DOCSLIB.ORG

Australia's Eucalypt Forests: Environmental Communication

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Australia's Eucalypt Forests: Environmental Communication Australia’s Eucalypt Forests: Environmental Communication Denise Anette Elias B. App. Sci. (Scientific Information Services) A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2013 School of English, Media Studies and Art History i Abstract Of what worth are Australia’s old eucalypt forests: what habitats do they provide; who lives in them? Why is “old-growth” forest important? This work communicates ecological values of Australia's eucalypt forests to those without a background in ecology, followed by an investigation into the value of such an endeavour. The forest communication piece explores the development, processes and habitats of old eucalypt forests, and highlights wildlife species that use these habitats. Setting the scene, a hypothetical encounter by a millipede with a eucalypt log expands into a brief illustration of the service provided by the previously standing eucalypt to the forest community, from its maturity through senescence and death. The work is then formally introduced with a contention that greater public understanding and appreciation of eucalypt forests and their ecology is required to support their conservation. From here commences a journey into the old eucalypt forests to observe features that develop with time. The ageing process of eucalypts is observed as they leave behind the vigour of early maturity and become decrepit and broken. An account of the intricate workings of decay within trunks and limbs, enacted by an array of organisms, follows – a process causing hollows to arise. Many colourful, and often little-known, mammals, birds, reptiles and frogs that use these hollows for shelter and breeding are introduced, their vignettes illustrating the importance of a variety of hollow sizes and types to meet their needs and particularities. The focus then turns to the thick and loosening bark of expanding eucalypt girths and limbs, within and upon which myriad invertebrates find homes and shelter. They make the bark a rich foraging place, and a variety of vertebrates taking advantage of this situation are described, along with some small enough to squeeze behind the bark to shelter or breed. Values of dead branches and trees are then examined, these found to harbour yet more invertebrates and to provide foraging sites, spider web for nest-building, and hollows. A summary of the remaining journey, being developed for an expanded work, then follows. With the old or dead eucalypts having collapsed, this sees: logs upon the forest floor eventually assimilated into the soil while providing food and shelter for invertebrates and vertebrates; the hidden world of the litter and soil with their countless organisms, again providing forage and breeding sites for wildlife; the layered and patchy vegetation that develops with forest age, and the wildlife habitat this forms; and forest functions and process, such as carbon storage and water regulation, and how these are enhanced with forest age. The journey concludes with a reflection upon old-growth eucalypt forest values, and the importance of retaining and extending these places. ii The essay, reflecting upon this work and its possible form as a book, investigates whether popular environment-based books (termed “environment-writing” books) are a useful form of environmental communication – can they help nurture attitudes and behaviours sympathetic towards the environment? Following a positioning of the research question and clarification of the term, “environment writing”, part 1 opens with an investigation into cognitive properties of ecological information within environment-writing books. Segments of two books, Gum by Ashley Hay and Tree: A Biography by David Suzuki and Wayne Grady, are analysed to demonstrate how their ecological information may educate about the environment and ecology, enhance reader insight into ecological phenomena, and potentially increase reader appreciation of the subject. I then explore ways in which information within environment-writing books might evoke affective responses sympathetic towards the environment, including: sympathetic attitudes (with an examination of what attitudes are); a sense of connectedness; concern; empathy or identification; and indignation. In light of the ascertained cognitive and affective properties of environment- writing books, three environmental psychology models on the information-attitude-behaviour link are reviewed, and the place of the books within these models identified. A note follows on other properties of books that may facilitate their environmental-communication capacity. Part 2 transitions from potential personal/individual effects to collective responses, with investigation into known and theorised influences of environment-writing books in society. I review historical evidence of the influence of the classic books, A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold and Silent Spring by Rachel Carson, which shows them to have made significant and far-reaching contributions to environmental awareness, knowledge and action. An intertextual model is then drawn upon to demonstrate a way in which all environment-writing books, including those less known, can exert influence through stimulating and building public dialogue and constructs regarding the environment. These analyses: cognitive and affective properties of popular environment-writing books; theoretical