and cover Nunavut, northern Northwest Territories, the Yukon, parts of Quebec and British Columbia. These management boards create information databases on the wildlife settlements in their region and provide it to COSEWIC . A combined effort 18 between COSEWIC and these boards has incorporated this information to be included in the COSEWIC’s species assessment Process. The Management Boards include are: Gwich’in Renewable Resources Board (GRRB) Nunavut Wildlife Management Board (NWMB) All species in the Gwich’in settlement area. All Species in Nunavut. Chair: Robert Charlie Chairperson: Joe Tigullaraq Executive director: Melody Nice-Paul Director of Wildlife Management: Joe Justus P.O. Box 2240 P.O. Box 1379 105 Veterans' Way Iqaluit NU X0A 0H0 Inuvik NT X0E 0T0 Phone: (867) 975-7300 Phone: (867) 777-6600 Fax: (867) 975-7320 Fax: (867) 777-6601 [email protected] [email protected] Web site: www.nwmb.com Web site: www.grrb.nt.ca Sahtu Renewable Resources Board (SRRB) Wek'eezhii Renewable Resources Board All species in the Sahtu settlement area. All species in the Tlicho settlement area Interim Chair: Paul Latour Mr. Alfonz Nitsiza, Chair Executive director: Jody Snortland Executive Director: Rob Marshall P.O. Box 134 Wildlife Management Biologist: Karin Clark Tulita, NT X0E 0K0 202-5103 51st Street Phone: (867) 588-4040 Yellowknife, NT X1A 2P3 Fax: (867) 588-3324 Phone: (867) 873-5740 [email protected] Fax: (867) 873-5743 Web site: www.srrb.nt.ca [email protected] [email protected] Web site: http://www.wrrb.ca Wildlife Management Advisory Council – North Slope (WMAC-NS) Wildlife Management Advisory Council - All species in North Slope settlement area. Northwest Territories (WMAC-NWT) Chair: Lindsay Staples Birds and terrestrial animals in the Northwest Secretariat: Michelle Christensen Territories portion of the Inuvialuit Settlement P.O. Box 31539 Region. Whitehorse Yukon Y1A 6K8 Chair: Larry Carpenter Phone: (867) 633-5476 Resource Biologist: Bruce Hanbidge Fax: (867) 633-6900 P.O. Box 2120 [email protected] Inuvik, NT X0E 0T0 Web site: www.taiga.net/wmac Phone: (867) 777-2828 Fax: (867) 777-2610 [email protected] Yukon Fish and Wildlife Management Board (YFWMB) Web site: All species in the Yukon except Porcupine Caribou. http://www.jointsecretariat.ca/wmacnwt.html Chair: Don Hutton Executive director: Graham Van Tighem 106 Main Street, 2nd Floor Burns Building P.O. Box 31104 Whitehorse YK Y1A 5P7 Phone: (867) 667-5835 Fax: (867) 393-6947 [email protected] Web site: www.yfwmb.yk.ca/ Source: http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/eng/sct2/Contact_List_e.cfm#wmb 19 Species At Risk Public Registry (SARA): Website: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/default_e.cfm This website links the public with news, information and documents about Canadian Species at risk. This site was created to fulfill the Species at Risk Act requirement that states for the establishment of a public registry to allow access for SARA related documents. The public can review Canada’s strategy, legislation and latest news regarding the protection and recovery of Canada’s species. The following herds and populations are the animals SARA is currently researching. The links provided contain links to reports, recovery strategies, COSEWIC status reports, COSEWIC Assessments, response statements and other committees involved in their management and research: Peary Caribou: - The High Arctic Population: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=133 - Low Arctic Populations: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=145 - Bank Island Populations: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=308 Woodland Caribou: - Atlantic-Gaspesie population: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=144 - Boreal Population: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=636 - Northern Mountain Population: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=637 - Southern Mountain Populations: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=638 Reports: Russell, D and Kofinas, G., 2004. Rangifers Expert Network Monitoring Plan. Supporting publication to the CAFF Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program – Framework Document. CAFF CBMP Report No. 5, CAFF International Secretariat, Akureyri, Iceland. 10 pp. 20 Species At Risk Act Government of Canada. "Part 3 Chapter 29 Species at Risk Act." Canada Gazette- 25.3 (2003): 1-104. This enactment was created to protect Canadian indigenous species of wildlife from becoming extinct, and provide recovery strategies for species that are at risk. Management of other species in Canada is important to prevent them from becoming at risk. The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) is responsible for assessing and identifying the species in Canada that require immediate attention in their current state. They report their assessments to the Minister of the Environment and the Canadian Endangered species Conservation Council. The Governor in Council then adjusts the species at risk list based on these reports. Under this act, the Canadian government demands up to date research and knowledge to create protection strategies. The act also establishes the regulations that will protect the identified species and their habitat and the compensation that might be required. A public registry is also created to make assessment documents available to the public. This Act respects the Aboriginal treaty rights and the authority of the federal and provincial governments. Pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government Of Canada International Agreements: All located in the International Arena Folder 1. An agreement was made on July 17, 1987 between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America on the conservation of the Porcupine herd. This agreement was made because of the migratory nature of the Porcupine Herd, which demands the cooperation between the U.S. and Canada in order to manage and conserve these herds. It focuses on the human use of these caribou and their importance to the cultural and traditional harvesting of the Porcupine Caribou in the Yukon Territory, the Northwest Territories and Alaska. This requires the conservation of habitat that is important for calving, post calving, migration, wintering and insect relief. These countries have agreed to take appropriate action to conserve the Porcupine herd and its habitat. This agreement also called for the creation of an advisory board- the International Porcupine Caribou Board, which will help make educated decisions based on collected information from management agencies, local communities and users of this species. Link: http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/new_york/bilat_can/agreement- accord.aspx?lang=eng 21 2. The Howling of Lat. Forty-Nine: Assessing Collaborative Wildlife Management Efforts Along the Western Canada- U. S Border Jernigan 1, Clayton(2006)'The Howling of Lat. Forty-Nine: Assessing Collaborative Wildlife Management Efforts Along the Western Canada—U.S. Border',Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy,9:1,55 — 89 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/13880290500536466 Link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880290500536466 This journal article looks at how jurisdictional boundaries can inhibit wildlife conservation especially when species migrate back and forth between countries. It points out that species management would be more effective through a collaborative effort allowing for a broader scope of conservation. The author identifies three international legal instruments that will help manage many cross boundary species. These tools include: - The North American Agreement on Environmental Conservaion - The Memorandum of Understanding Establishing the Canadian/Mexico/ United States Trilateral Committee for Wildlife and Ecosystem Conservation and Management - The Framework for Cooperation Between the U.S. Department of the Interior and Environment Canada in the Protection and Recovery of Wild Species at Risk The article also looks at why conservation and management has not been as effective and areas of improvement. The author recommends removing subsidies provided to Canadian Timber companies, higher stumpage gees, incentives for voluntary improved forest practices, certification scheme for wildlife friendly land management, and more strict and enforced regulations. Incentive based mechanisms could also be used to encourage conservation. There is also no need for further U.S/ Canada agreements because these do not change the problems associated with forestry practices. There needs to be more active implementation and funding to ensure that forest habitats and their dependant species, such as the caribou can once again thrive naturally. 