LSU UHM Fellowship Program Policies Manual and Resource
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Hypothermia and Respiratory Heat Loss While Scuba Diving
HYPOTHERMIA AND RESPIRATORY HEAT LOSS WHILE SCUBA DIVING Kateřina Kozáková Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University in Prague, Department of Biomedical Labo- ratory Abstract One of the factors affecting length of stay under water of a diver is heat comfort. During scuba diving there is an increased risk of hypothermia. Hypothermia is one of the most life threatening factors of a diver and significantly affects his performance. The body heat loss runs by different mechanisms. One of them is the respiratory mechanism, which is often overlooked. Compressed dry air or other media is coming out from the cylinder, which have to be heated and humidified to a suitable value. Thus the organism loses body heat and consequently energy. Based on literature search the article will describe safe dive time in terms of hypo- thermia in connection to respiratory heat loss. Key words: hypothermia, heat loss, respiration, scuba diving, water environment Souhrn Jedním z faktorů ovlivňujících délku pobytu potápěče pod vodou je tepelný komfort. Během výkonu přístro- jového potápění hrozí zvýšené riziko hypotermie. Hypotermie představuje jedno z nejzávažnějších ohrožení života potápěče a zásadně ovlivňuje jeho výkon. Ke ztrátám tělesného tepla dochází různými mechanismy. Jednou cestou tepelných ztrát je ztráta tepla dýcháním, která je často opomíjená. Z potápěčského přístroje vychází suchý stlačený vzduch nebo jiné médium, který je třeba při dýchání ohřát a zvlhčit na potřebnou hodnotu. Tím organismus ztrácí tělesné teplo a potažmo energii. Tento článek, na základě literární rešerše, popíše bezpečnou dobou ponoru z hlediska hypotermie a v souvislosti se ztrátou tepla dýcháním. Klíčová slova: hypotermie, ztráta tepla, dýchání, přístrojové potápění, vodní prostředí Introduction amount of body heat. -
Heat Stroke Heat Exhaustion
Environmental Injuries Co lin G. Ka ide, MD , FACEP, FAAEM, UHM Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine Board-Certified Specialist in Hyperbaric Medicine Specialist in Wound Care The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center The Most Dangerous Drug Combination… Accidental Testosterone Hypothermia and Alcohol! The most likely victims… Photo: Ralf Roletschek 1 Definition of Blizzard Hypothermia of Subnormal T° when the body is unable to generate sufficient heat to sustain normal functions Core Temperature < 95°F 1979 (35°C) Most Important Temperatures Thermoregulation 95°F (35° C) Hyper/Goofy The body uses a Poikilothermic shell to maintain a Homeothermic core 90°F (32°C) Shivering Stops Maintains core T° w/in 1.8°F(1°C) 80°F (26. 5°C) Vfib, Coma Hypothalamus Skin 65°F (18°C) Asystole Constant T° 96.896.8-- 100.4° F 2 Thermoregulation The 2 most important factors Only 3 Causes! Shivering (10x increase) Decreased Heat Production Initiated by low skin temperature Increased Heat Loss Warming the skin can abolish Impaired Thermoregulation shivering! Peripheral vasoconstriction Sequesters heat Predisposing Predisposing Factors Factors Decreased Production Increased Loss –Endocrine problems Radiation Evaporation • Thyroid Conduction* • Adrenal Axis Convection** –Malnutrition *Depends on conducting material **Depends on wind velocity –Neuromuscular disease 3 Predisposing Systemic Responses CNS Factors T°< 90°F (34°C) Impaired Regulation Hyperactivity, excitability, recklessness CNS injury T°< 80°F (27°C) Hypothalamic injuries Loss of voluntary -
NATO HANDBOOK on MARITIME MEDICINE Amedp-11(A)
NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) NATO HANDBOOK ON MARITIME MEDICINE AMedP-11(A) ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) INTENTIONALLY BLANK ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) NATO HANDBOOK ON MARITIME MEDICINE AMedP-11(A) NOVEMBER 2008 i ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) INTENTIONALLY BLANK ii ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11 (A) NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION NATO STANDARDIZATION AGENCY (NSA) NATO LETTER OF PROMULGATION 24 November 2008 1. AMedP-11(A) - NATO HANDBOOK ON MARITIME MEDICINE is a NATO/PfP UNCLASSIFIED publication. The agreement of nations to use this publication is recorded in STANAG 1269. 