Audio Analyzer Type 2012 (Bp1503)
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Product Data Audio Analyzer — Type 2012 Version 4.0 including Special Calculation Software Type 7661 USES: ❍ Automated measurements of individual Harmonic, ❍ Development and quality control testing of Intermodulation and Difference Frequency distortion electroacoustic and vibration transducers: components and total RMS loudspeakers, telephones, headphones, ❍ 1600 line FFT spectrum microphones, hearing-aids, hydrophones, ❍ User-definable Auto Sequences accelerometers ❍ Extensive post-processing facilities: +, –, ×, /, 1/x, ❍ Linear and non-linear system analysis x2, √x, |x|, poles, zeros, windowing, editing, ❍ Propagation path identification smoothing ❍ Acoustical measurements in rooms and vehicles ❍ On-screen help in English, French or German ❍ Preamplifier (microphone) and balanced or single- ended direct inputs FEATURES: ❍ Two separate built-in sine generators ❍ Transducer workstation combining the most ❍ 1 ″ Built-in 3 /2 , 1.44Mbyte, PC/MS-DOS compatible advanced sine sweep and FFT techniques floppy disk drive for storage of data, setups, and ❍ 12″ high-resolution colour monitor displays up to 36 Auto Sequences and simple loading of complete curves simultaneously applications ❍ Frequency range: 1Hz to 40kHz ❍ Screen copy facility for plotters and printers, both ❍ Distortion and noise: <–80 dB re full scale input colour and monochrome, direct or via disk ❍ ❍ Fast time selective measurement of complex Upgrade kit from Version 3.0 to Version 4.0 frequency and impulse response available ❍ Steady-state response measurements as a function of swept frequency or level The Type 2012 Audio Analyzer is a powerful instrument for transducer measurements and system analysis. It 1 ″ features a colour screen, built-in 3 /2 floppy disk drive, IEEE-488 and RS- 232-C interfaces, three measurement modes and an Auto Sequence facility. The Time Selective Response mode en- ables extremely fast, accurate, swept sine measurements of the free-field re- sponse of a transducer in an ordinary room up to the 20th harmonic. The Steady State Response mode enables stepped sine measurements of Har- monic, Difference Frequency and Inter- modulation distortion. The 2012 also incorporates a 1600 line single-channel FFT for spectrum measurements. Type 2012 has numerous post-pro- cessing capabilities: windowing, block arithmetic, addition of poles and zeros, square and square root, absolute value, and editing of response data. Applica- tions include development and quality control testing of loudspeakers, tele- phones, microphones and other elec- troacoustic and vibration transducers. Brüel & Kjær B K Introduction Measurement Memory Module Curve Data Curve Storage Module Audio Analyzer Type 2012 offers Module Calculation three powerful measurement tech- "M 10" niques in one instrument. Time Se- (complex data) Curve Curve "M 2" (e.g., lective Response (TSR), Steady State Magnitude, Storage Storage TSR "M 1" Response (SSR) and FFT Spectrum Phase, A B Group (FFT) techniques combined with full Buffer SSR Memories Delay) Live Live complex processing, ensure that Type Memory 1 – 10 Curve Curve 2012 will solve almost any electroa- FFT A B coustic measurement problem. TSR Mode The TSR mode enables “free-field” measurements without an anechoic Block Arithmetic Module Display Module chamber, by rejecting the reflections (postprocessing– e.g., Add, Multiply, Log., Window) (definition of graph axes) from an ordinary listening room. Type 2012 incorporates a technique 902056e that allows a useful combination of Fig.1 Flow-chart showing the basic data flow in Type 2012. Data from the measurement speed, accuracy and signal/noise ratio module are stored as complex numbers in the buffer memory or one of the ten result for such measurements. memories. Graph functions can be calculated and displayed after a measurement is performed SSR Mode The SSR mode offers comprehensive A command-oriented Auto Se- ject. An autorange function exists for distortion measurement facilities: quence facility makes it simple to set setting the optimum input gain. Harmonic, Intermodulation and Dif- up the 2012 to perform a specific For most applications the 2012 is ference Frequency distortion modes. task. Auto Sequences are edited in a a self-contained instrument. It has For band-limited objects, such as special menu, and are basically a se- both direct and microphone inputs electroacoustic transducers, non-line- quence of setup changes or control and two separate built-in sine signal arities cannot be evaluated simply by commands which are executed in the generators for excitation. The Direct measuring Harmonic, Intermodula- same order as they are set up. The Input can be used balanced or single tion or Difference Frequency distor- Auto Sequence facility allows you to ended. The “Preamp. Input” is used tion at a few frequencies only. The tailor the operation of the 2012 to a for connecting a standard B&K