Missouri i . .., () 0 The UMC College of Engineering Student Magazine

OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1985 Help Keep The

Tradition Growing . • •

Shamrock

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\US:S-FROS I Y G.\I '\I\: \I OS Qum1 of I,,,, ai•I &11111·- /9t>b 1956 1966 1976

Don't Miss Your Chance to join the SHAMROCK when recruiting and orientation begin early next summer

1985 On the Cover Missouri SHAMROCK The UMC College of Engineering Magazine

Oct. IN ov., 1985 Vol. 79 No. 1 contents

From the Editor's Desk ...... 2

Not Just Your Average Secretary ...... 4 A11 aerial view of campus as viewed from atop tl,e Pl,ysics l111ildi11g 011 a Friday ci>o1i11g wl,c11 tl,e campus obseroatory ope11s its telescopes to Engineering Honors Program ...... 6 the p11/Jl1c. Sec story page 12. Senate Bill to Provide State Money for Cover photo by John D. Wilson Laboratory Equipment ...... 8

MSPE: Helping Students to a Better Education ...... 10

Laws Observatory: A Colorful History ...... 12 The Missouri Shamrock is published three lime annually (Oct ov, Jan Feb, Mar1Apr) by the engineering students of the UM ollege of Engineering. Opinion lated herein do not ne es• Engineering Designated Home of sarily reflect the views of the oil ge of Engineering. Three Research Centers ...... 16 Sub cnption rate i 5.00 per year. Inquiries concerning subscriptions or advertising should be directed to Mis• ~)uri Shamrock, ollege of Engineering, 1020 Engineering, University of Missouri­ Organizations ...... 19 Columbia, olumbia, Missouri 65211 . Foremost, the Shamrod, acknowl• edges its advisors, Robert W. Leavene, Jr, Associate Professor of Electrical and The Superconductivity Phenomenon omputer Engineering, Annette Sanders, Dir~ctor of Engineering om­ and Engineering Applications ...... 22 munacations, UM ollege of Engineer· ing, and Dr yrus Harbour!, Director of Engineering Extension. SHAMROCK STAFF Editor Mark DeYoung from the editor's desk Busine s Manager Brian Gustin Managing Editors Cindy Bohr Work Experience Gives Janice hrhardt Copy Editor Students More Marketability Mary Daly Linda Roehrs Job Experience! Engineering stu­ probably don't know what type of Production Editors dents who gain practical job experi­ work you prefer. It's important to Keith F. Mueller ence have several advantages over have some sort of base before choos­ Barb White those who don't bother with applied ing a permanent job. Without it, it's engineering until after graduation. hard to choose." Engineering students spend hun­ Not only can the job enlighten stu­ rawford dreds of hours every school year dents as to what type of work they Features Editor studying to some day apply their enjoy, but also can give students in­ Tim Popp knowledge-studying to be an "engi­ sight into the type of firm they would Technical Editor neer." Very few students however, prefer to work for permanently. Do know what they specifically want to you like big companies where engi­ Phil Bennett do when they graduate. Worse yet, neers specialize in a certain phase of Photographers not many students know their options. harlie William The best way students can get a feel­ J hn Wil on ing for their career goals is to work in "Interviewing Writers the engineering industry prior to companies figure the graduation. Rob Angerer student with Dani I B ton Discovering possible career direc­ Mvron Grae · le tions is just one of many benefits an experience will be Ro ·eann Koffkey undergraduate receives with work Terry Kroeger experience. A closer look shows that more productive Tracy Rolf working in industry brings the stu­ initially." Hank Zucker dent an abundance of advantages. Advertising Staff Job experience can make someone a better student. One student com­ production or do you like small com­ Mark chroed r Li a Hemming mented, "its exciting, it takes the panies where engineers see a product Chri ·a Pavlopoulos boredom out of school." Students develop from start to finish? Do you tend to find classes more interesting prefer a "big city" or "small town" Computer Accounts and less burdensome when they have location? A more specific look at the Manager seen how school material is applied. employer might answer additional Dave Hawkin On-the-job training is also an excel­ questions such as what kind of peo­ Circulation lent learning device in itself. Senior ple will you be working with if you Tom Payne Computer Engineering student Kev­ accepted a permanent job? Do the V rn Avanzado in Stanley said of his co-op experi­ permanent employees seem adequate­ John Ohlm ence with McDonnell-Douglas, "l ly challenged and content with their learned more there than I ever did in salary and benefits? Are there suffi­ school-at least practical learning." cient advancement opportunities? Work experience tells students Work experience can tell students whether they enjoy the type of work more about a company than a "plant they' re assigned. Engineering place­ trip" could ever offer. ment secretary Lou Baur says, "If In general, on-the-job training cre­ you've never worked before, you ates a more marketable engineer as

Page 2 Missouri SHAMROCK Baur explains, "Interviewing compa­ nies figure the student with experi­ The Time To Apply Is Now ence will be more productive initially. A lot of the initial fear and know­ how are already taken care of." She As far as getting practical experi­ through the College of Engineering. went on to say that if two academical­ ence, students should get it any way The big decision for underclassmen ly equal students are competing for they can. My personal suggestions at this point is "do you want to pull jobs, the one with practical experi­ are as follows: away from your textbook long enough ence will get twice as many job offers to take the time to apply?" Consider­ 1. Make out a resume, fill out a as one who has no experience. "It's ing the advantages involved, applica­ UMC engineering information sheet, getting a little soft in the market and tion time is time well spent. In fact, and file it with Lou Baur in the place­ when it comes down to it, it's the kid even if no jobs pan out, there are still ment office. As Lou says, "We can't with work experience that will get many gains acquired through trying. help anybody unless we know they the job," Baur added. "Experience Interviewing experience and compa­ need help." will raise your GPA as far as recruit­ ny exposure are two obvious advan­ ers are concerned." 2. If there is a particular company tages. There are three common ways stu­ you have interest in, send your resu­ Some colleges in the country feel dents can get job experience as an me with a cover letter to the company practical experience is so important undergraduate. The most common is expressing your interest and objective. for students' educations that they to start a co-op session with a certain Then over Christmas vacation put on require at least one semester of expe­ company where students alternate a suit/dress and visit their placement rience before they will award a di­ semesters taking classes and working office. See if they have any oppor­ ploma. Although UMC doesn't re­ with the company. Similar to co-op is tunities. quire work experience, students who a summer internship where students take initiative and get it anyway are 3. Sign up for interviews in the spend the summer working for a gaining an edge over those who are engineering building outside the place­ company. Finally, students can get only sati sfying the necessary require­ ment office for co-op or summer posi­ jobs with the college of engineering ments to graduate. tions whenever they're posted. working on special projets. All three are great ways to acquire valuable 4. If you're interested in a special work experience. in-school project, you must apply

Mark DeYoung is a senior from Inde­ pendence, Mo. majoring in electrical and computer engineering. Mark recently worked as a summer intern with Black and Veatch Consulting Engineers in the Power and Mark DeYoung, Editor Electrical division in Overland Park, KS . This Missouri SHAMROCK is his second year with the Shamrock and first yea r as editor. He is also a member of IEEE, Engineer's Club, Beta Theta Pi social fraternity, and Eta Kappa Nu electrical engineering honor­ ary. After graduation, he plans to work in industry and go to graduate school.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 3 Not Just Your Average Secretary

by M ary Daly

One person who all graduating en­ gineers need t o know on a fi rst name basis before brea king into the busi­ ness community is the engineering placement secretary. But this necessi­ ty ca n also be e njoyable, as many seniors have discovered upon open­ ing the door to the engineering place­ ment office and spea king to the wom­ an b ehind the desk. Lou B aur is the placement secre­ tary in the College of Engineering. "My job consists of coordinating in­ dustria l r ecruiters with the students on ca mpus," she says. One of the things Lou m ost enjoys about the job is working w ith the recruiters who are sent to represent their companies. She e mphasizes, "The recruiters are the c ream of the crop-the a bsolute elite of the company." Most compa­ Plr oto /1_11 Clrarles Willia 111s nies make a nnual ci rcuits of the ca m­ ABOVE: Alw ays helpful, Lou Baur assists mecha11ical engi11eeri11g senior puses which train the type of employ­ Todd Odeh11al w ith his job search. ee they desire. However, if Lou hears BELOW: Lou mai11tai11s her professio11al bowli11g prowess w ith w eekly league that a corporation which d oes not play. normall y make a circuit of the Uni ver­ sity is hiring for specia li zed p ositions which might interest UMC students, average starting salaries in 1984-85 of she ca ll s the company and in vites $26,500, the e ngineering placement them t o interview on ca mpus. office is the most effecti ve placement Lou Baur has been working a t the service on ca mpus. Other placement placement office fo r five years and in offices are provided fo r seniors in that time has had very few problems educa tion, home economics, and busi­ with individual students. "By the time ness and public a dministration. All students get t o me, they are lookin g graduating students may also use the fo r h elp in an area that they know Ca reer Planning a nd Placement Ser­ nothing a bout," she explains. The vice on ca mpus. students wa nt to do well in the inter­ Lou's biggest p roblem i s getting viewing process and thus are willing undergraduates to use the placement to accept any help she ca n provide. " I service. "The hardest part of the job enjoy the students as much as the is getting undergraduates to sign up recruiters," she says, "being around fo r co-op jobs," she says. According young people keeps me young." to the placement secretary, working The placement offi ce helps the ma­ as a co-op student, summer employee, jority of graduating seniors. Wi th an or intern ca n b e very useful when Photo by 81 perce nt hiring rati o, and reported interviewing for permanent positions. Charles Will iams

Page 4 Mi ssouri SHAMROCK In fact, Lou says that many compa­ nies will add up to 0.5 points to a student's cumulative grade point av­ erage if the student has worked as a co-op or has supported him or her­ self through college. Membership in professional organi­ zations and participation in extracur­ ricular activities also increase a stu­ dent's marketability. "If you bother to take leadership in activities it shows that you are willing to do the extra a job might require," Lou says. Despite the dedication Lou shows for her job, she still has time for her private life. She lives in Columbia with her eleven-year-old daughter Becky, whose present ambition is to become a veterinarian. "I work hard to keep my daughter's life stable," Lou says. Her own childhood was one PhtJltJ by Charles Willia111s that few people would consider stable. Because her father set up electrical Lou and her daughter, Becky, display their Honda 1100-a vehicle for Lou's substations in many remote and iso­ wilder side and weekend adventures. lated locations, she attended four­ teen grade schools and seven high weekly league bowling and main­ schools. "You meet a lot of people tains a 192 average. As well as having but you don't make any friends," lived all over the United States dur­ University describes Lou about her average stay ing her childhood, she has traveled of six months in any one location. extensively all over the world. One of Book Store Some of the locations were so remote her previous jobs as a travel agent in th~ br1dy commons that she and her siblings had to be allowed her to participate in and guide flown to school by her father. She many tours. Lou now confines her can supply you with even speaks of having to parachute travels to Columbia in a traditional out of the plane to get to class. De­ automobile or on a motorcycle-a computers, calculators spite the many interruptions in her Honda 1100. The motorcycle is for and many more education, Lou graduated as vale­ fun on weekends. engineering supplies. dictorian of her high school class. Since Lou enjoys people, one of "My mother filled in the gaps in our her biggest frustrations is that her job educations," she says. is seasonal. Those students who make Coming soon The rest of Lou's life has been just a point of meeting her when they are New engi neeri rig reference as interesting. She holds a pilot's not busy interviewing will discover license which has been inactive since that Lou Baur is a very interesting books in stock! her daughter's birth and she is a person to get to know, and the person member of a "flying" family. While who can best help when they are in her twenties, Lou "shot" the pro getting ready to move into the busi­ bowling tour. She still participates in ness world.

Mary Daly is a senior in Mechanical Engi­ ••••••••••••••••••••••• neering and a native of Columbia, Missouri . : $2.00 off box of 10 : This is her first year with the Shn111rock and : NASHUA DISKETTES : her first experience at being a copy editor. • reg. price $17.95 • Daly is also involved in Society of Women Engineers and ASME . She was recovering from • (wit . h coupon) •■ the EIT test when this picture was taken. : at the : : COMPUTER SPECTRUM : •••••••••••••••••••••••• Good thru Dec. 20, 1985 • Missouri SHAMROCK Page 5 Engineering Honors Progratn

by Tom Payne

Most of us have heard of the engi­ participant's transcript and diploma, tantships and research assistantships neering honors program, but for however, will carry no designation. are awarded. In addition, the list of some reason, never taken the time to What other reasons are there for honors students is frequently used as find out the real details of what it becoming an Honors Scholar? Accord­ a means of identifying candidates for takes to be an Honors Scholar. ing to Elaine Charlson, professor of scholarships and awards. Contrary to popular belief, the electrical and computer engineering Students interested in either the honors program does not require a Honors Scholar or honors participant significant amount of time, nor is it programs, can see their respective extremely difficult. In fact, an Hon­ . . . an Honors Scholar department offices for more informa­ ors Scholar participating in the pro­ tion and appropriate persons to con­ gram can get a head start toward a participating in the tact. Freshmen, sophomores and ju­ master's degree. program can get a head niors are eligible to apply. Early en­ Here are the details. Any student rollment is recommended since there who completes their BS with a mini­ start toward a masters is a rule that a student must be in the mum GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale is degree. honors program for at least two se­ eligible to be an Honors Scholar or an mesters before graduation. honors participant. Either program The Engineering Honors Program will allow students to receive gradu­ can be well worth a student's time, ate credit for six of the 126 hours and chairman of the honors commit­ and all it takes is a little extra work. required for the baccalaureate de­ tee for ECE, there are additional The designation "Honors Scholar" gree. advantages. They include preferen­ also looks very good on a resume, The 120 hours used strictly for un­ tial consideration to honors gradu­ especially when trying to nail down dergraduate credit must satisfy all ates when graduate teaching assis- that first job. ABET requirements, for example, the engineering science, engineering de­ sign, etc., on UMC engineering ad­ visement forms. The six hours used for graduate N evVs Briefs credit must be 300 or 400 level courses, with the exception of 300 or 400 prob­ DEA TO RETIRE I MAY ... lems courses. Dual enrollment for William R. Kimel, dean of the engineering college ince 1968 additional hours of strictly graduate announc d hi r tir ment from the dean's po ition in October of credit is also possible. Thus, an hon­ thi y ar. Th Shamrock thank th d an for his continued ors student can complete a BS with a support of the magazine and will significant head start on a masters urely mi hi pre enc when degree. Both Honors Scholars and hi retirem nt b come ffective June 30, 19 6. honors participants may take advan­ tage of this graduate credit option. THE SHAMROCK CO GRATULATES ... A student who chooses to take at A ociate profe or of electrical engine ring a well a Sham­ least two hours of Engineering 300 rock advi or Robert Leavene and e ecutive engineering taff (problems) courses, constituting an a i tant Marjorie Jack on on their wedding engagement. Both honors project, can be an Honors Leavene and Jack on are upporter of the Shamrock and th Scholar. Upon completion of all the coll g and we wish the best to both of them in the future. Dr. requirements of the Honors Scholar Leav ne i also a form r UMC tud nt and Shamrock editor who program, the transcript and diploma initiat d the publishing of centerfolds in everal Shamrock will carry the designation "Honors i sue of the late 1960' and early 1970' . Scholar in Engineering." The honors

Page 6 Missouri SHAMROCK

Senate Bill to Provide State Money for Laboratory Equipinent

by Tim Popp

The absence of new, " high tech" propriation, subject to availability of bachelor degree awarded the previ­ laboratory equipment at the Universi­ funds, for a program of grants estab­ ous year. The following yea r the ty of Missouri-Columbia is a problem lished for engineering colleges of the amount will decrease to $1,600 per most engineering students begin to University of Missouri for the pur­ bachelor degree awarded or twice the notice their junior year when course pose of assisting such colleges in the dollar value of the funds for equip­ work begins to involve more labs. purchase of teaching and research ment received from private industry, equipment exclusive of laboratory and depending Mary Richardson, a junior mechani­ on which figure is lower. classroom furniture." This means the cal engineering student from Jeffer­ In the third and fourth years of the University may receive a series of son City, Mo., expressed her concern program, the amount of the grant grants to replace and repair engineer­ will over the condition of the equipment. be equal to $1,200 per bachelor ing laboratory equipment. "I don't think the lab equipment here degree or the dollar value of equip­ The amount of money appropriat­ ment is good enough to give me the 'hands funds received from industry, ed has been set and state money on' experience that I need to prepare again depending on which figure is provided decreases for a job." over four years lower. with matching industry funding to The bill was Poor lab equipment, is not just a originally designed to make up the difference. Beginning in provide concern at UMC. A joint conference money for lab equipment July 1986, the College of Engineering of the Engineering Foundation, the forever, but while in the legislature a should receive a grant of $2,400 per four-year American Society for Engineering "sunset" clause was added Education, the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, the American Association of Engineering Societies, and the National Academy This tensile tester is used of Engineers concluded in 1983 that on a regular basis by the the lack of modern laboratory and mechanical engineering research equipment is a "$2 billion department to test ma­ national problem." terial strength. The lab Now, the first steps have been tak­ which contains this en toward a solution to this problem tester could benefit for the engineering schools in Mis­ from SB 233. souri. Thanks to an extensive effort by the Missouri Society of Profession­ al Engineers (MSPE), state money may soon be coming to the Universi­ ty of Mi ssouri to help upgrade the quality and technology of our labora­ tories. On August 13, 1985, Missouri Gov­ ernor John Ashcroft signed into law Senate Bill 233 (SB 233), designed to allocate state funds especially for lab­ oratory equipment for the University of Missouri engineering schools. The law states: "The University of Mis­ souri shall annually request an ap- Photo /Jy Charles William s