2. AMedP-11 (A) is effective on receipt. It supercedes AMedP-11, which shall be destroyed in accordance with the local procedure for the destruction of documents. Juan . MORENO Vice dmiral, ESP(N) Dir tor, NATO Standardization Agency III ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) INTENTIONALLY BLANK IV ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) THIS PAGE IS RESERVED FOR NATIONAL LETTER OF PROMULGATION V ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) INTENTIONALLY BLANK VI ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) RECORDS OF CHANGES Change No Date inserted NATO Signature Rank/Rate/ Effective Date Grade VII ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) INTENTIONALLY BLANK VIII ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) RECORD OF RESERVATIONS BY NATIONS CHAPTER RECORD OF RESERVATIONS BY NATIONS General FRA 2 TUR 3 TUR 4 TUR 14 TUR 16 TUR 20 TUR Annex A TUR IX ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) INTENTIONALLY BLANK X ORIGINAL NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED NAT/PfP UNCLASSIFIED AMedP-11(A) RECORD OF SPECIFIC RESERVATIONS COUNTRY SPECIFIC RESERVATIONS France considers AMedP‑11 as an interesting guide, but this publication does not constitute a national technical guideline. -
Aerospace Physiology
AEROSPACE PHYSIOLOGY ALTITUDE CHAMBER Human Factors in Flight Introductory Course Manual Revised: March 30, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ v SYMBOLS USED ............................................................................................................ vi CHAPTER I PHYSICS OF THE ATMOSPHERE ............................................................... 1 Objectives ................................................................................................. 1 Functions of the Atmosphere .................................................................... 1 Main Component Gases and Percentages ................................................. 1 Atmospheric Pressure ............................................................................... 2 Measurement of Altitude .......................................................................... 2 Physical Divisions of the Atmosphere ...................................................... 3 Physiological Divisions of the Atmosphere .............................................. 4 The Gas Laws ........................................................................................... 5 II RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION .................................................................... 7 Objectives ................................................................................................. 7 Definition ................................................................................................. -
THE PHYSICIAN's GUIDE to DIVING MEDICINE the PHYSICIAN's GUIDE to DIVING MEDICINE Tt",,.,,,,., , ••••••••••• ,
THE PHYSICIAN'S GUIDE TO DIVING MEDICINE THE PHYSICIAN'S GUIDE TO DIVING MEDICINE tt",,.,,,,., , ••••••••••• , ......... ,.", •••••••••••••••••••••••• ,. ••. ' ••••••••••• " .............. .. Edited by Charles W. Shilling Catherine B. Carlston and Rosemary A. Mathias Undersea Medical Society Bethesda, Maryland PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: The Physician's guide to diving medicine. Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Submarine medicine. 2. Diving, Submarine-Physiological aspects. I. Shilling, Charles W. (Charles Wesley) II. Carlston, Catherine B. III. Mathias, Rosemary A. IV. Undersea Medical Society. [DNLM: 1. Diving. 2. Submarine Medicine. WD 650 P577] RC1005.P49 1984 616.9'8022 84-14817 ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-9663-8 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-2671-7 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2671-7 This limited facsimile edition has been issued for the purpose of keeping this title available to the scientific community. 10987654 ©1984 Plenum Press, New York A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher Contributors The contributors who authored this book are listed alphabetically below. Their names also appear in the text following contributed chapters or sections. N. R. Anthonisen. M.D .. Ph.D. Professor of Medicine University of Manitoba Winnipeg. Manitoba. Canada Arthur J. Bachrach. Ph.D. Director. Environmental Stress Program Naval Medical Research Institute Bethesda. Maryland C. Gresham Bayne. -
