DOCSLIB.ORG

Modernized Republicanism: American

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Modernized Republicanism: American MODERNIZED REPUBLICANISM: AMERICAN SOCIALISTS DURING THE PROGRESSIVE ERA By THOMASFREDERICKJORSCH Bachelor of Science Carroll College Waukesh~ Wisconsin 1993 Master of Arts University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee, Wisconsin 1996 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May,2004 MODERNIZED REPUBLICANISM: AMERICAN SOCIALISTS DURING THE PROGRESSIVE ERA Thesis approved: Thesis Adviser L= AA·L._-p- ,, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express gratitude to my dissertation advisor, Dr. Ronald Petrin. Thank you for your guidance, wisdom, and friendship during this fulfilling, if at times difficult, process. The rest of my dissertation committee, Dr. Laura Belmonte, Dr. Joseph Byrnes, and Dr. Michael Taylor., inspired me to explore ideas and concepts that allowed me to look at old concepts in new ways. I appreciate your teaching and insight as welL Members of the Oklahoma State University faculty and my fellow graduate students contributed to the completion of my dissertation through thoughtful criticism and friendly encouragement. Among the faculty I would like to thank Dr. Ted Agnew, Dr. Matt Bokovoy, Dr. James Huston, Dr. L.G. Moses, Dr. Richard Rohrs, Dr. John Shook, Dr. Michael Willard, and Dr. Elizabeth Williams. All the graduate students provided encouragement in some way, but I want to especially thank Aaron Christensen, Stefanie Decker, Tom Franzmann, Dr. Steve Kite, Dr. Jim Klein, and Dr. Todd Leahy. I also wish to thank my parents and brother for their continued support through my educational journey. I especially want to thank Lisa Guinn for her love, encouragement, and sympathy. You helped me immensely in finishing my dissertation. Finally, I wish to thank the Oklahoma State University History Department and Graduate College for. financial assistance in the form of scholarships, assistantships, and fellowships. lll TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................... 1 II. UNDERSTANDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL PROBLEM: THE SOCIALIST CRITIQUE OF AMERICAN HISTORY........................................................................ 28 III. IDENTIFYING THE SOCIAL PROBLEM: REPUBLICAN CRITIQUE OF PROGRESSIVE ERA LIFE................................. 74 IV. REPUBLICAN REMEDIES FOR LIBERAL PROBLEMS: THE SOCIALIST VISION OF THE COOPERATIVE COMMONWEALTH............................................................ 121 V. WHERE CLASS FAILS: FARMERS, BLACKS, IMMIGRANTS, WOMEN, AND THE SOCIALIST MESSAGE............................. 158 VI. THE EMERGENCE OF STATISM: PROGRESSIVE REFORM AND THE SOCIALIST CRITIQUE.......................................... 199 VII. CONCLUSION................................................................... 233 BIBLIOGRAPHY......................................................................... 238 IV Chapter 1 Introduction In April 1902, Eugene Debs described how he became a socialist in an article published in The Comrade. Debs detailed how he climbed the ranks of the local locomotive fireman's brotherhood in his hometown of Terre Haute, Indiana, where he began working for railroads in his mid teens. Over the ensuing years Debs earned greater responsibility on the lines and within the national trade union. He later left the brotherhood to take on an influential role in the fledgling industrial union, the American Railway Union. In 1894, Debs led the ARU in a national boycott of trains carrying Pullman palace cars in sympathy with the strikers at the Pullman Company outside of Chicago. The Pullman strikers were not part of the ARU, but the industrial union helped in their effort nonetheless. Debs wrote that the infamous Pullman Strike was a success for the workers until forces he previously misunderstood became apparent. With the Pullman Company on the verge of capitulating to the workers' demands the United States government supported Pullman through court injunctions calling for an end to the picketing and the National Guard being mustered to protect Pullman's interests. The government arrested Debs and other ARU leaders. The court sentenced the ARU leaders to six months in the Woodstock jail. While in jail Debs contemplated lessons from the Pullman Strike. He realized that capital always won in battles with labor. Capital was better organized as demonstrated by their ability to successfully stifle the insurgency in 1 111 inois. They also had the powers of government on their side as shown by the effective use of the injunction. Fighting for higher wages, shorter hours, and better conditions were not enough against the forces of capital, nor would these battles ever let the workingman become completely independent. Debs ended his article with these words: "[The American Railway Union] lives and pulsates in the socialist movement, and its defeat but blazed the way to economic freedom and hastened the dawn of human brotherhood." 