Page 8 Missouri SHAMROCK Ascend

Reaching new heights of achievement in the business world requires a special alliance. An alliance of people - whether management, technical or administrative -working together to bring out their best. This is the type of relationship Anheuser­ Busch has always maintained. Because of this, we've grown from a local brewery to an international corpora­ tion. Our holdings now encompass everything from snack foods to theme parks to transportation. Talented people sustain our upward momentum. They take pride in exceeding previous levels of accomplishment and rise to every challenge with a single minded determination to succeed. They have a commitment to quality that makes excellence their standard. Their rewards? Intriguing assignments. Stimulating work environment. Tangible recognition. And the opportunity to reach for the stars. If you are about to receive your BSEE or BSME, and you have the potential to ascend above the ordinary, team up with Anheuser-Busch. Send your resume to: ANHEUSER-BUSCH COMPANIES, INC.; Corporate Employment; College Relations; One Busch Place; St. Louis, Missouri 63118. An Equal Opportunity Employer M/F. ANHEUSER-BUSQ-t COMPANlfS and passed on the final version of the bil l. Thi s means that a t the e nd of fo ur years the bill is "dead " or tha t the "sun has set" on the bill. If a lte r­ na te funding method s have not been fo und by that time, the process will have to begin again . Speaking about the effect of the "sunset" cl ause on the bill, Paul Jobe, executive director of MSPE said , "Four years is not long enough, but it is a sta rt , a nd by then adequa te fina ncing fo r :a bo rato ry equipme nt may develop th rough oth­ er channels. If the problem isn't solved in fo ur years, we' ll go back a nd try it again ." This p roblem of keeping pace w ith technology and repairing broken labo­ ratory equipment has been appare nt to the UMC Coll ege of Engineering a nd MSPE fo r some time. Figures Plto to /,_11 Clt arl, ·~ Willi11 111 ~ fr om the college show annual equip­ ABOVE: me nt depreciati on estima ted a t $2.5 million (based on a 10-year equip­ Th ese Tektronix oscilloscopes used by EC£ students in laboratory courses range from older models (left), to the newer but still outdated models (right). ment life) w hile maximum a nnual a mounts received fr om the state to fi x and re place equipment a re only versity of Missouri a t a compe titi ve new industry is attracted to the state $400,000. Jobe said, "The proble m is disad va ntage compa red with gradu­ of Mi ssouri. "A good engineering obvious. The lack of adequate labora­ ates fr om other universities." Jobe educa ti on system w ill make Mi ssouri tory a nd research facilities puts the said tha t he felt facilities and equip­ more com pe ti li ve. Whe n corporati ons engineering gradua te from the Uni - me nt also have a n effect on whethe r a re deciding w hether or not to locate

MSPE: Helping Students to a Better Education

by Tim Popp Th i.' e ntire politica l p rocl.'SS that saying, "Some of th l.' most d fcc­ Jobi.' said tha t MS PE is " not a brought about SB 233, a sta te law ti ve testimony we brought before technical society" a nd that the tha t a ppropria tL'S funds for l.' ngi­ th l.' legisla turl.' was from stude nts." organi za ti on wants " to educa te the neering labora tory equipment, took HI.' also sa id that l.' ngineering stu­ legislature by dealing with the pro­ almost a year a nd was accom­ de nts d on't " rea li zl.' thl.'ir potential fe ssional and ca reer-oril.'nted as­ plishl.'d through the l.'fiorts of the to affl.'c t thl.' ir own l.'d uca ti on. The pects of l.' ngineering." Missouri Societv of Professional e ngineering students of today will MS PE, through student chapters, Enginl.'e rs for th l.' Uni versit y of have the job of turning ideas into a ll ows engineering stude nts of all Missouri. It ha ppened , however, realit y. They w ill make scie nce disciplines to get involved in their without the aid of a n acti ve stu­ profi tabl e, so it is nevl.'r too 1.'a rl y major a nd to play a n acti ve role in de nt cha pte r of this organi za tion for them to play a ro ll.' in their their own educa ti on. They do this a t a ny Coll ege of Engineering in educa ti ons and to keep abreast of by going beyond strictl y technica l the stall.' . the issues that arl.' a ffecting th l.' m issul.'S a nd by working for solu­ Executive Director of the MS PE, now and that will continue to af­ ti ons to the problems of engineers Paul Jobe feels this is a sha me, fect the m a ft er they graduate." at work and in school.

Page 10 Mi ssouri SHAMROCK ABOVE: The Tektronix 2220 and 2230 Digital Storage Oscilloscopes are examples of equipment quality available 011 the market which UMC is curre11tly 1mable to afford.

in a certain geographical area, they MSPE was "instrumentally important" other grant programs from the state look first at the institutes of higher in getting SB 233 passed. MSPE mem­ to the University, so if the Appropria­ learning to see what kind of research bers provided the "understanding of tions Committee of the legislature is going on there and what kind of the political process" that no one else decides that adequate funds are not facilities they have." who was concerned could provide. available for the grants, all grants to In 1984, with no end to this prob­ Speaking on the role of the society, the University "shall be reduced pro lem in sight, MSPE members began · Jobe indicated, "We want to educate rata as necessary." Once funds are to work toward a solution. They draft­ the legislature about the plight of the received from the state, the dean's ed the original bill and found spon­ engineering schools and about the office is in charge of seeing that they sors to initiate it in the state legislature. role of the engineer in our 'high tech' are properly distributed to the labora­ They kept the bill going through nu­ society." tories. merous revisions by lobbying, get­ Thanks to involvement on the part To remain competitive with engi­ ting student support and finding ex­ of MSPE, engineering students may neering graduates from other univer­ pert members of private industry to now see some new and working sities in the job market, it is impor­ speak before various legislative com­ equipment in their engineering labs. tant for students at UMC to learn mittees. The revised bill passed both "The Board of Curators has added to how to use modern lab equipment. the House and the Senate by wide their budget request for fiscal year Because MSPE was concerned enough margins which, says Jobe, "is unusu­ 1986-87 a request for funds for labora­ to get involved, the labs at UMC may al for a first time, controversial bill." tory equipment, according to the new begin to better prepare students to After learning that the Governor might law," Kimel said . SB 233 is linked to work in today's "high tech" society. veto the bill, James E. "Bud" Moulder, 1984-85 president of MSPE, request­ ed a special hearing. During this hear­ Tim Popp is a senior from St. Charles, Missouri, double-majoring in Electrical and ing a presentation which quoted na­ Computer Engineering. After graduating in tional trends and testimony from December 1986, Popp would like to work in the members of private industry was giv­ design and marketing of software system s. en to Ashcroft, who then reconsid­ This is hi s first yea r with the Shamrock. Hl' ered and signed the bill. is the Features Editor. William R. Kimel, dean of the UMC College of Engineering, said that

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 11 Laws Observatory: A Colorful History

by Rob Angerer

It's not in the Dobbs Group, and it length of five feet four inches (con­ In January of 1880, the Fitz tele­ doesn't belong to the law school. trasted with the present day tele­ scope and $500 were given to Shelby Laws Observatory resides under that scope's aperture of 16 inches and College in Kentucky in exchange for prominent dome perched atop the focal length of 15 feet). their larger telescope. By the time the Physics Building. A large telescope is In 1865 the University hired Joseph University of Missouri acquired this mounted there, and on clear Friday Ficklin to serve as director of the seven and one half inch (aperture) nights between 8:00 and 10:00 p.m., observatory. Ficklin was also a profes­ telescope, it had already led a pro­ you'll find a number of curious and sor of mathematics, astronomy, and ductive life. Manufactured in 1848 by inquisitive folks there observing the engineering (multidisciplined profes­ Merz and Mahler of Munich, Ger­ wonders of the cosmos. It's open to sors were the norm for this era). The many, it was an excellent instrument the public, so go check it out before observatory was used primarily for for its era, costing $3500 new in Ger­ you go out on the town next Friday! instruction, although Ficklin also ob- many. Merz and Mahler were succes­ Visible from Laws Observatory are sors to the establishment of Fraun­ the moon, planets as distant as Jupiter hofer, a man considered to be an (and its moons) and Saturn, open optical genius, although he is now and globular star clusters, double more remembered for his discovery (binary) stars, a few nebulae, and of absorption lines in the solar spec­ during portions of the 1985-86 view­ trum. The old observatory building ing season, Halley's Comet. was moved to a better site on the Presently, Laws Observatory is only northeast side of campus, the site used for student instruction and for where Neff Hall now stands. A new public viewing sessions, but this hasn't octagonal tower was constructed to always been the case. Dr. Charles accomodate the new, larger telescope. Peterson, Associate Professor of Phys­ The new dome was of a more mod­ ics at UMC, has written an informal ern design, as it rotated on six wheels history of astronomy at the University. File Photo which ran on a circular iron rail. In tracing through the history of Laws Movement of the dome was accom­ Observatory from hi s accounts, one One hundred twenty years and three plished by turning a handcrank that is taken through two World Wars, relocations later, Laws Observatory was geared to th e dome. The arrival and provided with insights into the now resides atop the Physics Building of the new telescope was greeted history of the University and the peo­ on College Avenue. with acclaim. The Columbia STATES­ ple who've shaped it. served the meridian altitudes of the MAN bragged in March of 1880 that The original observatory was one sun and stars in order to determine at the time of its purchase by Shelby of the first to be built west of the an approximate latitude and longi­ College, it was the fourth largest tele­ Allegheny Mountains, and for many tude for the observatory. scope in America. The paper did not yea rs it was the only astronomical observatory west of the Mississippi Ri ver. The original building s tood where the Engineering Complex now Robert Angerer is a first yea r writer fur the stands and was completed in 1853 at Shamrock from Jefferson City. He is currently a a cost of $1150. The tower which senior in electrical engineering, and plans to pursue a g raduate degree in either business or housed the telescope was 15 feet high law. Rob is a member of Phi Gamma Delta social and was topped by a cone which fraternity, Eta Kappa Nu honorary fraternity. revolved on solid " lignum vitae" and is c urrently serving as vice president of wooden balls. The telescope was built Engineering Student Council. He enj oys golf, racque by Fitz of New York t sports, snow skiing. and "outta' hand and had an parties." aperture of four inches and a focal

Page 12 Missouri SHAMROCK PAOf' ESSOI\, DO 90l.t NO ... I "THINK IT5 Sf"E HALJ.£'41! HER AOOMMlfT~. \

Car/0011 /1_11 Tad Gal/io11 note that in 1880, when UMC re­ much work in the observatory as I but apparently some funds were ceived the telescope, there were 24 wished to do. However, some system­ earned. When the U.S. Naval Obser­ larger instruments in the United States atic observations extending through vatory agreed to supply free time alone. With the new telescope and a period of several weeks were made service to the Western Union Tele­ refurbished observatory and proba­ on Hartwig's Comet and Swift's Com­ graph Company, which in turn would bly some fudging on evaluation, the et with the aid of my assistants." In provide time service on a commercial newspaper further claimed, "The val­ this year, 1881, Thomas J. Lowry, basis to the whole country, the local ue of the University property is now professor of engineering, was listed observatories lodged a number of for­ greater than that of Yale College . .." as one of the assistants. Ficklin was mal protests with the Secretary of the The funds paid to Shelby College and to later obtain several more assistants, Navy. This, however, was a fight the the $2000 necessary to move and over­ thus making the observation of sun- local observatories were destined to haul the observatory were paid by lose. the President of the University, Sam­ (President of the In July of 1890, Professor of Mathe­ uel Spahr Laws. He feared the tele­ matics and Astronomy Milton Upde­ scope would be lost had the Universi­ University) Samuel S. graff replaced Joseph Ficklin as direc­ ty waited to gain an appropriation of Laws paid to move & tor of Laws Observatory. Updegraff funds by the Board of Curators or by was forced to spend his first month the state legislature, and so he paid overhaul the cleaning and repairing the instruments the $2500 out of his own pocket. The Observatory out of his in the observatory. One major item in "new" observatory was justly named need of replacement was the 45 year "Laws Observatory," a deserved trib­ own pocket. old objective lens of the Merz tele­ ute to President Laws' interest and scope. Since its construction, both dedication to the University. spots, solar prominences, comets and the manufacturing techniques for glass Much of the work at the Laws planets a more regular affair. and the figuring of lenses had im­ Observatory during the 1880's in­ During this era, local astronomical proved significantly. The year 1891 volved training students how to use observatories provided accurate time saw the installation of Richard H. the equipment to determine latitude signals for the local standardization Jesse as the University's president, and local time from astronomical of clocks. After the designation of and he set out to revitalize the Univer­ observations. Ficklin wrote, "Much national time zones, there was a move­ sity of Missouri after some distur­ of my time during my last vacation ment to centralize time service and in bances in the Laws administration. was occupied in adjusting the new 1890 such an effort began. There are Updegraff requested $600 from Jesse's telescope. My time and energies have no records showing what income the administration for the professional been so heavily taxed by class work, Laws Observatory derived from pro­ upgrading of the lens, but he was that I have not been able to do as viding a time service to the local area, refused, so he suggested that a local

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 13 man might be able to do the job more the Observatory Library, with about cheaply. Updegraff wrote, "Mr. R. B. 600 books acquired through gifts and Gans of Boone County is well known purchases. His second major effort and has a telescope at his farm (six was the observation of comets, soon miles from Columbia) which he made followed by a photometric program there himself and which is almost as on variable stars. His work was pub­ large as ours and superior to it in lished in several popular astronomi­ quality, and with a xood lens ... we cal publications of the day, mostly as should have a good telescope." Some an indication of merit and outside funds were granted in Jesse's first interest in Seares' work, but also due year, but they were not sufficient to in part to a bit of self-promotion. In replace the old lens. Updegraff's 1907 the observatory acquired a new work was strongly disrupted for a four and one half inch (aperture) year and a half after the destruction telescope made by the late R. B. Gans. of the main University administration This gift was apparently a fine tele­ building in January of 1892. Most of scope, as it was used for the major the observatory building was used portion of the observatory work. With for classrooms as were any other the addition of a new classroom and facilities available in Columbia, and a coal furnace, for the first time the Updegraff was forced to work at observatory also became reasonably home. Updegraff preferred to do ob­ comfortable during the cold winter Photo by Charles Williams servational work but his time was months. Seares was a definite asset largely occupied in teaching mathe­ to the University of Missouri. Under The major telescope at Laws Observa­ matics and astronomy. He soon grew his direction the course in astronomy tory is a Schmidt-Cassegrain optical disillusioned with the University and became an important scientific study. design manufactured by the Celestron accepted a job at the U.S. Naval In an era in which research was not Corp. in 1967. Magnifying powers in Observatory. considered an important part of the the range of 50-SOOX can be achieved. Updegraff's successor was Freder­ duties of a professor, Seares built his ick Sea res, and his tenure was consid­ reputation for research using the lim­ ered to be the height of astronomical ited facilities of Laws Observatory, activities at the University, both in without neglecting his academic teaching and in research. Between duties. Astronomical courses still the years 1901-1909, both his work played a required role in the curricu­ and Laws Observatory received inter­ lum for engineering degrees, and been increasingly impaired due to national recognition. Many of the shortly before he left Columbia for the growth of trees nearby, hence the problems about which Updegraff so the Mount Wilson Observatory in need for a new location. One of the persistently had complained would California, Seares published a text possibilities considered was to obtain continue, but fortunately Seares' ten­ book entitled Practical Astronomy for the facilities of the old Morrison Ob­ ure occurred during a significantly Engineers. servatory at Pritchett College in Glas­ more favorable period financially, an Robert Baker was chosen as Seares' cow, Missouri. The college was in financial trouble and had a much larger 12 inch telescope that Baker hoped would be up for sale. The The year 1914 brought WWI to Europe, and budget Board of Curators authorized Baker and Vice President C. B. Rollins to reductions nearly forced the University to close secure the transfer of the Morrison its doors in the fall. Equipment. Unfortunately, legalities concerning trust funds at Pritchett College bound things up, and conse­ quently, the Morrison equipment ended up in Fayette. Baker's further era that would be long remembered successor in 1911 . Almost from his attempts to develop a more substan­ as a "Golden Age". This was due in arrival, Baker initiated efforts to im­ tial observatory were doomed by part to new taxes levied for the prove the facilities of the Laws Obser­ circumstances beyond his control. The University. Seares was also willing vatory in a major way by obtaining a year 1914 brought World War I to and able to work under the prevail­ larger telescope to be located away Europe, although Americans were de­ ing conditions. One of Seares' imme­ from the main part of campus. The termined to stay uninvolved. State diate successes was improvement of effectiveness of the observatory had finances went bad and the University's

Page 14 Missouri SHAMROCK budget was reduced to the extent name was a handicap when attempt­ telescope are being damaged." A com­ that rumors spread the University ing to solicit private donations, which plaint in 1933 refers to the golf course might not open in the fall. Neverthe­ now seemed the only hope of acquir­ people who used the observatory for less, $15,000 dollars was appropriat­ ing a telescope suitable for modern changing clothes, as it was closer to ed for construction of a new observa­ work. the golf links than was the clubhouse. tory between the years 1915-1919. Under Baker, research had contin­ Also the basement was being used by Inflation and the war effort had in­ ued at Laws Observatory, but at a the maintenance department to store creased the cost of living by a factor lesser level than under Seares. Baker fertilizer-"its offensive odor is per- of two. The old observatory was then the oldest building on campus, and it was finally demolished to make way for Neff Hall. The new observatory ... the golfers used the Observatory for changing was constructed on the south side of the golf course between the "fifth clothes, as it was closer to the golf course than and seventh links" (today this site is was the clubhouse. a University Hospital and Clinic park­ ing lot). The new building, complet­ ed in late 1920, was substantial and contained additional rooms for class use, an office, and for photographic left Missouri for the University of mealing the building," Haynes said. work space. Still being a bit short on Illinois, where he wrote a textbook This extended period of neglect funds, shortcuts had to be taken. The which became the standard introduc­ beginning with the new observatory old observatory dome, the source of tory astronomical text for nearly the was a reflection on the state of the Updegraff's persistent complaints a next three decades. Eli Haynes re­ University. During the 1920's, the Uni­ quarter of a century earlier, was kept placed Baker, and almost immediate­ versity was not well supported, part­ and mounted on the new building, ly wrote to the Dean of Arts and ly because the administration did not and the basement was left unfinished. Sciences that the old dome was "very press its case under the leadership of The name was changed to the Univer­ cumbersome and renders the use of President Stratton D. Brooks and part­ sity of Missouri Observatory. This the telescope exceedingly difficult. It ly because of the failure of state gov­ was done because University officials also leaks copiously with every hard ernment to support higher education. felt an observatory bearing a man's rain so that both the building and the Thus, the University entered a period of stagnation. President Brooks was relieved of duty in 1930, and by then the effects of the Depression were being felt. The worst academic year was 1933-34, after which economic conditions began to improve. Middle­ bush was now president and he rec­ ognized the need to revitalize the University in all aspects. Haynes was still director of the observatory, but he recommended no more than con­ tinued maintenance of the present observatory and made no attempt to upgrade the facilities. After World War II, enrollment soared from about 5000 to 11,450 in 1947-48. The Federal Housing Authori­ ty took control of the observatory, and federal employees were allowed to use the observatory for its offices. Under their occupancy, damage oc­ curred to the telescope and other equipment, and when they left cam­ pus in 1950, the observatory furni­ Plioto by Cliar/cs Williams ture left with them. These people This lightweight, rotating dome on the roof of the Physics Building encloses were replaced by a nurse and a kin­ the main telescope. dergarten for the children of married co11ti1111ed 011 pa,\!t' 24 Missouri SHAMROCK Page 15 Engineering Designated Home of Three Research Centers

by Myron Graessle

Three new engineering research graphic computers that cost from The faculty at these research cen­ centers were recently approved on seventy-five to one-hundred thousand ters are leaders in their fields. Sudar­ the University of Missouri-Columbia dollars," said Eric Sandgren, assistant shan Loyalka, Professor of nuclear campus. The establishment of the director of the Design Productivity engineering and director of the Partic­ Power Electronics Center, the Particu­ Center. ulate Systems Center said, "UMC is late Systems Research Center and the Design Productivity Center is a move by UMC which follows the lead of universities around the country by bridging the gap between academic research and industrial applications. Industry provides most of the fund­ ing and also takes an active role in the research at the centers. Professors, graduate students and undergraduates all have roles in the centers. They work at the forefront of their research areas. "This helps the average student by keeping rele­ vancy in the classroom," explained Richard Hoft, professor of electrical and computer engineering and direc­ tor of the Power Electronics Center. "A professor on the leading edge of research is able to tell what the field is like now, not how it was like a few years ago." "There are many good reasons to establish research centers," Hoft added. "The result is good visibility for the college of engineering and UMC. This enables us to be able to recruit the top graduate students. Companies are more willing to fund Plloto /1y Charles William s projects in an established center be­ Richard Hoft adjusts the electronic power drive, used in research at the Power cause they see the long term commit­ Electronics Center. ment being made." Another benefit to students is new, modem facilities paid for by industry. "Industry has supplied the mechani­ cal engineering department with new

Page 16 Missouri SHAMROCK an excellent example where the re­ search center has many experts in areas basic to the particulate systems field. They have been brought togeth­ er to focus on research pertaining to problems of national concern."

