Annual Report

2015-2016

lh,lvkbZvkj&dsUnzh; lM+d vuqla/kku laLFkku ubZ fnYyh ¼Hkkjr½ CSIR-Central Road Research Institute New Delhi (India) CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi Annual Report 2015-2016

Edited, Compiled & Produced by: Information, Liaison & Training Division

Edited, Compiled & Produced by: Sh. T.K. Amla, Chief Scientist & Head Ms. Kavita Jain, Senior Technical Officer Sh. M.K. Meena, Senior Scientist

Assisted by: Sh. Ashok Kumar, Technical Officer

Overall Supervision: Sh. T.K. Amla Head (Information, Liaison & Training Division)

Designed & Printed at: Pushpak Press Pvt. Ltd. 203-204, DSIDC Sheds, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-1, New Delhi-110020 Contents

From Director’s Desk v Objectives of CRRI vii Quality Policy viii Summary of Progress

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING Ground Improvement 5 Landslide Management 8

PAVEMENT ENGINEERING Pavement Design & Rehabilitation 27 Pavements Materials & Construction Technologies 36 Road Asset Management 42

BRIDGES AND STRUCTURES 51

INSTRUMENTATION 78

TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION PLANNING Traffic Engineering and Road Safety 81 Environmental Science 88 Transportation Planning 98

INFRASTRUCTURE & SUPPORT

HRD & PROJECT MANAGEMENT Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation 115 Technology Management and Business Development 119 Information, Liaison & Training 120

DOCUMENTATION AND LIBRARY SERVICES 129

R&D SUPPORT SERVICES Computer & Networking 130 Mechanical Engineering Support 132 Civil Engineering Support 135 Quality Management 137 Rajbhasha 138

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 iii Contents

Other Activites of the Institute

Events 142

Award 158

Lectures Delivered 159

Technical Training, Deputation etc. CRRI Scientists / Staff Deputed for Training 161 Deputation Abroad 163 Student Trainees 164

Visitors 172

Membership of Staff on Various Technical Committees 173

Membership of National and International Organisations 178

Marketable Products and Services 179

Publications Papers Published in Journals 181 Papers Published in Seminar / Conference /Symposia 187

Staff of CRRI 203

Management Council 211

Research Council 212

iv CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 From Director’s Desk

From Director’s Desk

It is indeed my pleasure to present the Annual Report of the Institute for the period 2015-16 which reflects Institute’s progress and achievements in all aspects including sponsored, collaborative, R&D works, consultancy services provided, in-house projects carried out for the development of technology and all other infrastructure and services provided during the year.

The R&D and consultancy services were focused in the area of Traffic Engineering and Road Safety, Transportation Planning, Transport Environment; Geotechnical aspects of Road Development, Slope Stability, Ground Improvement, Sub-surface Drainage; Use of Waste and Marginal Materials for Road Construction; Material Characterization, Design & Construction Techniques of Flexible and Rigid Pavements, Pavement Evaluation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation; Instrumentation for Highways and Bridges; Bridge Design and Instrumentation, Inspection & Evaluation, Rehabilitation and Software Development.

Under 12th Five Year Plan Network Project on “Development and Application of Technologies for Sustainable Transportation (SUSTRANS), research has been conceived under two main modules (i) Transportation Modules (8 work packages) and (ii) Road Modules (7 work packages). Under Transportation Modules, an Advanced Car Driving Simulator for assessing the driving related abilities of Drivers with Psychomotor problems or impairments has been developed. To achieve overall objective of integrating of Public Transportation System, the transport model is developed using Four Stage Modeling technique utilizing VISCOM software for the city of Delhi. Under another 12th five year plan project on “Evaluation of Economic Loss due to Idling of Vehicles at Signalised intersection and mitigation measures (ELSIM)” research has been conceived under 6 work packages and is under progress. Studies are being carried out at signalized intersections of seven cities – Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, Bhopal, Vadodara and Chandigarh to Evaluate the Economic Loss due to Idling of Vehicles at signalized intersections and mitigation measures. A petroleum based Rejuvenating Agent has been developed for Recycling of Asphalt Pavement. Studies on the Development of Indo-HCM for determining the roadway capacity and level of service for varying type of inter-urban roads and urban roads separately is in progress.

The Institute also continued with its year round activities of conducting refresher courses/ training programmes in the area of road and road transport sector. In addition, an International Training Course on Dissemination of Highway Development and Management (HDM-4) was organized. It was attended

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 v From Director’s Desk

by participants from India and other developing countries. Short term tailor made training programmes were organized for the Engineers of Government of Afghanistan; National Rural Road Development Agency; Uttar Pradesh Public Works Departments, Lucknow; Rural Engineering Department, UP and Road Construction Department, Bihar.

CSIR-CRRI contributed to human resource development in various areas by providing facilities to students for their project work and training. During the year, several students from reputed academic institutions carried out their project work for B.Tech/M.Tech/M.Sc. programmes. Some of the students worked for their Ph.D/post-graduate programme also. In addition, under AcSIR, CRRI has also admitted students under M.Tech and Ph.D Programmes.

In its endeavor for effective technology transfer and building a close linkage with user organization,the Institute handled large number of consultancy assignments and earned a sizeable cash resource. Licensing agreements were signed with BRRDA for use of Cold Mix Technology on Bihar Roads. Agreements were also signed with industries for commercial production of Patchfill Machine. Our scientists filed IPR Application for SETUCARE : the Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit and PATCHFILL : the Pothole repairing Machine. Three Patent applications were also filed during this period. These are (i) “A Process of using Thermocoal (Expanded Polystrene) Waste in Hot Bituminous Mixes for Road Construction”, (ii) “Utilization of PVC Pipe Waste in Modifying Bitumen for Paving Application” and (iii) “Development of Electro Mechanical Field Density Gauge”. The patents on “Upgraded Device for Road Condition Evaluation” and “Carbon Based Mixer for Improved Performance of Flexible Pavements as one of the Bitumen Additives or Fillers and Methods of Preparation thereof” were also filed.

A large number of distinguished scientists both from India and abroad visited the Institute, delivered Lectures, and held discussions with R&D Scientists of the Institute.

Many of our Scientists received recognition, served as expert members on important Committees and contributed in the preparation of Standards/ Codes of Practices/ Manuals/ Guidelines / Specification (IRC/BIS/MORTH).

I acknowledge the contributions made by everyone in the success achieved by the Institute during the year.

Prof. (Dr.) Satish Chandra Director

vi CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Objectives

Objectives

The scientific & technical objectives of CSIR-CRRI are: z To develop specifications and manuals for construction of low cost roads for different regions of country. z To carry out applied research for investigation, construction and maintenance of different type of roads and runway including studies on related materials such as aggregates, bitumen, cement, etc. With a view to effecting economy and achieving greater serviceability. z To develop appropriate tools, machinery, equipment and instruments for adapting technologies as related to highway engineering and relevant to the country for indigenous use. z To carry out research and development activities in all aspects of roads under varying climatic and traffic conditions. z To carry out research and development in all aspects of road traffic and transportation engineering, including study of accidents, development of road safety measure, psychology of road users and transportation economics in relation to different forms of transport. z To render technical advice and consultancy services to various organisation in roads and related fields to avoid import of foreign expertise. z To train engineers through refresher courses, workshops and training programmes for wider application of indigenously developed technologies . z To create and establish all the needed infrastructure, both equipment and expertise , in the various facets of highway and transportation engineering for investigation, planning, design, construction and maintenance as well as to achieve judicious solutions for special problems.

z To collaborate with other institution for R&D studies concerning roads, road transportation and related practices particularly on regional problems. z Publication of scientific and technical findings in journals, symposia, conferences, etc. Devoted to research and development in related areas of highway engineering . z Generation of intellectual property and its commercialization through technology transfer.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 vii Quality Policy

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Quality Policy The CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI) endeavors towards Continual Professional Excellence in the area of Roads and Road Transport including Bridges and Structures. The Institute is committed to accomplish Industrial as well as Sociatal Research and Development Programmes, Consultancy Services and HRD Programmes meeting diverse technical needs of the profession globally.