1 Debs' choice of words was significant in at least two ways. First, it revealed his historical materialism or Marxism. By associating the socialist movement with the ARU, Debs clearly envisaged socialism as a working class movement. Furthermore, the ARU' s defeat was a necessary step in the evolution of history, rather than a random occurrence that existed, failed, and ultimately left little imprint on history. Second, Debs' words emphasized a connection to America's republican past. For Debs, socialism embodied the ideals of freedom and brotherhood, something an earlier generation of Americans may have called liberty and fraternity. In relating his story of how he became a socialist, Debs asked for no less than an end to corrupt governmental practices orchestrated by a privileged group of economic elites whose practices forced American workers into a state of dependency. His move to socialism demonstrated his awareness that reforming the present economic system offered little but temporary relief for American workers and nothing short of a revolution would fix the debauched system. Did not American revolutionaries offer the same critique of their society and demand the same? 1 Eugene V. Debs, "How I became a Socialist," in Eugene V. Debs Speaks, ed. Jean Y. Tussey (New York: Pathfinder Press, 1970), 39-45. 2 That Debs evoked the spirit of republicanism was not a new argument. In his 1982 biography of Debs, Nick Salvatore emphasized the republican part of Debs' intellect. Salvatore wrote of Debs' outlook: ''If technological progress was achieved at the price of American democratic tradition, then that 'victory' signalled [sic] the destruction of American republicanism," a result that smacked against Debs' "commitment to democratic thought." The Debs who emerged in Salvatore's book was a man who believed passionately in democracy, egalitarianism, and political and economic equality. Debs owed this outlook ''more to a dissenting American tradition than to Socialist or Marxist thinkers." This differentiated Debs from "many radicals" of his own day who posited "a concept of class or a vision of Socialism based on determinism.'' In short, Debs' brand of republicanism made him different than most socialists. His way of thinking did not always mesh easily with the Marxist foundations of his comrades - whichever interpretation they espoused - within the movement, although many Americans responded favorably to Debs' orations. 2 Salvatore wrote a convincing argument about Debs' republicanism-dominated ideology; however, he assumed a Marxist minimum for American socialism in general and Debs was by no means the sole expounder of democratic rhetoric within the socialist movement. The Debs that Salvatore depicted had a unique quality among socialists because of his republicanism. Salvatore uncovered the essence of Debs' thought, but he erred in construing the rest of the socialists as having a Marxist foundation. Historians of American socialism always assumed a Marxist minimum; that is, socialists were first and foremost Marxists who had their Marxist core altered in some respect. Generally, the 2 Nick Salvatore, Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982), xii, 344. 3 argument had been that socialists had their Marxism ''Americanized," thus making them less revolutionary than doctrine called for. For example, by focusing on the electoral function of the Socialist Party American socialists became too much like their American political counterparts who worried about winning elections instead of working more directly for the inevitable revolution. Thus for historians socialists were Marxists who got their Marxism wrong, leading to the failure of the socialist movement to create a communist society as history mandated. Consequently, a whole slew of studies emerged to find out what went wrong. This approach only made sense if you were a Marxist scholar or American socialists of the early twentieth century were in fact Marxists at their core. The former was generally a truism, but the latter may be disputed. Debs was a republican at his intellectual roots, as Salvatore noted. But this did not make him unique in the socialist movement, for in fact socialists generally shared this republican viewpoint. Republicanism united socialists whatever their backgrounds or opinions on tactics. Marxism affected their republicanism, rather than the other way around. From this point of view it becomes more tenable to analyze the long-lasting influence of socialism in the United States
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Newsletter Winter 2005
