Download PDF (Inglês)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Tailored Microstructure of Colloidal Lipid Particles for Pickering Emulsions with Tunable Properties
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft Matter. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting information. Tailored Microstructure of Colloidal Lipid Particles for Pickering Emulsions with Tunable Properties Anja A.J. Schröder1,2, Joris Sprakel2, Karin Schroën1, Claire C. Berton-Carabin1 1. Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands. 2. Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands. Email addresses: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] S1 S1. Tripalmitin CLP dispersions produced with 0.5% w/w (left) and 1% w/w (right) Tween40 in the aqueous phase. S2. Fatty acid composition of palm stearin. Component name Percentage average C14:0 1.16 C16:0 82.18 C18:0 5.12 C18:1 9.03 C18:2 1.83 C18:3 0.02 C20:0 0.32 C22:0 0.25 C22:1 0.04 C24:0 0.05 S3. Hydrodynamic diameter (z-average) measured by dynamic light scattering, and, D[4,3], D[3,2], D10, D50 and D90 measured by static light scattering of CLPs composed of (a) tripalmitin, (b) tripalmitin/tricaprylin 4:1, (c) palm stearin. S2 Type of z-average PdI D[4,3] A D[3,2] D10 D50 D90 lipid (μm) (μm) (μm) (μm) (μm) (μm) Tripalmitin 0.162 ± 0.112 ± 0.130 ± 0.118 ± 0.082 ± 0.124 ± 0.184 ± 0.005 0.02 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.004 0.005 Tripalmitin/ 0.130 ± 0.148 ± 0.131 ± 0.117 ± 0.080 ± 0.124 ± 0.191 ± tricaprylin 0.011 0.02 0.003 0.001 0.004 0.002 0.010 (4:1) Palm 0.158 ± 0.199 ± 0.133 ± 0.119 ± 0.081 ± 0.127 ± 0.195 ± stearin 0.007 0.02 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.000 0.010 A B S4. -
Sigma Fatty Acids, Glycerides, Oils and Waxes
Sigma Fatty Acids, Glycerides, Oils and Waxes Library Listing – 766 spectra This library represents a material-specific subset of the larger Sigma Biochemical Condensed Phase Library relating to relating to fatty acids, glycerides, oils, and waxes found in the Sigma Biochemicals and Reagents catalog. Spectra acquired by Sigma-Aldrich Co. which were examined and processed at Thermo Fisher Scientific. The spectra include compound name, molecular formula, CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) registry number, and Sigma catalog number. Sigma Fatty Acids, Glycerides, Oils and Waxes Index Compound Name Index Compound Name 464 (E)-11-Tetradecenyl acetate 592 1-Monocapryloyl-rac-glycerol 118 (E)-2-Dodecenedioic acid 593 1-Monodecanoyl-rac-glycerol 99 (E)-5-Decenyl acetate 597 1-Monolauroyl-rac-glycerol 115 (E)-7,(Z)-9-Dodecadienyl acetate 599 1-Monolinolenoyl-rac-glycerol 116 (E)-8,(E)-10-Dodecadienyl acetate 600 1-Monolinoleoyl-rac-glycerol 4 (E)-Aconitic acid 601 1-Monomyristoyl-rac-glycerol 495 (E)-Vaccenic acid 598 1-Monooleoyl-rac-glycerol 497 (E)-Vaccenic acid methyl ester 602 1-Monopalmitoleoyl-rac-glycerol 98 (R)-(+)-2-Chloropropionic acid methyl 603 1-Monopalmitoyl-rac-glycerol ester 604 1-Monostearoyl-rac-glycerol; 1- 139 (Z)-11-Eicosenoic anhydride Glyceryl monosterate 180 (Z)-11-Hexadecenyl acetate 589 1-O-Hexadecyl-2,3-dipalmitoyl-rac- 463 (Z)-11-Tetradecenyl acetate glycerol 181 (Z)-3-Hexenyl acetate 588 1-O-Hexadecyl-rac-glycerol 350 (Z)-3-Nonenyl acetate 590 1-O-Hexadecyl-rac-glycerol 100 (Z)-5-Decenyl acetate 591 1-O-Hexadecyl-sn-glycerol -
Effect of the Lipase Inhibitor Orlistat and of Dietary Lipid on the Absorption Of
Downloaded from https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19950090 British Journal of Nutrition (1995), 73, 851-862 851 https://www.cambridge.org/core Effect of the lipase inhibitor orlistat and of dietary lipid on the absorption of radiolabelled triolein, tri-y-linolenin and tripalmitin in mice BY DOROTHEA ISLER, CHRISTINE MOEGLEN, NIGEL GAINS AND MARCEL K. MEIER . IP address: Pharma Division, Preclinical Research, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland (Received 8 November 1993 - Revised 12 September 1994 - Accepted 7 October 1994) 170.106.40.139 Orlistat, a selective inhibitor of gastrointestinal lipases, was used to investigate triacylglycerol absorption. Using mice and a variety of emulsified dietary lipids we found that the absorption of , on radiolabelled tripalmitin (containing the fatty acid 16: 0), but not of triolein (18 :ln-9) or tri-y-linolenin 27 