Side Scan Sonar and the Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage Timmy Gambin
259 CHAPTER 15 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OAR@UM Side Scan Sonar and the Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage Timmy Gambin Introduction Th is chapter deals with side scan sonar, not because I believe it is superior to other available technologies but rather because it is the tool that I have used in the context of a number of off shore surveys. It is therefore opportune to share an approach that I have developed and utilised in a number of projects around the Mediterranean. Th ese projects were conceptualised together with local partners that had a wealth of local experience in the countries of operation. Over time it became clear that before starting to plan a project it is always important to ask oneself the obvious question – but one that is oft en overlooked: “what is it that we are setting out to achieve”? All too oft en, researchers and scientists approach a potential research project with blinkers. Such an approach may prove to be a hindrance to cross-fertilisation of ideas as well as to inter-disciplinary cooperation. Th erefore, the aforementioned question should be followed up by a second query: “and who else can benefi t from this project?” Benefi ciaries may vary from individual researchers of the same fi eld such as archaeologists interested in other more clearly defi ned historic periods (World War II, Early Modern shipping etc) to other researchers who may be interested in specifi c studies (African amphora production for example). -
IMCA D033 Limitations in the Use of Scuba Offshore
AB The International Marine Contractors Association Limitations in the Use of SCUBA Offshore IMCA D 033 www.imca-int.com October 2003 AB The International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA) is the international trade association representing offshore, marine and underwater engineering companies. IMCA promotes improvements in quality, health, safety, environmental and technical standards through the publication of information notes, codes of practice and by other appropriate means. Members are self-regulating through the adoption of IMCA guidelines as appropriate. They commit to act as responsible members by following relevant guidelines and being willing to be audited against compliance with them by their clients. There are two core committees that relate to all members: Safety, Environment & Legislation Training, Certification & Personnel Competence The Association is organised through four distinct divisions, each covering a specific area of members’ interests: Diving, Marine, Offshore Survey, Remote Systems & ROV. There are also four regional sections which facilitate work on issues affecting members in their local geographic area – Americas Deepwater, Asia-Pacific, Europe & Africa and Middle East & India. IMCA D 033 This guidance document was prepared for IMCA under the direction of its Diving Division Management Committee, enhancing and extending guidance formerly available via guidance note AODC 065, which is now withdrawn. www.imca-int.com/diving The information contained herein is given for guidance only and endeavours to reflect best industry practice. For the avoidance of doubt no legal liability shall attach to any guidance and/or recommendation and/or statement herein contained. Limitations in the Use of SCUBA Offshore 1 BACKGROUND SCUBA – self-contained underwater breathing apparatus – was first developed in the 1940s and has since become widely used for recreational and amateur diving. -
Information Synthesis on the Potential for Bat Interactions with Offshore Wind Facilities
_______________ OCS Study BOEM 2013-01163 Information Synthesis on the Potential for Bat Interactions with Offshore Wind Facilities Final Report U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Office of Renewable Energy Programs www.boem.gov OCS Study BOEM 2013-01163 Information Synthesis on the Potential for Bat Interactions with Offshore Wind Facilities Final Report Authors Steven K. Pelletier Kristian S. Omland Kristen S. Watrous Trevor S. Peterson Prepared under BOEM Contract M11PD00212 by Stantec Consulting Services Inc. 30 Park Drive Topsham, ME 04086 Published by U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Herndon, VA Office of Renewable Energy Programs June 2013 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared under contract between the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and Stantec Consulting Services Inc. This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM, and it has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of BOEM, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. It is, however, exempt from review and compliance with BOEM editorial standards. REPORT AVAILABILITY The report may be downloaded from the boem.gov website through the Environmental Studies Program Information System (ESPIS). You will be able to obtain this report from BOEM or the National Technical Information Service. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Ocean Energy Management National Technical Information Service Office of Renewable Energy Programs 5285 Port Royal Road 381 Elden Street, HM-1328 Springfield, Virginia 22161 Herndon, VA 20170 Phone: (703) 605-6040 Fax: (703) 605-6900 Email: [email protected] CITATION Pelletier, S.K., K. -
Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine
Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 7KH-RXUQDORIWKH6RXWK3DFL¿F8QGHUZDWHU0HGLFLQH6RFLHW\ ,QFRUSRUDWHGLQ9LFWRULD $% ISSN 1833 - 3516 Volume 37 No. 4 ABN 29 299 823 713 December 2007 Diving expeditions: from Antarctica to the Tropics Diving deaths in New Zealand Epilepsy and diving – time for a change? Mechanical ventilation of patients at pressure Print Post Approved PP 331758/0015 9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZKdajbZ(,Cd#)9ZXZbWZg'%%, PURPOSES OF THE SOCIETY IdegdbdiZVcY[VX^a^iViZi]ZhijYnd[VaaVheZXihd[jcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ Idegdk^YZ^c[dgbVi^dcdcjcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ IdejWa^h]V_djgcVa IdXdckZcZbZbWZghd[i]ZHdX^ZinVccjVaanViVhX^Zci^ÄXXdc[ZgZcXZ OFFICE HOLDERS EgZh^YZci 9g8]g^h6Xdii (%EVg`6kZcjZ!GdhhancEVg` :çbV^a1XVXdii5deijhcZi#Xdb#Vj3 Hdji]6jhigVa^V*%,' EVhiçEgZh^YZci 9gGdWncLVa`Zg &'7VggVaa^ZgHigZZi!<g^[Äi] :çbV^a1GdWnc#LVa`Zg5YZ[ZcXZ#\dk#Vj3 68I'+%( HZXgZiVgn 9gHVgV]H]Vg`Zn E#D#7DM&%*!CVggVWZZc :çbV^a1hejbhhZXgZiVgn5\bV^a#Xdb3 CZlHdji]LVaZh'&%& IgZVhjgZg 9g<jnL^aa^Vbh E#D#7dm&.%!GZY=^aaHdji] :çbV^a1hejbh5[VhibV^a#cZi3 K^Xidg^V(.(, :Y^idg 6hhdX#Egd[#B^`Z9Vk^h 8$d=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZJc^i :çbV^a1hejbh_5XY]W#\dki#co3 8]g^hiX]jgX]=dhe^iVa!Eg^kViZ7V\),&%!8]g^hiX]jgX]!CO :YjXVi^dcD[ÄXZg 9g;^dcVH]Vge ').XC^X]dahdcGdVY!H]ZcidcEVg` :çbV^a1h]Vge^Z[5YdXidgh#dg\#j`3 LZhiZgc6jhigVa^V+%%- EjWa^XD[ÄXZg 9gKVcZhhV=VaaZg E#D#7dm-%'(!8Vggjb9dlch :çbV^a1kVcZhhV#]VaaZg5XYbX#Xdb#Vj3 K^Xidg^V('%& 8]V^gbVc6CO=B< 9g9Vk^YHbVgi 9ZeVgibZcid[9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZ :çbV^a1YVk^Y#hbVgi5Y]]h#iVh#\dk#Vj3 GdnVa=dWVgi=dhe^iVa!=dWVgi!IVhbVc^V,%%% LZWbVhiZg -
Based on a Review of the NOAA Diving Manual, 4
conditions, polluted water, rebreathers, Nitrox, mixed- gas diving, saturated diving, hyperbaric chambers, hazardous aquatic life, emergency medical care, and accident management. But wait, there's more: the appendices also cover field neurological assessment, various dive tables including saturation and Nitrox, a complete glossary, a very good list of references, and a useful index. If you want to complete your library, then also get: • U.S. Navy Diving Manual, available as a free but large 46MB pdf file on-line (www.supsalv.org/ divingpubs.html#Download) • Scientific Diving Techniques; A Practical Guide for the Research Diver, by John Heine (reviewed in Oceanography, 14(1), by Alice Alldredge) • Scientific Diving: A General Code of Practice, by Nick Flemming and Michael Max • The Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving, 2 °a edi- Comments on Technology Transfer in Diving: tion, Professional Association of diving Instructors, 1996, softcover and CD-ROM [some Based on a Review of the NOAA Diving redundancy with the NOAA Diving Manual, but Manual, 4 'h Edition a good chapter on the Aquatic Realm] Review by Part Two--Tech Transfer Melbourne G. Briscoe What this review is really about is a short essay on Office of Naval Research, Arlington, Virginia USA where the information comes from that goes into books Ronald B. Carmichael like the NOAA Diving Manual, and where it goes. Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C USA There are five major branches in the world of div- ing: commercial, public safety, military, scientific and Part One- Review recreational. In the United States the Occupational This is nominally a review of a 2001 publication, Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) either regu- the NOAA Diving Manual, Diving for Science and lates these activities or gives waivers if an alternative Technology, 4" edition, NTIS Order Number PB99- regulatory process exists. -