    Max Kade Institute Friends Newsletter VOLUME 14 NUMBER 4 • WINTER 2005 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN–MADISON, 901 UNIVERSITY BAY DR., MADISON, WI 53705 “How German Is American?” WHAT'S INSIDE: MKI presents new outreach Directors' Corner. poster and brochure Page 2 By Mark Louden MKI Co-Director Friends Profile: West Bend Art Museum Director Tom Many of our Friends will recall the posters on the German heritage in Lidtke. the United States designed some years ago by MKI founding director Page 3 Prof. Jürgen Eichhoff. Building on the popular appeal of such visual explorations of German-American culture, this year we undertook a new How Gertrude Bloede educational and outreach project titled “How German Is American?” This became an American poet. project has three components: a 36” by 48” poster, a 48-page compan- Page 5 ion brochure, and a Web page linked to the MKI Web site. The funding for this project was provided by the Pages from Consulate General of the Federal Re- the Past: public of Germany in Chicago. The A German- design and production for the poster American and brochure were handled by Nancy meets with Henry Long- Zucker of Madison, who has designed fellow. the covers for our MKI and CSUMC Page 6 monographs for the last several years. Collection Featured on the poster are twenty Feature: images that evoke various ways BookLet's Review: go to The Lost Ger- manthe Slave World's Girl . German-speaking immigrants to Fair! Page 8 the U.S. and their descendants have Page 10 contributed to and been influenced by other American cultures.
    [Show full text]
  • The Death of the Socialist Party. by J
    Engdahl: The Death of the Socialist Party [Oct. 1924] 1 The Death of the Socialist Party. by J. Louis Engdahl Published in The Liberator, v. 7, no. 10, whole no. 78 (October 1924), pp. 11-14. This year, 1924, will be notable in American It was at that time that I had a talk with Berger, political history. It will record the rise and the fall of enjoying his first term as the lone Socialist Congress- political parties. There is no doubt that there will be a man. He pushed the Roosevelt wave gently aside, as if realignment of forces under the banners of the two it were unworthy of attention. old parties, Republican and Democratic. The Demo- “In order to live, a political party must have an cratic Party is being ground into dust in this year’s economic basis,” he said. “The Roosevelt Progressive presidential struggle. Wall Street, more than ever, sup- Party has no economic basis. It cannot live.” That ports the Republican Party as its own. Middle class settled Roosevelt in Berger’s usual brusque style. elements, with their bourgeois following in the labor It is the same Berger who this year follows movement, again fondly aspire to a third party, a so- unhesitatingly the LaFollette candidacy, the “Roose- called liberal or progressive party, under the leader- velt wave” of 1924. To be sure, the officialdom of or- ship of Senator LaFollette. This is all in the capitalist ganized labor is a little more solid in support of LaFol- camp. lette in 1924 than it was in crawling aboard the Bull For the first time, this year, the Communists are Moose bandwagon in 1912.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Infonnation Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 KLÀNNISHNESS AND THE KU KLUX KLAN: THE RHETORIC AND ETHICS OF GENRE THEORY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Brian Robert McGee, B.S., M.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Shifts...Etc. [Macrohistory]
    Feminist Critiques and Visions of the Future by Ivana Milojevic and Sohail Inayatullah “Feminist visions and Critiques of the future,” Futures Research Quarterly (Vol. 14, No. 1, Spring, 1998), 35-46 (with Ivana Milojevic). Rewritten and translated into Finnish in Futura (March, 2010), 19-31. Current trends One does not need to be an expert to realize that wherever we look, either into our past or into our present, either within our local community or around the world, one fact remains almost universal: society always treats its women worse than it treats its men. If current trends continue, women will continue to suffer from violence, poverty, malnutrition, legal and economical disadvantages well into the 21st century. Women will continue to face more difficulties than men in many areas of life, mostly because our societies are still controlled by men and male values. The crucial spheres for "controlling" the future, politics, as well as most institutional and personal decision making processes, will remain out of women's reach. According to the United Nations' future projections, women's position will improve a bit, but even in the year 2200, women will be far from reaching gender equality.1 According to these projections, the percentage of world income received by women will increase from current 10% to 20% in the year 2025, and then further to 40% in the year 2200. The 1 percentage of world property owned by women will increase from the "huge" 1% as it is today, to 3% in year 2025, and 20% in year 2200. In the year 2025, women will still outnumber men as poor (60%), illiterate (55%), refugees (70%), and sick (57%).2 Women can hope to still outlive men, as female life expectancy continue to be higher than male's, although this is not because of our social and "human" efforts to help the disadvantaged, but inspite of them.