3. North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation between The Government of Canada, The Government of the United Mexican States and The Government of the United States of America (1993) This document states that these countries are responsible for fulfilling their obligations with regard to their own territory regarding their environment and its protection through compliance with and enforcement of environmental laws and regulations. The importance of cooperative action and the associated links is recognized, while noting their differences are determined to help facilitate conservation, protection and enhancement of the natural environment. 4. Ecological Regions of North America- Toward a Common Perspective In International Agreement Folder 22 This document was created by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation in 1997. This organization facilitates the cooperation for conservation, protection and enhancement efforts in North America. The United States, Canada and Mexico entered the collaborative effort through the American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation. These three countries have joined efforts to help address common environmental concerns. This report looks at each ecological region in North America and the species of concern and their habitat. The characteristic species are identified for each region and the other activities taking place in that region and how human intervention has impacted the continent. 5. Agreement Between the Government of Canada and the Government of The United States of America on the Conservation of the Porcupine Herd ( July 17, 1987) Link: http://www.internationalwildlifelaw.org/Porcupinebilat.html This agreement represents that recognition that the Porcupine caribou herd migrates between Canadian and American boundaries. They are an important natural resource that requires conservation. The two countries have agreed on the definition of the Porcupine caribou herd as the migratory barren ground caribou that is found north of 64 degrees, 30 degrees north latitude. They have calving grounds north of the Yukon river, with post calving grounds between the Canning River (Alaska) and the Babbage River (Yukon Territory). Typically this herd migrates with in Alaska, the Yukon and the Northwest Territories. The agreement establishes the management of this herd and its habitat by using methods that ensure long term sustainability of the herd. Strategies include scientific research and resource management, law enforcement, census taking, habitat maintenance, monitoring and public information and education. The agreement also requires the establishment of the International Porcupine Caribou Board. 6. Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Barren Ground Caribou Management Agreement April 1, 2002 *PDF In international arena folder This is an agreement between the Government of Canada, the Government of Manitoba, the Government of Saskatchewan, The government of the Northwest Territories and the Government of Nunavut. The Beverly herd and the Qamanirjuaq herds of barren caribou migrate between these borders. This agreement is based on continuing the well being of these herds through coordinated management, goodwill and cooperation among the governments involved and the traditional users of these caribou. It establishes the coordination to be done through the Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board. 23 Provincial Governments: Government of Newfoundland/ Labrador Ministry of the Environment and Conservation Website: http://www.env.gov.nl.ca/env/ In Newfoundland/Labrador, there are three herds that overlap. Their ranges cross- the southern part of Labrador and northeastern Quebec. The government coordinates its wildlife Divisions in the Department of Environment and conservation. In 2006 the Wildlife division created the Caribou Health Monitoring program. It is apart of a larger caribou management plan to understand why the population is declining. Caribou hunters are asked to provide samples for analyzing. The Results for 2007 Environment and Conservation, Wildlife Division, Caribou Health Monitoring Program – Results 2007 Pdf Location: Management boards-> Government of Newfoundland Labrado ( Title: Caribou Health Monitoring Program – Results 2007) Link: http://www.env.gov.nl.ca/env/wildlife/caribouhealth/caribou_health_results2007.pdf After the passing of the Endangered Species act in 2001, The Species Status Advisory Committee was created. Their role is to recommend designations of species based on research and knowledge to the Minister of the Environment and Conservation. The Redwine Caribou herd was the only species of caribou to be of concern for the Species Status Advisory committee assessment report, but is still in the process and being prepared as of 2005. But as of 2008, the assessment has been decided against one being done. But there is a Management plan for the woodland caribou. Management Plans: Recovery Strategy for three Woodland Caribou Herds in Labrador- Schmelzer, I. & Brazil, J, Chubbs, T., French, S., Hearn, B., Jeffery, R., LeDrew, L., McNeill, A., Nuna, R., Otto, R., Phillips, F., Mitchell, G, Pittman, G., Simon, N., Yetman,G. (2004). Recovery strategy for three Woodland caribou herds (Rangifer taranduscaribou; Boreal population) in Labrador. Department of Environment and Conservation,Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Corner Brook. Link:http://www.env.gov.nl.ca/env/wildlife/wildatrisk/Recovery%20_Strategy_Feb2005 _corrections.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of Newfound.and/Labrador 24 Reports: 1. Newfoundland & Labrador Species at Risk, The Woodland Caribou: Mealy Mountain, Red Wine and Lac Joseph Herds This is a document created by the Endangered Species and Biodiversity Program. It provides information the three ranges of caribou herds in Newfoundland and Labrador, their population estimates, trends, limiting factors and threats in a broad, short outline Contact: The Endangered Species and Biodiversity Program- 709-637-2026 Pdf location: Management Boards-> Government of Newfoundland/Labrador Title: Species at risk Woodland_Caribou 2. The Forest Ecosystem Strategy Plan for Forest Management District 19 Labrador/ Nitassinan Forsyth, Jay, Larry Innes, Keith Deering, and Len Moores. "Forest Ecosystem Strategy Plan For Forest Management District 19 Labrador/ Nitassinan 2003-2023." The Innu Nation and the Department of Forest Resources & Agrifoods 1 (2003): 1-101. The Forest Process Agreement created in January 2001, facilitated communication, information sharing and issues regarding the planning and management of sustainable forestry practices and ecosystem based management plans. And this Plan is a large part due to the creation of that agreement. A multi stakeholder and participatory development strategy was evolved to create this plan. The plan uses an ecosystem based planning approach to forest management. In terms of the caribou, the conservation and protection of forested land, its habitat, is crucial. It looks at the caribou as a good example of a species that requires a variety of habitat types of the period of a year. The article acknowledges that the caribous protection would require consideration of landscape patterns at a smaller scale than other species might require. District 19 provides a forested habitat for the woodland caribou, which depend on it for select periods during its life cycle. The recommended level of protection for the caribou is of large core reserve. The Red Wine caribou herd is located in this district and are facing population decline and are identified as a species at risk in this report. The report provides an action plan that include the creation of the Red Wine Caribou Core Reserve which will be a part of the District Ecological Protected Area Network Pdf location: Management boards-> Government of Newfoundland/Labrador Title: Forest Ecosystem Strategy Plan for Forest Management District 19 Labrador Nitassinan 25 4. Recovery Strategy for Three Woodland Caribou Herds Schmelzer, I. & Brazil, J, Chubbs, T., French, S., Hearn, B., Jeffery, R., LeDrew, L., Martin, H., McNeill, A., Nuna, R., Otto, R., Phillips, F., Mitchell, G, Pittman, G., Simon, N., Yetman, G. (2004). Recovery strategy for three Woodland caribou herds (Rangifer tarandus caribou; Boreal population) in Labrador. Department of Environment and Conservation, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Corner Brook. This strategy was created after three caribou herds in Newfoundland and Labrador were identified to be ‘Threatened’ species under the Endangered Species Act of Newfoundland and Labrador (2002). The National Boreal Caribou Technical Committee, biologists, aborigional groups and other agencies provided the information complied and used to create this plan. The goals of this recovery strategy is to prevent extinction, improve the current status and to continue sustainable populations into the future. Recovery actions include stewardship and education, habitat protection, research and monitoring and management and protection. There is an identification of critical and recovery habitats are stated in the context of populations for short and long term populations, survival and recovery. The team believes that implementing this plan can protect the caribou, but they will have to continue to fight issues regarding illegal hunting, resource