Sep 2021 at 17:57:17 (18:3n-6), was incomplete from meals rich in esterified palmitate. Further, the absorption of radiolabelled triq-linolenin, from both saturated and unsaturated dietary triacylglycerols, was 1.3- to 2 fold more potently inhibited by orlistat than that of triolein and tripalmitin. These radiolabelled triacylglycerols, which have the same fatty acid in all three positions, may not always be accurate markers of the absorption of dietary triacylglycerols. Orlistat was more effective at inhibiting the absorption of radiolabelled triacylglycerols with which it was codissolved than those added separately, , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at which indicates that equilibration between lipid phases in the stomach may not always be complete. The saturation of the dietary lipid had little or no effect on the potency of orlistat. -
Edible Liquid Marbles and Capsules Covered with Lipid Crystals
Journal of Oleo Science Copyright ©2012 by Japan Oil Chemists’ Society J. Oleo Sci. 61, (9) 477-482 (2012) Edible Liquid Marbles and Capsules Covered with Lipid Crystals Yuki Kawamura1, Hiroyuki Mayama2 and Yoshimune Nonomura1* 1 Department of Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University ( 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992- 8510, JAPAN) 2 Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University ( N21W10, Sapporo 001-0021, JAPAN) Abstract: Liquid marbles are water droplets covered with solid particles. Here we show a method for the preparation of edible liquid marbles and capsules covered with fatty acid crystals and triacylglycerol crystals. We prepared liquid marbles using a simple method; namely, a water droplet was rolled on lipid crystals in petri dishes. The resulting marbles were converted to capsules covered with a lipid shell by heating. These marbles were stable not only on glass surfaces but also on water surfaces because they had rigid hydrophobic exteriors. The lifetime of the liquid marbles on water depended on the alkyl chain length of the lipid molecules and the pH of the water. These findings are useful for applying liquid marbles to food, cosmetic, and medical products. Key words: Liquid marble, Hydrophobic material, Fatty acid, Triacylglycerol 1 INTRODUCTION oral formulations becomes possible. Liquid marbles and dry water are water droplets covered Here, we propose a method for the preparation of liquid with solid particles such as hydrophobic silica and fluorine marbles covered with fatty acid crystals and triacylglycerol resin particles; here, liquid marbles are macroscopic single crystals because these lipid crystals are suitable stabilizing water droplets, while dry water is a white powder contain- agents for edible liquid marbles. -
Harvest Season Significantly Influences the Fatty Acid
biology Article Harvest Season Significantly Influences the Fatty Acid Composition of Bee Pollen Saad N. Al-Kahtani 1 , El-Kazafy A. Taha 2,* , Soha A. Farag 3, Reda A. Taha 4, Ekram A. Abdou 5 and Hatem M Mahfouz 6 1 Arid Land Agriculture Department, College of Agricultural Sciences & Foods, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 2 Department of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt 3 Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tanta, Tanta 31527, Egypt; [email protected] 4 Agricultural Research Center, Bee Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; [email protected] 5 Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; [email protected] 6 Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Arish 45511, Egypt; [email protected] * Correspondence: elkazafi[email protected] Simple Summary: Harvesting pollen loads collected from a specific botanical origin is a complicated process that takes time and effort. Therefore, we aimed to determine the optimal season for harvesting pollen loads rich in essential fatty acids (EFAs) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) from the Al- Ahsa Oasis in eastern Saudi Arabia. Pollen loads were collected throughout one year, and the Citation: Al-Kahtani, S.N.; tested samples were selected during the top collecting period in each season. Lipids and fatty acid Taha, E.-K.A.; Farag, S.A.; Taha, R.A.; composition were determined. The highest values of lipids concentration, linolenic acid (C ), Abdou, E.A.; Mahfouz, H.M Harvest 18:3 Season Significantly Influences the stearic acid (C18:0), linoleic acid (C18:2), arachidic acid (C20:0) concentrations, and EFAs were obtained Fatty Acid Composition of Bee Pollen. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,187,615 B2 Friedman (45) Date of Patent: May 29, 2012