models on environmental behaviour; historical and ongoing influences of two classic books; and intertextual web dynamics, lead to the conclusion that environment-writing books can play a useful role in environmental communication. iii Declaration by author This thesis is composed of my original work, and contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference has been made in the text. I have clearly stated the contribution by others to jointly-authored works that I have included in my thesis. I have clearly stated the contribution of others to my thesis as a whole, including statistical assistance, survey design, data analysis, significant technical procedures, professional editorial advice, and any other original research work used or reported in my thesis. The content of my thesis is the result of work I have carried out since the commencement of my research higher degree candidature and does not include a substantial part of work that has been submitted to qualify for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution. I have clearly stated which parts of my thesis, if any, have been submitted to qualify for another award. I acknowledge that an electronic copy of my thesis must be lodged with the University Library and, subject to the General Award Rules of The University of Queensland, immediately made available for research and study in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. I acknowledge that copyright of all material contained in my thesis resides with the copyright holder(s) of that material. Where appropriate I have obtained copyright permission from the copyright holder to reproduce material in this thesis. iv Publications during candidature No publications. Publications included in this thesis None. Contributions by others to the thesis No contributions by others. Statement of parts of the thesis submitted to qualify for the award of another degree None. v Acknowledgements I am grateful to those who have assisted in enabling me to bring this work to fruition: Dr Joan Leach and Dr Melissa Harper, EMSAH, UQ, provided support, and helpful feedback. Dr Ruth Blair, EMSAH, UQ, provided helpful feedback and information, and much inspiration. The initial idea for this project originated from a discussion with Professor Tony Norton, University of Tasmania. Prof Norton provided support, much encouragement, assistance, and feedback. Dr Peter Woodgate, CRC for Spatial Information, provided invaluable support, encouragement and inspiration, and helpful discussions and feedback for which I am most grateful. I thank Dr Richard Noske, Charles Darwin University, and Dr Michael Craig, Murdoch University, for generously providing helpful information/data on aspects of avian habitat use and behaviour, and Dr Ashley Hay for kindly providing information pertaining to her book, Gum. I also thank Dr Bronwyn Lea, EMSAH, UQ, for advice, Dr W. Ross Johnston, UQ, for feedback, Ms Tunya Struzina for helpful suggestions, EMSAH academic staff for support, UQ members of the Ecosystems Decisions Group for a helpful discussion, and fellow students for feedback. EMSAH administrative staff gave effortless assistance, including Ms Angela Tuohy, Ms Catherine Squirrell and Ms Stormy Wehi. UQ librarians provided tremendous research support, and UQ Graduate School staff and UQ IT staff gave helpful support. I am indebted to the following people who provided photographs and associated information, or else searched their photograph collections for potential images (some digging through drawers or boxes), gave assistance in locating photographs/photographers, or equipped me with slide viewers, scanners and light boxes. The images have been given in generosity, and not only illustrate this work, but truly decorate it. (In approximate order of contact): Dr Denis Saunders, CSIRO; Ms Suzanne Orwin, Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria; Dr David Hollands; Mr Steve Wilson, Dr Steve Van Dyck and Mr Scott Carlile, Queensland Museum; Mr Martyn Robinson, and staff, Australian Museum; Staff of Melbourne Museum Discovery Centre; Mr Stuart
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hollow-Bearing Trees As a Habitat Resource Along an Urbanisation Gradient
    Hollow-Bearing Trees as a Habitat Resource along an Urbanisation Gradient Author Treby, Donna Louise Published 2014 Thesis Type Thesis (PhD Doctorate) School Griffith School of Environment DOI https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/1674 Copyright Statement The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367782 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au Hollow-bearing Trees as a Habitat Resource along an Urbanisation Gradient Donna Louise Treby MPhil (The University of Queensland) Environmental Futures Centre. Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast. A thesis submitted for the fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. December 2013. “If we all did the things we are capable of doing. We would literally live outstanding lives. I think; if we all lived our lives this way, we would truly create an amazing world.” Thomas Edison. i Acknowledgements: It would be remiss of me if I did not begin by acknowledging my principal supervisor Dr Guy Castley, for the inception, development and assistance with the completion of this study. Your generosity, open door policy and smiling face made it a pleasure to work with you. I owe you so much, but all I can give you is my respect and heartfelt thanks. Along with my associate supervisor Prof. Jean-Marc Hero their joint efforts inspired me and opened my mind to the complexities and vagaries of ecological systems and processes on such a large scale. To my volunteers in the field, Katie Robertson who gave so much of her time and help in the early stages of my project, Agustina Barros, Ivan Gregorian, Sally Healy, Guy Castley, Katrin Lowe, Kieran Treby, Phil Treby, Erin Wallace, Nicole Glenane, Nick Clark, Mark Ballantyne, Chris Tuohy, Ryan Pearson and Nickolas Rakatopare all contributed to the collection of data for this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Polyporales in the Malay Peninsular and the Application of Ganoderma Australe (Fr.) Pat
