PACIFIC SEABIRDS

A Publication of the Pacific Seabird Group

Volume 36 Number 2 Fall 2009 PACIFIC SEABIRD GROUP Dedicated to the Study and Conservation of Pacific Seabirds and Their Environment The Pacific Seabird Group (PSG) was formed in 1972 due to the need for better communication among Pacific seabird researchers. PSG provides a forum for the research activities of its members, promotes the conservation of seabirds, and informs members and the public of issues relating to Pacific Ocean seabirds and their environment. PSG members include research scientists, conservation professionals, and members of the public from all parts of the Pacific Ocean. The group also welcomes seabird professionals and enthusiasts in other parts of the world. PSG holds annual meetings at which scientific papers and symposia are presented; abstracts for meetings are published on our web site. The group is active in promoting conservation of seabirds, include seabird/fisheries interactions, monitoring of seabird populations, seabird restoration following oil spills, establishment of seabird sanctuaries, and endangered species. Policy statements are issued on conservation issues of critical importance. PSG’s journals are Pacific Seabirds (formerly the PSG Bulletin) and Marine Ornithology. Other publications include symposium volumes and technical reports; these are listed near the back of this issue. PSG is a member of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Ornithological Council, and the American Bird Conservancy. Annual dues for membership are $30 (individual and family); $24 (student, undergraduate and graduate); and $900 (Life Membership, payable in five $180 installments). Dues are payable to the Treasurer; see the PSG web site, or the Membership Order Form next to inside back cover. World Wide Web Site http://www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

Donations The Pacific Seabird Group is a nonprofit organization incorporated under the laws of the State of California. Contributions to the Pacific Seabird Group are tax deductible [IRS Section 501(c)(3)] to the fullest extent allowed by law.

Pacific Seabirds Pacific Seabirds publishes short peer-reviewed articles, reports of ongoing work, conservation news, and other items of importance to seabird science and conservation in the Pacific Ocean. The journal is published twice a year in spring and fall. Materials should be submitted to the Editor, except that conservation-related material should be submitted to the Associate Editor for Conservation. Information for contributors to Pacific Seabirds is published in each Fall issue. Back issues of the PSG Bulletin (volumes 1–20) and Pacific Seabirds (volumes 21 on) are posted on the group’s web site, or they may be ordered from the treasurer (see Membership/Order Form on last page for details). Submission deadlines are April 1 for the spring issue and October 1 for the fall issue; manuscripts may be submitted at any time. Pacific Seabirds Editor Vivian M. Mendenhall, 4600 Rabbit Creek Rd., Anchorage, AK 99516-4177, USA. Telephone (907) 345-7124; Fax (907) 345-0686; e-mail: [email protected]. Associate Editor for Conservation Craig S. Harrison, 4953 Sonoma Mountain Road, Santa Rosa, CA 95404, USA. Telephone: (202) 778‑2240, Fax: (202) 778- 2201, e‑mail: [email protected] Assistant Editors for Conservation: S. Kim Nelson and Mark Rauzon.

Assistant Editor for Regional Reports in This Issue Craig S. Strong

Marine Ornithology Marine Ornithology presents peer-reviewed contributions concerning international seabird science and conservation. The journal is published two times a year. It is available on its web site or by subscription. The journal is supported by a partnership of global seabird societies, including the Pacific Seabird Group (PSG), African Seabird Group, Australasian Seabird Group, the Seabird Group (U.K.), Dutch Seabird Group, and Japan Seabird Group. For further information see www.marineornithology.org Change of Address Send changes of address to the PSG Treasurer, Ron LeValley, P.O. Box 324, Little River, CA 95456-0519, USA. Telephone: (707) 496-3326 (cell), (707) 937-1742 (work); fax: (707) 442-4303; e-mail: [email protected] or ron@ madriverbio.com PACIFIC SEABIRDS A Publication of the Pacific Seabird Group

Dedicated to the Study and Conservation of Pacific Seabirds and Their Environment Volume 36 2009 Number 2

Lifetime Achievement Award Haruo Ogi. By Lora L. Leschner and Robert H. Day ...... 32 Translated into Japanese by Yasuko Suzuki ...... 36

Special Achievement Award Yutaka Watanuki. By Jim Lovvorn ...... 40 Translated into Japanese by Yasuko Suzuki ...... 43

Conservation Report ...... 45

Meeting News First World Seabird Conference ...... 50

Regional Reports Alaska ...... 51 Canada ...... 55 Washington and Oregon ...... 59 Northern California ...... 63 Southern California ...... 66 Non-Pacific United States ...... 67 Hawai‘i and the Pacific ...... 68 Latin America ...... 69 Asia ...... 70

General Information Information on the Pacific Seabird Group ...... Inside Front Cover Information for Contributors to Pacific Seabirds ...... 71 Publications of the Pacific Seabird Group ...... 73 PSG Committee Coordinators ...... 75 PSG Life Members and Recipients of Awards ...... 76 Membership Application and Order Form ...... 77 PSG Executive Council for 2009 ...... Inside Back Cover LIFETIME AND SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS

The Pacific Seabird Group occasionally honors outstanding contributors to seabird science and conservation with Lifetime Achievement or Special Achievement Awards. At the 36th Annual Meeting in Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan, PSG presented the Lifetime Achievement Award to Professor Haruo Ogi and the Special Achievement Award to Dr. Yutaka Watanuki. A report on the Hakodate meeting was published in Pacific Seabirds 36(1):12.

LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD: HARUO OGI Lora L. Leschner and Robert H. Day

a Professor in the Graduate School of Common and Thick-billed Murres. One Fisheries Sciences, and he was named research scientist viewing the slides an Emeritus Professor there upon his exclaimed later, “Those are thousands retirement in 2002. of dead murres! Murres that died as a result of fisheries bycatch. No wonder EARLY CONNECTIONS AND the Japanese fisheries organizations were CONTRIBUTIONS concerned!” Ogi-san documented not only the food habits of seabirds, but also While George Divoky, one of the the tremendous loss of birds to fisheries Pacific Seabird Group’s (PSG’s) found- bycatch. ing members, was compiling names Ogi-san was an important presence of those interested in the new PSG in at early PSG meetings. His attendance 1973, he corresponded regularly with a at those meetings meant much to the graduate student named Haruo Ogi. Dr. organization, not only because of the Ogi offered encouragement for PSG’s distance he had to travel to attend, but desire to provide a unified voice for also because he was the main indication seabird researchers and conservation. Dr. that PSG truly was the international Ogi became one of the first members of organization it aspired to be. The papers Haruo Ogi was born in Tokyo in PSG, and his name is listed in Volume 1, that Ogi-san presented on seabird by- 1940. He began his studies of marine Number 1 of the PSG Bulletin. catch combined the two primary facets ecology with his Bachelor’s degree in While Ogi-san was still a gradu- Fisheries in 1969 and his Master’s the- ate student, he attended the First An- sis on the feeding ecology of Sockeye nual Meeting of the PSG in Issaquah, Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in 1971. Washington, in December 1974. Some He started his studies of seabirds in the of the money to help him attend came 1970s at Hokkaido University, where from the National Headquarters of the he studied food and feeding habits of National Audubon Society, and it was the the Common Murre and Thick-billed first grant money ($500) that PSG ever Murre (Uria aalge and U. lomvia) in received. Dr. Ogi was studying seabird the Okhotsk Sea, northern North Pacific ecology on Japanese fishing boats, and he Ocean, and Bering Sea. In 1977, he began explained that the Japanese government working as an Assistant at Hokkaido Uni- and fishing industry were very concerned versity, where he recently had received about his presentation to the US scien- his Ph.D. He was promoted to Instructor tists. The meeting attendees soon learned in 1980, Associate Professor in 1984, and why: Ogi-san presented slide after slide Professor in 1995. In 2000, he was named with columns of data on food habits of

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 32 LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Haruo Ogi of what the PSG hoped to encourage: applied to Japan and, especially, Teuri specimens from drift-gillnet fisheries; solid seabird research, combined with Island. Teuri was home to one of the the at-sea distribution of Short-tailed the identification of important conser- largest Rhinoceros Auklet colonies in Albatrosses (Phoebastria albatrus), vation issues requiring the attention of the world, and also home to a Japanese Mottled Petrels (Pterodroma inexpec- agencies and governments. As a result of fishing village that was very fond of tata), and Thick-billed Murres in the his attendance and the scientific papers cats. The visiting biologists discussed North Pacific and Bering Sea; the at-sea he presented at the early PSG meetings, fishing regulations to protect seabirds, ecology of Short-tailed Shearwaters Ogi-san inspired the group’s early con- decoys to attract murres to nesting is- (Puffinus tenuirostris) and Tufted Puffins servation efforts to reduce the bycatch of lands, seabird research, and, of course, (Fratercula cirrhata); and the mortality seabirds in the North Pacific Ocean and the impact of predators such as cats on of seabirds in the Japanese drift-gillnet Bering Sea. In 1976–1977, Ogi-san also seabird colonies. salmon fishery. He also began his first research on organochlorines contamina- became a member of PSG’s Executive tion in seabirds, heavy-metals concen- Council as a Regional Representative A SCIENTIST OF WIDE- trations in zooplankton prey eaten by for the Pacific Rim. RANGING INTERESTS seabirds, and avian influenza in migrant Ogi-san made a number of lifelong Over the course of his career, Profes- shorebirds. friends at that first PSG meeting. George sor Ogi has made significant contribu- The 1990s brought another flurry of Divoky assisted in organizing the meet- tions to our understanding of the at-sea publications. Professor Ogi published or ing, and he was speechless, a regrettably ecology and conservation of seabirds and coauthored papers on topics as diverse as uncommon condition for him, when the marine ecology of the North Pacific the contamination of seabirds by heavy Ogi-san asked George to follow him to and the Bering Sea. A quick glance at metals and plastic pollution; migra- a secluded corner of a meeting room and the partial bibliography of publications tory dynamics of seabirds as indicated presented him with a tie clasp decorated of Professor Ogi (see below) reflects his by stable isotopes; the breeding ecol- with a Japanese duck. The formality wide-ranging interests in marine ecol- ogy of Spectacled Guillemots (Cepphus and solemnity of the gift presentation, ogy and, especially, in the ecology and carbo) and Black-tailed Gulls (Larus Ogi-san’s clear pleasure in providing conservation of seabirds. crassirostris) in Japan; the parasitology the gift, and Divoky’s lack of anything Dr. Ogi has specialized in marine of seabirds; the at-sea distribution and with which he could reciprocate never ecology and anthropogenic threats to abundance of Short-tailed Albatrosses made George feel more like a “Yankee marine ecosystems. He has published or and Mottled Petrels; conservation issues barbarian.” has been a coauthor on numerous papers facing nesting Streaked Shearwaters Lora Leschner, then a University of on the feeding ecology of seabirds; the (Calonectris leucomelas) in Japan; the Washington graduate student studying at-sea distribution and abundance of feeding ecology of Sooty Shearwaters Rhinoceros Auklets (Cerorhinca monoc- seabirds; the at-sea biology and molt of (Puffinus griseus)in the North Pacific erata), was Ogi-san’s host and guide shearwaters and albatrosses; fisheries and of murres caught in coastal Japanese at the first meeting and subsequently bycatch of seabirds; plastic pollution of fisheries in winter; and conservation has been a friend for nearly 35 years. seabirds and the oceans; the breeding issues facing Black-footed Albatrosses Ogi-san had to commute to and from biology of seabirds; the parasitology of (Phoebastria nigripes). He also coau- the Issaquah meeting with a carload of seabirds; avian influenza; the contamina- thored an important paper on the mortal- other graduate students, who stayed at tion of seabirds by hydrocarbons, plastic ity of seabirds in the highly controversial Lora’s house to save lodging fees. Dur- pollutants, and heavy metals; and seabird drift-gillnet fishery for neon flying squid ing those drives, he shared stories of his conservation. (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the oceanic adventures working at sea and of life in Professor Ogi’s research interests North Pacific. Japan. Over the years, Ogi-san shared have changed over the years but always Although he retired from Hokkaido his Japanese publications with Lora and have concentrated primarily on seabirds. University in 2002, Professor Ogi con- other PSG friends. In the 1970s, he published papers on tinued publishing on a variety of topics. Ogi-san was one of the organizers of the feeding ecology of Common and However, his recent interests have shifted the first Japanese Seabird Conference in Thick-billed murres in the eastern Ber- more toward studies of the contamination Haboro, Japan, in June 1996. The theme ing Sea and the Okhotsk Sea, based of seabirds and conservation issues fac- of that meeting was the conservation of primarily on murres killed as bycatch ing seabirds and the oceans. Papers that seabirds. He invited North American in drift-gillnet salmon fisheries. In the he has published or coauthored since researchers that he met through PSG to 1980s, he published or coauthored pa- 2000 include topics such as the transfer tell Japanese officials and conservation- pers on the feeding ecology of murres of contaminants from adult Black-tailed ists about conservation strategies in the and shearwaters in the North Pacific and Gulls to their eggs; conservation issues United States and Canada that could be the western Bering Sea, again based on facing nesting Streaked Shearwaters

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 33 LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Haruo Ogi in Japan; contamination of the oceans Terry reflected on his time as an observer Award for his long-term contributions and beaches by plastic pollution and on Japanese vessels: “Fortunately, they to the study and conservation of Pacific their accompanying PCBs; and seabird made up in English what I totally lacked seabirds, and for his role as a founding bycatch issues. in Japanese. Altogether, my introduction member of the Pacific Seabird Group. Perhaps Professor Ogi’s most sig- to some of the Japanese culture (at least nificant contributions, in his career of at sea) over several cruises was due in PARTIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF major contributions, have been in his part to Dr. Ogi.” PUBLICATIONS BY PROFESSOR research on the at-sea feeding ecology When Robert Day was an oceanogra- HARUO OGI of seabirds and on the bycatch mortality phy graduate student at the University of Agusa, T., T. Matsumoto, T. Ikemoto, Y. of seabirds in Japanese fisheries. Many Alaska in the 1980s, he also was encour- Anan, R. Kubota, G. Yasunaga, T. Kunito, of the feeding studies have involved aged by Professor Ogi. Day studied the S. Tanabe, H. Ogi, and Y. Shibata. 2005. analyses of birds from remote parts of macroscale distribution and abundance Body distribution of trace elements in the Bering sea and the oceanic North of seabirds in the oceanic North Pacific Black-tailed Gulls from Rishiri Island, Pacific; it is not too strong a statement on the Oshoro Maru. In addition, Profes- Japan: age-dependent accumulation and that, without his research, we would have sor Ogi graciously helped an assistant transfer to feathers and eggs. Environ Toxicol Chem 24:2107–2120. no understanding at all of this important of Day’s (the late Michael Newcomer), Endo, S., R. Tazikawa, K. Okuda, H. Takada, phase in the annual life cycle of seabirds. who was collecting data for him while K. Chiba, H. Kanehoro, H. Ogi, and R. In addition, his work on seabird bycatch with Professor Ogi on the R/V Hokusei Yamashita. 2005. Concentration of poly- provided important glimpses into a con- Maru, another of Hokkaido University’s chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in beached servation issue about which most North fisheries research ships. Unfortunately, resin pellets: variability among individual Americans were unaware. because the Hokusei Maru always left particles and regional differences. Mar Hakodate before the Oshoro Maru did, Poll Bull 50:1103–1114. Bob was able to meet Professor Ogi Hamanaka, T., and H. Ogi. 1984. Cadmium EDUCATION, COOPERATION, and zinc concentrations in the hyperiid only once, when the Hokusei Maru was AND INSPIRATION amphipod, Parathemisto libellula, from delayed in leaving port. the Bering Sea. Bull Faculty Fisheries, One of Professor Ogi’s biggest con- Hokkaido University 35:171–178. tributions has been the recruitment and Hayashi, K., H. Ogi, M. Tsurumi, and F. Sato. guidance of students interested in seabird A LIFETIME OF CONTRIBUTIONS 1997. Present status and conservation ecology. Ogi-san and his students sal- of Black-footed Albatross population vaged specimens from fisheries bycatch Although retired from Hokkaido in the North Pacific and on Torishima. J and examined diet, skeletal characteris- University, Dr. Ogi still is active in Yamashina Inst Ornithol 29:97–101. tics, breeding status, and contamination ornithology. He now is a Visiting Honda, J., J. Eduardo Marcovecchio, S. Kan, of seabirds by hydrocarbons, plastic Researcher at the Yamashina Institute R. Tatsukawa, and H. Ogi. 1990. Metal concentrations in pelagic seabirds from pollutants, and heavy metals. During for Ornithology, serves as an adviser the North Pacific Ocean. Arch Environ his time as a faculty member at Hok- to the Japanese Seabird Group, and is Contam Toxicol 19:704–711. kaido University, Professor Ogi was an an academic adviser to the Wild Bird Honda, E., H. Kida, R. Yanagawa, Y. Mat- advisor for many graduate students who Society of Japan. Dr. Ogi received the suura, K. Yagyu, M. Tsuji, K. Ueno, N. were studying seabirds; he also was on Yamashina Award from the Yamashina Yamauchi, S. Mishima, H. Ogi, and K. the graduate committees of numerous Institute for Ornithology in 2000. This Shimazaki. 1981. Survey of influenza students who were studying other aspects award is presented to an individual who viruses in feral birds in 1979 and isolation of marine ecology. has made remarkable and important of a strain possessing Hav6Nav5 from the cloaca of an eastern Dunlin. Jpn J Veterin Dr. Ogi encouraged many scientists, contributions to the development of Res 29:83–87. especially those interested in seabirds, in Japan’s ornithology or to the protection Ito, S., and H. Ogi. 1999. Flight speed mea- at-sea research. Terry Wahl, an ornitholo- of Japanese birds. surement of Short-tailed Shearwaters gist in Washington state, credits Ogi- Professor Ogi truly embodies PSG’s Puffinus tenuirostris recorded by ship- san’s influence in having a major influ- goals: to increase the quality and quan- loading radar. J Yamashina Inst Ornithol ence on his career. Terry was interested tity of seabird research by facilitating 31:88–93. [In Japanese with English in the opportunity to study seabirds from the exchange of information, to identify summary] Kubota, R., T. Kunito, S. Tanabe, H. Ogi, and Japanese fishing boats. Ogi-san made the threats to seabird populations, and to Y. Shibata. 2001. Maternal transfer of ar- arrangements for the trip and arranged provide government agencies and oth- senic to eggs of Black-tailed Gull (Larus for a graduate student to meet Terry, tour ers with expert advice on eliminating crassirostris) from Rishiri Island, Japan. Hokkaido, and get him aboard the R/V those threats and managing populations. Appl Organometal Chem 16:463–468. Oshoro Maru, a fisheries-research ship Professor Ogi is receiving the Pacific Minami, H., M. Aotsuka, T. Terasawa, N. that belonged to Hokkaido University. Seabird Group’s Lifetime Achievement Maruyama, and H. Ogi. 1995. Breeding

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 34 LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Haruo Ogi

ecology of the Spectacled Guillemot Ninth Annual Meeting of PICES, Hok- Ohshima Island by seaweed gatherers. (Cepphus carbo) on Teuri Island. J kaido, Japan, October 20–28, 2000. Wildl Conserv Jpn 1:55–67. Yamashina Inst Ornithol 27:30–40. [In Ogi, H. 2007. The trials of the Streaked Ogi, H., and K. Ryu. 2001. Present status Japanese with English summary] Shearwater on Japan’s largest uninhabited and future guideline for conservation Minami, H., and H. Ogi. 1997. Determina- island, Oshima-Ohshima. Ocean Policy of the Streaked Shearwater breeding tion of migratory dynamics of the Sooty Res Fndn Newsletter, No. 155 (20 Janu- population on Oshima Ohshima Island, Shearwater in the Pacific using stable ary 2007). Hokkaido. Bull Fisheries Sci, Hokkaido carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. Mar Ogi, H. 2008. International and national University 52:71–93. [In Japanese with Ecol Progr Ser 158:249–256. problems in fisheries seabird by-catch. J English summary] Minami, H., M. Minagawa, and H. Ogi. 1995. Disaster Res 3:187–195. Ogi, H., H. Sasaki, M. Ohtani, K. Wata- Changes in stable carbon and nitrogen Ogi, H., H. Akutagawa, M. Yoshida, M. Sato, nabe, M. Matsushiro, I. Shouji, and Y. isotope ratios in Sooty and Short-tailed Y. Hayashi, and M. Tanaka. 1994. Two Hayasaka. 1992. Three Ardeidae species shearwaters during their northward mi- sighting records of the Black-capped sighted in the sea of Japan off southwest gration. Condor 97:565–574. Kingfisher (Halcyon pileata) on Oshima Hokkaido. J Yamashina Inst Ornithol Nagasawa, K., V. Barus, and H. Ogi. 1998. Ooshima Island in Hokkaido, North- 24:94–95. Stegophorus stellaepolaris (Parona, l901) ern Japan. J Yamashina Inst Ornithol Ogi, H., and M. Sato. 1991. Some observa- (Nematoda: Acuariidae) collected from 26:140–143. tions of birds on Oshima Ooshima Island, Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) of the Ogi, H., and H. Fujimura. 1989. Sighting of a Hokkaido, in October. Jpn J Ornithol 39: Bering Sea. J Yamashina Inst Ornithol Short-tailed Albatross near Buldir Island. 01–102. 31: 31–35. Bull Appl Ornithol 9:7–8. Ogi, H., F. Sato, A. Mitanura, T. Baba, and H. Ogi, H. 1977. Ecology of the seabirds in Ogi, H., and Y. Fukumoto. 2000. A sorting Oyama. 1994. A survey of Black-footed the Subarctic Pacific regions: food and method for small plastic debris floating Albatross breeding colonies and chicks feeding habits of the Common Murre on the sea surface and stranded on sandy on Torishima, January 1994. J Yamashina (Uria aalge inornata Salomonsen) and beaches. Bull Faculty Fisheries, Hok- Inst Ornithol 26:126–131. Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia [Pal- kaido University 51:71–93. Ogi, H., K. Shimazaki, and K. Nakamura. las]) in the Okhotsk Sea, northern North Ogi, H., and T. Hamanaka. 1982. The feeding 1981. Sooty Shearwaters in the Subarctic Pacific Ocean, and Bering Sea. Ph.D. ecology of Uria lomvia in the northwest- North Pacific: seasonal changes in body Thesis, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, ern Bering Sea region. J Yamashina Inst weight and molt. In S. Mishima, editor. Hokkaido, Japan. Ornithol 14:270–282. Pelagic animals and environments around Ogi, H. 1980. The pelagic feeding ecology of Ogi, H., Y. Hattori, T. Yoshino, T. Yamahara, the Subarctic Boundary in the North Pa- Thick-billed Murres in the North Pacific, N. Sawada, and T. Fukukawa. 1993. cific. Research Institute of North Pacific March–June. Bull Faculty Fisheries, Hok- Sighting of the Short-tailed Albatross Fisheries, Hokkaido University, Spec Vol. kaido University 31:50–72. over the Bering Sea. J Yamashina Inst Pp 207–215. Ogi, H. 1984. Feeding ecology of the Sooty Ornithol 25:102–104. Ogi, H., and K. Shiomi. 1991. Diet of murres Shearwater in the western Subarctic Ogi, H., M. Kiyota, H. Minami, and H. Na- caught incidentally during winter in North Pacific Ocean.In D. N. Nettleship, kano. 2004. Provisional Japanese com- northern Japan. Auk 108:184–185. G. A. Sanger, and P. F. Springer, editors. mon names of reclassified 24 albatross Ogi, H., N. Takahashi, S. Nakata, S. Ito, Y. Marine birds: their feeding ecology species. J Yamashina Inst Ornithol 35: Matsushita, and Y. Shibata. 1999. Egg- and commercial fisheries relationships. 20–226. shape variation in the Black-tailed Gull Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, ON, Ogi, H., T. Kubodera, and K. Nakamura. (Larus crassirostris) on Rishiri Island, Canada, Spec Publ. Pp 78–84. 1980. The pelagic feeding ecology of the northern Japan. Bull Faculty Fisheries, Ogi, H. 1984. Seabird mortality incidental to Short-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus tenui- Hokkaido University 50:1–10. the Japanese salmon gill-net fishery. In rostris) in the Subarctic Pacific region. J Ogi, H., N. Takahashi, and T. Sekikawa. 2000. J. P. Croxall, P. G. H. Evans, and R. W. Yamashina Inst Ornithol 12:157–182. Predation by Slaty-backed Gulls on tad- Schreiber, editors. Status and conserva- Ogi, H., and T. Miyashita. 1991. Sighting tion of the world’s seabirds. International a Gyrfalcon in the Sea of Okhotsk. J poles in rice fields. Bull Faculty Fisheries, Council for Bird Preservation, Tech Publ Yamashina Inst Ornithol 23:20–21. Hokkaido University 51:127–134. No. 2. Pp 717–721. Ogi, H., K. Momose, F. Sato, and N. Baba. Ogi, H., H. Tanaka, and T. Tsujita. 1985. Ogi, H. 1990. Ingestion of plastic particles 1994. Plastic particles found in the stom- The distribution and feeding ecology of by Sooty and Short-tailed shearwaters in ach of a starved Black-footed Albatross murres in the northwestern Bering Sea. J the North Pacific. In R. S. Shomura and (Diomedea nigripes). J Yamashina Inst Yamashina Inst Ornithol 17:44–56. M. L. Godfrey, editors. Proceedings of Ornithol 26:77–80. Ogi, H., H. Tanaka, and H. Yoshida. 1986. the Second International Conference on Ogi, H., M. W. Newcomer, H. Fujimura, and The occurrence of Mottled Petrels in the Marine Debris, 2–7 April 1990, Honolulu, S. Shiratori. 1999. Seasonal distribution Bering Sea. Mem Natl Inst Polar Res, Hawaii. U.S. Department of Commerce, of the Mottled Petrel in the northwestern Spec Issue 44:153–159. NOAA Tech Mem NOAA-TM-NMFS- North Pacific. Bull Faculty Fisheries, Ogi, H., and T. Tsujita. 1973. Preliminary ex- SWFC-154. Pp 635–652. Hokkaido University 50:45–59. amination of stomach contents of murres Ogi, H. 2000. Food and feeding habits of Ogi, H., N. Oka, and N. Maruyama. 1995. (Uria spp.) from the eastern Bering Sea marine birds in western region of north- Historical review of exploitation of and Bristol Bay, June–August, 1970 and ern North Pacific. Paper presented at the Streaked Shearwaters on Oshima 1971. Japanese J Ecol. 23: 201–209.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 35 LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Haruo Ogi

Ogi, H., and T. Tsujita. 1977. Food and Shiomi, K., and H. Ogi. 1991. Sexual and Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, ON, feeding habits of Common Murre and morphological differences based on func- Canada. Spec Publ. Pp 187–201. Thick-billed Murre in the Okhotsk Sea in tional aspects of skeletal and muscular Tanaka, H., and H. Ogi. 1986. Evaluation summer, 1972 and 1973. In S. Mishima, characteristics in breeding Tufted Puffins. of bill furrows as an age indicator in the editor. Pelagic animals and environments J Yamashina Inst Ornithol 23:85–106. [In Tufted PuffinLunda cirrhata. Mem Natl around the Subarctic Boundary in the Japanese with English summary.] Inst Polar Res, Spec Issue 44:160–166. North Pacific. Research Institute of North Shiome, K., and H. Ogi. 1992. Feeding ecol- Tanaka, H., H. Ogi, S. Tanabe, R. Tatsukawa, Pacific Fisheries, Hokkaido University, ogy and body size dependence on diet of and N. Oka. 1986. Bioaccumulation and Spec Vol. Pp 459–517. the Sooty Shearwater, Puffinus griseus, in metabolism of PCBs and DDE in Short- Ogi, H., A. Yatsu, H. Hatanaka, and A. Nitta. the North Pacific. In [Editors unknown.] tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris 1993. The mortality of seabirds by driftnet Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium during its transequitorial migration and fisheries in the North Pacific.In J. Ito, W. on Polar Biology, Number 5. National in the wintering and breeding grounds. Shaw, and R. L. Burgner, editors. Sympo- Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan. Mem Natl Inst Polar Res, Spec Issue sium on biology, distribution, and stock Pp 105–113. [Note: Shiomi sometimes is 40:434–442. assessment of species caught in the high transliterated as Shiome.] Watanabe, M., T. Kunisue, M. Nakai, H. seas drift net fisheries in the North Pacific Springer, A. M., A. Y. Kondratyev, H. Ogi, Iwata, H. Ogi, Y. Shibata, and S. Tanabe. Ocean. Bull Intl N Pacific Fish Comm, Yu. V. Shibaev, and G. B. van Vliet. 2002. Accumulation features and mother- No. 53:499–518. 1993. Status, ecology, and conservation egg transfer patterns of organochlorines in Sato, M., H. Ogi, M. Tanaka, and A. Sugi- of Synthliboramphus murrelets and auk- Black-tailed Gull. Paper presented at the yama. 1997. Band-bellied Crake (Ral- lets. In K. Vermeer, K. T. Briggs, K. H. 2002 Annual Meeting of the Society for lina paykullii) taken at Oshima Ohshima Morgan, and D. Siegel-Causey, Editors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemis- Island, Hokkaido, Japan. J Yamashina Inst The status, ecology, and conservation try. Salt Lake City, UT.LAA Ornithol 29:102–107. of marine birds of the North Pacific.