Prof. Satish Chandra Director CSIR-CRRI

viii CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Summary of PROGRESS

Geotechnical z Ground Improvement Engineering

z Landslide Management

Geotechnical Engineering Ground Improvement

Construction of Road over Municipal Solid plastic in nature. However, liquid limit of MSW was Waste Dump, Siddhartha Vihar, Ghaziabad observed to be 30 %. According to BIS classification, (U.P.) MSW is classified as SM i.e. silty sand with fines. The Maximum Dry Density (MDD) and Optimum The site of Municipal Solid Waste Dump (MSW) Moisture Content (OMC) were observed to be 1.48 is located at Siddharth Vihar, Ghaziabad, U.P. g/cm3 and 16 %. MSW landfill is a heterogeneous material and Figure 2 shows the arrangement of plate load test exhibits anisotropic properties that are difficult to on MSW land fill. The variation of load intensity vs. characterize. Typically, it consists of food and garden Settlement is shown in Fig. 3. wastes, paper products, plastics and rubber, textiles, wood, ashes, mixed with soil (Fig.-1). To provide proper road infrastructure at the site, construction of road was proposed which is about 1500 m long and 24 m wide. Out of the 1200 m length of proposed road, 300 m length passes over MSW dump. A suitable methodology for construction of road over the MSW dump has been proposed in the project. Different Field and laboratory investigations were carried out which include viz. Study of physical and engineering properties, Standard Penetration Test (SPT), Dynamic Cone Penetration Test (DCPT) and Plate Load Test (PLT). The physical and engineering characteristics of MSW indicate that it consists of different type of materials viz. Soil, plastic, fabric, rubber, wood etc. as shown in the Fig. 1. The MSW sample was observed to be saturated in the field and in- Fig. 2 : Test set up for Plate load test situ density was around 12.5 KN/m3. The organic content was in the range of 15 - 20 percent. It was observed that MSW is a coarse grained material having gravel (30 %), sand (50 %) and silt + clay (20 %). Municipal Waste dump was observed to be non-

Fig. 1 : Composition of Municipal Solid Waste Fig. 3 : Load intensity vs. settlement

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 5 Ground Improvement Geotechnical Engineering

Based on the field and laboratory investigations G.I strips – Foundry Sand. The interaction friction followings conclusions along with suitable remedial coefficient value decreases with increase in normal measures were given. stress. Similar results were reported by AASHTO (2010a), Reinforced Earth Company (1995). The z The average value of SPT or Equivalent SPT from DCPT was observed to be less than 10 kg/cm2. It higher interaction friction coefficient at low normal was concluded that it is in loose condition. stress is due to dilatants behavior of fill material. Fatigue characteristics of cement stabilized fly ash z From the plate load test, continuous settlement was observed for a particular load. This was studied. Fig. 6 shows the variation of diametrical indicates that MSW fill is in loose state and this strain with number of load repetition. It is observed is supported by results of SPT/DCPT. that, as the number of load cycle increases, the value of diametrical strain also increases. The z Settlement of MSW was calculated by different rate of increase is observed to be very significant methods and total expected settlement was after reduction of resilient modulus by about 50% estimated of about 1.04 m. of initial value. It can also be observed that rate z Different ground improvement measures/ of increase of diametrical strain increases with alternatives that were recommended include: increase in stress ratio. It is due to the fact that as (1) Excavation and Removal of MSW dump the stress ratio increases, diametrical deformation (2) Dynamic compaction with Interconnected also increases resulting in dissipation of energy. block pavement and (3) Dynamic compaction along with stone column. Technologies for Utilisation of Waste and Marginal Materials in Road Construction – 12th FYP project under SUSTRANS - Work Package - 9 Foundry sand was investigated for its suitability as a backfill material in Reinforced Earth wall construction. Understanding of interface frictional behaviour between reinforcement and structural fill material is essential for the design of MSE walls. Pullout tests were carried out to determine the interaction friction coefficient between Foundry Fig. 4 : Normalized pullout curves for GI strips - Foundry sand sand and ribbed G.I strip, where ribbed galvanized iron (G.I) strips functioned as reinforcement material and Foundry sand as a structural fill material. The pullout test results on ribbed metal strips embedded in Foundry sand (FS) are compared with those embedded in other conventional fill materials available in the literature. The pullout resistance (PR) versus displacement curves for different normal stresses for ribbed G.I. strips embedded in Foundry sand (FS) Fig. 4. It is observed that, the pullout resistance (PR) increases with increasing normal stress resulting from the increased confinement of the metal ribbed reinforcement in Foundry sand. Fig. 5 presents the results of pullout tests in terms Fig. 5 : Interface friction coefficient versus normal stress for of interface friction coefficient (F*) between ribbed GI strips in FS

6 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Ground Improvement

base layers, design of pavement was carried out. Pavement design was carried out considering the Design life of 15 years, Design traffic of 525 CVPD, Annual growth rate of commercial vehicles of 5 %, CBR value of sub grade of 6 % corresponding to 90th percentile CBR value, Resilient modulus of sub grade of 55 MPa. Wheel load is considered as legal axle load of 10.2 ton and single wheel load is taken 2.55 ton for stress-strain analysis. Modulus of geocrete stabilised layer with 8 % cement was taken as 5.2 MPa based on laboratory result. A crack relief layer above the cementitious base was proposed Fig. 6 : Variation of Diametrical Tensile Strain with Number of Load i.e. Wet Mix Macadam (WMM) of thickness 100 Cycle mm sandwiched between the bituminous layer and cement-Geocrete stabilised base layer to arrest Quality Assurance for Embankment, Subgrade the propagation of cracks. The values of modulus and Reinforced EarthWall Construction and Poisson ratio of WMM layer was taken as 450 Kubepur to Fatehabad, Agra MPa and 0.35 for design as per Annexure VIII, Table VIII-1, IRC-37. Resilient modulus and Poisson Construction of Inner Ring Road (Phase 1) from ratio of bituminous materials (DBM/BC) with VG30 Kubepur to Fatehabad in Agra is being carried out bitumen binder at 35oC was considered as 1700 by Agra Development Authority, Agra, (UP) and MPa and 0.35 respectively as per Table 7.1, IRC 37. CSIR - CRRI is engaged in the quality assurance for the different project activities i.e. construction Stress-strains at critical locations were computed of embankment, sub grade, sub base, Reinforced using a linear layered elastic model. The stress retaining walls etc. The quality of construction analysis software IITPAVE has been used for the of embankment was assessed by geotechnical computation of stresses and strains. The strains were characterization of fill material, evaluation of computed at critical locations viz. under the wheel degree of compaction achieved in different layers. load (Radial distance = 0) and at a Radial distance of Suggestions were also given for erosion protection 155 mm. Considering the proposed crack relief layer, of high embankments. The quality of Reinforced cross sections with cementitious layer thickness earth retaining wall constructed at the toe of the 250mm was analyzed. The computed strains were high embankment was monitored by assessing the then compared with allowable critical strains quality of backfill material, mode of installation determined using Fatigue and Rutting models and of facing panels; quality and installation of it is observed within limit. The proposed schematic reinforcements etc. Suggestions were also given for cross section of geocrete stabilized pavement is proper lying of filter material and use of geotextiles shown in the Fig. 7. for proper drainage. Pavement Design Proposed with Geocrete 25 mm BC Stabilized Layer (Secundera - Jhinjhak - 50 mm DBM Rasoolabad Road, U.P.) Secundera-Jhinjhak-Rasoolabad road is a Major 100 mm WMM Crack Relief 425 mm District Road (MDR-47) in Ramabai Nager Region, U.P. The existing single lane was proposed to be widened 250 mm Cement Geocrete Layer to 7m carriageway with 1m shoulder on either side. To economize the total cost of the construction by using a new stabilser called 'Geocrete'' in base/sub Fig. 7 : Pavement Cross Section