    DIVERSITY OF POLYPORALES IN THE MALAY PENINSULAR AND THE APPLICATION OF GANODERMA AUSTRALE (FR.) PAT. IN BIOPULPING OF EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES OF ELAEIS GUINEENSIS MOHAMAD HASNUL BIN BOLHASSAN FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2013 DIVERSITY OF POLYPORALES IN THE MALAY PENINSULAR AND THE APPLICATION OF GANODERMA AUSTRALE (FR.) PAT. IN BIOPULPING OF EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES OF ELAEIS GUINEENSIS MOHAMAD HASNUL BIN BOLHASSAN THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2013 UNIVERSITI MALAYA ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION Name of Candidate: MOHAMAD HASNUL BIN BOLHASSAN (I.C No: 830416-13-5439) Registration/Matric No: SHC080030 Name of Degree: DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Title of Project Paper/Research Report/Disertation/Thesis (“this Work”): DIVERSITY OF POLYPORALES IN THE MALAY PENINSULAR AND THE APPLICATION OF GANODERMA AUSTRALE (FR.) PAT. IN BIOPULPING OF EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES OF ELAEIS GUINEENSIS. Field of Study: MUSHROOM DIVERSITY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: 1) I am the sole author/writer of this work; 2) This Work is original; 3) Any use of any work in which copyright exists was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any excerpt or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title of the Work and its authorship have been acknowledge in this Work; 4) I do not have any actual
    [Show full text]
  • The Tales of Two Geckos: Does Dispersal Prevent Extinction In
    Molecular Ecology (2007) 16, 3299–3312 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03352.x TheBlackwell Publishing Ltd tales of two geckos: does dispersal prevent extinction in recently fragmented populations? M. HOEHN,*† S. D. SARRE† and K. HENLE* *Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research — UFZ, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany, †Applied Ecology Research Group, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Abstract Although habitat loss and fragmentation threaten species throughout the world and are a major threat to biodiversity, it is apparent that some species are at greater risk of extinction in fragmented landscapes than others. Identification of these species and the characteristics that make them sensitive to habitat fragmentation has important implications for conser- vation management. Here, we present a comparative study of the population genetic structure of two arboreal gecko species (Oedura reticulata and Gehyra variegata) in fragmented and continuous woodlands. The species differ in their level of persistence in remnant vegetation patches (the former exhibiting a higher extinction rate than the latter). Previous demographic and modelling studies of these two species have suggested that their difference in persistence levels may be due, in part, to differences in dispersal abilities with G. variegata expected to have higher dispersal rates than O. reticulata. We tested this hypothesis and genotyped a total of 345 O. reticulata from 12 sites and 353 G. variegata from 13 sites at nine micro- satellite loci. We showed that O. reticulata exhibits elevated levels of structure (FST = 0.102 vs. 0.044), lower levels of genetic diversity (HE = 0.79 vs. 0.88), and fewer misassignments (20% vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny of Laetiporus and Other Brown Rot Polypore Genera in North America
    Mycologia, 100(3), 2008, pp. 417–430. DOI: 10.3852/07-124R2 # 2008 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Molecular phylogeny of Laetiporus and other brown rot polypore genera in North America Daniel L. Lindner1 Key words: evolution, Fungi, Macrohyporia, Mark T. Banik Polyporaceae, Poria, root rot, sulfur shelf, Wolfiporia U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Madison Field Office of the extensa Northern Research Station, Center for Forest Mycology Research, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726 INTRODUCTION The genera Laetiporus Murrill, Leptoporus Que´l., Phaeolus (Pat.) Pat., Pycnoporellus Murrill and Wolfi- Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships were investigat- poria Ryvarden & Gilb. contain species that possess ed among North American species of Laetiporus, simple septate hyphae, cause brown rots and produce Leptoporus, Phaeolus, Pycnoporellus and Wolfiporia annual, polyporoid fruiting bodies with hyaline using ITS, nuclear large subunit and mitochondrial spores. These shared morphological and physiologi- small subunit rDNA sequences. Members of these cal characters have been considered important in genera have poroid hymenophores, simple septate traditional polypore taxonomy (e.g. Gilbertson and hyphae and cause brown rots in a variety of substrates. Ryvarden 1986, Gilbertson and Ryvarden 1987, Analyses indicate that Laetiporus and Wolfiporia are Ryvarden 1991). However recent molecular work not monophyletic. All North American Laetiporus indicates that Laetiporus, Phaeolus and Pycnoporellus species formed a well supported monophyletic group fall within the ‘‘Antrodia clade’’ of true polypores (the ‘‘core Laetiporus clade’’ or Laetiporus s.s.) with identified by Hibbett and Donoghue (2001) while the exception of L. persicinus, which showed little Leptoporus and Wolfiporia fall respectively within the affinity for any genus for which sequence data are ‘‘phlebioid’’ and ‘‘core polyporoid’’ clades of true available.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Animal Keepers Species List