US008187615B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,187,615 B2 Friedman (45) Date of Patent: May 29, 2012 (54) NON-AQUEOUS COMPOSITIONS FOR ORAL 6,054,136 A 4/2000 Farah et al. DELIVERY OF INSOLUBLE BOACTIVE 6,140,375 A 10/2000 Nagahama et al. AGENTS 2003/O149061 A1* 8/2003 Nishihara et al. .......... 514,266.3 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (76) Inventor: Doron Friedman, Karme-Yosef (IL) GB 2222770 A 3, 1990 JP 2002-121929 5, 1990 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this WO 96,13273 * 5/1996 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 WO 200056346 A1 9, 2000 U.S.C. 154(b) by 1443 days. OTHER PUBLICATIONS (21) Appl. No.: 10/585,298 Pouton, “Formulation of Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems' Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 25:47-58 (1997). (22) PCT Filed: Dec. 19, 2004 Lawrence and Rees, “Microemulsion-based media as novel drug delivery systems' Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 45:89-121 (86). PCT No.: PCT/L2004/OO1144. (2000). He et al., “Microemulsions as drug delivery systems to improve the S371 (c)(1), solubility and the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs' (2), (4) Date: Jul. 6, 2006 Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 7:445-460 (2010). Prajpati et al. “Effect of differences in Fatty Acid Chain Lengths of (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2005/065652 Medium-Chain Lipids on Lipid/Surfactant/Water Phase Diagrams PCT Pub. Date: Jul. 21, 2005 and Drug Solubility” J. Excipients and Food Chem, 2:73-88 (2011). (65) Prior Publication Data * cited by examiner US 2007/O190O80 A1 Aug. -
Synthesis and Microencapsulation of Structured Lipids
SYNTHESIS AND MICROENCAPSULATION OF STRUCTURED LIPIDS CONTAINING LONG-CHAIN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS FOR POSSIBLE APPLICATION IN INFANT FORMULAS by SUPAKANA NAGACHINTA (Under the Direction of Casimir C. Akoh) ABSTRACT It has been well established that lower fat absorption in infants, fed with formula, is due to the difference between the regiospecificity of the palmitic acid in the vegetable oil blend versus that present in human milk fat (HMF). In HMF, most of the palmitic acids are esterified at the sn-2 position of the triacylglycerols (TAGs). However, in vegetable oil, they are predominantly present at the sn-1, 3 positions. Structured lipids (SLs), with fatty acid profiles and positional distributions similar to HMF, were developed via a single step enzymatic modification of either palm olein or tripalmitin. These SLs also were also enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic (ARA), which are important for infant brain and cognitive development. SL from modified tripalmitin contained 17.69% total ARA, 10.75% total DHA, and 48.53% sn-2 palmitic acid. Response surface methodology was employed to study the effect of time, temperature, and substrate molar ratio on the incorporation of palmitic acid at the sn-2 position, and the total incorporation of LCPUFAs. Physicochemical properties of SLs were characterized for TAGs molecular species, melting and crystallization thermograms, and fatty acid positional distribution. SLs in powdered form were obtained by microencapsulation, using Maillard reaction products (MRPs) of heated protein- polysaccharide conjugates as encapsulants, followed by spray-drying. SL-encapsulated powders had high microencapsulation efficiency and oxidative stability. -
Linolenic Acid Absorption, -Oxidation and Conversion To
