Woodworm - Identification and Treatment

Woodworm - Identification and Treatment Woodworm holes found in timber are caused by the larvae of beetles that feed on the timber. Larger holes on the surface of the timber are formed when the adult beetle emerges from the timber to mate. There are a number of species of woodworm, and the precise method of treatment will depend on which species is attacking the timber. Common Furniture Beetle By far the most common species of woodworm in the UK is the Common Furniture Beetle (Anobium punctatum). This species can be identified by the small, round holes that are left on the surface of the timber (approx. 1.5 - 2mm diameter) and the "gritty" bore-dust that it leaves behind (showing up as lemon- shaped pellets under magnification). Beetle (enlarged) Larva (enlarged) Woodworm Infestation Woodworm 'Bore Dust' In most cases treatment of Common Furniture Beetle is fairly straightforward. Any structurally-weakened timber should be removed and replaced with pre- treated timber. All surfaces of the affected timber should then be sprayed with an appropriate woodworm treatment. Other Types of Woodworm Other types of woodworm common to the UK include the Deathwatch Beetle (Xestobium rufuvillosum), the House Longhorn Beetle (Hylotrupes bajulus), and the Powderpost beetle (Lyctus brunneus). Whilst the Powderpost Beetle can be treated in much the same way as the Common Furniture Beetle, House Longhorn and Deathwatch beetle infestations require more extensive treatment The main problems encountered when treating woodworm are identifying the species involved, deciding whether the infestation is still active, and deciding which timbers have been structurally weakened and need replacing. All of these factors will influence the type of treatment carried out (if any). For this reason, we would recommend that a survey is carried out by an experienced timber treatment company whenever an active woodworm infestation is suspected. .

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Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma Serricorne
Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma serricorne Description QUICK SCAN Adults: These beetles are light brown, 2-3 mm (0.09 inches) long. The elytra (hardened wing covers) are smooth and not striated (rows of pits). The antennal segments are finely serrated (toothed) to the tips. SIZE / LENGTH Adult 0.9 inch (2-3 mm) Eggs: Not readily visible without magnification. Eggs are slightly oval in shape, whitish is color, satin to glossy sheen, and approx 0.2-0.5 mm Eggs 0.019 inch (0.2-0.5 mm) (0.019 inches) long. COLOR RANGE Larvae: Creamy white, C- shaped, very hairy, with a large distinct head, and three pair of thoracic legs. Adult Light brown Larvae Creamy white, very hairy Pupae: Pupal cases are whitish; pupal chambers are created within food material. Life Cycle LIFE CYCLE Females Lays up to 100 eggs The female beetle will lay up to 100 eggs during a 2-4 week life span. Larvae Tunnel for 4-5 weeks Larvae will tunnel through the food product for about 4-5 weeks. The Lifecycle 6-8 weeks average life cycle will take 6-8 weeks depending on humidity and temperature. These beetles are excellent flyers and are most active in the late afternoons. It can only survive in warm buildings in temperate FEEDING HABITS regions. Adults and larvae cause damage. Commonly found in tobacco and Damage and Detection other processed foods such as spices, flour, meal, and dog food. Packages and food products infested with these beetles usually have shot holes where adults have emerged from pupation.