    Revised NSW Native Animal Keepers’ Species List Draft © 2017 State of NSW and Office of Environment and Heritage With the exception of photographs, the State of NSW and Office of Environment and Heritage are pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part for educational and non-commercial use, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged. Specific permission is required for the reproduction of photographs. The Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) has compiled this report in good faith, exercising all due care and attention. No representation is made about the accuracy, completeness or suitability of the information in this publication for any particular purpose. OEH shall not be liable for any damage which may occur to any person or organisation taking action or not on the basis of this publication. Readers should seek appropriate advice when applying the information to their specific needs. All content in this publication is owned by OEH and is protected by Crown Copyright, unless credited otherwise. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), subject to the exemptions contained in the licence. The legal code for the licence is available at Creative Commons. OEH asserts the right to be attributed as author of the original material in the following manner: © State of New South Wales and Office of Environment and Heritage 2017. Published by: Office of Environment and Heritage 59 Goulburn Street, Sydney NSW 2000 PO Box A290,
    [Show full text]
  • A Phylogenetic Overview of the Antrodia Clade (Basidiomycota, Polyporales)
    Mycologia, 105(6), 2013, pp. 1391–1411. DOI: 10.3852/13-051 # 2013 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 A phylogenetic overview of the antrodia clade (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) Beatriz Ortiz-Santana1 phylogenetic studies also have recognized the genera Daniel L. Lindner Amylocystis, Dacryobolus, Melanoporia, Pycnoporellus, US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Center for Sarcoporia and Wolfiporia as part of the antrodia clade Forest Mycology Research, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, (SY Kim and Jung 2000, 2001; Binder and Hibbett Madison, Wisconsin 53726 2002; Hibbett and Binder 2002; SY Kim et al. 2003; Otto Miettinen Binder et al. 2005), while the genera Antrodia, Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, Daedalea, Fomitopsis, Laetiporus and Sparassis have 00014, Helsinki, Finland received attention in regard to species delimitation (SY Kim et al. 2001, 2003; KM Kim et al. 2005, 2007; Alfredo Justo Desjardin et al. 2004; Wang et al. 2004; Wu et al. 2004; David S. Hibbett Dai et al. 2006; Blanco-Dios et al. 2006; Chiu 2007; Clark University, Biology Department, 950 Main Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610 Lindner and Banik 2008; Yu et al. 2010; Banik et al. 2010, 2012; Garcia-Sandoval et al. 2011; Lindner et al. 2011; Rajchenberg et al. 2011; Zhou and Wei 2012; Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships among mem- Bernicchia et al. 2012; Spirin et al. 2012, 2013). These bers of the antrodia clade were investigated with studies also established that some of the genera are molecular data from two nuclear ribosomal DNA not monophyletic and several modifications have regions, LSU and ITS. A total of 123 species been proposed: the segregation of Antrodia s.l.
    [Show full text]
  • Australia's Biodiversity and Climate Change
    Australia’s Biodiversity and Climate Change A strategic assessment of the vulnerability of Australia’s biodiversity to climate change A report to the Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council commissioned by the Australian Government. Prepared by the Biodiversity and Climate Change Expert Advisory Group: Will Steffen, Andrew A Burbidge, Lesley Hughes, Roger Kitching, David Lindenmayer, Warren Musgrave, Mark Stafford Smith and Patricia A Werner © Commonwealth of Australia 2009 ISBN 978-1-921298-67-7 Published in pre-publication form as a non-printable PDF at www.climatechange.gov.au by the Department of Climate Change. It will be published in hard copy by CSIRO publishing. For more information please email [email protected] This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the: Commonwealth Copyright Administration Attorney-General's Department 3-5 National Circuit BARTON ACT 2600 Email: [email protected] Or online at: http://www.ag.gov.au Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for Climate Change and Water and the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts. Citation The book should be cited as: Steffen W, Burbidge AA, Hughes L, Kitching R, Lindenmayer D, Musgrave W, Stafford Smith M and Werner PA (2009) Australia’s biodiversity and climate change: a strategic assessment of the vulnerability of Australia’s biodiversity to climate change.