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 7 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering

Consultancy Projects and 1.50m thick filled up soil. As discussed with railway engineers, the side slopes of the execution pit were to be protected with RCC retaining wall. Design and Supervision of Soil Nailed System The estimated pushing length was about 67.5 m. for Construction of Underpass at Railway About 300 to 350 trains pass over this section daily. Level Crossing No. 156, Sahibabad, U.P It was informed by railway that during box pushing, rail traffic should not be disrupted. As reported earlier (Annual Report 2014-15), Deputy Chief Engineer (Construction), Northern Railway, In order to protect from sudden failure, suitable and Ghai Construction Ltd. approached CSIR-CRRI Soil Nailing Technique has been suggested by for design of suitable technique for the stabilization CSIR-CRRI, which had been previously developed of collapsible soil (sandy soil) for construction of in CRRI and adopted in various projects. Seven subway across the Delhi-Gaziabad Rail line at number precast box segments were pushed through crossing No. 156 near Sahibabad Railway Station, this stratum. (Fig. 8) Uttar Pradesh (U.P). The proposed underpass to be constructed below railway track (total 9 tracks having Design and Implementation of Remedial three main tracks in the centre, three loop lines on Measures for Prevention of Hill Slope and either sides of main tracks and two future proposed Rock Fall/Landslide at Shri Ram Laxman tracks). The proposed underpass would have seven Gadmandir, Ramtek, Nagpur segments of pre cast RCC Boxes which were pushed using jacking technique under the existing railway Ramtek is one of the important and famous Talukas embankment. The inner dimensions of each of Nagpur District which is located around 55 km segments of RCC precast boxes was 9.0 m x 4.50 m from Nagpur City. The local enquiry revealed that (BxH) with box thickness of 0.90m. The overburden the Ramtek Temple has very rich history of Hindu comprises of about 0.7m thick railway ballast mythology; therefore, thousands of pilgrims visit the

Fig. 8 : Stages of Box Underpass Constructions

8 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management place every year. There are fractured rock masses on stones and rocks to fluctuating weather and changing valley side of the Mandir. It seems that Ramtek Fort climatic conditions coupled with other condition Temple was constructed from the locally available like seepage of water through the rock joints etc. stones such as Sandstone, Dolomite, Quartzite These have deteriorated and along with weathering, and Schist rocks. Main temple was constructed by erosion also took place. The side slope with fractured mainly sandstone which is available in the nearby rocks and under constant weathering and erosion areas. (Fig.-9) pose a risk to slope failure on valley side which Over a period of time, due to exposure of building will seriously affect the foundation of temple. Some

Fig. 9 : Close View of Fractured and Jointed Rock Mass Below the Temple

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 9 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering cases of rock fall and already were experienced. It is (4) Data tabulated and marked in contour map and also a threat to the local habitants. photographs. In view of the above, the Chief Engineer, PWD and (5) Field data. Uniaxial compressive strength data Director, Archaeological Deptt, Mumbai requested of field collected sample data PL), other rock CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CSIR-CRRI) properties and strength data from contour map to design remedial measures for prevention of provided by client used for tabulated the data probable rock fall/landslide at Shri Ram Laxman for calculation of Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Mandir at Gadmandir, Ramtek, Nagpur. Slope Mass Rating(SMR). Accordingly, CSIR-CRRI team collected relevant (6) Separately, Rock structure Rating(RSR) valueaso geological, geotechnical details, Rainfall and mean calculated. of minimum and maximum temperature data to (7) Based on values of RMR, SMR and RSR, remedial find out most probable causative. erasures are suggested for stabilisation of Rock In view of the scope of work laboratory tests were Slopes of temple. conducted on representative sample collected z The drain outlets are directly left on to the slope from the field and a scheme of remedial measures which has to be avoided. All these drain are to designed, which is required to be implemented in be connected with main drains and A proper one go, is suggested. (Fig.-10) network of drains along with stepped chute is Remedial Measures provided on slope The following work was carried out for the above Sequential order of remedial measures in weathered mentioned project: and highly fractured zones (1) Extensive field work carried out for one week. z Nailing/Rock bolting (2) Geological and Geotechnical data collected. z Application of Net (3) Drainage problem of temple complex thoroughly z Drainage/Weep holes investigated. z Construction of wall up to 8m height

Fig. 10 : Recommended Remedial Measures to be Implemented

10 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management

Comprehensive Study of Seepage and Design that the IGIB campus is resting on shallow depth of Suitable Preventive Measures for Seepage of overburden soil varying from 1.5m to 7m and in ISSH Hostel, IGIB Campus, New Delhi underlained by Delhi quartzite rock formation up to the investigation depth. The overburden sub soil The Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology stratum consists of low plastic Sandy Silt. (IGIB) was constructed in north side of CSIR-CRRI on Sukhdev Vihar road in the year 2007. The IGIB Due to undulating ground and poor condition of institute campus includes ISSH and AG1 building surface as well as subsurface drainage, the campus of seven and five stories respectively. Both the of IGIB faced a serious problem of water logging, buildings have basements. The building was seepage in basement of ISSH from year 2012 and constructed in 2007 and it was handed over to foundation failure of boundary wall from year 2015 IGIB in the year 2011. Geotechnical investigation (Fig. 11). The problem of waterloging was recurring report provided by the engineer in charge revealed again and again and it was resulting in continuous

IGIB Building Low Lying Area

Seepage in Basement Seepage in Lift Room

Seepage in STP Low Lying Area Fig.11 : Seepage in Basement and STP of ISSH

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 11 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering seepage of water especially in the basement area of suitable remedial measures /method were designed both the buildings. In order to avoid such problems in for reducing the seepage pressure. Accordingly, future, Director, IGIB decided to involve CSIR-CRRI sub soil sample were collected from boreholes and to investigate the causes of failure and to suggest grain size analysis tests were conducted. In view of preventive and remedial measures. Accordingly, the the gradation of soil different methods of ground work of comprehensive study and design of suitable improvement method for protection of seepage preventive measures for seepage in ISSH hostel, and pressure were suggested. Vacuum Well point failure of boundary wall of IGIB campus, New Delhi dewatering system has been taken into account was awarded to CSIR-CRRI. The field investigation while designing the preventing measures for ground work was carried out by CRRI team. The causes improvement within the campus. of problem of seepage in ISSH Hostel and Sewage Well Point Method for Dewatering Treatment Plant (STP) and Sudden collapse of boundary wall (Fig. 12) : Well point systems are commonly used methods for Causes of Problem lowering of ground water table, as they are applicable to wide range of excavation and groundwater z Excessive rain conditions. A well point system is usually the most z Topography practical method for dewatering where the site is z Shallow Water Table accessible and water-bearing strata to be drained z Poor Sub Soil (Fine grained) are not too deep. z Rock formation at shallow depth acts as rigid In view of the site condition and to reduce the boundary seepage pressure on basement wall this method was z Poor permeability of soil thought to be most appropriate and would be very z In effective rain harvesting system effective. In this method, 40-50mm diameter pipes z Zero discharge i.e., no waste water drainage outlet are installed in borehole up to the required depth. z Excessive irrigation/watering The top most portion of pipe to be connected to a common header pump with one or more well points. z Occasional leakage of water in campus from Delhi Jal Board pipe line The end point of pipe in the well are connected with pipe screens as shown in Fig. 13. The pipe generally z Absence of Weep holes in boundary wall range in size from 40-50mm in diameter and 1 to Design of Remedial Measures/ Ground Improvement 1.50m in length and are constructed with either In view of the extent of the problem and its causes, the closed ends or self-jetting tips.