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Wood-‐Destroying Organism Inspection
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PESTS of STORED PRODUCTS a 'Pest of Stored Products' Can Refer To
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Dispersal Ecology of Insects Inhabiting Wood-Decaying Fungi Mattias Jonsson Department of Entomology Uppsala Doctoral thesis Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala 2002 Contents Introduction, 3 Insect movement by flight, 3 Habitat, dispersal and conservation, 4 Dispersal ability of saproxylic insects, 5 Scope of this thesis, 8 Study system, 9 Biology of O. haemorrhoidalis and B. reticulatus, 9 Biology of Cis and Dorcatoma, 10 Results and discussion, 10 Genetic structure of O. haemorrhoidalis and B. reticulatus (Paper I), 10 Colonisation ability of O. haemorrhoidalis and B. reticulatus (Paper II), 11 Pheromones among beetles inhabiting wood-decaying fungi (Paper III), 14 The efficiency of different mate-finding strategies (Paper IV), 16 Implications for conservation, 17 References, 17 Introduction Dead wood has become an increasingly scattered resource in the managed landscape, with the result that many organisms depending on this substrate have become threatened (Gärdenfors 2000; Siitonen 2001). Distribution patterns of several insects associated with dead wood indicate that they are weak dispersers (Økland 1994; Nilsson & Baranowski 1997; Ranius 2000; Siitonen & Saaristo 2000), but few studies have directly assessed the dispersal ability of these species (but see Ranius & Hedin 2001). This thesis is based on investigations in which key features of the dispersal biology of wood-living insects were studied and related to spatial distribution patterns of these species observed in the field. Insect movement by flight Insect movements by flight can be divided into two types (vegetative and migratory) with distinct behavioural characteristics (Dingle 1996; Woiwod et al. 2001). Vegetative movements are essentially explorations for certain resources (e.g. food, shelter, mates, oviposition sites etc.), and are interrupted as soon as the targeted resources are encountered (Dingle 1996; Woiwod 2001).
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Arthropod Pests
IAEA-TECDOC-1082 XA9950282--W6 Irradiationa as quarantine treatmentof arthropod pests Proceedings finala of Research Co-ordination Meeting organizedthe by Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture and held Honolulu,in Hawaii, November3-7 1997 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY /A> 30- 22 199y Ma 9 J> The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Food and Environmental Protection Section International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse 5 0 10 x Bo P.O. A-1400 Vienna, Austria The IAEA does not normally maintain stocks of reports in this series However, copies of these reports on microfiche or in electronic form can be obtained from IMS Clearinghouse International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse5 P.O.Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria E-mail: CHOUSE® IAEA.ORG URL: http //www laea org/programmes/mis/inis.htm Orders shoul accompaniee db prepaymeny db f Austriao t n Schillings 100,- in the form of a cheque or in the form of IAEA microfiche service coupons which may be ordered separately from the INIS Clearinghouse IRRADIATIO QUARANTINA S NA E TREATMENF TO ARTHROPOD PESTS IAEA, VIENNA, 1999 IAEA-TECDOC-1082 ISSN 1011-4289 ©IAEA, 1999 Printe IAEe th AustriAn y i d b a May 1999 FOREWORD Fresh horticultural produce from tropical and sub-tropical areas often harbours insects and mites and are quarantined by importing countries. Such commodities cannot gain access to countries which have strict quarantine regulations suc Australias ha , Japan Zealanw Ne , d e Uniteth d dan State f Americo s a unless treaten approvea y b d d method/proceduro t e eliminate such pests.
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Forestry Commission Bulletin: Beetles Injurious to Timber
FORESTRY COMMISSION BULLETIN No. 9 BEETLES INJURIOUS TO TIMBER BY J. W. MUNRO, Hon. M.A. (Oxon), D.Sc. (Edin.). LONDON: POBLISIIED BY HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFPIOE To to purchased directly from H.M. STATIONERY" OFFICE at the following addresses r Adastral Uuuse, Kingswuy, Loudon,2 ; W.C.120, Goorgo Street, Ediuburgh; York Street, Manchester; 1, St. Andrew’s Creutout, Cardiff; 15, Donegall Squire West, Belfaat; or through auy Bookseller. 1928. Price Is. 3d. Net. 70—31—9 Forestry Commission ARCHIVE FORESTRY COMMISSION BULLETIN No. 9 BEETLES INJURIOUS TO TIMBER BY J. W. MUNRO, Hon. M.A. (Oxon), D.Sc. (Edin.). LONDON: PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE To be purchased directly from H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addL’oases : Ad&stral House, Kiugsway, London, W.C. 2 ; 120, George Street, Edinburgh ; York Street, Manchester; 1, St. Andrew's Creecout, Cardiff: 15, Donegall Square West, Belfast; or through any Bookseller. 19:8 Price Is. 3 d. Net. This Bulletin has been prepared by Dr. J. W. Munro of the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, lately Entomologist to the Commission, and is one of a series of publications dealing with the destruction and decay of timber. The other Bulletins are to be issued by the Forest Products Research Laboratory (under the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research) and it is understood that one on Dry Rot will be published at an early date. R. L. ROBINSON, Commissioner. Forestry Commission 22, Grosvenor Gardens, London, S.VV.l. January, 1928. (b 3 4 /4 1 7 9 ) q 4 BULLETIN No.