永年功労賞：小城春雄氏 Lora L. Leschner and Robert H. Day

小城春雄氏は1940年に東京に ている。 次大会にはるばる遠い国から参加し 生まれ、海洋生態学を学び1969年 小城氏は1974年12月にワシントン たということだけではなく、小城氏 には水産学の学位を取得、紅鮭 州イサクアで開催された第一回太平 の大会参加によって同学会が真の国 (Oncorhynchus nerka)の食性の研究 洋海鳥学会年次大会には大学院生と 際的学会であるというあるべき姿を で1971年に修士号を取得した。1970 して参加した。同氏の大会参加のた 示すこととなった。小城氏の発表し 年代に北海道大学で海鳥の研究を始 めの旅費の一部はオーデュボン協会 た漁業による海鳥の混獲の研究は、 め、ウミガラス(Uria aalge)とハシブ 米国本部から授与され、それは太平 太平洋海鳥学会が奨励しようと望ん トウミガラス(U. lomvia)の餌と採食 洋海鳥学会が始めて受け取った補助 でいた２つの側面、堅実な海鳥の研 行動の研究をオホーツク海、北太平 金（500ドル）となった。当時小城氏 究と政府や関連機関が注目すべき重 洋、ベーリング海で行った。博士号 は海鳥の生態を日本の漁船を使って 要な保全問題の同定、を持ち合わせ 取得後は1977年に同大学で助手とし 研究しており、米国でその研究内容 ていた。小城氏の初期の年次大会へ て働き始め、1980年に教官、1984年 を発表するということに日本政府と の参加とそこで発表された研究論文 に助教授、1995年には教授へと昇格 漁業関係者は大変懸念しているとい は、北太平洋とベーリング海での混 した。2000年に同大学において水産 うことであった。発表ではウミガラ 獲の減少を目的とした同学会初期の 科学科大学院教授に就任し、2002年 スとハシブトウミガラスの採食習性 海鳥保全活動を活性化することとな の退官時に名誉教授となった。 のデータが次々に紹介されたが、「 った。そして小城氏は1976-1977年に 漁業の混獲によって死んだ何千羽も は環太平洋地域代表として執行委員 初期の親交と貢献 のウミガラス類からのデータではな を務めた。 太平洋海鳥学会創設者の一人であ いか。どうりで日本の漁業組合が小 小城氏は第一回太平洋海鳥学会年 るGeorge Divoky氏が1973年に同学会 城氏の発表を懸念するわけだ。」と 次大会において、生涯の親友達を得 に関心がある人々の名簿を作成して 大会に参加していた研究者は言いだ ることとなった。George Divoky氏 いた際、当時大学院生であり同学会 した。小城氏は海鳥の採食習性だけ は第一回年次大会開催を手伝ってい の海鳥研究・保全という目的に強い でなく、すさまじい数の海鳥が漁業 た際、小城氏に会場の隅に来るよう 共感を持っていた小城氏と定期的に によって混獲されていることも記録 に言われ日本ガモの飾りのついたネ 連絡を取り合っていた。小城氏は同 していたのだ。 クタイピンを渡されたが、残念なが 学会初期の会員の一人であり、その 初期の太平洋海鳥学会年次大会に らこの時ばかりはいつものDivoky氏 名前は学会会報誌第１号に記載され おいての小城氏の存在は重要で、年 らしくなく言葉が出なかった。小城

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 36 LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Haruo Ogi

氏の嬉しそうな顔とその儀式的で礼 専門的に研究し、下記の研究に関し 表した。 儀の正しい贈り物の渡し方に対して て著者又は共著者として数多くの論 北海道大学を2002年に退官した Divoky氏が何もお返しする物を持ち 文を発表してきた；海鳥の食性、 後も、小城氏は様々な分野の研究論 合わせていなかった事は、Divoky氏 海鳥の海洋における生息分布と個体 文を発表し続けており、近年は主に が今までにないくらい自身の事を“無 数、ミズナギドリとアホウドリの海 海鳥の環境汚染や海鳥と海洋環境が 教養なアメリカ人”と思わせる出来事 洋生態と換羽、漁業による海鳥の混 直面している保全問題の研究に力を だった。 獲、海鳥と海洋のプラスティック汚 注いでいる。2000年以降に著者もし 当時ワシントン大学で大学院生と 染、海鳥の繁殖生態、海鳥の寄生 くは共著者として発表している論文 してウトウ(Cerorhinca monocerata)を 虫、鳥インフルエンザ、炭化水素・ は、ウミネコの親鳥から卵への汚染 研究していたLora Leschnerは、第一 プラスティック・重金属による海鳥 物質の移行、日本で繁殖中のオオミ 回年次大会では小城氏の案内役とな の汚染、海鳥の保全。 ズナギドリが直面する保全問題、プ り、それがきっかけとなり現在は35 小城氏の研究に対する関心は長 ラスティックとそれに付髄するPCB 年来の親友である。小城氏はイサク 年の間に変化してきたが、主とし による海洋と浜辺の汚染、海鳥の混 アの年次大会では宿泊費を省こうと て海鳥に関する研究に専念してき 獲問題に関する研究等である。 Leschnerの自宅に宿泊していた為、 た。1970年代には鮭の流し刺し網漁 海洋における海鳥の食性と日本 大会会場との行き来は多くの大学院 により混獲されたウミガラスとハシ 漁業の混獲による海鳥の死亡率に関 生達と車に乗り合わせることとなっ ブトウミガラスを使って、ベーリン する研究は、小城氏の研究の中でも た。会場までの往復では同氏は自身 グ海東部とオホーツク海における食 最も著しい貢献であろう。小城氏の の海洋での研究や日本での生活につ 性を研究した。1980年代には北太平 食性に関する多くの研究には、ベー いて皆と話した。小城氏はその後も 洋とベーリング海西部で刺し網漁 リング海と北太平洋遠隔地からの海 日本国内で発表された自身の研究論 によって混獲されたウミガラス類 鳥の解析が含まれており、海鳥の年 文を長年Leschnerや同学会内の他の友 とミズナギドリ類の食性、アホウ 間の生活の中でもこのような重要な 人達と共有してきた。 ドリ(Phoebastria albatrus)、マダラ 期間に関する知識は同氏の研究をな 小城氏は1996年6月に北海道羽幌 シロハラミズナギドリ(Pterodroma くしては得られなかったといっても 町で行われた第一回日米海鳥シンポ inexpectata)、ハシブトウミガラスの 過言ではないだろう。更には小城氏 ジウム/ワークショップの主催者の一 北太平洋とベーリング海における分 の海鳥の混獲に関する研究が、北米 人で、会合のテーマは海鳥の保全で 布、ハシボソミズナギドリ(Puffinus では知られていなかった問題に光を あった。同氏は太平洋海鳥学会を通 tenuirostris)とエトピリカ(Fratercula 与えるきっかけをつくることとなっ じて知り合った北米の研究者を招待 cirrhata)の海洋生態、流し刺し網を た。 し、米国とカナダで行われている海 使った日本のサケ漁による海鳥の死 鳥保全対策が日本国内でも、特にウ 亡率の研究論文を著者又は共著者と 教育、共同研究、感化 トウの世界最大級の営巣地であり猫 して発表した。小城氏は又海鳥の有 小城氏の最も重要な貢献の一つ を可愛がる人々が多い漁村が存在す 機塩素化合物のよる汚染、海鳥の餌 は、海鳥に関心のある学生の勧誘と る天売島における海鳥保全にも応用 となる動物プランクトンの重金属濃 指導である。小城氏は混獲された多 できるということを、日本の政府関 度、渡り千鳥の鳥インフルエンザの くの海鳥を回収し、海鳥の採食、骨 係者や環境保護に携わる人々に伝え 研究も同年代に始めた。 格の特徴、繁殖状況、炭化水素・プ てもらった。訪日した研究者達は海 1990年代には小城氏は著者もしく ラスティック・重金属による汚染を 鳥を保護するための漁業規制、デコ は共著者として関わった下記のよう 生徒達と研究した。北海道大学の教 イ（模型）を使った営巣地へのウミ な幅広い分野での研究を発表した； 員を務めていた際は、海鳥の研究を ガラスの呼び寄せ、海鳥の研究、そ 海鳥の重金属とプラスティックによ している多くの学生達の顧問教官で して猫のような天敵が海鳥の営巣地 る汚染、安定同位体を用いた海鳥の あり、海洋生態の他の側面を研究し を脅かす影響などについて話し合っ 渡りの解明、日本におけるケイマフ ている大勢の学生達の顧問委員でも た。 リ(Cepphus carbo)とウミネコ(Larus あった。 crassirostris)の繁殖生態、海鳥の寄生 小城氏は多くの研究者、特に海洋 幅広い研究に関心を持つ研究者 虫、アホウドリとマダラシロハラミ での海鳥の研究に関心を持つ研究者 小城氏は長年にわたり、北太平洋 ズナギドリの海洋分布、日本で繁殖 達を激励した。ワシントン州の鳥類 とベーリング海における海鳥の海洋 中のオオミズナギドリが直面する保 学者であるTerry Wahl氏にとっては、 生態、海鳥の保全、海洋生態全般に 全問題、北太平洋におけるハイイロ 小城氏の存在が彼の将来に大きな影 ついての知識を深めるにあたって多 ミズナギドリ(Puffinus griseus)と冬季 響を及ぼした。Wahl氏は日本の漁 大な貢献をしてきた。小城氏の発表 の日本の沿岸漁業によって混獲され 船を使っての海鳥の研究に関心があ してきた研究論文のリストの一部（ たウミガラス類の食性、クロアシア り、小城氏はWahl氏の旅、そして大 下記参照）を一目見るだけで、いか ホウドリ(Phoebastria nigripes)が直面 学院生との引き合わせを手配し、更 に小城氏の海洋生態、特に海鳥の生 する保全問題。小城氏は又、大いに には北海道案内をして、北海道大学 態と保全に関する研究への関心が幅 議論を呼んでいる北太平洋における の水産調査船である「おしょろ丸」 広いかをうかがえる。 アカイカ(Ommastrephes bartramii)の流 に乗船させた。Wahl氏は当時の船上 小城氏は海洋生態学と人間が引き し刺し網漁の混獲による海鳥の死亡 での観察員である頃を振り返り「幸 起こしている海洋生態系への脅威を 率に関しての重要な論文を共著し発 運なことに、自分が日本語で話せな

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 37 LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Haruo Ogi

かった事は日本人が英語で話をして Endo, S., R. Tazikawa, K. Okuda, H. Takada, Stegophorus stellaepolaris. 山階鳥類 くれた。航海中にこのように日本の K. Chiba, H. Kanehoro, H. Ogi, and 研究所研究報告31: 31–35. [英語、 文化に初めて触れられたことは小城 R. Yamashita. 2005. Concentration 要旨のみ日本語] 氏のおかげである」と話している。 of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Ogi, H. 1977. Ecology of the seabirds in アラスカ大学で海洋学専攻の大学 in beached resin pellets: variability the Subarctic Pacific regions: food and 院生だったRobert Dayも又、1980年代 among individual particles and regional feeding habits of the Common Murre に小城氏に勇気づけられた。Dayは differences. Mar Poll Bull 50:1103– (Uria aalge inornata Salomonsen) 「おしょろ丸」に乗船して北太平洋 1114. and Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia で広範囲にわたる海鳥の分布と個体 浜中恒寧、小城春雄. 1984.ベーリング [Pallas]) in the Okhotsk Sea, northern 海における の 数を研究していた。小城氏は北海道 Parathemisto libellula North Pacific Ocean, and Bering Sea. カドミウムおよび亜鉛の蓄積濃度. 大学水産調査船「ほくせい丸」で Ph.D. Thesis, Hokkaido University, Day 北海道大學水産學部研究彙報 のためにデータの収集を行っていた 35: Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan. 171–178. [英文] 小城春雄. 1980. ハシブトウミガラス 助手（故Michael Newcomer氏）を親 林京一、小城春雄、鶴見みや古、佐藤 の食性からみた北太平洋の餌生物. 切に手伝った。「ほくせい丸」はい 文男. 1997. 北太平洋および鳥島の 北海道大學水産學部研究彙報 31: つも「おしょろ丸」よりも早く函館 クロアシアホウドリの現状と保全. 50–72. [英文] を出航してしまうため、残念なこと 山階鳥類研究所研究報告29: 97–101. Ogi, H. 1984. Feeding ecology of the にDayは「ほくせい丸」の出航が遅れ [本文は和文、英語要旨添付] Sooty Shearwater in the western た際の一度のみ、小城氏に会う機会 Honda, J., J. Eduardo Marcovecchio, S. Kan, Subarctic North Pacific Ocean. In があっただけであった。 R. Tatsukawa, and H. Ogi. 1990. Metal D. N. Nettleship, G. A. Sanger, and concentrations in pelagic seabirds from P. F. Springer, editors. Marine birds: 長年にわたる貢献 the North Pacific Ocean. Arch Environ their feeding ecology and commercial 小城氏は北海道大学を退官した後 Contam Toxicol 19:704–711. fisheries relationships. Canadian も活動的に鳥類学の研究を行ってい Honda, E., H. Kida, R. Yanagawa, Y. Wildlife Service, Ottawa, ON, Canada, る。現在は山階鳥類研究所客員研 Matsuura, K. Yagyu, M. Tsuji, K. Ueno, Spec Publ. Pp 78–84. 究員、日本海鳥グループ顧問、日 N. Yamauchi, S. Mishima, H. Ogi, and Ogi, H. 1984. Seabird mortality incidental 本野鳥の会の学術顧問を務めてい K. Shimazaki. 1981. Survey of influenza to the Japanese salmon gill-net fishery. る。2000年には、日本の鳥類学の発 viruses in feral birds in 1979 and isolation In J. P. Croxall, P. G. H. Evans, and 展、又は鳥類保全に著しく重要な貢 of a strain possessing Hav6Nav5 from R. W. Schreiber, editors. Status and 献をした人に山階鳥類研究所から授 the cloaca of an eastern Dunlin. Jpn J conservation of the world’s seabirds. Veterin Res 29:83–87. International Council for Bird 与される山階賞を受賞した。 伊藤真、小城春雄. 船舶搭載レ 小城氏は太平洋海鳥学会の目的で 1999. Preservation, Tech Publ No. 2. Pp 717– ーダーによるハシボソミズナギド 721. ある海鳥に関する研究の増加と質の リ(Puffinus tenuirostris)の飛翔速度の Ogi, H. 1990. Ingestion of plastic particles 向上を、情報交換の促進、海鳥への 計測. 山階鳥類研究所研究報告31: by Sooty and Short-tailed shearwaters 脅威の同定、政府機関や他の機関に 88–93. [本文は和文、英語要旨添付] in the North Pacific. In R. S. Shomura 対して海鳥への脅威を減少させ個体 Kubota, R., T. Kunito, S. Tanabe, H. Ogi, and M. L. Godfrey, editors. Proceedings 群を管理するために必要な専門的な and Y. Shibata. 2001. Maternal transfer of of the Second International Conference 助言によって真に体現してきた。 arsenic to eggs of Black-tailed Gull (Larus on Marine Debris, 2–7 April 1990, 太平洋の海鳥に関する研究と保 crassirostris) from Rishiri Island, Japan. Honolulu, Hawaii. U.S. Department of 全への長年にわたる貢献、そして学 Appl Organometal Chem 16:463–468. Commerce, NOAA Tech Mem NOAA- 会の創始者の一員としての役割に対 南浩史、青塚松寿、寺沢考毅、丸山直 TM-NMFS-SWFC-154. Pp 635–652. し、太平洋海鳥学会から小城氏に永 樹、小城春雄. 1995. 天売島にお Ogi, H. 2000. Food and feeding habits 年功労賞が授与された。 けるケイマフリ(Cepphus carbo)の of marine birds in western region of 繁殖生態. 山階鳥類研究所研究報 northern North Pacific. Paper presented 訳：オレゴン州立大学、鈴木康子 告27: 30–40. [本文は和文、英語要 at the Ninth Annual Meeting of PISCES, 旨添付] Hokkaido, Japan, October 20–28, 2000. (Translation: Yasuko Suzuki, Oregon Minami, H., and H. Ogi. 1997. Determination 小城春雄. 2007. 日本最大の無人島「渡 State University) of migratory dynamics of the Sooty 島大島」におけるオオミズナギド Shearwater in the Pacific using stable リの受難史. 海洋政策研究財団ニ carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. ューズレター第155号(2007年1月20 小城春雄氏の文献目録（一部のみ） Mar Ecol Progr Ser 158:249–256. 日)[和文] Agusa, T., T. Matsumoto, T. Ikemoto, Y. Minami, H., M. Minagawa, and H. Ogi. 1995. Ogi, H. 2008. International and national Anan, R. Kubota, G. Yasunaga, T. Kunito, Changes in stable carbon and nitrogen problems in fisheries seabird by-catch. J S. Tanabe, H. Ogi, and Y. Shibata. 2005. isotope ratios in Sooty and Short-tailed Disaster Res 3:187–195. Body distribution of trace elements in shearwaters during their northward Ogi, H., H. Akutagawa, M. Yoshida, M. Black-tailed Gulls from Rishiri Island, migration. Condor 97:565–574. Sato, Y. Hayashi, and M. Tanaka. 1994. Japan: age-dependent accumulation and 長澤和也、Vlastimil Barus、小城春 Two sighting records of the Black- transfer to feathers and eggs. Environ 雄. 1998. ベーリング海のハシブ capped Kingfisher (Halcyon pileata) on Toxicol Chem 24:2107–2120. トウミガラスから得られた線虫 Oshima Ooshima Island in Hokkaido,

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 38 LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Haruo Ogi

Northern Japan. J Yamashina Inst 研究所研究報告24: 94–95. [本文は Ogi, H., A. Yatsu, H. Hatanaka, and A. Ornithol 26:140–143. 英文、和文要旨添付] Nitta. 1993. The mortality of seabirds by Ogi, H., and H. Fujimura. 1989. Sighting 小城春雄、佐藤理夫. 1991. 北海道渡島 driftnet fisheries in the North Pacific.In J. of a Short-tailed Albatross near Buldir 大島における秋季の鳥類観察記録. Ito, W. Shaw, and R. L. Burgner, editors. Island. Bull Appl Ornithol 9:7–8. 日本鳥学会誌39: 101–102. [本文は Symposium on biology, distribution, and 小城春雄、福本由利. 2000. 海洋表層浮 和文、英語要旨添付] stock assessment of species caught in the 遊、および砂浜海岸漂着廃棄プラ 小城春雄、佐藤文男、三田村あまね、 high seas drift net fisheries in the North スチック微小粒子のソーティング 馬場孝夫、小山均. 1994. 1994年1月 Pacific Ocean. Bull Intl N Pacific Fish 方法. 北海道大學水産學部研究彙 の鳥島におけるクロアシアホウド Comm, No. 53:499–518. 報51: 71–93. [本文は和文、英語要 リの繁殖状況と雛について. 山階 佐藤理夫、小城春雄、田中正彦、杉山 旨添付] 鳥類研究所研究報告26: 126–131. [ 淳. 1997. 渡島大島で捕獲されたコ Ogi, H., and T. Hamanaka. 1982. The 本文は英文、和文要旨添付] ウライヒクイナについて. 山階鳥 feeding ecology of Uria lomvia in Ogi, H., K. Shimazaki, and K. Nakamura. 類研究所研究報告29: 102–107. [本 the northwestern Bering Sea region. J 1981. Sooty Shearwaters in the Subarctic 文は英文、和文要旨添付] Yamashina Inst Ornithol 14:270–282. North Pacific: seasonal changes in body 塩見浩二、小城春雄. 1991. エトピリカ 小城春雄、服部保次郎、吉野威、山原 weight and molt. In S. Mishima, editor. (Lunda cirrhata)の形態的特性と雌雄 利弘、沢田成彦、古川敏広. 1993. Pelagic animals and environments 差. 山階鳥類研究所研究報告23: 85– ベーリング海におけるアホウドリ around the Subarctic Boundary in 106. [本文は和文、英語要旨添付] の観察記録. 山階鳥類研究所研究 the North Pacific. Research Institute Shiome, K., and H. Ogi. 1992. Feeding 報告25: 102–104. [本文は英文、和 of North Pacific Fisheries, Hokkaido ecology and body size dependence on 文要旨添付] University, Spec Vol. Pp 207–215. diet of the Sooty Shearwater, Puffinus 小城春雄、清田雅史、南浩史、中野秀 Ogi, H., and K. Shiomi. 1991. Diet of murres griseus, in the North Pacific. In [Editors 樹. 2004. アホウドリ類の和名に caught incidentally during winter in unknown.] Proceedings of the NIPR 関する試案. 山階鳥類学雑誌35: northern Japan. Auk 108:184–185. Symposium on Polar Biology, Number 220–226. [本文は和文、英語要旨 小城春雄、高橋延昭、中田聖子、伊藤 5. National Institute of Polar Research, 添付] 真、松下由紀子、柴田康行. 1999. Tokyo, Japan. Pp 105–113. [Note: 小城春雄、窪寺恒己，中村 一恵. 1980. 北海道、利尻島におけるウミネコ Shiomi sometimes is transliterated into 北太平洋亜寒帯域におけるハシボ (Larus crassirostris)の卵形について. English as Shiome.] ソミズナギドリの餌生物. 山階鳥 北海道大學水産學部研究彙報50: Springer, A. M., A. Y. Kondratyev, H. Ogi, 類研究所研究報告12: 157–182. [本 1–10.[本文は和文、英語要旨添付] Yu. V. Shibaev, and G. B. van Vliet. 1993. 文は英文、和文要旨添付] 小城春雄、高橋奈々江、関川東明. Status, ecology, and conservation of 小城春雄、宮下富夫. 1991. オホーツク 2000. オオセグロカモメの水田に Synthliboramphus murrelets and auklets. 海で観察されたシロハヤブサ. 山 おけるオタマジャクシ捕食につい In K. Vermeer, K. T. Briggs, K. H. 階鳥類研究所研究報告23: 20–21. [ て. 北海道大學水産學部研究彙報 Morgan, and D. Siegel-Causey, Editors. 本文は英文、和文要旨添付] 51: 127–134. [本文は和文、英語要 The status, ecology, and conservation 小城春雄、百瀬邦和、佐藤文男、馬場 旨添付] of marine birds of the North Pacific. 徳寿. 1994. 茨城県浜崎新港で衰弱 小城春雄、田中博之、辻田時美. 1985. Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, ON, 死したクロアシアホウドリの胃内 ベーリング海北西部におけるウミ Canada. Spec Publ. Pp 187–201. から見出されたプラスチック粒子. ガラス類の分布と食性. 山階鳥類 Tanaka, H., and H. Ogi. 1986. Evaluation 山階鳥類研究所研究報告26: 77–80. 研究所研究報告17: 44–56. [本文は of bill furrows as an age indicator in the [本文は英文、和文要旨添付] 英文、和文要旨添付] Tufted Puffin Lunda cirrhata. Mem Natl Ogi, H., M. W. Newcomer, H. Fujimura, and Ogi, H., H. Tanaka, and H. Yoshida. 1986. Inst Polar Res, Spec Issue 44:160–166. S. Shiratori. 1999. Seasonal distribution The occurrence of Mottled Petrels in the Tanaka, H., H. Ogi, S. Tanabe, R. Tatsukawa, of the Mottled Petrel in the northwestern Bering Sea. Mem Natl Inst Polar Res, and N. Oka. 1986. Bioaccumulation and North Pacific. Bull Faculty Fisheries, Spec Issue 44:153–159. metabolism of PCBs and DDE in Short- Hokkaido University 50:45–59. 小城春雄、辻田時美. 1973. 1970及び tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris 小城春雄、岡奈理子、丸山直樹. 1995. 1971年6～8月の東ベーリング海と during its transequitorial migration and 北海道、渡島大島におけるオオミ ブリストル湾に分布するウミガラ in the wintering and breeding grounds. ズナギドリの漁民による捕獲とそ スの胃内容物(予報). 日本生態学 Mem Natl Inst Polar Res, Spec Issue の背景. 野生生物保護1: 55–67.[本 会誌23: 201–209. [本文は英文、和 40:434–442. 文は英文、和文要旨添付] 文要旨添付] Watanabe, M., T. Kunisue, M. Nakai, 小城春雄、笠康三郎. 2001. 渡島大島に Ogi, H., and T. Tsujita. 1977. Food and H. Iwata, H. Ogi, Y. Shibata, and S. おけるオオミズナギドリ繁殖個体 feeding habits of Common Murre and Tanabe. 2002. Accumulation features 群の現状と保全への指針. 北海道 Thick-billed Murre in the Okhotsk Sea in and mother–egg transfer patterns 大学水産科学研究彙報52: 71–93. [ summer, 1972 and 1973. In S. Mishima, of organochlorines in Black-tailed 本文は和文、英語要旨添付] editor. Pelagic animals and environments Gull. Paper presented at the 2002 小城春雄、佐々木浩、大谷道博、渡辺 around the Subarctic Boundary in Annual Meeting of the Society for 勝範、松代真佳、庄司勇、早坂義 the North Pacific. Research Institute Environmental Toxicology and 幸. 1992. 日本海の北海道南西沖で of North Pacific Fisheries, Hokkaido Chemistry. Salt Lake City, UT. 観察されたサギ科３種. 山階鳥類 University, Spec Vol. Pp 459–517.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 39 SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD: YUTAKA WATANUKI James Lovvorn

students with him from Japan. We have Throughout his career, Yutaka has all benefited from seeing their unique continued traditional ecological studies and high-quality work, and have gained on the diets and breeding biology of a va- valuable insights from conversations riety of seabird species. Over the last 17 with them. Yutaka has had the vision years he has maintained a long-term sea- to know that his legacy of communica- bird monitoring program on Teuri Island, tion and collaboration will have lasting which has the world’s largest Rhinoceros impact only if he instills the same values Auklet colony at over 300,000 pairs. This in students. His commitment to this ap- year he will receive the Oshima Prize proach has not been occasional, but every from the Japanese Society of Ecology year for the last decade and a half. for his work on Teuri Island. Yutaka is currently an Associate Outside Japan, Yutaka is perhaps Professor in the Graduate School of best known for his work with bird-borne Fisheries Sciences at Hokkaido Univer- electronic devices. In particular, he has sity. He is co-leader of the Laboratory made outstanding contributions through of Marine Ecology, where there are cur- use of micrologging accelerometers, rently 27 graduate students at M.S. and which have revealed a great deal about Ph.D. levels. Over the last three decades, how birds regulate the allocation of At its annual meeting in Hakodate, Yutaka and his students have worked on energy throughout dives. He and his Japan in February 2009, the Pacific Sea- an array of seabird species. In the North- colleagues have shown that various bird Group presented a Special Achieve- ern Hemisphere, he started at Hokkaido alcids, cormorants, and Little Penguins ment Award to Yutaka Watanuki. This University with his M.S. thesis (1983) on (Eudyptula minor) alter their speeds and award is presented periodically to an behavioral interactions between Leach’s stroke rates throughout dives to offset individual who has provided exceptional, Storm-Petrels (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) changes in buoyancy, probably to keep long-term service to PSG, or who has and Slaty-backed Gulls (Larus schistisa- work per stroke against drag and buoy- shown outstanding and exemplary ac- gus), followed by his Ph.D. dissertation ancy combined within a relatively narrow complishment in seabird research, edu- (1987) comparing the diets and breeding range. (Watanuki et al. 2003, Lovvorn cation, or conservation. In fact, Yutaka biology of Slaty-backed and Black-tailed et al. 2004, Watanuki et al. 2005, 2006). (L. crassirostris) Gulls. Since then he has He recently contributed to a paper with has an extraordinary record on all these counts. Yutaka is the tenth recipient of also published work on Black-legged Katsufumi Sato (Sato et al. 2007) show- Rissa tridactyla this award since its establishment in Kittiwakes ( ), Streaked ing that over a very wide range of body Shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas), mass from cormorants to killer whales 1993, and the second from Japan (along and Japanese Cormorants (Phalacro- (Orcinus orca), stroke rates decrease with Hiroshi Hasegawa). corax capillatus), with some of his best allometrically as body mass increases, One of the stated goals of PSG when recent research on the diving behavior of it was formed was to increase seabird European Shags (Phalacrocorax aristo- research by facilitating exchange of telis), Common and Thick-billed Murres information, with the geographic scope (Uria aalge and U. lomvia), Rhinoceros being the entire Pacific Basin. Among Auklets (Cerorhinca monocerata), and PSG members, there are very few who Razorbills (Alca torda). In the South- rival Yutaka in promoting exchange of ern Hemisphere, he has studied Em- information across the Pacific Ocean, and peror (Aptenodytes forsteri), Macaroni fostering collaborative research not only (Eudyptes chrysolophus), and especially among workers in the Pacific region but Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae) Penguins, as also the North Atlantic, Arctic, and Ant- well as King Cormorants (Phalacrocorax arctic. Beyond his own initiatives, Yutaka atriceps). When not researching birds, he has shown exceptional dedication to also managed to publish several papers guiding students along the same path. At on Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). PSG’s annual meetings (which he began Since 1982, Yutaka has authored or co- attending in 1994), Yutaka brings several authored close to 100 scientific papers.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 40 SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Yutaka Watanuki

results in differences in wing size or muscle function that make it hard to generalize from larger birds to alcids. In that regard, Yutaka has also worked with Yasuaki Niizuma and others to determine that, in contrast to larger penguins and cormorants whose body temperatures can fall substantially during dives, body temperatures in Thick-billed Murres stay high throughout dives (Niizuma et al. 2007). This finding again suggests . . . and instructing students that the diving energetics of alcids may differ from that of larger penguins or Francis Daunt to study the diving pat- cormorants, stimulating further research terns of alcids and cormorants. His work to find explanations. to organize the annual PSG meeting in As useful as data on dive depths, Hakodate, including the symposium swim speeds, and acceleration patterns on use of new approaches to studies of are, there is still much to learn about diving in seabirds, reflects Yutaka’s com- habitat use and food-searching methods. mitment to spreading the word about new More recently, Yutaka has started explor- methods and finding novel opportunities Watanuki persuading cormorant . . . ing the use of miniature video cameras at- to apply them. tached to the birds (Watnuki et al. 2008), Yutaka has been active in a variety while mean swim speeds stay between 1 which should eventually revolutionize of meetings that promote communication and 2 m per second no matter how large our understanding of habitat and prey among researchers as well as conserva- the animal. relationships of species large enough to tion initiatives. He is a member of the This valuable collection of data carry these devices. PICES Advisory Panel on Marine Birds begs many questions about why there In Japan, Yutaka is part of a group and Mammals, and at the 2006 PICES is such remarkable constancy of swim of outstanding scientists who are working meeting in Yokohama he convened speed regardless of body size. This pat- hard to develop new logger technology (along with Syoichiro Minobe and Bill tern may reflect inherent constraints of and to discover new ways to apply that Sydeman) a workshop entitled “Re- muscle function or fluid dynamics, but technology to important questions. But sponse of marine mammals and seabirds perhaps not. Interestingly, alcids rang- Yutaka has also done an impressive job to large-scale and long-term climate ing in size from Rhinoceros Auklets to of working with a variety of people change: mechanisms of environmental murres did not follow the scaling rule. throughout the world to spread the use forcing.” In Hakodate in 2007, he hosted This discrepancy suggests that retaining of that technology. On the Isle of May in the Third Joint China-Japan-Korea GLO- the ability to fly both in air and water Scotland, in particular, he has collaborated BEC Symposium on the relationship with the group of between environmental variation and Sarah Wanless, ecosystem responses in the northwest Mike Harris, and Pacific. At the 2001 PSG meeting in

With students at research camp on Ogasawara ...... and in the rain

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 41 SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Yutaka Watanuki

Hawaii, Yutaka organized (with Harry dimension to this organization that has body size in free-ranging seabirds, pin- Carter, Kim Nelson, and Koji Ono) a been invaluable. The Pacific Seabird nipeds and cetaceans. Proc R Soc Lon. symposium on the “Biology, status, Group is especially honored to present B 274:471–477. and conservation of Japanese seabirds”; a Special Achievement Award to Yutaka Watanuki, Y., F. Daunt, A. Takahashi, M. proceedings were later published in the Watanuki. Newell, S. Wanless, K. Sato, and N. Mi- yazaki. 2008. Microhabitat use and prey Journal of the Yamashina Institute for capture of a bottom-feeding top predator, Ornithology. Yutaka was Chair of the LITERATURE CITED the European Shag, shown by camera log- local committee for the annual PSG Lovvorn, J.R., Y. Watanuki, A. Kato, Y. Naito, gers. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 356:283–293. meeting in Hakodate in 2009, where he Watanuki, Y., Y. Niizuma, G.W. Gabrielsen, and G.A. Liggin. 2004. Stroke patterns organized a symposium entitled “Work- K. Sato, and Y. Naito. 2003. Stroke and and regulation of swim speed and energy ing beneath the surface: new approaches glide of wing-propelled divers: deep cost in free-ranging Brünnich’s Guille- in examining the interplay of biomechan- diving seabirds adjust surge frequency to mots. J Exp Biol 207:4679–4695. ics, physiology and behavioral ecology in buoyancy change with depth. Proc R Soc Niizuma, Y., G.W. Gabrielsen, K. Sato, Y. Lond B 270:483–488. diving seabirds.” A series of papers pre- Watanuki, and Y. Naito. 2007. Brünnich’s Watanuki, Y., A. Takahashi, F. Daunt, S. Wan- sented at this symposium were recently Guillemots (Uria lomvia) maintain less, M. Harris, K. Sato, and Y. Naito. published (Aquatic Biology 8[3], 2009). high temperature in the body core dur- As a collaborator, Yutaka is well 2005. Regulation of stroke and glide in ing dives. Comp Biochem Physiol A a foot-propelled avian diver. J Exp Biol known for his hard work, good humor, 147:438–444. 208:2207–2216. generosity, and complete dedication Sato, K., Y. Watanuki, A. Takahashi, P.J.O. Watanuki, Y., S. Wanless, M. Harris, J.R. to science, seabirds, and the people he Miller, H. Tanaka, R. Kawabe, P. Ponga- Lovvorn, M. Miyazaki, H. Tanaka, and has worked with. His strong and con- nis, Y. Handrich, T. Akamatsu, Y. Wata- K. Sato. 2006. Swim speeds and stroke sistent commitment to student training nabe, Y. Mitani, D. Costa, C.-A. Bost, A. patterns in wing-propelled divers: a and communication among research- Kagari, M. Amono, P. Trathan, A. Sapiro, comparison of alcids and a penguin. ers throughout the world is exem- Y. and Naito. 2007. Stroke frequency, J Exp Biol 209:1217–1230. plary. Yutaka has provided a pan-Pacific but not swimming speed, is related to

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 42 SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Yutaka Watanuki 特別功労賞 : 綿貫豊氏 Jim Lovvorn

2009年2月函館で開催された太平 動学的相互作用の研究で北海道大 の抵抗と浮力に対し、羽ばたき１ 洋海鳥学会年次大会において、特別 学において修士号を取得(1983)した 回毎に必要な労力の変動を少なく 功労賞が綿貫豊氏に授与された。特 事に始まり、オオセグロカモメと するためのメカニズムと思われる） 別功労賞は学会のために特別な奉仕 ウミネコ(L. crassirostris)の採食･繁 (Watanuki et al. 2003、Lovvorn et al. を長期にわたって行ってきた人、も 殖生態の比較の研究では同大学で 2004、Watanuki et al. 2005, 2006)。更 しくは海鳥に関する研究、教育、保 博士号を取得した(1987)。その後は に最近における佐藤克文氏との共著 全において特別な業績を達成した人 ミツユビカモメ(Rissa tridactyla)、 の論文(Sato et al. 2007）では、ウの に贈られる賞であり、綿貫氏は上記 オオミズナギドリ(Calonectris leuco- 様な海鳥からシャチ(Orcinus orca)の のすべての分野において秀でた業績 melas)、ウミウ(Phalacrocorax capil- ような大型動物まで、平均遊泳速度 を残している。1993年に特別功労賞 latus)の研究、そして近年は綿貫氏 は体の大きさに関係なく毎秒1-2メ が設立されて以来綿貫氏は十人目の の得意とする潜水行動学をヨーロ ートルであるのに対し、体が大きい 受賞者であり、日本の研究者では二 ッパヒメウ(Phalacrocorax aristote- ほど水中での羽ばたきの頻度は非比 人目となる（長谷川博氏が同賞を受 lis)、ウミガラス(Uria aalge)、ハシ 例的に少なくなることも明らかにし 賞）。 ブトウミガラス(U. lomvia)、ウトウ た。 太平洋海鳥学会が設立された当初 (Cerorhinca monocerata)、オオハシ このような貴重なデータを集約す の学会目的の一つは太平洋域研究者 ウミガラス(Alca torda)の研究で発表 る事によって、なぜ遊泳速度は体の 間の情報交換による海鳥研究の促進 している。南半球においては、コウ 大きさに関係なく一定なのかという であったが、太平洋を越えての情報 テイペンギン(Aptenodytes forsteri)、 疑問が沸いてくる。遊泳速度に見ら 交換の促進や、太平洋のみならず北 マカロニペンギン(Eudyptes chrysolo- れるこのパターンは生まれながらに 大西洋、北極、南極における共同研 phus)、アデリーペンギン(Pygoscelis して持ち合わせた筋肉の機能、もし 究の推進においても綿貫氏に並ぶ人 adeliae)、オオグロムナジロヒメウ くは流体力学的なものの反映なのだ は学会会員内においても非常に少な (Phalacrocorax atriceps)の研究も行 ろうかという考えもあるが、たぶん い。自身の研究のみならず学生の指 っており、鳥類以外には、日本ザ そうではないであろう。興味深いこ 導にも非常に熱心であり、綿貫氏が ル(Macaca fuscata)の研究も発表もし とに、小型のウトウから大型のウミ 1994年に参加を始めた太平洋海鳥学 た。1982年以来、著者又は共著者と ガラスのように体の大きさの違うウ 会年次大会には日本から学生達も数 して発表した科学論文数は100報近 ミスズメ科の海鳥では、羽ばたきと 名ずつ参加させている。綿貫氏の学 くとなる。 体の大きさの関係がこのようなパタ 生達による高度で独特な研究から、 綿貫氏は様々な海鳥の種類におけ ーンに当てはまらないことが判明し そして彼らとの会話で見うけられる る採食・繁殖生態を従来の生態学的 た。これはウミスズメ科の海鳥が空 洞察から私達は貴重な事を学ぶこと 方法を使って研究を行っており、ウ 中と水中での飛行能力を維持するた が多くある。綿貫氏には先見の明が トウが300,000つがい営巣する世界 めに、体の大きさに対する翼の大き あり、これまで行ってきた共同研究 最大の繁殖地である天売島では、17 さ、もしくは筋肉の機能が他の大型 や他の研究者達との情報交換は、学 年にも及ぶ長期の海鳥の観察、調査 の鳥類とは異なっている可能性があ 生達にその重要性を教えることによ を行ってきた。2009年には天売島で ることを示している。この他にも綿 ってのみ長期間に及ぶ効果を生み出 の研究の功績が認められ、日本生態 貫氏は新妻靖章氏や他の研究者との せるということを理解している。こ 学会から大島賞を受賞した。 研究により、大型ペンギンやウの体 のような綿貫氏の熱心な教育への取 日本国外においては、綿貫氏の研 温が潜水中に著しく低下するのに対 り組みは、15年間前から毎年継続さ 究の中でも海鳥に装着可能な電子記 し、ハシブトウミガラスの体温は潜 れてきていることである。 録計を使ったものが最も知られてお 水中にも高く保たれることを測定し 綿貫氏は現在北海道大学大学 り、特に海鳥が潜水時にどのように た(Niizuma et al. 2007)。この発見も 院水産科学研究院の准教授であ エネルギー配分を調節するのかを解 またウミスズメ科が潜水時に費やす り、27名の修士、博士課程の大学 明するにあたり、加速度を測定する エネルギーが大型のペンギンやウと 院生が所属する資源生物学講座（ 超小型データロガーを用いての研究 は異なることを示唆しており、原因 資源生態学領域）において共同指 で多大な貢献をした。共同研究者と 解明のための更なる研究の励みとな 導教官を務め、これまで30年以上 のデータロガーを用いた研究で、ウ っている。 にわたり学生達と多くの海鳥の研 ミスズメ科とウ科の海鳥、そしてコ 潜水深度、遊泳速度、加速度パタ 究を行ってきている。北半球にお ビトペンギン(Eudyptula minor)が浮 ーンに関するデータと同様に有用な ける研究では、コシジロウミツバ 力の変化に対応するために潜水中 のが海鳥による生息域の利用や採食 メ(Oceanodroma leucorhoa)とオオセ の遊泳速度と羽ばたきの頻度を変 行動に関する情報であり、これらに グロカモメ(Larus schistisagus)の行 化させることを明らかにした（水 関しては研究すべきことがまだ多く

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 43 SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD • Yutaka Watanuki

ある。綿貫氏は近年小型のビデオカ 主催した。2001年にはハワイで行わ 参照文献 メラを海鳥に装着しての研究も始め れた太平洋海鳥学会年次大会におい Lovvorn, J.R., Y. Watanuki, A. Kato, Y. ており (Watanuki et al. 2008)、 比較 て Harry Carter、Kim Nelson、小野 Naito, and G.A. Liggin. 2004. Stroke pat- 的大型な海鳥でビデオカメラの装着 宏治の諸氏と共にシンポジウム“日 terns and regulation of swim speed and が可能な種類に関しては、この手法 本の海鳥の生態、現状、保全”を開 energy cost in free-ranging Brünnich’s を用いることにより生息地や餌との き、シンポジウムの会議録は後に山 Guillemots. J Exp Biol 207:4679–4695. 関係などの知識に革命的な変化をも 階鳥類学雑誌に掲載された。綿貫氏 Niizuma, Y., G.W. Gabrielsen, K. Sato, たらすことになると思われる。 が開催地委員長を務め、 年に函 Y. Watanuki, and Y. Naito. 2007. 2009 Brünnich’s Guillemots (Uria lomvia) 日本国内では綿貫氏は新たなロガ 館で開催された太平洋海鳥学会年次 maintain high temperature in the body ー技術の開発とその技術を利用して 大会では、シンポジウム“海面下で core during dives. Comp Biochem の重要な研究を懸命に行っている優 の研究：潜水性海鳥のバイオメカニ Physio. A 147:438–444. れた科学者グループの一員である クス、生理学、行動生態学的相互 Sato, K., Y. Watanuki, A. Takahashi, P.J.O. が、その技術の有用性を国際的に 作用の研究に対する新たなアプロ Miller, H. Tanaka, R. Kawabe, P. 広めることに関しても目ざましい貢 ーチ”を主催した（同シンポジウ Ponganis, Y. Handrich, T. Akamatsu, Y. 献をしてきた。特にスコットランド ムで発表された一連の論文が最近 Watanabe, Y. Mitani, D. Costa, C.-A. Bost, A. Kagari, M. Amono, P. Trathan, のメイ島では Sarah Wanless、Mike Aquatic Biology 8[3]、2009に掲載さ 、 諸氏と共同で れた）。 A. Sapiro, Y. and Naito. 2007. Stroke Harris Francis Daunt frequency, but not swimming speed, is ウミスズメ科とウ科の潜水パターン 綿貫氏の研究に対する熱心さ、ユ related to body size in free-ranging sea- の研究を行った。函館の太平洋海鳥 ーモアのセンス、寛大さ、そして学 birds, pinnipeds and cetaceans. Proc R 学会年次大会においては、新しい技 術の向上、海鳥保全、共に働く人々 Soc Lond B 274:471–477. 法を使った海鳥の潜水に関する研究 への徹底した貢献は共同研究者の間 Watanuki, Y., F. Daunt, A. Takahashi, の発表の場となるシンポジウムを主 では良く知られている。学生の教育 M. Newell, S. Wanless, K. Sato, and 催し、このような技術の普及とその と世界中の研究者達とのコミュニケ N.Miyazaki. 2008. Microhabitat use 技術を新たに利用する機会を模索す ーションの促進へゆるぎなく一貫し and prey capture of a bottom-feeding る綿貫氏の熱心な取り組みが反映さ て献身する姿勢は模範的であり、綿 top predator, the European Shag, shown れた。 貫氏の貢献がもたらした全太平洋域 by camera loggers. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 356:283–293. 綿貫氏は研究者間や環境保全に取 という次元は太平洋海鳥学会にとっ Watanuki, Y., Y. Niizuma, G.W. Gabrielsen, り組む機関とのコミュニケーション ては計り知れないほどの価値があ K. Sato, and Y. Naito. 2003. Stroke and も様々な会議を通して活発に行っ る。綿貫氏に特別功労賞を授与する glide of wing-propelled divers: deep div- ている。北太平洋海洋科学機構で ことは、太平洋海鳥学会にとって大 ing seabirds adjust surge frequency to は海洋鳥類･哺乳類に関する諮問委 変光栄なことである。 buoyancy change with depth. Proc R Soc 員であり、2006年に横浜で開かれ Lond B 270:483–488. た北太平洋海洋科学機構会議にお Watanuki, Y., A. Takahashi, F. Daunt, S. いてはワークショップ“大規模及 訳：オレゴン州立大学、鈴木康子 Wanless, M. Harris, K. Sato, and Y. び長期間にわたる気候変動に対す (Translation: Yasuko Suzuki, Oregon Naito. 2005. Regulation of stroke and glide in a foot-propelled avian diver. J る海洋哺乳類と海鳥の反応：環境 State University) Exp Biol 208:2207–2216. が及ぼす影響のメカニズム”をBill Watanuki, Y., S. Wanless, M. Harris, J.R. Sydeman、見延庄一郎の両氏と共に Lovvorn, M. Miyazaki, H. Tanaka, and 開いた。2007年には函館において太 K. Sato. 2006. Swim speeds and stroke 平洋北西部の環境変化と生態系の反 patterns in wing-propelled divers: a 応の関係について、第三回中国・韓 comparison of alcids and a penguin. J Exp Biol 209:1217–1230. 国・日本間GLOBECシンポジウムを

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 44 CONSERVATION REPORT, SUMMER 2010 Compiled by Craig S. Harrison

Conservation of Endangered Species Act (ESA). The St. predation that dogs, cats, mongoose and Newell’s Shearwaters Regis resort recently completed a $100 rats cause to seabirds, including Laysan and Hawaiian Petrels million renovation that reportedly in- Albatross (Phoebastria immutabilis), at cluded some lighting changes. In March the Kaena Point Natural Area Reserve The populations of threatened 2010, a similar suit was brought against (Pacific Seabirds 35:35, 2008). The Newell’s Shearwaters (Puffinus newelli) Kauai Island Utility Cooperative, alleg- final public hearing was held in January and endangered Hawaiian Petrels (Ptero- ing that another significant cause of harm 2010 and the project was unanimously droma sandwichensis) may be declining comes from birds hitting the utility’s approved by the Hawaii Board of Land rapidly, which has prompted several re- power lines. The U.S. Department of and Natural Resources. The public is cent actions by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Justice obtained a criminal indictment of overwhelmingly supportive of erecting Service (USFWS) and environmental the Kauai Island Utility Cooperative in the fence and the Packard Foundation organizations. Newell’s Shearwaters May 2010 for violations of the ESA and has provided funding to remove rodents and to begin work on seabird restoration were once part of the diet of native Ha- the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA). and social attraction. Unfortunately, an waiians, and they were thought be near The utility responded that it has not individual filed a contested case ap- extinction until a pig hunter in Anahola violated the criminal provisions of ei- peal, which has delayed construction. Mountains on Kauai discovered a colony ther the ESA or the MBTA and is doing It is anticipated that the project will be in 1967. In the late 1980s the population everything reasonably possible to protect completed before the Laysan Albatross was estimated to be 4,000 to 6,000. The the seabirds. It stated that it has been breeding season begins this winter. center of its range is on Kauai, largely working with USFWS to come up with because the Indian mongoose (Herpestes a Habitat Conservation Plan that would javanicus) has not become established allow incidental take of shearwaters and there. The colonies are very difficult to petrels (Pacific Seabirds 29:98, 2002; find and census, which makes accurate Pacific Seabirds 31:52-53, 2004). The North Pacific populations estimates difficult. During utility claimed that it has been working Albatrosses Added to the fledging season (late September to diligently for the past decade with every ACAP early December), Newell’s Shearwaters state and federal government agency and and Hawaiian Petrels heading to sea are other stakeholders to achieve workable The Agreement on the Conservation attracted to bright lights such as street solutions to protect endangered Hawaiian of Albatrosses and Petrels (ACAP) is lamps and hotels and resorts. Trapped seabirds. PSG has written many letters an international treaty between fishing in the glare, confused birds circle repeat- during the past decade to the utility and nations for the protection of albatrosses edly until they fall to the ground from to USFWS to try to improve conserva- and petrels. Many of these wide-rang- exhaustion or strike buildings. The “Save tion efforts on Newell’s Shearwaters ing seabirds are threatened with extinc- Our Shearwater (“SOS”) program has (Pacific Seabirds 26:11, 1999; Pacific tion or population declines due to poor operated since the 1980s and has rescued Seabirds 27:23, 2000; Pacific Seabirds fishing practices, pollution, and inva- over 30,000 downed shearwaters. Ac- 28:13, 2001). sive species on their breeding islands. cording to some estimates, the Newell’s Member nations of ACAP agree to take Shearwater population on Kauai has actions necessary to conserve these birds, including protection of breeding declined by 75% from 1993 to 2008. colonies and reducing albatross and In May 2010, four environmental petrel bycatch in fisheries. In November groups sued Starwood Hotels, alleging Protection of 2009, the parties to ACAP unanimously that its St. Regis Princeville Resort is Seabirds at Kaena added all three North Pacific species of responsible for over one-quarter of Point, Hawaii albatross—Short-tailed Albatross (Phoe- downed Newell’s Shearwaters on Kau- bastria albatrus), Laysan Albatross, and ai because the shearwaters are attracted The erection of a predator-exclusion Black-footed Albatross (P. nigripes)—to to bright lights at the resort. The com- fence at Kaena Point, the northernmost their official list. With these additions, plaint alleges that the resort’s failure to tip of Oahu, is slowly moving forward. all 22 species of albatrosses together prevent the ongoing deaths violates the The fence is designed to eliminate with seven southern hemisphere petrels

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 45 CONSERVATION REPORT are protected by ACAP. US and Japanese Peru Protects Guano (Brachyramphus marmoratus) will delegates to the meeting in Bergen, Nor- Islands and Vast remain listed under the Endangered Spe- way, gave a presentation demonstrating Associated Marine cies Act (ESA). The proposal to delist the how close the objectives of those cur- species was based on the assertion that rently working to conserve these three Area the murrelet’s population in Washington, albatrosses were to those of ACAP, and Oregon, and northern California is not Peru announced in December 2009 how mutual benefits would derive from distinct from other murrelet populations that it has added 22 “guano islands,” 11 providing the protections of ACAP to in British Columbia and Alaska. There peninsulas (guano reserves), and adja- these species. In September 2008, Presi- have been several attempts to remove cent waters along its coast to its national dent Bush had already submitted ACAP the Marbled Murrelet from the list of system of protected areas. This decision to the Senate for approval, which requires threatened species during recent years, is unprecedented in South America. The a two-thirds majority. and PSG has consistently opposed all protected areas cover about 140,000 ha, PSG wrote to Senator Barbara Boxer including waters 3 km offshore. The rich such efforts. (D-Calif.) and Congressman Nick Rahall Humboldt Current just off Peru’s coast (D-W. Va.) in August 2009, requesting nourishes the most productive marine their support for ratification of ACAP ecosystem in the world, attracting mil- and the enactment of implementing leg- lions of seabirds to breed on coastal PSG Opposes Timber islation (Pacific Seabirds 36:6-7, 2009). islands and mainland peninsulas, as well Harvest in California Boxer and Rahall are key members of as sea turtles and marine mammals. The Congress because of their positions as twelve seabird species protected include PSG filed comments with the Cali- chairs of the Senate Environment and the Peruvian Diving-Petrel (Pelecanoi- fornia Department of Forestry in March House Natural Resources committees; des garnotii), which nests in burrows 2010 concerning a proposed timber however, to date there has been no prog- dug into guano. The guano that ac- harvest in 14 ha of Marbled Murrelet ress in either body. Eleven countries are cumulates at these seabird colonies is nesting habitat in northern and central parties to ACAP: Argentina, Australia, a much sought-after organic fertilizer California. PSG explained its concern Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, France, New that drove Peru’s economy for decades. that the cumulative impacts of mul- Zealand, Peru, South Africa, Spain, and The guano islands of Peru were once an tiple timber harvests could significantly United Kingdom. international model of excellence in sea- impact conservation efforts for this

bird management. After bird populations threatened species. PSG noted that the crashed in the early 20th century due to species was listed as threatened in 1992 guano extraction, Peruvian managers primarily because of significant losses ICCAT Fails to Act to implemented strict protections for the of its nesting habitat to logging and de- Conserve Albatrosses islands so that guano could be extracted velopment in Pacific coastal forests. with minimal impacts to the birds that Moreover, an objective of the Marbled The International Commission produced it. These improvements qua- Murrelet recovery plan is to stabilize the for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas drupled the bird populations by about population and work for its recovery, by (ICCAT) again failed to take actions to 1960. The guano market crashed with maintaining and/or increasing produc- reduce impacts on albatrosses during its the advent of chemical fertilizers and tivity and removing and/or minimizing annual meeting in November 2009 in overfishing of the seabird’s main prey threats to survivorship. If murrelets are Refice, Brazil. ICCAT had conducted a species—the Peruvian anchovy (En- to have a good chance of surviving over three-year seabird risk assessment, which graulis ringens). When the once-thriving the next 100 years, in spite of the loss or concluded that tuna and swordfish long- colonies were left under-protected, many depletion of so much murrelet habitat in line fishing have significant impacts on quickly succumbed to introduced preda- California, it is important to protect all Atlantic seabird populations. More than tors and human disturbance, including remaining habitat, regardless of its size. 40 fishing nations are members of IC- harvest of the birds. The current amount of old-growth forest CAT, and they control longline fisheries in California has been reduced by more that each year set hundreds of millions of than 96% from pre-logging levels. This hooks in the Atlantic. Several proposals is especially serious from Mendocino during the meeting would have reduced USFWS Continues County south through San Mateo County, the number of seabirds being killed. ESA Protection for where populations have been particularly No agreements were reached because Marbled Murrelet impacted by the reduced amount of suit- some members wanted to include miti- able nesting habitat. gation measures that others believe are In January 2010, USFWS announced The Marbled Murrelet population in unproven. that the threatened Marbled Murrelet Washington, Oregon, and California is

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 46 CONSERVATION REPORT estimated to be 22,000 birds. Modeling the Marbled Murrelet. The area has been Odyssey in 2010 provided opportunities indicates that this population is declin- so designated by the federal recovery to observe several rare and little known ing, and that it will be extinct in parts of plan, and also by the Marbled Murrelet seabird species. These included the re- those states within 100 years, unless the Science Team of WDNR. cently rediscovered New Zealand Storm- amount and quality of nesting habitat PSG opposes this wind turbine proj- Petrel (Oceanites maorianus), Beck’s Pe- improve and demographic trends recover. ect because of its potential impacts on a trel (Pseudobulweria becki), Heinroth’s Despite PSG’s objections, the timber threatened species, for whose recovery Shearwaters, Tropical Shearwaters harvest was approved in May 2010. The the surrounding forest has been desig- (Puffinus bailloni dichrous—formerly California Forestry Department conclud- nated as critical. PSG does not object to classified with Audubon’s Shearwater, ed, among other things, that if the 14-ha all wind turbine projects in general. Puffinus lherminieri), Collared Petrels parcel were not logged, it would likely (Pterodroma brevipes), Black-winged be subdivided into residential property, Petrels (Pterodroma nigripennis), Ta- and the resulting habitat would be even hiti Petrels (Pseudobulweria rostrata) worse for Marbled Murrelets and other and White-necked Petrels (Pterodroma forest species. More Seabirds Listed cervicalis). As Endangered The most significant sightings and photographs were of Vanuatu Petrels In September 2009 and January (Pterodroma occulta). This species has 2010, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Ser- not been seen at sea for 83 years, and Radar Ridge Wind vice formally listed five more species has never before been photographed Turbine Project as endangered under the ESA: Chatham over the ocean. It was previously known Petrel (Pterodroma axillaris), Fiji Petrel only from seven museum skins, and PSG expressed its concerns to the (Pseudobulweria macgillivrayi), Ma- has only been seen twice since it was Washington Department of Natural genta Petrel (Pterodroma magentae), originally collected in January 1927. It Resources (WDNR) in June 2009 about Galapagos Petrel (Pterodroma phaeopy- was observed in the northern Vanuatu a proposal to locate 32 wind turbines gia) and Heinroth’s Shearwater (Puffinus Islands, just 60 miles from where the on state land at Radar Ridge in Pacific heinrothi). Population declines in all original type specimen was collected by County, Washington (Pacific Seabirds the species were ascribed primarily to Rollo Beck during the Whitney South 36:7-8, 2009). The site is located within predation by introduced rats, cats, pigs, Seas Expedition. the Nemah Marbled Murrelet Manage- and dogs, and the adverse effects of The sightings of this long-lost ment Area. PSG discussed the impacts of non-native invasive plants. The addition seabird species occurred during the this development on Marbled Murrelets, of a foreign species to the federal list of northward voyage from New Zealand which are listed as threatened under the threatened and endangered species places to Papua New Guinea. The expedition ESA. The project continues to move restrictions on the importation of either visited several remote and seldom visited forward, and in June 2010 PSG wrote to the seabird or its parts. island groups in their quest for seabirds, USFWS concerning the agency’s notice At the same time, USFWS declined including New Caledonia, the Vanuatu of intent to prepare an environmental to list the Cook’s Petrel (Pterodroma archipelago and the Solomon Islands. impact statement. PSG reiterated the cookii) as threatened or endangered, Twenty-one individual Vanuatu Petrels concerns that it had previously expressed saying its review has shown the species were seen over a three-day period. Sight- to Washington State officials, and asked is unlikely to become endangered in a ings culminated on 8 February, when 11 that these issues be included as part of the significant portion of its range within the birds were observed during a one-hour public scoping process to identify what foreseeable future. The Cook’s Petrel had period. Of special significance is that must be addressed during the environ- been included along with the other five nine of these birds were sitting, rafting mental review process. PSG is concerned species in the agency’s 2007 proposal for on the sea just before dusk in front of that the location of this particular project listing under the ESA. several offshore rock stacks. These islets will likely result in direct mortality of may indicate a possible breeding haven murrelets that nest adjacent to the facility. for this enigmatic species. In addition There is also significant risk of long-term to the six specimens collected at sea in adverse effects to Marbled Murrelet con- 1927 off the island of Mera Lava, Banks servation and recovery on a landscape Vanuatu Petrel Islands, northern Vanuatu, one other identified as critical for species recovery. Sighted specimen was found dead in 1983 on Most of the surrounding forest is identi- a roadside in New South Wales, Aus- fied as critical nesting habitat, because An expedition led by Peter Harri- tralia. In February 2009, a few Vanuatu it is important for long-term recovery of son to New Guinea on the MV Clipper Petrels were discovered breeding in the

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 47 CONSERVATION REPORT mountains of Vanua Lava. The sightings (Bonin) Islands from the end of January August 2009. The maximum total count of 21 individual Vanuatu Petrels at sea, in to early March 2010. The team dropped was 22 individuals (17 adults and 5 the same geographic area and at virtually diphacinone rodenticide by helicopter. chicks) – this is about half of the world’s the same time of year as the original 1927 The effort was an attempt to eradicate estimated population. sightings, are especially noteworthy. black rats (Rattus rattus) and in some In the spring of 2010, Dr. Yabe Harrison’s observations confirm that the locations house mice (Mus musculus) on began a rat assessment on the Matsu species still exists. Mukojima (257 ha), Anijima (785 ha), Islands and discovered the lesser rice The Vanuatu Petrel was actually de- Otoutojima (530 ha), Nishijima (49 ha), rat (Rattus losea) was present on one scribed as a distinct species only in 1976. Higashijima (28 ha) and other several island. It is apparently omnivorous and The six original specimens obtained by small islands and islets. As a separate a potential threat to the terns. Plans are the American Museum of Natural History task, Tatsuo Yabe conducted a survey now underway for fall 2010 surveys and Whitney South Sea Expedition in 1927 for rodents on Chichijima (2,395 ha) and eventual rat eradication. were not recognized as different from Minamijima (34 ha) islands, also part the very similar White-necked Petrel. of the Ogasawara Group. Dr. Yabe also However, in the 1970s a New Zealand reported an earlier attempt to eradication ornithologist, R. A. Falla, recognized it rats from Nishijima failed, as rats evi- as a smaller, distinct form. dently have reinvaded. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature Management of White (ICUN) is in the process of evaluating the Pelicans Ogasawara Islands for possible designa- tion as a World Heritage site. In May 2010, PSG expressed its Alaska Maritime concerns to USFWS about the manage- Refuge CONTINUES ment of White Pelicans (Pelecanus eryth- to Remove Invasive rorhynchos), especially in the state of Idaho. Idaho officials are taking actions Species from islands Chinese Crested Tern to reduce the numbers of White Pelicans update in ways that could be detrimental to the In February 2010, PSG endorsed management of the species as a whole. In the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife PSG has been working to catalyze 2009, the Idaho Department of Fish and Refuge’s environmental assessment of conservation actions to save the Chinese Game attempted to obtain a permit under its plans to eradicate invasive species Crested Tern (Thalasseusa bernsteini), the Migratory Bird Treaty Act to shoot and to restore habitat on Tangik, Poa, and based on our Taiwan conference in 2007. White Pelicans and/or oil their eggs, in Sud Islands. USFWS wants to eradicate To this end, former PSG chair Verena Gill order to reduce by half the population exotic European rabbits (Oryctolagus attended the 2009 International Sym- of this species in southern and eastern cuniculus) from Tangik and Poa Islands posium of Chinese Crested Tern. The Idaho. USFWS declined to issue such a in the eastern Aleutian Islands, and meeting took place in November 2009 on permit on the grounds that it constituted to remove introduced hoary marmots the Matsu Islands in Taiwan. The Matsu an inappropriate eradication program. (Marmota caligata) from Sud Island Islands are the main breeding grounds However, recent press reports state that in the Barren Islands group, Gulf of for Chinese Crested Terns and are only 5 in 2010 Idaho officials have released Alaska. PSG stated its conviction that the km from mainland China. The Japanese predators such as badgers (Taxidea taxus) removal of invasive species from island biologist Dr Tatsuo Yabe, who special- and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) ecosystems can provide one the greatest izes in rodent eradication on seabird on Gull Island in the Blackfoot Reser- paybacks per dollar spent on wildlife islands, also attended. The objective of voir. Apparently Idaho officials are tak- conservation efforts. the meeting was to update everyone on ing these actions after being pressured results from the 2009 surveys, share in- by fishermen, who believe that White formation on this species, and to discuss Pelicans are responsible for eating too future research. many game fish, including Yellowstone A synchronized survey was un- cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii Rat Eradication in dertaken in 2009 by both the Chinese bouvieri). Ogasawara Islands and Taiwanese, in an effort to count all PSG expressed two primary con- Chinese Crested Terns and identify new cerns. First, White Pelicans are pro- A team led by Dr. T. Hashimoto breeding sites. Known breeding sites tected by the federal Migratory Bird carried out a large-scale invasive rodent were surveyed simultaneously on 6 and Treaty Act, and releasing predators on eradication campaign in the Ogasawara 21 June, 5 and 19 July, and 12 and 23 a nesting island seems a circumvention

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 48 CONSERVATION REPORT of the federal permit program, which seabird colonies throughout the Pacific. within their boundaries. Pelican popula- exists to ensure that all migratory birds There is no reason to believe that badgers tions in all three of these states probably are managed rationally. Piscivorous birds and skunks will “target” their predation are strongly linked to those in Idaho. are often unfairly blamed for declines in to any specific species, and there could Overall, the American White Pelican sport fisheries and commercial fisheries, be severe unintended consequences population in western North America is without compelling evidence as to what from such actions. For example, seabird much smaller than east of the Continental role (if any) they actually play. Decisions populations have suffered dramatically Divide, and management decisions in about the management of White Pelicans from the introduction of foxes to many the west should consider that smaller should be based on rigorous scientific Aleutian Islands, mustelids to other population level. analysis that puts the impacts of pelicans islands in Alaska, mongooses to islands PSG urged USFWS to work col- on any particular fish stock into the con- in Hawaii, brown tree snakes (Boiga ir- laboratively with Idaho officials on text of other factors affecting that stock, regularis) to Guam, and rats to islands White Pelican problems in the spirit of such as drought or water management around the world. Landscape Conservation Cooperatives, for other purposes (e.g., withdrawals for PSG concluded that White Peli- thereby ensuring that management of the irrigated agriculture). cans in Idaho should be managed in a species is based on a rigorous scientific Our second concern is that releas- regional or flyway context. The state of approach and multi-state management is- ing predators into any bird colony is Washington lists the White Pelican as sues. (Landscape Conservation Coopera- problematic. PSG as an organization and endangered, and Idaho itself considers tives are consortiums of agencies, states, its members have spent vast amounts it to be a species of special concern. Or- and other entities that were proposed in of time, effort and resources to reverse egon and California might be interested 2009 by USFWS, for coordination of the impacts of predator introductions in in enhancing their pelican populations work on widespread threats to species.)

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 49 MEETING NEWS—FALL 2010

FIRST WORLD SEABIRD CONFERENCE

The first World Seabird Conference • Marine Debris • Seabird Productivity and Population is barely a month away! More than 800 • Seabird Demography Indices participants from at least 40 nations • Technological and Analytical Innova- • World Seabird Monitoring database will fill the Victoria Conference Centre tion in Seabird Research • World Seabird Governing Commit- in Victoria, British Columbia in early • Longterm Monitoring tee September 2010. Scientific sessions on • Evolutionary and Conservation Ge- • Tracking and At-Sea Database Inter- 8–11 September will feature major sym- netics of Seabirds communication posia, invited papers, contributed papers, • Seabirds and Economy: Are We Miss- • Mortality Events posters, films, and workshops. Various ing the Link, or the Entire Ark? committees will meet on 7 September, • Managing Forage Fisheries for Feed, Evening social activities will include including PSG’s Executive Council. Food, and Prey poster sessions, a film festival, and a banquet. Registration for the conference Primary symposia will include: The chair of the Scientific Program is still open. For more information, see • Climate Change Comparative Eco- Committee is Patrick Jodice (Pjodice@ the conference’s website, http://www. system Dynamics of the World's clemson.edu). worldseabirdconference.com The International Steering Commit- Oceans orkshops tee includes reprersentatives of more than • Interactions between Seabirds and W two dozen professional seabird organiza- Fisheries: A Global Perspective A dozen interrelated workshops tions worldwide. Its chair is David Irons • Spatial Ecology At Sea: Opportunities will consider the enhancement of inter- ([email protected]). The conference and Challenges for Seabird Marine national cooperation in seabird work. is being supported by a number of gov- Protected Areas • Introduction to the Aims of the Legacy ernment and private donors (donations • Seabird Island Ecology and Restora- Workshops of any size are welcome). tion: A Global Synthesis • Seabirds.net (Web portal for seabird The First World Seabird Confer- professionals) ence will provide an unprecedented pecial paper sessions will in S - • Introduction to Linking Seabird Da- forum for the exchange of information clude : tabases among seabird scientists. In addition, the • Interactive Effects of Chemical Con- • Distributed Versus Centralized Data- Legacy Workshops should lead to a new taminants, Parasites, and Stressors bases: Decision Points level of international collaboration. The on Seabirds • World Seabird Colony Register conference is likely to influence seabird • Seabird Phenotypic Plasticity and • Seabird Tracking Databases science and conservation for many years Microevolution • Seabird At-Sea Survey Databases to come.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 50 REGIONAL REPORTS FOR 2009

Regional Reports summarize current seabird work of interest to PSG members. Regional Reports generally are organized by location of the work, not by affiliation of the biologist. They should not be cited without permission of the researchers.

ALASKA and located birds throughout the breed- a glacial fjord system of northwestern Compiled by Heather Renner ing season. In addition, they conducted Prince William Sound. In July, the field at-sea surveys, monitored active nests, crew resurveyed the 17 bays and fjords Brachyramphus murrelets collected blood and feather samples surveyed in 2001 to determine estimates Matt Kirchhoff (Audubon Alaska), for genetic and diet information, and of the relative abundance and distribution Sadie Wright (Endangered Species, conducted at-sea behavioral watches. of Kittlitz’s in Prince William Sound. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game This project involves multiple partners work completed in 2009 will be instru- [ADFG]), and Karen Blejwas (Non- and will continue through the 2011 field mental in fine-tuning plans for the second game, ADFG) were principal investi- season. year of research (summer 2010), which In 2009, several PSG members be- gators on surveys of Brachyramphus will be a more intensive investigation of gan the first year of a two-year project, murrelets in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Field Kittlitz’s distributions in relationship to funded by the National Fish and Wildlife crews completed 3 resurveys of a set of a suite of environmental and biological Foundation, to research Kittlitz’s Mur- transects that were established by the variables. relet habitat and prey in Prince William U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Jennifer Boisvert, Bob Day, Lau- Sound. The Principal Investigator is in 1993. Preliminary results show the ren Attanas, and Adrian Gall (all of Priscilla Post Wohl (The Northern density of Marbled Murrelets (B. mar- ABR, Inc.) conducted land-based sur- Forum, Inc.); Kathy Kuletz and David moratus) was unchanged, and the density veys for breeding Kittlitz’s and Marbled Irons (USFWS) and John Piatt (USGS) B. brevirostris Murrelets near Valdez in June and July. of Kittlitz’s Murrelets ( ) designed and supervised the project. Ob- increased relative to 1993 levels. Field In the north of Alaska, Bob and Adrian jectives for 2009 included (1) capturing conducted at-sea surveys for Kittlitz’s crews also monitored murrelet atten- approximately 30 Kittlitz’s and collect- dance patterns, activity budgets, dive Murrelets near Point Barrow in late ing feather and blood samples for stable August. Day is compiling a synthesis of characteristics, and prey-capture success isotope analysis, and 2) repeating tran- in habitats with varying levels of glacial data on Kittlitz’s Murrelets in northern sects designed and surveyed by Kuletz et Alaska for USFWS. influence. A report on the Glacier Bay al. in 2001, to update estimates of relative studies will be available at year-end. In the western Aleutians, Robb abundance distribution of Kittlitz’s in Kaler and Leah Kenney continued Mayumi Arimitsu of the U.S. Geo- Prince William Sound. The 2009 field breeding demography work on Kittlitz’s logical Survey (USGS) finished her MS crew was Andrew Allyn (University of murrelet at Agattu Island. They found 17 in fisheries at the University of Alaska Massachusetts Amherst), Aly McKnight active nests this year, of which only one Fairbanks (UAF) School of Fisheries (USFWS), and Peter Crommett (vol- fledged a chick, similar to poor repro- in Juneau. She studied prey availability unteer). Capture work began in the final ductive results in 2007. Robb and Leah and environmental gradients relative to week of April. They consulted Michelle were able to refine their search image for glacial features in Kittlitz’s Murrelet Kissling on how to find nighttime loafing Kittlitz’s nests and found many former foraging habitat in Kenai Fjords National locations and received hands-on train- nest sites occupied in previous years that Park, Alaska during 2007–2008. ing from Tom Bloxton, Jr. (U.S. Forest Michelle Kissling (USFWS) and Service). Thirty-nine Kittlitz’s were cap- were not active in 2009. Scott Gende of the National Park tured and sampled, including eight mated Service (NPS) continued research on pairs. In addition to collecting blood Gulf of Alaska Kittlitz’s Murrelets in Icy Bay. In 2009, and feather samples for stable isotope Seabirds at St. Lazaria Island were they captured and banded 209 [that’s analysis, the crew deployed radio trans- monitored this year by the outstanding not a typo!—Editor] Kittlitz’s and 23 mitters on 12 birds. Tagged individuals crew comprised of Carrie Hisaoka, Jor- Marbled Murrelets. They included six were monitored through (1) boat-based dan Lawrence, Danette Perez, and Les- Kittlitz’s Murrelets that were banded in tracking to collect fine-scale behavioral lie Slater of Alaska Maritime National previous years (2007 and 2008). They data, and (2) presence/absence sampling Wildlife Refuge (AMNWR). Data were attached radio transmitters to 30 adult using remote data-logging stations to collected on Fork-tailed and Leach’s and one hatch-year Kittlitz’s Murrelet record daily and seasonal movements in Storm-Petrels (Oceanodroma furcata

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 51 REGIONAL REPORTS • Alaska and O. leucorhoa), Pelagic Cormorants field crew consisted of Erik Andersen at this energetically demanding time of (Phalacrocorax pelagicus), Glaucous- and Joann Wang. year. winged Gulls (Larus glaucescens), Scott Hatch (USGS) continued David Irons (USFWS), Dan Roby Pigeon Guillemots (Cepphus columba), research and monitoring of seabirds on (USGS-Oregon Cooperative Wildlife Common and Thick-billed Murres (Uria Middleton Island in the Gulf of Alaska. Research Unit [OSU]), and Kirsten aalge and U. lomvia), Tufted Puffins Collaborators in 2009 included Etienne Bixler (Oregon State University [OSU]) (Fratercula cirrhata), and Rhinoceros Danchin and Pierrick Blanchard, (Uni- continued research on Pigeon Guillemots in Prince William Sound. The Pigeon Auklets (Cerorhinca monocerata). The versité Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France) Guillemot has shown no evidence of goal of monitoring was to determine an- and Alexander Kitaysky at UAF. French population recovery since the Exxon nual productivity, population changes, researchers and their students are doing experimental studies of behavioral ecol- Valdez oil spill 20 years ago. Nest pre- and chick growth rates. Diet samples ogy in Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa dation, particularly by American mink were collected from storm-petrels and tridactyla) while Kitaysky is examin- (Mustela vison) appears to be the primary auklets; blood samples were collected ing rates of telomere sequence loss in limiting factor for guillemot population from auklets. known-age kittiwakes. The work was recovery in some parts of the Sound. In Slater and Steve Ebbert visited greatly facilitated in 2009 by camp leader 2009, they compiled and analyzed data Sud Island, in the Barren Islands group, Tim van Nus (Amsterdam), returning for on (1) colony counts, (2) at-sea counts in late August to conduct biological his third season on Middleton. (3) guillemot chick diet, (4) brood size, surveys on this rarely-visited refuge is- Pelagic surveys were conducted in brood reduction, and nesting success, and land. The island was stocked with hoary the Gulf of Alaska under Kathy Kuletz; (5) forage fish abundance from beach marmots (Marmota caligata) in 1930 by see Bering Sea section, below. seining and aerial surveys. A restoration the Alaska Game Commission. Former plan for Pigeon Guillemsots at the Naked refuge biologist Ed Bailey conducted Island Group in Prince William Sound Prince William Sound will be produced upon completion of more intensive surveys on the island in Mary Ann Bishop and Kathy Ku- this study. 1975 and documented approximately letz (USFWS) continued fall and winter Shawn Stephensen (USFWS, Or- 500 Rhinoceros Auklet burrows, the seabird surveys in Prince William Sound, egon Coast National Wildlife Refuge only known colony of the species in concurrent with acoustic and seining Complex) successfully defended his the Barren Islands. However, no bur- studies on Pacific herring (Clupea pal- Masters thesis at the University of Alaska rows were found in a subsequent visit lasi), as part of the Exxon Valdez Trust- Anchorage. His work included studies by refuge biologist Dave Roseneau in ees’ Herring Restoration Plan. Abun- of habitat selection by Kittlitz’s and 1996. No sign of nesting Rhinos were dance and habitat use throughout the fall Marbled Murrelets in Harriman Fjord, found by Leslie and Steve during their and winter were examined for 42 species Prince William Sound, Alaska. Habitat visit, except for seven active burrows in of marine birds recorded. The goal is to variables and bird presence correlation one location and approximately a dozen examine the environmental and habitat models were ranked using Akaike’s In- in another location on the island. Both factors associated with seabird predation formation Criteria. The highest-ranked groups of burrows were along the up- on herring during winter, and ultimately models indicated that Marbled Murre- per edge of a steep cliff, in habitat not to assess the role of seabird predation in lets selected deep, clear water far from glaciers, whereas Kittlitz’s murrelets utilized by marmots. Marmots were, suppressing herring recruitment to the selected turbid, cold, shallow, fresh water however, present in the 1975 colony loca- population. Concurrently, the importance close to glaciers. tion and throughout the island in 2009. of herring to wintering seabirds such as the declining Marbled Murrelet may be (See also “Brachyramphus mur- A motion-sensitive camera confirmed highlighted. Surveys were conducted in relets,” above.) the use of some of the seabird burrows fall and winter 2008/2009, and will con- by Rhinoceros Auklets. tinue in 2009/2010. Neil Dawson, who Aleutian Islands Bob Day and Adrian Gall (ABR) conducted the field work, has drafted a Alaska Maritime National Wild- are conducting bimonthly aerial surveys paper on results from this study. life Refuge staff continued long-term for Steller’s Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) Bishop also will initiate a comple- seabird demography monitoring at in Iliamna and Iniskin bays, western mentary study starting in fall 2009, with 2 camps in the Aleutians. Slade Sa- Cook Inlet. support from North Pacific Research pora and Allyson Larned worked AMNWR staff continued long- Board. This project will endeavor to with several species including petrels, term seabird demography monitoring at capture Marbled Murrelets in Prince Wil- gulls, oystercatchers (Haematopus Chowiet Island, Semidis group, off the liam Sound throughout the nonbreeding bachmani) and murres at Aiktak Island. coast of the Alaska Peninsula. The 2009 season to provide data on body condition Scott Freeman, Ray Buchheit, and

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 52 REGIONAL REPORTS • Alaska

Kyle Morrison monitored demography were counted. Red-faced and Pelagic encourage continued recovery of this of petrels, kittiwakes, murres, auklets Cormorant numbers are about the same delisted species. (Rhinoceros Auklet, Aethia spp., Pty- (8,000 total) as a similar count in 2003, Alex Bond (PhD student, Memorial choramphus aleuticus) and puffins (14 but are still down from 1970’s. University of Newfoundland [MUN], species). Anticoagulant rodenticide was St. John’s, Newfoundland) completed Jeff Williams (USFWS), Vernon broadcast by helicopter at Rat Island his last year of field work for his PhD Byrd (USFWS) and Gary Drew (USGS) in fall 2008 to eradicate the introduced dissertation on the interaction of auklets re-initiated studies of birds at Kasatochi Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), in order and rats at Sirius Point, Kiska Island. Island in the central Aleutians following to restore the native biodiversity of the He was assisted by field technicianErin the devastating eruptions of the island island, including nesting seabirds (see Penney (MUN). They monitored auklet on August 7, 2008. The eruption hap- Pacific Seabirds35:42). The project was demography and rat abundance. Least pened at the end of the breeding season a partnership among three entities: AM- Auklet reproductive success was the NWR, The Nature Conservancy, and Is- for Least and Crested Auklets. The bird lowest since 2002 (0.44 chicks/pair), land Conservation. Followup monitoring studies at Kasatochi are part of new despite rat abundance being fairly low, in spring 2009 indicated no signs of rats, long-term, interdisciplinary study that similar to 2007 and 2008. Survival from is examining the ecological response to but we discovered non-target mortality of birds, primarily Glaucous-winged Gulls 2007–2008 dipped from the long-term and recovery from the eruption. Surpris- average to 66%, the lowest recorded ingly, many of the formerly nesting birds and Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocepha- lus since monitoring began in 2001. Crested species returned in spring 2009. Many of ). We plan a thorough review of the project to elucidate the likely pathways Auklet reproductive success was 0.52 the 250,000 Least and Crested Auklets of the rodenticide and to evaluate options chicks/pair, and survival dipped below (Aethia pusilla, A. cristatella) that his- for mitigating non-target mortality in 75% for the first time during winter 2008- torically nested there returned to breed future projects. Species such as Leach’s 2009. Ian Jones (MUN) conducted in 2009. However, despite active erosion and Fork-tailed Storm-Petrels, Whis- searches for Kittlitz’s Murrelet on Kiska of the new volcanic ash along the coast, kered Auklets (Aethia pygmaea), and and made wildlife observations from the colony site was buried under meters Tufted Puffins are expected to recolonize Gertrude Cove. of volcanic ash; there was nowhere for Rat Island. Jeff Williams, Deb Rudis the auklets to nest. Auklets copulated and and Matt Francis conducted seabird Bering Sea and North Pacific laid eggs on the bare surface and in the coastline counts around Segula, Davidof, 2009 was the second field season water, but all were abandoned. By late Khvostof, Kiska, and Little Kiska Islands of the Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem summer auklets were still in the area, as comparison sites for birds documented Research Program (BSIERP) on and but had abandoned attempts to nest and before and after rat eradication on Rat around the Pribilof Islands. The study were attending the former colony in low Island. Initial results from last October’s is funded by the North Pacific Research numbers. eradication on Rat Island are still posi- Board and includes several seabird In addition to the land-based surveys tive and no rats have been detected on components, focusing on Black-legged on Kasatochi, a marine bird, mammal the island. Kittiwakes) and Thick-billed Murres. A and fish survey (SMMOCI) was con- Rachel Buxton completed the colony-based component led by Heather ducted around the island in July, led by second season of her MS field work on Renner (USFWS) and Vernon Byrd Don Dragoo and with additional crew Amatignak Island. Using song meters, supplements the long-term monitoring members Jeff Williams, Gary Drew, she is looking at the re-establishment of already taking place on the islands. David Wigglesworth, Naomi Barg- seabirds from islands where they were The monitoring crew consisted of Greg mann, Lisa Climo, Nathan Zabel, extirpated by introduced predators. Thomson and Maureen McClintock Catherine Berg, Bill Bechtol, Aaron Terry Schick, Bob Day, Matt Ma- on St. Paul Island, and Paula Shannon Baldwin and Joe Filipowicz. cander, and Trish Loomis (ABR Inc.) and Sarah Thomsen on St. George. The Williams, Berg, Bargmann, Barry are continuing their study of habitat use field crew for the colony-based portion Sampson, Kimi Nelson, and others by migratory Aleutian Cackling Geese of BSIERP was Brie Drummond and conducted seabird counts in July in the (Branta hutchinsii leucopareia) in the John Warzybok (USFWS). Near Islands around Attu, Agattu, and the Near Islands (Attu, Agattu, Shemya, Semichi Islands. They counted 100,000 and Nizki-Alaid islands), western Aleu- The principal investigators for seabirds in coastline surveys from skiffs tians. Current research is focused on the Seabird Telemetry project are Da- and many thousands more from the M/V Attu Island, where fall migrating geese vid Irons (USFWS) and Dan Roby Tiglax 1 mile offshore. The Near Islands were observed 2009. The U.S. Air Force (USGS-OSU). Two field research were a former population stronghold of is funding this project to help identify teams led by Rosana Paredes (OSU) Red-faced Cormorants (Phalacrocorax potential habitats on other islands, de- and Rachael Orben (University of urile) in the 1970s, when over 70,000 termine their carrying capacity, and California, Santa Cruz) included team

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 53 REGIONAL REPORTS • Alaska members Dan Cushing, Brie Drum- Webb, and Tamara Zeller. The BSIERP determination of gender, stable isotope mond (USFWS), Dean Kildaw (UAF), project will continue through 2010, and ratios, stress hormone levels, telomere Tom Harten (PolarTREC teacher), the Alaska at-sea observer program will lengths, and diet composition. Samples Robert Massengale, and Warzybok. shift focus to Arctic seas with support were taken in collaboration with Drum- The teams successfully deployed global from the U.S. Minerals Management mond and Warzybok of the colony-based positioning system (GPS) loggers, Service in 2010–2013. BSIERP project (above). wet/dry activity loggers, and time-depth A fine-scale component within BSI- In the southeastern Bering Sea, Di- recorders on chick-rearing Black-legged ERP is the Patch Dynamic Study (PDS), ane Calamar Okonek, Marian Snively Kittiwakes and Thick-billed Murres. In which has three seabird components: and Stephanie Sell (ADF&G) monitored addition to determining at-sea foraging colony monitoring, telemetry tracking Black-legged Kittiwake, Common distribution and behavior during July and of breeding Black-legged Kittiwakes Murre, and Pelagic Cormorant popula- August 2009, Orben will be studying and Thick-billed Murres, and at-sea tions and productivity at Round Island, the winter distributions of Black-legged distribution and abundance and diet rela- within the Walrus Islands State Game Kittiwakes and Thick-billed Murres us- tive to the prey base. The PDS includes a Sanctuary. Productivity on the monitor- ing geolocation loggers as part of her prey-species component (Scott Heppell ing plots for murres and kittiwakes was Masters degree program. and Kelly Benoit-Bird of OSU) and a zero, likely due to predation by Common Kathy Kuletz and Liz Labunski northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) Ravens (Corvus corax) and native red completed the second of a three-year component (Andrew Trites, University foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Conversely, pro- project for the broad-scale seabird dis- of British Columbia, and also lead PI for ductivity of Pelagic Cormorants within tribution component of BSIERP, with the PDS). The at-sea component of the the monitoring plots was good (53%). support from the North Pacific Research Patch Dynamics Study, led by principal Rob Suryan is continuing his Board (NPRB). This project will ex- investigators Kelly Benoit-Bird and research with radiotagged albatrosses, amine seabird distribution relative to Scott Heppell (OSU) assessed prey looking at foraging and potential molting oceanographic and biological features patchiness and abundance in relation areas off Alaska. of the Bering Sea and ultimately data to the distribution of foraging seabirds. Greg Balogh arranged to send will be integrated with other components Surveys of seabird distribution and diets Brian Lance and Vivian Mendenhall to address changing oceanographic and were led by Kathy Kuletz (USFWS). At- to the Bering Sea aboard the U.S. Coast predator-prey dynamics in the Bering sea surveys were carried out by Nathan Guard Cutter Munro. They hoped to Sea ecosystem. In 2009 we surveyed Jones and Brian Hoover (California follow up on reports that large flocks of during 13 cruise legs, for a total of over State University, Moss Landing Marine Short-tailed Albatrosses (Phoebastria 29,760 km of transects in the Bering Lab), who will be using the data for albatrus) congregate in September over Sea. NOAA vessels and the U.S. Coast their Master’s projects. Concurrent with the western edge of the continental shelf, Guard (USCG) icebreaker Healy pro- seabird and mammal surveys were prey at the heads of major undersea canyons. vided survey platforms in conjunction acoustics and trawl sampling. The study Unfortunately the Munro’s mission kept with other BSIERP studies. Additional area included 200 km around the Pribilof it east of the Pribilof Islands, where al- pelagic surveys were conducted with Islands and Bogoslof Island and waters batrosses were at low densities. USFWS support in the Gulf of Alaska, between them. The two teams surveyed the Chukchi Sea and Beaufort Sea. In a total of 2,553 km of transects, with Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea, and these waters we joined seven cruises and 247 of those conducted at night using Alaska North Slope surveyed approximately 5,500 km. The an experimental protocol and night-vi- Dan Rizzolo (USGS) completed USCG icebreaker Polar Sea, the NOAA sion monoculars. Brian and Nathan also his second field season on the com- vessel Miller Freeman, and the AMNWR collected kittiwakes and murres as part parative ecology of loons nesting on the vessel Tiglax provided platforms of op- of the diet and trophic interactions study. Arctic Coastal Plain, as part of his PhD portunity. In addition, Rob Suryan (OSU, Hatfield program at UAF. This project deployed Survey data from all of the pelagic Marine Science Center) collected data on satellite radios on nesting Red-throated surveys will be archived with the as- eddies in relation to seabird and fur seal and Yellow-billed Loons (Gavia stellata sistance of Martin Renner in the North feeding areas, using 2 drifters provided and G. adamsii) to examine use of the Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database. At-sea by Phyllis Stabeno and Carol Ladd Chukchi Sea and non-breeding season observers in 2009 included Toby Burke, (National Oceanic and Atmospheric distribution. Data were also collected Dan Cushing, Lucas DeCicco, Brian Administration [NOAA]). on productivity, foraging ecology, Hoover, Nathan Jones, Robb Kaler, Diet and blood samples of tagged and chick growth of Red-throated and Ivan Kuletz, Kathy Kuletz, Liz Labun- birds in colonies were collected for the Pacific (G. pacifica) loons nesting on ski, Aaron Lang, Vivian Mendenhall, Patch Dynamics Study by Rebecca the Chukchi Sea coast near Point Lay. Scott Mills, Marty Reedy, Alexandra Young, Sarah Youngren, Ine Dorres- Bob Day and Adrian Gall (ABR) Rose, Art Sowls, Tom Van Pelt, Sophie teijn, and Thibaut Vergoz (UAF) for conducted at-sea surveys of seabirds

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 54 REGIONAL REPORTS • Alaska in the northeastern Chukchi Sea dur- (Chen caerulescens) on the Arctic using 50 GIS datasets Falk has compiled ing the open water season (late July Coastal Plain. This survey covers the over the years. Details can be found at to mid–October). Our invaluable ob- coast between Prudhoe Bay and Barrow the website of the International Polar servers from the bridge were Lauren and enumerates brood-rearing geese Year (IPY; search for author’s name and Attanas, Jennifer Boisvert, Tim and maps use of coastal salt marshes by “Arctic Protection”): http://www.ipy.org/ Obritschkewitsch, John Rose, and geese. Funding is from the North Slope index.php? option=com_k2&id =1951 Peter Sanzenbacher. This project is a Borough and ConocoPhillips Alaska, &category=6&view=item&Itemid=0. multi-disciplinary oceanographic study Inc. that will provide an environmental con- Pelagic surveys were conducted in text for development plans of offshore the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas under oil prospects. Kathy Kuletz; see Bering Sea section, CANADA Bob Ritchie and Obritschkewtisch above. Compiled by Ken Morgan (ABR) continued their annual aerial survey for breeding Steller’s Eiders Other Projects British Columbia Polysticta stelleri ( ) in the Barrow re- Tuula Hollmen (Alaska SeaLife Doug Bertram’s main project in- gion, under contract with USFWS and Center and UAF), Shiway Wang (Alaska trvolves detection of population trends the North Slope Borough. SeaLife Center, Sedna Ecological Inc.), in Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus Betty Anderson and Rick Sue Budge (Dalhousie University), marmoratus) using radar monitoring Johnson (ABR) completed the 17th and Matthew Wooller (UAF) received at key locations in British Columbia year of aerial surveys for pre-nest- funding from NPRB to study the diets (BC). Bertram is based in Environment ing eiders on the Arctic Coastal Plain in threatened eiders using stable carbon Canada, Science and Technology Branch for ConocoPhillips Alaska, Inc. They isotopes of specific fatty acids, specifi- (EC/S&T), Sidney, BC. In 2009, Ber- enumerated and mapped locations of cally to validate a new technique with nard Schroeder Consulting (Nanaimo, Spectacled (Somateria fischeri), King controlled feeding experiments. Wang BC) surveyed the Marbled Murrelet Con- (S. spectabilis), and Steller’s Eiders in and Hollmen also received funding from servation Regions of Vancouver Island’s the oilfields between the Kuparuk River the Coastal Marine Resource Grant/Na- north and west coasts. and the northeastern National Petroleum tional Park Service to validate the use Alan Burger (University of Victo- Reserve–Alaska. of yolk fatty acids to estimate diets of ria [UVIC], Victoria, BC) is continuing Ann Wildman and Rick Johnson captive female spectacled eiders. research on Marbled Murrelets and (ABR) continued their study of breed- Hollmen, David Safine (Alaska other seabirds in BC. He is analyzing a ing Yellow-billed Loons on the Colville SeaLife Center sea duck research staff), database covering 31,000 trees to assess River delta and in the National Petroleum Wang, Ann Riddle, and graduate stu- availability of potential nest platforms Reserve–Alaska. Nesting pairs were dent Rebekka Federer (UAF) worked for murrelets in all coastal regions of the monitored with time-lapse cameras at on several projects involving captive province. Rob Ronconi of Dalhousie nests to determine nest occupancy and eiders, laboratory, and field studies. They University (DAL), Halifax, Nova Scotia document predator events. After hatch, focused on reproductive physiology, [NS]) continued his work with Burger on brood use of lakes was monitored with disease ecology, nutrition, and diving models of factors affecting murrelet nest periodic aerial surveys. Funding for this physiology. Federer defended her MSc platforms. Burger is also undertaking a study was provided by ConocoPhillips thesis in April 2009. The title of her thesis status review of the Marbled Murrelet Alaska, Inc. is “Quantifying diet to tissue isotopic in Canada for the Committee on the Betty Anderson (ABR) is continu- fractionation factors in captive spec- Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada ing her long-term study (since 1993) tacled eiders: implications for nutrient (COSEWIC). In addition, Burger contin- on breeding Spectacled Eiders in the allocation and foraging studies.” ues to analyze data from past radar and Kuparuk Oilfield for ConocoPhillips Falk Huettmann and his students low-level helicopter surveys to identify Alaska, Inc. In addition to daily road at the EWHALE lab (UAF) worked on and map murrelet nesting habitat in BC, surveys to evaluate numbers and habi- several offshore and pelagic projects, working with Louise Waterhouse (BC tat use by pre-nesting eiders in the oil- including Pacific Rim Avian Influenza Ministry of Forests, Nanaimo), Alvin fields, nesting females were monitored and science-based policy. Of general Cober (BC Ministry of Environment for nesting success and incubation con- interest might also be some of the work [BCMOE] in the Queen Charlotte Islands stancy with thermistored eggs and time- on data from higher latitudes (North [QCI]), and David (Dov) Lank (Simon lapse cameras. and South). Specifically, they did some Fraser University [SFU], Burnaby, Bob Ritchie, Betty Anderson, and research regarding Marine Protected BC). Rick Johnson continued their annual Areas and the entire protection of the Trudy Chatwin (BCMOE, also aerial survey for brood-rearing Brant circumpolar arctic, based on the strategic MSc student at Royal Roads University, (Branta bernicla) and Snow Geese conservation planning tool MARXAN, Victoria) continued to work on Marbled

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 55 REGIONAL REPORTS • Canada

Murrelet habitat recovery and protec- aerial surveys of Double-crested Cormo- University of Ottawa) and Kyle El- tion with the Marbled Murrelet Habitat rant (Phalacrocorax auritus) colonies in liott (PhD student, UM) visited Reef Recovery Implementation Group. Chat­ BC. She noted that the recent surveys of Island, QCI during 27 April–11 May to win and Monica Mather are preparing Pelagic and Double-crested Cormorants study diving behavior in Ancient Mur- to publish a model of suitable nesting suggest shifts in distribution of the spe- relets (Synthliboramphus antiquus) and habitat in coastal BC, based mainly on cies, and general declines or abandon- Cassin’s Auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuti- forest cover characteristics overlain with ment in many colonies. (However, see cus), as well as incubation metabolism protected–area data in the province. The BSC’s report, next paragraph.) in Ancient Murrelets. In 2008 only four result will show how much Marbled Mur- Bird Studies Canada (BSC), Delta, of 16 birds equipped with time-depth relet habitat is protected at a regional and BC has been working on a variety of recorders (TDRs) had returned, so this provincial scale. Chatwin and Mather are seabird trends. Personnel included Pete year the researchers increased the sample working with Jamie Popkin (Little Earth Davidson, Rob Butler, Dick Cannings, size of birds returning with TDRs. Using GIS Consulting, Lantzville, BC) to pro- Christopher Di Corrado, and Karen only already–banded birds (which may duce a “MAMU Mashup” for Vancouver Barry (all of BSC), and Anne Murray be more resilient to disturbance than Island (http://mamu.littleearth.ca/). This and Krista Englund (BC Nature). Pre- unbanded ones), they retrieved TDRs database combines habitat, the above liminary analyses of non-breeding and from 20 birds, leaving only two TDRs model, landscape-scale­ protected areas, wintering populations of birds occurring unretrieved. One of the TDR­-banded and change in habitat from logging. in coastal and near shore habitats in the birds was 25 years old—which is very Chatwin also reported that BCMOE Georgia Basin, BC, derived from the 10- old for an Ancient Murrelet! is working with Island Conservation year Coastal Waterbird Survey data set Gaston also reported that the LBCS (IC) to restore former seabird nesting (www.bsc-eoc.org/volunteer/bccws), re- field project, led by Jake Pattison and colonies on Lanz and Cox Islands on the vealed stable trends in more than 60% of Ainsley Brown, continued monitoring of northwest coast of Vancouver Island by the approximately 60 species examined. seabirds in Laskeek Bay, off the east coast removing alien mammals. Initial surveys The data showed notable increases in Pi- of the QCI. The population of Ancient of Lanz, Cox and Triangle islands by IC geon Guillemots (Cepphus columba) and Murrelets on East Limestone Island has Double-crested and Pelagic Cormorants, detected introduced raccoons (Procyon declined steeply in recent years, and the but continuing long-term declines in lotor) and mink (Mustela vison) on Cox number of chicks trapped in 2009 was the Western Grebes (Aechmophorus clarkii) Island, mink on Lanz Island and Euro- lowest recorded. Predation by raccoons and Black Scoters (Melanitta nigra). pean rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) on is likely responsible; although raccoons Between October 2008 and October Triangle Island. Kirsty Swinnerton and have been eradicated, they can swim to 2009, BSC conducted monthly boat- the IC team plan to focus on removal of the island and recolonize. Among other based marine bird and mammal surveys mink and raccoons on Lanz and Cox. The species monitored, Cassin’s Auklets of the Southern Gulf Islands, Boundary IC team includes the Quatsino First Na- appear to be increasing in the islands, Pass and Haro Strait (BC), following tion. This will be a challenging project, and probably also Fork-tailed Storm- a standard protocol. Davidson also re- Oceanodroma furcata due to the remote and rugged terrain and ported that the BC Breeding Bird Atlas Petrels ( ). Black dense undergrowth of the islands. In her (www.birdatlas.bc.ca) completed year Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) “spare time,” Chatwin completed data two of five survey seasons (2008-2014). and Glaucous-winged Gull populations collection for her thesis, “Development Seabird colony data included collec- appear to be stable in the area. of Scientifically-based Guidelines for tion and collation of information from Anne Harfenist (Harfenist Envi- Viewing Seabirds”; she is now analyzing other groups (e.g., the Canadian Wildlife ronmental Consulting, Smithers, BC), and writing. Alan Burger is supervising Service [CWS] and the Laskeek Bay along with assistant Janet Gray (QCI), this work. Conservation Society [LBCS]). Previ- continued her study of Leach’s Storm-pe- In 2009, Harry Carter (Carter Bio- ously unknown colonies of Glaucous- trel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) survival logical Consulting, Victoria) and Trudy winged Gulls (Larus glaucescens) and at two sites along the British Columbian Chatwin conducted colony surveys of Double-crested Cormorants in the Strait coast. This is the fourth year of the proj- Pelagic Cormorants (Phalacrocorax of Georgia were among the many new ect, funded through the Bulkley Valley pelagicus) in the Strait of Georgia, BC. discoveries. Centre for Natural Resources Research With Spencer Sealy (University of BSC continued to coordinate and Management. Adult survival esti- Manitoba [UM], Winnipeg) and others, beached–bird surveys in the province, mates will be generated for two colonies: Carter worked on the distribution and and contributed the data to 2 collabora- Rock Islet in southeast QCI and Cleland history of murrelets in western North tive papers that were published recently Island off southwestern Vancouver America and eastern Asia. in Marine Ornithology. Island. Jessica Adkins (Oregon State Tony Gaston (EC/S&T, Ottawa, Mark Hipfner of the Centre for University, Corvallis [OSU]) conducted Ontario), Akiko Shoji (MSc student, Wildlife Ecology (CWE), SFU, and

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 56 REGIONAL REPORTS • Canada

EC/S&T reported on the 16th year of the Glaucous-winged Gull, with study sites the team to relate this event to changes CWE’s seabird research and monitoring at Mandarte Island and other colonies in in both diet and gull predation, the latter program on Triangle Island, BC. The southwestern BC. due a relaxation of gull control starting 2009 field crew consisted of Hipfner and Ken Morgan (EC/CWS, Sidney, in 2000. To put the decline in context, CWE contractors Kristin Charleton, BC) continued monitoring seabirds in according to CWS records going back Rachel Darvill, Jasmine Freed, Glen the northeast Pacific and western Arctic. to 1873, the tern colony had abandoned Keddie, Paul Levesque and Jason Morgan conducted one survey, and EC the island only once before (in 1944). van Rooyen, volunteer Michiel Faber, contractor Michael Bentley conducted The colony was the largest tern colony Amy-Lee Kouwenberg (PhD candidate, two along the 1500–km route referred (both species combined) in the Gulf Memorial University of Newfoundland to as “Line P,” from the Strait of Juan de of Maine/Bay of Fundy, and the larg- and Labrador [MUN], St. John’s, New- Fuca (BC) to Ocean Station Papa (50°N, est known Arctic Tern colony in North foundland [NL]), and Dan Shervill 145°W). Bentley also conducted a survey America. It is still the largest colony of (Environment Canada [EC]/Canadian from Victoria across the north Pacific, Atlantic Puffins, Razorbills, and Com- Wildlife Service [CWS], Delta, BC). As through the Bering Sea, and east through mon Murres in the Gulf of Maine/Bay of usual, they monitored breeding chronol- the Beaufort Sea to Kugluktuk, Nunavut Fundy region. In 2009, herring (Clupea ogy and success and related demographic (NU); this marked the third year in a row harengus) returned to the diet of puffins parameters in Cassin’s Auklet, Rhinoc- this route has been monitored. and razorbills, in proportions not seen eros Auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata), since the year 2000. Terns abandoned Tufted Puffin (Fratercula cirrhata), Central and Eastern Canada again, after laying fewer eggs than last Common Murre (Uria aalge), Pelagic Tony Diamond (University of New year, but in late July they returned in Cormorant, Black Oystercatcher, and Brunswick [UNB], Fredericton, New good numbers (about 2000 at one point); Glaucous-winged Gull. Breeding success Brunswick [NB]) reported that students the terns displayed, carried fish, selected in 2009 was generally close to long-term from UNB continued the long-term nest sites, and generally behaved as one averages for most species. However, no research and monitoring of seabirds and would expect if they were about to nest. murres raised chicks in 2009—a result their diets on Machias Seal Island, Bay of Many Arctic Terns still carried field- of constant harassment by Bald Eagles Fundy, NB. This program, which started readable bands from the metapopulation (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and Glau- in 1995, examines a subpopulation of study carried out by Kate Devlin (see cous-winged Gulls. EC continued with known-age banded birds in three focal Auk 2008, 125:1-9). their seabird monitoring program in BC species that represent different foraging Dave Fifield (EC/CWS, St. John’s, in 2009, with a reunion of sorts on Tri- and migratory strategies: Atlantic Puffin NL) and Carina Gjerdrum (EC/CWS, angle Island: Moira Lemon (EC/CWS, (Fratercula arctica), Razorbill (Alca tor- Dartmouth, NS) continue to coordinate Delta) led a crew consisting of contrac- da), and Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea). the collection of pelagic seabird data tors Michael Rodway and Heidi Re- Intensive banding and resighting allow offshore NL and NS. Additional fund- gehr in population surveys for Cassin’s the team to track changes in movement ing was provided by the Environmental Auklets, Rhinoceros Auklets and Tufted and survival. Also, chick growth rates Studies Research Fund to map seabird Puffins. Finally, Hipfner, Keddie, Sher- and breeding success are monitored in distribution and abundance around hy- vill and David Cunnington (EC/CWS, marked plots or burrows, and diet is drocarbon activities in the region. Since Delta, BC) visited the Rhinoceros Auklet monitored by observation and collection September 2008, surveys occurred dur- colonies at Lucy Island (North Coast), of prey items brought to chicks. Other ing 163 days and covered over 10,000 km Pine Island (Central Coast), and Sgang breeding species there include Common of ocean track. These surveys are mostly Gwaay (QCI) in July and August as part Murre, Common Tern (Sterna hirundo), focused on the Grand Banks and Scotian of ongoing genetic and demographic Common Eider (Somateria mollissima), Shelf, but also cover from the Gulf of studies on the population-level impacts and Leach’s Storm-Petrel. As part of Maine in the south to Lancaster Sound in of fisheries bycatch. the Gulf of Maine Seabird Working the north, and from the central Canadian Heather Major continues her PhD Group, they collaborate closely with high arctic in the west to Greenland in the at SFU, investigating prospecting deci- US researchers on many islands there, east. The first full-scale analysis of the sions and habitat selection by Ancient sharing most research and monitoring data will be published this year. Murrelets in the QCI and the western protocols. Since June 2009, Rob Ronconi Aleutian Islands. The team has detected substantial has been working as a post-doc with Louise Blight (Centre for Applied changes in the Machias Seal Island Marty Leonard at DAL. Along with Conservation Research, University of colony over the years, the most spec- colleagues Sarah Wong (PhD student, British Columbia [UBC], Vancouver, tacular being desertion of the colony by DAL), Heather Koopman and An- BC) continued her doctoral research both Arctic and Common Terns in 2006 drew Westgate (University of North on the population dynamics of the and subsequent years. The data allow Carolina, Wilmington), they have been

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 57 REGIONAL REPORTS • Canada studying the foraging ecology, habitat tagged Black-legged Kittiwakes. Five to the conservation of the Pink-footed selection, and migratory strategies of murres and two kittiwakes with tags Shearwater by Chile and Canada. Greater Shearwaters (Puffinus gravis) were present but could not be caught. Morgan also participated in the in the Bay of Fundy. They are doing Due to failure of some devices, move- Agreement on the Conservation of Al- the work through the Grand Manan ment records of only 12 murres and one batrosses and Petrels (ACAP) Meeting Whale and Seabird Research Station on kittiwake were useable. It was a very of the Parties, in Bergen Norway. At Grand Manan Island, NB. Ronconi and early year for breeding at this colony the meeting, Maura Naughton (U.S. Leonard are also co-supervising honors (the earliest on record for both species), Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS], student Rolanda Steenweg (DAL), who probably because the ice broke up very Portland, Oregon) summarized status as- is studying season diet shifts in Great early in the surrounding waters. sessments for Short-tailed, Black-footed Black-backed and Herring Gulls (Larus Jenn Provencher (UVIC) wrote and Laysan (P. immutabilis) albatrosses, marinus and L. argentatus) from Kent that a small seabird research team visited written by Naughton, Morgan, and Greg Island, NB. Digges Sound (NU) from late July to Balogh (USFWS, Anchorage, Alaska), Linda Takahashi (MSc student, early August 2009. Grant Gilchrist (EC/ with assistance from Kim Rivera (Na- MUN) wrote that Anne Storey and Car- S&T, Ottawa, ON), P. Smith (Carleton tional Oceanographic and Atmospheric olyn Walsh (Cognitive and Behavioural University, Ottawa, ON) and Provencher Administration, Juneau, Alaska). As a Ecology, MUN) have continued research focused effort on the large Thick-billed result, ACAP member nations unani- on the parental care of the Atlantic Puf- Murre colony in the area, retrieving geo­ mously agreed to add the north Pacific fin and Common Murre in Witless Bay, loggers deployed in 2008, completing a albatrosses to the list of species under NL. Takahashi recorded behavioral photo census of the East Digges Island the Agreement. By the addition of these interactions between Common Murre portion of the colony, and collecting adult three species, all species of albatrosses parents while both are at the colony on murres near Cape Wolstenholme and in are now under ACAP’s umbrella. Gull Island (NL). Megan Rector (MUN) Nuvuk Harbour (both in QC). The work Pat O’Hara (EC/CWS, Sidney, BC, completed a supplemental-feeding ex- was part of an International Polar Year and UVIC) is the Pacific lead on the Birds periment on Atlantic Puffins for her MSc, project that has examined changes in Oiled at Sea (BOAS) program. This pro- using burrow scopes on Gull Island. PhD adult diet since the early 1980s. The team gram is providing research support for student Amy-Lee Kouwenberg (MUN) also conducted surveys at several gull policy, management, and enforcement collected samples for a stable isotope colonies, including pairs of Iceland Gulls efforts associated with anthropogenic study using Atlantic Puffins from Gull (Larus glaucoides), Glaucous Gulls (L. marine pollution, and for examining Island and the Gannet Islands (NL), and hyperboreus), Herring Gulls, and Great impacts that this pollution has on ma- Rhinoceros Auklets with Mark Hipfner Black-backed Gulls. Other work in- rine ecosystems. The BOAS program in on Triangle Island, BC. cluded a feeding watch at a small Black Canada's Pacific region consists of two In September 2009, Rob Ronconi Guillemot (Cepphus grille) colony, a basic components; the first is marine Peter Ryan DALoined (University of census of small Common Eider colonies, ecosystem risk assessment of maritime Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa) and at-sea surveys that included Atlantic activities in Canadian waters, focusing on a voyage to Inaccessible Island in the Puffins, Common Loons (Gavia immer) on illegal intentional and accidental dis- mid–South Atlantic. They will be de- and a Razorbill, along with species more charges of oily wastes. This component ploying satellite transmitters on Greater common to the area. is based on data from the National Aerial Shearwaters (Puffinus gravis) to docu- Surveillance Program (Transport Canada ment their northward migration routes. Other work and EC’s Marine Aerial Reconnaissance This project is also collaborating with Ken Morgan is chair of Canada’s Team), the Integrated Satellite Tracking Marie Caroline-Martin (PhD student, Pink-footed Shearwater (Puffinus creato- College of Staten Island, New York). pus), Short-tailed Albatross (Phoebastria of Polluters program (EC), and Marine albatrus) and Black-footed Albatross Communications and Traffic Services of the Canadian Coast Guard. The second Arctic Canada (P. nigripes) Recovery Team. He con- component is in monitoring pollution- In July, Tony Gaston (EC/S&T, tracted Amy Medve to write a draft Re- Ottawa, ON), along with Rob Rankin covery Action Plan for the three species. related change in habitats, communities, (MSc, University of Lund, Lund, Swe- In March, Garry Donaldson (EC/CWS, and ecosystems. Data informing this den) and Kevin Elner (volunteer) visited Gatineau, Quebec [QC]) and Morgan met component come from several sources: Prince Leopold Island, NU to recapture with officials from the government of colleagues within EC, the Canadian De- birds equipped with geolocator tags in Chile, nongovernmental organizations, partment of Fisheries and Oceans, and 2008. They recaptured 17 tagged Thick- academics, and others in Viña del Mar, several beached bird survey programs Billed Murres (Uria lomvia) and four Chile to discuss a coordinated approach (BSC, the Coastal Observation and

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 58 REGIONAL REPORTS • Canada

Seabird Survey Team, and the Farallones (Crescent Coastal Research). In Califor- Johnson in Astoria, Nick Stumpf in Marine Sanctuary Association). nia (CA), Sherri Miller, with crew lead- Tillamook, Laurie O’Nion in Forest The Important Bird Areas (IBA) ers Mark Morrissette and Elias Elias Grove, Ole Buch in Western Lane, Ryan program is undergoing a renaissance in (U.S. Forest Service-Pacific Southwest Greco in Coos Bay, Eric Foucht and Canada, spearheaded by BC. In part- Research Station [PSW]) led surveys Dan McMinds in West Oregon; Matt nership with BC Nature, Bird Studies in Zone 4 (Coos Bay, Oregon through Gostin was the ODF contract adminis- Canada has established caretakers for Humboldt County, CA). Annual popula- trator. Surveyors conducted more than the province’s 84 designated IBAs, has tion estimates for the 5-zone area have 1500 surveys at 196 unique sites and begun revision of the web database, ranged from 17,400 to 23,700 Marbled 970 unique stations, whose habitat varied Murrelets, with the 2009 estimate at among first-, second-, and multi-year for- tools and resources (see www.ibacanada. 17,750. The significant declining trend est. Murrelets were detected during 150 ca), delivered outreach and partnership- described in 2008 continued in 2009. A surveys and “occupied” behavior was building presentations to approximately summary report with trend analysis and observed during 23 surveys. All surveys 20 resource management agencies, and other results is available at their website were conducted according to PSG’s 2003 are contributing to the Marine IBA iden- (http://www.reo.gov/monitoring/mm- survey protocol. tification process for the Baja to Bering overview.shtml). Population surveys will Jeff Reams led murrelet surveys region. And last but not least, BSC has continue in 2010. as pre-timber management for Forest recently made publicly available most The Habitat Monitoring Team of Capital Partners (represented by Jenni- major bird monitoring data sets in which the Effectiveness Monitoring Program fer Bakke) in the coast range of Oregon. they have been involved, through the (including Marty Raphael, Kim Nel- Over 50 surveys at 11 unique sites in the website www.naturecounts.ca son and Katie Dugger of Oregon State Oregon coast range were completed. University (OSU), Sherri Miller, Jim Reams also supervised 20 surveys at Baldwin (PSW), and Deanna Lynch and 3 sites in the coast range of Oregon in Rich Young (USFWS) continue work support of a watershed management plan on modeling murrelet nesting habitat for the city of Corvallis. Gary Rodgers relationships across the 5 conservation was the City of Corvallis representative. WASHINGTON-OREGON zones, for an assessment of murrelet Finally, Turnstone completed the second Compiled by Don Lyons nesting habitat through the first 15 years year of murrelet surveys in support of a of the NWF Plan (1993–2008). Other proposed energy infrastructure project in Marbled Murrelets contributors to the monitoring program northwest Oregon. The project included The Marbled Murrelet Effective- included Beth Galleher (PNW) and CJ conducting 74 murrelet surveys at 13 ness Monitoring Program, coordinated Ralph and Linda Long (PSW), plus the sites located on both public and private by Gary Falxa (U.S. Fish and Wildlife many seasonal technicians who made the lands. Service [USFWS], Arcata, CA) con- population surveys possible. In addition tinues to monitor the status and trend to the NWF Plan, Martin Raphael and Columbia River: seabirds and of Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus Tom Bloxton surveyed other seabirds salmon marmoratus) populations and nesting and marine mammals in Recovery Zone Jeannette Zamon (National Ocean- habitat. This is an interagency effort to 1, from the San Juan Islands to Olympia ographic and Atmospheric Agency evaluate the effectiveness of the North- in Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de [NOAA]-Fisheries), Elizabeth Phillips west Forest Plan (NWF Plan). We have Fuca, and continued collecting baseline (OSU, Cooperative Institute for Marine monitored murrelet populations annually data on within-season and annual chang- Resource Studies), and Lauren Rein- from boats since 2000, covering about es in distributions, densities, and produc- alda (Pacific States Marine Fisheries 8800 km2 of coastal waters, covering tivity indices (as estimated from ratios of Commission)—all based at NOAA- murrelet conservation Zones 1 through juvenile to adult birds) of murrelets in the Fisheries’ Point Adams Research Station 5 (from the US–Canada border to San San Juan Island archipelago—a data set in Hammond, OR—continued research Francisco Bay). Zone 1 (Puget Sound that goes back to 1995. on interactions of Sooty Shearwaters through Straits of Juan de Fuca) surveys Turnstone Environmental Con- (Puffinus griseus) and Common were led by Marty Raphael and Tom sultants conducted Marbled Mur- Murres (Uria aalge) with juvenile Bloxton (U.S. Forest Service-Pacific relet surveys for a variety of land salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) around Northwest Research Station [PNW]). managers in 2009. Tom Williamson the Columbia River plume area. They Scott Pearson and Monique Lance was the Turnstone project manager for also collaborated with Josh Adams (U.S. (WDFW) led surveys in Zone 2 (outer Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) Geologic Survey [USGS]), who is using coast of Washington [WA]), and Oregon contracts in 7 coastal districts. District satellite tags to study Sooty Shearwater (OR) surveys were led by Craig Strong representatives for ODF were Jenny movements in the California Current

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 59 REGIONAL REPORTS • Washington-Oregon ecosystem. With excellent assistance 20 years ago. Over 30 Double-crested (Ictaluridae) made up the bulk of the diet. from volunteer observers Ryan Mer- Cormorants from the ESI colony were As in 2008, no terns nested at the new rill (WA) and Terry Hunefeld ( CA), tracked in a continuing satellite telemetry island in Fern Ridge Reservoir, although they also completed three at-sea seabird study to investigate post-breeding disper- video recordings showed multiple visits surveys between Cape Flattery, WA and sal and location of wintering areas. ESI to the island by different Caspian Terns. Newport, OR in March, May, and June is also the largest known post-breeding Besides OSU, USGS, and RTR, the 2009. Analysis of seabird distribution, roost site for California Brown Pelicans Caspian Tern Working Group included oceanographic conditions, juvenile (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus), representation from NOAA-Fisheries, salmon, and forage fish abundance pat- with over 16,800 Brown Pelicans count- USACE, USFWS, WDFW, Oregon terns continues, with funding by NOAA ed on the island in mid to late July. Department of Fish, Idaho Department and the Bonneville Power Administra- On the Mid-Columbia River, near of Fish and Game, Columbia River Inter- tion. Additionally, Zamon and coworkers its confluence with the Snake River in Tribal Fish Commission, and others. This continue monthly land-based marine bird eastern WA, the Caspian Tern colony year’s research team included Dan Roby and mammal surveys from North Head on Crescent Island was estimated at 350 (USGS/OSU), Jessica Adkins, Dan Lighthouse (Cape Disappointment State nesting pairs in 2009, down from 390 Battaglia, Maureen Correll, Karen Park, WA) to assess year-round wild- in 2008. Juvenile salmonids comprised Fischer, Nathan Hostetter, Pete Los- life use of the Columbia River plume 64% of the diet of Crescent Island terns chl, Don Lyons, Tim Marcella, Lauren habitat. in 2009, similar to 2000–2007. In 2009, Reinalda, Yasuko Suzuki, James Ten- OSU, the USGS-Oregon Coop- this colony was surpassed by the Goose nyson, and Coral Wolf (OSU), Ken Col- erative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Island colony in Potholes Reservoir lis, Brad Cramer, Allen Evans, Mike Real Time Research (RTR), and coopera- (eastern WA) as the largest colony in Hawbecker, and John Sheggeby (RTR), tors in the Caspian Tern Working Group the Columbia Plateau Region, with and numerous seasonal technicians and continued their research on colony dy- approximately 500 pairs. Goose Island volunteers. Research was funded by namics and seabird predation on salmon is also the largest Double-crested Cor- the Bonneville Power Administration, smolts in the lower Columbia River and morant colony in the Columbia Plateau USACE, and the Northwest Power and the entire Pacific Northwest. The largest Region, with around 810 pairs nesting in Conservation Council. breeding colonies of both Caspian Terns trees at the north end of the reservoir in (Hydroprogne caspia) and Double- 2009. Foundation Island, 9 km upriver Washington—colonies, at sea crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax from Crescent Island, also supports a Scott Pearson, Peter Hodum auritus) on the west coast occur on East tree-nesting colony of Double-crested (Oikonos), Julia Parrish (University of Sand Island (ESI) in the Columbia River Cormorants, which had at least 310 nest- Washington), and Tom Good (NOAA, estuary. In 2009, the ESI Caspian Tern ing pairs in 2009. Northwest Fisheries Science Center) colony was approximately 9850 pairs Implementation of the Caspian extended their multi-year comparative in late May, compared to approximately Tern Management Plan was continued study of foraging ecology and repro- 10,670 pairs in 2008. Juvenile salmonids in 2009 with efforts to relocate terns to ductive success of Rhinoceros Auklets comprised 32% of the diet of terns at artificial nesting islands. Before the 2008 (Cerorhinca monocerata) on Protec- ESI in 2009, a small increase from 29% nesting season, the U.S. Army Corps of tion, Destruction and Tatoosh islands, in 2008. Northern anchovy (Engraulis Engineers (USACE) built two 0.2-ha tern WA. They also continued their five-year mordax) and surfperch (Embiotocidae) nesting islands at Summer Lake Wildlife population monitoring program for were the most prevalent non-salmonid Area in southeastern OR, and two 0.4-ha Tufted Puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) prey. After ESI, the Caspian Tern colony tern nesting islands were built, one each on Tatoosh. The comparative foraging at Dungeness Spit, WA has been the at Crump Lake (southeastern OR) and study of Rhinoceros Auklets addresses second largest in the Pacific Northwest. Fern Ridge Reservoir (near Eugene, OR). spatial and temporal variation in diet However, after reaching a peak number Caspian Tern decoys and sound systems across three different marine habitats. of about 500 pairs in early June 2009, the playing tern calls were deployed at all Prey composition differed between sites, entire Dungeness Spit colony failed by sites except Crump Lake. All sites were with birds on Protection exploiting a nar- early July due to avian and mammalian monitored for tern activity throughout rower range of prey species and depend- predation pressure. the breeding season. Sixteen pairs of ing more heavily on Pacific sand lance The 2009 Double-crested Cormorant Caspian Terns nested on the new Sum- (Ammodytes hexapterus) than auklets on colony at ESI was approximately 12,090 mer Lake islands in 2009; approximately Destruction and Tatoosh. Despite dietary nesting pairs (up from 10,950 pairs in 420 Caspian Tern pairs nested at Crump differences, reproductive performance 2008). While colony size fluctuated by Lake, similar to 2008. About 145 fledg- has been comparable across the three 10 to 20% from 2007 to 2009, this colony lings were produced at Crump Lake, colonies among years. In 2009, Tufted increased dramatically since first noted where Tui chub (Gila bicolor) and catfish Puffins on Tatoosh had their most

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 60 REGIONAL REPORTS • Washington-Oregon successful breeding season since moni- Joe Evenson, Bryan Murphie, in northern Puget Sound. They also toring began in 2005. and Tom Cyra (WDFW, Puget Sound are archiving the 1999-2003 breeding This past year Joe Galusha from Assessment and Monitoring Program surveys of Pigeon Guillemots (Cepphus Walla Walla University has been study- [PSAMP]) are continuing the low-level columba) in the inner marine waters of ing social facilitation in juvenile Glau- aerial bird surveys throughout the inner WA State. cous-winged Gulls (Larus glaucescens) marine waters of WA this coming winter, Questions or input on WDFW on natal territories in the colony on Pro- as has been done since 1992. Maps of studies can be directed to Joe Evenson tection Island National Wildlife Refuge. density indices for selected species and (360-790-8691; [email protected].), The young gulls are twice as likely to other data products are available for the Bryan Murphie (360-790-8687), Tom be doing the same behaviors at the same 1992–2008 winters and the 1992–1999 Cyra (425-422-0537), or Ruth Milner time with each other as with their par- summer surveys at http://www.wdfw. (360-466-4345x265). ents, neighboring gull chicks, or distant wa.gov/mapping/psamp/ These data On a sad note for seabird research control birds. Doing the same things are also accessible through the Wild- in WA, for the three remaining staff, and at the same time may be functionally life Resources Data Section, WDFW, especially for a marine person like him- advantageous to the bonding process in Olympia. self, budget cuts led WDFW to reassign this species. Galusha and colleagues are WDFW’s mark-recapture study of Dave Nysewander from seabird issues also analyzing 100 hours of videotape for molting scoters (Melanitta spp.) was to large carnivores. We miss him in the patterns in preening by adult and juvenile continued in 2009. As in late summer field and try to sneak him out whenever gulls. The length of preening bouts vary 2007 and 2008, we used specially modi- possible. greatly (from 0.2 to 13.4 sec) during the fied gill nets to increase banding effort. series that make up a preen episode (from Over 1600 Surf, White-winged, and Oregon—colonies, at sea start to stop of alternating preen and Black Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata, Rob Suryan reported on the Seabird vigilance). Interestingly, the efficiency M. fusca, and M. nigra) were banded on Oceanography Lab (SOL) at OSU’s Hat- ratio (length of preen/following period 26 capture days over a nine-week period field Marine Science Center (HMSC) in of vigilance) is lower at the beginning at four areas: Padilla Bay, Boundary Bay, Newport. SOL is involved in research on and ending of an episode and peaks in the vicinity of Oak Harbor, and the mouth marine and estuarine avian ecology and the middle. of the Fraser River in British Columbia. integrated ecosystem studies, while pro- Lora Leschner, North Puget Sound Around 3000 scoters have been banded viding research opportunities for students Wildlife Program Manager, Washing- over the study’s three years. This effort and developing educational programs. ton Department of Fish and Wildlife has been highly successful due to the Now in its fourth year, SOL continued to (WDFW), is involved in estuary resto- extensive collaboration between varied expand the breadth of research projects ration projects on Padilla, Skagit, and WDFW staff, Dan Esler, Eric Ander- Port Susan Bay as well as the Snohom- son, Jenn Barrett (Simon Fraser Uni- throughout the north Pacific. Research ish River estuary. The WA legislature versity, British Columbia), and numerous in 2008–2009 included Common murre directed the state to restore habitat for volunteers from British Columbia and (Uria aalge) reproductive biology and threatened species, but to “restore public Washington. foraging ecology at Yaquina Head, Or- lands first” in an effort to reduce impacts WDFW also continued a study on egon; U.S. West Coast fisheries and sea- on private agricultural land. This has sex and age ratios of scoters and Harle- bird interactions; life history strategies resulted in conflict and controversy, as quin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) and environmental forcing (see below for hunters, bird watchers, and hikers feel to examine hatch-year recruitment. these projects); plus research in Alaska, that their recreation areas are changed This work began in February 2008. The California, Hawaii, and Japan (details are with no replacement for recreation ac- sampling scheme involved 40 boat-days in reports for those areas). cess. However, waterbirds love the newly of survey covering all winter groups of Suryan, Amanda Gladics (USFWS), created estuary habitat and flooded farm Harlequin Ducks and a large percentage and Amanda Stewart (National Science fields. It will be exciting to see the habitat of wintering scoters known to occur in Foundation intern) conducted studies of changes, and to watch whether the estu- the inner marine waters of WA. We plan Common Murres at the Yaquina Head ary restorations remain productive for to repeat the effort again in February colony in Newport, OR. This was the water birds. Feasibility studies, including 2010. third consecutive year of collaborative community support for wetland restora- Other projects related to breeding studies at this site among OSU, USFWS, tion, are planned for 3 of the projects marine birds are continuing or evolving and the Bureau of Land Management. that Lora is managing. Agriculture pres- at WDFW. Researchers are banding and Reproductive success (fledglings per ervation groups have delayed several fitting VHF transmitters on 20 Black egg laid) for murres in 2009 was rela- projects planned for North Puget Sound Oystercatchers (Haematopus bachmani) tively high (77%), similar to 2008, and by WDFW and Snohomish County. to determine wintering flock locations far greater than 2007 (54%). The most

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 61 REGIONAL REPORTS • Washington-Oregon striking difference in prey among the affecting colony attendance were weather and waters up to 0.5 mile offshore. The past three years was the occurrence of (particularly high winds), time of night, aircraft used was a fixed-wing Cessna sand lance; this prey was not observed and seasonal period. Night-vision scans 182; survey altitude ranged from 200 in 2007, became the dominant prey in confirmed the identification of radar to 800 feet. A total of 17,926 individual 2008, and was intermediate in 2009. Bald targets as storm-petrels during nocturnal birds were counted in 2009, in com- eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) are hours, and also confirmed the presence of parison to 18,769 in 2007 and 12,425 in known to cause significant disturbance to mammalian predators, both raccoon and 2008. The largest congregation of birds murre colonies in Oregon and were the river otter, at the Saddle Rock colony in (4,140 individuals) was located on East dominant disturbance source at Yaquina 2008 and 2009. Sand Island, Columbia River. Head during the past three years. Luckily, Shawn Stephensen, Amanda Glad- Also see “Other Work and News,” this colony appears to be large enough to ics, Amy Kocourek, Jason Ziegler, and below, for the OCNWR. withstand the effects of repeated preda- Jessica Gelnett of the OCNWR con- tion. In fact, the majority of disturbance ducted a census of Leach’s Storm-Petrel Bycatch events have been concentrated on a on nine islands within the Oregon Islands Shannon Fitzgerald reported on relatively small area, leaving most of the National Wildlife Refuge. A precise seabird/fishery interaction studies at the colony undisturbed during incubation population estimate was obtained by Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC), and chick rearing. Asynchrony in egg determining burrow density, burrow NOAA-Fisheries. In June there was a hatching dates among islets, however, occupancy, and nesting area, calculated workshop to improve annual estimates of may be caused by the greater predation with the aid of Light Detecting and Rang- seabird bycatch in Alaskan commercial pressure in some areas, preventing birds ing (LIDAR) images. Transects with groundfish fisheries. Shannon and Kim from settling on colony and initiating egg multiple 1×1-m quadrats were delineated Dietrich completed an analysis exam- laying during early season. on each island in order to replicate tran- ining vessel-specific seabird bycatch Peter Sanzenbacher and Brian sects over years. The largest Leach’s features in the demersal longline fleet, Cooper of ABR, Inc. in cooperation Storm-Petrel colony was at Goat Island and the Freezer Longliner Coalition with Shawn Stephensen, Roy Lowe, with an estimated breeding population collaborated on the results. In August and Dave Ledig (USFWS Oregon Coast of 267,201 individuals. In addition, a the North Pacific Fisheries Foundation National Wildlife Refuge Complex [OC- reconnaissance botanical survey was and NOAA-Fisheries conducted a pilot NWR]) developed radar sampling meth- conducted on the islands by Dave and program on seabird interactions with ods to monitor populations of nocturnally Diane Bilderback (USFWS volunteers). paravane (net-monitoring) gear on a active seabird colonies. ABR personnel Plant species were collected, dried, and trawl vessel. Jeff Pesta was deployed conducted nocturnal radar and night pressed and a comprehensive plant list for one trip and recorded interaction rates vision surveys at Leach’s Storm-Petrel for each island was obtained. Several rare with the gear and worked with vessel per- (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) colonies on plants were found and some introduced sonnel to develop mitigation measures. the southern coast of Oregon during the invasive species were documented. Ed Melvin, Washington Sea Grant, and 2008 and 2009 breeding periods. The Stephensen and Dave Ledig of the Kim Dietrich provided support in the goal of these studies is to determine if OCNWR conducted an aerial seabird development of field protocols. Ground- radar is a viable and effective tool for colony survey on June 8–9, 2009 along fish observers continue to retain seabird monitoring nocturnally active species the entire Oregon coast. The aircraft used carcasses during fishing operations for an at near-shore colonies. All work was was a Bell Jet Ranger III helicopter and ongoing seabird necropsy program with conducted as part of a Challenge Cost total flight time was approximately 10 Michelle Hester and Hanna Nevins of Share Agreement between USFWS and hours. All cliff-nesting seabird colonies Oikonos. Fitzgerald was also the local ABR. From 29 June to July 8, 2008 a were photographed using digital cameras coordinator for the NOAA-Fisheries total of 12 radar surveys were done at and birds were counted on the digital National Seabird Program Strategic Plan- seven storm-petrel colonies in a week images utilizing GIS computer software. ning Workshop, held at AFSC in Seattle during new moon, from 29 June to July 8. Thousands of digital images were orga- in September 2009. The workshop was These efforts were spread evenly among nized and archived for future reference. led by Kim Rivera, NOAA’s National seven different storm-petrel colonies. Shawn and USFWS pilot Ray Bentley Seabird Program Coordinator. Concurrent with radar sampling, USFWS conducted a coastal aerial survey of Tom Good is continuing collab- personnel conducted burrow surveys at a California Brown Pelicans on September orative work with the Northwest Straits number of colonies to compare methods. 14–15, 2009. The survey extended from Commission and Natural Resource Con- During the 2009 season we conducted Smith River, Del Norte County, northern sultants, Inc. on assessing the impacts of 20 radar survey nights, five nights per CA to Willoughby Rock, Grays Harbor derelict fishing gear on marine birds and month, from May to August. We saw a County, southern WA. Total survey other species in Puget Sound. Economic wide range of activity levels both within flight time was 9.9 hours. We included stimulus funding through a grant from and among colonies. Among factors all rocks, reefs, islands, coastal beaches, NOAA will provide resources over the

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 62 REGIONAL REPORTS • Washington-Oregon next 18 months to find and remove ap- countries to learn the latest techniques in Refuge [NWR] Complex) and a host of proximately 3000 high-priority derelict studying bird migration, organized by interns and volunteers continued long- nets that remain in Puget Sound. Analy- MIGRATE (Migration Interest Group: term seabird work at Southeast Farallon ses of nets removed thus far were re- Research Applied Toward Education; Island NWR (SEFI). The seabird research cently published in Marine Ornithology http://www.migrate.ou.edu/). conducted annually at SEFI includes diet, as part of the symposium on the Salish Bill loads of prey held by terns and reproductive success, prey availability Sea ecosystem that was held at PSG’s alcids provide valuable data relevant and distribution, foraging strategy, and 2008 Annual Meeting in Blaine, WA. to behavior, ecology, and management oceanographic parameters affecting the Ed Melvin and Troy Guy of Wash- of predators and prey. David P. Craig 13 species of marine birds that nest there. ington Sea Grant and Rob Suryan are (Willamette University) is collecting There was another year of mixed continuing to work with NOAA-Fisher- protocols and reference materials to train signals on the Farallones in 2009. Strong ies to assess interactions of albatrosses field observers in identifying prey, and in upwelling in the early spring likely and other seabirds with the hook-and-line estimating prey size with reference to the influenced abundant krill, which were and trawl fishing fleets of WA, OR, and bill. His goal is to complete a compre- present for most of the season. At-sea CA. To accomplish this they will use hensive manual that will cover all birds surveys conducted by the Gulf of the at-sea observational and telemetry data of the Pacific Coast that carry bill-loads Farallones National Marine Sanctuary from a wide range of seabird studies and of fish, including species accounts and (GFNMS), Cordell Bank National Ma- PSG collaborators to overlay seabird images of prey species, for the World rine Sanctuary (Lisa Etherington and distributions with fishing effort. They Seabird Conference. Contributions Kaitlin Graiff) and PRBO Conserva- plan to recommend seabird-avoidance and questions are encouraged via his tion Science (Jaime Jahncke) indicated measures (in consultation with the fishing blog site (http://pacificseabirdbillloads. high levels of primary and secondary industry) and conduct seabird avoidance blogspot.com/). A more general set of productivity. Krill, krill-eating seabirds workshops at ports on the west coast. reference photos related to waterbird (Cassin’s Auklets [Ptychoramphus They also are working with NOAA- diet research is at http://www.flickr. aleuticus], storm-petrels (Oceanodroma Fisheries and USFWS to make streamer com/groups/565552@N22/. spp.), shearwaters (Puffinus spp.), blue lines available free of charge to the west Shawn Stephensen (USFWS, OC- whales (Balaenoptera musculus), and coast fleet. NWR) successfully defended his Masters humpback whales (Megaptera novaean- thesis at University of Alaska Anchorage gliae) were common to abundant in the ther work and news (see Alaska report for details). O Gulf through the fall (October). Rob Suryan (OSU) worked with With great sadness, the OCNWR With good prey available, Cassin’s Morten Frederiksen (National Envi- reports the loss of David Pitkin and Auklets on SEFI had high reproductive ronmental Research Institute, Denmark), Ray Bentley in a plane crash during success and even a few successful double Vince Saba (Virginia Institute of Marine aerial waterfowl survey work on the broods, in sharp contrast to recent years Science), Bryan Wallace (Conservation Oregon coast in January 2010. Dave was of failure. In contrast, a virtual absence International), Sarah Wanless (Centre a remarkably dedicated and inspiring for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh), biologist during his tenure at OCNWR of northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) and Scott Hatch (USGS, Anchorage, from 1992 to 2007, and afterwards con- in the diet of piscivorous birds resulted Alaska) to synthesize life history pa- tinued the work he loved on a variety of in very poor breeding success of Com- rameters for species at multiple trophic waterbird and archaeological projects in mon Murres (Uria aalge), Western Gulls levels and different ocean basins, with the northwest. Dave’s legacy of research, (Larus occidentalis), and Brandt’s Cor- the goal of showing parallel responses superb photography, and warm spirit morants (Phalacrocorax penicillatus). in life history strategies to environmental carries on for those fortunate enough to Murres had their worst breeding year forcing—climate and both top-down and have known him. since the 1992 El Nino; Brandt’s Cormo- bottom-up drivers. These results have rants had zero reproductive success, and broad applications for understanding and Western Gulls had their worst breeding predicting marine community response year in the Farallon time series. Pelagic to climate change. NORTHERN CALIFORNIA Cormorants (Phalacrocorax pelagicus) Suryan reports that in the field of ed- Compiled by Craig Strong and Pigeon Guillemots (Cepphus co- ucation, the Seabird Oceanography Lab lumba) had moderate breeding success, of OSU’s Hatfield Marine Science Center Gulf of the Farallones perhaps linked to juvenile rockfish (Se- in Newport, OR offered its first short PRBO Conservation Science biolo- bastes spp.) stocks close to the island. course in marine bird ecology for un- gists Russ Bradley and Pete Warzybok, California Gulls (Larus californicus) at- dergraduates in 2008-2009. The lab also in conjunction with Gerry McChesney tempted to breed on SEFI for the second contributed to a weeklong workshop at (U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service [USFWS], straight year, again failing to fledge any HMSC for graduate students from many San Francisco Bay National Wildlife young. Notable events from 2009 also

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 63 REGIONAL REPORTS • Northern California included the first successful Peregrine The Sea Ranch Task Force, headed Delta) held approximately 82% of the Falcon (Falco peregrinus) nesting on by Rich Kuehn and Diane Hichwa population. The diet of Brooks Island SEFI in over 60 years and a pair of and sponsored in part by the Madrone terns was dominated by surfperch (Em- resident ravens (Corvus corax) regularly Audubon Society and the Bureau of Land biotocidae), silversides (Atherinidae), excavating Cassin’s Auklet burrows. Management, finished their third year of and anchovies (Engraulis mordax), with The Beach Watch program of intensive monitoring of a Brandt’s Cor- juvenile salmonids making up about 9% GFNMS, led by Jan Roletto, Shannon morant colony at Gualala Point Island, of the diet, similar to 2008. Telemetry Lyday, ru Devlin, and Jamie Hall de- Sonoma county. Work included regular data on 50 adult Caspian Terns radio tected an unusually large number of dead aerial photos of the island and of the tagged at Brooks Island showed that Brandt’s Cormorants along the outer nearby colony at Fish Rocks in southern most commonly used foraging areas coast beaches in mid-March. The mortal- Mendocino County. Nesting success is were outside of San Francisco Bay in ity event, from Bodega Head in Sonoma still being analyzed, but all colonies, the nearshore area, and in the north bay County south to Año Nuevo Island in including those monitored by LeValley from the east side of San Pablo Bay up San Mateo County, continued throughout in Mendocino, had their best reproduc- to the mouth of Carquinez Strait. Other the spring. Lesser mortality occurred tion in years. Most nests fledged multiple colonies were located at Eden Landing, in Western Grebes (Aechmophorus oc- chicks and, in two instances, Pelagic Stevens Creek, Agua Vista Park, Raven- cidentalis), Double-crested Cormorants Cormorants laid a second clutch after swood Park, and Redwood Shores. Prey (Phalacrocorax auritus), Common fledging young (neither second clutch composition at Eden Landing differed Murres, and loons (Gavia sp.). Mortality was successful). from Brooks Island, with silversides and of seabirds subsided during the summer, Susan Euing (USFWS) and Mer- flatfish (Pleuronectidae and Bothidae) while numbers of dead California Sea edith Elliott (PRBO Conservation Sci- dominating; juvenile salmonids made up Lions (Zalophus californianus) increased ence) monitored the Least Tern (Sternula less than 1% of the diet. greatly and peaked in August. The num- antillarum browni) colony at Alameda This study was funded by the U.S. bers of dead cormorants and sea lions Point (the former Naval Air Station, Army Corps of Engineers, with logistic were 6 to 8 times higher than average for Alameda). The colony had another suc- support and technical assistance from the the spring and summer months, in com- cessful reproductive year during 2009. East Bay Regional Parks, USFWS/Don parison to data for the previous 16 years. There were an estimated 318 breeding Edwards NWR, California Department Cause of death in most animals was due pairs and a total of 346 nests. Of the 669 of Fish and Game (CDFG), and San to starvation (emaciation). It is suggested eggs laid, 538 of them hatched, giving Francisco Bay Bird Observatory. that the main cause of mortality was an 80% hatching success rate. An esti- Mark Rauzon (Marine Endevours; upwelling anomalies and a mismatch mated 356 fledglings were produced, and now at Laney College, Geography De- with the timing of anchovy production breeding success was 1.2 fledglings per partment) surveyed the Double-crested in the Gulf of the Farallones. There may breeding pair. Few eggs were abandoned Cormorants on San Francisco Bay have been larger-scale processes over the or failed to hatch, but predation on adults bridges in May, along with Meredith winter of 2008–2009 to cause anchovies and fledglings was high, and crows were Elliott (PRBO Conservation Science). to move farther north. By most accounts, responsible for taking abandoned and Numbers of breeding cormorants were seabird and pinniped mortality was less failed-to-hatch eggs at the end of the the lowest since record keeping began both north and south of the region. season. in 1999, which appears attributable in A project on colony status and diet part to a food shortage experienced by all of Caspian Terns in San Francisco Bay central California cormorants in 2009. In Other colonies was in its second year in 2009. The team addition, a new colony of Caspian terns Ron LeValley (Mad River Biolo- included Dan Roby (U.S. Geologic Sur- (Hydroprogne caspia) was located in gists) led a group of about ten volun- vey [USGS]/Oregon State University Marin County. teers, sponsored by the Mendocino [OSU]), Lindsay Adrean, Dan Batta- Kris Robison of the University Audubon Society and the Bureau of glia, Don Lyons, Allison Patterson and of California, Davis (UCD) reports on Land Management, to monitor three Yasuko Suzuki (OSU), Ken Collis and continued monitoring of Western and cormorant colonies in central Mendocino Allen Evans (Real Time Research) and Clark’s grebes (Aechmophorus oc- County. They visited the colonies 3-5 a number of seasonal technicians and cidentalis and A. clarkii, respectively) times a week and photographed the volunteers. They found Caspian Terns in northern California. The project is a colonies once a week. They monitored at 6 colonies in 2009, with a total of joint effort between California’s Office 60 nests out of about 400 in one Brandt’s approximately 830 breeding pairs, com- of Oil Spill Prevention and Response Cormorant colony on the Mendocino pared to approximately 1025 breeding (OSPR), the Kure-Stuyvesant Trustee Headlands, and 18-20 nests in each of pairs at 4 sites in 2008. Brooks Island in Council, and the California Institute two Pelagic Cormorant colonies. the north bay (nearest the Sacramento of Environmental Studies. Field work

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 64 REGIONAL REPORTS • Northern California was accomplished by Robison, Dan Santa Cruz Mountains, central Califor- monitoring by the Seabird Protection Anderson, and Renée Weems (UCD), nia. Steve and Tom Hamer (Hamer Network (GFNMS), (2) enhancement of and Frank Gress (California Institute of Environmental) used radar surveys at nesting habitat for Common Murres on Environmental Studies). Aerial surveys, several sites surveyed by radar 8–10 SEFI (USFWS and PRBO Conservation population and productivity transects, years ago (results are pending). Steve Science), (3) enhancement and protec- disturbance monitoring, and outreach also remains active in evaluation of tion of nesting habitat for Rhinoceros activities were the main objectives at forest nesting habitat and acquisition Auklets (Cerorhinca monocerata) at Año several important breeding sites: Clear of property for NGOs in the Santa Cruz Nuevo Island (Oikonos, California State Lake (Lake County), Eagle Lake (Las- Mountains. Parks), (4) removal of non-native rats sen County), Lake Almanor (Plumas The Marbled Murrelet Effectiveness from nesting colonies of Sooty Shear- County), and Tule Lake NWR (Siskiyou Monitoring Program, coordinated by waters (Puffinus griseus) in New Zealand County). Compared to the last two years, Gary Falxa (USFWS, Arcata, Califor- (Oikonos), (5) acquisition of habitat for 2009 showed an increase in number of nia) continues to monitor the status and Marbled Murrelets (Save the Redwoods nests and number of young produced trends of Marbled Murrelet populations League), and (6) corvid management in at all sites, however, nest numbers and and nesting habitat from northern Cali- the Santa Cruz Mountains (California productivity at Clear Lake and Eagle fornia to the Canadian border. Further State Parks). All projects include moni- Lake are still well below historical lev- details are in the Washington-Oregon toring of success. els. Two likely reasons for recent low Regional Report (above). The Luckenbach Trustee Council nesting efforts are prolonged drought, (for spills from a historic sunken wreck which has limited the available nesting Oil spill restoration projects in the Gulf of the Farallones) will imple- substrate, and chronic human disturbance Laird Henkel (OSPR) reports on ment several seabird restoration projects (especially at Clear Lake). restoration projects for seabirds in north- as funds are made available from the Na- ern California that have been funded tional Pollution Funds Center. Planning Marbled Murrelets by oil spill settlements in recent years. is underway for restoration projects to Sal Cinnichi reports that the Hum- Multi-agency trustee councils select compensate for seabird losses during the boldt Redwood Company, LLC (HRC) and oversee all restoration projects. Two Cosco Busan oil spill in San Francisco is a new company formed last year as a trustee councils are currently funding Bay in November 2007. The Apex Hous- result of the Pacific Lumber Company’s seabird-related projects in northern Cali- ton and Cape Mohican Trustee Councils bankruptcy. HRC is continuing con- fornia, with others in planning stages or (both for spills in the San Francisco Bay servation activities for the Marbled nearing conclusion. Projects are summa- area) have mostly completed their resto- Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) rized here; details for some are elsewhere ration projects. To view restoration plans under its company Habitat Conservation in this regional report. and for other information, see www.dfg. Plan (HCP). Murrelet occupancy and The Kure/Stuyvesant Trustee Coun- ca.gov/ospr/spill/nrda/nrda.html numbers are tracked over years using cil (for two spills in Humboldt Bay) both radar and audio-visual survey tech- began implementation in 2008. Projects Colony restoration niques at the Headwaters Forest Reserve include (1) reduction of disturbance to The Common Murre Restoration (HFR), the Humboldt Redwoods State nesting Common Murres at Redding Project completed its 14th year of Park (HRSP), and Marbled Murrelet Rock (Bureau of Land Management and seabird restoration and monitoring in Conservation Areas (MMCAs) on HRC USFWS), (2) a study to determine ap- central California, with funds from the forest lands. Collaborators are Mad propriate methods to reduce disturbance Command and Apex Houston Trustee River Biologists and O’Brien Biologi- to roosting pelicans and cormorants Councils. Gerry McChesney (USFWS), cal Consulting. Audio-visual surveys (Humboldt State University), (3) reduc- Rick Golightly (Humboldt State Uni- resulted in detections of occupancy by tion of disturbance at Western/Clark’s versity [HSU]), Harry Carter (Carter murrelets at HFR, HRSP, and the ma- Grebes nesting colonies (UCD), (4) Biological Consulting [CBC]), Steve jority of the MMCAs. In addition, the corvid management to enhance nesting Kress (National Audubon Society), and HCP’s marbled murrelet research fund success of Marbled Murrelets (Redwood Karen Reyna (GFNMS) were contribut- continued to support the research of National Park), and (5) habitat acquisi- Zach Peery (University of California, tion for Marbled Murrelets (Save the ing leads. Field personnel included Lisa Berkeley) and collaborators on murrelet Redwoods League). Eigner, Sandy Rhoades, Peter Kappes, ecology and genetics. The Command Trustee Council Mary Davis, Jonathan Shore, Crystal Steve Singer continues his long- (for a spill in the San Francisco Bay Bechaver, and Phil Capitolo. They term audio-visual monitoring of Marbled area) began implementation in 2004. tracked disturbance, attendance patterns, Murrelets with the assistance of Portia Current projects include (1) reduction and breeding performance at several Halbert at Gazos Creek Canyon in the of disturbance through outreach and murre colonies between Point Reyes and

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 65 REGIONAL REPORTS • Northern California

Point Sur in 2009. Murres had extremely rehabilitation facilities during die-off or Least Terns initiated 435 nests low productivity at all monitored colo- oiling events. This project is a follow-up in 2009, an 18% decrease from 2008 nies. For the first year since restoration study to the 2007 Santa Cruz Mystery numbers. The reduction may be due efforts began in 1996, no murre chicks Spill event, and is funded by the Oiled to reduced prey availability, frequent survived to departure at Devil’s Slide Wildlife Care Network. Their goal is to visits by a Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus Rock. Brandt’s Cormorants bred in very obtain baseline information on blood ), and unsuccessful veg- reference ranges and body condition etation management. As well as Least low numbers and also suffered very low indices for this abundant Procellariid, Terns, about 4500 Elegant Terns (Sterna productivity, concomitant with a large which will help improve rehabilitation elegans) and 250 Caspian Terns (Hy- starvation event in spring. Disturbance protocols. droprogne caspia) nested successfully from aircraft and boats continues to A cooperative study is examining within the harbor in 2009. KBC also be high at Devil’s Slide Rock. Special how climate change affects the timing monitored a restoration project in Upper Closure zones were recently declared of seasonal production cycles and food- Newport Bay, Orange County, to ensure there and at five other central California web dynamics. The group includes the that dredging and other activities avoid colonies under California’s Marine Life Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosys- nesting Least Terns and other endangered Protection Act, which should help reduce tem Research (Bill Sydeman, Jarrod birds. KBC also completed a white pa- boat disturbance in the future. Santora), Rob Suryan of the Seabird per summarizing 20 bird surveys over In conjunction with the restoration Oceanography Lab at Oregon State Uni- a one-year period in the Los Angeles and Long Beach harbors; Western Gull project, annual aerial photographic sur- versity’s Hatfield Marine Science Center, (Larus occidentalis), Brandt’s Cormorant veys of northern and central California NOAA-Fisheries Pacific Fisheries Envi- ronmental Lab, the Bodega Marine Lab (Phalacrocorax penicillatus) and Surf colonies of murres, Brandt’s and Double- of the University of California, Davis, Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata) were crested Cormorants were conducted in and the Ocean Modeling Group at the the most numerous species. Finally, 2009 by Phil Capitolo (University of University of California, Berkeley. KBC compiled a database for the U.S. California, Santa Cruz) and Laird Hen- Sarah Allen (Point Reyes National Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) kel (OSPR). Seashore [PRNS]) reports that the Cali- Portland office of all nesting tern spe- In 2009, Gerry McChesney, Rick fornia Fish and Game Commission, with cies and the Black Skimmer (Rhynchops Golightly and Dawn Goley (HSU) ini- authority from the Marine Life Protection niger) in California. tiated a feasibility study for Common Act, established several marine reserves Dan Robinette and Julie Howar Murre restoration at Redding Rock off in the north central California region. (PRBO Conservation Science) have the northern California coast, with assis- These included a few special closure ar- completed their 11th year collecting seabird data at Vandenberg Air Force tance from Harry Carter (CBC). Support eas for seabirds in Point Reyes National Base. Breeding success in 2009 was was from the Kure-Stuyvesant Trustee Seashore. The primary seabird exclusion similar to 2008, with pelagic feeding Council. Field personnel included Janet areas include a 1000-ft boat exclusion zone around most of Point Reyes Head- seabirds having the highest success, fol- Thibault, Allison Fuller, and Mallory lowed by demersal feeders then rocky Mlynarek. This study is examining the land and a 300-ft zone around Miller Rocks and Stormy Stack in Drakes Bay. intertidal feeders. The California Least causes of murre decline on the rock, Tern population doubled in 2009 but Whether these buffer zones are effective including disturbance from humans continues to be undersized compared to in reducing disturbance from boats will and sea lions, and potential options for pre-2004 numbers. Least Tern fledging be monitored in coming years by the success was the 2nd highest on record, restoration. USFWS and PRNS. with 1.23 fledglings per pair. Brandt’s Other work and Pelagic (Phalacrocorax pelagicus) Elizabeth Phillips (OSU, Coopera- cormorant productivity was above aver- tive Institute for Marine Resource Stud- age, while that for Black Oystercatchers ies), Jim Harvey and Hannah Nevins SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA (Haematopus bachmani) was below av- (Moss Landing Marine Laboratories), Compiled by Dan Robinette erage. The Western Gull colony at North together with Josh Adams (USGS) and Rocky Point suffered major disturbance Dave Jessup (CDFG). Marine Wildlife Colonies and nest losses due an influx of Califor- Veterinary Care and Research Center) Kathy Keane (Keane Biological nia sea lions (Zalophus californianus), began a project to compare hematologi- Consulting [KBC]) and assistants moni- which remained at the point all season cal values and other health parameters of tored the nesting population of the Cali- and reached record numbers. We also Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) fornia Least Tern (Sternula antillarum documented sea lions pupping on North in Monterey Bay with birds admitted to browni) in Los Angeles Harbor. Rocky Point, which is not common.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 66 REGIONAL REPORTS • Southern California

In the Channel Islands National Weapons Station and also “harvesting” NON-PACIFIC U.S. Park, the Montrose Settlements Resto- survival data (i.e. reading bands) for Compiled by Melanie Steinkamp ration Program (MSRP) implemented Black Skimmers and Caspian Terns in several seabird restoration projects and Southern California. He is also working Lisa Ferguson Eggert (Clemson continued four seabird habitat restoration up a variety of accumulated data (not all University [CU]) continued her PhD projects. Participants included Harry on seabirds) for publication. research focusing on reproductive and Carter (Carter Biological Consulting, physiological ecology of seabirds at pro- Victoria, British Columbia), Bill McIver At sea tected colonies in South Carolina, under (USFWS, Arcata), Gerry McChesney Patricia Baird (Simon Fraser guidance of Patrick Jodice (CU, and Laurie Harvey (USFWS, Newark), University [SFU], British Columbia), U.S. Geologic Survey [USGS], South (National Park Service), and Darrell conducted a foraging study on Califor- Carolina Cooperative Research Unit). Whitworth and Frank Gress (Califor- nia Least Terns within San Diego Bay, Gillian Brooks (CU) initiated her MS nia Institute of Environmental Studies and from the nearshore area to 30 km degree examining nesting success of [CIES]). Reproductive effort, success, offshore from the bay. Baird’s grad stu- Black Skimmers (Rhynchops niger) and and phenology of Cassin’s Auklets (Pty- dent, Tyler Willsey (SFU), an assistant Least Terns (Sterna antillarium) in the choramphus aleuticus) were monitored from the University of British Columbia Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge. on Scorpion Rock (Santa Cruz Island), as (Melody Kirkby), and one from Cali- Work on movement patterns of Audu- well as at a reference site at Prince Island fornia State University Fullerton (Greg bon’s Shearwaters (Puffinus lherminieri) (San Miguel Island). Extensive revegeta- McMichael) rounded out the research and White-tailed Tropicbirds (Phaethon tion and soil stabilization were completed crew. They determined where the birds lepturus) nesting in the Bahamas contin- on Scorpion Rock in fall 2009; plant foraged throughout the breeding season, ues under Co-principal investigators Will work was carried out in cooperation with adult and chick diet, and age class of the Mackin Jennifer Arnold Growing Solutions. Reproductive effort, fish species taken. and (CU). Two success, and phenology of Ashy Storm- Lisa T. Ballance and Robert L. Pit- devices were retrieved from shearwaters Petrels (Oceanodroma homochroa) were man continue to conduct seabird surveys after 5 weeks in 2008, 4 were retrieved monitored on Orizaba Rock and in 4 sea for the National Marine Fisheries Service from shearwaters after 1 year, and 3 caves at Santa Cruz Island. The team also (NOAA)-Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries from tropicbirds after 1 year. Plans are carried out social attraction and artificial Science Center [SWFSC]). Their work to continue deploying and attempting to nest site projects for colony restoration, is part of the SWFSC’s marine mam- retrieve geolocators in 2010. and tracked reproductive effort, suc- mal and ecosystem assessment cruises. In 2009, Sara Williams and staff of cess, and phenology of Xantus’s Mur- Two areas are monitored regularly: (1) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) relets (Synthliboramphus hypoleucus) The California Current (the US Pacific Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife and Cassin’s Auklets at Santa Barbara coast between borders with Mexico and Refuge (MCINWR) completed the sec- Island (SBI). Plant habitat restoration Canada, and seaward 300 nautical miles) ond of a 3-year Adaptive Management is surveyed every three years during was expanded to four sites on SBI, and Study on tern habitat for 3 islands in the June–November for 120 sea days aboard social attraction for Cassin’s Auklets Gulf of Maine. The study was designed one NOAA research vessel. The most re- was initiated there. Harry, Laurie, Frank to enhance Arctic and Common Tern cent survey was completed in December and Darrell also studied Xantus’s and (Sterna paradisaea and S. hirundo) nest- 2008. This project includes collaboration Craveri’s (S. craveri) Murrelets on is- ing habitat. They considered options such with national marine sanctuaries along lands of at western Baja California with as active predator control and annual the west coast. with fine-scale assess- Eduardo Palacios management such as mowing, prescribed colleagues (CIES), ment conducted in sanctuary waters fire, or sheep grazing to cost-effectively Tim Birt, and Vicki Friesen (Queen’s during some surveys. More details are at create vegetation communities that will University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada), http://swfsc.noaa.gov/prd-orcawale.aspx among others. (2) The Eastern Tropical Pacific (waters stay low during the tern breeding season. Pat Mock (URS Corporation) is as- between the US-Mexico border, Hawaii, This study will aid in selecting appropri- sisting the San Diego Regional Airport and Peru) is surveyed approximately ate islands for future seabird restoration, Authority in their long-range planning every three years during August–No- and in management of multiple islands. for the management of the California vember, using 240 sea days aboard two Sarah Spencer, in cooperation with Least Tern colony present on airport NOAA research vessels. The most recent Linda Welch of MCINWR and Paul property. survey was conducted in 2006; the next Sievert of the USGS Massachusetts In retirement, Charlie Collins survey is planned for 2010. Details can Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research continues his field studies of California be found at http://swfsc.noaa.gov/prd- Unit, continues her thesis work on Least Terns breeding at Seal Beach Naval star.aspx foraging ecology of Atlantic Puffins

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 67 REGIONAL REPORTS • Non-Pacific U.S.

(Fratercula arctica) on Petit Manan since 2001). In contrast, Atlantic Puffin hawai‘i and Island in the Gulf of Maine. Sarah is and Razorbill burrow numbers were PACIFIC also developing a predictive model for at a record high, beating the 2008 fig- Compiled by Linda Elliot identifying sex of breeding puffins in ures. With funding assistance from the the Gulf of Maine using morphomet- Maine Sea Grant program, SRP fitted Hawai‘i rics, investigating burrow character- band-mounted LOTEK LAT2500 geo- The Tagging Of Pacific Pelagics istics of alcids nesting on Petit Manan locators on eight Atlantic Puffins from program (TOPP) continues to study Island, and modeling foraging habitat Seal Island to learn about winter distri- albatrosses at Tern Island, French Frig- using temperature-depth recorders and bution. ate Shoals, and the Northwest Hawaiian oceanographic conditions. Jeff Spendelow (USGS-Patuxent Islands. Researchers on the program Katie Kauffman (Organismic and Wildlife Research Center [PWRC]) include Bill Henry, Melinda Conners, Evolutionary Biology, University of continues to oversee a long-term co- Dan Costa (University of California, Massachusetts, Amherst) continued her operative research project on the Santa Cruz [UCSC]), Maura Naugh- thesis research on foraging and diving metapopulation dynamics and ecol- ton and John Klavitter (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]), Marc behavior, chick diet, and reproductive ogy of endangered Roseate Terns in the Romano (National Oceanographic and success of Razorbills (Alca torda) on Massachusetts-Connecticut-New York region. Spendelow, Carolyn Mostello Atmospheric Administration [NOAA]- Matinicus Rock, Knox County, Maine, , Rob Suryan, (Massachusetts Division of Fisheries Fisheries) (Oregon State part of the MCINWR. Her collabora- University [OSU], Seabird Oceanogra- and Wildlife) and her staff trapped tors were Paul Sievert, Linda Welch, phy Lab), Lindsay Young (Pacific Rim 724 terns at Buzzards Bay Islands and Scott Hall of the Audubon Seabird Conservation), and Scott Shaffer (San (BBMA). Old band combinations were Restoration Program (SRP). In 2009, Jose State University). Work includes Kauffman collected diving data from recorded and fixed as needed, and 411 tracking birds with satellite transmitters breeding adults using time-depth re- new color band combinations were and GPS archival data loggers during the corders, and she estimated chick growth placed. By the end of 2009, over half incubation and chick-brooding periods, of the breeding adults in BBMA were rate at the colony. with the focus on interannual variability color-banded. During postbreeding dis- A highlight of the 2009 season for in foraging behavior (Kappes et al, in persal of the terns, Spendelow worked the SRP included the first Common press,) and eventually on longer-term with staff of Massachusett Audubon’s changes. The data series now runs since Murre (Uria aalge) egg on Matinicus Coastal Waterbird Program, including 2002. Rock, Knox County, Maine in more Becky Harris (Director), Ellen Jedrey The data-logger studies have ex- than 100 years. The egg was found by (Assistant Director), and others, and panded in scope and collaboration. In SRP staff in late June next to 150 murre with Edie Ray (Nantucket Conservation addition to tracking birds at Tern Island, decoys; unfortunately it failed and was Foundation) and others to resight and we have deployed archival tags on likely predated by gulls. Another high- identify banded Roseate Terns all Laysan and Black-footed Albatrosses light was the discovery of a near-fledg- around the greater Cape Cod–Islands (Phoebastria immutabilis and P. nigripes ing Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus) area. From 20 Jul to 20 Sep, Spendelow ) at Midway, O‘ahu (Kaena Point), and on Matinicus Rock in one of 6 burrows identified 1165 color-banded individu- Guadalupe Islands; Laysan Island will checked by Hall and USFWS refuge als. These represented over half the be added in 2010. These long-term data sets will allow us to map the albatrosses’ staff on 8 Sep. This is the first con- 2100 color-banded Roseate Terns that population-level usage of the North firmed fledging of a Manx Shearwater were estimated to be alive since the Pacific with greater resolution. We have chick in the United States, and only the resumption of colorbanding in 2004. collected one season’s worth of data so third North American nesting record. Of particular interest, nearly all fledg- far, and the tags are back out again. Rob Though 2009 was unusually wet and ling Roseates that were color-banded at Suryan and the team used these data cold at MCINWR, there appeared to be Country Island, Nova Scotia, Canada to note that many tagged birds were ample Atlantic Herring (Clupea haren- were resighted in Massachusetts. This visiting areas in the Gulf of Alaska, and gus) prey for seabirds. Nesting of terns suggests that the entire northwest spent surprisingly long periods of time (4 species) was normal to slightly below Atlantic breeding population stages in there. We also collected data on albatross recent average numbers on the seven is- Massachusetts prior to fall migration to feather molt during at-sea captures in lands managed by SRP, except that the South America. When the 2009 resight- these regions. Using these two data sets, Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii), which ing work is complete, it should result in we began to investigate the hypothesis is listed under the federal Endangered nearly 12,000 identifiable “bird-day” that albatrosses may go to specific areas Species Act, continued to decline (34% sightings from at least 10 locations. to molt during the non-breeding season.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 68 REGIONAL REPORTS • Hawai‘i and Pacific

If this is true, it would have implications monitored twice monthly and replen- Because human access to nesting habitat for at-sea conservation of albatrosses, ished as needed. While the birds were at can damage the uhule and burrows, we and would provide critical information sea (December through March), Hawaii will use aerial vegetation mapping to for establishing marine important bird Audubon Society volunteers met at FSP map remaining habitat and invasive spe- areas and marine protected areas. on a regular basis to remove trash and cies. Only four chicks fledged out of 11 In addition to Tern Island alba- invasive vegetation. Long-term goals for active burrows among 15 burrow sites trosses, the TOPP team has also started habitat restoration include reintroduction monitored. Barn owls, feral cats (Felis tracking Red-footed and Masked Boo- of native plants and creation of additional sylvestris), and rats (Rattus spp.) were bies (Sula sula and S. dactylatra) using burrow and nesting sites. proven predators on Hawaiian petrels. GPS data loggers. The boobies provide a Nick Holmes (Kaua‘i Endangered We made over 21,000 trap sets with 68 marked contrast with albatross foraging Seabird Recovery Project) and David box traps through the season using vari- behavior, because they stay relatively Leonard (Hawaii Division of Forestry ous baits, and captured 9 cats. Rat trap- close to the atoll. and Wildlife (HDFW) reported on their ping prior to use of diphacinone revealed There have been a few personnel research on Newell’s Shearwater (Puffi- Black or roof rats (R. rattus) to be com- changes in TOPP. Doctoral student nus auricularis newelli) and Hawaiian mon, with Polynesian (R. exulans) and Melinda Conners (co-advised by Scott Petrel (Pterodroma sandwichensis) on Norway (R. norvegicus) rats also pres- Shaffer and Dan Costa) is now leading Kauai. Radar surveys replicating earlier ent. The USFWS is fencing 4,000 acres Tern Island work, since we happily report surveys by Robert Day of ABR, Inc. in- of Lanaihale, and additional predator that Michelle Kappes completed her dicated a continuing decline of Newell’s control and ungulate removal will take doctoral thesis in June 2009. Michelle is Shearwater, which is corroborated by the place once the fence is finished. enjoying the warm weather of Reunion recovery rates of grounded fledglings Island (In the Indian Ocean near the Sey- over 20 years. Additional radar surveys Pacific chelles) as a postdoctoral scholar with were used to test the statistical power of Scott Shaffer (San Jose State Uni- Matthieu Le Corre at Université de la trend data. Along with night vision and versity) and Hillary Young (Stanford Réunion. Scott Shaffer has also relocated acoustic surveys, radar was also used University) are studying trophic interac- to a tenured faculty position at San Jose to locate and characterize all colonies tions and foraging ecology of seabirds State University (new contact scott.shaf- of the above species, as well as Band- on Palmyra Atoll, as part of Hillary’s [email protected]). He’s not far from UCSC, rumped Storm-Petrels (Oceanodroma doctoral thesis. though. Please contact Scott for further castro). Holmes and Leonard also stud- Mark Rauzon (Marine Endevours, details or questions on TOPP. ied Barn Owl (Tyto alba) distribution now at Laney College, Geography De- In addition to the TOPP work, Rob and abundance near petrel colonies. partment) surveyed birds in American Suryan, Lindsay Young, Scott Shaffer, They worked with HDFW, USFWS, Memorial National Park, Saipan (North- and David Hyrenbach (Hawaii Pacific the Nature Conservancy, and others to ern Mariana Islands), in July 2009. Mark University [HPU]) are studying breed- develop means of controlling introduced located nesting Little Terns (Sterna albi- ing biology, diet, and at-sea distribution predators, minimize impact of ungulate frons), new for the park list. Photos may of four seabird species on Lehua Island, fence construction near colonies, and be seen at www.rauzon.zenfolio.com. Hawaii. Wendy Johnson (Hawaii Wild- study flight behavior at ball fields and life Center) wrote about Freeman Seabird other areas that are lit at night. Contact Preserve (FSP), a 2.5-ha site at Black David at [email protected] for Point, O‘ahu, which supports a small complete reporting. colony of Wedge-tailed Shearwaters Jay Penniman, Fern Duvall II, Latin America (Puffinus pacificus). David Hyrenbach Wildlife Biologists, and David Leonard Compiled by Linda Elliot compiled data from the second annual (HDFW) continued studies on biology count of active nests at FSP, which was and distribution of Hawaiian Petrels The Peruvian non-governmental conducted at the beginning of Septem- and carried out initial predator control organizations APECO and ProDelphinus ber by Hawaii Audubon, USFWS, HPU measures at Lanaihale, Hawaii under are collaborating with the American Bird students, and neighbors at Black Point. Lanaihale Endangered Seabird Manage- Conservancy (ABC) on seabird bycatch Numbers were up 22% from 64 (6 Sep ment. Auditory surveys, supplemented in longline and gillnet fisheries. Pro- 2008) to 78 (89 Sep 2009). Nest moni- with night vision and thermal imaging Delphinus is also working to reduce the toring revealed 70% hatching success methods, revealed abundant petrels at all intentional capture of Waved Albatrosses with a median date of 12 Aug. Three accessible areas in approximately 14 km2 for human consumption. In addition, eggs showed evidence of rodent preda- of steep ridge habitat that is dominated ABC worked with Samuel Amoros to tion. Predator control at the site consists by native uluhe fern (Dicranopteris lin- reduce the threat that traffic poses to of six Diphacinone stations, which are earis and Diplopterigium bipinnatum). the endangered Peruvian Tern (Sterna

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 69 REGIONAL REPORTS • Hawai‘i and Pacific lorata) breeding colony in Paracas Na- In Mexico, ABC is working with South Korea. For the past few years, the tional Reserve. ABC has also supported Bill Henry (UC Santa Cruz) to assess gulls have bred in an area reclaimed for Dr. Carlos Zavalaga in Paracas in as- seabird bycatch in the artisanal fishing development of a new town. Now they sessing threats to the Peruvian Diving- fleets of northern Baja California. have to leave the reclaimed area because Petrel (Pelecanoides garnotii), including development is proceeding. Dr. Kwon satellite tracking of this species. stressed that we need to make a plan for In 2009, the American Bird Con- Saunders’ Gulls. Last August, Miran servancy (ABC) expanded its efforts to Kim (PSG member, Research Fellow reduce seabird bycatch in eastern Pacific Asia in Hanyang University) helped Mr Lee fisheries. ABC is working with the Ec- Compiled by Linda Elliot and his team to remove invasive plants in uadorian and Peruvian governments, the Chilbaldo. She is interested in conserva- Agreement on the Conservation of Alba- In South Korea, the 3rd Interna- tion and the egg color variation in gulls. trosses and Petrels (ACAP), and many tional Symposium on Migratory birds In May 2009, she took digital images of other partners to further the National was held on 25 September 2009, hosted Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris) Plans of Action for Seabird Conservation by National Park Research Institute and eggs in Hong-do, South Korea and will in Ecuador and Peru. ABC and Ecuador- Shinan Country. The topic of this sym- look at the factors affecting eggshell ian partner Equilibrio Azul began the posium was “Seabirds in Danger: Inva- color variations. largest independent observer program on sive Species and Conservation of Island In Japan, a collaborative study is the artisanal fishery in Ecuador, and the Ecosystems.” Kyung-Gyu Lee (a PSG continuing on the endangered Short- first one to collect data on the critically member from Shinan County) presented tailed Albatross (Phoebastria albatrus). endangered Waved Albatross (Phoebas- his work on conservation of Swinhoe’s Participants include the Yamashina In- tria irrorata). The program was initiated Storm Petrels (Oceanodroma mono- stitute for Ornithology (Kiyoaki Ozaki, because of informal reports from fisher- rhis) breeding on 4 islands (Chilbaldo, Fumio Sato, Noboru Nakamura), men that albatross bycatch was relatively Sokuguldo, Kuguldo and Gaerindo). the Japanese Ministry of Environment, common. The Waved Albatross nests in About 110,000 individuals of Swinhoe’s (Naoki Amako), the USFWS (Greg the Galapagos Island, and we know from Storm-Petrels (90% of world population) Balogh, Judy Jacobs), University of satellite tracking data that its foraging breed between late June and mid July in Massachusetts (Paul Sievert), and the routes take it to southern Peru, but its South Korea. Although breeding islands Seabird Oceanography Lab at Oregon behavior in Ecuadorian waters was un- are protected by Cultural Heritage Ad- State University (Rob Suryan.) Satel- known. It was suspected that they passed ministration of Korea, he and his team lite-tracking efforts, now in the seventh through relatively quickly, but observer described effects of introduced plants on year, are revealing the at-sea distribution data show that they follow fishing boats, breeding. The petrels rarely build their and marine habitat use of breeding sea- and that large groups are frequently pres- nests in area with introduced plants such son adults and post-breeding fledglings. ent and squabble over offal and baited as Miscanthus sinensis, Artemisis princes Transmitters are being placed on birds in hooks. This work is the first year of a and Achyranthes japonica. These plants the colony on Torishima Island. Another three-year program to reduce accidental are accidentally introduced by human aspect of Short-tailed Albatross studies is bycatch of seabirds. and goats in islands. The most serious the experimental translocation of chicks In Chile, ABC, Oikonos, and the problem is Achyranthes japonica, which to recolonize a historical breeding site, Juan Fernandez Island Conservancy are has sticky seeds that can trap petrels Mukojima in the Bonin Islands (Ogas- working with the Chilean Government to when they visit their chicks in the bur- awara). A component of this project is improve conservation of the Pink-footed rows. In 2008 and 2009, more than 80 satellite tracking of chicks after fledging, Shearwater (Puffinus creatopus) at its individuals died due to Achyranthes to ensure that survival and migration largest breeding colony on Isla Mocha. japonica. Mr Lee and his colleagues are of translocated and hand-reared chicks Historically, human consumption has investigating whether removing invasive are similar to those of naturally reared posed a serious threat to the colony there. plants will help the breeding success of individuals. These juvenile birds will In the first field season (winter 2009/10), Swinhoe’s Storm Petrels. be tracked into US waters to evaluate Dr. Erin Hagan will lead an internation- Also during the symposium, Dr. potential fishery interactions. Evaluation al team of biologists to map and monitor Young-Soo Kwon, PSG member and of threats from bycatch is particularly the breeding burrows on the island, and researcher in the National Park Insti- important, because a small sample during will affix satellite tags to document their tute, talked about seabird conservation previous studies suggested that hatch- migration north to Canadian waters. in South Korea, particularly concern- year birds appear to have very different Funding for this project includes gener- ing the globally-threatened Saunders’ movement and distribution patterns than ous support from the U.S. National Fish Gull (Larus saundersi). About 7100 sub-adults and adults, which causes them and Wildlife Foundation. to 9600 Saunders’ Gulls are found in to overlap a larger variety of fisheries.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 70 INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS TO PACIFIC SEABIRDS

Pacific Seabirds is a journal of the Pacific Seabird Group. Manuscripts and news items are welcome on any topic relating to Pacific seabirds or to their conservation. Short manuscripts are preferred (about 1,000 to 5,000 words for major submissions). Submit materials to the Editor (except as noted below): Dr. V.M. Mendenhall, 4600 Rabbit Creek Road, Anchorage, Alaska 99516; e-mail fasgadair@ attalascom.net. Deadlines are normally 15 April for the spring issue and 15 October for the fall issue.

CONTRIBUTIONS Rich Text Format, except that materials when quoting informal statements. For Contributors are invited to submit less than 300 words long may be sent in quantities less than 1, use an initial 0 the following: the body of the e-mail. For manuscripts (P = 0.95, not P = .95). submitted by e-mail, figures must also Typographical conventions follow • Articles on original research (to be be sent as separate files or via regular Scientific Style and Format, 6th edition, peer-reviewed) by the Style Manual Committee of the • Reports on current topics (e.g., re- mail. If a manuscript is submitted by Council of Biology Editors; Cambridge search in progress or seabird conser- regular mail, include a CD. University Press (1999). vation issues; not peer-reviewed) • Forum (discussion of a current FORMAT OF MANUSCRIPTS topic) Contributors should consult format Organization • Review articles (these may cover in a recent issue of Pacific Seabirds. Articles should contain the fol- seabirds worldwide) Back issues are online at www.pacific- lowing sections, in this order: Title, • Conservation News (submit to Craig seabirds.org Author(s), Authors’ affiliations (includ- Harrison, Conservation Chair; e- ing e-mail for corresponding author), Ab- mail [email protected]) General format stract, Key words, Introduction, Methods, • News items (short news relating to Manuscripts should be double- Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, seabird research, conservation, or spaced with 1-inch margins. If your paper Literature Cited, Tables, Figure legends, the Pacific Seabird Group size is A4 (European), the bottom mar- and Figures. Other types of manuscript • Book reviews gin must be at least 1¾ inch (including may use a different organization (e.g., a • Letters commenting on content of in electronic files), to ensure that it will review or report could contain sections Pacific Seabirds or other issues print properly on U.S. equipment. Pages on various locations); however, the same • Art work, such as sketches or photos should be numbered, except for Tables formats for Literature Cited, Tables, and of seabirds, either accompanying a and Figures. Figures will apply. text or for publication alone Give the scientific name (italicized) Abstract—An abstract is required after the first mention of any genus or for longer articles and suggested for PEER-REVIEW OF MANUSCRIPTS species. English names of bird species short ones. It should contain essential Articles and review articles will are capitalized (e.g., Fork-tailed Storm- information from each section of the text, be submitted to two peer reviewers for Petrel). Names of mammals, other taxa, without statistics. One or more additional technical review. Other submissions and English names of bird groups are abstract(s) may be provided in languages may also be sent for review, if the au- lowercase, except for proper names other than English. thor requests this or at the editor’s dis- (e.g., blackbirds, shield fern, Steller’s Key words—Five to 10 words for cretion. sea cow). use in computerized searching. Species If you use an acronym, give the names in both Latin and English should SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPTS entity’s full name the first time it is be included. Material may be submitted by mentioned. Avoid excessive use of ac- Introduction—Present the aims and e-mail or regular mail or (addresses ronyms. significance of the work, and place it in above). Materials sent by e-mail should Use the 24-hour clock without a the context of pre-existing information. be attached to the main message and colon (e.g., 1830). Give dates as day- State hypotheses that are being tested, should be in Word, WordPerfect, or month-year. Use metric measures, except if any.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 71 INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Methods—Describe the methods, Do not use all-capital letters or italics in white, or coarse cross-hatching; do not location, time, and personnel of the study. the Literature Cited, except that scientific use half-tone shading or background. Include statistical methods, if any. names should be in italics. Examples: For each figure, a high-quality Results—Present results that are Pratt, H.D., P.L. Bruner, and D.G. Berrett. graphics file or original drawing must pertinent to aims given in the Introduc- 1987. A field guide to the birds of Hawaii be submitted with the final version of the tion. Where feasible, summarize infor- and the tropical Pacific. Princeton Univer- manuscript. Graphics files should be in mation and give the full data in Tables sity Press, Princeton, NJ. 409 pp. TIFF (preferably), GIS, or EPS format, or Figures. Give sample sizes and the separate from the text document. A high- significance levels of statistical tests. Schreiber, E.A., and R.W. Schreiber. 1988. resolution JPG file may work; graphics in Great Frigatebird size dimorphism on two Literature citations normally should not Word format are not acceptable. Central Pacific atolls. Condor 90:90-99. be in the Results section. Photographs—Pacific Seabirds occasionally publishes photos. The best Discussion—Summarize the results Verify that all items in the Literature briefly, then evaluate the results, and ones are very sharp, with good detail Cited are referenced in the article, and and a range of dark/light values. Digital develop their importance in relation to vice versa. other work. Do not include primary re- images submitted by e-mail must be at For articles that you have read in least 250 ppi (when reduced to publica- sults and statistical tests, which belong a language other than English, list the in Results. tion size). The common low-resolution citation in the original language. An snapshot (often 72 ppi) does not repro- Text citations should be “Surname English translation of the title [in brack- duce well in publication; most cameras year.” Two authors are “Surname and ets] is optional. give the option of higher resolution. surname year”; 3 or more authors are Do not submit half-tone originals. If “Surname et al. year” (but all authors Supporting materials the original is in color, submit it in that should be given in the Literature Cited). Tables—Tables should be numbered format; the editor will convert it to black E.g., (Pratt et al. 1987, Schreiber and in the order they are first mentioned in and white. Schreiber 1988). If appropriate, specify the text. Refer to each table at least once. Art work—Original art work is page number(s) in a book or long article Use horizontal lines below the main welcomed. The original or a high-resolu- (Pratt et al. 1987:32-34). heading(s); do not use vertical lines in tion scan should be sent. Literature Cited—List all refer- tables. The Table (including its head- ences in alphabetical order of the authors’ ing) should be comprehensible without REVISIONS AND PROOFS surnames. Surname of the first author immediate reference to the text. Data in Materials that are sent for peer should be listed first, then initials; sub- Tables should not be repeated in the text, review will be returned to the author, sequent authors’ names should be listed except to summarize. along with reviewers’ and editorial sug- as Initial(s), Surname. List all authors in Figures—Figures should be num- gestions. If the Editor has accepted the the Literature Cited (do not use “et al.”). bered in the order they are first mentioned article, he or she will endeavor to return Year of publication follows, then title and in the text. Refer to each figure at least the manuscript within 60 days. If the journal reference. Include page numbers once. Figures should be drawn at least article needs major work, the author may for all cited works, including the total 50% larger than they will appear in print. be invited to revise and re-submit it for number of pages in a book. Use standard Make all lettering, numbers, and symbols future acceptance. abbreviations for journal titles; if you are large enough to be read easily after they For peer-reviewed articles, proofs unsure, spell them out. Spell out names are reduced. The figure (including cap- will be mailed to the author before pub- of agencies and institutions. tion) should be comprehensible without lication. Corrections should be returned The first line of each citation should immediate reference to the text. Define within one week. Proofs of other materi- be justified to the left margin; subsequent all symbols in a legend or the caption. als will not be sent to the author unless lines may be left-justified or indented. Shading in figures should be black, he or she requests them.

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 72 PUBLICATIONS OF THE PACIFIC SEABIRD GROUP

The Pacific Seabird Group publishes symposia and other works. PSG Symposia are occasionally held at Annual Meetings; those which have been published are listed below. Technical Reports prepared by PSG working groups also are listed. To order one of these PSG publications, please see instructions after each item. Abstracts of papers and posters given at PSG meetings are published annually. Abstracts for meetings of 1974 through 1993 appeared in the PSG Bulletin (Volumes 2–20); for meetings of 1994 through 2003, in Pacific Seabirds (Volumes 21–30); and for meetings of 1997 and later, at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org PSG publishes the journals Pacific Seabirds (www.pacificseabirdgroup.org) and Marine Ornithology (www. marineornithology.org). Current and past issues of both journals are available online or by subscription. Back issues may be obtained online; those of Pacific Seabirds also are available from the PSG Treasurer (order form on last page).

SYMPOSIA

SHOREBIRDS IN MARINE ENVIRONMENTS. Frank A. Pitelka (Editor). Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group. Asilomar, California, January 1977. Published June 1979 in Studies in Avian Biology, Number 2. Available free of charge at http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/cooper/sab.php

TROPICAL SEABIRD BIOLOGY. Ralph W. Schreiber (Editor). Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Honolulu, Hawaii, December 1982. Published February 1984 in Studies in Avian Biology, Number 8. Available free of charge at http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/cooper/sab.php

MARINE BIRDS: THEIR FEEDING ECOLOGY AND COMMERCIAL FISHERIES RELATIONSHIPS. David N. Nettleship, Gerald A. Sanger, and Paul F. Springer (Editors). Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Seattle, Washington, January 1982. Published 1984 as Canadian Wildlife Service, Special Publication. Out of print; available free of charge at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

THE USE OF NATURAL VS. MAN-MODIFIED WETLANDS BY SHOREBIRDS AND WATERBIRDS. R. Michael Erwin, Malcolm C. Coulter, and Howard L. Cogswell (Editors). Proceedings of an International Symposium at the first joint meeting of the Colonial Waterbird Society and the Pacific Seabird Group, San Francisco, California, December 1985. Colonial Waterbirds 9(2), 1986. $12.00. Order from: Ornithological Societies of North America, PO Box 1897, Lawrence, Kansas 66044; phone (800) 627-0629; no online orders.

ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR OF GULLS. Judith L. Hand, William E. Southern, and Kees Vermeer (Editors). Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Colonial Waterbird Society and the Pacific Seabird Group, San Francisco, California, December 1985. Published June 1987 in Studies in Avian Biology, Number 10. $18.50. Available free of charge at http://elibrary. unm.edu/sora/Condor/cooper/sab.php

AUKS AT SEA. Spencer G. Sealy (Editor). Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Pacific Grove, California, December 1987. Published December 1990 in Studies in Avian Biology, Number 14. Available free of charge at http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/cooper/sab.php

STATUS AND CONSERVATION OF THE MARBLED MURRELET IN NORTH AMERICA. Harry C. Carter, and Michael L. Morrison (Editors). Proceedings of a Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Pacific Grove, California, December 1987. Published October 1992 in Proceedings of the Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology, Volume 5, Number 1. $20.00. Order from PSG Treasurer (order form on last page), or available free of charge at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

THE STATUS, ECOLOGY, AND CONSERVATION OF MARINE BIRDS OF THE NORTH PACIFIC. Kees Vermeer, Kenneth T. Briggs, Ken H. Morgan, and Douglas Siegel‑Causey (editors). Proceedings of a Symposium of the Pacific Seabird

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 73 PSG PUBLICATIONS

Group, Canadian Wildlife Service, and the British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Victoria, British Columbia, February 1990. Published 1993 as a Canadian Wildlife Service Special Publication, Catalog Number CW66-124‑1993E. Order free of charge from: Publications Division, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A OH3, Canada.

BIOLOGY OF MARBLED MURRELETS—INLAND AND AT SEA. S. Kim Nelson and Spencer G. Sealy (Editors). Pro- ceedings of a Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Seattle, Washington, February 1993. Published 1995 in Northwestern Naturalist, Volume 76, Number 1. $12.00. Order from PSG Treasurer (order form on last page), or available free of charge at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

BEHAVIOUR AND ECOLOGY OF THE SEA DUCKS. Ian Goudie, Margaret R. Petersen and Gregory J. Robertson (editors). Proceedings of the Pacific Seabird Group Symposium, Victoria, British Columbia, 8-12 November 1995. A special publication compiled by the Canadian Wildlife Service for the Pacific Seabird Group. Published 1999 as Canadian Wildlife Service Occasional Paper number 100, catalog number CW69-1/100E. Order free of charge from: Publications Division, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A OH3, Canada, or available free of charge at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

SEABIRD BYCATCH: TRENDS, ROADBLOCKS AND SOLUTIONS. Edward F. Melvin and Julia K. Parrish (editors). Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Blaine, Washington, 26-27 February 1999. Published 2001 by University of Alaska Sea Grant, Fairbanks, Alaska. Publication no. AK-SG-01-01. $40.00. Order from publisher.

BIOLOGY, STATUS, AND CONSERVATION OF JAPANESE SEABIRDS. Nariko Oka (editor). Proceedings of an Inter- national Symposium of the Japanese Seabird Group and Pacific Seabird Group, Lihue, Hawaii, February 2001. Journal of the Yamashina Institute of Ornithology 33(2); Symposium (5 papers), pp 57-147, other papers pp. 148-213. In English with Japanese abstracts. $75.00. Order from PSG Treasurer (order form on last page).

OIL AND CALIFORNIA’S SEABIRDS. Harry R. Carter (convener) and Anthony J. Gaston (editor). Proceedings of a Sym- posium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Santa Barbara, California, February 2002. Published 2003 inMarine Ornithology 31(1). Available free of charge at www.marineornithology.org

The Biology and Conservation of the American White Pelican. Daniel W. Anderson, D. Tommy King, and John Coulson (editors). Proceedings of a Symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group. Waterbirds, Volume 28. Special Publication 1, 2005. Published by the Waterbird Society. $15.00. Order from PSG Treasurer (order form on last page).

BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION OF XANTUS’S MURRELET. Harry R. Carter, Spencer G. Sealy, Esther E. Burkett, and John F. Piatt (editors). Proceedings of a symposium of the Pacific Seabird Group, Portland, Oregon, January 2005. Published 2005 in Marine Ornithology 33(2):81-159. Available free of charge at www.marineornithology.org

Information on presenting symposia: Pacific Seabird Group Symposia or Paper Sessions may be arranged by any member who is interested in a particular topic. Before planning a special session, refer to Meetings/Symposia Guidelines at www.paci- ficseabirdgroup.org; also contact the Coordinator of the Publications Committee and the Scientific Chair for the meeting.

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS

EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL SEABIRD RESTORATION WORKSHOP. Kenneth I. Warheit, Craig S. Harrison, and George J. Divoky (editors). Exxon Valdez Restoration Project Final Report, Restoration Project 95038. PSG Technical Publi- cation Number 1. 1997. Available free of charge at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

METHODS FOR SURVEYING MARBLED MURRELETS IN FORESTS: A REVISED PROTOCOL FOR LAND MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH. Pacific Seabird Group, Marbled Murrelet Technical Committee. PSG Technical Pub- lication Number 2. 2003. Available free of charge at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 74 PACIFIC SEABIRD GROUP COMMITTEE COORDINATORS

Committees do much of PSG’s business, as well as the conservation work for which PSG is respected. The committees welcome (and need) information concerning their issues; please contact the coordinators with input and updates.

AWARDS COMMITTEE The Awards Committee consists of the Past Chair, Chair, and Chair-elect. Committee members for 2009 are Doug Bertram (chair), Greg Balogh, and Tom Good; contact information is on inside back cover.

CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Craig S. Harrison, 4953 Sonoma Mountain Road, Santa Rosa, CA 95404, USA. Telephone: (202) 778‑2240, e-mail: [email protected] CONSERVATION SMALL GRANTS COMMITTEE Verena Gill, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management, 1011 E. Tudor Rd., MS 341, Anchorage, AK 99503-6199, USA. Telephone: (907) 786-3584; fax: (907) 786-3816; cell phone: (907) 250-3721; e-mail: [email protected]

ELECTION COMMITTEE Pat Baird, Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology, Department of Biological Sciences, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6. Telephone: (604) 928-5510, e-mail: [email protected]

JAPAN SEABIRD CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Motohiro Ito, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan. Telephone and fax: 0138-40- 8863, e-mail: [email protected]

KITTLITZ’S MURRELET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE Michelle L. Kissling, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 3000 Vintage Blvd, Suite 201, Juneau, AK 99801, USA. Telephone: (907) 780-1168, Fax: (907) 586-7154, e-mail: [email protected]

LOON/GREBE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE Joel Schmutz, U.S. Geological Survey, 1011 E. Tudor Rd., Anchorage, AK 99503, USA. Telephone: (907) 786-3518, e-mail: [email protected]

MARBLED MURRELET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE William P. Ritchie, P.O. Box 1102, Port Angeles, WA 98362-0209, USA. Telephone: (360) 902-2365, fax: (360) 417-3302, e-mail: [email protected] COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE Verena Gill, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management, 1011 E. Tudor Rd., MS 341, Anchorage, AK 99503- 6199, USA. Telephone: (907) 786-3584; fax: (907) 786-3816; cell phone: (907) 250-3721; e-mail: [email protected]

SEABIRD MONITORING COMMITTEE Scott Hatch, Biological Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Biological Science Center, 1011 E. Tudor Rd., Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. Telephone: (907) 786‑3529, fax: (907) 786‑3636, e-mail: [email protected]

XANTUS’S MURRELET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE Shaye Wolf, Center for Biological Diveristy, 351 California St., Ste. 600, San Francisco, CA 94104. Telephone: (415) 632- 5301 (office), (415) 385-5746 (cell), fax: (415) 436-9683, e-mail: [email protected] and Harry R. Carter, Carter Biological Consulting, 1015 Hampshire Road, Victoria, BC V8S4S8, Canada; [email protected]; phone (250) 370-7031

PSG DELEGATES TO THE AMERICAN BIRD CONSERVANCY Craig S. Harrison, 4953 Sonoma Mountain Road, Santa Rosa, CA 95404, USA. Telephone: (202) 778‑2240, e-mail: [email protected] and Malcolm C. Coulter, P.O. Box 48, Chocorua, NH 03817 USA. Telephone: (603) 323‑9342, e-mail: [email protected]

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 75 PSG LIFE MEMBERS 2009 ______

David Ainley Adrian Gall David R. Nysewander Sarah G. Allen Lisa Haggblom Haruo Ogi Daniel W. Anderson Judith Latta Hand Koji Ono Edgar P. Bailey Craig S. Harrison Katie O’Reilly Pat Herron Baird Scott A. Hatch Julia K. Parrish Lisa Ballance Monica Herzig Zürcher Robert Pitman Mrs. Don Bishop Nancy Hillstrand C. John Ralph Kenneth T. Briggs Joel D. Hubbard William P. Ritchie Joanna Burger David B. Irons Chad Roberts Douglas Causey Ronald Javitch Daniel D. Roby Ellen W. Chu Sarah Keller Gerald A. Sanger Roger B. Clapp James G. King Palmer C. Sekora Cheryl Conel Kathy Kuletz Nanette Seto Malcolm C. Coulter James Kushlan Kouzi Shiomi Kathy Cousins Lora Leschner Kitty Simonds Theodore L. Cross David B. Lewis William E. Southern Jeff Davis Peter Major Arthur L. Sowls Robert H. Day Eugene Y. Makishima Jeffrey A. Spendelow Tony DeGange Vivian Mendenhall Takaki Terasawa Jan Dierks Godfrey Merlen W. Breck Tyler George J. Divoky Pat Mock Enriqueta Velarde Gonzalez Stewart Fefer Ken Morgan Kees Vermeer Lloyd C. Fitzpatrick Edward C. Murphy John S. Warriner Elizabeth Flint Maura Naughton Yutaka Watanuki Douglas J. Forsell S. Kim Nelson Jennifer Wheeler Michael Fry Jeff Williams

RECIPIENTS OF PSG’S LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD

Philip and Myrtle Ashmole Charles Guiguet = James G. King James C. Bartonek Michael P. Harris Haruo Ogi W.R.P. Bourne Thomas R. Howell = Spencer G. Sealy Richard G.B. Brown George L. Hunt, Jr. Robert E. Ricklefs G. Vernon Byrd Karl W. Kenyon = Miklos D.F. Udvardy = John Croxall John Warham

RECIPIENTS OF PSG’S SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD

Malcolm Coulter Lora Leschner Arthur L. Sowls = George J. Divoky Edward Melvin Steven M. Speich Craig S. Harrison S. Kim Nelson Mark J. Rauzon Hiroshi Hasegawa Yutaka Watanuki =Deceased

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 76 Pacific Seabird Group Membership Application/Publication Order Form (Please copy)

Membership (includes subscription to Pacific Seabirds) (You may also join or renew online at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org) Individual and Family $30.00 Student (undergraduate and graduate) $24.00 Life Membership1 $900.00 (optional payment plan: five $180 installments) Sponsored Membership $30.00 Name of Sponsored Member______$______

Donations2 To the Endowment Fund1 $______Other (please specify)______$______

Pacific Seabird Group publications A full list of PSG publications appears on preceding pages. If the publication you want is not listed on this page, please order according to information in the publications list.

Back issues of Pacific Seabirds (can also be downloaded from www.pacificseabirds.org) Vols. 1-8 (1974-1981) ______x $2.50 $______Vols. 9 (1982 to present) ______x $5.00 $______

PSG Symposia Status and Conservation of the Marbled Murrelet in North America ______x $20.00 $______Biology of Marbled Murrelets: Inland and at Sea ______x $12.00 $______Biology, Status, and Conservation of Japanese Seabirds______x $75.00 $______The Biology and Conservation of the American White Pelican ______x $15.00 $______

TOTAL ENCLOSED $ Prices include postage (surface rate) and handling.

SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER (payable in US dollars to the Pacific Seabird Group) to: Ron LeValley, PSG Treasurer, P.O. Box 324, Little River, CA 95456-0519, USA.

MEMBERSHIPS (new and renewing) and DONATIONS may also be paid online at www.pacificseabirdgroup.org ______1 Proceeds from Life Memberships go to the Endowment Fund, which supports the publications of the Pacific Seabird Group. Contributions may be given for a specified purpose; otherwise they also go to the Endowment Fund. 2 Donations may be tax-deductible; see inside front cover for more information.

Member/Sponsor or Order Deliver/Ship to (if different) Name______Name______Address______Address______Telephone______Telephone______Fax______Fax______E‑mail______E‑mail______

Pacific Seabirds • Volume 36, Number 2 • Fall 2009 • Page 77 PSG EXECUTIVE COUNCIL 2009 For Executive Council members in current year (if different), see PSG’s web site, http://www.pacificseabirdgroup.org

Officers Chair Greg Balogh, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 605 W. 4th Ave. Rm G-61, Anchorage, AK 99501, USA. Telephone: 907-271-2778; Fax: 907-271-2786; e-mail: [email protected] Past Chair Doug Bertram, Canadian Wildlife Service, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich R., P.O. Pox 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2. Telephone: (250) 363-6735; fax: (250) 363 -6390; e-mail: [email protected]

Chair-Elect Tom Good, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA. Telephone (206) 860-3469; fax: (206) 860-3335; e-mail: [email protected] Vice-Chair for Conservation Craig S. Harrison, 4953 Sonoma Mountain Road, Santa Rosa, CA 95404, USA. Telephone: (202) 778‑2240; e-mail: [email protected] Treasurer Ron LeValley, P.O. Box 324, Little River, CA 95456-0519, USA. Telephone: (707) 496-3326 (cell), (707) 937-1742 (work); fax: (707) 937-2868; e-mail: [email protected] Secretary Mark Hipfner, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, RR#1, 5421 Robertson Rd., Delta, BC, Canada V4K 3N2. Telephone: (604) 940-4720; Fax: (604) 946-7022; e-mail: [email protected] Editor, Pacific Seabirds Vivian Mendenhall, 4600 Rabbit Creek Rd., Anchorage, AK 99516, USA. Telephone: (907) 345-7124; fax (907) 345-0686; e-mail: [email protected]

Regional Representatives

Alaska and Russia Heather Renner, Alaska Maritime NW, 95 Sterling Highway, Suite 1, Homer, AK 99603, USA. Telephone: (907) 226-4623; fax: (907) 235-7783; e-mail: [email protected] Canada Ken Morgan, Institute of Ocean Sciences. P.O. Box 6000, 9860 W. Saanich Rd., Sidney, B.C., Canada V8L 4B2. Telephone: (250) 363-6537; fax: (250) 363-6390; e-mail: morgank@pac. dfo‑mpo.gc.ca Washington and Oregon Don Lyons, Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Telephone: (503) 791-2958; e-mail: [email protected] Northern California Craig Strong, Crescent Coastal Research, P.O. Box 2108. Crescent City, CA 95531, USA. Telephone: (707) 487-0246, or (707) 954-3500 (cell); e-mail: [email protected] Southern California Dan Robinette, PRBO Conservation Science, Vandenberg Field Station, 205 N. H St., Suite 217, Lompoc, CA 93436, USA. Telephone (805) 735-7300; fax (805) 735-8817; e-mail [email protected] Non-Pacific United States Julie C. Ellis, Tufts University, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Barbour Building, 200 Westboro Rd., North Grafton, MA 01536, USA. Telephone: (508) 887-4933, Fax: (508) 839-7946; e-mail: [email protected] Hawai‘i and Pacific Rim Linda Elliott, Hawaii Wildlife Center, P.O. Box 5006, Hawi, HI 96719. Telephone and fax: (808) 884-5576; e-mail: [email protected] Old World Linda Wilson, Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Dunnet House, 7 Thistle Place, Aberdeen, AB10 1UZ, Scotland. Telephone: +44 (0) 1224 655713; Fax: +44 (0) 1224 621488; e-mail: [email protected] Student Representative Heather Major, Dept. of Biological Science, 8888 University Dr., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6. Telephone (778) 782-5618; Fax (778) 782-3496; e-mail: [email protected]