Fig.12 : Ground Profile vs Horizontal Distance

12 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management

Dewatering Discharge Pipe Pump Gate Valve Header Pipe Suction Flexible Pipe Connection Stop Valve

Header 7 m Pipe Coupling Riser Pipe

Wellpoint Rocky formation

Fig.13 : Well Point System Proposed as Ground Improvement Measures

Sub-Soil Investigation for the Construction z Disturbed and undisturbed samples of 4 Lane Single Span Bridge over Gurgaon z Measurement of ground water table Canal at Two Different RD’s 20780 (Atmadpur Laboratory Investigation Bridge) and 9800 (Palla Bridge), Faridabad, The following laboratory tests were conducted on Haryana selected soil samples recovered from the boreholes. Executive Engineer, Water Services Division, a) Natural Moisture Content Faridabad has requested to CRRI for Soil b) Bulk and Dry Density investigation for the construction of 4 lane single c) Void Ratio span Bridge over Gurgaon canal at two different RD’s 9800 (Palla Bridge) and 20780 (Atmadpur d) Specific Gravity Bridge), Faridabad, Haryana. The report deals with e) Sieve Analysis the analysis of the field and laboratory test results, f) Liquid and Plastic Limit type and depth of foundation and recommendations g) Direct Shear test regarding the safe bearing capacity of soil. The purpose of sub-soil investigation was to obtain the sub surface conditions at the site so as to evaluate the soil parameter required for evaluating the safe bearing capacity of soil for the design and suitability of the foundation for the proposed structure Fig.14. The knowledge of general geotechnical subsoil characteristics, compressibility and information about ground water table is an essential requirement for the geotechnical engineer, which would assist the designer to design the foundation system. On the basis of field and laboratory test results Pile foundation has been designed as bridge foundation system. Field Investigations z Mobilisation of Equipment: z Drilling of Boreholes z Standard penetration test Fig. 14 : Geotechnical Investigation in Progress

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 13 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering

Recommendation of Foundation The above laboratory tests were carried out as per relevant Indian standard code of practice IS: 2720. On the basis of field and laboratory test results Pile foundation has been designed as bridge foundation system. Evaluation & Consultancy Services for Land Reinforcement at UPES, Bidholi, Dehradun

The University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), an Indian University located in Dehradun, Uttarakhand established in the year 2003 is known Fig. 16 : Three Storey MDC Annexe (3BHK) and Hostel Buildings traditionally for its education and research in near Downhill Slope fields of Energy & Power. The UPES consists of two campuses Bidholi and Kandoli, located at the slope. The expert advice was requested from CSIR- foothills of Mussoorie range mountains which are CRRI to ascertain the stability of valley slope under about 3 km apart from each other. The project additional loading due to construction of new site is located at Bidoli and this campus is having proposed buildings. General Manager (Project) on 9 clusters of buildings mainly Energy House behalf of UPES approached CSIR-CRRI for the work and Chitrakoot Block which includes various of ‘Evaluation & Consultancy services for Land laboratories, workshops and hostels, Fig 15. The Reinforcement' at the suggested site. Subsequently, UPES has constructed a three storey MDC Annexe a team of CSIR-CRRI scientists accompanied by the (3BHK) and hostel buildings in 2007. The 3BHK officials of UPES made a preliminary visit at the site building is situated about 9m away from proximity to assess the scope of the work, etc. CSIR-CRRI has of downhill slope face slope as shown in Fig 16. accepted the proposal in November, 2015. The UPES Authority has proposed to extend the Field Investigations Hostel block- 5 and new construction of Mess with Field investigations include: close traverses along Hostel block- 6 &7, which is situated close to the the slope, toe and top boundary of the slope. The vertical hill slope. The vertical/downhill slope at different observations during field investigations proximity of which the building is located seems are as follows Figs. 17 & 18. to be stable under present condition. However, the UPES authority has proposed to construct one 1. The slope from top edge to the toe is almost more new building near the proximity of valley vertical ranging from 70 to 80 degrees and

Fig. 15 : Location of UPES, Dehradun Fig. 17 : Field Investigation in Progress

14 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management

4. The profile of the slope indicate overall concavity making it spoon shaped slope which can be inferred due to excessive cutting of the river in the past. 5. The profile across different sections indicate little convexity at middle bottom part due to accumulation of the eroded slope material. 6. As the present topography indicates, the rocks protrudes at the far bottom part of both side of the slopes making it a narrow point. It is suspected that, in the past; there would have Fig. 18 : Field Investigation in Progress been some blockade of the river resulting intense toe cutting on breaking of it. above. The extent of the slope ranges from 96 to Topographic Survey 101 meters (from Toe to Top portion). For carrying out slope stability analysis, accurate 2. It is made up of compact mixture of silty sandy cross sections at 1:500 scale, representing to the soil & gravels & occasional boulders. ground conditions were required to be drawn. The 3. The slope material as observed during field topographic survey was carried out at the site by investigation has alternate layers of horizontally CRRI team along with UPES officials. Total Station bedded pebbles of bigger sizes followed by fine was used for mapping of the slide area. The slope material with small sizes indicating different area was divided in seven cross-sections as shown stages of deposition. in plan of x-section and shown in Table-1.

Hill Slope Condition Cross Section Surcharge EQ Forces FOS (with RCC Retaining Wall (Ht.-5m)

Dry Condition YES NO 1.00

Dry Condition YES YES 0.85

1.01 Dry Condition YES YES (with Nails)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 15 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering

Wet 0.87 YES YES (WT at approx. 5m) (with Nails)

Wet 0.88 YES YES (WT at approx. 10m) (with Nails)

Wet 0.98 YES YES (WT at approx. 20m) (with Nails)

Wet 1.03 YES YES (WT at approx. 25m) (with Nails)

Table-1 : X- Section of Slop Area and Parameters Considered in the Stability Analysis

Slope Stability Analysis methods of stability analysis which are presently In order to predict the rock fall/ landslide occurrence, available in the form of computer software. The a quantitative assessment of slope stability is GEO-5 stability analysis software available in CRRI necessary. The assessment of degree of safety is was used and slope stability was determined as per through calculated factor of safety (FOS) which Bishop’s Method and Sarma’s Method. Cross sections is conventionally defined as the ratio of average (Geometry of the slope) adopted for stability analysis shear strength to the average shear stress along a were as per cross sectional drawings. Earthquake potential failure surface. The selection of potential factor (EQ) was also included in the analysis. The failure surface essentially depends on the condition parameters considered in the stability analysis are of the site as revealed from site investigation and given in Table-1. accordingly, selection of suitable remedial measures As per the site condition, geometry of slope and follows the estimation of stability. There are many requirements of project, the stability of slope of

16 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management critical zone has been checked for the natural 6. Stability Analysis indicates the slope is almost conditions of slope with and without surcharge, at critical FOS, Table-1 under dry condition. water table and earth quake in different possible In view of the site conditions and feasibility of combinations, implementation of scheme of remedial measures, Landslide Mitigation Measures following combination of methods is proposed for The slope stabilization, sliding control/prevention stability of the slope. of landslide measures generally include, flattening z Retaining Wall of slopes, lowering of ground water table, providing and further promoting vegetation cover on slopes, z Soil Nailing Technique RCC or Masonry Retaining Structures, reinforced The combined cross-sectional view representing the earth retaining structure, grouting, improved surface above provisions of RCC Retaining Wall along with drainage and preventing slides by Nailing and Soil Nailing is shown in Fig. 19. Shotcreting etc. depending upon site constraints and likely solution on case to case basis. A judicious Concluding Remarks combination of both active and passive measures In addition to the above suggested measures, is required for successfully controlling landslide following general measures are also required to be problem. provided/constructed.