mi- inclusion of all three distortion modes specific application. Five Auto Se- crophone preamplifier and measur- means that measurements can be quences, each containing up to 100 ing microphone. made beyond the upper frequency lines, can be stored in the 2012. Auto Graphic presentation and docu- limit of a test object. This is possible Sequences can also be saved or read mentation are set up in the Screen because the distortion components from a disk. Format menu. This menu has com- will remain inside the working fre- Measurement data are always prehensive facilities for documenta- quency range of the object. stored as complex frequency func- tion and hard copies of parameter tions in the measurement buffer or overviews for measurements can eas- FFT Mode one of the ten result memories — ily be made. Two screen pictures with The FFT Spectrum mode has been “M 1” to “M 10”. The data in each of a total of 36 graphs can be stored specially developed for optimum these memories can then be proc- simultaneously. The Graph menu is analysis of transient signals in the essed further, as complex numbers, used for setting up the parameters time or frequency domains. using the Block Arithmetic facility. for the frequency and time domain Fig. 1 gives an overview of the data functions. Any desired graph function Description flow inside Type 2012. can be displayed after a measure- Type 2012 features a 12″ high-reso- Measurement results obtained in ment has been performed. A set of lution colour screen. 16 different col- TSR or SSR mode are calculated as graph data is calculated based on the ours can be selected from a palette of frequency responses. The frequency parameters in the Graph menu and 4096 colours. Setting up the screen response is calculated as the transfer the measurement data from the format for simultaneous presentation function (relative response) or as the measurement buffer or one of the re- of up to 36 curves on one or two graph response signal only (absolute re- sult memories. The flexibility of the fields is very simple with Type 2012, sponse). Measurements obtained in graph axis parameters and the pos- and multiple curves are easily pre- FFT mode are calculated as spectra. sibility for individual graph annota- sented by using different colours. The scaling of a spectrum can be tions give great freedom for viewing The 2012 is simple to operate. The RMS, Power, ASD (amplitude spec- and documenting the results. “soft key” system significantly reduc- tral density), PSD (power spectral A standard “QWERTY” keyboard is es the number of keys. The keys are density) or ESD (energy spectral den- delivered with the 2012. It is used for organized to give a good overview of sity). entering text on graphs and for per- the various functions, and logical The input and output of the ana- sonal comments on a text page. The menus provide a guide for setting up lyzer can be calibrated in any desired keyboard can easily be changed to in- the analyzer. The soft keys are posi- unit. Once calibrated, the 2012 level clude German or French characters. tioned along the right-hand edge of settings refer directly to the signal at The analyzer is supplied with Eng- the colour monitor. the terminals of the measurement ob- lish, German and French program 2 ≈1 m Frequency Delay Propagation speed Corresponding to approx. 3 ms Collection c = 344 m/s of data Time 1000 Hz 970 Hz range ƒmax 940 Hz ƒstop 920 Hz Settling range F = Excitation Valid data ƒ – ƒstart Sweep rate stop range for S = 10 Hz/ms analysis of ƒstart response ƒmin Sweep rate 970 Hz F S = — TS TS Reflecting Sweep time Time surface Floor 902057e t 0 t 0S + T 902058e Fig.2 The Time Selective Response mode allows the free-field Fig.3 The 2012 measures the fundamental frequency or selected response of a loudspeaker to be measured in an ordinary room. harmonic (up to the 20th), in TSR mode. The light raster area A linear sweep is used for excitation. Various delays are converted represents the data which are actually used for analysing the into frequency shifts proportional to the delay and sweep rate S. response. The sweep range is automatically increased to eliminate The figure shows the instantaneous frequencies at the moment in “edge effects”. The triangular dark raster areas represent the extra time when the generator is at 1000Hz data. The width of the data area is given by the Time Range which is equivalent to the length of the time window disks. This gives the option of select- Measurement Modes Time Selective Response ing English, German or French char- The TSR mode employs a technique acters, as well as displaying help A Mode menu is used for selecting for measuring a time-selective fre- pages in the desired language. either the TSR, SSR or FFT measur- quency response using a linear con- The 2012 has extensive on-line ing mode, or one of the five Auto Se- tinuous sine sweep with constant or help facilities. One status and error- quences. Measurements are always frequency-weighted amplitude.