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Fijian Treasures in International Museums – a Study of Repatriation, Ownership and Cultural Rights

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Fijian Treasures in International Museums – a Study of Repatriation, Ownership and Cultural Rights Libraries and Learning Services University of Auckland Research Repository, ResearchSpace Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: • Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. • Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognize the author's right to be identified as the author of this thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. • You will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from their thesis. General copyright and disclaimer In addition to the above conditions, authors give their consent for the digital copy of their work to be used subject to the conditions specified on the Library Thesis Consent Form and Deposit Licence. I YAU VAKAVITI: FIJIAN TREASURES IN INTERNATIONAL MUSEUMS – A STUDY OF REPATRIATION, OWNERSHIP AND CULTURAL RIGHTS TARISI SOROVI VUNIDILO A thesis in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Pacific Studies The University of Auckland New Zealand 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS I YAU VAKAVITI: FIJIAN TREASURES IN INTERNATIONAL MUSEUMS – A STUDY OF REPATRIATION, OWNERSHIP AND CULTURAL RIGHTS ............................................................ 1 LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................................................................X LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................................ XIII ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................................... XIV ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................... XVI DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................................... XVIII DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ....................................................................................................... XIX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................................... XX NA VAKAVINAVINAKA ............................................................................................................................... XXIII 1 CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Aims and Objectives .................................................................................................................. 4 1.3 Research Questions ................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Rationale ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.5 Significance of this Research.................................................................................................. 6 1.6 Research Sites as Context of Study ...................................................................................... 7 1.6.1 Case Study 1: Fiji Museum, Suva, Fiji ................................................................................................................... 9 1.6.2 Case Study 2: Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge, England ...........................10 1.6.3 Case Study 3: Museum Of Anthropology, Vancouver, Canada ................................................................10 1.7 Research Designs and Methodology ................................................................................ 11 1.8 Research Sampling .................................................................................................................. 11 1.8.1 Fieldwork Preparation .............................................................................................................................................11 1.8.2 Preliminary Research (PIMA) ...............................................................................................................................12 1.8.3 Fieldwork Approach ..................................................................................................................................................13 1.9 Postcolonial Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 15 1.10 Data Analysis .......................................................................................................................... 18 1.11 Ethical Considerations ........................................................................................................ 18 1.12 Summary of Findings .......................................................................................................... 18 1.13 Challenges Faced During The Research ....................................................................... 19 1.14 Research Assumptions ....................................................................................................... 21 1.15 Claim to Originality .............................................................................................................. 22 1.16 Outline of Thesis .................................................................................................................... 22 2 CHAPTER TWO .........................................................................................................................26 i POSTCOLONIAL THEORY: THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL PERSPECTIVES...................................... 26 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 26 2.2 Museum Definition .................................................................................................................. 27 2.3 Role of Museums ...................................................................................................................... 29 2.4 Museum Perspectives ............................................................................................................ 30 2.4.1 Imperial view ...............................................................................................................................................................30 2.4.2 Postcolonial view ........................................................................................................................................................32 2.4.3 Neo-liberal view ..........................................................................................................................................................33 2.5 Theorising Museums .............................................................................................................. 34 2.6 Postcolonial Theory ................................................................................................................ 35 2.7 Museum and Collections ....................................................................................................... 39 2.8 Museums and Repatriation ................................................................................................. 39 2.9 Past and Recent Repatriations ........................................................................................... 42 2.10 International Initiatives on Indigenous People ........................................................ 43 2.11 Pacific and Fiji Situation ..................................................................................................... 44 2.12 Concluding Remarks ............................................................................................................ 45 3 CHAPTER THREE .....................................................................................................................46 HISTORY OF MUSEUMS, APPROPRIATION AND REPATRIATION ............................................................ 46 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 46 3.2 History of Museums ................................................................................................................ 47 3.3 Museums and Memories ....................................................................................................... 48 3.4 Museums of Ancient Times ................................................................................................. 48 3.4.1 Museums in Medieval Times ..................................................................................................................................50 3.4.2 Museums in the Fifteenth Century ......................................................................................................................51
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