development and accessibility to remote areas. Pdf location: Management boards-> Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Title: Recovery Strategy for Three woodland caribou herds in Labrador 5. Department of Environment and Conservation Strategic Plan 2008-2011 Department of Environment and Conservation. "Strategic Plan 2008- 2011." Department of Environment and Conservation, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador 1 (2008): 1-34. The mission for this report was stated “ By March 31, 2011 the Department of Environment and Conservation will have reduced the adverse impacts of human activities on the environment and improved the health of our ecosystems”. The goals and objectives of this report included a ‘Caribou Science and Management Strategy’. By March 31, 2011, the Department will have initiated science and wildlife management activities to ensure the sustainability of caribou resources. This will involve predator reduction strategies in study areas that will be evaluated to learn its impact and its use as a recovery tool. Pdf location: Management boards-> Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Title: Department of Environment and Conservation Strategic Plan 2008 to 2011 26 6. The Five-Year Caribou Strategy Seeks to Address Declining Population Environment and Conservation. "Five Year Caribou Strategy Seeks to Address Declining Population." Government of Newfoundland and Labrador 7 Feb. 2008: 1-2. This notification of recent financial support from the Minister of the Environment, is being put towards funding for a five year scientific and management strategy for the woodland caribou populations. This will support the effort to learn why there is currently a decline in woodland caribou populations. The Provincial Government provided an extra $3.7 million to aid in scientific and management efforts. Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Title: Five-Year Caribou Strategy Seeks to Address Declining Populations 7. George River Caribou Migration Monitoring by Satellite Telemetry This satellite tracking program was established so that wildlife managers could prescribe hunting seasons and avoid accidental shooting of protected caribou as the protected George River herd often overlaps the woodland caribou herds. Weekly Maps are provided on the site Link: http://www.env.gov.nl.ca/env/wildlife/georgerivercaribou/maps-caribou.htm Contact: Executive Council Communications Branch Government of Newfoundland and Labrador P.O. Box 8700 St. John's, NL A1B 4J6 Phone: (709) 729-4164 Fax: (709) 729-0584 Email: [email protected] Department of Environment and Conservation Wildlife Division P.O. Box 3014 Happy Valley-Goose Bay, NL A0P 1E0 Tel: (709) 896-5107 Stéphane Rivard poste 239 Ministère des Ressources naturelles et de la Faune-Secteur Faune Québec Tel: (418) 748-7701 27 Government of Quebec Ressources naturelles et Faune Quebec- Wildlife Website: http://www.mrnf.gouv.qc.ca/english/wildlife/index.jsp The ministry aims to preserve and manage wildlife and natural resources. They monitor and control the use of wildlife and their habitat. Management and preservation plans are the responsibility of this department. Migratory Caribou Research Project Website: http://www.mrnf.gouv.qc.ca/english/wildlife/wildlife-habitats/migratory- caribou-research/index.jsp Contact: Vincent Brodeur- Northern Quebec regional office of Secteur Faune Quebec [email protected] Phone: (418) 748-7701 ext. 225 Foundation de la faune du Quebec Website: http://www.fondationdelafaune.qc.ca/en/ This corporation was established in 1984 by the government to prevent further loss of wetlands and to stop aquatic and land habitat degradation. They focus on all wildlife species in Quebec. They create partnerships with local players and develop networks to promote environmental sustainability. Contact: Fondation de la faune du Québec 1175, avenue Lavigerie, bureau 420 Sainte-Foy (Québec) G1V 4P1 Telephone: (418) 644-7926 Toll free: 1 877 639-0742 Fax: (418) 643-7655 Email: [email protected] Research: Caribou Migration Monitoring by Satellite Telemetry This tracking program was started because conserving, managing, harvesting and studying these animals requires knowing where they are. This migration monitoring system uses the Argos satellite system. This program is a combined effort by the government of Quebec and Newfoundland Labrador as they share management responsibilities of the George River herd. 28 Government of Ontario Ministry of the Environment Website: http://www.ontario.ca/en/your_government/009848 http://www.ene.gov.on.ca/en/index.php Reports: 1. Cervid Ecological Framework The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources is responsible for the protection and management of the cervid species, which includes the woodland caribou. The woodland caribou program was created for the management and recovery of caribou habitat, while minimizing stressors on these herds. This report looks at management from a broad landscape and ecological level. The Woodland caribou are focused on in Ontario because it was listed as threatened on the species at risk list, which are now protected under the Endangered Species Act, 2007. The Caribou Conservation Plan is based on a provincial policy for the conservation and recovery of the caribou and their habitat. This report provides broad management guidance with respect to the woodland caribou in three ecological regions. Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Ontario Title: Cervid Ecological Framework draft for consultation 2. Woodland Caribou Recovery Strategy Ontario Woodland Caribou Recovery Team. 2008. Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) (Forest-dwelling, Boreal Population) in Ontario. Prepared for the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, Ontario. 93 pp Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Ontario Title: Woodland Caribou Recovery Strategy 3. The Last Line of Defence- A Review of Ontario’s New Protections for Species at Risk A Special Report to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario- February 2009 Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Ontario Title: The last line of Defence A review of Ontario’s new protections for Species at risk 29 4.Discussion Paper- Keeping the Caribou in Ontario Link: http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/en/Business/Species/2ColumnSubPage/249504.html This paper was created to solicit public input to help develop the Caribou Conservation plan and caribou habitat regulation. They aim to design this plan and ensure that is provides safe habitats and protection for the woodland caribou. Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Ontario Title: Keeping the Caribou in Ontario 5. Report of the Ontario Woodland Caribou Science Review Panel: The Path Forward Suffling, R., V. Crichton, J.C. Ray, J.A. Schaefer, and I. D.Thompson. 2008. Report of theOntario Woodland Caribou Science Review Panel: The Path Forward. Report to Hon.D.Cansfield, Ontario Minister of Natural Resources. Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 19 pp. This scientific panel provides recommendations for the Recovery Strategy for the Caribou in Ontario. In this document the panel points out several aspects of the Strategy that require revision. Their recommended revised goal includes “ Self- sustaining populations of forest- dwelling woodland caribou should be maintained wherever they exist in Ontario, declining populations should be strengthened, and woodland caribou should be reestablished on strategically chosen ranges. Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Ontario Title: Woodland caribou science review panel 30 Government of Manitoba Manitoba Conservation: Website: http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/ The Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection Branch: Managing Animals, Plants and Habitats Website:http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/wildlife/managing/fs_woodland_caribou.ht ml Big Game Monitoring Link: http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/wildlife/managing/bg_mon/bg_sp_mon.html Wildlife Management Areas: Link: http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/wildlife/managing/wma.html The Wildlife Act Link: http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/w130e.php The Endangered Species Act Link: http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/e111e.php Reports: Manitoba’s Conservation and Recovery Strategy for Boreal Woodland Caribou (2005) This strategy is important to the conserving and recovering the boreal woodland caribou in Manitoba. The province is cooperating with other provinces to develop a national boreal woodland caribou recovery strategy. The recovery goals include “ a self sustaining boreal woodland caribou populations on all existing ranges in Manitoba and the management of caribou habitat on all ranges to support and sustain populations inhabiting those ranges.” Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Manitoba Title: Conservation and Recovery Strategy 2005 Contact: Conservation and Environment Library 160-123 Main Street R3C 1A5 Phone: 945-7125 Toll Free: 1-800-214-6497 31 Government of Saskatchewan Ministry of the Environment Website: http://www.environment.gov.sk.ca/ The Ministry of Environment is responsible for Saskatchewan’s wildlife population. They have been involved in industrial impact reports and the response in caribou herds. Reports: 1. North- Central Integrated Land Use Plan- 2001 By: Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management This report was created to help the planning process and the incorporation of resources and people into the planning of the area to better develop resource management strategies. The woodland caribou habitat and populations are included in the wildlife section. They acknowledge the factors that have led to a reduction in the woodland caribou population and the important role that forests and bogs play in the survival of caribou herds. Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Saskatchewan Title: North Central Intergrated Land Use Plan 2. Saskatchewan Game Report 2007- 08 By The Ministry of the Environment www.environment.gov.sk.ca This report represents the acknowledgement that in order for Saskatchewan to continue to have successful game populations, it is important that they manage the wildlife and protect the health of their environment. Part of the Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Range is located in Saksatchewan due to their migration patterns. This herd is managed through the advisement of the Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board. This board has representatives from Saskatchewan. The woodland caribou and the Barren Ground caribou ranges exist in Saskatchewan. This province is a member of the National Boreal Caribou Technical Steering Committee and participates in the Environment Canada ‘Science Advisory Group’ that is used to identify national critical habitat. Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Saskatchewan Title: Saskatchewan Game Report 2007 2008 32 Government of Alberta The Department responsible: Sustainable Resource Development- Fish and Wildlife Website: http://www.srd.gov.ab.ca/fishwildlife/wildlifeinalberta/default.aspx The status of species at risk in Albert relies upon the Endangered Species Conservation Committee, under the Wildlife Act (1998). Link: Report: 1. Report of Alberta’s Endangered Species Conservation Committee Fish and Wildlife Division 2008. Report of Alberta’s Endangered Species Conservation Committee: June 2006. Alberta SRD, FWD, Edmonton, AB 44pp. This report includes information on the Woodland Caribou Recovery Planning team. Link:http://www.srd.gov.ab.ca/fishwildlife/escc/pdf/2006_ESCC_Report_Final_for_web. pdf Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Alberta Title: Report of ALberta's Endangered Species Conservation Committee 2006_ESCC_Report_Final_for_web 2. Boreal Caribou Committee Strategic Plan and Industrial Guidelines for Boreal Caribou Rages in North Alberta Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Alberta Title: Boreal Caribou Committee Strategic Plan 3. AlbertaWoodland Caribou Recovery Plan pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Alberta Title: Alberta Woodland Caribou Recovery Plan 2004 The Alberta Caribou Committee http://www.albertacariboucommittee.ca/index.htm Contact: Jack Nolan, BCC Program Manager [email protected] or by phone at: 780 - 632-8525 Contact: George Hamilton, Interm Program Manager Wildlife Management Branch Alberta Sustainable Resource Development 2nd Floor, Great West Life Bldg., 9920 - 108 Street Edmonton, Alberta T5K 2M4 Telephone: (780) 415-2001 Fax: (780) 422-9557 Email: [email protected] 33 Government of British Columbia The woodland caribou are found in the boreal forests of British Columbia. They are not migratory, but are found to move to different elevations in the mountains during different points in the seasons. There are three ecotypes of woodland caribou in British Columbia: - The Northern Caribou: found in central and northern regions of B.C - The Mountain Caribou: found in the south eastern mountains in B.C - The Boreal Caribou: found in the boreal forests of the north eastern edge of B.C Source: “Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - About Caribou." Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Home. 2 Mar. 2009 The people involved with Caribou Conservation, Management and Protection include at the Provincial level include: 1. The Ministry of the Environment: - The B.C Conservatino Data Centre: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/cdc/ - Endangered Species and Ecosystems: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/atrisk/ - Recovery Planning in B.C:http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/recoveryplans/rcvry1.htm#links - Mountain Caribou Recovery Strategy: http://wlapwww.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/mtcaribou_rcvrystrat02.pdf - Ungulate Winter Ranges: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/frpa/uwr/ - Identified Wildlife Management Strategy: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/frpa/iwms/index.html Ministry of Agriculture and Lands: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/sarco/ The Integrated Land Management Bureau, Species at Risk Coordination Office - Mountain Caribou Recovery Science Team - Mountain Caribou Recovery Strategy Documents: Source: "Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Who are the Players?." Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Home. 22 Mar. 2009 At the Community Level in British Columbia: 1. Mackenzie Land and Resource Management Plan: http://ilmbwww.gov.bc.ca/ilmb/lup/lrmp/northern/mackenzi/index.html 2. Fort St. James Land and Resource Management Plan: http://ilmbwww.gov.bc.ca/lup/lrmp/northern/ftstjames/index.html 3. Local Recovery Implementation Groups: 34 - North Central BC - Central Rocky Mountains - Hart and Cariboo Mountains 4. Wildlife Infometrics 5. Resources North Association: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/crg/5/www.resourcesnorth.org Source: "Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Who are the Players?." Recovery Initiatives for Caribou of Central BC - Home. 22 Mar. 2009 Reports: Stevenson, Susan K., Harold M. Armleder, Michael J. Jull, David G. King, Bruce McLellan, and Darwyn Coxson. "Mountain Caribou in Managed Forests: Recommendations for Manages." Government of British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks 26 (2001): 1-71. Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia Title: Mountain Caribou in Managed Forests Recommendations for Managers Link: http://wlapwww.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/techpub/r26_mtcaribou.pdf Recovery Inititiaves for Caribiou of Central British Columbia Website: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/crg/14/rap North Central RIG Recovery Action Plan Forrex: Supporting Sustainable Natural Resource Management Decisions A recovery action plan for northern caribou herds in north-central British Columbia [electronic resource] / R. Scott McNay, S., D. Heard, R. Sulyma, and R. Ellis. 2008. Link Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia Title: A Recovery Action Plan for Northern Caribou Herds in North Central British Columbia Management Research Reports: The Omineca Northern Caribou Project Wildlife Infometrics Website: http://www.wildlifeinfometrics.com/ Wildlife Infometrics and the Ministry of the Environment teamed up to create the Omineca Northern Caribou Project. They perform collaborative research and setting initiatives led by licensees in the forest sector. They use information from studies to create models, hypothesis generation through inventories, adaptive management and 35 policy construction. This project aimed to provide the necessary information to sustainably manage populations of northern caribou, and the impacts that forest development, predation and hunting had on this species. The project wanted to promote a proactive philosophy that involved preventative management of the caribou instead of corrective conservation. The locations and groups of application of the Recovery Action Plan and recovery implementation include: - North Central B.C - Central Rocky Mountains - Hart and Cariboo Mountains Over the course of this research the group’s model was used to: - Generate research hypothesis - Identify suitable winter ranges - Identify critical habitat for the Recovery Action Plan - Provide information for the forestry sector to help them better locate cut blocks and roads so the caribou would be minimally impacted. This group collects research for the North Central B.C recovery group information from - Wildlife Infometrics: - The University of Northern British Columbia - The Ministry of the Environment - The Industrial Forest Service/ Canfor - Peace Williston Fish & Wildlife Compensation program: http://www.bchydro.com/pwcp/. - Reports for the North Central BC Recovery Implementation Group and Wildlife Infometrics: Maps for herd distribution can be found at : http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/crg/13/maps 1. McNay, R.S. 2007. Potential population response to linear corridor development in the Chase caribou herd area, north-central British Columbia. Wildlife Infometrics Report 237. Wildlife Infometrics Inc., Mackenzie, British Columbia, Canada. Location: Management Boards-> Government of B.C-> Wildlife Informetrics Title: Potential Population Response to Linear Corribdor Development in teh Chase Caribou Herd Area, North Central B.C WII_Report237 2. Nay, R. S., A. M. Doucette, R. K. McCann, D. C. Heard, B. G. Marcot, R. Sulyma, and R. Ellis. 