0031-3998/06/5902-0271 PEDIATRIC RESEARCH Vol. 59, No. 2, 2006 Copyright © 2006 International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. Variation in [U-13C] ␣ Linolenic Acid Absorption, -oxidation and Conversion to Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Pre-Term Infant Fed a DHA-Enriched Formula CLIFFORD MAYES, GRAHAM C. BURDGE, ANNE BINGHAM, JANE L. MURPHY, RICHARD TUBMAN, AND STEPHEN A. WOOTTON From the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit [C.M., R.T.], Royal Maternity Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BB, UK; Department of Child Health [A.B.], Grosvenor Rd, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK; Institute of Human Nutrition [G.C.B., J.L.M., S.A.W.], Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton S016 6YD, UK ABSTRACT: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an integral compo- DHA. Although there is evidence that these infants can con- nent of neural cell membranes and is critical to the development and vert ALNA to DHA (7–9), the extent to which pre-term function of the CNS. A premature delivery interrupts normal placen- infants can meet their demands for DHA through this conver- tal supply of DHA such that the infant is dependent on the nature of sion remains uncertain. the nutritional support offered. The most abundant omega-3 fatty acid The extent of absorption across the gastrointestinal tract, in pre-term formulas is ␣ linolenic acid (ALNA), the precursor of DHA. This project studied the absorption, -oxidation and conver- especially if immature, may also limit the availability of sion of ALNA to DHA by pre-term infants ranging from 30-37 wk of ALNA for DHA synthesis. -
Official Journal of the European Communities on the Hygiene Of
No L 21 /42 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 27 . 1 . 96 COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 96/3/EC of 26 January 1 996 granting a derogation from certain provisions of Council Directive 93/43/EEC on the hygiene of foodstuffs as regards the transport of bulk liquid oils and fats by sea (Text with EEA relevance) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, whereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in compliance with the opinion of the Standing Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Committee for Foodstuffs, Community, Having regard to Council Directive 93/43/EEC of 14 June 1993 on the hygiene of foodstuffs ('), and in parti HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE : cular Article 3 (3) thereof, Whereas information shows that the application of the second subparagraph of paragraph 2 of Chapter IV of the Article 1 Annex to Directive 93/43/EEC relating to the transport of bulk foodstuffs in liquid, granulate or powdered form in This Directive derogates from the second subparagraph of receptacles and/or containers/tankers reserved for the paragraph 2 of Chapter IV of the Annex to Directive transport of foodstuffs, is not practical and imposes an 93/43/EEC and lays down equivalent conditions to ensure unduly onerous burden on food business when applied to the protection of public health and the safety and whole the transport in sea-going vessels of liquid oils and fats someness of the foodstuffs concerned . intended for, or likely to be used for, human consump tion ; Article 2 Whereas, however, it is necessary to ensure that the granting of a derogation provides equivalent protection to public health, by attaching conditions to the terms of 1 . -
Fatty Acids and Stable Isotope Ratios in Shiitake Mushrooms
foods Article Fatty Acids and Stable Isotope Ratios in Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) Indicate the Origin of the Cultivation Substrate Used: A Preliminary Case Study in Korea 1, 1, 2 2 3 Ill-Min Chung y, So-Yeon Kim y, Jae-Gu Han , Won-Sik Kong , Mun Yhung Jung and Seung-Hyun Kim 1,* 1 Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; [email protected] (I.-M.C.); [email protected] (S.-Y.K.) 2 National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Korea; [email protected] (J.-G.H.); [email protected] (W.-S.K.) 3 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun 55338, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-02-2049-6163; Fax: +82-02-455-1044 These authors contributed equally to this study. y Received: 22 July 2020; Accepted: 28 August 2020; Published: 1 September 2020 Abstract: Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) is commonly consumed worldwide and is cultivated in many farms in Korea using Chinese substrates owing to a lack of knowledge on how to prepare sawdust-based substrate blocks (bag cultivation). Consequently, issues related to the origin of the Korean or Chinese substrate used in shiitake mushrooms produced using bag cultivation have been reported. Here, we investigated differences in fatty acids (FAs) and stable isotope ratios (SIRs) in shiitake mushrooms cultivated using Korean and Chinese substrates under similar conditions (strain, temperature, humidity, etc.) and depending on the harvesting cycle. The total FA level decreased significantly by 5.49 mg g 1 as the harvesting cycle increased (p < 0.0001); however, no differences · − were found in FAs between shiitake mushrooms cultivated using Korean and Chinese substrates. -