    [Show full text]
  • Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview
    December, 2001 Neotropical Entomology 30(4) 501 FORUM Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview JACQUES H.C. DELABIE 1Lab. Mirmecologia, UPA Convênio CEPLAC/UESC, Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, CEPLAC, C. postal 7, 45600-000, Itabuna, BA and Depto. Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Univ. Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45660-000, Ilhéus, BA, [email protected] Neotropical Entomology 30(4): 501-516 (2001) Trofobiose Entre Formicidae e Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha): Uma Visão Geral RESUMO – Fêz-se uma revisão sobre a relação conhecida como trofobiose e que ocorre de forma convergente entre formigas e diferentes grupos de Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha (até então conhecidos como ‘Homoptera’). As principais características dos ‘Homoptera’ e dos Formicidae que favorecem as interações trofobióticas, tais como a excreção de honeydew por insetos sugadores, atendimento por formigas e necessidades fisiológicas dos dois grupos de insetos, são discutidas. Aspectos da sua evolução convergente são apresenta- dos. O sistema mais arcaico não é exatamente trofobiótico, as forrageadoras coletam o honeydew despejado ao acaso na folhagem por indivíduos ou grupos de ‘Homoptera’ não associados. As relações trofobióticas mais comuns são facultativas, no entanto, esta forma de mutualismo é extremamente diversificada e é responsável por numerosas adaptações fisiológicas, morfológicas ou comportamentais entre os ‘Homoptera’, em particular Sternorrhyncha. As trofobioses mais diferenciadas são verdadeiras simbioses onde as adaptações mais extremas são observadas do lado dos ‘Homoptera’. Ao mesmo tempo, as formigas mostram adaptações comportamentais que resultam de um longo período de coevolução. Considerando-se os inse- tos sugadores como principais pragas dos cultivos em nível mundial, as implicações das rela- ções trofobióticas são discutidas no contexto das comunidades de insetos em geral, focalizan- do os problemas que geram em Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP), em particular.
    [Show full text]
  • Five-Year Survival and Growth of Farm Forestry Plantings of Native Trees and Radiata Pine in Pasture Affected by Position in the Landscape
    CSIRO PUBLISHING Animal Production Science, 2013, 53, 817–826 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AN11247 Five-year survival and growth of farm forestry plantings of native trees and radiata pine in pasture affected by position in the landscape Nick Reid A,C, Jackie Reid B, Justin Hoad A, Stuart Green A, Greg Chamberlain A and J. M. Scott A ASchool of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. BSchool of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. CCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Woodlots ranging in area from 0.18 to 0.5 ha were established within the Cicerone Project farmlet trial on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, due to a lack of physical protection in most paddocks across the farmlets. Two percent of each farmlet was planted to trees to examine the commercial and environmental potential of seven species to provide shade and shelter for livestock, increase biodiversity or contribute to cash flow through farm forestry diversification. Eucalyptus caliginosa (timber), E. nitens (timber, pulp wood), E. radiata (essential oil) and Pinus radiata (timber) were planted in four upslope plots (1059–1062 m a.s.l.) in different paddocks. Casuarina cunninghamiana (timber, shelter), E. acaciiformis (shade, shelter and biodiversity), E. dalrympleana (timber, biodiversity), E. nitens (timber, pulp wood), E. radiata (essential oil) and P. radiata (timber) were planted in four low-lying plots (1046–1050 m a.s.l.) in separate paddocks, 400–1200 m distant. The pines and natives were planted in August and October 2003, respectively, into a well prepared, weed-free, mounded, planting bed.