2003. CLUPE Project: Implementation of the Mackenzie LRMP Caribou Management Strategy. Wildlife Infometrics Inc. Report No. 049. Wildlife Informetrics Inc., Mackenzie, British Columbia, Canada. 36 Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports Title: An Assessment of Conservation Policy for Pine Lichen Winter Ranges Used by Caribou in North Central British Columbia 3. McNay R. S. and R. Sulyma. 2008. Reassessing the supply of northern caribou seasonal range types in north-central British Columbia. Wildlife Infometrics Inc. Report No. 279. Wildlife Infometrics Inc., Mackenzie, British Columbia, Canada. Link: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/downloads/WII_Report_279.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports Title: Reassessing the Supply of Northern caribou Seasonal Range Types in North central British Columbia 4. McNay, R.S. and L. Giguere. 2007. Timing and synchronicity of calving in woodland caribou herds of north-central British Columbia. Wildlife Infometrics Report 230. Wildlife Infometrics Inc., Mackenzie, British Columbia, Canada. Link: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/downloads/WIIReport230.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports Title: Timing and Synchoronicity of Calving in Woodland Caribou Herds of North Central British Columbia 5. Giguere L. and R. S. McNay. 2008. Abundance and distribution of woodland caribou in the Wolverine and Chase recovery plan areas. Wildlife Infometrics Inc. Report No. 272. Wildlife Infometrics Inc., Mackenzie, British Columbia, Canada Link: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/downloads/WII-Report272.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports Title: Abundance and Distribution of Woodland Caribou in the Wolverine and Chase Recovery Plan areas WII-Report272 6. Zimmerman, K. L., R. S. McNay, J. B. Joy, and L. Giguere. 2001. Ecological factors affecting northern caribou in the Omineca region, British Columbia. Year 3 (2000) inventory results. Unpubl. Report, Forest Renewal B.C., Prince George Region, Prince George, BC. 95 pp. Link: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/downloads/2001_Final_Results.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports 37 Title: Ecological Factors Affecting Northern Caribou in the Omineca Region, BC 2001_Final_Results 7. Adaptive Management McNay R. S., L. Giguere, and F. McDonald. 2008. Mitigating risk of predation for woodland caribou in north-central British Columbia. Wildlife Infometrics Inc. Report No. 274. Wildlife Infometrics Inc., Mackenzie, BC. Link: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/downloads/WII_Report_274.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports Title: Mitigating Risk of Predation for Woodland Caribou in North Central BC WII_Report_274 Contact For Wildlife Infometrics: Doug Heard, Ministry of Environment 4051-18th Ave, Prince George, BC, V2N 1B3 Ph: (250) 614-9903; Fax: (250) 565-6940 Randy Sulyma, Wildlife Infometrics, Inc. P.O. Box 308, Mackenzie, BC, V0J 2C0 Ph: (250) 997-5700; Fax: (250) 997-5725 Reports from the Ministry of the Environment on the North Central BC Caribou: The MOE website that contains the reports and Wildlife Publications for the caribou in the Omineca Region of British Columbia http://wlapwww.gov.bc.ca/omr/esd/faw/wildlife_publications.html Reports for the Central Rocky Mountains RIG Studies The herds being researched in this area include: - the Quintette - Kennedy Siding - Moberly - Graham - Belcourt/ Narraway Distribution Maps can be found at: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/crg/18/maps 38 1. Jones, E.S., M.P. Gillingham, D.R. Seip, and D.C. Heard. 2007. Comparison of seasonal habitat selection between threatened woodland caribou ecotypes in central British Columbia. Rangifer, Special Issue No. 17: 111-128 Link: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/downloads/Jones_etal_Rangifer.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports Title: Comparison of Seasonal habitat selection between threatened woodland caribou ecotypes in Central British Columbia Jones_etal_Rangifer 2. Jones, E., M. Gillingham, D. Heard, D. Seip, and G. Watts. 2004. Habitat Use of Threatened Caribou at the Transition Zone from Mountain to Northern Ecotype. D. Hooper, editor. Proceedings of the Species at Risk 2004 Pathways to Recovery Conference. 1 March 2–6, 2004, Victoria, B.C. 2pp Link: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/downloads/Jones_et_al_2004.pdf Location: Management Boards-> Government of British Columbia-> Wildlife Infometrics Reports Title: Habitat Use of Threatened Caribou at the Transition Zone from Mountain to Northern Europe Jones_et_al_2004 Other reports found at : http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/crg/20/studies Reports for the Hart and Caribou Mountains: The herds that are being studied in this region include the - Kennedy Siding - Moberly - Quintette - Graham - Belcourt/Narraway - Portions of the range of Redrock/Prairie Creek, a la Peche, and South Jasper herds that come from Alberta. Populations covered by the Recovery Implementation Plan include: - Groundhog - Wells Gray - Allan Creek - Barkerville - North Cariboo Mountian - George Mountain - Narrow Lake - Hart Ranges Maps of the herd’s distributions can be found at: http://www.centralbccaribou.ca/crg/23/maps 39 This research is currently not being conducted, but the contact information includes: Dale Seip, Ministry of Forests and Range 5th Floor, 1011 4th Ave. Prince George, BC V2L 3H9 Government of Nunavut Department of Environment- http://www.gov.nu.ca/Nunavut/environment/ Nunavut Wildlife Management Board- http://www.nwmb.com/ Nunavut Research Institute: http://pooka.nunanet.com/~research/ Nunavut Wildlife Resource Centres Coalition- http://www.nwrcc.ca/english/index.php Report: South Baffin Caribou- Scientific Research and Inuit Knowledge Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Nunavut Nunavut Wildlife Act Federal Wildlife legislation: Wild animal and Plant protection and regulation of International and interprovincial Trade Act, Species at Risk Act Contact: Craig Welsh Communications Manager Department of the Environment Phone: 867-975-7721 Fax: 867-975-7740 [email protected] 40 Government of the Northwest Territories Department of Environment and Natural Resources Wildlife Division www.nwtwildlife.com Reports: Caribou Forever, Our Heritage, Our responsibility Management Strategy for the NWT (2006- 2010) Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of NWT Title: Caribou Management strategy 2006-2012 Barren Ground Caribou Management in the NWT- An independent Peer Review Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of NWT Title: Barren Ground Caribou Management in the NWT Link: www.nwtwildlife.com/ARC%20NWT%20Caribou%20Review%20Final%20Submitted.p df West Kitikmeot Slave Study Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of NWT Title: West Kitikmeol Slave Study Final report And West Kitikmeol Slave Study State of Knowledge 2007 Update Caribou Migration and the State of their habitat- Final Report West Kitikmeot Slave Study Society www.nwtwildlife.com/wkss/pdf/caribouMigrationFinal.pdf Pdf: Management Boards-> Government of NWT Title: Caribou Migration and the State of their Habitat 2001 TukTU and Nogak Project- A Caribou Chronical- 2001 www.nwtwildlife.com/WKSS/PDF/TNPFinalMarch2001.pdf pdf: Management Boards-> Government of NWT Title: Tuktu and Nogak Project A caribou Chronicle An estimate of Breeding Females in the Bathurst Herd of Barren- ground caribou, June 2003 www.nwtwildlife.com/WKSS/PDF/BathCaribouFemailes2003=164.pdf pdf: Management Boards-> Government of NWT Title: An estimate of Breeding Females in the Bathurst herd of Barren ground caribou 2003 41 Government of Yukon Department of Environment: http://www.environmentyukon.gov.yk.ca/ Department of Wildlife and Biodiversity: http://www.environmentyukon.gov.yk.ca/wildlifebiodiversity/ Caribou information page: http://environmentyukon.gov.yk.ca/wildlifebiodiversity/mammals/caribou.php Reports/Information: Northern Mountain Caribou Management Plan www.yfwmb.yk.ca/northernmountaincaribou File: Management Boards-> Government of Yukon Information for Decisions- 2007 Fish and Wildlife Inventory Program Project Summaries http://environmentyukon.gov.yk.ca/pdf/inventoryprojectssummary.pdf pdf on memeory stick: Management Boards-> Government of Yukon Little Rancheria Caribou in the Yukon: Evaluation of Winter Habitat Quality and Habitat use