Catatlog of ,Jiistorical G~uildinlgs, A,ites and 6Jiemains in )ennsylvania

A REPORT OF THE JOINT STATE GOVERNMENT COMMISSION TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF

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Catalog of ?Jiisto ricaI 63uildings, Sites and 6Iiemains in Pennsylvania

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A REPORT OF THE JOINT STATE GOVERNMENT COMMISSION TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA

MARCH, 1949 The Joint State Government Commission was created by Act No. 459, Session of 1937, as amended by Act No. 380, Session of 1939, and Act No. 4, Session of 1943, as a con- tinuing agency for the development of facts and recom- mendations on all phases of government for the use of the General Assembly. JOINT STATE GOVERNMENT COMMISSION

Honorable WELDON B. HEYBURN, Chairman Honorable BAKER ROYER, Vice Chairman Honorable HERBERT P. SORG, Secretary-Treasurer

Senate Members House Members JOSEPH M. BARR HIRAM G. ANDREWS LEROY E. CHAPMAN ADAM T. BOWER JOHN H. DENT HOMER S. BROWN ANTHONY J. DISILVESTRO CHARLES H. BRUNNER, JR. JAMES A. GELTZ EDWIN C. EWING WELDON B. HEYBURN IRA T. Fiss FREDERICK L. HOMSHER ROBERT D. FLEMING A. EVANS KEPHART W. STUART HELM A. H. LETZLER EARL E. HEWITT, SR. JOHN G. SNOWDEN THOMAS H. LEE 0. J. TALLMAN ALBERT S. READINGER M. HARVEY TAYLOR BAKER ROYER JOHN M. WALKER HERBERT P. SORG

GUY W. DAVIS, Counsel and Director PAUL H. WUELLER, Associate Director in Charge of Research and Statistics L. D. STAMBAUGH, Resident Secretary ANTOINETTE S. GIDDINGS, Administrative Assistant

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3246t09 JOINT STATE GOVERNMENT COMMISSION HISTORICAL SUBCOMMITTEE

Honorable JOSEPH A. DAGUE, Chairman Honorable C. ARTHUR BLASS, Vice Chairman

Senate Members House Members C. ARTHUR BLASS FRANaS W. BUCCHIN LEROY E. CHAPMAN JOSEPH A. DAGUE Louis H. FARRELL JOHN R. HAUDENSHIELD FRED P. HARE, JR. EARL E. HEWITT, SR. FRANK W. RUTH CHARLES J. MILLS ISRAEL STIEFEL JOHN M. REILLY

THE PENNSYLVANIA HISTORICAL AND MUSEUM COMMISSION

CHARLES J. BIDDLE, Chairman JOHN W. OLIVER FRANCES DORRANCE EDGAR T. STEVENSON A. ATWATER KENT, JR. CHARLES G. WEBB THOMAS MURPHY RICHARD NoRRIs WILLIAMS, 2d

FRANCIS B. HAAS, ex-officio Superintendent of Public Instruction DONALD A. CADzow, Executive Director S. K. STEVENS, State Historian

iv COMMITTEE OF ADVISORS TO THE JOINT STATE GOVERNMENT COMMISSION HISTORICAL SUBCOMMITTEE

Honorable EDWIN 0. LEWIS, Chairman Chairman of the National Shrines Park Commission Philadelphia

A. P. AKELEY CHARLES F. JENKINS President of the Potter County Historical Society President of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania Coudersport Philadelphia

EDWARD R. BARNSLEY THOMAS MURPHY President of the Bucks County Historical Society, and Member of the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum former member of the Pennsylvania Historical Com- Commission and President of the Lackawanna His- mission torical Society Doylestown Scranton

KIRKE BRYAN HENRY PLEASANTS, JR., M.D. President of the Historical Society of Montgomery Director of the Chester County Historical Society County West Chester Norristown RicHARD NoRius WILLIAMS, 2ND MERLE H. DEARDORFF Member of the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum President of the Warren County Historical Society Commission and Director of the Historical Society of Warren Pennsylvania HuGo FREAR Philadelphia Editor of the Bedford Gazette Bedford LEO E. WILT President of the Bradford County Historical Society Louis J. HEIZMANN Towanda President of the Historical Society of Berks County Reading FRANCES A. WISTER President of the Philadelphia Society for the Preserva- ELIZABETH C. HENSYL tion of Landmarks President of the Pennsylvania Federation of Historical Philadelphia Societies Berwick Ross PIER WRIGHT FRANKLIN F. HOLBROOK Member of the Erie County Historical Society and Director of the Historical Society of Western Pennsyl- former chairman of the Pennsylvania Historical Com- vania mission Erie

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HE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA is 'rich in historical treasure of interest not only to the citizens of the State, but to the people of the entire country, since it was here that the history of the as a nation began, and here that many of America's founders had their homes. In addition to the buildings in which much of the country's early history was written, and the homes of men who contributed to its writing, Pennsylvania has also the sites and buildings which mark the beginning of both the State and the Nation's industrial heritage. Monuments to Pennsylvania's long established principle of religious tolerance are the early churches and religious settlements which found welcome here in colonial times. Relics, buildings and sites connected with the pioneer days of the country commemorate the success- ful struggle of a people to conquer new land and hold it against hostile interference.

LTHOUGH CONCERN OFTEN HAS BEEN EXPRESSED over the loss to the public of many places of historical interest, no extensive listing of the still existing historical build- ings, sites and archaeological remains has been available heretofore for the guidance of those interested in their preservation. It is the purpose of this catalog to show those places of historical value whose preservation is of greatest importance to the Commonwealth. In many cases, the buildings, sites and remains designated as being of primary importance are, at present, in the hands of organizations and groups who are able and competent guardians of this heritage of the State. These structures are included in this listing because, while the present owners and administrators are performing a great service to the public in caring for these places, the time may come when lack of local interest, or loss of funds, prevents their continued supervision and it then may be the duty of the Commonwealth to assume responsibility for the continued preservation of these historically important sites.

PENNSYLVANIA HAS BEEN FORTUNATE in the past in having patriotic citizens and pub- lic spirited organizations who have interested themselves in these symbols of the State's past and who have purchased and provided for the preservation of many buildings and landmarks. It has been through the efforts of these citizens that many of the historical shrines are preserved today, since these private groups were able to act more quickly to prevent demolition or destruction than would have been possible for the Commonwealth government. Nevertheless, historical landmarks and buildings worthy of preservation already have been lost for want of prompt action or of anticipating legislation which would have prevented the disposal of property of historical significance until the General Assembly could move to consider assuming respon- sibility for its preservation.

T IS THE RECOMMENDATION of the Joint State Government Commission that legislation be passed to prohibit the destruction or sale of any of the buildings or sites designated in the following listing as being of prime historical importance, until the proposed action has been brought to the attention of the General Assembly at its regular session.

[ 1] The wealth of places having historical associations made the choice of the most important a diffi- cult one. Anyone reading the listing of famous buildings and sites in a county with which he is familiar, undoubtedly will feel that many more should have been designated as being of primary con- cern to the General Assembly. However, it was felt that the designations should be made only for those buildings, sites and remains which were of the greatest interest, since this catalog is intended to serve as a guide for the preservation of the historic structures and landmarks which are of prime concern to the Commonwealth. The listing which follows presents only items of great general interest. No attempt has been made to include all items of importance in connection with specific historical events.

"-HIS CATALOG LISTS THE HISTORICAL BUILDINGS, sites and remains by counties, ar- ranged in alphabetical order. Wherever possible, each listing includes a brief description of the event or events which give the building or site historical or archaeological importance, the location, present ownership and state of repair. In designating the places of primary significance, the following standards were used as guides: 1. The building served as the residence or was the birthplace of some notable person. 2. The building was a meeting place for some historically important gathering. 3. The structure or site was the first location of some important industrial, social or reli- gious development. 4. The building once housed an industry which played an important role in connection with an event of historical importance. 5. The building, or site, although not associated with a significant event or notable person, is representative of the architecture and mode of life of a period or culture in the growth of the State.

In judging each item, the following factors were given consideration: 1. Generality of historical significance.-An old homestead may be worth preserving because it once served as the home of the first settler of a particular region; however, unless the homestead is architecturally unique, or the first settler was prominent in other than purely local affairs, it may not be advisable to finance restoration or preservation out of State funds. 2. Uniqueness.-A structure may be a splendid example of the architecture of a given period or culture and yet its restoration or preservation at Commonwealth expense may be difficult to justify because numerous similar examples of the architectural type may be scattered through the State and already marked for preservation for additional reasons. 3. Accessibility.-An historically significant structure, by virtue of changes in modes of transporta- tion, may have become virtually inaccessible to visitors. 4. Present condition of the structure.-Faithful restoration is costly and often impossible where extensive records are unavailable. The preservation of the items designated by * should be of prime concern to the Commonwealth. [2] IBM Adalms County MIN