Derived Variables - Nutrients Responses to the 116 Items on the DQES Are Converted to Nutrients by Programs Developed at the CCV
Derived Variables - Nutrients Responses to the 116 items on the DQES are converted to nutrients by programs developed at the CCV. Two standard portion factors used in the calculation of nutrient are included in the data sets. Variable Description PSF Portion Standard Factor APSF a Alcohol Portion Standard Factor Sources of nutrient data Values for most nutrients are based on the Australian food composition data base, NUTTAB95.1 Nutrient values form other sources are listed below. None of these new values have been tested or validated so the CCV recommend that the values be used with caution; the CCV welcome any feedback. o Folate (Folate) and vitamin E (VitE) are derived from British food composition tables.2 o Alpha-Carotene (AlphCarot), Beta-Carotene (Bet_Carot), Beta-Cryptoxanthin (BetaCrypt), Lutein plus Zeaxanthin (LutnZeax) and Lycopene (Lycopene) are derived from the USDA data base3 and are measured in micrograms/day. o Glycemic index (GlycIndex ) and glycemic load (GlycLoad) are derived from an international table.4 Note that the variable Bet_Carot measures total ß-carotene intake, and should not be confused with the variable BetaCarot which estimates ß-carotene equivalents (mcg/day) from NUTTAB and is calculated as the sum of the ß-carotene and half the amounts of - carotene and - and ß-cryptoxanthins present. Although values for the 2 variables are likely to be highly correlated, values may differ to a large extent, having been estimated from different databases, developed at different times in different countries. Also different foods would have been averaged to match values with the DQES items. Hodge at al have described the derivation of values for Glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) as follows:5 ‘Glycemic index is a method of ranking foods on the basis of the blood glucose response to a given amount of carbohydrate from that food. -
Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value of Hot Pepper Seed (Capsicum Annuum) Grown in Northeast Region of China Yu ZOU1*, Kun MA1, Mixia TIAN1
a Food Science and Technology ISSN 0101-2061 DDOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.6803 Chemical composition and nutritive value of hot pepper seed (Capsicum annuum) grown in Northeast Region of China Yu ZOU1*, Kun MA1, Mixia TIAN1 Abstract Chemical composition and nutritive value of hot pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum) grown in Northeast Region of China were investigated. The proximate analysis showed that moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein and total dietary fiber contents were 4.48, 4.94, 23.65, 21.29 and 38.76 g/100 g, respectively. The main amino acids were glutamic acid and aspartic acid (above 2 g/100 g), followed by histidine, phenylalanine, lysine, arginine, cysteine, leucine, tryptophan, serine, glycine, methionine, threonine and tyrosine (0.8-2 g/100 g). The contents of proline, alanine, valine and isoleucine were less than 0.8 g/100 g. The fatty acid profile showed that linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid (above 0.55 g/100 g) as the most abundant fatty acids followed lauric acid, arachidic acid, gondoic acid and behenic acid (0.03-0.15 g/100 g). Analyses of mineral content indicated that the most abundant mineral was potassium, followed by magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, sodium and manganese. The nutritional composition of hot pepper seeds suggested that they could be regarded as good sources of food ingredients and as new sources of edible oils. Keywords: hot pepper seed; proximate composition; amino acid composition; fatty acid profile; mineral element content. Practical Application: Hot pepper seeds can be potentially used as good sources of food ingredients and edible oils.