    [Show full text]
  • Gaia, the Planetary Religion : the Sacred Marriage of Art and Science
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-1994 Gaia, the planetary religion : the sacred marriage of art and science. Doctress Neutopia University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Neutopia, Doctress, "Gaia, the planetary religion : the sacred marriage of art and science." (1994). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 5144. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/5144 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GAIA, THE PLANETARY RELIGION: THE SACRED MARRIAGE OF ART AND SCIENCE A Dissertation Presented by DOCTRESS NEUTOPIA Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION February 1994 School of Education GAIA, THE PLANETARY RELIGION: THE SACRED MARRIAGE OF ART AND SCIENCE A Dissertation Presented by DOCTRESS NEUTOPIA Approved as to style and content by: o W. J.Jackson, Dejan 1 of Education Copyright by Doctress Neutopia 1994 All Rights Reserved DEDICATION GAIA The World Soul: Past, Present, and Future ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My profound thanks to dame Phyllis Rodin for engaging me in long deep conversations about the life-force. I would also like to thank my committee members: Dr. Robert Baker for encouraging me to do a traditional work of scholarship; Dr. Jack Wideman for supporting my efforts after searching for one long year for an outside member; and especially Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Transforming Global Governance: Contesting Images of the Future from People on the Edge of the Periphery
    1 Transforming Global Governance: Contesting Images of the Future from People on the Edge of the Periphery. Anita Kelleher, MLM, MFS Supervisors: Principal: Professor Joanne Scott Associate: Adjunct Professor Sohail Inayatullah Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Arts and Business University of the Sunshine Coast 2012 2 Keywords. Bioregionalism, critical futures studies, decision-making, feminism, future, global governance, globalisation, globalism, Global Digital Democracies, image, international relations, metaphor, multilateralism, myth, partnerships, planetary civilisation, United Nations, United Nations reform, Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation, transformation, vision, world order, worldviews. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Transforming Global Governance: Contesting Images of the Future from People on the Edge of the Periphery 3 Abstract. This thesis aims to bring unconventional perspectives to the global governance debates by developing multiple images of futures from contesting worldviews. Informed by futures research and the perspectives and stories of nations and peoples currently unrepresented in global decision-making forums such as the United Nations General Assembly, the thesis maps global governance philosophies, systems and structures, agencies, and their underlying worldviews and myths to produce possible futures for each of six actor groups contesting the current global governance system. The criteria used to construct these possible futures are then used to construct a model and story for the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation (U.N.P.O.) using their materials, collected at their 2010 General Assembly, as content. The model and story represent the preferred global governance future for U.N.P.O. evoking an image of ‘One World’. The thesis in its entirety provides U.N.P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Betting the Farm: the First Foreclosure Crisis
    AUTUMN 2014 CT73SA CT73 c^= Lust Ekv/lll Lost Photographs _^^_^^ Betting the Farm: The First Foreclosure Crisis BOOK EXCERPr Experience it for yourself: gettoknowwisconsin.org ^M^^ Wisconsin Historic Sites and Museums Old World Wisconsin—Eagle Black Point Estate—Lake Geneva Circus World—Baraboo Pendarvis—Mineral Point Wade House—Greenbush !Stonefield— Cassville Wm Villa Louis—Prairie du Chien H. H. Bennett Studio—Wisconsin Dells WISCONSIN Madeline Island Museum—La Pointe First Capitol—Belmont HISTORICAL Wisconsin Historical Museum—Madison Reed School—Neillsville SOCIETY Remember —Society members receive discounted admission. WISCONSIN MAGAZINE OF HISTORY WISCONSIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY Director, Wisconsin Historical Society Press Kathryn L. Borkowski Editor Jane M. de Broux Managing Editor Diane T. Drexler Research and Editorial Assistants Colleen Harryman, John Nondorf, Andrew White, John Zimm Design Barry Roal Carlsen, University Marketing THE WISCONSIN MAGAZINE OF HISTORY (ISSN 0043-6534), published quarterly, is a benefit of membership in the Wisconsin Historical Society. Full membership levels start at $45 for individuals and $65 for 2 Free Love in Victorian Wisconsin institutions. To join or for more information, visit our website at The Radical Life of Juliet Severance wisconsinhistory.org/membership or contact the Membership Office at 888-748-7479 or e-mail [email protected]. by Erikajanik The Wisconsin Magazine of History has been published quarterly since 1917 by the Wisconsin Historical Society. Copyright© 2014 by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. 16 "Give 'em Hell, Dan!" ISSN 0043-6534 (print) How Daniel Webster Hoan Changed ISSN 1943-7366 (online) Wisconsin Politics For permission to reuse text from the Wisconsin Magazine of by Michael E.