CASHTOWN INN (1797) Cashtown, on U. S. Seminary founded in 1826. Seminary property. route 30. Early stagecoach stop. Private property. Ref: Adams County Historical Society. Ref: Adams County Historical Society. MENALLEN FRIENDS MEETINGHOUSE Near CHRIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH York Springs. Ref: Flora Dale, about 1 mile, south of Bendersville. Adams County Historical Society. Brick structure erected 1884 to replace log meet- CHRIST REFORMED CHURCH Near Littlestown. inghouse built in 1838. Church property. Ref: Ref: Adams County Historical Society. Adams County Historical Society. PENNSYLVANIA HALL, Gettysburg College CONEWAGO CHAPEL (1787) Near McSherrys- (1836-37) Gettysburg. Early dormitory of Gettys- town; northwest of town. Early chapel, built by burg College, founded 1832. College property. the Jesuit Society and still in use. Church property. Ref: Adams County Historical Society. Ref: Adams County Historical Society. ROCK CHAPEL (1773, rebuilt 1849) Near Heidlers- THE GREAT CONEWAGO PRESBYTERIAN burg off U. S. route 15 north of town. Early CHURCH (1787) Hunterstown; on Pennsylvania Methodist Church in the region, and still in use. route 394. Early Presbyterian church in the region, Church property. Ref: Adams County Historical and still in use. Church property. Ref: Adams Society. County Historical Society. RUSSELL TAVERN Near Gettysburg, just off Penn- DOBBIN HOUSE (1776) Gettysburg; Steinwehr sylvania route 34 north of town. Early tavern, Avenue. Early classical school west of Susquehanna stopping place of at time of River, now maintained as a museum. Private Whiskey Rebellion, 1794. Private property. property. Ref: Adams County Historical Society. (Marked by D. A. R., 1938). Ref: Gettysburg * GETTYSBURG BATTLEFIELD Gettysburg. Battle- Chapter, D. A. R.; Adams County Historical So- field (1863). Scene of decisive Civil War engage- ciety. ment. National military park maintained by Fed- JOHN HANSON STEELMAN MONUMENT Near eral Government. Ref: ; Zora, one mile east of town. Monument. Marks Adams County Historical Society. of home of Indian trader and pioneer settler west HUNTINGDON FRIENDS MEETINGHOUSE of Susquehanna River. Ref: Pennsylvania His- Near York Springs. Ref: Adams County Historical torical and Museum Committee; Adams County Society. Historical Society. MARY JEMISON MONUMENT Near Cashtown, STUDEBAKER WAGON WORKS (c.1830-1835) off Pennsylvania route 234, northwest of town. Tyrone Township off Legislative route 01005 on Statue, marks site of home of noted Indian captive. road to Hunterstown. Remains of log structures. On property of St. Ignatius Roman Catholic Church. Site of wagon works operated by John Studebaker, Ref: Adams County Historical Society. father of founder of the Studebaker Motor Car Company. Private property. Ref: Adams County LOWER MARSH CREEK PRESBYTERIAN Historical Society. CHURCH (1790, later remodeled) Near Gettys- burg off Pennsylvania route 116 about 5 miles west WIERMAN'S MILL (c. 1700) Near York Springs of town. Stone church built for a congregation off U. S. route 15, i/2 mile south on L. R. 01042. organized about 1748. Said to have been used as Mill ruins. Remains of a very early mill. Private a hospital by the Confederate Army during Battle property. Ref: Adams County Historical Society. of Gettysburg. Church property. Ref: Adams * WILLS HOUSE Gettysburg, York St. at Square. County Historical Society. Brick structure. Overnight stopping place of pres- LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY DOR- ident Abraham Lincoln where he prepared final MITORY AND FACULTY HOUSES (1832) revision of Gettysburg Address. Private property. Gettysburg. Buildings of the Lutheran Theological Ref: Adams County Historical Society. [3] 511 Allegheny (County 514. THOMAS J. BIGHAM HOUSE (1844) Pittsburgh, DINSMORE HOUSE Near New Kensington. Stone Chatham Village. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.' His- and log structure. Example of simple pioneer torical Society of . home. Original log home enlarged with stone addition. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. * BRADDOCK'S FIELD (1755) Braddock and North W. P. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. Braddock. Battlefield. Scene of General Brad- dock's defeat by French and Indians. Area is now * STEPHEN C. FOSTER BIRTHPLACE Pittsburgh, occupied by towns and completely built up. Ref: 3600 Penn Avenue. Frame house. Present struc- Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. ture occupies site of original birthplace of noted composer. Now city property in neglected condi- BRASHEAR WORKSHOP Pittsburgh, 919 Carson tion. Ref: Historical Society of Western Penn- Street, . Workshop. Place where John sylvania. A. Brashear, noted astronomer, produced scientific instruments. Property of Brashear Association, JOHN FREW HOUSE. (Before 1800, with later Inc. Ref: Brashear Assoc. Inc., Pittsburgh; His- additions) Crafton. Stone and brick house. Fine torical Society of Western Pennsylvania. example of native design adapted to its setting and supply of local building materials. Private prop- "BURKE'S BUILDING" (c. 1836) Pittsburgh, erty. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Historical Society Fourth Ave., off Market Street. Stone structure. of Western Pennsylvania. Greek Revival style building designed by John before Chislett, Pittsburgh, most noted architect HAND'S HOSPITAL Crafton, West Steuben Street. 1860, for Robert and Andrew Burke. One of the Marked site on Crafton Athletic Field. Location first office buildings of the city. Private property. of hospital erected by General Edward Hand, 1777, of Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Historical Society for troops at Fort Pitt. Marked site. Ref: His- Western Pennsylvania. torical Society of Western Pennsylvania. TOWN Tarentum. Unidentified site. CHARTIER'S HUGH JACKSON HOUSE (1808) Near Mt. Shawnee Indian town stood in this vicin- Important Lebanon. Stone structure plastered over. Simple Area now built up. Pri- ity, early-18th century. style pioneer home in durable stone. Private prop- property. Ref: Historical Society of Western vate erty. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Historical Society Pennsylvania. of Western Pennsylvania. SAMUEL CHURCH HOUSE, "Woodlawn" (1833) JAMES KADDOO HOUSE Near Finleyville. Brick Pittsburgh. Brick house. Large home done in house. Early house with a recessed cantilever, gal- Greek Revival style with a temple portico. Occu- lery porch. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. pied by Logan Community Center. Ref: Stotz: W. P. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. E. A. W. P.; Historical Society of Western Penn- sylvania. LEET TAVERN (c. 1800) Leetsdale. Stone struc- Leet, brother WILLIAM CROGHAN HOUSE, "Picnic House" ture. Tavern built by Major Daniel founder of Leetsdale. Private property. Ref: (c. 1835, with later brick additions) Pittsburgh, of Historical Society of Western opposite 4424 Stanton Avenue, at Stanton Heights Stotz: E. A. W. P. Pennsylvania. Golf Course. Stone and brick house. Exterior of home reflects the Classical Revival style of archi- ISAAC LIGHTNER HOUSE (1833) Near Glen- tecture, and interior is most splendid example of shaw. Brick house. Large house slightly influ- Greek Revival features in Western Pennsylvania. enced by Greek Revival style; has elevated "Eng- Museum property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. lish basement." Old outbuildings are preserved Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. and are of architectural interest. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Historical Society of 1 Stotz, Charles M., Early Architecture of Western Pennsyl- vania. Hereafter cited as Stotz: E. A. W. P. Western Pennsylvania. [4] -I-,-- 1

ANDREW W. MELLON BIRTHPLACE Pittsburgh, characteristics. Church property. Ref: Stotz: 401 Negley Avenue. Birthplace of Andrew W. E. A. W. P.; Historical Society of Western Penn- Mellon, former U. S. Secretary of Treasury. Pri- sylvania. vate property. Ref: Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. SHEPHERD'S HOUSE, JAMES PATTERSON FARM (1830) Near Dravosburg. Stone structure. JAMES MILLER HOUSE (c. 1808, later additions) Simple stone structure of primitive design. Pri- Pittsburgh, in South Park. Stone house. Good vate property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Histor- illustration of indigenous style architecture. Pri- ical Society of Western Permsylvania. vate property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Histori- cal Society of Western Pennsylvania. DAVID SHIELDS HOUSE (1816) Shields. Brick house. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. ROBERT NEAL HOUSE (c. 1787) Pittsburgh. Log Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. house. A well-preserved, single-room log house with loft. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. JOHN H. - SHOENBERGER HOUSE (c. 1847) W. P. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. Pittsburgh, 425 Penn Avenue. Brick, stuccoed. FELIX NEGLEY HOME (1797, later rebuilt) Elaborate structure illustrating Greek Revival influ- Tarentum. Log house, clapboarded. Home built ence built by son of pioneer ironmaster, Dr. Peter by first settler at the present town. Private prop- Shoenberger. Interiors are well-preserved features. erty. Ref: Historical Society of Western Penn- Home of Pittsburgh Club. Private property. Ref: sylvania. Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. PRESLEY NEVILLE HOUSE (1785, additions 1846) Woodville on Pennsylvania Route 519. JOHN WILLIAMS SPRINGHOUSE (1832) Near Frame house. Built by General John Neville and Mt. Lebanon. Stone structure. Private property. later occupied by his son, Colonel Presley Neville. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Historical Society of Refuge during Whiskey Rebellion, 1794. Ref: Western Pennsylvania. Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. NICHOLAS WAY HOUSE (1838) Sewickley. Brick structure. Home combines features of basically ETHELBERT W. NEVIN BIRTHPLACE Edge- Georgian design with Greek Revival portico. Has worth, Woodland Road. Birthplace of Ethelbert elevated or "English basement." Private property. W. Nevin, noted composer. House currently Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Society of named "Vineacre." Private property. Ref: His- Western Pennsylvania. torical Society of Western Pennsylvania. * FORT PITT BLOCKHOUSE (1764) Pittsburgh, WAY TAVERN (1810, enlarged 1820) Edgeworth. "The Point." Blockhouse. Surviving fortification Brick structure. Built as a private residence, later of Fort Pitt; built by Colonel Henry Bouquet. enlarged for tavern purposes. Private property. Owned and maintained by D. A. R. of Allegheny Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Society of County. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P., D. A. R. Pitts- Western Pennsylvania. burgh Chapter. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. DANIEL WILLOUGHBY HOUSE (Before 1823) Near Ingomar. Log structure. Example of larger A. S. RHODES HOUSE Near McKeesport. Log size pioneer log house. Private property. Ref: house. Early log house. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Society of Western Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. YOHOGANIA COURTHOUSE Near West Eliza- DANIEL RISHER SPRINGHOUSE (1830) Hays. beth, off Pennsylvania route 837 southwest of Stone structure. Well-built springhouse. Private town. Unmarked site. Location of courthouse property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical (1777-1780) for the Virginia county of Yohogania Society of Western Pennsylvania. before settlement of Pennsylvania-Virginia bound- ST. LUKE'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH (1853) Wood- ary dispute. Private property. Ref: Historical ville. Stone structure. Rectangular with Gothic Society of Western Pennsylvania. [ 5 ] SIN AIrmstrong _County DU

ARMSTRONG COUNTY COURTHOUSE (1860) KITTANNING INDIAN TOWN Vicinity of Kit- Kittanning. Brick structure. Good illustration of tanning. Unidentified site. Important Delaware Greek Revival architecture adapted to public build- Indian town, destroyed by Armstrong Expedition, ing. County property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. 1756. Site presumably covered by city of Kittan- Armstrong County Historical Society. ning. (Marker placed and maintained by Pennsyl- BRADY'S BEND IRON WORKS Near Bradys vania Historical Commission, 1926) Ref: Arm- Bend, Pennsylvania route 68 just west of town. strong County Historical Society. Remains of iron works. Site of early center of iron industry in western Pennsylvania. Private ST. PATRICK'S R. C. CHURCH (1805, later re- property. Ref: Armstrong County Historical So- stored) Near Adams, three miles southwest of town ciety. at Boyle's Cross Roads. Log church. Surviving FORT ARMSTRONG Manorville, on Pennsylvania example of a pioneer church; restored and pre- route 66. Unmarked site. Site, not precisely iden- served as a memorial to the original congregation. tified, of fort built for Brodhead Expedition, 1779. Church property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Cath- Area privately owned and built up. Ref: Arm- olic Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania, strong County Historical Society. Pittsburgh. Armstrong County Historical Society.

M.1.4 Beaver caountzy 0 0 BIG BEAVER BLOCK HOUSE New Brighton, 1432 mission and the Historical Society of Western Penn- 4 Third Avenue. Site marked by monument. U. S. sylvania, 1918. Private property. Ref: Historical fortification on Indian frontier, late 18th century. Society of Western Pennsylvania. Commemorative marker placed by Ft. McIntosh Chapter, D. A. R., 1934. Private property. Ref: LOGSTOWN "Chiningue." Unidentified site or sites, Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. in vicinity of Ambridge. Site of important 18th- century Indian town. Marked by Pennsylvania His- KING BEAVER'S TOWN "Shingo's Town," Beaver. torical Commission and the Historical Society of Unidentified site. Site of important Indian town Western Pennsylvania, 1918. Private property. in 18th century. Private property. Ref: Histori- Ref: Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. cal Society of Western Pennsylvania. FORT McINTOSH Beaver, River Road, block be- * ECONOMY Ambridge. Group of buildings and tween Bank, Insurance, and Market Streets. Site of small acreage. Home of Harmony Society, 19th important frontier outpost, 1778-1791. Private century communal organization. Owned and re- property. Ref: Historical Society of Western Penn- stored by State of Pennsylvania. Ref: Pennsyl- sylvania. vantia Historical and Museum Commission. Histori- cal Society of Western Pennsylvania. McLAUGHLIN HOUSE Hookstown. Brick house. FRANKFORT HOTEL (1840) Frankfort. Brick Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Society of structure. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Western Pennsylvania. Society of Western Pennsylvania. PATRICK MULVANEN HOUSE (1847) Beaver. LEGIONVILLE Same as Logstown in vicinity of Greek Revival architecture adapted to a one-story Ambridge. Unidentified site. Military encamp- house with an elevated basement. Private property. ment of General 's forces, 1792- Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical Society of 1793. Marked by Pennsylvania Historical Coin- Western Pennsylvania. [6] MATTHEW S. QUAY HOME Beaver, College Ave- Old wooden mill. The original water power was nue. Home of noted political figure, late 19th replaced by steam in 1911. Private property. Ref: century. Private property. Ref: Historical Society Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Historical Society of Western of Western Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. WRAY HOUSE (1835) Beaver. Stone house. Pri- JOHN WHITE'S MILL (1789) Near Murdockiville vate property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Histori- on Raccoon Creek. Log structure, boarded over. cal Society of Western Pennsylvania.