The Women Divers Hall of Fame to Welcome 6 New Members in 2014
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: The Women Divers Hall of Fame to welcome 6 New Members in 2014 Dedicated to recognizing and honoring the contributions of women divers, the Women Divers Hall of Fame™ (WDHOF) is an international, non-profit, professional honor society whose member contributions span a wide variety of fields including: The Arts, Science, Medicine, Exploration & Technology, Marine Archeology, Business, Media, Training & Education, Safety, Commercial & Military Diving, Free Diving, and Underwater Sports. The Hall is proud to announce the selection of six new Members who will constitute the Class of 2014: • Barbara Allen: Pioneer, Instructor, Ocean Advocate • Kristine Barsky: Marine Biologist, Environmentalist, Author, Videographer • Emma L. Hickerson: Unit Diving Supervisor, Conservationist, Submersible Pilot • Jayne Jenkins: Photographer, Educational Non-Profit Leader, Conservationist, Safety Diver • Deidre Sullivan: Marine Geologist, Educator, Submersible Diver • Tamara Thomsen: Maritime Archaeologist, Shipwreck Conservationist, Instructor (See biographies of these women below.) These extraordinary women will be officially inducted into WDHOF on March 29, 2014 at the Beneath the Sea (BTS) Awards Banquet in Secaucus, New Jersey (www.BeneathTheSea.org). WDHOF, a 501(c)(3) corporation, was founded in 2000. WDHOF’s mission is to recognize the contributions of outstanding women divers and to offer financial assistance and mentorship to women and men interested in pursuing diving careers. As such, WDHOF offers 13 scholarships and training grants a year. For more information about or to contribute to the WDHOF scholarship program, log on to www.wdhof.org/scholarships. WOMEN DIVERS HALL OF FAME, CLASS OF 2014 Recognizing the contributions The following summary provides a glimpse into the exciting and diverse backgrounds of the newest of women pioneers, leaders class of WDHOF members: and innovators in the many fields of diving; Promoting careers and Barbara Allen - Pioneer, Instructor, Ocean Advocate opportunities for women in the dive community. -
Overview of Geophysical and Geotechnical Marine Surveys for Offshore Wind Transmission Cables in the UK September 2015
Overview of geophysical and geotechnical marine surveys for offshore wind transmission cables in the UK September 2015 Overview of geophysical and geotechnical marine surveys for offshore wind transmission cables in the UK Disclaimer Whilst the information contained in this report has been prepared and collated in good faith, the Offshore Wind Programme Board (OWPB) makes no representation or warranty (express or implied) as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this report (including any enclosures and attachments) nor shall be liable for any loss or damage, whether direct or consequential, arising from reliance on this report by any person. In particular, but without limitation, the OWPB accepts no responsibility for accuracy and completeness for any comments on, or opinions regarding the functional and technical capabilities of any software, equipment or other products mentioned in the report. The OWPB is not responsible in any way in connection with erroneous information or data contained or referred to in this document. It is up to those who use the information in this report to satisfy themselves as to its accuracy. This report and its contents do not constitute professional advice. Specific advice should be sought about your specific circumstances. The information contained in this report has been produced by a working group of industry professionals and has not been subject to independent verification. The OWPB has not sought to independently corroborate this information. The OWPB accepts no responsibility for accuracy and completeness for any comments on, or opinions regarding the functional and technical capabilities of any software, equipment or other products mentioned.