The remedial measures are designed and suggested z Lining of irrigation canal where distresses have having in view of the following. appeared. 1. Long vertical river valley slope made up of river z Keep the drain clean during rain/ close the drain, borne material. if not to be utilized. 2. Toe of the valley slope cut by a seasonal river. z The Vertical Slope face above the drain (in the 3. Space constraints for construction of vicinity of 9 to 12 m from top edge of slope) conventional measures, generally requiring which is near to the upcoming building can be more space. covered with suitable Geogrid/ Carpet (Details 4. Limited space between the foundation of the enclosed in Annexure ‘B’) or else local plants building and the edge of the valley slope (9m). should be promoted in this reach which can 5. Slope is vegetated, occasional traces of the promote vegetation and at the same time can draining on the slope. prevent the slope face from erosions.

Fig. 19 : Cross-Section of Slope

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 17 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering z Provide RCC as one of the Retaining Structures Sl.No. Geotechnical Value of the as per the given details in this Report. Property Property z Soil Nailing using Tor steel bars should be done 1. Sp. Gravity 0.4 as per the design details given in this Report. 2. Porosity(%) 87 z Appropriate drainage measure should be 3. % of sand sized particles 98 adopted to avoid the seepage from slope area. 4. Angle of Friction (in 50 degrees z Ensure that the water from domestic as well as undrained condition)

seasonal rains is prevented from going on to the 5. Percentage of CaCo3 4 lower slope by providing appropriate drainage 6. pH Value 5.3 measures all around the Infrastructure. Table 2 : Various Geotechnical Properties of Sawdust z No exploitation of vegetation/slope be allowed from human activity at any time. The following table 3 explains its behaviour with z Continuous monitoring of slope for any distress soil and sand mixes. be done in future. Sl. Material Friction z Toe protection from running water using Energy No. parameters (CU Dissipaters such as Wire Rope Gabion along the Condition) (kg/ river. sq.cm and degrees) z Provision of Deflecting/Repelling Spur can be 1. Delhi soil C= 0.013, F=26.8 adopted for the whole stretch along the Nimi 2. Delhi soil & sawdust C=0.07, F=34.3 river, to repel/shift the river scour away from mix the toe of the slope. 3. Badarpur sand C=0, F=35.0 Shielding of Structure against Vibration due 4. Badarpur sand and C=0, F=37.4 to Earthquake sawdust mix (90:10) 5. Yamuna sand C=0, F=31.09 Study on shielding of structures against the vibration 6. Yamuna sand and C=0, F=37.16 due to earthquake and Isolation of the ground using sawdust mix (90:10) trench barriers was taken up by the Institute. Table 3 : Behaviour with Soil and Sand Mixes The other study is to protect the building/ important structure against vibration. The following settlement curve gives an idea of the uniform settlement of sawdust Fig. 20. During the year work on Characterisation of sawdust and local soil to be used as in-fill material in the trench for protection against vibration has been completed. Progress made along with salient findings: It has been proved experimentally that sawdust is an effective material for the isolation purpose due to its high angle of friction and porosity values. It also increases the angle of friction of its mixes with other materials. It has been also explained experimentally that consolidation takes place immediately in its presence and settlement behaviour is uniform. The following table 2 gives an idea of the various geotechnical properties of sawdust. Fig. 20 : Settlement Curve of the Sawdust

18 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management

Fig. 21 explains the same uniform settlement Nine boreholes for the proposed site were made in behaviour of its mix with B.C. Soil. year 2014 - 2015. The locations of bore holes have been distributed in such a way so as to cover the entire area of the slope. The borehole has been carried up to 15 m depth. On left hand side thickness of soil is more on top portion (9m to 13.5 m) of the slope and thickness of soil reduces to 4.5m at bottom of the slope. On right hand side thickness of the soil is more or less uniform on entire slope (11m to 15 m) and rock is available at deeper depth.

Fig. 21 : Settlement Curve of B.C. Soil and Sawdust Mix (80:20)

Stability of Slope and Foundation for Construction of Buildings at Port Blair Fig. 22 : Construction of Two Storey Building is in Progress (2014) The Andaman and Nicobar are a group of picturesque islands, located in South-Eastern part of Bay of Bengal. Military Engineering Services (MES) requested CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi to investigate the stability of slope and foundation for the construction of buildings at Buniyadabad, Port Blair and to suggest suitable remedial measures. During the field visit, CRRI team carried out investigations and also collected geotechnical investigation details and other relevant data from MES. The broad scope of work is as follows to Fig. 23 : Displacement of Retaining Wall since May 2014 to z Field and laboratory investigation December 2015 z Analysis of results Road Geometric Design z Design of remedial measures for slope stability A team of CRRI has carried out required studies to and foundation related problems design the road on the given terrain conditions. The z Provide construction methodology for the major activities during field visits have included proposed road embankment collection of available data, field reconnaissance Field and Laboratory Investigations survey, topographical survey, geometric design and estimation of earthwork quantities. In the year 2014, two storey building construction Design of Remedial Measures was under progress (Fig. 22). The retaining wall constructed on back side of the building was Stability analysis of the study area has been carried displaced by more than 3m as shown in Fig. 23. The out using 'Geo4' software. Based on the results of soil beneath the building was subsided by 30 cm. stability analysis the sloping area was found safe in

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 19 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering

normal conditions while the same slopes were found z As the rainfall in Port Blair is very high, its failing under seismic and seismic with saturated required to immediately drain off the rain conditions. The proposed alignment with remedial water without harming the slope. To drain off measures shown in Fig. 24. The suggested remedial the water, proper drainage network should be measures are as follows : constructed in the study area.