www.environmentyukon.gov.yk.ca/pdf/rancheria_habitat_quality_2003.pdf pdf: Management Boards-> Government of Yukon Maps of Key Caribou Areas in the Yukon and Caribou Herd ranges in the Yukon Territory are included in pdf format under the government file folder 42 The State of Alaska: The Department of Fish and Game Division of Wildlife Conservation http://wildlife.alaska.gov/ Reports: 2007 Caribou Management Report www.wc.adfg.state.ak.us./pubs/technpubs/mgt_rpts/07_caribou.pdf pdf: Management Boards-> State of Alaska 2005 Caribou Part 1- South Central, Southwest and Interior Herds pdf: Management Boards-> State of Alaska Caribou Management Report- Western herd- Northern Alaska Pdf: Management Boards-> State of Alaska Caribou Management Report- Porcupine Herd – eastern portion of the Arctic Pdf: Management Boards-> State of Alaska Caribou Research Report Links www.wc.adfg.state.ak.us/indexcfm?adfg=pubs.reports#caribou Wildlife Conservation Research Projects Summary www.wc.adfg.state.ak.us/index.cfm?adfg=management.research_projects Contact: Division of Wildlife and conservation Phone: 907-465-4190 PO Box 25526 Juneau, AK, 99802-5526 43 Non Governmental Organizations and Other Organizations 1. Being Caribou” Website: http://www.beingcaribou.com/beingcaribou/index.html This website is a documentary of a couple, Karsten Heurer and Leanne Allison on a journey with the Porcupine Caribou Herd. They traveled with the herd for 5 months with 123 000 caribou from the winter calving ground and back again to the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Their mission was to document their journey and share their new knowledge about the herd with politicians and activists’. This website includes a diary of their trip, slides and videos documenting the caribou migration, the calving grounds, the people who depend on them and the route they took. The intention of this trip was to understand in every physical sense the relationship that the caribou had with their environment to help understand how they would be impacted by oil development in their calving grounds. Over all it was an attempt to move away from arms length science and media, to bring this endangered species and the importance of their migration to life. Documentation of the migration: http://www.beingcaribou.com/beingcaribou/backg/mig.htm Contact: Leanne Allison and Karsten Heuer 637 3rd Street Canmore, Alberta T1W 2H9 CANADA Email: feedback(at)necessaryjourneys.ca 44 1. Defenders of Wildlife Website: http://www.defenders.org/index.php This American organization was founded in 1947, which is prided as a leader in science- based, results oriented conservation. They act based on their commitment to the Endangered Species Act and protecting the species that are at risk. They are a nonprofit organization who works to protect habitat, restore America’s wildlife, help in conflict situations and engaged in international education and awareness. This organization played a role in enforcing that the Forest services develop a plan for managing recreation in the caribou’s last habitat in the U.S, which is currently facing problems due to heavy snowmobile activity. Defenders of the Wildlife, was also involved in petitioning the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service to designate the critical habitat for the woodland caribou under the Endangered Species Act. The ultimate court ruling in a press release can be found at http://www.defenders.org/newsroom/press_releases_folder/2007/02_16_2007_more_protection_grant ed_for_mountain_caribou.php. Annual Report (2008): http://www.defenders.org/resources/publications/annual_reports/2008_annual_report.pdf Publications: Woodland Caribou Critical Habitat Complaint http://www.defenders.org/resources/publications/programs_and_policy/in_the_courts/wo odland_caribou_critical_habitat_complaint.pdf Contact: 1130 17th Street, NW Washington, DC 20036 1-800-385-9712 (toll-free 24/7) [email protected] 45 2. Mountain Caribou Project Website: http://www.mountaincaribou.org/links This project is a joint effort of Canadians and Americans working to protect and conserve the mountain caribou and its habitat, the Inland Temperate Rainforest. They are aiming to establish a science based provincial conservation plan that will protect this species and its habitat. Their members include BC nature Federation of BC Naturalists, Conservation Northwest, Canadian Parks and Wilderness society British Columbia Chapter, Forest Ethics, the Fraserheadwaters organization, the Quesnel River Watershed Alliance, the Sierra Club of Canada BC chapter, Wildsight and the North Columbia Environmental Society. Reports: Checklist to measure the British Columbia Government’s mountain caribou recovery plan http://www.mountaincaribou.org/pdfs/Recovery_checklist.pdf News: Mountain caribou Recovery plan implementation falls short- March 14th 2009 http://www.mountaincaribou.org/news/100 Government’s recovery plans include “IOU” for mountain caribou- February 23, 2009 http://www.mountaincaribou.org/news/99 Contact Mountain Caribou Project Lawrence Redfern, Outreach Coordinator, 523 Cedar Street, Nelson, BC V1L 2C2 [email protected] 46 3. The Sierra Club Canada Reports Created by this organization are located in the NGOs File Folder-> Sierra Club Canada Wilderness and Species Conservation http://www.t.sierraclub.ca/national/programs/biodiversity/wilderness/index.s html This includes: - A review of South Jasper National park Caribou Action Plan - An Uncertain Future: Woodland caribou 2006 report - A review of Alberta’s Draft Recovery Plan for the Woodland caribou - A review of Labradors recovery strategy for the Woodland caribou - The Caribou Nation Report and Chart 2004-2005 Reports: A Review of Alberta’s Draft Recovery Plan for Woodland Caribou http://www.sierraclub.ca/national/programs/biodiversity/wilderness/endangered- species/woodland-caribou-alberta.pdf A Review of Labrador’s Recovery Strategy for Woodland Caribou- April 2005 http://www.sierraclub.ca/national/programs/biodiversity/wilderness/endangered- species/woodland-caribou-labrador.pdf A Review of Ontario’s Draft Recovery Plan for Woodland Caribou- September 2006 http://www.sierraclub.ca/national/programs/biodiversity/wilderness/endangered- species/woodland-caribou-ontario.pdf A Review of South Jasper National Park Caribou Action Plan for Caribou Recovery Phase 1, 2005 http://www.sierraclub.ca/national/programs/biodiversity/wilderness/endangered- species/woodland-caribou-s-jasper.pdf Letter to Minister of the Environment: Woodland (Mountain) Caribou: A Species at Risk in Canada’s National Parks http://www.sierraclub.ca/national/programs/biodiversity/wilderness/endangered- species/woodland-caribou-letter-02-20-2006.pdf Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society, Sierra Club of Canada Uncertain Future- Woodland Caribou and Canada’s Boreal Forest http://www.wildlandsleague.org/attachments/2006.05.CPAWS.Report- Caribou.pdf 47 News: Activists Slam government as plan to save mountain caribou stumbles- Globe and Mail: May 20, 2008 http://www.sierraclub.ca/national/media/inthenews/item.shtml?x=1566 Contact: Sierra Club Canada 412-1 Nicholas Street Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 7B7 Canada Phone: (613) 241-4611 Fax: (613) 241-2292 Toll free: 1-888-810-4204 e-mail: [email protected] web site: www.sierraclub.ca 4. The Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board All pdf’s are located in the Management Board-> Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Management Board Folder Reports Include: - Beverly and Qamnirjuaq Barrne Ground Caribou Management Agreement - BQCMB 2007 – 2008 Annual Report - The Economic Valuation and Socio-Cultural Perspectives of the Estimated Harvest of the Beverly and Qamanirjuaq Caribou Herds - A position Paper Protecting calving grounds and other habitats Website: http://www.arctic-caribou.com/about.html Contact: Chairman Vice Chairman Albert Thorassie Daryll Hedman General Delivery Wildlife Manager Tadoule Lake MB R0B 2C0 Manitoba Conservation (204) 684-2266 (office telephone) P.O. Box 28, 59 Elizabeth Dr. (204) 684-2450 (fax) Thompson MB R8N 1X4 (204) 677-6643 (office telephone) - Represents northern Manitoba (204) 677-6359 (fax) communities, and was appointed by e-mail: [email protected] the Minister of Manitoba - Represents the Government of Manitoba, and was appointed by Conservation the Minister of Manitoba Conservation 48 5 Earthroots Website: http://earthroots.org/ “This is a grassroots environmental organization dedicated to protecting Ontario’s wilderness, wildlife and watersheds through research, education and action”. They are involved in the protection of the Woodland caribou herd in Northern Ontario. This herd is at risk due to the logging plans that are to begin in this northern boreal forest. Earthroots is pressuring the Minister of the Environment ensure that caribou preservation is a priority in the province. This species requires protection from the destructing forestry industry. This organization aims to empower Canadians to advocate environmental protection. They carry out media events, wilderness research projects to help in proper forest management and planning and mobilizing the public to help fight for preservation. Reports: Earthroots. "Forest Management in Ogoki: Compromising Caribou Conservation." Earthroots 1 (2008): 1-9. 22 Feb. 2009 The Ogoki Forest is in Northwestern Ontario, the habitat of the Woodland caribou. The recent development of a Forest Management Plan for this area will ultimately doom this species to extinction. This organization demands that the Ministry of the Environment do an Individual Environmental Assessment for this plan and the impact of logging on the caribou. Earthroots suggests that the government use this case to set an example of appropriate forest management and the importance of public consultations and caribou conservation.The province should own up to its responsibility of protecting this threatened species. Contact: Carly Armstrong Earthroots Campaigner [email protected] 705-856-0084 49 6 Wildlands League A Chapter of the Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society Website: http://www.wildlandsleague.org/default.aspx The Wildlands League aims to “combine credible science, visionary solutions and bold communication to save, protect and enhance Ontario’s wilderness areas”. They work to emphasize the importance of the boreal forest and the threats that are being faced today. Through the protection of land, caring for the forest and planning for wilderness this society also fights for the protection of the species that live in these forests, including the woodland caribou. It is recognized that the caribou rely on these forests for protection from wolves, food and shelter. The woodland species has been disappearing from this ecosystem due to roads, logging and development that have influenced their use reliance on the forest. Reports: CPAWS Wildlands League’s submission on “Recovery Strategy for Forest-dwelling Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Ontario (draft February 3, 2005). http://www.wildlandsleague.org/attachments/2006.08.WL.Comments.caribou.strategy.pd f This strategy assessment points out certain aspects of the recovery strategy that are missing. Missing key points included steps to identify and protect critical caribou habitat and commitment to legislative protection. The Wildland League offers 9 recommendations and critiques. The critical examination of this report includes the distortion of public process by the Ministry of Natural resources, the delay in action by the government, the late stage of critical habitat identification, the lack of immediate steps to protect critical caribou habitat, the lack of industrial development deferral in the forested habitat, lack of legislated protection of habitat, and the recommendation status of the plan that does not ensure implementation. These critical points are followed by 9 recommendations for the Caribou Strategy. Media: Gorrie, Peter. "Woodland Caribou- Elusive creatures of the forest." The Toronto Star 11 Nov. 2006. 22 Feb. 2009 50 7. Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society (CPAWS) Website: http://www.cpaws.org/ CPAWS is a national community based public wilderness protection organization that was created in 1963. They have been involved with establishing two thirds of Canada’s protected wild spaces. CPAWS created the ‘Caribou and You’ program to help spread the concern for the protection of the boreal forest and the caribou populations. It engages the public through awareness and news updates and suggestions on what people can do to help. CPAWS Quebec: Caribou are labeled as vulnerable with only 5% of their habitat protected. CPAWS and the Ouje-Bougoumou Cree community are working together to create the Assinica Cree Heritage Park. CPAWS Quebec are pressuring the Quebec government to publish and implement a woodland caribou recovery plan. There are only 6000 to 12000 caribou remaining in Quebec. Quebec has an Endangered Species Law, but it fails to protect their habitat. Website: http://www.snapqc.org/en CPAWS Newfoundland/Labrador: CPAWS aims to create a 21000km national park reserve that will protect the Mealy Mountains, which is the largest habitat for the woodland caribou population in this area. They are currently trying to convince the Government of Canada to reassess the status of Newfoundland’s woodland caribou as evidence of population declines have become more prevalent. Publications: CPAWS. "Caribou, where are you?." Canadian Wilderness Winter 2008: 1-24. 22 Feb. 2009 This publication looks at the impact of development on the boreal forest and the implications for the caribou. It also looks at the present state of Canada’s woodland caribou and their importance as we are faced with the growing problems associated with climate change. News from CPAWS: http://caribouandyou.ca/news/ This link provides access to the most recent posted caribou news from CPAWS. Articles reporting on recent approval of development in Ontario and its impact on the critical habitat of the woodland caribou and also including CPAWS recommendations to the federal government on the forest industry’s development and investment in environmental land use plans to identify habitats that should be protected. 51 "CPAWS | CPAWS-Newfoundland welcomes province's study of Woodland caribou." CPAWS | Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society. 10 Mar. 2009 This article discusses the recognition by the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador that the Woodland caribou population is decreasing. In response they created a five year strategy to study the issues behind this decline. They focused on the role of predators and the effect of increased predator hunting. CPAWS warns that the government should be cautious to focus specifically on predators as habitat loss also plays a large role. The underlying causes of fragmentation could ultimately be affecting both species and disrupting the balance. "CPAWS | Half of Ontario's northern Boreal to be protected." CPAWS | Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society. 2 Mar. 2009 This article recognizes the protection of 22.5 million hectares of Boreal Forest in Ontario. The future of this land is being planned out through an innovative Land Use Planning initiative in cooperation with the First Nations. There was also a commitment to work with the First Nations and get their consent before industrial projects are approved. The Mining Act was also changed to respect the rights of First Nations and the free access clause in the Act. Contact: Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society National Office 506-250 City Centre Avenue Ottawa, ON K1R 6K7 Telephone: 613-569-7226 Fax: 613-569-7098 Email: [email protected] Web: www.cpaws.org Boreal program, caribou campaign, forestry Aran O'Carroll, National Manager, Legislative and Regulatory Affairs ext. 231 Conservation and climate change Chris Henschel, National Manager of Domestic and International Affairsl ext. 220 52 7. The Wilderness Committee Website: http://www.wildernesscommittee.org/org/ This is a committee founded in British Columbia in 1980, that is current the biggest membership based, citizen funded wilderness preservation organization in Canada. They work to protect Canada’s biodiversity through research, mapping programs and strategic alliances with other groups. Their programs focus on protecting Canada’s Wild lands, safeguarding Canada’s Wildlife, defending public lands, keeping the Pacific Coast Wild and Supporting healthy communities. Publications "Caribou Nation, Coast to Coast to Coast." Wilderness Committee Education Report Apr. 2005. 14 Feb. 2009 This online publication is a great resource because it provides a North American perspective on the major caribou herds and the challenges they are currently facing. This resource provides a North American map of ranges and habitats of caribou. It includes the Woodland, Peary and Barren ground herds and the provinces in which they live, their status, population, range and threats. An important link includes the “Strong Measures Needed Across Caribou Nation” that focuses on the key players that have to play a role in the protection of the Canadian caribou and their habitat. The key players identified are the Federal government, the provinces and territories and all industries that operate in the critical caribou habitat. It points out the weaknesses and opportunities for these players to be responsible and do what’s best for the caribou populations. The articles identify the current direction of habitat loss and threats to the caribou, their current status and what needs to be done to help save these animals. (Link:http://www.wildernesscommittee.org/campaigns/wildlife/caribou/reports/Vol24No 04/measures) "Caribou at the Crossroads." Wilderness Committee Education Report Spring/Summer 2003. 