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Natural History of the Insects of India, Containing Upwards of Two Hundred
jm '7 W i\ iJ^£&Sj^« L I B HA R.Y OF THE U N IVERSITY Of I LLI NO IS q595.7 D71ep CO 1842 <c: Biology » . 0^ ftou4u£H~ V : NATURAL HISTORY OF THE INSECTS OF INDIA CONTAINING UPWARDS OF TWO HUNDRED AND TWENTY FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS, BY E. DONOVAN, F.L.S. & W.S. A NEW EDITION, BROUGHT DOWN TO THE PRESENT STATE OF THE SCIENCE, WITH SYSTEMATIC CHARACTERS OP EACH SPECIES, SYNONYMS, INDEXES, AND OTHER ADDITIONAL MATTER, BY J. 0. WE STWOOD, SECRETARY OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OP LONDON, HON. MEM. OF THE LITERARY AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF QUEBEC, AND OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETIES OF MOSCOW, LILLE, MAURITIUS, ETC. LONDON HENRY G. BOHN, 4 & 5, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. MDCCCXLII. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/naturalhistoryofOOdon 7/ .. )* oi PREFACE At the period when the first edition of this work was presented to the public, the study of exotic insects, and indeed the science of Entomology itself, had made but little progress in this country. The collections of Francillon, Drury, MacLeay, Sir J. Banks, and Donovan, contained almost all that was then known of Indian Entomo- logy, with which our Continental neighbours were then, as still, comparatively ignorant. To these collections, examined b}f Fabricius himself, Donovan had free access, and his figures of the insects therein contained, which had served as types for the descriptions of the Entomologist of Kiel, are especially valuable. The progress of Entomology, as a science, has so much advanced, as to render a that its republication of this work advisable ; at the same time, however, requiring original Linnasan style should not be retained, but that it should be brought down to the present state of science. -
Proceedings Amurga Co
PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMURGA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ISLAND BIODIVERSITY 2011 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMURGA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ISLAND BIODIVERSITY 2011 Coordination: Juli Caujapé-Castells Funded and edited by: Fundación Canaria Amurga Maspalomas Colaboration: Faro Media Cover design & layout: Estudio Creativo Javier Ojeda © Fundación Canaria Amurga Maspalomas Gran Canaria, December 2013 ISBN: 978-84-616-7394-0 How to cite this volume: Caujapé-Castells J, Nieto Feliner G, Fernández Palacios JM (eds.) (2013) Proceedings of the Amurga international conferences on island biodiversity 2011. Fundación Canaria Amurga-Maspalomas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. All rights reserved. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the author / publisher. SCIENTIFIC EDITORS Juli Caujapé-Castells Jardín Botánico Canario “Viera y Clavijo” - Unidad Asociada CSIC Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Emergencias, Cabildo de Gran Canaria Gonzalo Nieto Feliner Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid-CSIC José María Fernández Palacios Universidad de La Laguna SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Juli Caujapé-Castells, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, David Bramwell, Águedo Marrero Rodríguez, Julia Pérez de Paz, Bernardo Navarro-Valdivielso, Ruth Jaén-Molina, Rosa Febles Hernández, Pablo Vargas. Isabel Sanmartín. ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Pedro -
Morella Faya Family: Myricaceae Common Name
Family: Myricaceae Taxon: Morella faya Synonym: Myrica faya Aiton (basionym) Common Name: fayatree firetree candleberry myrtle Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: H(HPWRA) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 17 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 y 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 -
Descriptions of Male and Female Genitalia of Kricognia Lyside (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Coliadinae)