Fig. 24 : Location of Proposed Alignment and Buildings in the Study Area

20 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management

z The proposed buildings can be constructed at Work Done marked locations 1 and location 2. At location Landslide is the most common and recurring hazard 1 the moderately weak rock is available at 4.5 on the hilly regions worldwide. Landslide hazard m depth. Since the slip surface is touching the may be defined as the “Probability of occurrence rock surface, pile foundation is suggested as a of potentially damaging natural phenomena. A preferred solution for proposed buildings. landslide hazard zonation map depicts a division of Vulnerability Assessment and Development land surface into zones of varying degree of stability of Adaptation Strategies for Climate Change based on an estimated significance of causative Impact with Special Reference to Coasts factors in inducing the instability”. Therefore, landslide hazard Zonation maps consists of several and Island Ecosystems of India (VACCIN) zones of progressive levels of expected landslide under Information Sciences Cluster by CSIR- hazard. NISCAIR (ISC0302)- 12th Five Year Plan In order to create landslide hazard zonation (LHZ) Project, Work Package 15: maps of different years, an area is required to be Study of Changing Trends of Landslide selected. Hazards Considering Geo Environmental Selection of Field Area Conditions in the parts of Peninsular India An area roughly around 550 sq. km. covering a Global warming phenomena are the key issue in moderate sized watershed Fig.25 is selected for the the present scenario and directly/indirectly related present study (WP-15) in the Western Ghats region. to the human activities. Increasing demand of Study area is covered within the survey of India growing population requires more food and space. toposheet nos. C43L3, C43L4 and C43K16 and falls Therefore, rapid industrial growth, increasing in the Idukki District of Kerala State. Study area is tourism demand and unplanned urbanization is selected on the following basis: taking place and this may leads the fast depletion a) Accessibility of the field area of forest cover. This may contribute significantly to the temperature rise globally. Melting glaciers & b) Different type of land use and land cover ice caps, rising Seas, Changes in rainfall patterns, c) Human interference increased chances of extreme events, extreme hot d) Rainfall area & cold climate, widespread vanishing of animal populations etc. are the major impacts of the global e) Developing area warming. Changes in rainfall patterns and increased f) Stability problems in the area extreme events are further leading the frequent Slope Facet Map occurrences of hazards such as floods, cyclone and especially landslide hazard. Study area is falling in the Western Ghats. The area has rugged topography. Hills are dissected by Therefore, it is essential to know the relative stability numerous streams and rivers. Mattupatti Lake is before, implement of any further developmental formed due to the construction of Concrete Gravity scheme in an area. Landslide hazard zonation map Dam at the confluence of three major rivers namely also help in the planning by choosing relatively Muthirappuzhu, Chanduvaria and Kundale. This stable slopes and by avoiding the high and very dam is located in the South - Eastern part of the high hazard slopes. study area and reservoir filled in the North-East The main objectives are: to South - West direction. Various land use and • Preparation of LHZ map of the study area. land pattern viz. dense forest, barren land, flat & • To study the change in relative land stability agricultural land, tea plantation, etc. are present in conditions with change in rainfall. the area. • To suggest the Adaptation and mitigation In order to prepare factorial maps of the study measures. area (550 sq. km.), a base map (slope facet map)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 21 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering

Fig. 25 : Study Area, Munnar, Idukki District, Kerala - Map Preparation

is required. Slope facet map is a part of hill slope manually, it is scanned and registered using which has more or less uniform direction (≥15°) Geographical Information System (GIS) software. as well as slope angle (≥15°). Initially, boundary Registered slope facet map superimpose over the of the study area is marked covering a watershed. Toposheets to digitize the various features minutely Topography of the study area is studied carefully on and modified accurately, wherever it is required. the survey of Toposheets. The hill slopes are divided Various features such as ridges, spurs, gullies and into the number of small segments, called slope streams, arbitrary lines and their sub features of the facets bounded by ridges, spurs, gullies and streams slope facet map is digitized on different layers. This in such a way that uniformity of direction and slope will help to further modify the map if needed. An inclination of the bounded slope maintained. In arrow is also marked for every facet to indicate slope the absence of ridges, spurs, gullies and streams, direction. Merging all the features gives the final arbitrary lines are used as a slope facet boundary, slope facet map of the area. Slope facet map may be where a significant change in the attitude of slope modify on the basis of field information and by the is observed. Slope facet may vary in shape and size imageries. Further, the study area (550 sq. km) will depending upon the uniformity and nature of the be ranked into five classes of relative stability viz. slope. very high hazard, high hazard, moderate hazard, Slope facet map Fig. 26 is prepared manually using low hazard and very low hazard. hard copies of Toposheets. Initially, manual method Final slope facet map will serve the base map is given preference over the digital map to get the for preparing the other factorial maps such as overall view of the study area, which is not possible lithological map, structural map land use & land on the monitor. Once, slope facet map is prepared cover map, relative relief map, hydrogeological map

22 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Geotechnical Engineering Landslide Management

Fig. 26 : Slope Facet Map of the Study Area, Munnar, Idukki District, Kerala etc. Structural map can be prepared after analysis Fig. 27 : Drainage Map of the Study Area, Munnar, Idukki District, Kerala of structural field data and rest of the maps can be prepared with the help of the Toposheets and facet area is commonly governed by the topography of map. These maps further may be modified after the land, whether a particular region is dominated incorporating the field data. It will form a basis for by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land. evolving a strategy for the development of the study Drainage pattern of the study area is showing the area, Munnar, Idukki district Kerala. sub-dendritic pattern. Drainage Map Digital Terrain Model (DTM) Drainage map of a basin is the geographical area Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is a digital model or 3D drained by a river and its tributaries. That is an area representation of a terrain’s surface, created from characterized by all runoff being conveyed to the terrain elevation data. A digital terrain Model of the same outlet Fig.27. Basin or catchment area is an study area has been prepared using the cartosat-1 extent or an area of land where surface water from v3 data Fig. 28. Colors represent the heights in this rain, melting snow or ice converges to a common map. Here bright colors (red, orange etc) represent point at a lower elevation. Drainage system of an the higher reaches and cool colors like green blue

Fig. 28 : Digital Elevation Model, DEM of the Study Area, Munnar, Idukki District, Kerala

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 23 Landslide Management Geotechnical Engineering represents lower heights. This map is also useful volume and Sliding Direction. (B) Parametric Study to understand the geomorphology of the area. DTM approach including Rock Mass Rating (RMR), shows that north, east, south-east part of the study Slope Mass Rating (SMR), Rock Structure Rating area have higher reaches than the west and the (RSR) and Rock Mass Quality (Q). Geological and middle part of the map. Rivers are flowing mainly Geotechnical studies in detail are necessary to from west to east directions and North to south understand and quantify the number of factors direction. related to mechanism of rock slope failures. An Rock Dynamic Study of Joint Controlled Hill attempt has been made for this Project related work to improve better the stabilization practices Rock Slopes for hill rock slopes. Consequently we observe that, Rock Dynamic Study of Joint Controlled Hill Rock the evaluation of the joint controlled rock blocks Slopes carried out in following different categories adjacent to highways in hilly terrain of India is to understand the mechanism of hill slope failures essentially required prior to their stabilization in dynamic condition of hill slopes adjacent to hill and thus is inevitable. RMR, SMR and Q are other roads. Rock Engineering Investigations (Fig. 29) important parameters for the discontinuous planes plays a vital role for development of any programs intersecting with each other such as rock joints for investigation of rock slope pertaining to cutting and other discontinuous planes in order to explain of hills for roads constrctions, stabilization of the generation of rock blocks known as the joint rock slopes, etc. needs to be focused as the main pyramids. In addition to the assessment and critical stream work done with best precision and accuracy. evaluation is highly essential for condition of rocks Rock Engineering Investigations includes different as per observations at site and laboratory testing methods in two segments as follows-(A) Key of different rocks based on secondary data. The Block Theory approach including Joint controlled volume and further the stability for tetrahedral joint rock block- Joint Pyramid, Key blocks and Rock controlled rock blocks can be determined using vector methods based on secondary rock joint data available for work. The removability and further the direction of sliding of rock blocks which can ROCK be obtained by the geometrical and vector method ENGINEERING analysis may indicate the consequences leading to IONVESTIGATION the damage of both up hill and downhill slopes and the adjacent roadways and other such engineering structures around or in the vicinity of the hill road adjacent to rock slope. Based on above mentioned Key Block RMR, SMR, Q different types of investigations for rocks slopes, a set of remedial measures evolved for stabilization Theory and their for hill slopes and hill roads. The outcome of the relationship study finally help to establish the enhance the quality of stabilization measures for rock slopes by implementing the same by agencies like state PWD’s,Border road organizations and other hill road Rock Slope Stabilisation of construction agencies. The Project findings aim to Stability Rock Slope benefits to society and economic development of hill regions of India. The outcome of this study if implemented by appropriate agency well in time Fig. 29 : Scheme of Rock Engineering Investigation and will help the villagers and the road users of the Remediation for Rock Slope particular hilly region of india.