Power Electronics Center "Power electronics deals with the conversion and control of power. We want a device that can handle a lot of power," stated Hoft. Two faculty members and ten to fifteen graduate students are currently conducting re­ search in this area. One major item of current research is the variable frequency AC motor drive. This makes it possible to con­ trol the speed of an electric motor, which is more reliable than a DC motor. Current applications are elec­ tric trains in Japan and Europe and modern subway systems in the Unit­ ed States. Robotics also needs the fine control and accuracy of the elec­ tric motor. A second project is uninterruptible Photo by Charles Williams power supplies (UPS). These supply ABOVE: emergency power in case of failure. Sudarshan Loyalka, director of the Particulate Airlines and hospitals use UPS sys­ Systems Center, measures the condensation and tems to guarantee their computers coagulation of particles. will have a constant power supply. Hospitals also need constant power Other research evolves around cre­ Faculty from nuclear, chemical, me­ for operating rooms and life support ating microprocessor controls as chanical and electrical engineering, systems. "brains" for power electronics. Fu­ physics and chemistry work together. "We consider ourselves the leaders ture areas of research include new This diversity will help the center in variable frequency AC drives and high power semi-conductors which form a unified theory and applica­ UPS systems," Hoft said. Research is will replace the transistors that are tions for use in industry. currently being used. New mathemati­ "Two reasons for this research are cal techniques are being developed to to increase the competitiveness of "Companies are more aid in the analysis of power systems. industry and to research problems of willing to fund national concern such as nuclear winter," Loyalka added. Industry can projects in an be helped by improved processes Particulate Systems Center established center which control tiny contaminants in The Particulate Systems Center is the air. The manufacturing of silicon, because they see the investigating processes involving tiny silicon nitride and carbon fibers in­ long term commitment particles in gases or liquids. Industry volves particulate systems. Improve­ and science use these processes exten­ ments in processing control of partic­ being made." sively, especially in manufacturing, ulate systems can save industry bil­ pollution control and the area of nu­ lions of dollars each year. clear reactor safety. The government is very interested directed toward industry and com­ "We will use large scale computing in this research because of its applica­ mercial applications. He added, "We to put together the overall picture of tions to nuclear reactor safety, nucle­ want to increase the quality and com­ particulate systems," Loyalka said. ar winter research and acid rain. Nu­ petitiveness of U.S. products in the "We are working with aerosols to clear reactors generate radiation which world." create new and improved processes." must be controlled and monitored.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 17 Dust in the a ir from the explosion of nuclear weapons ca n ca use nuclear winters. These dust p articles bl ock the s unlight fr om w arming the earth. Coal-burning plants a lso cause pollu­ tants that lead t o acid rain . "Currently the Particulate Systems Center i s competing fo r funds from the National Science Founda tion (NSF)," Loyalka explained . " Particu­ late Systems Center faculty have indi­ vidual grants from N SF and industry now." The creation of the center adds visibility a nd a unified purpose. In­ dustry a nd government w ill then re­ spond with additional support.

Design Productivity Center " We a re trying to find out why things are designed the way they P/roto /Jy C/r ar/es Will ia ms are," Sa ndgren explained . " We a re Eric Sandgren, assistant director of the Design Productiv ity Center, sharpens trying to a dd more creati vity through the picture on the graphic computer screen. the use of the computer." The Design Productivity Center focuses on the entire design process. This promises to help U.S. industry. " Our center i s different from others because of our emphasis o n d esign . I d on't think system . When h e makes a mistake, ing new design m ethods in a real anyone pays attention to design . (The the computer recognizes it and helps world applica tion," Sandgren said. America n industry) n eed s to remain correct it. "The company w ill have a product competitive in this area. We a re still Researchers are a lso working o n a free from prejudices in its design the leaders in new ideas. The prob­ project called d esign fo r latitude. This system ." lem lies in the fo llow-up." considers tolerances and restrictions If successful , this research will in­ ri ght fr om the start to insure a uni­ crease the producti vity o f U.S. indus­ General M otors s ponsors a large fo rm product. Design fo r latitude re­ try by speeding the design process scale s tructural optimization project, sults in higher quality a t a lower cost. and insuring the best m ethod of pro­ the largest of the center. Its goal is to In the future the center may design duction from start to fini sh. A r esult design a lightweight vehicle in a short a product fo r a particular company. of this research could be more U.S. amount of time. Currently, U.S. auto "This will benefit the center b y test- jobs. engineers take fo ur to fi ve years to design a ca r. Japanese workers de­ sign ca rs in three years. Myron Graessle is a senior ma1onng in Parallel processing speed s the de­ Industrial Engineering. Ori ginally from St. sign process by looking a t the w hole Charles, MO, this is his first semester with the Shamrock. Curr design at once. Many industries de­ ently Graessle is a math tutor fo r the Lea rning Center, a member of sign one part first and then start the Delta Sigma Phi social fraternity, and a member next one. An engineer u sing parallel of Ta u Beta Pi , the national engineering honor processing designs many parts at once society. After graduati on, he plans to work in and avoids changing a part after its industry and attend graduate schoo l. design . This results in significa nt sav­ ings of time a nd money.

The center i s develuping soft ware to help the computer solve errors as they are made. This helps w hen an operator i s not fa milia r with the

Page 18 Missouri SHAMROCK ORGANIZATIONS======

Engineering Student Council

by Rob Angerer

The Engineering Student Council (ESC) held its annual bar-b-que Friday, September 13 at Burford Shelter in Cosmopolitan Park. Over 140 stu­ dents and faculty came to indulge in the abundance of dogs, suds, burgers, and fun. Music and softball were the sport of the day. President of ESC Rick Hanley said, "The Engineering Student Council sponsors this every Photo /Jy Mark DeY0 1111g year as a kind of student/faculty back­ Both faculty and students came to enjoy ESC's annual bar-b-que held in to-school mixer and bar-b-que. It's mid-September. really a fun way to spend a Friday afternoon . . . and only two bucks for all of the burgers and brew you tion immediately following in the Jes­ tal Improvement Fund, and a commit­ can consume!" se Hall Foyer. We are honored to tee has been set up to appropriate Another of ESC's primary responsi­ have William Cornelius, President of these funds. ESC is currently writing bilities is to organize and oversee the Union Electric Company, as our a proposal and drawing up a plan Graduating Seniors Recognition Con­ speake r. All engineers are cordially and design to submit for review. If vocation. This ceremony began some invited to bring their family and ESC's proposal is approved, the work 16 years ago in response to the many friends to this event. will be done by the Physical Plant, students who expressed a desire for a Ever sat on those cold, hard steps UMC's own maintenance and con­ more personalized event to supple­ at the front entrance of the Engineer­ struction division. ESC will keep you ment the campus graduation cere­ ing Complex? Well, ESC is currently posted of any further project details mony. Convocation allows the Col­ pursuing a project to install benches through the SHAMROCK. lege of Engineering to personally rec­ on either side of the steps. It will ESC also sponsors a free telephone ognize outstanding professors and probably include some new founda­ in case you've just spent your last students in their respective disciplines. tion work and some general landscap­ twenty cents. It is located on the The engineers were the first to begin ing of the immediate area. According bottom floor of the Engineering Build­ a recognition ceremony, and it has to engineering Dean William R. Kimel, ing across from the interviewing grown into a fine tradition here at " ... the money for such projects is rooms. UMC, with many other divisions ini­ out there, and it will be spent some­ If you are interested in joining the tiating similar ceremonies. This where on campus this year. ESC's Engineering Student Council, submit semester's Convocation will be held challenge is to attract some of it to petitions next spring semester. Infor­ Saturday, December 14 at 2:00 p .m. in engineering." The necessary funds mational flyers giving the details will Jesse Hall Auditorium, with a recep- are contained in the Student Fee Capi- be posted at that time.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 19 trade market is currently being attrib­ nationwide. uted to the lack of quality in the U.S. Missouri Alpha, the chapter of the manufactured products, emphasis is University of Missouri-Columbia, was now being placed on this field due to established on November 15, 1902 the current position in which the and became the tenth Tau Beta Pi United States finds itself. chapter. Currently, there are 51 mem­ If you are interested in becoming a bers of Missouri Alpha. Each mem­ student member, feel free to call one ber was by John Tierney selected upon the dual criter­ of the officers below for an applica­ ia of superior scholarship and exem­ tion and/or information concerning plary character. Student Chapter 135 of the Society the society. Missouri Alpha will hold its fall of Manufacturing Engineers at UMC Chairman: initiation on November 19, 1985 at was chartered in September 1983 along John Tierney 445-2227 Green Chapel. Following our initia­ with the Columbia senior chapter to Vice-Chairman: tion ceremony, chapter officers: Scott help bring a better awareness and Tom Tremain 449-7824 Wilcox-President, William McDougal­ understanding of manufacturing and Secretary: Vice-President, Christopher Bozada­ its components to engineering stu­ Frank Rodgers 445-3224 Secretary, Michael Zucker-Treasurer, dents. At the same time, it offers the Treasurer: Deborah Jensen-Correspondence student a possible new career direc­ Heidi Snelling 443-3260 Secretary, and Sharyn Lewis-Card Cat­ tion. Academic Advisor: aloguer will host a reception for initi­ SME is not affiliated with any par­ Dr. C. Alec Chang 882-2691 ates and their guests to commemorate ticular engineering department since the occasion. the manufacturing field requires engi­ During October 3-5, 1985, alumni neering input of all facets. As a mem­ TAU and student members of Tau Beta Pi ber paying $10 annual dues, a student gathered in Lehigh Pennsylvania to receives a wide array of benefits in­ BETA celebrate the Centennial during our cluding a technical library, confer­ 80th annual meeting. Featured speak­ ences and exhibitions, employment ers included Dr. Isaac Asimov, Amer­ assistance, and continued member­ PI ica's most prolific author. A plaque ship as a professional. The student was presented to Lehigh University also receives a subscription to "Manu­ The Tau Beta Pi Association Inc., to mark the Centennial. facturing Engineering." The student the national honor society, will cele­ Anyone interested in learning more chapter at UMC offers the opportuni­ brate its Centennial this year. The about Tau Beta Pi should call Scott ty for students to be involved in a Association was founded in 1885 at Wilcox (445-5297) or Chris Bozada professional organization as a stu­ Lehigh University "to mark in a fit­ (445-8739). dent leader or member, attend plant ting manner those who conferred hon­ tours, hear guest speakers, partici­ or upon their Alma Mater by distin­ pate in a scholarship and technical guished scholarship and exemplary Editor's ote: A11_11 e11gi11ecri11g society who wants material p11/1/ished paper program, and have the chance character as undergraduates 011 the in engi­ "Orga11i::.atic111s page" ,l,011/d s11/J111il to interact with true professionals neering, or by their attainments as art1cles to the Slra111rock· 111ailbox-Roo111 through the senior chapter. alumni in the field of engineering, 203 Electrical E11si11ceri11g /111ild111s. Remember, it should be stressed and to foster a spirit of liberal culture Feel free lo contact tire editor Jiir i11- that SME is an organization for all in engineering colleges." for111atw11 co11cemi11s dead/me~. p11/,. lishi111: date, and stoT11 cc111/e11I. engineering departments. Manufac­ In 100 years, The Tau Beta Pi has initiat­ Slra111~od: n•~en•c•~ tire nglrt to edit turing is a vast area in the engineer­ ed over 290,000 members. There are all s11/1111itted 111atcrial. ing field. As the imbalance in the now 192 active collegiate chapters

Page 20 Missouri SHAMROCK Career Day. This annual event brings Society representatives from several major companies to the UMC campus to of Women speak to engineering students about job opportunities on a one-to-one Engineers basis. Also, panel discussions inform listeners on the best way to acquire • by Phil Bennett these jobs. This day provides an excel­ lent chance for students to become by Chrissa Pavlopoulos In April the Missouri Student Sec­ aware of job availabilities without the tion of the American Society of formality and tension of an interview. Mechanical Engineers will be hosting The UMC chapter of the Society of This year's Career Day was held Octo­ the annual MOAK conference. Women Engineers (SWE) was named ber 18. MOAK, which stands for Missouri, the regional outstanding chapter for The previous year was quite suc­ Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Kansas, is 1984-1985. This award was presented cessful for the Society of Women an opportunity for ASME students to former president Connie Crandall Engineers and the organization looks from each state to give oral presen­ at the SWE national convention held forward to even greater success this tations on technical, economic, and in Minneapolis, Minnesota this past year. Senior Debby Jensen presides related subjects in competition for summer. According to Connie, "The over a fired-up new staff, a number cash prizes. award was earned because officers, of enthusiastic women, and even a Prizes range from $25 for fifth place members, and our sponsor, Dr. Rex few interested men. Why would a to $200 for first place with the chance Waid, wanted to have successful man join SWE? For the same reason to compete at the national level. Na­ projects and worked hard to produce that a woman would. According to tional prizes range from $500 to $1000. them." junior Tom Holt, "SWE offers a lot of If you have an interest in presenting One such project is the "Resume professional opportunities that I your ideas, now is the time to begin. Book." Resumes are gathered from couldn't find in other engineering For those ME's with a literary flair, members and compiled into a single organizations." the Arthur L. Williston contest may be booklet which is distributed to major for you. Papers on the interaction of companies across the nation. This engineering and society and the fos­ publication benefits the students by tering of civil service are judged each circulating their names and goals year, and a $1000 prize is awarded among prospective employers. It also the winner. The deadline for entry is benefits companies by supplying them March 1. with a reference to students who ASME offers students the chance to may fill their job needs. begin their careers by joining a pro­ An additional project that SWE is fessional engineering society. It in­ introducing to its members this year forms members of recent develop­ is the Big Sister/Little Sister program. The annual IEEE blood drive will ments in mechanical engineering Each freshman and sophomore mem­ be held December 5th. Last year IEEE through publications, field trips and ber is paired with an upper division had a goal of seventy-five units and meetings. ASME strives to promote woman student enrolled in the same were only able to contribute sixty­ fellowship and interaction between discipline. The junior or senior stu­ eight units. A goal of seventy-five students and professional sectors of dent serves as an advisor on classes, units has again been set for this year's the society. If you are interested in teachers, and any opportunities which blood drive. Everyone please come to membership, in MOAK, or in the their little sister may be unaware of. the EE Building, December 5th, to Williston paper, contact Dr. Sandgren, SWE's most recognized project is help break the seventy-five unit goal. Dr. Wollersheim, or an ASME officer.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 21 The Superconducting Phenomenon and Engineering Applications

by Phil Bennett

For the past two decades, supercon­ virtually no loss through SC lines. In ductivity has been intensively investi­ 1974, the University of Wisconsin com­ gated both for an understanding of pleted a design for electrical power how it operates and for potential storage using superconducting mag­ engineering applications. nets 150 meters in diameter, capable Superconductivity is a phenome­ of storing 1000 MWH of electricity non in some metals and alloys charac­ for delivery during peak demand terized by the absence of electrical periods, roughly equivalent to one resistivity once current is established. hour of operation at the Calloway This phenomenon, discovered by nuclear facility. A somewhat smaller Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911, is present unit has been built and been in opera­ in two distinct groups of materials. tion on the Bonneville power grid Group I consists of approximately 20 (Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Mon­ elements including Mercury, Alumi­ tana, parts of Utah and California) num, and Tellurium. Group II con­ for several years. The area of power sists of compounds such as Niobium­ generation may also benefit from SC titanium and Niobium-zirconium. A technology. Magnetohydrodynamic wire or an array of compound fila­ (MHD) thrustors and generators can ments is embedded in a pure copper utilize SC principles, intensifying the sheath or matrix, as these compounds magnetic fields through which cur­ are brittle and difficult to manage. rent-carrying gasses pass, thus in­ Superconductivity is currently ob­ creasing efficiency. Nuclear fusion served at temperatures very near to containment may ultimately be at­ absolute zero (~59 to ~23°F). Such tained using magnetic fields from SC extreme cooling is normally accom­ magnets, providing a power source plished using liquid helium (~50°F) which is inexpensive to fuel and has for heat removal. Photo uy Charles Williams less hazardous waste than current The superconducting characteristic processes. Research in the fusion con­ These special magnet coils will be lends itself to many applications. Ac­ placed in containers and emersed in tainment area is currently underway cording to Dr. Robert Carter, profes­ at the University of Missouri under liquid helium (-45ff F). The alloy then sor of electrical and nuclear engineer­ the direction of Dr. Mark Prelas. becomes superconducting, generating ing at UMC, computer memory matri­ high-intensity magnetic fields with When a superconductor returns to ces employing superconducting sheets normal conductivity, the process is higher current densities. have been tested. Better lenses for known as a "quench". A quench may lasers and high-resolution electron be caused by an excess in current microscopes are possible using high is an application of SC magnets cur­ density, magnetic field, or temp­ strength magnetic fields from com­ rently employed by the medic

Page 22 Missouri SHAMROCK Theory to break-up and re-form easily. Sec­ To understand the mechanism be­ ondly, the maximum possible num­ hind superconductivity, one must de­ ber of pairs will be formed . In the scend to the atomic level. Although absence of an applied electric field, diamagnetism is thought to play a the total linear momentum = 0. major roll in superconductivity, this The power industry Finally, in the presence of an electric discussion will be limited to the holds diverse field, every pair will move through Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer (BCS) the field with the same momentum, theory. opportunities for eliminating random scatterings. The Quantum physics comes into play superconductor effect is much like a piston moving in the Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer through a well-lubricated cylinder. If (BCS) theory. Electrons in a current a pplica tions. there is a "pit" in the conductor/cyl­ moving through a superconductor in­ inder, an electron will break off and teract with the crystal lattice structure "fill" it, its abandoned partner free to of the material. With the passing of form another bond. Electrons will the first electron, a coulombic attrac­ thus move in a friction-free conductor, tion with ions in the lattice produces Iambic force. This effect leads to the or superconductor, with virtually no a momentum transfer to and sets up concept of "Cooper Pairs". net energy loss. an oscillation in the positive charge Cooper pairs require several condi­ Through the application of the Coo­ density of the lattice known as a tions under which to form. First, the per pair concept of the BCS theory, "phonon". This interaction is analo­ temperature must be low to limit the one may acquire a better understand­ gous to a spring, depressed by the random thermal lattice vibrations in­ ing of the superconducting phe­ passing of the electron. As the sec­ terfering with phonon momentum nomenon. Engineering students could ond electron passes the oscillating transfer. A strong electron/phonon find scores of opportunities to apply lattice, the "spring" releases, and all attraction must also exist. For ideal knowledge in heat transfer, material of the stored momentum is transfer­ conditions to exist, a very large num­ sciences, electrical power, optics, and red from the phonon to the passing ber of electrons must be available to structure analysis to the area of super­ electron. The net effect is that mo­ form pairs. Finally, each pair of elec­ conductivity. A technology of the mentum is exchanged between the trons must have "antiparallel" spins. future, Dr. Carter suggests we have a two passing electrons, and the attrac­ Cooper pairs have characteristics "knowledge of superconductivity to tion between the electrons thus caused critical to superconductivity. First, the the extent that it can be applied if and can be greater than the repulsive cou- bonding is weak, allowing the pairs when the need arises."

Phil Bennett, Technical Editor of the Sltn111rock , is a senior in mechanical engineering. After studying one year in Munich, Germany, he has returned to complete his BSME at UMC. In addition to serving as Technical Editor of the Shamrock, Bennett is vice-chairman of ASME and a member of Phi Kappa Phi . Tau Beta Pi, and Pi Tau Sigma honor societies. After graduation in May, he intends to pursue a career in research and development.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 23 Observatory continued from page 15

students, and janitorial supplies occu­ lie viewing sessions, it is a far cry dECTRONic pied the basement. Shortly before his from state-of-the-art, and doesn't al­ AlpltA lAbs. retirement, Haynes implored Dean low research of any appreciable mag­ ESTABLISHED 1975 Elmer Ellis to restore use of the obser­ nitude. vatory to the Astronomy Department. STOCKING Truly amazing! Within the last several decades, the specialties ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS When Richard Levee arrived in of radio astronomy, infra­ 1952, he inherited all of the mainte­ red astronomy, gamma-ray and X-ray (or IC'S nance problems. He imaginatively be­ ~igh energy) astronomy, space physics, astrogeology, and other DTL,TTL, LS,S,HC,HCT, C,H,L gan to consider the use of a silo for fields have developed which closely tie to­ an observatory dome! A silo top would TRANSISTORS ~ether traditional astronomy with only cost $300-$400, but with the prop­ 2N, TIP, MPS, MJE, MJ fields of modern physics. Many er modifications, the sum became a of the most significant scientific prohibitive $3200-foiled again. Ulti­ advanc­ RESISTORS es of recent years have occurred as an ¼W, ¼W, o/aW, 1W, mately, by the middle 1960's, the site 2W, and higher outgrowth of attempts to explain was wanted for the University Hos­ phe­ nomena originally CAPACITORS pital's parking lot. discovered by as­ tron~m~rs mica, film, chip, disk. electrolytic The Department of Physics had . To cite a few examples, grav1tatJonal now inherited the observatory, but physics has undergone a renaissance due to attempts KITS • Bread Bo.irds • Connerton funds for repairs were once again to de­ tect gravitational waves from cosmo­ and Computer Supplies unavailable. As a result, access to the logical sources; the detection of neu­ Laws Observatory was given to vari­ tron stars has spurred efforts Digital Service aind Repair ous other university personnel, and to un­ derstand during this time a fair fraction of the the behavior of matter at high densities and temperatures; remaining equipment and instruments the existence of black holes has an disappeared. The remnants, includ­ impor­ tant relation ing the telescope, were salvaged be­ to study of physical con­ 4lp'1A EIECIRONiC IAb\. ditions under relativistic conditions; m. fore its demolition in 1969. 2302 Oakland Gravel Rd . the solar neutrino problem may ulti­ 314/874- 1514 Columbia, MO 65202 . !he present Laws Observatory fa­ mately c1hty was opened in 1967 upon com­ be solved only by a revision of pletion of the new Physics Building. ideas of elementary particle physics; Three new telescopes were purchased and indeed, the present nature and dynamical behavior of the from the Celestron Corporation (keep universe as a whole in the present era in mind, a new telescope hadn't been is now purchased since 1880!). · The largest, r~cognized to depend on the proper­ ties purchased at a cost of $9300, is housed of nuclei and elementary parti­ cles whose in a standard observatory dome on behavior dominated the first the southwest area of the roof of the half hour of the cosmic expansion. In summary, the future of a major Physics Building. This large telescope portion has an aperture of 16 inches, and a of physical science implies an evergrowing interaction between focal length of 15 feet. The two small­ as­ tronomers and physicists. er telescopes of 10 inch aperture are mounted on concrete piers on the The quality of the UMC Physics roof adjacent to the dome. Terry program (as a whole) has grown ~dwards, Associate Professor of Phys­ significantly in the last few years. ics and Astronomy, is currently the Much funding is still needed, how­ director of Laws Observatory. While ever, i~ the department is to keep this observatory is a fine vehicle for pace w~th the everchanging develop­ instruction and a great place for pub- ments m the astronomical world.

Page 24 Missouri SHAMROCK Keep a piece of the Columns • • •

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Cut out and mail with check to: Missouri Shamrock 1020 Engineering Complex University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia, MO 65211 Sound like sci ti? It's as close as If you 're fascinated by robotics, the your first career move. Because at new frontier is happening at GE. See Your Future GE. we're already using robots like We not only design, build and sell these, for jobs that require decision robotic systems- we're using them as much as precision. in bold, new ways. Robots are an Through the Eyes integral part of GE manufacturing When GE adds vision capability to processes, for everything from of a Robot lasers and off line programming, lightbulbs to locomotives. robotics takes a giant leap forward. Just on the horizon are GE sight­ So consider your future through Lisa Dickson does! She's helping equipped robots that guide the eyes of today's most exciting GE create tomorrow's robot sys­ themselves through intricate laser technologies. If you 're that rare tems. With "smart" robots that can welding. What next? Tactile sensor individual whose excellence is actually see, touch, and sense heat pads to enhance GE robots with driven by the power of imagination, or cold. "Adaptive" robots that can super-human dexterity And you 'II find room with a view at GE. measure how well they're doing a computer brains tor "trouble­ job, or reprogram themselves in shooting " robots whose thought moments to take on new processes come close to human A If you can dream it assignments. intuition! V' you can do it

General Electric is 1111 equal opportunity fJffll)luve(. • A l9QiSlet8d l1ad8marl< ol General Electric Company. Missouri 0 The UMC College of Engineering Student Magazine

William R. Kimel announces his retirement as dean after 18 years

,

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1986 Engineer's Week 1986 SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES March 1- 8

Saturday Road Rally (1:00 pm - parking lot behind Engineering Complex)

Sunday 5000 Meter Run (morning) Volleyball Tournament (1 pm - location to be announced)

Monday First "Shillelagh Hunt" Clue (Dean's Office) Campus Stunt (10:40 am Francis Quadrangle) Fun and Frolics (7:00 pm Middlebush Auditorium-King Skits, Beard Contest, Auction)

Tuesday "Professor for a Day" Luncheon (11:45 am N208 Memorial Union) Egg Catapult (2:30 pm Education Auditorium)

Wednesday "Professor for a Day" Luncheon (11:45 am N208 Memorial Union) Queen Skits (7:30 pm Middlebush Auditorum)

Thursday Engineers Bar-8-Q (4:00 pm Sunrise Optimist Club)

Friday Knighting Ceremony (5:00 pm Francis Quadrangle) Honor Award Banquet (6:45 pm N210-202 Memorial Union) Lab Exhibits (Engr. Complex and EE Building)

Saturday Lab Exhibits (9:00-10:00 am) Alumni Association Meeting (10:00-12:00 noon) Alumni Luncheon (12:15 pm Hawthorn Rm. Memorial Union) Green Tea (2:00-4:00 pm - Chancellor's Residence) St. Pat's Ball (9:00 pm - 1 :00 am - Tiger Hotel - Coronation at 10:30) Missouri SHAMROCK On the Cover The UMC College of Engineering Magazine

Jan./Feb., 1986 Vol. 79 No. 2 contents

_\\,U..•lt ...... From the Editor's Desk ...... 2 .....~-· , ,.~ ... Power Upgrade and Advanced Research at UMC Nuclear Reactor ...... 3

The End of an Era 6

See story page 6. Organizations ...... 10

Engineering Building Addition is University's Number One Construction Priority ...... 12

E.I.T. Exam: The Road to Engineering The Mi souri hamrock is published three times annually (Ocli ov, JanlFeb, Professionalism ...... 16...... Mar/Apr) by the engineenng student of the UM College of Engineering. Opinions stated herein do not nec:es• . arily reflect the views of the ollege of Engine •ring. The Ultimate History Story ...... 18 Subscriphon rat• i 5.00 per year. lnquines concerning ub riptions or advertising should be directed to Mis• soun Shamrock, ollege of Engine ·nng, Cogeneration: The Future of Heating 1020 Engineering, University of Missouri• olumb1a, olumb1a, Missouri 6521 I. and Cooling in Columbia ...... 22 For•mo t, the hamrock acknowl• edges it advi ors, Robert W. Leavene, Jr., A ·soc:iate Professor of Electncal and Computer Engineering, Annette Sanders, Director of Engineering om· The Mysteries of Halley's Comet ...... 23 munications, UM College of Engineer­ ing, and Dr yrus Harbour!, Director of Engineenng Ext n i n. SHAMROCK from the editor's desk STAFF Editor Mark D Young Engineering Week Is Here Business Manager Brian Gu tin There are literally hundreds of ways engineering students can get involved on campus. Most involve outside-of-class duties and responsibilities for Managing Editors which many engineering students feel they don't have time. Cindy Bohr Engineering Week at UMC however, is a week of "Fun and Frolics," Janice Ehrhardt Shillelagh Hunts, Barbecues, "Green Teas," formal Irish parties, king and Copy Editor queen competitions, "Road Rallies" and many other activities. Not a single activity requires students to dedicate themselves for an entire year-just one Mary Daly week of fun! It's the one week every year since 1903 that engineering Production Editors students at Mizzou have let loose and declared an "engineer's holiday." It's a chance to have your study buddies over for a beer instead of a study session. Keith F. Mueller It's a chance for professors and students to attend the scheduled activities Barb White and talk together over any timely topics which may or may not include ews Editor course work. Engineering Week all started in 1903 when several engineering students Brian Crawford felt they were overworked and needed a vacation. They cleverly discovered Features Editor St. Patrick was truly an engineering genius, declared him the patron saint of Tim Popp engineering, and cut classes to celebrate. Since those days, St. Patrick's Day has transformed into a more positive activity that lasts an entire week-it's a Technical Editor time to tour lab exhibits, attend leadership seminars, design catapults and Phil Benn tt learn a little more about engineering from a different perspective. If student's don't participate in Engineering Week then they are only Photographers cheating themselves out of an educational experience. They may not be able Charlie Williams to relate their experiences on their resume, but the rewards are having fun, Jeff Turn r making new friends and insuring a successful outcome of the St. Pat's celebration for the school and everyone involved. Writers Rob Angerer Daniel B xton Myron Grae le Ro eann Koffkey ~~9e,f-o Terry Kr eger Mark DeYoung, Editor Tracy Rolf Missouri SHAMROCK Advertising Staff Mark Schroder Li a Hemming Chri a Pav! poulos Computer Accounts Manager Dave Hawkin Circulation Tom Payne John Ohlms Humor Editor Hank Zucker

Page 2 Missouri SHAMROCK Power Upgrade And Advanced Research At UM Nuclear Reactor

by Rosea11n Koffkey

The Universitv of Missouri Research ing 30 to 40 percent below the safety would believe that to produce three Reactor (MURR) is the most powerful margin. Previously, only one plate times the power, your fuel costs will nuclear reactor on any college cam­ operated at these percentages and be three times higher, but this is not pus in the United States. MURR en­ the others operated at lower power the case with the redesigned fuel gages in various research with indus­ lt•vels. With the redesigned fuel ele­ elements." tries and other universities from the ments, the other plates will also oper­ In addition to research capability U.S. and around the world. Plans are ate at 30 to 40 percent below the and reputation aspects, Kunze said currently underway to upgrade the safety margin. that the power upgrade will make the reactor power by almost three times Kunze stated that fuel operating reactor a more effective research tool. its current level. costs will al so be lower: "Most people It will then be able to do more work in the same amount of time. For some experiments, better quali­ ty research can be produced because "Most people would believe that to produce three the "signal-to-noise" ratio will be higher. The "signal" received from times the power, your fuel costs will be three the experiment will be easier to mea­ times higher, but this is not the case with the sure and more reliable. Background redesigned fuel elements." radiation or "noise" will be less of a

Robert M. Brugger, professor of nuclear engineering and MURR di­ rector, and Don H. Alger, assistant professor of nuclear engineering and associate director of MURR, are the two men principally behind the reac­ tor expansion efforts. Charles Mc- Kibben, a graduate of chemical engi- • neering and nuclear engineering at UMC, and a former U.S. Navy nucle­ ar submarine officer, is the supervi­ sor for the power upgrade project. Jay F. Kunze, professor and chair­ man of nuclear engineering, stated that one of the main reasons for the upgrade is to enhance the research image of UMC: "MURR is the high­ est flux nuclear reactor on any college campus in the U.S., possibly the world, but it is capable of producing three times the power that is current­ ly licensed to produce." This increase in power will not Photo by Charle~ Willia111~ make the reactor more unsafe. Each The Missouri University Research Reactor (MURR) located on Providence Rd. plate in a fuel element will be operat- south of Faurot Field.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 3 (Below): Example of typical earth-grown crystal showing lack of clarity. This crystal was grown to completion.

UM photo hy Frn 11k Fillo (Above): This space-grown crystal with well-defined facets and high clarity was grown in only 106 hours. It didn't use all of the source material before the mission returned to earth.

UM photo /1_11 Frn 11k Fillo factor. Reactor researchers will be able working since 1981 with a shuttle Therefore the more perfect "space" to perform experiments that could payload specialist and the crystal. crystal can be formed. not previously because of the new The crystal is composed of a com­ By usi ng gamma ray diffraction "signal-to-noise" ratio. pound called mercuric iodide and is a experiments, differences in the two Kunze pointed out that MURR "is bright red color. crystals can be detected. The crystal literally an off-spring of a test reactor The crystal is a good detector of grown in space is better than the best in Idaho Falls run by the Department X-rays and ga mma rays. Imperfec­ crystal grown previously on earth. of Energy for the Navy. The fuel tions in the crystal's structure, how­ Research will continue to determine elements are essentially identical, yet ever, limit its ability to detect those if the better crystals will make better the MURR power density is less than rays. A gamma ray diffraction instru­ detectors. More tests concerning this a third that of the Idaho Falls reactor" ment is used to detect imperfections crystal will be performed on another because of the current fuel elements in the crystal. MURR has the only space shuttle mission in two years. at MURR. gamma ray diffraction instrument in The crystal analysis experiments Plans are to implement MURR the country. are just some o f many projects being designs, such as those that pertain to The crystal is formed in a chamber tackled at the reactor. fuel performance, that have been used about four inches high by putting Since 1978, University of Missouri at Idaho Falls for many years. With mercuric iodide powder around coils researcher William Yelon, professor the approvals by the Nuclear Regula­ which are heated. A cold spot is on of physics, has been working with tory Commission of the proposed the bottom of the chamber. As the General Motors to develop a more design changes, Kunze said that the va por rises, it condenses onto this powerful magnetic compound. In ear­ expansion should be complete in three cold spot and forms the crystal. As ly 1983, GM sent a sa mple of a new to five years. the vapor moves towards the cold magnetic alloy to MURR to deter­ Current research at MURR includes spot on earth, convection occurs. This mine its exact composition. Yelon and analysis of a crystal grown in space convection causes imperfections in MURR have received national scien­ aboard the U.S. Space Shuttle Space­ the crystal. Since there is no gravity tific recognition for the work with lab 3 in April, 1985. MURR had been in space, convection does not occur. this alloy.

Page 4 Missouri SHAMROCK WE SALUTE FUTURE ENGINEERS WITH SPECIAL PRICES & PROMOTIONS DURING ENGINEERING WEEK! M-F SAT. 8-5 10-3

The crystal grown on earth in a gravity chamber. A gamma ray diffraction instrument is aimed at the crystal to analyze its structure.

The alloy was analyzed using neu­ bait is an element used by industries tron scattering instruments.These pre­ and currently is the most powerful cisely determine a substance's compo­ magnetic compound. It has limited sition because neutrons scatter differ­ availability because it is mined main­ ently for each element. MURR experi­ ly in South Africa. The new alloy ments disclosed the alloy has certain could revolutionize the electric motor AlpliA dECTRONic lAbs. physical properties. industry, one of the main users of ESTABLISHED 1975 This alloy makes better permanent magnets, to produce speakers, head­ magnets than any other materials cur­ phones, cars, airplanes and appli­ STOCKING rently used. The alloy is two and ances. one-half times more efficient than Faculty and staff hope that among ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS the current rare-earth magnets in au­ the various research projects and with dio speakers. the proposed power upgrade plan, IC'S DTL. TTL. LS, S, HC. HCT. C, H, L An added bonus is that the materi­ MURR researchers will succeed in als used to make this alloy-iron, discovering new technologies while TRANSISTORS neodymium and boron-are cheaper enhancing the schools research image. 2N, TIP, MPS, MJE, MJ and more plentiful than cobalt. Co- RESISTORS 1/aW, ¼W, 1/eW, 1W, 2W, and higher

CAPACITORS Roseann Koffkev is a fre shman in electrical mica, film, chip, disk, electrolytic engineering. She is a member of the Society of Women Engineers and plans to do graduate work in nuclear engineering. Roseann enjoys reading KITS • lreaid loairds • Connecton stories by Ernest Hemingway and science fiction aind Computer Supplies books. Digit~I Service ~nd Repair

11lplt11 EIECIRONic l11bs. m. 705 Vandiver 314/874-1514 Vandiver Village Columbia, MO 65202

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 5 The End Of An Era

by Chrissa Pavlopoulos

In 1968, William R. Kimel left a education, "he did strongly lead and Due to his diverse accomplishments position as chairman of the depart­ set the atmosphere for which per­ in high school, Kimel was offered ment of nuclear engineering at Kan­ sons in the college and outside world scholarships to a number of colleges. sas State University to assume the have decided that the University of He accepted a scholarship to Wichita title of "Dean of Engineering" at the Missouri is a good place to invest State University. It was there that he University of Missouri, Columbia. He their money." pursued a bachelor of science degree brought with him not only an impres­ Kimel's hardworking attitude was in mechanical engineering. sive lifelong record, but a strong de­ evident even in hi s high school years, Although Kimel's achievements in sire to upgrade the educational oppor­ which were spent at Clearwater High high school were impressive, they tunities for students in the college of in Clearwater, Kansas. Academically, were only a slight indication of the engineering. Now, after 17 years of he was a good student. In addition, potential he reached in college. He commitment to the school, Kimel has Kimel excelled in three sports: football, continued hi s interest in sports by announced his retirement. basketball, and track. " l loved and playing tackle on the football team "It has been a delightful career had a great devotion to sports in my and lettering in track. His main in­ experience for me to be Dean of high school days." terest, howeve r, was not in sports. Engineering at 01' Mizzou and I look forward with pleasure to this, my final year, and beyond that to oppor­ tunities that may arise to assist our great college and university after my retirement," he said. Kimel's ultimate goal as dean has been to cultivate a top notch engineer­ ing school. In order to develop a top notch program, acquiring the neces­ sary funding for improvements is a top priority. According to Kimel, "gen­ eration of resources leads to better equipment, which leads to the devel­ opment of a better school." Upon his arrival in 1968, the UMC College of Engineering received an annual development fund of less than $8,000 a year. This total has increased to a yearly amount of over one mil­ lion dollars in the past four years, the last of which was $1.2 million dollars. As the funding in the engineering college has increased, so has the enrollment. Undergraduate enroll­ ment in engineering has increased from 1470 to 2485 in the past 16 Dean Kimel fires up for Engineer's Week 1984. years. "Although Kimel did not indi­ vidually and personally raise each dollar," comments Cyrus Harbourt, director of continuing engineering

Page 6 Missouri SHAMROCK relationship that led to marriage. again returned to KSU to form what After acquiring hi s masters, Kimel would become the first accredited obtained his PhD in engineering me­ nuclear engineering department in chanics at the University of Wisconsin. the United States. He then continued teaching at KSU. Kimel's feelings on the topic of At this point Kimel became a propo­ nuclear energy are very strong. "Our nent of the "Atoms for Peace" pro­ standard of living, which today is gram. completely dependent on available "The mission of the program", he electrical energy, is going to require says, "was to declassify those parts more (energy) if we are to continue to of the Manhatten Project that would retain our standard of living in the help to develop peaceful use of the future. atom." (The Manhatten Project was "This", Kimel explains, "is due to created by the U.S. government in a population growth of people all 1942 to produce the first atomic bomb.) having the same aspirations." In or­ In order to get the" Atoms for Peace" der to meet those aspirations, the program on its feet, increased educa­ need for more energy is inevitable. tion on the subject of nuclear technol­ Kimel feels that, "cheap electrical en­ ogy was necessary, thus leading to an ergy is a key to the successful eco­ immediate demand for professors nomic development of this country," "My father was a high school su­ with expertise in this area. When and views nuclear energy as, "one of perintendent," he explains, "and he Kimel was offered the chance to go the most benign sources of generat­ educated me to understand that al­ through training at Argonne Nation­ ing cheap electrical energy." though I loved sports, academics was al Laboratory in Illinois, he accepted. Kimel is disturbed that unfavor­ my primary concern." After a year of working with nuclear able media surrounding the use of For this reason, Kimel's extracurric­ physicists on various projects, Kimel nuclear power for weapons has curbed ular involvement in college dealt more with student organizations and stu­ dent government. He was junior class president, president of hi s social fra­ ternity (Sigma Chi), president of the student chapter of the American Soci­ ety of Mechanical Engineers, and vice president of student council. Honor­ ary fraternities of which he was a member included Tau Beta Pi, Pi Mu Epsilon, Phi Kappa Phi, Sigma Tau, Pi Tau Sigma, and Phi Eta Sigma. Upon graduation, Kimel accepted a position with Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. After three years of work, he returned to Kansas State University (KSU), where he concur­ rently taught classes and pursued his master's degree in mechanical en­ gineering. While in his masters pro­ gram, Kimel met the woman who would eventually become his wife, Mila Brown. Mila was a student at the college who also worked as secretary in the machine design department. The two met and developed an interest in each other. However, a college rule The UMC College of Engineering received the 1984 Koerper Award from the Na­ prohibited dating between faculty and tional Society of Professional Engineers. This award annually recog11izes tire students. Eventually, though, with Engineering School which displays the highest commitment to professio11alism the encouragement of friends, both in its program. Kimel accepted the award from Louis Bacon, P.E., preside11t disregarded this rule and began a of NSPE, during the January, 1984 Winter Meeting of NSPE in Sa11 Fra11cisco.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 7 the development of nuclear power for commercial electrical energy. "The generation of electrical ener­ "I have always felt proud to be a part of gy by nuclear power has not resulted in the loss of any one life", he relays. this excellent college of engineering. But there "Nonetheless nuclear generation is viewed as the most dangerous of is opportunity to be better and that has all." Kimel's commitment to nuclear ad­ to be our goal." vancement is evident through his ex­ tensive involvement in the American Nuclear Society. He has held numer­ volved in the National Society of Pro­ other associations. Kimel's participa­ ous positions in this organization, fessional Engineers, the Missouri So­ tion in these organizations has given including president, vice president, ciety of Professional Engineers him statewide recognition. This rec­ and membership on the board of (president), Junior Engineering Tech­ ognition has been a key factor in the directors. nical Society (president), the Ameri­ acquisition of resources donated to Kimel's involvement in organiza­ can Society for Engineering Education, the UMC College of Engineering. tions external to the university is not Rotary (president of downtown Co­ At a glance, Kimel strikes an impos­ limited to the American Nuclear So­ lumbia club), and the American Soci­ ing figure. He stands 6'4", with broad ciety. He has also been actively in- ety of Mechanical Engineers, among shoulders and an athletic build. Al­ though his appearance can be in­ timidating, his colleagues know him as a compassionate man. According to Marjorie Jackson, executive staff assistant, "the dean is a man con­ cerned with the welfare and growth of the people with whom he works." At the same time he possesses the aggressiveness that is characteristic of a strong leader. One of his col­ leagues describes him as "an adminis­ trator who makes things happen." Kimel, on the other hand, sees all accomplishments as a team effort, and seldomly takes personal credit for them. "The dean of engineering doesn't single-handedly accomplish much of anything," he says. "It is the team of extremely intelligent people with whom I work that accomplish things." Kimel's interests outside the office include sports and music. He contin­ ues to enjoy sports as a spectator, and regularly attends UMC sporting events. Music is a love that Kimel attributes to his mother, who was an accomplished musician. As a youth, Kimel remembers, "because of my mother, my home life was surrounded by music." This Kimel has crowned every engineering queen since 1968 a11d will crow11 his last led to his s tudy of voice and the on March 8 at the St. Pat's ball. Here he crowns last year's queen Donna trumpet. He played in several high Mercier. school and college bands, and more

Page 8 Missouri SHAMROCK recently in a faculty band at UMC. This ensemble was known as "Kimel's Kurriculum Krammers," and featured Joseph Willett, professor of physics, on clarinet, Cyrus Harbourt on saxo­ phone and clarinet, Franklin Harris, professor of agricultural engineering, on drums, and Kimel on trumpet. Kimel's Krammers played music from the big band songs of the 40's and SO's. The group performed for stu­ dent faculty events in the early 1970's. Kimel's hectic schedule leaves little time for relaxation. When he does find the time, he likes to spend it with alumni of the university. In his words, "relaxation means doing things you enjoy with people you enjoy." In the alums, Kimel has found both a strong support group for UMC and a group of longtime cohorts. Kimel reflects upon his retirement in a positive sense. His co-workers, however, look upon it with mixed emotions. "I am very happy for him and think that he will really enjoy his retirement," says Marjorie Jackson. "I am worried, however, that we will Dean Kimel persuades hvo new students that the UMC College of Engineering not find a man of his caliber to re­ is the place to be. place him." Upon his retirement, Kimel will be ending a major portion of his career, yet he will be able to devote more ed the vice president of this organiza­ to be our goal." efforts to other aspects of the educa­ tion for the vear 1986-1987. With this attitude in mind, Kimel tional environment. Of primary im­ The character of a school is often has guided this college through 17 portance is his participation in the built by the attitude of those who years of growth and improvement. Professional Engineers in Education hold leadership positions in it. As But in the words of his favorite of the National Societv of Profession­ dean, Kimel's attitude has been to philosopher, Yogi Berra, "It ain't over al Engineers. He explains, "primarily, always strive for higher standards. In 'Iii it's over." Kimel looks forward to this organization works to develop his own words, "I have always felt seeing this college attain progressive­ ideas and projects that will be of proud to be a part of this excellent ly higher goals and has every confi­ benefit to engineering schools across college of engineering, but there is dence that his successor will be at the the country." Kimel was recently elect- opportunity, to be better and that has forefront of that progress.

Chrissa Pavlopoulos is a senior from Creve Coeur, Mo . majoring in electrical and computer engineering. Chrissa is currently vice president of SWE, vice president of Engineer's Club, and a member of Engineering Student Council. This is her first year with the Slw111mck. Upon graduation she plans to work in industry and attend graduate school.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 9 , ORGANIZATIONS======

extend our congratulations to these most engineering disciplines. Engineering deserving students. During the coming winter semester, This upcoming semester should Sigma Phi Beta is planning activities Student prove to be just as busy. The induc­ and guest speakers concerning a vari­ tion of new officers will take place in ety of subjects. Members will assist Council early April and the selection of new in the MATHCOUNTS program for members to begin in late April. If you junior high students, and will coordi­ by Rick Hanley are interested in being a part of this nate preparation and study groups The Engineering Student Council organization, petitions will be avail­ for the spring Engineers in Training (ESC) has seen some positive chang­ able in late March. Be a part of what's (EIT) examination. Investigations into es in the past semester. going on in your school of engineer­ reduced price purchasing for EIT man­ Aside from the regular works per­ ing. Get involved with Engineering uals are currently being explored. The formed by ESC such as heading up Student Council. membership hopes to be an integral student-faculty committee meetings, part of Engineer's Week and sponsor allocating first semester technical soci­ SIGMA a lab exhibit. ety budgets and organizing and ar­ The executive board consists of Jeff ranging for winter convocation, the PHI Fitterling, president; Jim Johnson, vice council undertook a rather large pro­ president; Greer Barnard, secretary; ject. This was a $10,000 proposal to BETA Earl Spurgeon, treasurer; and Clay improve the main entrance of the Scharff, social chairman. The advi­ engineering complex. After the draft­ sors are Cyrus Harbourt from electri­ ing of the proposal, ESC pursued its .. cal and computer engineering, and end with much persistance and dili­ IINSPlll Kenneth Ragsdell, professor and chair­ gence. The council is proud to an­ f/111' man of mechanical and aerospace nounce the final passing of the pro­ engineering. Sigma Phi's main objec­ posal with the signatures of the Chan­ Sigma Phi Beta is UMC's student tive is to promote inter-departmental cellor and Vice-Chancellor. Included chapter of the National Society of cooperation in the preparation of the in the proposal are six wooden Professional Engineers. Originally EIT and through social activities. benches and complete resurfacing of conceived by EE students Don John­ Sigma Phi Beta feel s that a non­ the areas on either side of the exist­ son, Drew Craig, and Bob Renn as an restrictive approach to membership ing stairs. Construction of the propos­ inter-departmental fraternal organiza­ provides the greatest avenue toward al should begin this summer. tion without academic restrictions, it rapid growth and broad acceptance. Also, with every fall semester comes was given direction by Dr. Cyrus We extend the invitation of member­ the induction of several UMC engi­ Harbourt, director of Engineering ship to all engineering and science neering students into Who's Who in Extension, to fill a need for an NSPE students at UMC, and hope to pro­ American Colleges and Universities. student chapter. vide a rewarding experience. Those accepted from engineering this Beginning in the fall semester of year were, Wray Currence, Patrick 1985, other engineering students be­ Editor's ote: A11y e11:,:i11ecri11:,: society who wants material p11blislred 011 the Fancher, Thomas Funke, Roderick came interested and sought recogni­ "Orga111wtio11s pa:,:e" sho11/d submit Howard, Ronald Hughes, Roger tion by the university by working art,c/e:; lo the Shamrock 111ai/l'l()x-Roo111 Menke, Brian Nickerson, Winston closely with Dean Kimel and Dr. 203 Electrical E11r~i11eeri11g l111ilding . Reid, Ezamudin Said, Zheng Shi, Kev­ Harbourt. During the last week in Feel free to contact tire e,t,tor for i11 - in Stanley, Rober Stepanek, Arizu October, the group conducted a mem­ format1011 co11cem111,~ dead/mes, p11b• l,shing dates and story content. The Sulaiman, John Tierney III, Bertram bership drive and are pleased to an­ Sliamro<:k resen•es tire rtght to edit Tsutakawa, Kathleen Viehmann, nounce the receipt of more than forty all s11b1111/ted material . Aminul Zamzam. We would like to charter membership applications from

Page 10 Missouri SHAMROCK

Engineering Building Addition Is University's Number One Construction Priority

by Mark DeYo,mg

At last, the University of Missouri ing (leaving the exterior Italian renais­ remodeling of other existing wings. regents have agreed that the UMC sance architecture in tact), air condi­ Is the facility needed? college of engineering doesn't have tioning for the electrical engineering "It's been needed for a long time. enough space, or quality of space, to building, and further upgrading and In fact its been needed since I arrived carry on a modern engineering pro­ gram. The regents which consist of the UM Board of Curators, UM president, and UMC chancellor all agreed last summer that a new engineering lab and classroom facility is the univer­ sity's number one construction pri­ The Agriculture Link ority. "That means that unless politics interferes," says William R. Kimel, by Dan Bexto11 dean of engineering, "the next build­ lawn in front of the Agri ultural Engi­ ing that's built on the four campus neering Laboratory on October 18, system will be this engineering build­ 1985. tone trom the laboratory and ing." the former department office will be The project itself comes in two The College of Engineering received used in the new fa ility which should phases. Priority one includes con­ ome much needed upport thank be available for classroom u e by the struction of a new 81,000 sq. ft. wing to the recent appropriation of mil­ fall semester of 1987. The faculty will on the west side of the engineering lion by the Missouri eneral Assem­ be housed in T-12 Building until the complex where the parking lot now bly for the con truction of a n w construction is completed at which stands. This will extend out to Sixth Agricultural ngine ring Building. time T-12 will also be razed. street. A remote civil engineering lab­ The long-awaited -tructure will re­ The 68,000 square foot building oratory on the agricultural engineer­ place the three existing building and will include two lecture room , teach­ ing land is also in the priority one will con olidate the department' fac­ ing laboratories and a teaching inno­ plans, along with some renovation ulty and re earch. They are currently vation center in addition to office plans for existing wings in the engi­ hou ed in ix eparate buildings space for the faculty and staff. xt n­ neering complex that will aid pedes­ around olumbia. s1ve fa ilities will al o be provided for trian traffic flow. onstruction began with a formal re earch with -eparate laboratorie Priority two will complete the mas­ ground breaking ceremony on the for water quality, soil phy i s, hy- ter plan known as the Engineering Lab and Classroom Project. The high­ lights of priority two include a "gut" renovation of the original 1893 build-

Page 12 Missouri SHAMROCK here (at UMC) in 1968," Kimel says. "Our quality of space is abominable-­ it's nothing short of abominable." The college of engineering feels it needs and deserves the addition for several reasons. "In many instances when we're going out for external dollars in com­ petition with other universities, we have to designate space where the operation will take place. And it's a competition on who gets the dollars," Kimel explains. "We may be the best qualified group to take (an external project) from every point of view­ from our students, from our faculty and location. But if we don't have the space, we can't compete. "So often, we loose out on those external dollars to some other state where they have invested in these Artist's rendering of the proposed addition to the Engineering Complex. facilities. I see that going on all the time," Kimel adds.

Aside from loosing external dollars due to a lack of space, increased enrollment has also created space problems. The last physical engineering ex­ drology, pesticide applications, ener­ cultural engineering specialists locat­ pansion of any significance occurred gy utilization, elc tronics, biological ed across the state. in 1958 when the electrical engineer­ processing and a processing labora­ On a large university such a · UM , ing (EE) building was erected. Since tory. many believe there is a definite need that time, EE enrollment has tripled In addition, the terms of the legis­ for interaction between chool and and the department of industrial engi­ lature's funding also allo ate part of colleges to distribute information and neering has been forced to occupy the 8 million to go toward updating share abilities for the benefit of all. much of the space in the building. equipment in the department. Agricultural engineering form uch Giving the table a firm slap, Kimel The Department of Agricultural En­ a link b •tween the olleges of Agricul­ gineering wa established in 1916. ture and nginecring. The applica­ There arc currently 17 fa ulty and tion of engineering to agriculture ha three who hold 1oint appointment had a ubstantial impact on produc­ "It's been needed for with the university and the U .. De­ tivity in the past 50 years with the a long time. In fact it's partment of Agri ulture. Approxi­ output per hour of labor increa ing mately 51 courses arc taught by the by a factor of eight during that period. been needed since I faculty amounting to over 3000 stu­ The construction of a new building arrived here in 1968," dent credit hours per year. fills a need which has e isted for Faculty also dire t 1S research pro­ many years on the Miuou ampus. Kimel says. jects, publish 35-40 articles a year and Its cxi ·tence is certain to attract more have been awarded an average of high quality students and faculty as $280,000 in grants a year. The cxtcn­ well as improve the quality and ex­ says, "That's the case and point. That ion faculty pr0\1dc te hnical assis­ tent of research conducted by the building was designed by the univer­ tance and information to 17 area agri- university. sity 28 years ago for an operation one third the size. In the meantime, we've moved another department in there. We didn't have any place to put it (IE department) at all!"

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 13 In addition to the increased stu­ dent population, many student clubs and organizations get pushed in and out of various corners to satisfy im­ mediate space needs. The Lab and Classroom Project should provide ample space for many years. After completion, EE will get its building back for its programs alone. The engineering library will be relocated in the new addition in a much larger and nicer area. Many engineering organizations will receive necessary office space. The college will be able to offer space for external projects. There will finally be a clean cut walkway through the engineer­ ing complex from Francis quadrangle The original Engineering Building will remain intact externally, but be gutted to Sixth street. and remodelled inside.

"The project has all priority, actual construction won't be­ June 1, the needed addition could gin until the Missouri state legisla­ begin making progress as early as the right support ture and governor say it can begin. this fall. from the University, No one knows for sure how long that The general feeling among many may take. administrators in the college of engi­ but the decision is The Coordinating Board for Higher neering is that if UMC wants to keep Education (CBHE) which makes rec­ pace with the rest of the country's in the political ommendations to the governor for engineering schools, the state govern­ state funding of all Missouri public ment probably won't put off authori­ arena now." higher educational institutions isn't zation of the $15 million proposal for helping the process. CBHE decided too long. to recommend no money for new "We are the only engineering school construction at any of the state's pub­ in the United States of America that I lic colleges and universities for the know that hasn't had at least one But wait ... What was that about 1986-87 school year. This was decid­ new building in the last quarter cen­ politics mentioned early in the story? ed at their meeting in September 1985. tury," Kimel concludes. "The project That's right, don't get too excited yet. Nevertheless, if the state decides has all the right support from the Even though the university leaders to authorize expenditure during this university, but the decision is in the feel the addition is a number one session of the legislature which ends political arena now."

Mark De Young is a senior from Independence, Mo. majoring in electrical and computer en­ gineering. Mark is a member of IEEE, Engineer's Club, Beta Theta Pi social fraternity, and Eta Kappa Nu electrical engineering honorary. Mark first realized the need for a new engineering complex design on a rainy day his sophomore year. While on his way to the EE building, he decided to take a "short-cut" through the complex. Although he stayed dry, by the time he found his way through the building he was 10 minutes late for class.

Page 14 Missouri SHAMROCK Keep a piece of the Columns • • •

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Cut out and mail with check to: Missouri Shamrock 1020 Engineering Complex University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia, MO 65211 EIT Exam: The Road To Engineering Professionalism

by Lisa Hemming

On July 17, 1981, two concrete "Registration establishes a means from such colleges may take the EIT. skywalks of the Hyatt Regency Hotel of identification to those who have Many students choose to take the in Kansas City, Mi ssouri collapsed. met the education and experience exam as a senior since much of the The accident killed more than 100 qualifications and who agree to sub­ subject matter is still fresh in their people and injured more than 200 scribe to rules of professional con­ minds from their coursework. The others. The skywalk collapse was due duct," Pine said, " . . . by law, as a EIT is open to all engineering majors. to a last minute design change in the means of protecting the public from NCEE produces the exam which is suspension of the skywalks from the misrepresentation, those who use the used by all states except Illinois. ceiling. title professional engineer but have Students must first obtain an appli­ Accidents such as this result in not met the standards of registration cation to take the test. These may be long drawn out investigations, te­ may be prosecuted for violation of found in the Dean's Office. Once the dious legal proceedings and often the state statute." application has been approved there millions of dollars worth of civil Thus an engineer takes on a great are two dates to choose from for claims. Due to such diasters, it has deal of responsibility for public safety. taking the test, one in the fall and become increasingly important for To become professionally certified, one in the spring. There is also a practicing engineers to be registered. one must first pass the EIT exam. $20.00 fee for taking the test. The National Council of Engineer­ The EIT is a rigorous eight hour The exam itself is in two parts. The ing Examiners (NCEE) has launched test. Missouri law states that only first is given at eight o'clock in the a nationwide education program for persons from accredited colleges with morning and lasts until noon. This students, faculty, employers and pro­ undergraduate degrees or seniors session contains 140 problems with fessionals that will stress the impor­ tance of Professional Engineering (P.E .) registration. The student effort, which began this fall, is designed to educate pro­ spective engineers on why it is neces­ sary to qualify for the P. E. registration. "The purpose of registration is to protect the public health, sa fety and welfare," NCEE president Ed Pine said . "By targeting students with this program, we hope to raise the stan­ dards of the entire engineering com­ munity." Many s tate legislatures have bills pending which would require all prac­ ticing engineers to be certified. Em­ ployers recommend this because of liability, litigation errors and omis­ sions, ethical engineering practices and professional employment prac­ Photo by Jeff Turner tices. Many students purchase an EIT Review Manual to prepare for the exam.

Page 16 Missouri SHAMROCK five possible multiple choice answers. The subjects covered in the morning session include: chemistry, computer programming, dynamics, engineering economics, electrical circuits, fluid mechanics, materials science, mathe­ matics, mathematical modeling of en­ gineering systems, mechanics of ma­ terials, statics, structure of matter, and thermodynamics. The questions from each of these subjects are grouped together. The afternoon session runs from 1:00 to 5:00 p.m. It is made up of 100 questions, of which only 70 are com­ file photo pleted. Subjects at the afternoon ses­ sion deal with: engineering mechanics, The Engineering-In-Training Exam tests the basics of engineering knowledge math, electrical circuits and engineer- acquired over the past 4 years.

The morning and afternoon scores Passing the EIT is only the first are added together and then graded major step in becoming professional­ This is an by computer. Minimum passing scores ly certified in the engineering field. are established by individual State The final step is to pass the P.E., or intensive exam Boards of Registration for Profession­ Professional Engineer exam, which is al Engineers. The mean passing score administered after the engineer has which touches key on the November, 1980 test, for ex­ had four to five years of engineering ample, was 72.4 out of 100 for those experience in a particular field. Stu­ areas that all states who used the EIT. Results of dents who plan to become indepen­ the exam are mailed and may take 12 dent consultants should know that engineers deal to 14 weeks for notification. The score certification is mandatory. may or may not be disclosed to the By passing the EIT, future engi­ with. individual, depending on state pro­ neers are well on the way to becom­ cedure. Persons who fail the exam, ing professionals. This may be a plus may take the EIT again providing a to employers for job interviews. "To new application to take the test is put it simply," NCEE president Pine ing economics. Two additional sub­ approved. There is no limit on the concludes, "students owe it to them­ ject questions are chosen from the number of times one may take the selves to take the exam as soon as following list: computer programming, EIT. possible." electronics & electrical machinery, fluid mechanics, mechanics of materials or thermodynamics/heat transfer. This is an intensive exam which touches key areas that all engineers Lisa Hemming is a 21 year old mechanical deal with-either directly or indirectly. engineering major from Quincy, Illinois. In 1984, To study for the test it is best to she received an associate degree in business from obtain a current copy of the EIT Re­ Quincy college. She decided to further her educa­ view Manual which gives an overview tion by coming to UMC in the fall of 1985, switch­ ing her major to engineering. She is also a member of the topics covered. Key formulas of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers that students need to remember and the Society of Women Engineers. should be written out ahead of time, since it is permissible to bring these to the test. The EIT is an open book exam, however most students feel there is not enough time to look up all the material. Approximately two minutes should be spent on each question. Calculators are allowed.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 17 The Ultimate History Story

by Robert Angerer

Infinity, curved space, the big bang, A single spark of energy! A particle Now, with building blocks swarm­ red shifts of galaxies-these are the so potent that it could evolve into the ing uncontrollably, the forces of gravi­ makings of modern cosmology. whole universe as we know it. After ty begin to work on the great swirling Armed with heavy duty mathematics all, energy is mass and mass is energy. clouds of hydrogen. As the cloud and all-too-sparse observations, cos­ Albert Einstein enlightened the world contracts, and after some 10 million mologists have labored since the 1920's to this fact when he postulated that years, the temperature has risen suffi­ to construct a picture of the universe E= mc2. ciently to allow the fusion of hydro­ on its grandest scale. But the unclut­ So here we sit, only lxl0-43 seconds gen into helium nuclei, and huge tered imaginations of yesterday's after the creation of the universe. amounts of heat and energy are thinkers scarcely anticipated the sur­ The temperature is 100,000 billion released. This energy is passed to the prises that modern observational sci­ degrees, and the universe is still small­ surface of the dense cloud and is ence has brought forth: red giants er than a basketball. All matter is radiated away as light. This is the and white dwarfs, quasars, pulsars, merely a bundle of energy, and this mechanism by which stars are formed . black holes, the big bang theory. Each bundle begins to expand and cool. But stars aren't born alone in the is a piece of the puzzle, and each Gluons, bozons and photons are universe. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, offer a clue to the violent, turbulent allowed to form first, and they are contains some 200 billion stars. The history of the expanding universe. interchangeable and are bouncing Milky Way is part of the local "super­ Modern physicists have been study­ around all over the place. At t = 100 cluster" of galaxies which tend to ing the atom for years in an attempt seconds, the temperature is still hold themselves together through the to unravel its mysteries. Like smash­ dropping, and is now down to 100 force of gravity. Incredibly, there are ing two finely crafted Swiss watches billion degrees. Protons and neutrons countless billions of galaxies in the together and looking at the resultant are not torn apart by the heat any­ universe. cogs and screws to see how the more, and they begin the formation In 1962 the quasi-stellar radio watches were designed, modern of hydrogen and helium nuclei. When source, or "quasar", was discovered . physicists smash atoms together and the temperature finally drops to 5000 Quasars were found to be anywhere observe the properties of the result­ degrees, some 300,000 years later, the from 2-13 billion light years away, ing fragments. A complex task indeed, nuclei and the electrons are allowed· and some 50-100 times brighter than modern physicists have discovered a to combine to form un-ionized gas. entire galaxies. In other words, as­ multitude of subatomic particles so The photons are finally free from tronomers can peer back in time up aloof that their capture and observa­ interaction with other particles, and to 13 billion years, only several billion tion is the stuff of Nobel prizes. hence this is the dawn of light. At t = 1 years after the Big Bang. These qua­ There was a time when subatomic million years, the electrons settle into sars have probably burned themselves particles dominated all of the evolv­ orbit around the previously formed out in the billions of years required ing universe. A time characterized by nuclei to form an immense amount for their light to reach us. It is theo­ incredibly intense temperatures and of hydrogen. rized that quasars are the "mothers" great disarray. The finite velocity of light enables the modern astronomer to peer back in time as far as his instruments and ingenuity can carry Robert Angerer is a first year writer for the him. Astronomical and physical inter­ Shamrock from Jefferson City. He is currently pretation of the complex messages a senior in electrical engineering, and plans to encoded in the electromagnetic spec­ pursue a graduate degree in either business or trum have enabled modern physi­ law. Rob is a member of Phi Gamma Delta social fraternity, Eta Kappa Nu honorary fraternity, cists to take us back some 15 billion and is currently serving as vice president of years, to within 1x10-43 seconds of Engineering Student Council. He enjoys golf, the creation of the universe! Back to racquet sports, snow skiing, and "outta' hand the big bang. parties."

Page 18 Missouri SHAMROCK of many of the galaxies, spawning perhaps hundreds of galaxies at a time when they degenerate. The galaxies are not a mere collec­ tion of stars like our sun. Galaxies are composed of numerous other bizarre items that we can explore: black holes, red giants, white dwarfs, neutron stars, pulsars, and supernovae. An understanding of a star's evolution predicates the understanding of these other entities. The life of a star is a constant struggle between the intense internal gas pressures caused by the fusion of hydrogen into helium, and the in­ ward pulling of the force of gravity. As the star nea rs exhaustion of its hydrogen supply, the outer layers begin to swell and redden until the star has grown to a huge red ball 100 times its original size. The sun will reach this s tage in another 6 billion yea rs, swelling into a vast sphere of gas engulfing Mercury and Venus, and reaching out nearly to the orbit of earth. The surface of the earth will be heated to 2000 degrees . . . hopeful­ ly we will have beamed to another part of the galaxy by then. As the s tar continues to exhaust it s hydrogen Master Cosmologist Albert Einstein, whose relativity theories revolu­ supply, the forces of gravity prevail tionized both atomic and cosmic thought, has a look of farseeing ab­ over gaseous pressures, and the red straction in this 1947 picture. giant collapses. The temperature ri s­ the heavier elements ranging from is known as a neutron star since the es to 100 million degrees, and helium oxygen to iron. The star will continue pressures are too great to allow the nuclei at the core fu se together in to fuse these new elements together, negatively charged electrons to orbit groups of three to form carbon. Nu­ but eventually it will undergo a final the positively charged nuclei. Physi­ clear energy is released, and this halts gravitational collapse. The remaining cists had postulated their existence the gravitational collapse. The critical matter zooms into the center and years ago, but had been unable to temperature for the fu sion of carbon piles up around the core until the locate them due to their small size nuclei is about 300 million degrees. enormous pressures halt the collapse and limited emission of observable The sun will never reach this temper­ momentarily. Compressed like a hu­ radiation. In 1967, it was discovered ature, and thus will continue to burn mongous s pring, the star uncoils in a that certain small areas of the heav­ helium into carbon until it is a charred violent explosion, leaving nothing be­ ens were emitting short, rapid, regu­ and blackened cinder. Gravity will hind but the squeezed remnant of its lar bursts of radio waves at regular again take it s toll, and the sun will be original core. The ensuing explosion intervals. These objects, dubbed pul­ reduced to 1 millionth of it s original results in the formation of the all of sars, were later shown to be neutron size, roughly the size of earth. A the heavier elements, such as lead, stars that were spinning very rapidly teaspoon of the compressed matter silver, gold, and platinum. The ex­ on axis and spewing radiation into from the core would weigh JO tons! ploding star, a supernova, will blaze space. Physics has shown that these Compression means a rise in tempera­ up with a brilliance many billions of objects must be a billion times more ture to a visually white-hot state, and times greater than the brightness of dense than the matter in white dwarf hence the name "white dwarf". the sun. If the supernova happens to stars. In other words, a cubic centime­ A very different fate awaits a more be nearby in our galaxy, it will be ter of matter from a pulsar would massive star. Because of it s mass, easily visible with the naked eye in weigh some 10 billion tons! With the collapse generates enough heat to the daytime. connection between neutron stars, fuse carbon nuclei. The products are The compressed core that remains pulsars, and supernovas, what could

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 19 be left to say about the evolution of a convert its mass into pure e nergy, standpoint, a black h ole is a marvel­ star? and thus power the huge compress­ ously s imple o bject. It makes no dif­ Of all the conceptions o f the hu­ ible earth jacket that we have fa bri­ ference whether the coll apsing mat­ man mind from godzilla a nd the hy­ cated . We c rank up the reactor, a nd ter was Uranium, televisions, or drogen b omb to a n 1-70 World Series, we squeeze the earth from its ori ginal Porsches. Onl y mass, charge, and perhaps the most fantastic is the black circumference of 40,000 kilometers angular m omentum are preserved in hole: a h ole w ith a g ravitational field down to 5.58 centimeters. The escape the collapse. All properties are com­ so strong that even light is held in its velocity is now 300,000 kilometers pletely determined b y Einstein's laws grip! This seems fa r t oo outrageous, per second, the s peed of li ght. One fo r the structure o f empty space: but the laws of modern physics virtu­ more little s queeze, and our vise and 1) The g ravitational fi eld of the all y demand their existence. In our fu sion r eactor are s ucked into the hole o beys the standard laws of galaxy alone there may be millions of black h ole, never t o be recovered . Newton and Einstein . them! An experiment of the mind Communica tion b etween the ea rth 2) A rotating hole c reates a vortex might help in conveying the predict­ and the rest of the universe is perma­ in the e mpty space surrounding ed properties and the fo rces in volved nently ruptured . In this sense, the it , thereby swirling a ll particles with a black h ole. ea rth is no longer part of the universe. or gas that approach it into whirl­ Imagine that at some distant time It is gone, leaving behind it a hole in pool orbits. in the future the human species has space with a c ircumference of 5.58 3) A black h ole c urves space and migrated throughout the galaxy and centimeters! warps time in its v icinity. is inhabiting dozens of planets. Since If a s tar ca n shed m ost of its mass 4) A black hole has a clearl y deline­ our sun bloated long ago and burned in a collapse, it is preserved in our ated h orizon into w hich any­ the earth into a useless cinder, we universe as a w hite dwarf or a pulsar. thing ca n fa ll , but from which decide to convert it into a monument. But if the s tar i s unable to reduce nothing can emerge. We s coop out a giant chunk of the itself down to less than three times Now, just h ow do they find such earth, a nd stockpile it next to a huge the mass of the sun, it will be crushed an insa tiable beast if it won' t even let orbiting fu sion r eactor. With a little down to a black h ole. li ght escape from it? Theoretical physi­ help from Al Einstein , we a re a ble to From a physical and mathematical cists hypothesized that if the black hole were to have a nearby compan­ ion star, then as the intensely gravita­ tional hole rotated, it would suck h ot gases off of the compani on star. As the gases were funneled d own the magneti c lines of fo rce into the hole, they would be heated intensely (10 million d egrees) b efore succumbing to the hole, and would generate x-rays. Thi s is precisely the idea that was used in locating the fa mous "black hole o f Cygnus X-1 ." Donald Lynden-Bell of the U niver­ sity of Cambridge has argued fo r the existence of supermassive black holes. He believes that the dense region of gas and stars that fu els the g rand­ scale explosions in the nuclei of some galaxies must ultimately collapse to fo rm a supermassive black h ole. If this is true, a galaxy such as our own could be harboring such a s uper­ massive black h ole . . . a " tomb" from a more v iolent past. Lynden­ Bell calculates that such a hole would emit strong radio a nd infrared r adia­ ti on but no x- rays. The nucleus of our Space is curoed in the presence of a strong gravitational field. The curoature is galaxy does indeed give evidence of depicted in what is known as an embedding diagram, in which 3-dimensional several bright infrared and radio space is represented by a flat plane that is warped by tire presence of a massive sources. object such as a black hole. According to calculations made by

Page 20 Missouri SHAMROCK 5. W. Hawking of the University of solete. state-of-the-art telescopes. Cambridge, the intense compression­ As one scientist says, "Observing The astrological community pre­ al forces of the Big Bang s hould have the universe through the earth's at­ dicts that these new observations will produced a great number of "mini­ mosphere is very much like trying to revolutionize many standard laws of holes", holes far less massive than birdwatch from the bottom of a pond." physics. Perhaps the destiny of our our sun. He has shown that any hole This new telescope is expected to expanding universe will come into less massive than 10 billion tons (the allow objects to be resolved at least 10 view, and the "ultimate history story" mass of a small iceberg) should grad­ times more clea rl y than the current will have a new chapter. ually destroy itself by an emission of light and particles according to cer- tain laws of quantuum mechanics, and that holes of this size should be dying right now. In its final death throws, such a dying black hole would Who Ya Gonna Call? be a fireball powerful enough to sup- ply all of the e nergy needs of the earth for several decades, yet small enough to fit inside the nucleus of an atom. He calculates that these mini­ holes s hould now be e mitting hard gamma ra ys, and so the search is on to locate one. Truly, the black hole must be the greatest force in this universe ... except for that force that created the universe in the first place. Or was there even a creation at all? The Big Bang resembles a black-hole explo­ sion but on a vastly larger scale. Maybe we live in an oscillating uni­ verse. It is possible that our present day universe will one day cease ex­ panding under the throws of gravity, and will start a slow collapse. Back into a grand fiery ball once again .. . no, no, too much mass ... back into a prodigious black hole. Maybe mat­ ET,f' 1r 1!>! r Cr! ter will be re-created in another Big Bang. 11 ' Terry Edwards, professor of astron­ omy and physics, UMC, had some thoughts on this s ubject. "At the moment, modern astronomical phys­ ics has no real answer as to whether the universe will oscillate or just ex­ pand indefinitely. It basically comes down to a your own philosophical and religious beliefs. Do you accept a 'Divine Creation', or an infinite past 1 Uµ( 1N N , ISSUE" and an infinite future? The laws of Of<. Tl-+€" E C 1T1,v6- science aren't prepared to accept ei­ ther hypothesis!" C.,o rJ C1-VS I rJ J-• •• This apparently hopeless dilemma may be resolved in the very near S1 future. The U.S. is scheduled to launch a massive orbiting telescope in the next couple of years, one that will render all land-based telescopes ob- Cartoon by Hank Zucker Photos by Charles Willin111s

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 21 Cogeneration: The Future of Heating And Cooling In Columbia by Phil Bennett

Cogeneration, a concept of increas­ According to Mary Daly of the ing prominence in today's industry, project management group, the distri­ may soon be in practice at UMC, bution mains would be laid in con­ should the recommendations of the crete trenches under streets ranging mechanical engineering Design Syn­ from Business Loop 70 to Stadium thesis class be adopted by the Univer­ Drive, and from Boone County Hos­ sity. pital to Providence Road. What is cogeneration? Efficiency. It Daly indicated that with only Ste­ lies at the very heart of engineering. phens College and Boone County Hos­ It is the business of deriving energy pital as customers, the payback peri­ from fuel for useful work in the most od for laying the mains would be efficient manner possible. approximately 6.5 years. Beyond that, Under the direction of Donald the University could make an annual Creighton, professor of mechanical estimated profit of $460,000. Photo by Charles Williams and aerospace engineering, students In 1978 Congress encouraged co­ The design group proposes to reroute are studying the feasibility of selling generation efforts by passing the Pub­ this lost energy to heat buildings in turbine exhaust steam from the UMC lic Utilities Regulatory Policies Act and around Columbia. power plant to Columbia schools and (PURPA), which requires utilities to posed at UMC. Other forms of co­ businesses as a source of heating. purchase excess electricity at a price generation include biomass fuels, and Upon completion of a planned pow­ equal to the amount it saved by not utilizing fluidized bed technology to having to produce the power them­ er plant upgrade, UMC will have an burn waste products in the produc­ excess steam capacity of 267,000 selves. Cogeneration facilities have tion of electricity and process steam. since boomed, and utilities have mixed pounds per hour. Rather than casting A rice milling company in Lake the accompanying heat to the winds reactions. Charles, LA, burns rice hulls as an of Columbia in large cooling towers, Some hard-line power companies energy source. Waste wood-fired the steam could condense in the heat­ have too little demand or too much steam boilers are in operation in ing systems of customers. generating capacity and discourage Arkansas. Large engines are used to Customers stand to benefit in avoid­ would-be cogenerators from such drive generators, and the exhaust and endeavors. Others, however, welcome ed fuel costs. Payback periods from cooling jacket heat are used in steam retrofitting costs are estimated from and encourage cogeneration as a production. means to defer capital investment less than eight years for most houses Large multi-company operations in "Greek Town" to four months for and supply increased production more such as that in Port Arthur, TX, are Stephens College. On the average quickly. becoming commonplace. A coke-cal­ about 36 percent can be saved on Cogeneration takes on many facets cinating kiln operated by the Great other than the topping process pro- heating bills over buying oil and gas. Lakes Carbon Corporation produces enough steam for the nearby Gulf Refinery (now Exxon) while adding 5 megawatts to the Gulf States power grid. The City of Columbia is of the latter category, hoping that absorp­ tion cooling using steam would help reduce peak electrical loads in the summer. Cogeneration is on the move, and by taking on a project of such impor­ tance, students in the Design Synthe­ sis class have gained valuable experi­ Pliolo /1_11 Cliarlcs Wil/ia111s ence for their future and the energy MAE 296 planning the heat of the future at UMC. future of the nation.

Page 22 Missouri SHAMROCK The Mysteries of Halley's Comet

by Tom Payne

In the past, the return of Halley's ing to historians, during the longest Comet was a mystery. In fact, prior to days of summer, there appeared a THE SCHOLARSHIP 1759, observers didn't know what to sign in the heavens. A great long­ THAT PAYS YOUR think of the bright ball of fire that has tailed star appeared in the northern WAYINTOA appeared in the night sky on 30 occa­ sky for nights on end. At the battle of CAREER. sions since 240 B.C. Many misbeliefs Chalons that year, one of the most If a two-year scholarship that leads to a job after graduation have surrounded Halley's appearance terrible battles in history, Attila and sounds good to you. here·s your since its first recorded sighting, includ­ his horde were defeated by the Ro­ chance. ing predictions of natural disasters man general Aetius. If you are a college sophomore. you can earn a scholarship worth and war. Other strange associations with the up to $25.000. Naval ROTC pays In modern times, however, Halley's comet have surfaced also, including a full tuition during your junior appearance is not so much of a painting called the Arena Chapel Fres­ and senior years. books. fees . and living expenses of $100 a month mystery. Halley is predictable. We coes by Giotto Di Bondone in 1301. for ten months each year. know what year the comet will appear, The painting is of the nativity scene, To qualify. you must have where to look for Halley in the sky, and the comet represents the star of above a C average 12.5 out of 4.01 or better. You must pass a Navy and how long we will be able to see Bethlehem. Also, it was said that the physical examination. And it it. The search for Halley's Comet has Aztec ruler Montezuma watched a helps if your major is math. sci­ changed dramatically over the years. comet whose arrival "predicted" his ence or engineering. The dead­ line for application is April I. Throughout history, a comet's sud­ defeat at the hands of Hernando Contact your local Navy Re­ den appearance was usually invoked Cortes. cruiter or see the Professor of as a precursor of all manners of evil. By 1607, astronomy had advanced Naval Science on your campus. LT Kerry L. Nye Halley's Comet was no exception and to the point that for the first time in University of Missouri­ has earned perhaps more than its modern history science was provided Columbia share of associated bad omens. The with actual measurements of the Naval ROTC 105 Crowder Hall oldest omen on record dates from the comet. Following the comet's 1682 Columbia, MO 65211 11 B.C. appearance. It was believed appearance, Edmond Halley made (314) 882-6693 that the comet foretold the death of the calculations which linked this re­ the great Roman general and states­ turn in 1759, making the comet's first man Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. The predicted return. This event attached story is mentioned by historian Dio Edmond Halley's name to the comet. Cassius, who stated a comet was Halley died in 1742, however, and seen suspended over the city of Rome never knew whether his predictions before Agrippa died. came true. In 66 A.O., the Jewish historian In 1910 the comet's return was filled Flavius Josephus wrote of several with unusual events, not the least of "prodigies" which announced the de­ which was the appearance of a bril­ struction of Jerusalem in 70 A.O. liant unexpected comet in the eve­ Josephus noted, "Among the warn­ ning sky of January 1910. Known as ings, a comet, . . . because their tails the "Great January Comet" and pre­ appear to represent the blade of a ceding Halley's debut by only a few sword, was seen above the city." The months, it was widely seen by the sword-like comet was Halley. public and led to much confusion The year 451 A.O. was a time when between the two. Also confusing to all Europe was feeling the ravages of the public was a false report that if Attila the Hun. His conquests seemed the comet swung too close to the unstoppable. All who challenged his planet its poisonous gases would de­ army fell before him. Then, accord- stroy life on Earth as we know it.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 23 in April. Although it is moving away from the s un, it i then approaching Ea rth, a ppearing bigger and brighter than ever. Halley will swing closest to the Ea rth on April 10. For northern hemisphere observers, however, Hal­ ley will be so low in the sky that it will be a ll but lost. Nevertheles , its tail, perhaps as much as 25 degrees long, may stick above the southern horizon. As Halley moves further away from the Ea rth, s lowly disappearing into the summer sunset, another chapter in its mystic life wi ll have ended . One wonders about the myths which will surface this time, and in future "visits". Halley next returns in the year 2062. In 1986, we have already anticipat­ could be seen on the inbound leg of Only our imaginations ca n sketch for ed the comet's return for years. In its orbit as it swept by Earth. It passed us what life on Earth will be like fact, Halley was recovered by astrono­ closest to th e s un on February 9 and then, or the next time, or the next. mers on October 16, 1982 using the wasn't visible a t that time because it Halley's Comet wi ll be there, and 200-inch telescope o n Palomar moun­ lied on the opposite side of the s un with Halley, there is always mystery. tain. Certainly many people will want from Earth. In March and April, Hal­ to get a good l ook at this mystic ley will pass our planet on the out­ comet that has been seen by even our bound leg o f its orbit. Observers will oldest ancestors. However, no one be able to see it with the naked eye knows exactl y how easy this will be. and can fo llow it until June with Although professional astronomers binoculars or a telescope as it recedes have mentioned Comet Halley for into space. over two years and it's orbit is quite In March, after passing the s un, well-known, Halley's appearance is Halley re-emerges in the morning Go Back-to-School not equall y certain. The expected mag­ sky, low in the southeast before dawn. nitude and behavior of Halley at any The comet will then be in the south­ given point are predictions only. ern sky and traveling south, so the WITH Knowing exactl y where and when circumstances for viewing it in the THE to look is the key to seeing Comet northern hemisphere will be marginal. BEST Halley, and an observing s ite well Nonetheless, it will be worth a try OF removed from city lights is essential. because Halley, supercharged from THEM! Comet Halley wi ll put on its best passing close to th e s un, will be near show for those who travel south of its brightest. the equator. Up until January, Halley Halley reaches greatest brightness Get Your

To m Payne is a senior m ajoring in computer science with a concentration on electrica l and (h~~i~ii~ computer engineering. Originall y from St. Louis, 41CV this is his first yea r with the Sl!n111rock and is and 41CX calculators currently the ci rculation manager. Tom is a mem­ and all ber of the A sociation of Computer Machinery your engineering needs and a member of Delta Ta u Delta social fraternity. at the He enj oys golf, running and softball. After gradua­ tion in Ma y, he intends to pursue a ca reer in systems analysis. University Book Store in 11,.1,,.dy c-

Page 24 Missouri SHAMROCK Student Professional Awareness Conference

Tuesday, March 4 Memorial Union Auditorium

9:15 am Making It: How To Go Into Business for Yourself presented by Mr. Orin Laney - MBA Brigham Young University and founder of two small businesses. After four or five years of concentrated study neatly packaged into semester or quarter-sized challenges, the en­ gineering student is ready to graduate and begin a career. This is a short course on how to amaze your friends, sur­ prise your enemies, and disconcert and annoy your career counselor by making a successful business of your own. Topics include how to prepare, the risks required, decisions you will need to make, and how to test your readiness. Among other areas, Mr. Laney will discuss strategies for getting started and the relative advantages of various business areas. The reasons not to go into business will also be discussed. The relative merits of employment will be included for comparison, and several of the most important mistakes of new businesses will be developed at length. 10:05 am Ethical Responsibilities of Engineers presented by Dr. Norman Balbanian - Ph.D. Syracuse University Technology profoundly transforms society. How should technology be guided toward humane purposes? Who bears primary responsibility? Well, who but the engineers who create new machines, devices, structures, and systems are in the best position to know the properties, the capabilities, the liabilities, and the potential consequences of producing and deploying them? This responsibility is both individual and collective. This talk will explore the nature of engineering as a profession and outline what it means for an engineer to be a professional. 11 :05 am Professionalism in Engineering presented by Dr. George Sinclair - Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering at University of Toronto Engineers have long had a desire to make engineering into a profession, but have failed to accomplish it. A few en­ gineers do become true professionals, more by accident than by design. Most engineers are actually well trained en­ gineering technologists or scientists. The problem has been the lack of a proper theory of professionalism. Some progress is now being made in producing such a theory, and it should have an impact on engineering education. 11:55 am Importance of Communication for Engineers presented by James A. Watson - Professional Engineer, provides consulting services in communication skills One of the greatest needs of a Professional Engineer is the ability to communicate effectively, especially with large groups of people. Although this leaves many engineers feeling uncomfortable, the application of several fundamental principles can improve speaking ability and build confidence. A successful professional not only possesses knowledge, but also can communicate that knowledge effectively to others. 1:30 pm Panel Discussion with the Four Guest Speakers and other Selected Professionals design more powerful, more power their own intelligence and accommodating chips. The possi­ pave the way for deep space explora­ bilities are endless. tion. Fifth generation computers that Design an Expanding build on the astonishing speed and Consider some recent GE develop­ capacity of chips taking shape today Universe on the ments. Our custom -designed Plus startling ideas still in the minds Graphics Array Processor converts of our engineers. Ultimate Chip massive amounts of information into simulated 3-0 images. With far less If you 're drawn to the challenges of time and expense than conventional microelectronic design, you should At today's GE, young engineers like computers require. Ideal for CAD/ have designs on us. At GE locations Mark Simmons are pushing micro­ CAM systems. For flight simulation. throughout the USA, we design, electronics to the limit, and beyond. For electronic training manuals that manufacture, use and explore In design applications that take them let trainees see over. around, and breakthrough applications in micro­ from the ocean floor to the auto­ even through solid parts' electronics. mated factory to the ultimate frontier - outer space. Or consider GE's Advanced Very Come contemplate the infinite Large Scale Integrated Circuits. With universe. Flex your gray matter with And with each design breakthrough, feature sizes a hundred times smaller the great minds at GE. an amazing revolution takes place. than a human hair. Because as each new GE chip design multiplies microprocessor What's our "electronic blueprint" for A If you can dr_eam it capacity, so grows our capacity to the future? Solar energy chips that 'W' you can do it

General Electric is an equal ()ppO(tunity employer. • A ,egislered trademarl< of General Electric Company. CN6--I< 3?t, 1 ?I Missouri ,t:-3 fc;rt, 0 The UMC College of Engineering Student Magazine

000

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MARCH/APRIL 1986 WHERE CREDIT IS DUE. • • Many students on the S/1n111rvck staff do a lot of behind the scenes work and get little recognition. Below are staff members who have worked hard but haven't been previously acknowledged in the magazine.

Janis Ehrhardt is a junior majoring in elec­ trical and computer engineering. She is a record holder in four events on Mizzou's swimming team, and is the present Big 8 champion in the 100 and 200 yard backstroke. She is currently the Associate Editor of The Shamrock, and was recently elected Editor-in­ Chief for 1986-87 school year. Keith Mueller is a senior majoring in Electri­ cal Engineering. This is his second year on the Shamrock, and his first as Layout/Pro­ duction Editor. He is planning a career in Power Generation or Distribution. Aside from engineering interests, Keith is an avid base­ ball fan, softball player and auto enthusiast.

Mark Schroeder is a senior from Savannah, Missouri which is 60 miles north of Royals stadium. He is majoring in mechanical engi­ neering and is the current Advertising manag­ er having moved up the ranks from writer on the staff. He enjoys golf, the outdoors, and airplane modeling.

Charlie Williams is a senior from Richland, Missouri majoring in mechanical engineering. This is his first year as photographer for the Shamrock. Charlie is a member of ASME, SME, Pi Tau Sigma honor fraternity and Sigma Phi Beta social fraternity. In his spare time he enjoys the outdoors, sailing and racquetball.

Brian Gustin is the Shamrock Business Manager. He will be graduating in August 1986 in electrical engineering. He enjoys motorcycling, trap shooting, very social gath­ erings and he is seriously considering law school after graduation.

Hank Zucker is a senior from St. Louis, Missouri in mechanical engineering. He is a member of ASME, SAE, Pi Tau Sigma, Sigma Alpha Mu, and is treasurer of Tau Beta Pi . He also has a General Motors scholarship. Hank has struggled through the ranks of the Sham- rock hierarchy to finally achieve the title of Humor Editor-a job he takes lightly. Hank's dislikes include: gravitational black holes, the 5th, 6th and 7th games of the 1985 world series, and dirty laundry. He enjoys multi­ wheeled vehicles, Honey-Nut Cheerios and not getting caught. Missouri SHAMROCK On the Cover The UMC College of Engineering Magazine Mar./Apr., 1986 Vol. 79 No. 3 contents

From the Editor's Desk ...... 2

Engineer's Week 1986 ...... 3.

Coffee, Tea, or Sleep? ...... 6

Caffeine, as discovered in a re­ cent poll, i a tumulant used by mo t engineering tudent at Loose Ends ...... 9...... UMC. See tory page 6.