九州大学学術情報リポジトリ Kyushu University Institutional Repository Descriptions of Male and Female Genitalia of Kricognia lyside (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Coliadinae) Yamauchi, Takeo Setouchi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima Uniersity Yata, Osamu Biosystematics Laboratory, Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University http://hdl.handle.net/2324/2697 出版情報:ESAKIA. 44, pp.217-224, 2004-03-31. 九州大学大学院農学研究院昆虫学教室 バージョン: 権利関係: ESAKIA, (44): 217-224. March 10, 2004 Descriptions of Male and Female Genitalia of Kricogonia lyside (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: CoIIadinae) Takeo Yamauchi Setouchi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528 Japan and OsamuYata Biosystematics Laboratory, Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 8 10-8560 Japan Abstract. The male and female genitalia of Kricogonia lyside (Godart, 18 19), the type species of the genus Kricogonia Reakirt, 1863, are described and figured in detail, which is for the first time for female. The unique character states of female genitalia newly found in the family Pieridae are discussed. Key words: Kricogonia lyside, Coliadinae, Pieridae, male genitalia, female genitalia, description. Introduction The genus Kricogonia Reakirt, 1863 belonging to the sub family Coliadinae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) is distributed from the southern United States to Venezuela, Cuba and the Antilles (Smith et al., 1994). According to Smith et al. (1994), two species are recognized from these areas: Kricogonia lyside (Godart, 1819), the type species of Kricogonia, and Kricogonia cabrerai Ramsden, 1920. Klots (1933) published an excellent generic revision of the family Pieridae in which he illustrated and described the male genitalia of K. lyside, but the relationship of Kricogonia to other pierid genera was not clearly shown. -
Breaking a Myth Concerning the Female of Gonepteryx Cleopatra
Breaking a myth concerning the female of Gonepteryx cleopatra fiorii from the Greek island of Ródhos and an answer about the integrity of the single known record of a male Plebejides pylaon species-group specimen from Mt. Taíyetos, Pelopónnisos, Greece (Lepidoptera: Pieridae; Lycaenidae) John G. Coutsis & Nikos Ghavalas Abstract. The hitherto considered monomorphic female of Gonepteryx cleopatra fiorii Turati & Fiori, 1930 from Ródhos Island, Greece is now shown to be at least dimorphic. The validity of the single known record of a male Plebejides pylaon (Fischer de Waldheim, 1832) species-group specimen from Mt. Taíyetos, Pelopónnisos, Greece is discussed and reaffirmed. Samenvatting. Tot nu toe werd aangenomen dat het wijfje van Gonepteryx cleopatra fiorii Turati & Fiori, 1930 uit Rhodos, Griekenland, monomorf was. Dat wordt nu weerlegd omdat er een exemplaar van een tweede vorm werd aangetroffen. De validiteit van de enige bekende waarneming van een mannetje uit de Plebejides pylaon (Fischer de Waldheim, 1832) soortengroep in het Taigetosgebergte, Peloponnesos, Griekenland wordt besproken en bevestigd. Résumé. Les auteurs ont pu démontrer que la femelle monomorphe de Gonepteryx cleopatra fiorii Turati & Fiori, 1930, connue de l’île grecque de Rhodes est en effet dimorphique. La validité de la seule mention d’un mâle du groupe de Plebejides pylaon (Fischer de Waldheim, 1832) du Mont Taygetos, Grèce, est discutée et confirmée. Key words: Gonepteryx – cleopatra – fiorii – italica – Plebejides – pylaon species-group – Greece – Ródhos Island – Mt. Atáviros – Pelopónnisos – Mt. Taíyetos – Mt. Zíria – Mt. Helmós – Mt. Erímanthos – Mt. Ménalo – Mt. Párnon – dimorphism – locality data validity. Coutsis J. G.: 4 Glykonos Street, GR–10675 Athens, Greece. -
Colourful Butterfly Wings: Scale Stacks, Iridescence and Sexual Dichromatism of Pieridae Doekele G