24 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement z Pavement Design & Rehabilitation Engineering & Materials z Pavements Materials & Construction Technologies

z Road Asset Management

Pavement Engineering Pavement Design and Rehabilitation

Development of Technology for Use of Fly • Experimental design of test pavement using Ash as an Alternate Material in Pavement selected fly ash waste in sub-base/ base and Construction through Accelerated Pavement construction of test strips within CRRI. Testing • Semi-field performance evaluation of pavement constructed using these materials using APTF Natural materials are fast depleting and road fig. 30. construction industry is facing acute shortage of • Development of design guidelines on their good quality materials required for new construction optimal usage and maintenance. The use of fly ash waste in road construction has a great potential for considerable The scope involves assessing the basic engineering saving in the use of natural resources, likely to properties and behaviour of the selected fly ash enhance the pavement performance and protect blended sub-base/ base course materials, field environment, and therefore is very relevant in performance evaluation under real life like traffic sustainable road development. loads and drawing inferences on the utility of the fly ash based on analysis of observations fig. 31 and This mega project, sponsored by Department of documenting. Science and Technology, MoST (Govt. of India) envisages that pavements serving traffic for the Design Specifications Indian rural road and low volume roads are the With due deliberations with the experts, six best bet for exploring of a technology of maximised different (one conventional and five alternate) ustilisation of fly ash waste, with the following design specifications are proposed in the final objectives: design matrix to be studied.

CSIR-CRRI APTF

Fig. 30 : The CRRI APTF Facility

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 27 Pavement Design and Rehabilitation Pavement Engineering

Expected Deliverables • The loss of weight for stabilised fly ash mixture Deliverables of the Project include the following: with varied cement composition after 12th cycle of wetting and drying were found to be less than • Guidelines for assessing the suitability and use permissible limit specified by IS 4332 (Part 4). of fly ash in road construction • Design approaches for use of fly ash material • As the cement content is increased, the value of resilient modulus also increases. • Quantification of techno-economic benefits of the proposed use of fly ash in the lower layers The results are given in Figs. 32 & 33. of flexible pavements Work Accomplished The laboratory phase of designing mixes for sub-base is complete while designing for flyash-aggregate- cement base is in progress and the inferences drawn from Sub-Base studies are as follows: • The stipulated evaluation tests for cement stabilised materials can also be effectively carried out for cement-flyash stabilised mixes also Fig. 32 : Typical Gradation of Flyash from Badarpur (NTPC)

Badarpur Old Fly Ash Badarpur New Fly Ash

Cement Aggregate : Aggregate : Cement Aggregate : Aggregate : Content Fly ash Fly ash Content Fly ash Fly ash (%) 56:44 50:50 (%) 56:44 50:50 OMC MDD OMC MDD OMC MDD OMC MDD (%) (g/cc) (%) (g/cc) (%) (g/cc) (%) (g/cc) 3 8.288 1.909 9.277 1.825 3 11.11 1.802 8.56 1.753 6 8.511 1.882 10.68 1.821 6 7.91 1.836 10.64 1.764 9 9.255 1.859 7.24 1.880 9 11.73 1.764 13.92 1.7099 Fig. 31 : Analysis of observations

Fig.33: Compaction Properties Aggregate: Fly ash = 78 : 22

28 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Pavement Design and Rehabilitation

Post Construction Quality Audit of Four corridors of the state. Laning of Jetpur-Somnath Section of NH 8-D Major part of NH-8D, one of the major highway from km 0.000 to 123.454 (Gujarat) of Gujarat, passes through many important cities/ places/hubs of historical, academic, tourist, National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) is industrial and commercial interest enroute. The responsible for the development, maintenance four laning from the earlier two-lane was envisaged and management of country’s National Highways by NHAI and the General Manager(T), Gujarat, and consequently, the road sections of National National Highways Authority of India(NHAI) had Highways are being developed much to the requested CSIR-Central Road Research Institute expectation of the public and policy makers alike. (CRRI), to undertake the investigations of the post- These efforts have yielded positive results, both quality construction of the road section between for passenger and goods traffic with increased Jetpur-Somnath(km 000.000-123.454) of NH-8D and connectivity and improved road infrastructure to give observations. The investigations included developed in the country in the recent past. With both field studies and laboratory evaluation, reference to Gujarat, many important road links viz., assessment of current pavement surface including National Highways constitute the road condition, determination of structural thicknesses network of the state, where the primary mode by way of limited destructive evaluation by test pit of transport is land based, especially the road observations along with retrieval of materials used transport. The road sections of national highway in construction of various layers of the pavement 8 and subsidiaries are among the prestigious and structure and more specifically the bituminous important road construction projects executed by layers by coring, for determining their properties in NHAI which serves as high-speed, high density the laboratory.

Fig.34 : Observations for Laboratory Evaluation

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 29 Pavement Design and Rehabilitation Pavement Engineering

Interim Observations analysis, inferences drawn and recommendation were provided. The 124 km long stretch of Jetpur-Somnath, recently completed, is opened to traffic and performing as a Based on the field and laboratory investigations, it four-lane highway to cater to the traffic. The field is recommended that an overlay of 80 mm Dense evaluations have been accomplished and with Bituminous Macadam (DBM) plus 50 mm Dense further laboratory evaluation based observations Bituminous concrete shall be provided on both Fig. 34, the post-construction quality levels will be carriageways for strengthening of road in order established. to provide additional structural strength to the pavement to enable it to carry the present and Investigation for Strengthening and anticipated future traffic volume and loads in the Improvement of DSC Road Stretches Between next 10 years. An alternative option of Stone Matrix Underpass Sector-37 to Kesar Garden, Noida Asphalt + Dense Bituminous Concrete for design The study was sponsored by Noida Authority, Noida, U.P. The main objective of the study is to carry out the field investigation for determining the causes of distresses of flexible pavement on road stretch between underpass sector-37 to keshar garden. The layout of study stretch showing distress condition is depicted in Figs. 35 & 36. Field investigations were carried out during which surface condition and structural data, bituminous cores samples, material samples from test pit and traffic-load data using Weigh in Motion (WIM) were collected for investigation. A detailed report containing data of Fig.35: Layout Map of the Study Stretch-Main Carriageway of DSC field investigation, laboratory investigation, data Road

Fig. 36 : Distressed Condition of the Road Stretch under Study

30 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Pavement Design and Rehabilitation life of 10 years was also suggested. Further, it was Based on the earlier investigation carried out on the also recommended the above overlay thickness bituminous pavement study which was used as the may be considered with the option of recycling of input parameter for designing the rigid pavement, existing bituminous surface. the design of rigid pavement over existing distressed Design of Rigid Pavement for Four Lane Road bituminous road was provided to UPSIDC. Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC) of M40 Grade and 250 mm in Trans Delhi Signature City, Ghaziabad thickness was recommended over 100 mm thick The study was sponsored by U.P State Industrial leveling layer of Dry lean concrete (DLC) and 200 Development Corporation Limited (UPSIDC.) The mm thick Granular sub-base (GSB) drainage layer. main objective of the is provide design of Rigid 32 mm dia, 500 mm long, plain mild steel dowels pavement over distressed bituminous surface on at spacing of 300mm c/c were recommended at all the road stretch between C.C Crossing and Alipur transverse contraction and construction joints. 12 –Pusta road, tronica Industrial City, Ghaizabad. Figs. mm dia, 640 mm long, deformed tie bars at spacing 37 & 38 indicate the distress bituminous surface on of 720 mm c/c were designed for longitudinal the road Stretch. joints. Evaluation of Road From Jhatikra More to Jhatikra Village for Rehabilitation The project aimed at the evaluation of road from Jhatikra More to Jhatikra Village under PWD Delhi for rehabilitation/strengthening by determining thickness requirements with Falling Weight Deflectometer. The project road is 8.000 kms long in entirely flexible pavement with 7.0m single carriageway, 2 lane road. The road passes through built up areas of various villages surrounding this road. Road is badly damaged at various locations due to stagnation of water coupled by damaged from heavy traffic plying on this road.