    [Show full text]
  • Fundamentals of Biogeography
    FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOGEOGRAPHY Fundamentals of Biogeography presents an engaging and comprehensive introduction to biogeography, explaining the ecology, geography, and history of animals and plants. Defining and explaining the nature of populations, communities and ecosystems, the book examines where different animals and plants live and how they came to be living there; investigates how populations grow, interact, and survive, and how communities are formed and change; and predicts the shape of communities in the twenty-first century. Illustrated throughout with informative diagrams and attractive photos (many in colour), and including guides to further reading, chapter summaries, and an extensive glossary of key terms, Fundamentals of Biogeography clearly explains key concepts, life systems, and interactions. The book also tackles the most topical and controversial environmental and ethical concerns including: animal rights, species exploitation, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity, metapopulations, patchy landscapes, and chaos. Fundamentals of Biogeography presents an appealing introduction for students and all those interested in gaining a deeper understanding of the key topics and debates within the fields of biogeography, ecology and the environment. Revealing how life has and is adapting to its biological and physical surroundings, Huggett stresses the role of ecological, geographical, historical and human factors in fashioning animal and plant distributions and raises important questions concerning how humans have altered Nature, and how biogeography can affect conservation practice. Richard John Huggett is a Senior Lecturer in Geography at the University of Manchester ROUTLEDGE FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY SERIES Series Editor: John Gerrard This new series of focused, introductory textbooks presents comprehensive, up-to-date introductions to the fundamental concepts, natural processes and human/environmental impacts within each of the core physical geography sub-disciplines: Biogeography, Climatology, Hydrology, Geomorphology and Soils.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Protozoan Parasites Recorded in Australia Peter J. O
    1 CATALOGUE OF PROTOZOAN PARASITES RECORDED IN AUSTRALIA PETER J. O’DONOGHUE & ROBERT D. ADLARD O’Donoghue, P.J. & Adlard, R.D. 2000 02 29: Catalogue of protozoan parasites recorded in Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 45(1):1-164. Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835. Published reports of protozoan species from Australian animals have been compiled into a host- parasite checklist, a parasite-host checklist and a cross-referenced bibliography. Protozoa listed include parasites, commensals and symbionts but free-living species have been excluded. Over 590 protozoan species are listed including amoebae, flagellates, ciliates and ‘sporozoa’ (the latter comprising apicomplexans, microsporans, myxozoans, haplosporidians and paramyxeans). Organisms are recorded in association with some 520 hosts including mammals, marsupials, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates. Information has been abstracted from over 1,270 scientific publications predating 1999 and all records include taxonomic authorities, synonyms, common names, sites of infection within hosts and geographic locations. Protozoa, parasite checklist, host checklist, bibliography, Australia. Peter J. O’Donoghue, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia; Robert D. Adlard, Protozoa Section, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Australia; 31 January 2000. CONTENTS the literature for reports relevant to contemporary studies. Such problems could be avoided if all previous HOST-PARASITE CHECKLIST 5 records were consolidated into a single database. Most Mammals 5 researchers currently avail themselves of various Reptiles 21 electronic database and abstracting services but none Amphibians 26 include literature published earlier than 1985 and not all Birds 34 journal titles are covered in their databases. Fish 44 Invertebrates 54 Several catalogues of parasites in Australian PARASITE-HOST CHECKLIST 63 hosts have previously been published.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Fire Recovery of Woody Plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion
    Post-fire recovery of woody plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion Peter J. ClarkeA, Kirsten J. E. Knox, Monica L. Campbell and Lachlan M. Copeland Botany, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, AUSTRALIA. ACorresponding author; email: [email protected] Abstract: The resprouting response of plant species to fire is a key life history trait that has profound effects on post-fire population dynamics and community composition. This study documents the post-fire response (resprouting and maturation times) of woody species in six contrasting formations in the New England Tableland Bioregion of eastern Australia. Rainforest had the highest proportion of resprouting woody taxa and rocky outcrops had the lowest. Surprisingly, no significant difference in the median maturation length was found among habitats, but the communities varied in the range of maturation times. Within these communities, seedlings of species killed by fire, mature faster than seedlings of species that resprout. The slowest maturing species were those that have canopy held seed banks and were killed by fire, and these were used as indicator species to examine fire immaturity risk. Finally, we examine whether current fire management immaturity thresholds appear to be appropriate for these communities and find they need to be amended. Cunninghamia (2009) 11(2): 221–239 Introduction Maturation times of new recruits for those plants killed by fire is also a critical biological variable in the context of fire Fire is a pervasive ecological factor that influences the regimes because this time sets the lower limit for fire intervals evolution, distribution and abundance of woody plants that can cause local population decline or extirpation (Keith (Whelan 1995; Bond & van Wilgen 1996; Bradstock et al.
    [Show full text]