158 entomologische berichten 67(5) 2007 Colourful butterfly wings: scale stacks, iridescence and sexual dichromatism of Pieridae Doekele G. Stavenga Hein L. Leertouwer KEY WORDS Coliadinae, Pierinae, scattering, pterins Entomologische Berichten 67 (5): 158-164 The colour of butterflies is determined by the optical properties of their wing scales. The main scale structures, ridges and crossribs, scatter incident light. The scales of pierid butterflies have usually numerous pigmented beads, which absorb light at short wavelengths and enhance light scattering at long wavelengths. Males of many species of the pierid subfamily Coliadinae have ultraviolet-iridescent wings, because the scale ridges are structured into a multilayer reflector. The iridescence is combined with a yellow or orange-brown colouration, causing the common name of the subfamily, the yellows or sulfurs. In the subfamily Pierinae, iridescent wing tips are encountered in the males of most species of the Colotis-group and some species of the tribe Anthocharidini. The wing tips contain pigments absorbing short-wavelength light, resulting in yellow, orange or red colours. Iridescent wings are not found among the Pierini. The different wing colours can be understood from combinations of wavelength-dependent scattering, absorption and iridescence, which are characteristic for the species and sex. Introduction often complex and as yet poorly understood optical phenomena The colour of a butterfly wing depends on the interaction of encountered in lycaenids and papilionids. The Pieridae have light with the material of the wing and its spatial structure. But- two main subfamilies: Coliadinae and Pierinae. Within Pierinae, terfly wings consist of a wing substrate, upon which stacks of the tribes Pierini and Anthocharidini are distinguished, together light-scattering scales are arranged. -
Laurisilva of Madeira Portugal
LAURISILVA OF MADEIRA PORTUGAL The Laurisilva of Madeira is the largest surviving relict of a virtually extinct laurel forest type once widespread in Europe. It is still 90% primary forest and is a centre of plant diversity, containing a unique suite of rare and relict plants and animals, especially endemic bryophytes, ferns, vascular plants, animals such as the Madeiran long-toed pigeon and a very rich invertebrate fauna. COUNTRY Portugal NAME Laurisilva of Madeira NATURAL WORLD HERITAGE SITE 1999: Inscribed on the World Heritage List under Natural Criteria ix and x. STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE The UNESCO World Heritage Committee adopted the following Statement of Outstanding Universal Value at the time of inscription: Brief Synthesis The Laurisilva of Madeira, within the Parque Natural da Madeira (Madeira Natural Park) conserves the largest surviving area of primary laurel forest or "laurisilva", a vegetation type that is now confined to the Azores, Madeira and the Canary Islands. These forests display a wealth of ecological niches, intact ecosystem processes, and play a predominant role in maintaining the hydrological balance on the Island of Madeira. The property has great importance for biodiversity conservation with at least 76 vascular plant species endemic to Madeira occurring in the property, together with a high number of endemic invertebrates and two endemic birds including the emblematic Madeiran Laurel Pigeon. Criterion (ix): The Laurisilva of Madeira is an outstanding relict of a previously widespread laurel forest type, which covered much of Southern Europe 15-40 million years ago. The forest of the property completely covers a series of very steep, V-shaped valleys leading from the plateau and east-west ridge in the centre of the island to the north coast. -
Marginal Range Expansion in a Host-Limited Butterfly Species
Ecological Entomology (2000) 25, 165±170 Marginal range expansion in a host-limited butter¯y species Gonepteryx rhamni DAVID GUTIEÂ RREZ andCHRIS D. THOMAS Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation, School of Biology, University of Leeds, U.K. Abstract. 1. The British distribution of the butter¯y Gonepteryx rhamni (L.) follows closely the range of its natural host plants, Rhamnus catharticus L. and Frangula alnus Miller, suggesting that it is one of the few British butter¯ies that has a host-limited distribution. In North Wales, this species has its range margin, and it was recorded only occasionally in a 35-km2 area prior to the 1980s. Frangula alnus bushes were planted in the area in about 1986, allowing the hypothesis that G. rhamni would expand its range following increased host plant availability to be tested. 