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Analysis of Biodiversity Threats & Opportunities in Malawi Resource Management

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Analysis of Biodiversity Threats & Opportunities in Malawi Resource Management October 2005 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Community Partnerships for Sustainable Resource ANALYSISManagement (COMPASS OF B II)IODIVERSITY staff. THREATS & OPPORTUNITIES IN MALAWI PHASE I: ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT STATUS OCCASIONAL PAPER NO. 13 COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS FOR SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (COMPASS II) November 2005 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Stephen J. MILLINGTON, Biodiversity Analysis Specialist on contractAUTHORITY to Development Alternatives, Inc ., and Madalitso KAFERAWANTHU, Biodiversity Analysis Specialist on contract to the Wildlife & Environmental Society of Malawi (WESM) Prepared for USAID/Malawi under Contract Number 690-C-00-04-00090-00 awarded 30 April 2004, entitled Community Partnerships for Sustainable Resource Management in Malawi (COMPASS II) The views expressed and opinions contained in this report are those of the COMPASS II field team and are not intended as statements of policy of either USAID or the contractor companies. PREPARED BY: COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS FOR SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN MALAŴI (COMPASS II) AUTHORS: Stephen J. (“Spike”) Millington and Madalitso Kaferawanthu CREDITS: Cover photos: Yesetsani Kambewankako, John Dickinson Text editing and report layout & design by John Dickinson. COMPASS II IMPLEMENTING PARTNERS: Development Alternatives, Inc Private Bag 20, 1st floor Able House 7250 Woodmont Ave., Suite 200 #8 Hannover Ave at Chilembwe Road Bethesda, MD 20814 Blantyre USA Malawi Tel: +1-301-718-8699 Telephone: +265 (0)1-622-800 Fax: +1-301-718-7968 Fax: +265 (0)1 622 852 email: [email protected] email: [email protected] With: Wildlife & Environmental Society of Malawi (WESM) +265-1-643-502 Private Bag 578, Limbe, Malawi And Spectrum Media +1-617-491-4300 271 Willow Ave., Somerville MA 02144 USA ANALYSIS OF BIODIVERSITY THREAT & OPPORTUNITIES PHASE I: ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT STATUS A report to USAID/Malawi produced by COMPASS II BY: Stephen J. (“Spike”) Millington and Madalitso Kaferawanthu DISCLAIMER The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. ANALYSIS OF BIODIVERSITY THREAT & OPPORTUNITIES IN MALAWI: MILLINGTON & KAFERAWANTHU II MALAWI COMPASS II OCCASIONAL PAPER NO. 13 ANALYSIS OF BIODIVERSITY THREAT & OPPORTUNITIES IN MALAWI: MILLINGTON & KAFERAWANTHU CONTENTS CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................................... III ACRONYMS............................................................................................................................................................ V PREFACE..............................................................................................................................................................VII INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ..........................................................................................................1 STATUS OF BIODIVERSITY..............................................................................................................................1 ECOREGIONS AND VEGETATION ZONES ....................................................................................................................1 SPECIES DIVERSITY..................................................................................................................................................3 Plants.................................................................................................................................................................4 Mammals ..........................................................................................................................................................4 Birds ..................................................................................................................................................................5 Amphibians.......................................................................................................................................................7 LAKE MALAWI ..........................................................................................................................................................8 AGRO-BIODIVERSITY ................................................................................................................................................9 INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES .........................................................................................................................................9 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC VALUES...............................................................................................................................9 HISTORICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONTEXT....................................................................................11 BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE ....................................................................................................................12 WOODLANDS AND HIV/AIDS................................................................................................................................12 COMMUNITY-BASED NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................13 INSTITUTIONS, POLICIES, AND LEGISLATION ....................................................................................15 GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS .................................................................................................................................15 POLICIES AND LEGISLATION ...................................................................................................................................15 Water Resources...........................................................................................................................................15 Forestry...........................................................................................................................................................16 Environment...................................................................................................................................................16 National Parks and Wildlife .........................................................................................................................17 INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS .............................................................................................................................18 PROTECTED AREAS...........................................................................................................................................19 NATIONAL PARKS, WILDLIFE RESERVES AND NATURE SANCTUARIES ......................................................................19 FOREST RESERVES .................................................................................................................................................20 THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR MALAWI’S BIODIVERSITY .................................................21 THREATS TO FORESTS AND WOODLANDS ...............................................................................................................21 THREATS TO LAKE MALAWI ....................................................................................................................................21 POACHING..............................................................................................................................................................22 OPPORTUNITIES.....................................................................................................................................................22 PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS ..........................................................................................................................23 LAKE MALAWI ........................................................................................................................................................23 EC FOREST MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS PROGRAMME ..............................................................24 ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF MALAWI-ZAMBIA TRANSFRONTIER CONSERVATION AREAS .......................25 MOUNT MULANJE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION PROJECT ....................................................................................25 DANISH HUNTERS ASSOCIATION SUPPORT TO DWNP ...........................................................................................26 Lake Chilwa Bird Hunters Capacity Development...................................................................................26 Capacity Building in CBNRM of Wildlife.....................................................................................................26 Capacity Building of NGO CBNRM Network..............................................................................................26 MIOMBO RESEARCH PROJECTS...............................................................................................................................26 OCCASIONAL PAPER NO. 13 MALAWI COMPASS II III ANALYSIS OF BIODIVERSITY THREAT & OPPORTUNITIES IN MALAWI: MILLINGTON & KAFERAWANTHU SADC BIODIVERSITY SUPPORT PROGRAMME .........................................................................................................27
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