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Woodworm and Beetle Infestation Solutions from Timberwise
Woodworm Solutions The Problem The Solution Wood-boring insect attack can cause Timberwise have over three decades structural damage in buildings and is of experience in the treatment of these unsightly. There are a number of insect pests. Our fully trained and wood-boring insects that attack timber experienced surveyors will correctly in properties in the U.K. determine whether treatment is necessary in the first place. The Woodworm is a description commonly wrong identification of the insect can and loosely applied to all wood-boring often lead to costly and unnecessary beetles. solutions. The life cycle of the wood-boring beetle is normally always near Our Surveyors will identify:- completion before most property • The type of insect and extent owners are even aware they have a of the infestation problem. After mating the female beetle will lay her eggs into cracks and • Whether the infestation is on the rough surfaces of the structural active or inactive timbers, which will then hatch and begin tunnelling into the timber. • How much structural damage, if any, has occurred. The number of eggs and larval stage of the beetle will vary according to the Following Inspection species. Larvae will pupate and after several weeks the adult beetles will We shall draw up the correct develop and commence boring their specification for the elimination of the way out of the timber to mate. infestation, and state any special Having mated the female beetle will requirements for difficult pests eg. again lay her eggs on the timber and Death Watch Beetle or House the life cycle starts again.
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Chapter 8: Pest Management, Prevention and Control
http://www.natsca.org Care and Conservation of Natural History Collections Title: Pest management, prevention and control Author(s): Pinniger, D. B. & Harmon, J. D. Source: Pinniger, D. B. & Harmon, J. D. (1999). Pest management, prevention and control. In: Carter, D. & Walker, A. (eds). (1999). Chapter 8: Care and Conservation of Natural History Collections. Oxford: Butterwoth Heinemann, pp. 152 - 176. URL: http://www.natsca.org/care-and-conservation The pages that follow are reproduced with permission from publishers, editors and all contributors from Carter, D. & Walker, A. K. (1999). Care and Conservation of Natural History Collections. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann. While this text was accurate at the time of publishing (1999), current advice may differ. NatSCA are looking to provide more current guidance and offer these pages as reference materials to be considered alongside other sources. The following pages are the result of optical character recognition and may contain misinterpreted characters. If you do find errors, please email [email protected] citing the title of the document and page number; we will do our best to correct them. NatSCA supports open access publication as part of its mission is to promote and support natural science collections. NatSCA uses the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCAL) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ for all works we publish. Under CCAL authors retain ownership of the copyright for their article, but authors allow anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy articles in NatSCA publications, so long as the original authors and source are cited. 8 Pest management, prevention and control D.