2. From 1996 to 1998, the distribution of the butter¯y and its host plants, R. catharticus (native), Rhamnus alaternus L. (introduced), and F. alnus (introduced to the area but native to Britain), was mapped in the study area. It was found that the butter¯y was more widespread than any of its host plants. Frangula alnus was the most widespread of the host plants, and received most eggs, suggesting that the carrying capacity of the habitat would have increased substantially following the planting of this species. Gonepteryx rhamni was able to complete its lifecycle on both introduced species in the study area. 3. A mark±release±recapture study showed that adult G. rhamni moved an average of 512 m, and 50% of movements were further than 400 m; these values are underestimates. -
Ecological Data of Isopods (Crustacea: Oniscidea) in Laurel Forests from the Western Canary Islands
VIERAEA Vol. 33 41-50 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, diciembre 2005 ISSN 0210-945X Ecological data of isopods (Crustacea: Oniscidea) in laurel forests from the Western Canary Islands ERIK ARNDT* & DIRK MATTERN** * Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Department LOEL, Strenzfelder Allee 28, D-06406 Bernburg, Germany. Correspondence address. **Ahornweg 15, D-99867 Gotha, Germany. ARNDT, E. & D. MATTERN (2005). Datos ecológicos de isópodos (Crustacea: Oniscidea) en bosques de laurisilva de las islas canarias occidentales. VIERAEA 33: 41-50. RESUMEN: Se examinó la fauna de isópodos en diferentes bosques de laurisilva de La Gomera, El Hierro y La Palma (Canarias Occidentales), con datos obtenidos de trampas pitfall y muestras de suelo, citándose un total de 11 especies. Las comunidades de especies de bosques de La Gomera y El Hierro por una parte, y las de La Palma por otra, fueron muy diferentes a pesar de la similitud de la estructura forestal, la vegetación arbórea y las condiciones climáticas en las tres islas. La especie nativa Porcellio meridionalis es dominante en La Gomera y El Hierro, y alcanza su mayor abundancia en localidades frescas y húmedas por encima de 1200 m s.n.m. En todas las localidades forestales de La Palma fue siempre dominante Armadillidium vulgare, a menudo acompañada por pequeños Trichoniscidae endogeos. Cinco de las especies mencionadas han sido introducidas en las islas por el hombre en fechas históricas. Esas especies invasoras dominan cuantitativamente en muchos sitios del estudio, con una media en la proporción de especímenes invasivos:nativos de 3,1:1 en trampas pitfall, y de 1,1:1 en muestras de suelo. -
Insecta: Lepidoptera) in the Collection of Eugen Worell from Natural History Museum of Sibiu, Collected from "Dumbrava Sibiului" Forest
LEPIDOPTERA (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) IN THE COLLECTION OF EUGEN WORELL FROM NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF SIBIU, COLLECTED FROM "DUMBRAVA SIBIULUI" FOREST LEPIDOPTERE (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DIN COLECŢIA LUI EUGEN WORELL EXISTENTĂ LA MUZEUL DE ISTORIE NATURALĂ DIN SIBIU ŞI COLECTATE DIN PADUREA "DUMBRAVA SIBIULUI" STANCĂ-MOISE Cristina1 e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. In the present work was studied the Lepidoptera collection of Eugen Worell, and the paper presents a systematic list of species collected Macrolepidoptere since 1907-1958 in Forest "Dumbrava Sibiu". This paper can be considered a tribute and memory of Eugen Worell entomologists, who through his collection has contributed substantially to the knowledge of this group of insects. The data obtained and to join the collections of personal data between 2000-2011 we intend to achieve a more comprehensive study, which will be subject to further research on the evolution Macrolepidoptera over more than 104 years of research in the area of Forest "Dumbrava Sibiu". Key words: Eugen Worell collection, Macrolepidoptera, oak forest “Dumbrava Sibiului”, Natural History Museum of Sibiu. Rezumat. Lucrarea de faţă prezintă lista sistematică a speciilor de Macrolepidoptere colectate in intervalul 1907-1958 din Padurea "Dumbrava Sibiului", specii existente in Colectia de lepidoptere a lui Eugen Worell. De asemenea, lucrarea poate fi considerata un omagiu adus memoriei entomologului Eugen Worell, care prin colectia sa a contribuit substanţial la cunoaşterea acestui grup de insecte. Datele obţinute se alătura datelor personale colectate in intervalul 2000-2011. În viitor ne propunem realizarea unui studiu cat mai amplu care va avea ca obiectiv al cercetarilor evolutia Macrolepidopterelor începută în urmă cu 104 ani în Padurea "Dumbrava Sibiu". -
