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Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 164 Proceedings of International Scientific and Practical Conference “Russia 2020 - a new reality: economy and society” (ISPCR 2020) Clustering of the Economic Space of the Volga Regions Napolskikh D.L. Volga State University of Technology, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia, [email protected] Abstract––The article discusses the promising directions of The absence at the level of the Volga macroregion as an clustering of the economic systems of the Volga region, as well as integral strategy of regional integration within the framework the localization of cluster initiatives in the economic space. The of joint projects of cluster development (including intersectoral author's approach to the development of an integrated cluster development) is a limiting factor in the socio-economic model of the economic space of Russian regions is to consider development of Russian regions [5]. innovation clusters as fundamental segments of the innovation economy. The article is devoted to the analysis of the spatial and II. PROBLEM STATEMENT economic conditions for regulating the processes of clustering and innovative development on the example of the Volga region. It is Determining the optimal sectoral profile of cluster concluded that the current stage of the implementation of cluster initiatives and their location in the economic space makes it policy in the Volga region is characterized by both multipolar and possible to achieve the following prerequisites for sustainable unipolar models of clustering the economic space. The tendencies socio-economic development of Russian regions: of the formation of multicluster formations of intersectoral type, • harmonization of the structure of the distribution of acting as poles of regional economic growth, are determined. productive forces within the boundaries of federal Priority areas of interregional integration within the framework districts and subjects of the Russian Federation; of joint cluster projects for each of the Volga regions are considered, areas of interaction with neighboring federal districts • increasing the level of diversification of production within the framework of the national cluster policy are within the framework of the implementation of the determined. import substitution policy at the regional level; Keywords––clustering of the economy, economic development of • equalization of economic and social development of regions, Volga regions, interregional integration Russian regions. I. INTRODUCTION To date, theoretical approaches to regulating clustering The current economic environment is creating the processes in the economic space are actively developing [6]. preconditions for improving the management of clustering Accordingly, the need to take into account both all-Russian and processes within interregional economic systems [1]. Volga region problems of cluster development management Interregional cluster integration is one of the additional factors determined the purpose of this work. for the socio-economic development of Russian regions, while III. RESEARCH QUESTIONS the formation of inter-sectoral cluster formations in order to spread innovation and diversify production in priority areas of It seems expedient to compile a list of both successfully economic activity remains relevant [2]. functioning clusters and potential clusters for each region of the Volga region. No less important for the study is the A strategic approach to the implementation of state cluster visualization of the processes of clustering the economic space policy in the Volga region involves the formation of several on the map. Determination of the main directions of innovative clusters based on successful cluster initiatives – interregional integration of the Volga regions within the leaders in the investment attractiveness of the world level [3]. framework of joint projects will help to explain the At the same time, achieving global competitiveness contradictions of cluster development. presupposes the activation of the Volga regions that do not use IV. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY the potential of this form of economic development, which partially solves the problem of low domestic demand in certain The purpose of the study is to determine the main promising regions of Russia through interregional integration within the directions of clustering the economic space of the Volga framework of joint cluster projects [4]. microregion. Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press B.V. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 332 Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 164 V. RESEARCH METHODS The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the concepts and hypotheses in the field of cluster theory, theory Innovative of spatial development [7, 8]. The solution of the set scientific environmental Tourist and tasks required the use of such general theoretical research Agricultural multicluster recreational cluster methods as abstraction and concretization, analysis and cluster synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison and opposition. The methodological toolkit of such areas of scientific thought as economic geography and regional Innovative biotechno- economics was used. The solution of these problems requires logical the use of the following scientific methods: historical, cluster economic and statistical, comparative and systems analysis; systematization of the analyzed regional economic systems, Metallurgical clusters and their elements; zoning, cartography, etc. cluster Aviation VI. FINDINGS cluster Petrochemical In the course of analyzing the sectoral aspects of clustering cluster Oil the economy of the Volga region, priority directions of engineering cluster clustering were identified for each of the regions. Power engineering Republic of Bashkortostan. The Ufa agglomeration is a cluster clustering center for the economy of the Republic of Multicluster Bashkortostan. Oktyabrsky, Sterlitamak, Beloretsk are also of innovative identified as major centers of economy clustering. engineering The following clusters are identified as promising for the economic development of the region: Fig. 1. Integration of promising clusters of the Republic of Bashkortostan into multi-cluster formations (developed by the author) • Oil cluster. This cluster is located in the Oktyabrsky- Tuymazsky industrial hub. Orenburg region. The Orenburg and Orsk-Novotroitsk agglomerations are the centers of cluster processes in the • Petrochemical cluster. It is located on the territory of the regional economy. Buzuluk is also highlighted as a major Sterlitamak (South Bashkir) agglomeration- center of economy clustering. agglomeration. The following clusters have been identified as promising • Aviation cluster. The center of the cluster is the mono- for the economic development of the region: the petrochemical territory of Kumertau, the main participants are also cluster (location – the cities of Orenburg, Buzuluk), the oil and located on the territory of the Ufa agglomeration. gas cluster of the Orenburg region (location – the cities of Orsk, • Energy cluster. It is located on the territory of the Ufa Orenburg, Buzuluk), metallurgical. cluster of the Orenburg agglomeration. region (localization - the cities of Orsk, Novotroitsk, Gai), an energy cluster (localization of the city of Mednogorsk, • Metallurgical cluster (cluster center – Beloretsk mono- Orenburg), an agro-industrial cluster (distributed over the territory). region with centers in Orenburg and the Sol-Iletsk district). • Cluster of innovative biochemistry. It is located on the Thus, the transformation of the economic space of the territory of the Ufa agglomeration. region based on the clustering of production has the following features. We note the key border position of the region with the Thus, the transformation of the economic space of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the possibility of forming border Republic of Bashkortostan based on the clustering of clusters with industrial hubs Aktobe and Uralsk. Possibility of production has the following features. Let us emphasize the economic integration with other regions in the following key multipolarity of cluster processes in the republic points: with the Samara region – the industrial hub Buzluk, (agglomeration of clusters) and the possibility of forming with the Chelyabinsk region – the Orsk-Novotroitsk multi-cluster formations on the basis of the integrating role of agglomeration, with the Republic of Bashkortostan-Orenburg the Ufa agglomeration. The scheme for the integration of agglomeration. We emphasize the multipolarity of cluster promising clusters in the region developed by the author is processes in the republic (merging of clusters) and the shown in Fig. 1. possibility of the formation of multi-cluster formations. A We note the key transport position of the republic in the prospective scheme for the formation of multiclusters for the Urals and the possibility of economic integration with other Orenburg region is shown in Fig. 2. regions at the following key points: with the Samara region - The Republic of Tatarstan. The center of the clustering the Oktyabrsko-Tuymaz industrial hub (oil – Machine-building processes of the economy of the Republic of Tatarstan is the cluster), with the Chelyabinsk region – the Beloretsk industrial special economic space “Volgo-Kama megapolis”, the synergy hub (metallurgical cluster), with the Orenburg
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