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Crostwight Heath Parish: Honing/Witton Grid Reference: TG 395302 Area: 17.0 Ha District: North Norfolk Survey Date: 08/08/18
WILDLIFE IN COMMON PROJECT SURVEY Wildlife Site Survey Form (Ref. No. CWS 1226) Site Name: Crostwight Heath Parish: Honing/Witton Grid reference: TG 395302 Area: 17.0 ha District: North Norfolk Survey date: 08/08/18 Registered Common Number: CL 4 Habitat map: 1 WILDLIFE IN COMMON PROJECT SURVEY Habitat description (refer to the annotated map) Compartment A: South Woodland: Mixed Semi-natural Woodland This is an attractive woodland primarily consisting of oak (Quercus robur), downy birch (Betula pubescens) and planted Scott’s pine (Pinus sylvestris) on acid, sandy/gravelly soil on an undulating terrain. The overall impression is of a natural area, with a very varied and visually appealing terrain and vegetation structure. Much of the oak is low-branched and wide-spreading; there are some notably large birch. The woodland also includes sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), beech (Fagus sylvatica), and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia), while aspen (Populus tremula) is a feature, suckering widely along Heath Road. There are some interesting large veteran oaks on an old wood bank. The shrub layer comprises mainly small birch, occasional holly (Ilex aquifolium) (some large), hazel (Corylus avellana), hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), elder (Sambucus nigra), and bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg). Rarities include the unusual alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus). There are encouraging signs of natural regeneration, with plenty of young birch, holly, rowan, hazel, and sweet chestnut. There is plentiful fallen wood. Broad-buckler fern (Dryopteris dilatata) dominates as ground cover in places, with bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) the main ground flora in other areas. Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum) also acts as ground-cover as well as ascending as a climber, with the ground being bare (with deep leaf litter) in denser shade.
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Drugstore Beetle, Stegobium Paniceum (L.) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Anobiidae)1 Brian J
EENY-228 doi.org/10.32473/edis-in385-2001 Drugstore Beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Anobiidae)1 Brian J. Cabrera2 The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. Introduction There are over 1000 described species of anobiids. Many are wood borers, but two, the drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.) (known in the United Kingdom as the biscuit beetle) and the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (also known as the tobacco beetle), attack stored products. Stored product pests cause tremendous damage and economic losses to post-harvest and stored grains and seeds, packaged food products, and animal and plant- derived items and products. Besides causing direct damage by feeding, they elicit disgust, annoyance, and anger in Figure 1. Adult drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.). many of those who find them infesting these products. Credits: B.J. Cabrera, University of Florida Description and Identification Distribution Adults Drugstore beetles have a worldwide distribution, but are more abundant in warmer regions or in heated structures The beetles are cylindrical, 2.25 to 3.5 mm (1/10 to 1/7 in more temperate climates. They are less abundant in the inch) long, and are a uniform brown to reddish brown. tropics than the cigarette beetle. They have longitudinal rows of fine hairs on the elytra (wing covers). Drugstore beetles are similar in appearance to the cigarette beetle; however, two physical characters can be used to tell the difference between them.
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Wood Destroying Organisms
Wood Destroying Organisms Most wood destroying beetles live, eat and breed in the timber and they are totally self-sufficient in the timber that they infest until they are ready to mate. This normally occurs when the wood destroying insect makes a flight hole and then escapes from the timber to start the whole life cycle again. Due to this fact total fumigation of the infested area with a gas insecticide like Methyl bromide is the only effective measure as the gas will penetrate the timber killing the wood destroying insect in all its life stages. We do have some treatment options: • Removal of infested timbers and replacing them from joint to joint with new pre-treated timber. • Application of an appropriately labelled insecticide to the surface of infested wood to kill emerging beetles and prevent re-infestation. Remember that these remedies will not penetrate the timber sufficiently to kill any wood destroying insects deep in the timber. Drilling and treatment of infested wood to kill the larvae in their galleries. This treatment is not always effective as it does not always reach all stages of infestation and it has no effect on the eggs. Total fumigation of the infested structure with a toxic gas that will penetrate the timber and galleries killing all stages of the life cycle of wood destroying insects is the preferred method of treatment. The Italian Beetle - Old House Borer (Hylotrupes bajulus) Appearance This is a true long horn beetle and range in length from 15 – 25mm. This insect infests seasoned timber in buildings and only attacks softwood.
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5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities
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