14 Feb. 2009 This report focuses on the woodland caribou populations in Manitoba. They are being threatened by industrial development that is destroying their habitat. The provincial government created a ‘Woodland Caribou Conservation Strategy’, which declared the need for legal protection of the woodland caribou range in Manitoba. This issue looks at the current forms of activities that need to be stopped, including mining, clear-cut logging, hyro transmission lines and road development. There is also emphasis put on the role that First Nations communities will play through consultation and collaborative efforts. Manitoba’s east shore is one of Canada’s most significant sections of boreal forest and requires the creation of a caribou sanctuary that can be a model for other provinces to follow. This is an important habitat for the woodland caribou as it is a 53 critical and fragile ecosystem that provides the woodland caribou with breeding grounds and lichen food sources. The report also establishes the changes required to the ‘East Side Planning Initiative’ that needs to include provisions that incorporate scientific research and the full protection of woodland caribou habitat and an ecology first approach to this planning process. Contact: Wilderness Committee - National Office 227 Abbott Street Vancouver BC V6B 2K7 CANADA Phone: 604-683-8220 www.wildernesscommittee.org Wilderness Committee — Manitoba 54 8. Manitoba Wetlands Website: http://manitobawildlands.org/about.htm This is a non-profit environmental organization that continues the protected areas work of the World Wildlife Fund Canada and Nature Canada in Manitoba. This organization works with communities, industry and environmental organizations. They provide information regarding public processes regarding lands and waters, use of crown lands and water, technical information about lands decisions and processes. Manitoba Wildlands also profiles environmental conservation organizations in Canada. This organization provides links to recent news and updates regarding the caribou populations and conservation strategies. This site provides information on the protected areas in Manitoba, the areas of economic development, consultations and legislation and land use planning. Contact: info @ ManitobaWildlands.org Call us at: (204) 944-9593 9. Institute for Environmental Monitoring and Research Website: http://www.iemr.org/home.html This organization does unbiased scientific research in Labrador and northeastern Quebec. They look at areas and ecosystems that are impacted by the low-level flying military program. The institute makes recommendations to the Ministers of the Environment and the National Defence concerning policy issues relating the impact of their activities. This organization is currently involved in caribou research including classification, migratory mapping, population simulations, collaring and presentations to the Caribou Technical Committee. The herds studied include the River woodland caribou, the Red Wine, Lac Joesph, Joir River and George River caribou. Caribou research website: http://www.iemr.org/research_Caribou.html Reports: 1. Joir River Woodland Caribou Classification Report, March 2008 Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/classification_joir_river_2008_en.pdf Pdf location: Management Boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Joir River Woodland Caribou Classification Report March 2008 This report is of the herd classification done in March 2008. There were 8 groups of caribou identified. The report contains the locations of these caribou by aerial telemetry. 55 2. Red Wine Woodland Caribou Recollaring, Feb- March 2008 Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/RedWine_Project_english_2008.pdf This report contains the location and replacement of collars on Red Wine Caribou. The location of replacement was documented and mapped. Pdf location: Management boards -> Institute for Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Red Wine Woodland Caribou Recollaring Feb and March 2008RedWine_Project_english_2008 3. Joir River Woodland Caribou Project Report, R. Jeffery, Wildlife Division 2006- 2007, October 2007. Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/joirreiver_en_fr_2006_2007.pdf This report contains a density distribution survey of the Joir River Woodland caribou, the classification of these caribou and the replacement of two collars. There were 75 caribou found in the high-density study area. They were divided into 9 different groups and 6 of the 10 satellite collars were seen. The population estimate for the area was 178 caribou. These results are analyzed as calf/female ratios are examined and discussed. Pdf: Management boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Joir River Woodland Caribou Project Report 2006- 2007 4. Red Wine Woodland Caribou Project Report 2006- 2007 link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/RedWine_en_fr_2006_007.pdf This report includes the collar replacement and classification of the Red Wine Caribou Herd in 2006 and 2007. Pdf: Management Boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Red Wine Woodland Caribou Project Report 2006- 2007 5. Lac Joseph Woodland Caribou Project Report 2006-2007 Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/lacJo_en_fr_2006_2007.pdf This report contains information on the classification of the Lac Joseph Woodland Caribou herd in 2006- 2007. Pdf: Management Boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring Title: Lac Joseph Woodland Caribou Project report 2006_2007 56 2. George River Caribou Report 2006- 2007 Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/GeorgRiver_en_fr_2006_2007.pdf This document contains information on the capture and collaring of caribou in the George River herd in 2006 and 2007. Pdf: Management Boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring Title: George River Caribou Report 2006- 2007 7. Demography of the Migratory tundra caribou of the Nord du Quebec region and Labrador Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/Caribou_Demography_English.pdf Couturier, S., D. Jean, R. Otto and S. Rivard. 2004. Demography of the migratory tundra caribou (Rangifer tarandus) of the Nord-du-Quebec region and Labrador. Ministere des Ressources naturelles, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de l’amenagement de la faune du Nord du Quebec and Direction de la rechereche sur la faune. Quebec. 68p. This report contains two surveys done in July 2001 by the government of Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador. It was done to assess the caribou in a study area that was nearly 1 000 000 km large and to estimate the number of animals in these herds. Pdf: Management Boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Demography of the Migratory tundra caribou of the Nord du Quebec region and Labrador 8. Presentation to the Caribou Technical Committee- Interactions between caribou, moose and wolf by Rehaume Courtois Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/Caribou-Wolf-Moose_2004-01-20.pdf Pdf: Management Boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Presentation to the Caribou Technical Committee on Caribou-Wolf-Moose_2004- 01-20 9. Body condition, space use and demography of caribou in Quebec- Labrador: From Individual to metapopulation. Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/R_Caribou/InstitutMars2004040317.pdf This report provides information on Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador herds and results from a condition study done in 2004. Pdf: Management Boards-> Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Presentation to the Caribou Technical Committee on body condition spaceuse and demography 57 10. Eleventh Annual Report: Institute for Environment Monitoring and Research 2007 Link: http://www.iemr.org/pdfs/Annual_report_2007_English.pdf This report provides the status of caribou herds being researched along with recommendations based on environmental monitoring and research. Habitat data, panel recommendation, government decisions and institute responses are also included in the reports Appendix. Pdf: : Management boards -> Institute for Environmental Monitoring and Research Title: Annual_report_2007_English Contacts: Happy Valley-Goose Bay Office Office of the Chair Telephone: (709) 896-3266 Telephone: (506) 863-2056 Fax: (709) 896-3076 Fax: (506) 863-2000 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Institute for Environmental Institute for Environmental Monitoring and Research Monitoring and Research P.O. Box 1859, Stn. "B" P.O. Box 1722 114 Hamilton River Road Moncton, NB Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Labrador E1C 9X5 A0P 1E0 Video Clips 1. Animated Movements of the Porcupine Caribou Site: http://www.learner.org/jnorth/tm/caribou/MigAnimation.html This animation used 10 years of satellite tracking data to show the annual migration of the Porcupine caribou herd. Caribou in the News Project Caribou News This is a blogspot where you can post the latest news stories, as well as archived stories that feature the wild caribou of North America. It is a support page for the Project Caribou that was established as a learning resource for grades K-12. Sources include the Winnipeg Free Press, Anchorage Daily News (Alaska), The Canadian Press (Vancouver) http://caribounews.blogspot.com/ 58