Coenonympha Oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Slovenia 7 Tatjana Celik & Rudi Verovnik
Editorial: Oedippus in Oedippus 5 26 (2010) Matthias Dolek, Christian Stettmer, Markus Bräu & Josef Settele Distribution, habitat preferences and population ecology of the False Ringlet Coenonympha oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Slovenia 7 Tatjana Celik & Rudi Verovnik False Ringlet Coenonympha oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Croatia: current status, population dynamics and conservation management 16 Martina Šašić False Ringlet Coenonympha oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Poland: state of knowledge and conservation prospects 20 Marcin Sielezniew, Krzysztof Pałka, Wiaczesław Michalczuk, Cezary Bystrowski, Marek Hołowiński & Marek Czerwiński Ecology of Coenonympha oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Italy 25 Simona Bonelli, Sara Canterino & Emilio Balletto Structure and size of a threatened population of the False Ringlet Coenonympha oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Hungary 31 Noémi Örvössy, Ágnes Vozár, Ádám Kőrösi, Péter Batáry & László Peregovits Concerning the situation of the False Ringlet Coenonympha oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Switzerland 38 Goran Dušej, Emmanuel Wermeille, Gilles Carron & Heiner Ziegler Habitat requirements, larval development and food preferences of the German population of the False Ringlet Coenonympha oedippus (FABRICIUS, 1787) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) – Research on the ecological needs to develop management tools 41 Markus Bräu, Matthias Dolek & Christian Stettmer -
Revised Systematics and Higher Classification of Pierid Butterflies
Zoologica Scripta Revised systematics and higher classification of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on molecular data NIKLAS WAHLBERG,JADRANKA ROTA,MICHAEL F. BRABY,NAOMI E. PIERCE & CHRISTOPHER W. WHEAT Submitted: 5 May 2014 Wahlberg, N., Rota, J., Braby, M.F., Pierce, N.E. & Wheat, C.W. (2014). Revised Accepted: 12 July 2014 systematics and higher classification of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on doi:10.1111/zsc.12075 molecular data. — Zoologica Scripta, 43, 641–650. The butterfly family Pieridae comprises approximately 1000 described species placed in 85 genera, but the higher classification has not yet been settled. We used molecular data from eight gene regions (one mitochondrial and seven nuclear protein-coding genes) com- prising a total of ~6700 bp from 96 taxa to infer a well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the family. Based on this hypothesis, we revise the higher classification for all pierid genera. We resurrect the tribe Teracolini stat. rev. in the subfamily Pierinae to include the genera Teracolus, Pinacopteryx, Gideona, Ixias, Eronia, Colotis and most likely Calopieris. We transfer Hebomoia to the tribe Anthocharidini and assign the previously unplaced gen- era Belenois and Dixeia to the subtribe Aporiina. Three lineages near the base of Pierinae (Leptosia, Elodina and Nepheronia + Pareronia) remain unplaced. For each of these, we describe and delineate new tribes: Elodinini Braby tribus nova, Leptosiaini Braby tribus nova and Nepheroniini Braby tribus nova. The proposed higher classification is based on well-supported monophyletic groups and is likely to remain stable even with the addition of more data. Corresponding author: Niklas Wahlberg, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland.