Acknowledgements The authors of this book owe a huge debt of gratitude to friends and colleagues with whom we have worked over many years to bring to publication our study of Sheffield Castle. We would particularly like to thank Prof. Vanessa Toulmin (Director of City and Cultural Engagement, University of Sheffield) for spearheading the University of Sheffield’s engagement with Castlegate (and the city more generally – she recognised ear- lier than most the value of heritage-led regeneration), and Prof. Richard Jones (former Pro-Vice Chancellor for Research and Innovation, University of Sheffield), who provided funding for analysis of the documentary sources, and our early work on the Museums Sheffield archives. A grant from the Arts & Humanities Research Council to John Moreland (and Prof. Anthony Milton, Department of History, University of Sheffield) enabled this research to feed into a walking tour phone app of Sheffield in the 16th and 17th centuries, produced by Rachel Askew in collaboration with Llama Digital (https://situate.io/sheffieldlives). A grant from the Faculty of Arts and Humanities’ Arts Enterprise Academic in Residence scheme permitted John Moreland to spend time working with the Friends of Sheffield Castle in 2017. Further grants from Research Services and from the Office of Partnerships and Regional Engagement allowed him to devote more time to writing this book. Time to complete the writing up of the book was provided to John Moreland by the Department of Archaeol- ogy, University of Sheffield, through study leave and teaching buy-out, and to Dawn Hadley by research leave from the Department of Archaeology, University of York. We are also grateful to Miles Stevenson (Director of Advancement) and Louise Shaw (Senior Development Manager) of Development, Alumni Relations and Events, University of Sheffield for their efforts to secure funding for the Castlegate Archives Project. The -Soci ety for Medieval Archaeology funded research on the shell-tempered pottery. The project would not, however, have been possible but for a bequest to the Department of Archaeology by Pamela (Pam) Staunton, a resident of Unstone (Derbs), member of the Hunter Archaeological Society and alumna of the University of Sheffield, which provided us with the resources to digitise the relevant archives and to research and write this book. The book has benefitted immensely from the contributions of a range of specialists who wrote archive reports that underpinned several of the chapters. Dr Gareth Dean (now University of York), was Research Assistant for the Castlegate Archives Project (2017–18), liaised with finds specialists and coordinated their access to the Museums Sheffield archives, assisted Ashley Tuck with the digitisation of the archive, and produced an index to the archive of Leslie Butcher, which underpins the appendix to Chapter 5. Dr Rachel Askew and Dr Alan Bryson (both then University of Sheffield) produced archive reports on the unpublished written sources for How to cite this book chapter: Moreland, J. and Hadley, D. (with A. Tuck and M. Rajic). 2020. Sheffield Castle: archaeology, archives, regeneration, 1927–2018, pp. ix–xiii. York: White Rose University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22599/SheffieldCastle.m. CC BY-NC 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 x Sheffield Castle Sheffield Castle (2015–16), and in this we were advised by Prof. Anthony Milton. Analysis of the finds from the early and mid-20th-century excavations was undertaken by Dr Chris Cumberpatch and Jane Young (pottery), Quita Mould (leather) and Lorraine Mepham (Wessex Archaeology; all other small finds). Dr Mark Hall (Perth Museum and Art Gallery) kindly discussed with us the ‘playing card’ recovered by Leslie Armstrong. We would also like to thank the Archaeology Data Service at the University of York for hosting the digital archive, and particularly Dr Ray Moore for his advice on digitisation protocols. Wessex Archaeology would like to thank Sheffield City Council for commissioning the 2018 archaeological evaluation, which is the basis of Chapter 7, especially Simon Ogden and Helen Leavers, who commissioned and managed the project, and Dinah Saich and Zac Nellist of South Yorkshire Archaeology Service, which monitored the project on behalf of the Council. They would like to thank Amy Derrick and Sam Birchall for their incredibly hard work on site and in the post-excavation process. The trial trench excavation was assisted by University of Sheffield students Isabelle Sherriff, Paul Harrison, Georgina Goodison and James Chapman, and important contributions on site were also made by Wessex Archaeology’s staff Ciaran O’Neill, Jake Dyson, Stuart Pierson, Otis Gilbert, Rob Jones, Karen Austin and John Whitmore and University of Sheffield student Erina Mamenda. The borehole survey was undertaken by Richard Payne and Liz Chambers and was reported on by Alex Brown. The environmental samples were processed by Liz Chambers, Fiona Eaglesham, Morgan Windle, Chris Warburton, Gwen Naylor and Kate Fitzpatrick. Jack Fox-Laverick operated a drone. The illustra- tions were produced by Ian Atkins and Rob Goller. Wessex Archaeology are very grateful to all volunteers who participated in the project. Their sincere gratitude goes to Prof. John Moreland for his support, inspiration, help and friendship, and they are also grateful to Prof. Dawn Hadley, Dr Gareth Dean, Prof. Glynis Jones, Ellen Simmons, Prof. Mark Bateman and Prof. Caitlin Buck for their assistance. Thanks are due to Dr Samantha Stein, who at the time of the excavation was Assistant Science Advisor (Yorkshire) at Historic England, and to Dr Andrew Hammond (Science Advisor at Historic England) for his support. Westmoreland Plant Hire and HB Tunnelling provided plant and specialist deep excavation equipment and expertise. The material from the 2018 Wessex Archaeology excavations was analysed by Dr Chris Cumberpatch and Jane Young (pottery), Dr Susie White and Dr David Higgins (clay tobacco pipes), Dr Rod Mackenzie (industrial material), Peter Ryder (architectural stone), Alvaro Mora-Ottomano (additional information about ceramic building material), Phil Andrews (slag), Dr Lucy Allott and Erica Macey-Bracken (wood), Prof. Umberto Albarella and Morgan Windle (animal bone), Lorraine Mepham (other finds), Ellen Simmons, Prof. Glynis Jones, Inés López-Dóriga and Nicky Mulhall (environmental samples), Liz Chambers (geoarchaeological evi- dence), Alex Brown (pollen), Prof. Mark Bateman (luminescence dating), Prof. Caitlin Buck and Inés López- Dóriga (statistical analysis), Dr Nigel Cameron (diatoms) and John Whittaker (ostracods). The excavations were written up by Ashley Tuck and Milica Rajic, who co-authored Chapter 7 of this book. Research on the hunting lodge led by Dawn Hadley between 2009 and 2011 is the basis for Chapter 8 and this was funded by a grant from the Higher Education Innovation Fund. We are grateful to the supervisors of the excavations conducted at that time: Michael McCoy (ARCUS), Chris Harrison, Andrea Burgess (Wessex Archaeology), Alvaro Mora-Ottomano (then of Archaeological Research Services Ltd) and Dr Vicky Crewe (University of Sheffield), to the site assistants Charlie Hay, Dr Lauren McIntyre, Dr Charlotte Howsam, Dr Jenny Crangle, Dr Gareth Perry and Dr Letty ten Harkel, and the student and volunteer participants. Build- ings recording was carried out by Lucy Marston (Wessex Archaeology), and post-excavation analysis of finds was supervised by Lorraine Mepham, Justin Wiles (Wessex Archaeology) and Dr Vicky Crewe. The excavation reports were written up by Lorraine Mepham, Andrew Powell, Andrea Burgess, Chris Harrison, Lucy Marston, Dr Rachel Askew and Dr Vicky Crewe, and illustrations were produced by Chris Swales, Kenneth Lymer (Wessex Archaeology) and Colin Merrony (University of Sheffield). Deborah Harlan (University of Sheffield) produced reports on the excavations conducted at the hunting lodge by Sheffield City Museum between 1968 and 1980, and the archival sources were studied by Dr Rachel Askew, who contributed to writing up the histori- cal evidence discussed in Chapter 8. We owe a particular debt of thanks to numerous people who helped to provide the figures for this book. New illustrations were prepared by Ian Atkins and Chris Swales (Wessex Archaeology). We are grateful to Pat Wagner for permission to reproduce images from the original diary of Joseph Himsworth, Paul Rowland for permission to reproduce his photograph of the 2018 excavations, and Aidan McRae Thomson for permis- sion to reproduce his photograph of the tomb of the 4th Earl of Shrewsbury. The National Portrait Gallery gave permission to reproduce paintings of Mary, Queen of Scots and Bess of Hardwick. Museums Sheffield Acknowledgements xi were incredibly helpful in tracking down images for the book and for permission to reproduce them, and we are especially grateful to Leigh-Anne Baldridge (Collections Access Curator) and Sian Brown (Head of Col- lections). As the latter noted, it is important to be clear that, although permission for reproductions was given by Museums Sheffield, ‘it is the city and the people of Sheffield who own the material’. Katherine Bishop and Lindsay Cooke, from the University of Sheffield Library provided access to maps. Ed Powell (the Co-operative Group) gave permission to reproduce the 1964 painting of Sheffield Castle by Kenneth Steel. Ruth Morgan and Tony Ball gave permission to reproduce images from the Transactions of the Hunter Archaeological Society. Pete Evans