S. 0 Bedford County Na DR. JOHN ANDERSON HOUSE (1815) Bedford, Campaign, 1794. Marked by Bedford Chapter, 141 East Pitt Street. Brick dwelling and bank D. A. R. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. structure. Building to serve dual purpose of resi- W. P. dence and quarters for the Allegheny Bank of Pennsylvania, chartered 1814. Community center FORT BEDFORD (Fort Raystown) Bedford, on housing Civic Club, Library, etc. Georgian style Juniata River, bounded by Rcbard, Pitt, and Juli- architecture. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. ana Streels. Site occupied by modem buildings. Important frontier fort of French and Indian War. SAMUEL BARCLAY OFFICE (1830) Bedford. Private property. Ref: Pioneer Historical Society Office structure. Old office structure. Private prop- of Bedford County. erty. Ref.: Stotz: E. A. W. P. "THE GROVE" (1796, addition 1830) Bedford THE BEDFORD HOUSE (c. 1771) Bedford. Stone Borough, southeastern section. Stone house. Old building. Built by the Reverend William Smith of house built by Hugh Barclay. Private property. Philadelphia. Private property. Ref: Blackburn: Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Hist. of Bedford & Somerset Counties.' HARTLEY BARN Near Everett. Stone barn. Ref. BEDFORD PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH (1829- Stow: E. A. W. P. 1830) On square in Bedford. Church property. JOHN HERELINE HOUSE Near Mann's Choice. BEDFORD COUNTY COURTHOUSE (1828) Log house. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Bedford. County courthouse. Interesting early example of Greek Revival architecture in central JACOB KRICHBAUM HOUSE Bedford, 113 W'. Pennsylvania. County property. Ref.: Stotz: Pitt Street. Frame house. Private property, now E. A. W. P. Colonial Hotel. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. CESSNA OFFICE (1799) Bedford, adjoining Cess- LYON HOUSE (1833) Bedford, 214 South Juliana na House. Old office structure. Private property. Street. Brick house and adjacent office. Basically Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Georgian architecture with Greek Revival features. Timmins Hospital property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. DEFIBAUGH TAVERN Near Everett. Frame struc- W. P. ture. Old tavern with gallery porch. Date un- known. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. NAUGLE'S MILL (1797) Near Bedford Springs. W. P. Stone mill. Old stone mill. Private property. DENNISON TAVERN (c. 1818) At Juniata Cross- Ref.: Stotz: E. A. W. P. ing. Stone tavern. JOSEPH NOBLE HOUSE Near New Enterprise. ESPY HOUSE (1770) Bedford, 123 Pitt Street. Stone house. Old house, date unknown, modified Washington Bakery. Headquarters, westernmost Georgian style. Private property. Ref: Stotz: point reached by George Washington, Whiskey E. A. W. P. PHILLIPS OLD HOUSE (about 1736; later im- 1 Blackburn, E. Howard, History of Bedford and Somerset counties. provements) Bedford Township, near Cessna. Log [7] structure. Probably the oldest house in the county. DAVID SNOEBERGER SPRINGHOUSE Near New Private property. Ref: Blackburn: History of Enterprise. Stone house. Old springhouse, date Bedford and Somerset Counties. unknown. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. JAMES RUSSELL HOUSE (1816) Bedford, 203 South Juliana Street. Brick house, Georgian style. OLD STONE SCHOOL HOUSE (c. 1810; restored) Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Bedford Township, North of Bedford and east of Cessna, near Messiah Lutheran Church. Stone SCHELLSBURG UNION CHURCH (1806) Near structure. So far as known, the oldest school build- Schellsburg, U. S. route 30 half mile west of town. ing in the county. Used as a school until 1870. Log church, later boarded over. An early Lutheran Property of Pioneer Historical Society. Ref: Bed- and Reformed church. Unused church. Ref: ford County Historical Society. Pennsylvania Guide.' Pioneer Historical Society of Bedford County. Stotz: E. A. W. P. WASHABAUGH HOUSE (1835) Brick house with graceful two-story gallery porch. Private property. SHAWNEE CABINS Near Schellsburg, near U. S. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. route 30 east of town. Unidentified site. Site of WAY'S MILL Old stone mill well-known Indian village during 18th century. Pri- (1807) Weyant. built by Samuel Way. Private property. Ref: vate property. Ref: Pioneer Historical Society of Bedford County. Stotz: E. A. W. P. WEAVERLING TAVERN (1843) Near Everett. JOHN SILL HOUSE (1823) Near Bedford. Stone Stone tavern. Private property. Ref: Stotz: house. Old house showing cantilever porch. Pri- E. A. W. P. vate property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. WESTERN HOTEL (1796) Scbellsburg. Stone and lPennsylvania Writers' Project, Pennsylvania Guide to the clapboard tavern. Abandoned, ramshackle build- Keystone State. ing. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide.

MR. Berks 0County 501 BEN AUSTRIAN HOME Reading, 2420 Perkiomen house. Home of grandfather of Daniel Boone. Avenue, Mount Penn. Log house. Home of noted Marked by Historical Society of Berks County. Pri- Reading artist. Private property. Ref: Berks vate property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. His- County Historical Society. torical Society of Berks County. BERTOLET MEETING HOUSE Near Oley. CHARMING FORGE Near Womelsdorf, U. S. route WILLIAM BIRD MANSION (1751) Birdsboro, 422 north of town. Marked site of forge erected Mill and Main Streets. Stone house; Built by early 1747 by Baron Stiegel; remains of slitting mill and iron manufacturer. Used as recreational center, water channel, constructed 1775 by George Ege. Y. M. C. A. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. Private property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. * DANIEL BOONE BIRTHPLACE (c. 1735, addi- tions 1779) Near Baumstown, north of U. S. route COLEBROOKDALE FURNACE (1720) Near Boy- 422. Stone house. Site of birthplace of Daniel ertown, south of town at Colebrookdale. Built by Boone, famous frontier figure. Acquired by the Thomas Rutter. Said to be first iron furnace in State in 1938 and restored. State property. Marked Pennsylvania. Site only. Ref: Berks County His- by Historical Society of Berks County. Ref: Penn- torical Society. sylvania Historical and Museum Commission. His- torical Society of Berks County. CONRAD'S BRIDGE (1839) Near Bernville, over GEORGE BOONE HOUSE (1733, later enlarged) the Tulpehocken Creek, two miles below town. Near Baumstown, north of U. S. route 422. Stone Wooden bridge. Single-span bridge still in use, on [ 8 ] L. R. 06048. Highway property. Ref: Historical FRIENDS MEETING HOUSE (1759, later rebuilt) Society of Berks County. Maiden Creek. Stone church. Originally located on site now occupied by Maiden Creek Reservoir FORT DIETRICH SNYDER Summit of Blue Moun- (Lake Ontelaunee). Church property. Ref: Berks tain, near Pennsylvania route 83. Fortified house County Historical Society. used as lookout against Indian raids during French and Indian War. Marked by Berks County Histor- HENRY FISHER MANSION (1801) Near Yellow ical Society. Private property. Ref: Berks County House, on Pennsylvania route 622 north of town. Historical Society. Stone house. Excellent illustration of Georgian Colonial architecture. Built by Henry Fisher. Pri- DR. GEORGE de BENNEVILLE HOUSE (1745) vate property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks Near Yellow House, west of Pennsylvania route County. 662 north of town. Stone house. Home of Revolu- tionary War doctor and first preacher of Universal- GERMAN BAPTIST CHURCH (1777) Pricetown. ism in America. Private property. Ref: Pennsyl- One-story stone structure. Now property of the vania Guide; Berks County Historical Society. Church of the Brethren. Ref: Berks County His- torical Society; Berks County Historical Society. DE TURK HOUSE (1767) Near Oley, on Penn- sylvania route 662 south of town. 18th century GRIESEMER'S MILL BRIDGE (1832) Near stone residence built -by John De Turk. Private Spangsville, over Manatawny Creek. Wooden property. Ref. Historical Society of Berks County. bridge. Single-span wooden bridge still in use. Township property. Ref: Historical Society of HOME OF DIEFFENBACH ORGAN Bethel, house Berks County. on northwest corner of square. Building in which JOHN V. R. HUNTER OR PETER RICHARDS one of the earliest organs made in Pennsylvania was HOUSE (1804) Near Huffs Church, west of com- property. Ref: Berks manufactured. Private munity. Stone house. Built in Georgian Colonial County Historical Society. style architecture. Private property. Ref: Berks County Historical Society. DR. JAMES DONAGAN HOUSE (c. 1830) Kutz- town, Main Street. Stone house built by early physi- FORT HENRY (1756) Near Bethel, three miles cian and long used by succession of doctors. Pri- north of town. Fort site. Frontier fort built dur- vate property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks ing French and Indian War; sometimes known as County. Busse's Fort, named for the first commander. Pri- vate property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide; Berks DREIBELBIS BRIDGE (1869) Dreibelbis, over County Historical Society. Maiden Creek. Wooden, single-span bridge still in use. Ref: Berks County Historical Society. HIESTER MANSION (c. 1750, later addition c. 1825) Near Leinbachs, Berks County Welfare GEORGE EGE MANSION (c. 1807) Robesonia, Farm, near Pennsylvania route 83 north of Reading. south of U. S. route 422. Stone house. House of Stone with brick additions. Home of Governor noted ironmaster. Private dwelling. Ref: His- Joseph Hiester (1820-1823). County property. torical Society of Berks County. Ref: Historical Society of Berks County.

EIGHT-CORNERED SCHOOL HOUSE (c. 1813) * HOPEWELL VILLAGE Near Birdsboro, six miles Sinking Spring, U. S. route 422. Octagonal struc- southeast of town. Furnace remains, ironmaster's ture. Example of old-style school architecture. home, and related structures. Remains of 18th cen- Private property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks tury ironmaking community. Hopewell Village County. National Historic site was established 1938 under National Park Service. U. S. Government prop- EXETER FRIENDS MEETINGHOUSE (1759) erty. Ref: National Park Service. Historical So- Near Stonersville, south of Pennsylvania route 562 ciety of Berks County. east of town. Stone meeting house. Old meeting house with adjoining graveyard in which are buried NICHOLAS HUNTER HOUSE (1803) Sally Ann ancestors of Abraham Lincoln and Daniel Boone. Furnace. Stone house. House built in Georgian Church property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. Colonial style architecture. Hunter purchased Sally

[9] Ann Furnace in 1803. Private property. Ref: of George Ege's Reading Furnace (1792). Private Berks County Historical Society. property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. OLD INDIAN FORT (prior to 1809) Near Shartles- THOMAS RUTTER MANSION (1720, later ad- ville, about three miles miles east of town on U. S. ditions) Near Pine Forge. Stone house. Home of route 22. Octagonal stone building. Early stone ironmaster and builder of Pine Forge. Georgian structure supposed to have been erected as defense Colonial style architecture. Private school property. against Indians. Private property. Ref: Historical Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. Pennsyl- Society of Bucks County. Pennsylvania Guide. vania Guide. MOUNS JONES HOUSE "Old Swede's House" ST. JOHN'S PAROCHIAL SCHOOL (c. 1805) (1716) Near Douglassville, south of U. S. route Kutztown, Walnut Street, a short distance east of 22. Stone house. Oldest house in the region. Pri- St. John's Union Church. Stone structure erected vate property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks by St John's Reformed and Lutheran congrega- County. Pennsylvania Guide. tions; in use until about 1840. Church property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. KEMP'S HOTEL (1787, with later additions) Near Kutztown, eastern edge of town. Stone structure. SPENCER FULLERTON BAIRD HOME Reading, On this location an inn has been operated since 60 N. 5th Street. Birthplace of U. S. Commissioner about 1740. Private property. Ref: Historical So- of Fisheries, secretary of the Smithsonian Institute, ciety of Berks County. and Director of the National Museum. Private property. Ref: Berks County Historical Society. KUTZ'S MILL BRIDGE (1854) Near Kutztown, over Sacony Creek in Greenwich township, 2 miles SWAN INN (Revolutionary period) Kutztown, E. west of town. Wooden bridge. Single-span wooden Main Street near Noble Street. Brick structure. bridge still in use. Ref: Historical Society of Georgian style structure in use from Revolutionary Berks County. times. Private property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. * LINCOLN HOMESTEAD (1733) Near Baums- town, west of town south of U. S. route 422. "THE OLD HOUSE" Hamburg, 17 S. 4th Street. Stone house. Home built by Lincoln's great-great- Old brick house dating from early settlement pe- grandfather, Mordecai Lincoln. Marked by His- riod. Private property. Ref.: Pennsylvania Guide. torical Society of Berks County, 1915. Private TRINITY LUTHERAN CHURCH (1794, with property. Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. later additions; steeple added 1833, destroyed in THOMAS MIFFLIN HOME Shillington, on U. S. 1933) Reading, Sixth and Washington Streets. route 222 at Berks County Farm and Home. Brick church. One of early Lutheran churches of Marked site of residence. Angelica, residence of Reading. Church property. Ref: Historical Society Governor Mifflin (1788-1799), stood on ground of Berks County. now occupied by county buildings. County prop- DANIEL UDREE HOME Near Pleasantville, Oley erty. Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. Township. Home of eminent colonial ironmaker MORAVIAN BOARDING SCHOOL (Herrnhueter and officer. Udree operated Oley Furnace Schul Haus) (c. 1748) Near Friedensburg, Oley during the Revolution and was a representative of Township between Stony Creek Mills and Friedens- Berks County in Congress, 1813-15, and 1823-25. burg. Log structure with beam and plaster finish. Said to have been Berks County's largest taxpayer. Used by Moravians as a boarding school, 1776- Private property. Ref: Berks County Historical 1873. Private property. Ref: Historical Society of Society. County. Berks OLD UNION CHURCH (1844) Amityville, on PINE FORGE (c. 1725) Near Pine Forge. Iron- Pennsylvania route 662. Brick church building now works remains. Small stone office building adjacent used as museum by Amity Township Historical So- to Rutter Mansion. Private property. Ref: His- ciety. Township property. Ref: Historical So- torical Society of Berks County. Pennsylvania ciety of Berks County; Pennsylvania Guide. Guide. *CONRAD WEISER HOUSE (1751, restored 1926) ROBESONIA FURNACE (1792) Robesonia, south Near Womelsdorf, U. S. route 422 east of town. of U. S. route 422. Brick and stone ruins on site Stone house. Home of pioneer, Indian interpreter, [ 10] and treaty maker. Weiser and his wife are buried on OLD ZION CHURCH (1727, rebuilt 1867) Wom- property. Conrad Weiser State Memorial Park. elsdorf, Front Street. Stone church. Church of Ref: Historical Society of Berks County. Pennsyl- Colonial period. Church property. Ref: Historical vania Department of Forests and Waters. Society of Berks County. Pennsylvania Guide.

&.a lqBlair County K.K.

ALLEGHENY FURNACE (1811-1884) Altoona, the earliest stone houses of the region. Private on Pennsylvania route) 764. Stone store building, property. Ref: Blair County Historical Society. 1837, workmen's log dwelling, 1799, and other re- LAZARUS LOWRY SPRINGHOUSE (1785) Near mains. Remains of one of earlier iron manufactur- Frankstown. Stone springhouse. Small stone acces- ing centers of central Pennsylvania. Private prop- sory building. Private property. Ref: Stotz: erty. Ref: Blair County Historical Society. E. A. W. P. Blair County Historical Society. BAKER MANSION (1844) Altoona, Baker ELIAS MOORE HOUSE (c. 1800) Near Frankstown. Stone Boulevard near 36th Street. Stone house. Residence house. Example of early home with hall running Elias Baker, ironmaster. Fine example of Greek of through entire side; comparatively windowless at Revival architecture. Home and museum of Blair gable ends. Resembles half of a Georgian-type County Historical Society. Ref: Blair County His- home. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. torical Society; Stotz: E. A. W. P. Blair County Historical Society. BLAIR HOMESTEAD (1785) Near Duncansville, PORTAGE RAILROAD MONUMENT Near Dun- town. Residence south of U. S. route 222, west of cansville, on U. S. route 22 west of town. Monu- County was named. of John Blair for whom Blair ment. Site of Plane No. 6 of Portage Railroad, Blair County Historical Private dwelling. Ref: completed 1834, used to carry canal shipping and Society. passengers between Hollidaysburg and Johnstown. FRANKSTOWN Near Hollidaysburg, on U. S. route Monument erected 1928. Ref: Blair County His- 22, east of town. Approximate site of Indian vil- torical Society. lage. Early 18th century Delaware-Shawnee Indian PORTAGE RAILWAY SKEW ARCH (1833) Near town of Assunepachla, where Frank Stevens had Cresson. Stone arch bridge. Carried Northern his trading post. Private property. Ref: Blair Turnpike (U. S. route 22) over tracks of Portage County Historical Society. Railroad at foot of Plane No. 6. Used by highway HILEMAN HOUSE (c. 1795) Frankstown. Stone until 1922. Preserved as a memorial by State of house. Illustration of Post-Colonial architecture, Pennsylvania. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Blair basically Georgian. Private property. Ref: Blair County Historical Society. County Historical Society. Stotz: E. A. W. P. FORT ROBERDEAU (1778) Near Altoona, off Pennsylvania route 971 northeast of town. Fort LING TAVERN (1838) Claysburg. Stone structure. after archaeo- Old stone tavern. Private property. Ref: Stotz: replica. Reproduction, constructed E. A. W. P. Blair County Historical Society. logical investigation, of Revolutionary fort erected to protect workers in lead mines in Sinking Valley. SITE OF LOGAN HOUSE (1855-1931) Altoona, Ref: Blair County Historical Society. 1ith Avenue. Site of Civil War-time hotel. Meet- DANIEL ROYER HOUSE "Old Mansion Inn" ing place (Sept. 24-26, 1862) of war-time gover- (1815; modern frame addition) Near Williams- nors who pledged support to Lincoln's policies. burg. Stone house. Built by early ironmaster. Parking lot adjoining railroad. Ref: Blair County A fine example of house in Georgian pattern with Historical Society. two-story porch, typical of time and region, on the LOWRY HOMESTEAD (1785) Hollidaysburg, on rear wing. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. U. S. route 22 east of town. Stone house. One of W. P. Blair County Historical Society. [ 11 ] S. id B3radford C1ount y a} AZILUM Near Rummerfield, two miles south of QUEEN ESTHER'S TOWN Athens, U. S. routes town on west side of Susquehanna River. Archae- 220 and 309 south of town. Indian village site. ological site. Scene of French refugee colony, 1793- Site of Munsee Indian village headed by member 1804. Foundations of La Grande Maison remain. of the Montours, noted French-Indian family. Pri- Marker placed by Pennsylvania Historical Comm., vate property. Ref: Bradford County Historical 1930, on U. S. route 6 overlooking site. Private Society. property. Ref: Bradford County Historical Society. SPANISH HILL Near Athens, off U. S. routes 220 PHILIP P. BLISS GRAVE & MONUMENT Rome, and 309, north of town. Archaeological site. Site on Pennsylvania route 187. Grave monument. of prehistoric Indian settlement investigated by Burial place of noted singing evangelist and gospel archaeologists, 1933. Private property. Ref: Brad- song writer. Cemetery property. Ref: Bradford ford County Historical Society. Tioga Point Mu- County Historical Society. seum. ELLSWORTH HOUSE (c. 1840, later additions) Athens, Lower Main Street. Frame house. Built TEAOGA Near Athens, Tioga Point, south of town. by Lemuel S. Ellsworth, said to be first frame house Archaeological site. Long-time site of Indian set- in town. Private property. Ref: Bradford County tlements. Prehistoric burials were excavated from Historical Society. an orchard on South Main Street, Athens, 1883- 1896. Marked by Pennsylvania Historical Commis- Near Wyalusing, below U. S. FRIEDENSHUETTEN sion, 1928. Private property. Ref: Bradford 3½2 miles east of town. routes 6 and 309, about County Historical Society. Tioga Point Museum. Indian village site. Site of Munsee Indian village where David Zeisberger established the Moravian DAVID WILMOT GRAVE (1868) Towanda, mission of Friedenshuetten (1763). Private prop- Riverside Cemetery. Grave. Burial place of David erty. Ref: Bradford County Historical Society. Wilmot, Free-Soiler, author of famed Wilmot Pro- OSCALUI Near North Towanda, on U. S. routes viso, 1846. Ref: Bradford County Historical So- 220 and 309 just north of intersection with U. S. ciety. route 6. Archaeological site. Monument marks site of several Indian villages of which the most recent, DAVID WILMOT HOME Towanda, York Avenue. Newtychanning, was destroyed by the Sullivan Ex- House. Residence of David Wilmot, Free-Soiler, pedition, 1779. Private property. Ref: Bradford author of famous Wilmot Proviso, 1846. Private County Historical Society. property. Ref: Bradford County Historical Society.

AN Bucks CDounty via

BIRD-IN-HAND INN (1726 or 1728) Newtown, vate property. Ref: Bucks County Historical So- State Street between Centre Avenue and Mercer ciety. Street. Frame structure. An early inn built by HOUSE George Welch. Private property. Ref: Bucks BUCKINGHAM FRIENDS MEETING southwest of County Historical Society. (1768) Near Lahaska, U. S. route 202, town. Stone structure. Original log meeting house "BRICK HOTEL" (c. 1765; later additions) New- built 1706; in 1720, stone structure, apparently town. Brick tavern. Built by Amos Strickland on added to original. Burned 1768, and present build- the site of earlier Red Lion Inn. Easterly portion ing then erected. Buckingham Friends' Schoolhouse of present structure is the original building. Pri- erected on grounds 1793-94. Church property. [ 12] Ref.: Bucks County Historical Society. Friends 1776; Home of John Hayhurst, minister of Historical Association. Wrightstown Friends' Meeting. Private property. Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. DR. CHAPMAN HOUSE Near Washington Cross- ing, north of Woodhill. Stone house. Headquar- "INDIAN WALK" MARKER Wrightstown, on ters of General Edward Knox and of Washington's Pennsylvania route 413. Stone monument. Marks aide-de-camp, Captain Alexander Hamilton, prior starting point of Walking Purchase of 1737. Ref: to Trenton campaign, 1776. Private property. Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. Bucks County Historical Society. SAMUEL D. INGHAM HOME Near New Hope, "COURT INN" (1733, additions 1757 and 1792) on U. S. route 202, west of town. House. Birth- Newtown, southeast corner of Court Street and place of Secretary of Treasury in Jackson's cabinet, Centre Avenue. Stone, frame and brick structure. 1829-1831. Property bought by his father, Jona- Tavern built by Joseph Thornton. Patronized by than Ingham, in 1747. Private property. Ref: lawyers attending court when Newtown was county Bucks County Historical Society. seat. Private property. Ref: Bucks County His- torical Society. JUSTICES' HOUSE (1768) Newtown, State Street. Stone house. Patronized by county judges during DEEP RUN SCHOOLHOUSE (1842) Bedminster court sessions when Newtown was county seat. Pri- Township. Stone structure. Built to replace a log vate property. Ref: Bucks County Historical So- structure erected in 1746. Ref: Bucks County His- ciety. torical Society. KEITH HOUSE Near Washington Crossing, north- DURHAM FURNACE (1727) Durham. Furnace west of Woodhill on L. R. 09054. Stone house. remains. Important early ironworks built by twelve Used by Washington as headquarters, December partners (Anthony Morris and Company) on tract 15-24, 1776, prior to attack on Trenton. Private bought from Indians. A small stone house used as property. Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. a miner's house is now a residence. Old stone fur- MAPLE GROVE Near New Hope, on U. S. route nace replaced by grist mill, 1812. Mine Hill, source 202 at western edge of town. House. Briefly the of ore, is nearby. Private property. Ref: Bucks home of General and Mrs. George Washington be- County Historical Society. fore the Trenton campaign, 1776. Private property. Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. FOUNTAIN HOUSE (1748, later additions) Doylestown, northwest corner of Main and State MERRICK HOUSE (1764) Near Washington Cross- Streets. Stone building, plaster finish. Tavern and ing, northwest of Woodhill on L. R. 09054. House. old stage stop, licensed in 1717. Private property. built by R. H. Merrick and used by General Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. Nathaniel Greene as headquarters before attack on Trenton, 1776. Private property. Ref: Bucks GENERAL GREENE INN Buckingham. Frame County Historical Society. structure. Established June 11, 1752, by Henry Jamison, (d. 1767) whose widow later married MOLAND HOUSE, "Headquarters Farm" (1763) John Bogart; license issued to him 1773-77, and Near Hartsville, Pennsylvania route 263, north of place known as Bogart's Tavern. Bucks County town. Stone house. Headquarters of General Committee of Safety held some meetings here, 1775 Washington, August 10-23, 1777. Lafayette joined and later. General Nathaniel Greene had head- army here August 20, 1777. Private property. quarters here winter of 1776, and from here or- Marked by Bucks County Historical Society. Ref: dered Durham boats for the crossing to attack Bucks County Historical Society. Trenton. The present name of the inn is of modern origin. Private property. Ref: Bucks County His- OLD NEWTOWN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH torical Society. (1769) Newtown, Sycamore Street. Stone church. Erected for a congregation founded 1734. Services HAY-HURST Near Washington Crossing, west of now held in a modern (1934) church in the town. Woodhill on L. R. 09054. House. Headquarters Church property. Ref: Bucks County Historical of General prior to Trenton attack, Society. [13] PARRY MANSION (1784) New Hope, corner of * "SUMMERSEAT" (1773, restored 1931) Morris- Bridge Street and . House. Built ville, Legion Avenue and Clymer Avenue. Wash- by Benjamin Parry, West Indian merchant. Born ington's Headquarters, 1776, and also home of 1757, he bought, 1784, a grist mill established by Robert Morris (1791). School property. Ref: Dr. John Todd, 1767. He rebuilt the mill, recently Bucks County Historical Society. converted into the Bucks County Playhouse. Pri- vate property. Ref: Bucks County Historical So- TAVERN FERRY HOUSE (addition, 1818-19) ciety. Washington Crossing. Stone tavern. Operated by William McKonkey in 1776 at time of Washing- BENJAMIN PAXSON HOUSE, "Rolling Green" ton's attack on Trenton. Now rear wing of Lovett's (1748) Near New Hope, at Aquetong, west side Temperance Hotel. Private property. Ref: Bucks of road. Stone house. Built by a Quaker patriot; County Historical Society. still owned by the Paxson family. Private property. Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. TEMPERANCE HOUSE (1772) Newtown. Built by Andrew McMinn as a schoolhouse and tavern * Off U. S. route 13 east of combined. Private property. Ref: Bucks County Tullytown, on . Brick house and Historical Society. outbuildings. Modern reproduction, at site of 's country home, of manor -buildings *THOMPSON-NEELY HOUSE (1702-c. 1786; re- representative of his time. State property. Ref: stored) Near New Hope, southeast of town. Stone Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. house. Central section built in 1702 by John Pid- PHILLIPS MILL (1756) Near New Hope, Pennsyl- cock; by Robert Thompson, 1757, and vania route 32, northwest of town. Built by Aaron east end about 1786. Headquarters for General Phillips; operated by four generations of his fam- Lord Stirling (William Alexander), whose staff ily. Preserved by Philips Mill Community Asso- included Lieutenant James Monroe, before Battle ciation; used for art exhibits and other community of Trenton. Another staff member was Captain purposes. Private property. Ref: Bucks County James Moore, who died on day of crossing and is Historical Society. buried nearby. Private property. Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. RED LION INN (1730, later additions and remodel- ing) Near Andalusia, on U. S. route 13, south- TREVOSE (c. 1685) South of U. S. route 1 near west of town. Brick and stone inn. Site of an inn . Stone house, stucco finish. since 1730, when Philip Amos (or Ames) received Home of Joseph Growden, prominent figure in a license. Private property. Ref: Bucks County provincial affairs and later home of Joseph Gallo- Historical Society. way, Tory leader. Private property. Ref: Bucks County Historical Society. *ROOSEVELT STATE PARK Easton to Bristol, along Delaware River. Sixty-mile stretch of Delaware *WASHINGTON CROSSING STATE PARK Division of Pennsylvania Canal. Part of internal (1776) Washington Crossing, Pennsylvania route improvements program, built 1827-1832. Now 32. Marked site. Camp site and point of em- maintained for recreational purposes. State prop- barkation for Washington's forces on attack against erty under jurisdiction of Pennsylvania Department British at Trenton. State property. (Washington of Forests and Waters. Ref: Pennsylvania Depart- Crossing State Park, established 1917.) Ref: ment of Forests and Waters. Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters.

[ 14 ] if}6 'Butler County file

BRUIN FURNACE (1844) Near Bruin. Stone fur- tecture. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. nace stack. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. W. P. Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. HARMONIST CEMETERY Harmony, off Pennsyl- ROEBLING HOME Saxonbukg. Home of founder of vania route 68. Cemetery. Burial place of Har- Saxonburg and inventor of steel wire rope. Birth- mony Society, 1805-1815. Stone wall with pivot place of Washington A. Roebling, builder of gate erected 1869. Church property. Ref: His- Brooklyn Bridge. Private property. Ref: His- torical Society of Western Pennsylvania. torical Society of Western Pennsylvania. HARMONY On Pennsylvania route 68, juit east of ROEBLING SHOP Saxonburg. Frame building. U. S. route 19. Town. First home of Harmony Workshop of John A. Roebling where first steel Society founded in 1804; contains many remains wire ropes were made. Private property. Ref: of their buildings. Private property. Ref: His- Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania. torical Society of Western Pennsylvania.

HARMONY MENNONITE CHURCH (1825) STAUFFER HOUSE (1805) Near Harmony. Stone Near Zelienople, off U. S. route 19 north of town. house. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical So- Church building and graveyard. Early church ciety of Western Pennsylvania. built by successors of Harmony Society. Church property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Historical So- STONE HOUSE ciety of Western Pennsylvania. (1822) Stone House. House ruins. Tavern on old road from Pittsburgh to Franklin. PHILLIPE LOUIS PASSAVANT HOUSE (c. 1814) Private property. Ref: Historical Society of West- Zelienople. Brick house. Georgian style archi- ern Pennsylvania.

S. 1.9Caembria County file

CAMBRIA IRON WORKS Johnstown. Site of steel this vicinity, the precise location being a matter of mill. Site of plant which first successfully used dispute. Monument erected by Cambria County pneumatic process for making steel; first steel rails Historical Society, now property of Pennsylvania in U. S. manufactured here. Private property. Ref: Historical and Museum Commission. Ref: Penn- Cambria County Historical Society. sylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Cam- bria County Historical Society. DEMETRIUS GALLITZIN TOMB (1840) Loretto, front of St. Michael's R. C. Church. Tomb. Burial place of Russian prince-priest, missionary in western PORTAGE RAILWAY TUNNEL Gallitzin. Stone Pennsylvania. Church property. Ref: Cambria tunnel. Constructed for rebuilt Portage Railroad County Historical Society. which was first opened for traffic 1855, and used locomotives instead of inclined planes of predeces- LEMON INN (1830) Near Cresson. Stone struc- sor. At present covers eastbound tracks of Penn- ture. Old stone inn, still used as such, five stories sylvania Railroad, which purchased property in high in rear. Private property. Ref: Stotz: 1857. Railroad property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. E. A. W. P. Cambria County Historical Society. Cambria County Historical Society. * ROBERT E. PEARY MONUMENT Cresson, U. S. route 22 west of town. Monument. Marker com- CHARLES M. SCHWAB TOMB (1939) Loretto. memorating the Arctic explorer who was born in Tomb. Burial place of eminent industrialist, pres- [ 15 ] ident of Bethlehem Steel Company. Church prop- STAPLE BEND TUNNEL (1830) Near Johnstown, erty. Ref: Cambria County Historical Society. near Mineral Point, about four miles east of town. SOUTH FORK DAM Near St. Michael, off Pennsyl- Stone tunnel. Constructed for the Portage Rail- vania route 53. Remains of dam site. Remains of road. Said to be the first railway tunnel constructed dam which broke causing Johnstown flood of May through a bill in America. Abandoned 1852; 31, 1889. Ref: Cambria County Historical So- entrance marked by a monument. Ref: Stotz: ciety. E. A. W. P. Cambria County Historical Society.

1616. C.entre County PR BOALSBURG TAVERN (1819) Boalsburg, Main Street. Stone house. Built by man who, with his Square. Stone structure. Built by Col. James father-in-law, Colonel James Dunlap, laid out Belle- Johnson and continuously used as a tavern. Private fonte, 1795. Talleyrand was guest here. Private property. Ref: Centre County Historical Society. property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide.

BROCKERHOFF HOUSE, "Pennsylvania House" DR. REUBEN HUNTER GRAVE (1864) Boals- (1803, rebuilt 1866) Bellefonte, Bishop and Spring burg, Lutheran Church Cemetery, U. S. route 322. Streets. Brick House. North wall of original Grave. Site of "First Memorial Day" when women building incorporated into later structure. Private of town, after decorating Dr. Hunter's grave, or- property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. ganized a town meeting and established formal practice of decorating all soldiers' graves. Repeated CENTRE FURNACE (1792-1809) Near State Col- each year until creation of "Decoration Day" by lege, U. S. route 45, northeast of town. Furnace Congressional action in 1868. Church property. stack (1825-1858). First charcoal iron furnace in Ref: Centre County Historical Society. this region. Marked by Pennsylvania Historical Commission, 1922. Private property. Ref: Penn- LINN HOUSE (1810) Bellefonte, 27 North Alle- sylvania Historical and Museum Commission. gheny Street. Stone structure possessing much- admired architectural features. Private property. JAMES DUNLAP HOUSE (Jacob Valentine House) Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. (c. 1795). Bellefonte, High Street. House. Home built by the co-founder of Bellefonte. First dwell- PHILIPS-PLUMBE SCREW FACTORY (c. 1820) ing in the town. Private property. Ref: Centre Philipsburg, northern limits of town. Marked site. County Historical Society. Reputedly the first wood screw factory in the U. S. Factory closed 1836, burned down 1859. Private EAGLE FORGE (1810-1848) Near Curtin, U. S. property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. route 220. Furnace remains. Last of the old- time furnaces in operation in the U. S. Private * 28th DIVISION SHRINE Boalsburg, U. S. route' property. Ref: Centre County Historical Society. 322. State monument. State shrine dedicated to the dead of the 28th Division who served in the EMANUEL'S UNION CHURCH (1810, addition two world wars. State shrine since 1932. Ref: 1837) Near Tusseyville, "The Loop." Wooden Pennsylvania Department of Military Affairs. structure. Built for Lutheran and German Re- formed congregations. Church property. Ref: JOHN HENRY SIMLER HOUSE Philipsburg, 100 Centre County Historical Society. North Second Street. Site of one of oldest houses in the town; its builder enlisted under Lafayette JAMES HARRIS HOUSE (Talleyrand Inn) (1795, in 1780. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania remodeled 1828) Bellefonte, 113 North Allegheny Guide.