Cover photo by Charle Williams SHAMROCK STAFF Editor Mark DeYoung Business Manager Writers The Mis ouri Shamrock i published Brian Gustin Rob Angerer Roseann Koffkey three time annually (Oct/ ov, Jan/Feb, Managing Editors Mar/Apr) by the engmeenng tudent Advertising Staff of the UMC College of Engineering. Cindy Bohr Opmion tated herein do not neces­ Janice Ehrhardt Mark Schroeder sarily reflect the views of the College Lisa Hemming of Engineering. Copy Editor Chrissa Pavlopoulos Subscription rate is $5.00 per year. Mary Daly Inquiries concerning ubscnpttons or Computer Accounts adverti ing should be directed to Mis­ Production Editor Manager Shamrock, ollege of Engineering, souri Dave Hawkins 1020 Engineering, University of Mi souri­ Keith F. Mueller Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 6521 I. Features Editor Circulation Foremo t, the Shamrock acknowl­ edges it advisors, Robert W. Leavene, Tim Popp Tom Payne Jr, As ociate Professor of Electrical and Technical Editor Humor Editor Computer Engmeenng, Annette Sanders, Director of Engmeenng Com­ Phil Bennett Hank Zuker , UMC College of Engineer­ munication Business Assistant ing, and Dr. Cyru Harbourt, Director Photographer of Engineering Extension. Charlie Williams Rick Distler from the editor's desk Why didn't I go to Rolla? It was my first college party as a freshman . My adrenaline was pumping. I got the nerve to start talking to a pretty girl who wasn't talking to anyone at the time. As usual, instead of asking something off-the-wall, I asked some stock questions such as her name, year in school, and her major. She answered each question with confidence and then returned each question-she was a freshman too. After I told her I was majoring in engineering she asked "why didn't you go to Rolla? Isn't Rolla an engineering school?" I wanted to say, "hey baby, I wouldn't have met you had I gone to Rolla," but instead I stumbled through some answer such as "I have always been a great fan of the Big 8 conference and I hear the Tiger basketball team is supposed to be pretty good this year." As the weeks passed, that question kept popping up from various non-engineering friends and I soon realized I had better come up with a better answer to let these people know that UMC does have an engineering college and it is a great school to get an engineering degree. Now that I'm a senior, the question is seldom heard, but I'm going to put my answer in writing anyway just in case there are people out there who wonder why we have engineering majors at Mizzou. In my four years of college, I've learned many good things about both schools by talking to Rolla transfers and also through reporting for the Shamrock. I've also heard reasons why UMC is the engineering school I would rather attend. Most of the transfers, when asked why they came to Mizzou, say they just wanted a change in atmosphere. Others are more vocal. Of all the comparisons between schools, the most lopsided is the social interaction. Senior UMC electrical engineering student J. D. Streett spent three semesters in Rolla and had this to say: "I met more people in engineering in three weeks (at Mizzou) than I did in three semesters at Rolla. Most of my friends here are people I study with. At Rolla, the competition is so fierce that people won't study together-it's absolute survival." A senior at Rolla this year also told me, "if you want a social life, don't go to Rolla." It's hard to believe that the atmosphere at Rolla is as intense and anti-social as students make it sound. Nevertheless, there are many social activities I enjoy at Mizzou that I couldn't find the last time I went to Rolla . After a long week of studying, there are countless forms of entertainment to be enjoyed in Columbia that offer total release from course work. Perhaps more important than types of entertainment are the variety of people to interact with. It's possible in Columbia to go to a social function and talk to music majors, journalism, psychology, and economics majors to name a few. The nonscientific majors at Rolla account for less than eight percent of their total student population of just over 5000. This, to me, provides UMC engineering students with a better rounded college experience. In four years of college, students of all kinds mature from high school seniors to people who should act as professionals in their career. The necessary personal development to make this transition can't be achieved by studying alone. Senior mechanical engineering student Rick Winegar, who was also director of Mizzou's homecoming this year says, "Studying at UMC and maintaining a respectable GPA allowed me many interviews, but my experiences in managing college activities is what got me my first job." As far as the engineering programs go, both schools have good programs. Rolla has a few more degrees offered than UMC such as petroleum, geological, ceramic, and metallurgical engineering. UMC offers agricultural engineer­ ing which isn't offered at Rolla . The laboratory facilities at Rolla are better by comparison. Aside from facilities, the programs which both schools offer, are similar. The campus student-faculty ratio at Rolla is 18 to 1 while the same ratio at UMC is 15 to 1. As far as job placement, the average starting salaries offered to UMC graduates for 1984-85 in civil, chemical, nuclear, mechanical, electrical and computer engineering was $26,988 a year, while the average starting salaries of the same degrees at Rolla was a close $26,921 a year. In the future, UMC also has many exciting projects planned that are currently being considered for state funding-including a new lab and classroom project which will expand the size and capabilities of the UMC engineering program. Finally, let it be said that thousands of pretty girls, a division I athletic program, a large, beautiful campus with a variety of students and a top-notch engineering program as well, isn't for everyone, but I personally couldn't be happier with my choice.

Mark DeYoung, Editor Missouri SHAMROCK

Page 2 Missouri SHAMROCK ENGINEERS WEEK 1986 New King and Queen Crowned by Chrissa Pavlopoulos Engineers Week, 1986, climaxed Saturday, March 8 at the Engineers Ball, when Engineering King and Queen for the year 1986-87, were crowned. At 10:30 p.m., St. Patrick arrived to make it known that this year's King of "valor and wit" is Mike Shannahan and the Queen of "love and beauty" is Karina Kessler. Engineering King and Queen are each selected from a group of five finalists, by students in the college of Engineering. This year's Engineering King finalists were Bart Eppenauer, Mike Megown, Mike Rust, Mike Shan­ nahan, and Doug Slaughter. The five finalists for Engineering Queen were Cindy Fellers, Karina Kessler, Edna Nichols, Rhonda Schnare, and Ange­ la Wells. Prior to Engineer's Week, these ten finalists traveled through the state of Missouri representing the UMC Col­ lege of Engineering. Also the candidates became a ma­ jor part of the events during Engi­ neer's Week. They put a lot of effort into making this week a success, but they also benefitted from these efforts. According to Mike Rust, "The most important thing that I gained through Engineer's Week, was that I had the privilege of becoming acquainted with many of the students and faculty within the Engineering department." Also important, is the strong feel­ ing of comraderie that developed among the finalists. Mike explains, "At the beginning of the week, I felt that the other four finalists were my competitors, but as the week went by, we became close friends." 1. Bart Eppenauer's King skit shows a student emulating Professor Hensley break dancing at the Physics Ball. 2. The five finalists for 1986 Engineering King are: clockwise from top left, Doug Slaughter, Mike Megown, Mike Shannahan, Bart Eppenauer, and Mike Rust. 3. The five finalists for 1986 Engineering Queen are: clockwise from top left, Edna Nichols, Karina Kessler, Cindy Fellers, Angela Wells, and Rhonda Schnare.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 3 ST. PAT'S BALL ROAD RALLY

The St. Pat's Ball is the final activi­ ty of each engineer's week at UMC. This year's ball was held at the Tiger Hotel on Saturday March 8. The ball featured music, party favors and refreshments.

At left, 1986 Engineering King Mike Shannahan and Queen Karina Kessler were crowned at the ball.

Below, Engineers Club president Karl Zia and St. Pat's Board chairman Kevin Stanley escort St. Patrick to the stage to announce this year's king & queen. ABOVE: This year's road rally started from the Engineering building parking lot and concluded for most cars two hours later at Shakespeare's Pizza. The win­ ning time was 1 hour, 52 min., while worst time was 3 hours and 52 min.

GREEN TEA

EGG

CATAPULT Every year, during Engineer's Week John Swope, Robert UMC Chancellor Barbara Uehling Jones and Randy Harris opens her home to the engineering took first place in the students for the annual "Green Tea ." annual Egg Catapult It is a time for students to meet the contest. Their design pro­ chancellor and mingle with special pelled an egg twenty guests from the College of Engineer­ feet. Their best try was ing. Pictured above, Debby Jensen, within three and one half President of the Society of Women inches of the bullseye. Engineers is greeted by Chancellor Uehling and Mila Kimel, the dean's wife.

Page 4 Missouri SHAMROCK Lab Exhibits

Once again the chemical engineers captured the Dean's trophy for Engineering Laboratory Exhibits during Engineer's Week 1986. This is the fourth consecutive year that the chemical students have won the competition which is judged by local comapnies and based on appearance and neatness; application of engineering principles; potential usefulness to industry or society; student contribution, development and presentation of exhibit; clearness of presentation; and overall impressiveness of unit (department). One of the winning exhibits, shown at ri ght, is a "Glass Menagerie", that produces an electric current from the differences in ion concentration between two fluids. Some other exhibits representing the mechanical department were several wind powered garden chimes, and a capsule pipeline presented by the civil department.

Honor Awards

The 1986 Honor Awards Ceremony was highlighted by the Distinguished Service in Engineering awards given to Michael Witunski , President of James C. McDonnell Foundation; Donald L. Waidelich, Professor Emeritus, Electrical Engineering, Univer­ sity of Missouri-Columbia; James C. Konski , Senior Principle of Konski Engineers; and Jack A. Knuth, Vice President, Group Executive and General Manager of Allied-Signal, Bendix K.C. Division. (Shown seated counter clockwise from upper ri ght, with Engineering Dean, William Kimel.)

Left: The Knighting cere­ mony recognizes out­ standing professionals and graduating seniors who have petitioned for knighthood.

Right: Donald L. Waid­ elich, Professor Emer­ itous of Electrical En­ gineering, kneels before The taff of the Mis ·011ri St. Pat to kiss the Blar­ Slrnmrock greatly appreciate the ney Stone at the knight­ generou donation of Mr. ing ceremony held March ewby L. Miller. 7.

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 5 Coffee, Tea, or Sleep?

by Mary Daly

It is 2:00 AM. The Thermo test is at Caffeine increases the amount of ing successively, effects such as hot 9:40 and you still have two chapters epinephrine and norepinephrine in flashes occur. In the brain, however, to memorize. You pour yourself an­ the body, thus simulating the flight there is no compensatory action; blood other cup of coffee and settle down or fight response. Blood pressure ris­ vessels constrict and blood flow de­ to study. es and pulse rate slows. Caffeine has creases. It is this last physiological You have always tried to schedule other noted effects on the respiratory effect that justifies the existence of classes to start after 10 AM. This and cardiovascular system. Because caffeine in many pain-relieving medi­ semester, however, the design class the drug stimulates the medullary cations. you have to pass to graduate is only respiratory center of the brain, respi­ Caffeine stimulates the entire cen­ offered at 7:40. A trip to the soft ratory rate, oxygen consumption, and tral nervous system. However, since drink machine has become a morning carbon dioxide elimination all increase. some studies have shown that caf­ ritual. Heart rate, cardiac output and the feine increases attention and arousal, After three morning classes, you force of the cardiac muscle contrac­ while other studies have shown that just can't seem to concentrate enough tions also increase. However, caffeine the drug decreases these responses, to stay awake for your 2:40. You grab also stimulates the compensatory va­ it can be assumed that the effect is a candy bar for a quick pick-me-up. gal centers in the medulla, thus lower­ dependent on factors beyond the caf­ These three scenarios, each famil­ ing the heart rate. This type of antago­ feine usage. In a recent survey of iar to many engineering students, nistic action also affects blood circu­ engineering students (see related have at least one disquieting theme. lation. Caffeine causes the smooth story) almost twenty-five percent of In order to perform more efficiently muscles of the coronary, pulmonary, the respondents reported feeling ner­ and for longer periods of time, many and general systemic blood vessel vous or jittery after caffeine use. A students rely on stimulants-the most walls to dilate, making the person slightly lower percentage also claimed obvious and available being caffeine. feel flushed or hot, while stimulating to suffer from insomnia. Caffeine is a socially acceptable drug the medullary vasomoter center, thus Other side effects mentioned by available in many forms. While cof­ constricting these vessels. Thus, while respondents also have a physiologi­ fee is the most commonly acknowl­ the vessels are dilating and constrict- cal basis in fact. Approximately thir- edged source of caffeine, the stimu­ lant is also found in many soft drinks, tea, chocolate, and some over the counter drugs. The caffeine content of a cup of coffee ranges from 75 to 155 milligrams (mg) while a cup of tea has 9 to 50 mg. A can of cola (12 ounces) ranges from 30 to 65 mg of caffeine and a cup of cocoa has 2 to 40 mg. One ounce of milk chocolate has 6 mg while common over-the­ counter stimulant tablets (such as NoDoz) contain 100 to 200 mg. Caf­ feine, being a naturally occurring compound, is also present in many prepared foods and in some prescrip­ tion and non-prescription medications. Low (0-249 mg/day) to moderate (250-749 mg/day) caffeine use is not currently associated with any long­ term medical complications. However, Photo by Charles Williams there are physiological and psycho­ Many students find studying after midnight impossible without the use of logical effects present even with re­ caffeine. The wide variety of sources makes the drog available to all types of sponsible caffeine usage. students.

Page 6 Missouri SHAMROCK teen percent of the respondents com­ urinary activity. This is due to the fact plained of nausea, stomach aches and that caffeine, like beer, is a natural heartburn. This can be explained by diuretic. Several students also de­ the increase in the gastric secretion of scribed tight or sore muscles. While M·~~g~k~I acid caused by the ingestion of caf­ caffeine relaxes smooth muscle, un­ We Salute Future E~ineers. feine. The increase in acid can also der experimental conditions it has We hove a large selection cause ulcers to worsen. The heart­ been shown to increase skeletal mus­ of burn reported is probably due to re­ cle twitch tension. Thus neck and Professional & Student laxation of the esophageal sphincter, back muscles become tigher and fa­ Grode Engineering allowing a reflux of the acidic gastric tigue from tension may set in. juice. Supplies Moodiness, depression and being and Several students reported headaches high-strung were also reported as or "coffee hang-overs". This is due side effects of caffeine. These psycho­ Products. to the withdrawal of the system from logical symptoms, along with anxiety, On the Lowry Mall. the effects of caffeine. While ingest­ agitation, and irritability, are corrobo­ M-F Sat . ing more caffeine will relieve the rated by several studies. These ef­ s-s 10-3 headache, the real problem is pro­ fects are due to caffeine's stimulation ~l~r~~! longed by excessive use of caffeine. of the central nervous system. At low Caffeine is not addictive but it is to average doses (85 to 250 mg) caf­ habit forming. Studies suggest that feine usage can result in feelings of people will feel mood effects more reducing caffeine intake gradually will less drowsiness, less fatigue and easi­ intensely than other people. alleviate all withdrawal symptoms. er flow of thoughts. However, be­ The use of caffeine also has definite Another common side-effect re­ cause people have greatly varying performance effects. Studies have vealed by the survey is an increase in sensitivities to this stimulation, some shown that physical endurance is in-

A recent survey, conducted by the SHAMROCK, polled engineering students about their caffeine usage. One hundred eleven surveys were returned and the results are tabulated below. Participants were asked to describe any side effects they had encountered through caffeine use. Most of the side effects are explained in the story above. However, some of the reported effects are beyond explanation. One senior male even expressed "an insane desire to marry Mrs. Olsen." Many students also described other methods they used to stay awake. Several students recommended standing on your head, staying hungry and cold, exercising, listening to irritating or loud music, and, most sensibly, getting more sleep. The attitudes prevalent in the survey are perhaps best described by a comment of a senior male. "Caffeine is less effective than toothpicks stuck in eyelids, but is also more socially acceptable." The fact that caffeine is so socially acceptable makes it the widely used drug that it is.

CAFFEINE USAGE PATTERNS OF UMC ENGINEERING STUDENTS (percentages)

MALES FEMALES SENIORS JUNIORS TOTAL (91) (20) (78) (27) (111) USAGE: Never 3 0 3 4 2.5 Occasionally 42 35 41 41 41 1-2/day 35 50 33 44 38 3-5/day 17 15 20 7 16 6 or more/day 3 0 3 4 2.5 SOURCES: Coffee 48 so 54 30 49 Tea 32 40 38 26 33 Soft Drinks 77 85 81 74 78 OTC Drugs 9 10 10 7 9 Other 0 10 1 4 2 Usage increases during finals 60 70 68 56 62

Missouri SHAMROCK Page 7 Your FLUKE multimeter and accessories are waiting for you at our Arts and Engineering Photo by Charles Williams counter! While staying up late can cause blurred vision, the side effects of excessive caffeine use can be much more serious. I-University UD• Book Store in IM br.dyc01M1on1 creased while hand-eye coordination and pancreatic cancer. Tea consump­ is decreased. Regular reaction time is tion is linked to intestinal cancer and decreased at low doses, however, to larynx, lung, and breast cancer in choice decision time is increased. women. While low to moderate caffeine us­ Despite the many side effects and AlpltA ElEcTRONic lAbs. age has no lasting effects (caffeine risks associated with caffeine, stu­ has a half-life of only 3.5 hours), dents will continue to use the drug as ESTABLISHED 1975 extended high level (over 750 mg/day) long as the demand for increased usage can result in caffeinism. Caf­ performance exists. However, avail­ STOCKING feinism is a pathological dependence able studies reveal that the risks are ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS on caffeine. Large volumes of caf­ relatively low if a mature, moderate feine are consumed and are associat­ approach to using caffeine is imple­ IC'S ed with insomnia, hyperirritability, mented. DTL, TTL, LS, S, HC, HCT, C, H, L anxiety, weight loss, bouts of flushing Wishing you hadn't stayed up un­ and chilliness, headache, palpitations til 4:00 AM cramming for the Thermo TRANSISTORS and a mild increase in body tempera­ final, you turn off the alarm as you 2N, TIP, MPS, MJE, MJ ture. Withdrawal symptoms include craw.I from bed. As you start the Mr. IESISTOIS fatigue, headache and mild confu­ Coffee machine you wonder, "Maybe V.W, ¼W, 5/eW, 1W, 2W. and higher sion with decreased reaction time. it would have been better to study More serious physical damage is consistently all semester and not to CAPACITORS associated with individual caffeine have stayed up last night." You pour mica, film, chip, disk, electrolytic sources. Coffee is linked to myocardi­ a cup of coffee and brace yourself for al infarction, (heart attack) leukemia, the day. KITS • ■read ■o.ds • Connectors ~nd Computer Supplies Mary Daly is a senior in mechanical en­ gineering and a native of Columbia, Missouri. This is her first year with The Shamrock and her first experience at being a Copy Editor. Mary is a member of ASME, Society of Wom­ en Engineers, and Pi Tau Sigma honor society. 11lpk11 dECJAONic l11bs. She survived the EIT without resorting to 705 Vandiver 31'/174-1514 Vandiver Vijlage coffee and hopes someday to pursue a gradu- Columbia, MO 65202 ate degree in technical communications.

Page 8 Missouri SHAMROCK Loose Ends Distinguished Service Award Paul N. Doll recently received the 1985 National Society of Professional Engineers Distinguished Service Award. This award recognizes eminent technical contributions to the field of engineering. Doll graduated from the University of Missouri-Columbia with a B.S. in agricultural engineering in 1936 and his M.S. in agricultural engineering in 1937. He was instrumental in the founding of Alpha Epsilon national agricultural engineering honorary, Agricultural Engi­ neers of Missouri, Inc. and the Agricultural Engineering Building Steering Committee at UMC. Doll has also been a dedicated alumnus of UMC. In 1979 the department of agricultural engineering recognized hi s support by establishing a scholarship in his name.

Silver Anniversary Award . .. CONGRATULATIONS to Elaine M. Charlson, assistant professor of electrical engineering at UMC, who has recently been selected to receive the 1986 Silver Anniversary Alumni Award presented by the University. Her specialty is in solid state, integrated circuit, and solar cell technology. Dr. Charlson is a native Missourian from St. Louis, and she earned both the MS and PhD degrees in electrical engineering from UMC. She is the recipient of a number of research grants, co-author of several technical publications, and recipient of the graduating seniors' Outstanding Teacher Award in December 1985. Under Dr. Charlson's guidance, the electrical engineering honors program has grown from seven members in 1981 to some eighty students enrolled this semester. Her husband, Dr. E.J. Charlson, is a also a professor of electrical engineering at UMC.

Car/0011 1!_11 Ha11k Zucker Who Ya Gonna Call? Plwtos /,_11 Char/cs Williams AND Now,

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