    [Show full text]
  • RIVERFRONT CIRCULATING MATERIALS (Can Be Checked Out)
    SLAVERY BIBLIOGRAPHY TOPICS ABOLITION AMERICAN REVOLUTION & SLAVERY AUDIO-VISUAL BIOGRAPHIES CANADIAN SLAVERY CIVIL WAR & LINCOLN FREE AFRICAN AMERICANS GENERAL HISTORY HOME LIFE LATIN AMERICAN & CARIBBEAN SLAVERY LAW & SLAVERY LITERATURE/POETRY NORTHERN SLAVERY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SLAVERY/POST-SLAVERY RELIGION RESISTANCE SLAVE NARRATIVES SLAVE SHIPS SLAVE TRADE SOUTHERN SLAVERY UNDERGROUND RAILROAD WOMEN ABOLITION Abolition and Antislavery: A historical encyclopedia of the American mosaic Hinks, Peter. Greenwood Pub Group, c2015. 447 p. R 326.8 A (YRI) Abolition! : the struggle to abolish slavery in the British Colonies Reddie, Richard S. Oxford : Lion, c2007. 254 p. 326.09 R (YRI) The abolitionist movement : ending slavery McNeese, Tim. New York : Chelsea House, c2008. 142 p. 973.71 M (YRI) 1 The abolitionist legacy: from Reconstruction to the NAACP McPherson, James M. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, c1975. 438 p. 322.44 M (YRI) All on fire : William Lloyd Garrison and the abolition of slavery Mayer, Henry, 1941- New York : St. Martin's Press, c1998. 707 p. B GARRISON (YWI) Amazing Grace: William Wilberforce and the heroic campaign to end slavery Metaxas, Eric New York, NY : Harper, c2007. 281p. B WILBERFORCE (YRI, YWI) American to the backbone : the life of James W.C. Pennington, the fugitive slave who became one of the first black abolitionists Webber, Christopher. New York : Pegasus Books, c2011. 493 p. B PENNINGTON (YRI) The Amistad slave revolt and American abolition. Zeinert, Karen. North Haven, CT : Linnet Books, c1997. 101p. 326.09 Z (YRI, YWI) Angelina Grimke : voice of abolition. Todras, Ellen H., 1947- North Haven, Conn. : Linnet Books, c1999. 178p. YA B GRIMKE (YWI) The antislavery movement Rogers, James T.
    [Show full text]
  • S688p6 1920.Pdf
    -- A Political Guide for the Workers Socialist Party Campaign Book 1920 Prebared by the Department of Labor Research, Rand School of Social Science A. L. Trachtenberg, Director Published by The Socialist Party of the United States 220 South Ashland Boulevard CHICAGO, ILL. 1920 CoPYnIoAT 1940 BY Tm SOCIALIST PARTY OF TAE UNITED STATES CHICAGO, ILL. Printed in the U. S. A. 7 FOREWORD %F This little book is the joint work of a number of con- tributors, which has been compiled under the general editorship of Alexander Trachtenberg, Director of the Department of Labor Resewch of the Rand School of Social Science, and James Oneal, member of the National Executive Committee of the Socialist party. Benjamin Glassberg of the Rand School also rendered valuable assistance in the editorial work. Among the contributors to the volume are Morris Hill- quit, David P. Berenberg, Evans Clark, Roger Baldwin, Solon DeLeon , Lewis Gannett, Benjamin Glassberg, Bertha Hale White, William Morris Feigenbaum, Alex- ander Trachtenberg, James Oneal and Irwin St. John Tucker. The book il the result of a request made by the Na- tional Executive Committee that the Research Depart- ment of the Rand School of Social Science co-operate in the preparation of material for it. The editorial committee believes that the book marks an advance over the bulky campaign books that have been prepared in the past, in that the material is much less in quantity, it is presented in a more popular style, statistics have been reduced to a minimum, while the information will prove of service to party speakers and editors and at the same time serve as a propaganda book among the workers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Crime and Society Issue
    FALL 2020 THE CRIME AND SOCIETY ISSUE Can Academics Such as Paul Butler and Patrick Sharkey Point Us to Better Communities? Michael O’Hear’s Symposium on Violent Crime and Recidivism Bringing Baseless Charges— Darryl Brown’s Counterintuitive Proposal for Progress ALSO INSIDE David Papke on Law and Literature A Blog Recipe Remembering Professor Kossow Princeton’s Professor Georgetown’s Professor 1 MARQUETTE LAWYER FALL 2020 Patrick Sharkey Paul Butler FROM THE DEAN Bringing the National Academy to Milwaukee—and Sending It Back Out On occasion, we have characterized the work of Renowned experts such as Professors Butler and Sharkey Marquette University Law School as bringing the world and the others whom we bring “here” do not claim to have to Milwaukee. We have not meant this as an altogether charted an altogether-clear (let alone easy) path to a better unique claim. For more than a century, local newspapers future for our communities, but we believe that their ideas have brought the daily world here, as have, for decades, and suggestions can advance the discussion in Milwaukee broadcast services and, most recently, the internet. And and elsewhere about finding that better future. many Milwaukee-based businesses, nonprofits, and So we continue to work at bringing the world here, organizations are world-class and world-engaged. even as we pursue other missions. To reverse the phrasing Yet Marquette Law School does some things in this and thereby to state another truth, we bring Wisconsin regard especially well. For example, in 2019 (pre-COVID to the world in issues of this magazine and elsewhere, being the point), about half of our first-year students had not least in the persons of those Marquette lawyers been permanent residents of other states before coming who practice throughout the United States and in many to Milwaukee for law school.
    [Show full text]
  • Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zoeb Road Ann Arbor
    INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) dr section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again - beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Smoked out of Its Hole
    VOL. 7 , NO. 4 6 . NEW YOR K, WED NESD AY, AU G U ST 1 5 , 1 9 0 6 . ONE CENT . EDITORIAL SMOKED OUT OF ITS HOLE. By DANIEL DE LEON HE tri-State Labor demonstration arranged to take place in New Castle, Pa., on “Labor Day” under the auspices of the Industrial Workers of the TTT World, bids fair to be more than a flash in the pan. It bids fair to prove an unerring shot, a shot that hits the vitals of the combined powers that ride to-day upon the back of the Working Class. It bids, accordingly, fair to go far towards clarifying the vision of the wage slave masses of the land by enabling them to detect the nature of the combine that oppresses them. In the struggle, at present going on in the land, for organizing and drilling the Working Class, a certain cry has gone up intended and well calculated to confuse the masses. The cry is that the I.W.W. is a Union-wrecking scheme concocted in the interests of the capitalist class. That cry has gone up from the camp of craft Unionism. The proof of the pudding ever lies in the eating. If the I.W.W. is a “Union-wrecking scheme in the interest of the capitalist class,” then the spectacle should be seen of fraternal BENJAMIN HANFORD relations between the I.W.W. and the capitalist press, and, (1861–1910) at the same time, the reverse of fraternal relations between One of the “Socialist” Party luminaries who supported that same capitalist press and craft or A.F.
    [Show full text]