[ 16]

I pigs Chester County I -win ANVIL TAVERN Near Longwood, just east of LONGWOOD, "Pierce's Park" (1730, later addi- town. General Knyphausen's forces encamped here tions) Near Longwood, north of town. Brick at September 10, 1777. house. Built by George Pierce on land received Private property. Ref: Chester County Historical from William Penn in 1701. The original house Society. now forms the southern front of DuPont home. Private property. Ref: Chester County Historical * BIRMINGHAM MEETINGHOUSE (1763, addition Society. 1818) Near Chadds Ford, north of town on Bir- mingham Road. Stone structure. Used as a hospi- LONGWOOD MEETINGHOUSE Near Longwood, tal after the Battle of Brandywine. Church prop- west of town on U. S. route 1. Bayard Taylor is erty. Ref: Chester County Historical Society. buried here. Church property. Ref: Chester County Historical Society. BIRMINGHAM OCTAGONAL SCHOOL (1818) Near Chadds Ford on Birmingham Road 1/2 mile MINGUANNAN INDIAN TOWN Near Kembles- south of Street Road. Plaster covered building. ville, off Pennsylvania route 896 about one mile Example of a once-popular type of school struc- east of town. Archaeological site. Site of Dela- ture; originally a private school later used as a ware Indian town at time of first English settle- public school, and more recently as a voting place. ment of Pennsylvania. Marked by Pennsylvania Ref: Chester County Historical Society. Historical Commission, 1924. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Com- BLUE BALL TAVERN Near Paoli, at Daylesford, mission. Chester County Historical Society. east of Paoli. Tavern remains. Early tavern, part of which still exists incorporated into a modern res- OCTAGONAL SCHOOLHOUSE (1753) Chadds idence. Private property. Ref: Chester County Ford, north of town. Stone structure. Example of Historical Society. a once-popular style of school structure. Center of "CEDAR-CROFT" Near Kennett Square, one mile fierce fighting in Battle of Brandywine. Private south of town. Later residence of Bayard Taylor, property. Ref: Chester County Historical Society. noted literary figure of Pennsylvania. Private prop- PAOLI MASSACRE MONUMENT (1817) Mal- erty. Ref: Chester County Historical Society. vern. Stone monument. Erected by the Republi- FOUNTAIN INN (c. 1781) Parkesburg, Main can Artillerists of Chester County on the anniver- Street. Old stone inn. Old tavern on Strasburg sary of the surprise attack made by British on pa- Road. Private propert,y. Ref: Chester County triot forces, September 20, 1777. Ref: Chester Historical Society. County Historical Society. GREAT VALLEY MILL Near Paoli, on L. R. 15108 THOMAS BUCHANAN READ BIRTHPLACE about two miles north of town. Mill. Grist Near Gmthriesville, at Corner Ketch about one mile mill founded about 1710 by Thomas Jerman and northeast of town. House. Birthplace (1822) of still in operation. Private property. Ref: Chester author of poem, "Sheridan's Ride." Marked. Pri- County Historical Society. vate property. Ref: Chester County Historical So- ciety. GRIST MILL (1753) Glen Moore. Grist mill where, it is said, grain was ground into flour for Washing- VALLEY BROOK FARM Near Paoli, just off U. S. ton's forces at . Not now in opera- route 202 about three miles northeast of town. tion. Private property. Ref: Chester County His- House. Used as headquarters by General Sir Wil- torical Society. liam Howe, 1777. Private property. Ref: Ches- ter County Historical Society: KENNETT MEETINGHOUSE (1707) Near Ham- orton, east of town. Stone structure. Early Friends WARWICK FURNACE (1737) Near Warwick, off meetinghouse. Church property. Ref: Chester Pennsylvania route 23 about three miles southeast County Historical Society. of town. Furnace ruins. Built by Anna Nutt and [17]

I - Company. Made first Franklin stoves, 1742, and * "WAYNESBOROUGH" Near Paoli, Willistown provided shot and cannon during the Revolution. Road south of U. S. route 30, about 11/2 miles east Marked by Chester County Historical Society, 1910. of town. Stone house. Birthplace of General Private property. Ref: Chester County Historical Anthony Wayne. Marked. Private property. Ref: Society. Chester County Historical Society.

X.R. Clearfield County 0 0 PHILIP P. BLISS BIRTHPLACE Near Penfield, on here in 1758. Private property presumably cov- Pennsylvania route 255. Unmarked site. Birthplace ered by present Clearfield. of noted singing evangelist. Private property. KARTHAUS FURNACE (1817, rebuilt 1836) CHINKLACAMOOSE (1838) Clearfield, on U. S. Karthaus. Furnace remains. One of the earliest route 322. Site of Indian village. Point on furnaces to use coke in place of charcoal. Private northern route used by missionaries and traders to property. Ref: Blair Sykes, Clearfield, Pennsyl- western Pennsylvania. Christian F. Post stopped vania.

X a. Clinton County S. Ng

*TIADAGHTON ELM junction of Pine Creek and cident with the Declaration of Independence. Pri- Susquehanna River. Tree. Site where independence vate property. Ref: Clinton County Historical resolutions were adopted by the Fair Play Men coin- Society.

S. H. (Columbia Cou-nty fill CATAWISSA FRIENDS MEETING (c. 1775) FORT McCLURE (1781) Bloomsburg. Site of Catawissa, corner of South and Fourth Streets. Log frontier fort. Private home fortified by troops in structure. Good example of pioneer place of wor- Revolutionary era. Private property. (Marked by ship erected by early Quaker settlers of this vicin- D. A. R. Fort McClure Chapter). Ref: Columbia ity. Church property. Ref: Columbia County His- County Historical Society. torical Society. FORT JENKINS (1778) On U. S. route 11 between Limeridge and Briar Creek. Site of frontier fort. WILLIAM H. WOODIN BIRTHPLACE (1868) Home fortified by troops in Revolutionary era. Pri- Berwick, West Front Street. Site of home. Birth- vate property. Ref: Columbia County Historical place of U. S. Secretary of Treasury, 1933-34. Society. Church property. Ref: Berwick Historical Society. [ 18] S. 11 Crawford County ME0 BALDWIN HOUSE (1841) Meadville, Terrace * dustry. Cemetery property. Ref: Crawford Street. House. Residence of U. S. Supreme Court County Historical Society. Justice Henry Baldwin. Known locally as the Rey- DR. H. E. HENDRYX HOUSE (1852) Riceville. nolds house. Private property. Ref: Crawford Frame house. An interesting example of Greek County Historical Society. Revival decoration applied to a small frame house. BENTLEY HALL, Allegheny College (1820) Mead- Built by Dowd, carpenter-builder, who built the ville. Brick building. "The most impressive Congregational Church in Riceville. Private prop- school building -remaining from early days in west- erty. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Crawford County ern Pennsylvania." College property. Ref: Stotz: Historical Society. Society. E. A. W. P. Crawford County Historical INDEPENDENT CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH (1835). Meadville, Chestnut Street, JOHN BROWN FAMILY GRAVES New Rich- (Unitarian) Brick church. Good illustra- mond. Graves. Graves of John Brown's first opposite Diamond. adapted to wife and a son. Private property. Ref: Crawford tion of Greek Revival architecture by General G. W. County Historical Society. ecclesiastical use. Designed Cullum, U. S. Army; based on Unitarian Church * JOHN BROWN TANNERY New Richmond. Stone in Philadelphia. Church property. Ref: Stotz: foundation walls of tannery. Tannery operated E. A. W. P. Crawford County Historical Society. Property of (1825-1835) by famous abolitionist. PATRICK McGILL HOUSE (c. 1802) Saegerstown, Memorial Association. Ref: Crawford John Brown Main Street. Frame house. Early frame house County Historical Society. illustrating New England influence. Private prop- CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH (1858) Riceville. erty. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Crawford County Frame church. Church built by Dowd in New Historical Society. England style with Greek Revival ornamentation. RUTER HALL, ALLEGHENY COLLEGE (1855) Dowd also built the Hendryx House, Riceville. Meadville, North Main Street. Brick building. Of Church property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Craw- architectural significance. College property. Ref: ford County Historical Society. Stotz: E. A. W. P. Crawford County Historical Society. COVENANTER CHURCH Adamsville. Frame church. Unornamented Greek Revival style. Pri- EDWARD SAEGER HOUSE (1843) Saegerstown, vate property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; Crawford Erie and Main Streets. Frame house. Has inter- County Historical Society. esting example of recessed second-story porch. Pri- vate property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Crawford DRAKE STORE AND HOTEL (c. 1859) Little County Historical Society. Cooley. Frame structure in Greek Revival style. HOUSE (1835) Hartstown. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.; DR. JAMES WHITE Frame house. Modeled after New England-style Crawford County Historical Society. homes of the Ohioan Western Reserve and shows EDWIN L. DRAKE TOMB Titusville, Woodlawn early influence of Greek Revival architecture. Pri- Cemetery. Tomb (Neihaus's bronze figure "The vate property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Craw- Driller"). Burial place of pioneer of the oil in- ford County Historical Society.

[ 19] 606 C#umberland (Bounty 0i

BLAINE HOUSE (1794) Carlisle, 4 North Han- MIDDLE SPRING CHURCH (1847) Shippensburg, over Street. Brick house. Built by Colonel Ephra- on Pennsylvania route 696 north of town. Church im Blaine, Revolutionary officer; home of his son, building and old graveyards. Important early James Blaine, grandfather of James G. Blaine. Pri- Presbyterian church in Cumberland Valley since vate property. Ref: Hamilton Library and His- 1738. Church property. Ref: Hamilton Library torical Association. and Historical Association.

* CARLISLE BARRACKS Carlisle. U. S. Army post. "OLD COURT HOUSE" Shippensburg, on U. S. Second oldest army post in the United States. Pow- route 11. Stone house. "Widow Piper's Tavern," der magazine built by prisoners in 1777 used for Cumberland County court sessions, 1750- and still standing. Home of famous Indian school 1751. Home of Shippensburg Civic Club. Ref: (1879-1918). Portion of barracks burned by Con- Civic Club, Shippensburg. federate forces during Civil War. U. S. Govern- "OLD WEST"-Dickinson College (1804) Carlisle. ment property. Ref: Hamilton Library and His- Stone building. Building designed by Benjamin torical Association. H. Latrobe, an architect of the national Capitol. College property. Ref: Hamilton Library and His- CARLISLE IRON WORKS. Boiling Springs. Fur- torical Association. nace stack. Ruins of charcoal furnace dating from 1762, later operated by Michael Ege, noted iron- PEACE CHURCH (1798) Near Shiremanstown, on master. Private property. Ref: Hamilton Library Pennsylvania route 641 north of town. Stone church. and Historical Association. Unchanged structure since date of erection. Church property used annually by St. John's Lutheran Con- MICHAEL EGE MANSION Boiling Springs. Brick gregation of Shiremanstown. Ref: Hamilton Li- house. Home of Michael Ege, noted ironmaster. brary and Historical Association. Private property. Ref: Hamilton Library and His- PINE GROVE FURNACE (1764) Pennsylvania torical Association. route 233. Furnace stack. Remains of early iron FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH -(c. 1755-1760) furnace built by Robert Thornburg and Company. Carlisle, on Square. Stone church. Congregation State Forest Property. Department of Forests and organized 1734. Local declaration of independ- Waters. Ref: Pa. Department of Forests and ence adopted here May 23, 1776. Church property. Waters. Hamilton Library and Historical Asso- Ref: Hamilton Library and Historical Association. ciation. "MOLLY PITCHER" GRAVE (1832) Carlisle, the FORT MORRIS Shippensburg, on U. S. route 11. old Graveyard, on South Street between Hanover Fort site. Fort erected by Colonel James Burd and Bedford Streets. Grave. Burial place of Mrs. after Braddock's defeat. Marked by Pennsylvania Mary Hays who gained fame at Battle of Mon- Historical Commission, 1921. School and church mouth. Cemetery property. Ref: Hamilton Li- property. Ref: Civic Club, Harrisburg. brary and Historical Association. FORT WASHINGTON (1863) Lemoyne, Eighth SILVER SPRING CHURCH (1783, restored 1928) and Ohio Streets. Remains of breastworks. Erected Near Mechanicsburg, northeast of town. Stone at time of Gettysburg Campaign, 1863. Private church. One of earliest Presbyterian churches in property, vacant lot. Ref: Hamilton Library and the Cumberland Valley, founded 1734. Church Historical Association. property. Ref: Hamilton Library and Historical Association. LAUGHLIN MILL (c. 1763) Newville, on Penn- sylvania route 641. Log building. Grist mill built WALNUT BOTTOM TAVERN (c. 1790) Walnut by William Laughlin. The oldest such structure Bottom. Brick structure. Built by James Weak- remaining in this region. Private property. Ref: ley. Private property. Ref: Hamilton Library Hamilton Library and Historical Association. and Historical Association. [ 20] S.-to 'Dauphin County Nil BURD TOMBS (1784-1793) Middletown. Graves. mission, 1915). Park area-City of Harrisburg. Burial place of Colonel James Burd, outstanding Ref: Historical Society of Dauphin County. officer of colonial wars, and also burial place of JOHN HARRIS MANSION (1764-1766) Harris- his wife, Sarah Shippen Burd. Cemetery property. burg, 219 South Front Street. Stone house. Built Ref: Historical Society of Dauphin County. *byJohn Harris, Jr., founder of Harrisburg. Occu- Home of FORT HALIFAX Near Halifax. Site of fort. Fron- pied by Simon Cameron at a later date. Historical Society of Dauphin County. Ref: His- tier fort built 1756, used to protect route to Fort Society of Dauphin County. Augusta. Private property. (Marked by Pennsyl- torical vania Historical Commission, 1926). Ref: His- WILLIAM MACLAY HOME (1791) Harrisburg, torical Society of Dauphin County. Front and South Streets. Stone house. Residence of William Maclay, member of first United States FORT HUNTER Fort Hunter, Pennsylvania route 14. Senate. Private property. Ref: Historical Society Site of fort. Frontier fort used to protect route to of Dauphin County. Fort Augusta. Private property used as a museum. (Marked by Pennsylvania Historical Commission, PAXTON CHURCH (c. 1740, restored, 1940) Pax- 1916). Ref: Historical Society of Dauphin tang, Paxtang Avenue and Sharon Street. Stone County. church. Historic Presbyterian church. Church property. Ref Historical Society of Dauphin COLONEL TIMOTHY GREEN GRAVE Near County. Dauphin, east of Pennsylvania route 225 north of ST. PETER'S CHURCH (1767) Middletown. town. Grave. Burial place of noted patriot officer Church. Early Lutheran church; later remodeled. of the French and Indian and Revolutionary Wars. Church property. Ref: Historical Society of Dau- Cemetery property. Ref: Dauphin County Histor- phin County. ical Society. "TINIAN"-HOME OF COLONEL JAMES BURD JOHN HARRIS SR. GRAVE (1748) Harrisburg, (1768) Near Highspire. Stone house. Residence opposite John Harris Mansion. Grave. Burial place of Colonel James Burd, frontier defender. Private of first settler at Harrisburg (Site of Harris Ferry property. Ref: Historical Society of Dauphin landing marked by Pennsylvania Historical Com- County.

Bill 'Delaware County 0 0.

BLACK HORSE TAVERN (1739) Near Media, here in effort to stop British march on Philadelphia. west of town on U. S. route 1. Important tavern on Commission. Ref: Bran- old stage route and now used as a hotel. Private dywine Battlefield Commission. property. Ref: Delaware County Historical So- BUCK TAVERN (1730, with later additions) Bryn ciety. Mawr, on Lancaster Avenue between Martin Ave- BRANDYWINE BAPTIST CHURCH (1713) Near nue and Old Back Lane. Stone structure with plas- Chadds Ford, east of town on U. S. route 1. Stone ter facing. Popular tavern of Revolutionary days. church. Third Baptist church to be erected in Washington stopped here in September, 1777, af- Pennsylvania. Church property. fRef: Delaware ter defeat at Brandywine. Private property. Ref: County Historical Society. Delaware County Historical Society. * BRANDYWINE BATTLEFIELD (1777) Chadds CHADDS FORD INN (1737, modernized) Chadds Ford. Battlefield. Important engagement fought Ford, on U. S. route 1. Frame building. An early [21 ] inn of Delaware County. Private property. Ref: LEIPER MANSION (1785) Avondale. Home of Delaware County Historical Society. Thomas Leiper, industrialist, builder of early rail- road. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. CHADDS HOUSE Chadds Ford, north of town. Stone house. An old stone structure. Private LLEWELLYN HOUSE "Castle Bith" (1693) Near property. Ref: Delaware County Historical So- Manoa, corner of Haverford Road and Ardmore ciety. Avenue. House. Private property. Ref: Haverford Township Historical Society. Delaware County *COLONIAL COURTHOUSE (1724, restored 1920) Historical Society. Chester, Market Street, between Fourth and Fifth Streets. Stone building. Courthouse used during * LOWER SWEDISH CABIN (c. 1650) Clifton colonial period. Headquarters of Delaware County Heights, off U. S. route 1. Log structure. Early Historical Society. Ref: Delaware County Histor- structure built by Swedish settlers. Used by Girl ical Society. Scouts of America. Ref: Delaware County His- torical Society. * CONCORD MEETINGHOUSE (1694) Concord- JOHN MORTON'S GRAVE (1777) Chester, Old ville, Junction of U. S. routes 322 and 1. Stone St. Paul's Cemetery, Third and Welsh Streets. structure. Built on land leased from John Men- Grave. Burial place of signer of Declaration of denhall for rental of one peppercorn yearly. Used Independence. Cemetery property. Ref: Delaware as hospital by British after Battle of Brandywine. County Historical Society. Church property. Ref: Delaware County His- torical Society. * JOHN MORTON HOME (1654, with later ad- ditions) Prospect Park. Stone and log house. DARBY FRIENDS' MEETINGHOUSE (1805) Birthplace of signer of Declaration of Independ- Darby, on Main Street above Tenth Street. Church. ence, born 1724-5. Property of Pennsylvania His- of Friends' activities since 1684. Church Center torical and Museum Commission. Ref: Pennsyl- property. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. vania Historical and Museum Commission. Dela- FEDERAL SCHOOL (1797) Near Broomall, on ware County Historical Society. Haverford-Darby Road near Coopertown Road. "OLD HOME" (1792) Haverford Township Park, School house. One-room school house. Ref: Del- south of West Chester Road near Darby Creek. aware County Historical Society. Haverford Town- House. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. ship Historical Society. Haverford Township Historical Society. HAVERFORD MEETING (1836) Near Bryn Mawr "OLD HOME OF THE COOPER" (1704) Near just off U. S. route 30 on Buck Lane near County Broomall, on Haverford-Darby Road near Marple Line Road. Meeting house. Church property. Ref: Road. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. Haverford Township Historical Society. Delaware Haverford Township Historical Society. County Historical Society. * PENN MEMORIAL STONE Chester, Front and HAVERFORD MEETINGHOUSE Near Haverford Penn Streets. Stone monument. Marks spot where College, U. S. route 30 By-Pass. Church. Center William Penn is presumed to have first set foot on of Friends' activities since 1684. Church property. his colony. Ref: Delaware County Historical So- Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. ciety.

HAVERFORD SEMINARY No. 2 (1846) Near PONT READING HOUSE (1683-1813) Near Broomall, corner of Eagle Road and Steel Road. Haverford College, U. S. route 30 By-Pass. House. School. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. Residence, 1803-1838, of Joshua Humphrey, de- Haverford Township Historical Society. signer of "Old Ironsides." Private property. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. on Pennsylvania route 420. LAZARETTO Essington, POWDER MAGAZINE Near Manoa, along Cobb's Brick structure. Used as a small quarantine station Creek north of Manoa Road. by State of Pennsylvania 1799-1895. Used as train- ing school for aviators in World War I. City of *PRINTZ PARK Essington. Archaeological site. Lo- Philadelphia property. Ref: Delaware County His- cation of Printzhof, capital of Swedish settlement, torical Society. 1643. Investigated by archaeologists under Com- [ 22 ] mission supervision. Property of Pennsylvania His- of West Chester Road. House, middle section of torical and Museum Commission. Ref: Pennsyl- logs. The Lawrence Homestead, a three-section vania Historical and Museum Commission. Dela- house, each built by a successive generation. Pri- ware County Historical Society. vate property. Ref: Haverford Township Histori- cal Society. Delaware County Historical Society. * CALEB PUSEY HOUSE (1683) Upland, Race Street. Brick and stone house. Oldest intact Eng- * UPPER SWEDISH CABIN Clifton Heights, 3860 lish-built house in Pennsylvania. Private property. Dennison Avenue. Log structure. Log house with Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. later alterations, date of erection uncertain. Private property. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. RADNOR MEETINGHOUSE Near Ithan, just off Pennsylvania route 320. Church. Center of *WASHINGTON HOUSE (1747) Chester, Market Friends' activities since 1686. Church property. Street between Fourth and Fifth Streets. Hotel and Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. restaurant. Hostelry in continuous use for two hun- dred years. Ground floor remodeled. Private prop- SAMUEL RIDDLE HOUSE (1823) Glen Riddle. erty. Ref: Delaware County Historical Society. Stone house, stucco finish. Home of man who founded town as center for cotton textile industry. ANTHONY WAYNE GRAVE (1809) Near Private property. Ref: Delaware County Historical Wayne, Graveyard of St. David's Church, south- Society. west of town. Grave. Final burial place of noted military leader in Revolutionary and Indian cam- ST. DAVID'S CHURCH (1715, restored 1871) paigns. Died in Erie, 1796; his remains buried Near Wayne, southwest of town, off Pennsylvania -here, 1809. Church property. Ref: Delaware route 252, on Dorset Road. Stone church. Early County Historical Society. Episcopal church erected by Welsh settlers. Church property. Ref: Delaware County Historical So- BENJAMIN WEST HOME (1724, restored 1875) ciety. Swarthmore, Swarthmore College. Stone house, stucco finish on north side. Birthplace of early fa- THREE GENERATION HOUSE (1709, later ad- mous American artist, born 1738. College property. ditions) Near Broomall, on Lawrence Road north Ref: Delaware County Historical Society.

306 &rie County S. 1.0 H. T. BURLEIGH BIRTHPLACE. House. Birth- Allegheny Mountains. Home of Erie County His- place of distinguished composer, best known for torical Society. Ref: Erie County Historical So- his arrangement of spirituals. Private property. ciety. Ref: Erie County Historical Society. DICKSON HOUSE Near North Girard. Frame CORRY EARTH CIRCLE Near Corry, U. S. route 6 house. Illustration of a basically Georgian struc- west of town, near State fish hatchery. Archaeo- ture ornamented in Greek Revival style. Private logical site. Remains of circular earthen ridge sup- property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. posed to be one of the few examples of such pre- historic earthworks in Pennsylvania. No archaeo- EAGLE HOTEL (1826) Waterford, on U. S. routes logical study of this site has been made. Private 6N and 19, southwest corner of First and High property. Ref: Ross P. Wright, Erie. Streets. Stone hotel and old tavern sign. Old hotel * OLD CUSTOM HOUSE (1839) Erie, 407 State still in use; built by Thomas King. Hotel occupies Street. Stone building. Branch of United States part of site of Fort Le Boeuf and exhibits artifacts Bank of Pennsylvania, later used as custom house. from the Fort. Illustrates features of Georgian Excellent example of Greek Revival architecture. architecture. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. Said to be first marble structure erected west of W. P. [23] OLD FRENCH ROAD (1753) South of Erie, on and double chimneys on gable ends. Private prop- Pennsylvania route 97 near intersection with L. R. erty. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. 25097. Remains or visible traces of road. At west *THE "NIAGARA" Erie, north end of State Street, side of north abutment of bridge is portion of the Lakeside Park. Ship. Flagship of Captain Oliver French Road down the incline to the creek. Part H. Perry in battle of Lake Erie, 1813. Remains of of road is filled in. Private property. Ref: Erie vessel raised and repaired in 1913 by the Centen- County Historical Society. nial Commission. Became State property in 1939 C A P T A I N CHARLES V. GRIDLEY GRAVE and is being completely reconstructed. Pennsylva- (1898) Erie, Lakeside Cemetery, 1718 East Lake nia Historical and Museum Commission property. Road. Grave. Burial place of commander of Ad- Ref: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commis- miral Dewey's flagship in the Battle of Manila Bay, sion. 1898. (Died Kobe, Japan, June 5.) Private prop- PERRY MEMORIAL BUILDING (prior to 1812, erty. Ref: Erie County Historical Society. reconstructed 1923) Erie, southeast corner Second HOSKINSON HOUSE (1840) Erie, 127 West Sixth and French Streets. Gray clapboard building. Re- Street. Brick house. Greek Revival style. Noted constructed by City of Erie as memorial to Commo- for twin Doric doorways. Private property. Ref: dore Perry. Municipal property. Ref: Erie Guide. Erie Guide.' * FORT PRESQUE ISLE (American) Erie, on grounds JUDGE MYRON HUTCHINSON HOUSE (1830) of Soldiers and Sailors Home. Fort site. Site of Girard, 155 Main Street. Brick house. Georgian fort erected by United States in 1795. Anthony style house with parapet walls and chimneys at Wayne died in the northwest blockhouse, December gable ends. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania 15, 1796. (Anthony Wayne memorial reproduction Guide. of the blockhouse stands on the site. Erected 1880.) Private property. Ref: Erie County His- AMOS JUDSON HOUSE (1820) Waterford, First torical Society. and Walnut Street. Frame house. Structure typify- ing strong New England architectural influence. FORT PRESQUE ISLE (French and British) Erie, Built by Judson, a New Englander, who opened a little east of the north end of ParadeStreet. Fort 4k- trading post in 1795. Private property. Ref: site. Site of fort erected in 1753 by Marin, French Stotz: E. A. W. P. officer; abandoned 1759. Rebuilt by Colonel Henry Bouquet for British, 1760; captured and destroyed OLD LAND LIGHTHOUSE (1818, rebuilt 1858, by Indians, June, 1763. Private property. Ref: 1866) Erie, Land Lighthouse Park, foot of Dunn Erie County Historical Society. Boulevard. Stone lighthouse. First United States lighthouse on the Great Lakes. Unused since CHARLES M. REED HOUSE (1849) Erie, north- 1885. Municipal property. Ref: Erie Guide. west corner 6th and Peach Streets. Stone mansion. Pennsylvania Guide. Example of Greek Revival architecture. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. * FORT LEBOEUF Waterford. Fort sites archaeo- logically investigated. French (1753), British CHARLES M. REED LAW OFFICE (1848) Erie, (1760), and American (1794) forts occupied this 6th and Peach Streets. Stone office building in site. Monument statue to commemorate Washing- Greek Revival style. Adjoining house. Private ton's visit of 1753 was erected in 1922. Site is property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. partly occupied by Eagle Hotel. Hotel exhibits DAN RICE SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONU- artifacts from Fort. Ref: Erie County Historical MENT (November 1, 1865) Girard, Public Society. Square. Marble monument. Believed to be earliest Civil War memorial. Erected by the famous circus THOMAS MOORHEAD HOUSE (1810) Moor- owner and clown. Public monument. Ref: Penn- headville. Red brick house. Early house with sylvania Guide. Georgian design and Greek Revival ornamentation. Unusual for this part of State are the parapet walls ROCKWELL HOUSE (1840) Union City, 38 East High Street. Clapboard house. Greek Revival architecture. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania I Federal Writers' Project, Erie: A Guide to the City and County. Guide. [ 24] IDA M. TARBELL BIRTHPLACE Hatch Hollow, first buried in 1796. Body removed in 1809 and south of Wattsburg. Site of house. Birthplace of re-interred in St. David's Church Cemetery, Radnor. noted historian and biographer. November 5, 1857. Institutional property. Ref: Erie Guide. Private property. Ref: Erie County Historical So- WOODRUFF RESIDENCE (1839) Erie, 417 State ciety. Street. Buff plaster finish. Building in Greek Re- WATERFORD ACADEMY (1822, addition 1859) vival style. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania Waterford, Cherry, between Third and Fourth Guide. Streets. Stone building. Early school building, ex- U. S. S. WOLVERINE (1843) The Peninsula, Crys- preserved with distinctive architectural fea- cellently tal Point, Misery Bay, near Perry Monument. Ship. School property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. tures. Originally the "Michigan,"- the "Wolverine" was * GENERAL ANTHONY WAYNE MEMORIAL the United States Navy's first iron ship. In use be- (1880)Erie, on grounds of Soldiers' and Sailors' tween 1843 and 1923. Given to City of Erie by Home. Log structure. Replica built by State of act of Congress but not accepted. Ref: Erie original blockhouse at which Anthony Wayne was County Historical Society.

a fia. 9ayette County 301 ALLIANCE FURNACE-JACOB'S CREEK FUR- COLLEY TAVERN (1796) Brier Hill. Stone tavern. NACE (1789) Dawson, Pennsylvania route 819 Built by Abel and Peter Colley. Private property. near Smithton. Furnace ruins. Remains of first fur- Ref: Pennsylvania Guide. nace built west of the Alleghenies on banks of COLONEL EDWARD COOK HOUSE AND OUT- Jacob's Creek. Erected by W. Turnbull and Com- BUILDINGS (1772-1776) Near Fayette City. pany. Private property. Ref: Historical Society Stone buildings. Early Pennsylvania farm built in of Western Pennsylvania. style common to eastern part of the state. Private JACOB BLACK HOUSE (c. 1795) Near Searights. property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. Stone house. Home of Hugh Graham (d. 1890), COLONEL WILLIAM CRAWFORD HOME Near builder in Uniontown area. Private prop- important Connellsville. Site of log cabin built in 1765. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. erty. Residence of noted frontier officer and Revolution- BRADDOCK'S GRAVE (1820) Approximately one ary soldier. (Marked by Pennsylvania Historical mile north of Fort Necessity. Grave. General Ed- Commission, 1917.) Private property. Ref: Penn- ward Braddock died 1755 and was buried near this sylvania Historical and Museum Commission. place; in 1812 a body identified as his was ex- * FRIENDSHIP HILL (1789, addition 1823) Near humed and in 1820 was re-interred in its present New Geneva, on Pennsylvania route 166. Brick grave. Under control of Fort Necessity Chap., house with stucco overlay. Home of Albert Gallatin, S. A. R. Ref: Fort Necessity Chap., S. A. R. diplomat, financier, and statesman. Exterior dis- figured by later modernization but has beautiful BRASHEAR HOUSE (1796) Brownsville, 19 Holt Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. Street. House. Birthplace of John A. Brashear, interior. W. P. Pennsylvania Guide. noted astronomer and educator. Private property. Ref: Brashear Association, 919 Carson Street, Pitts- FORT GADDIS (c. 1764) Near Uniontown, two burgh. miles south of town on Bazle Brownfield farm. Fort. Erected by Thomas Gaddis and used as resi- BRIDGE (1836-39) BROWNSVILLE IRON dence and fort providing defense for neighbors. crosses . Iron Brownsville, Home of Fort Gaddis Chapter of D. A. R. Ref: to be first iron bridge west of the bridge. Claimed Ellis: History of Fayette County.' Alleghenies. Highway property. Ref: Pennsylva- nia Guide. 1 Ellis, Franklin, History of Fayette County. [ 25 ] * FORT NECESSITY PARK Mount Washington, NIXON TAVERN (before 1810) Fairchance. Log southeast of Uniontown on U. S. route 40. Fort tavern. Well-preserved example of early log site and adjoining land. Site of fort built by Wash- architecture. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. ington, 1754, and surrendered to French follow- W. P. ing attack. (Marked by Pennsylvania Historical Commission, 1926.) Fort Necessity Battlefield ROBERT W. PLAYFORD HOUSE Brownsville, Site and Fort Necessity State Park. Ref: National Second Ave. and Market Streets. Brick house. Post- Park Service and Department of Forests and Wa- colonial design with Greek Revival ornamentation. ters. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania Guide; Stotz: E. A. W. P. HARMONY HOUSE (prior to 1796) New Geneva, Ferry Street. Stone house. Old house originally QUAKER CHURCH (1795, rebuilt 1893) Near used as tavern. Private property. Ref: Pennsylvania Perryopolis. Stone church. Early stone church of Guide. greatly simplified Georgian style that differs mark- JACOB HARRIS HOUSE (c. 1798) Near Perry- edly from Quaker church structures of southeastern opolis. Stone house. Old stone house. Private Pennsylvania. Church property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. W. P.

PHILANDER KNOX BIRTHPLACE (1853) ST. PETER'S R. C. CHURCH (1844, later restored) Brownsville, Front Street. House. Birthplace of Brownsville, 6th and Church Streets. Stone church Secretary of State under President Taft. Private in Gothic style. Church property. Ref: Stotz: property. Ref: Historical Society of Western Penn- E. A. W. P.; Pennsylvania Guide. sylvania. ISAAC MEASON HOUSE (1802) "Mt. Braddock," TENT PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH (1827) Near Fairchance. Brick structure. Church property. northeast of Uniontown. Stone structure. Georgian Stotz: E. A. W. P. style manor house built for Isaac Meason by Adam Ref: Wilson, English architect. Meason was Revolu- tionary veteran and pioneer ironmaster. Private TOLL HOUSE (1835) Near Uniontown, U. S. route residence. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. 40, northwest of city. Brick building. Toll house on Old National Road. Private property. Ref: MT. VERNON FURNACE (1798, rebuilt 1801) Stotz: E. A. W. P. Near Wooddale. Stone furnace stack. Built by Isaac Meason, noted ironmaster; operated by Isaac SITE OF WASHINGTON-JUMONVILLE FIGHT Meason, Jr. Blown out in 1830. Private property. (1754) Near Jumonville, east of Uniontown. Bat- Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. tlefield site. Site of battle between Washington's *MT. WASHINGTON TAVERN (before 1820) and Jumonville's forces, 1754. Property under con- Mount Washington, southeast of Uniontown, U. S. trol of Fort Necessity Chapter, S. A. R. Ref: Fort route 40, near Fort Necessity. Brick tavern. Stage Necessity Chapter, S. A. R. stop on Old National Road. Fort Necessity State Park Museum (1932). State property administered WASHINGTON MILL (c. 1774-76) Near Perry- by Department of Forests and Waters. Ref: Penn- opolis, off . Mill ruins. Re- sylvania Department of Forests and Waters. mains of mill built for George Washington, who owned it until 1795. Private property. Ref: His- NEW GENEVA SCHOOL (1810) New Geneva. torical Society of Western Pennsylvania. Stotz: Brick school. Built by public subscription; Albert E. A. W. P. Gallatin, one of founders. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P. PETER NEWMEYER BARN (c. 1796) Near Penns- WHARTON FURNACE (1837) Near Flat Rock, on ville. Stone barn. Private property. Ref: Stotz: National Pike at Laurel Hill. Stone furnace stack. E. A. W. P. Private property. Ref: Stotz: E. A. W. P.

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