Fig. 37 : Existing Road in Deteriorated Condition with Missing Measured surface deflections, normalized to a Wearing Course along Pusta Road and Large Size Pothole standard load of 40 kN, alongwith other inputs such as radial distances at which deflection are measured, layer thicknesses, Poisson’s ratio values of different layers, applied peak load and loading plate radius, are used to backcalculate the elastic moduli of different layers of the existing pavement using an appropriate backcalculation technique. The backcalculated moduli are used for the analysis of the in-service pavement and for assessment of the structural condition of the pavement as per IRC-115- 2014, as recommended in these guidelines for backcalculation have been used for structural evaluation. FWD data collected and analysed and the overlay thickness computed for 5 years and 10 years design life are 100 mm and 120 mm respectively Fig. 38 : Existing Road in Deteriorated Condition with Missing Wearing Course along Pusta Road and Depression Fig.39.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 31 Pavement Design and Rehabilitation Pavement Engineering

Fig. 39 : Data Collection through Falling Weight Deflectometer

Review of Flexible Pavement Design in Weak view the location of the pavement in high altitude Subgrade and High Altitude for Theog- area, to enable quick drain off of the water from the Kharapathar-Harkoti Road pavement. The main objective of the study, sponsored by M/s Development of Technology for Compensating Himachal Pradesh Roads and other Infrastructure Strength Loss in Paving Concrete due to Use Development Corporation Limited, is to carry out of Aggregate from C&D Debris the pavement design review in weak subgrade and high altitude for Theog-Kharapathar-Harkoti road. Among all the alternate sources for aggregate, the The scope of the work included field visit to assess recycling of concrete elements of the construction the soil and ground conditions, required minimum and demolition (C&D) debris has an upper hand sampling for cross-section verification, collection of as it is available everywhere. C&D debris typically design related data, verification of the earlier design composed of wood, plaster, concrete, bitumen, and suggesting suitable recommendations. roofing materials, glass, plastics, metal, insulating materials, and other similar materials depending on Brief Description of the Work done : the locality of its origin. Recycled concrete aggregate The road portion considered under the present derived from crushing of the concrete elements study is only of 16 km length, out of the total project of this debris, is inhomogeneous unlike natural length of 80 km (approx.), within chainage from aggregate derived from a crushed rock. Numerous 42.000 to 58.000 km, falling under the Kotkhai to researchers have shown that the mortar content Rohru section of the project DPR. The pavement attached to the recycled aggregate has lower density, design was reviewed according to IRC:37-2012 and higher water absorption, higher porosity and lower suitable modifications were suggested. The grading specific gravity than virgin aggregate. The mentioned of granular sub-base was proposed to be changed physical properties of RCA results in the decrease in accordance with MORTH, 2013, keeping in in both mechanical strength such as compression

32 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Pavement Design and Rehabilitation strength, modulus of elasticity, density etc. as well of RCA for nominal maximum size of 20 mm. As as durability aspect of concrete including chloride RCA is an inhomogeneous material, hence, it is resistance. Therefore, the study aims at evaluating very important to determine different component physical properties of RCA, manufacturing of of it. The presence of different components of RCA concrete with RCA, the comparison of properties determines the variations in the physical properties with virgin aggregate and control concrete and of RCA. Table 4 presents physical properties of RCA finally development of technology for overcoming and a natural aggregate. this reduction in strength and durability quality Figure 42 depicts significant water absorption of concrete manufactured with for helping in by some of the constituent of RCA explaining adopting a sustainable construction practice in the its drastically higher value. The overall water construction of concrete roads. The progress made absorption of RCA was 4.6% for 20 mm and 6.6% for this project so far is as follows: for 10 mm down aggregate whereas the same for Composition of C&D Debris and Constituent natural aggregate of the same size range was 0.48% of RCA and 0.74%, respectively. The aggregate was collected from the stacks of Compressive Strength of Concrete nominal aggregate size in the range of 10-4.75 mm Manufactured with RCA and NA and 20-10 mm. Fig. 40 shows as received RCA of maximum nominal size 20 mm. The presence of The mix proportions used for this preliminary study different materials besides crushed stone is clearly containing RCA as a replacement of 100% natural visible. Therefore, first of all, the composition of aggregate in the size range of 10-20mm developed RCA was evaluated. Fig. 41 shows the composition about 15% less compressive strength at 28 days. The

Fig. 40 : RCA in Size Range 10-20 mm Fig. 41: Components of RCA

Table 4. Physical properties of RCA and natural aggregate (10-20 mm)

Value Physical properties % variation wrt NA RCA NA Specific gravity 2.24 2.71 - 17.3 Aggregate crushing value (%) 28.16 30.7 - 8.2 Bulk Density (kg/m3) 1.47 1.65 -11.0 Water absorption (%) 4.46 0.48 + 830 Aggregate impact value (%) 27.94 23.1 -20.9

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 33 Pavement Design and Rehabilitation Pavement Engineering flexural strength developed in concrete containing Evaluation of GUJCON - CRF Nylon-6 Fibre RCA was also about 10-15% less than that of Reinforced M40 Concrete for Roads controlled concrete. The water absorption rate indicating durability quality of concrete was much A cement concrete pavement undergoes dynamic higher than the controlled concrete. The abrasion loading due to movement of traffic and rigorous resistance was inferior to the control concrete. The environmental conditions. Development of shrinkage preliminary analysis of data has indicated that if the cracks in plain cement concrete pavements is a replacement level of natural aggregate is reduced to major problem especially in tropical regions like 50% then the concrete containing RCA develops ours. Cracking of concrete due to shrinkage is a strength similar to the control concrete. The study common problem in concrete members having large further suggested that if ASTM Class F fly ash is surface area exposed to the environment such as used as a mineral admixture (up 7-10% of cement) concrete pavements. To minimize the development then concrete containing 100% replacement of of such cracks in concrete pavements the addition of coarse aggregate could develop strength at least synthetic fiber to the concrete mix is often suggested. similar to the control concrete. Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited (GSFC), Vadodara, has developed Nylon based synthetic fibre GUJCON - CRF Nylon-6 fibre for possible use in the construction of concrete roads. GSFC requested CSIR-CRRI to evaluate the influences of the addition of this fibre on concrete properties relevant to its use in pavement construction that is, flexural strength, compressive strength, MOE, abrasion resistance, drying shrinkage, beside fresh properties i.e. slump and density. The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of the addition of this fibre on fresh concrete properties and hardened state concrete properties i.e. compressive strength, flexural strength, drying shrinkage, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and abrasion resistance, for the concrete mix with and without incorporating GUJCON – CRF Nylon-6 fiber. The physical and chemical properties Fig.42: Water Absorption by Different Components of RCA of GUJCON-CRF Nylon-6 fibre are presented in

Fig. 43 : Nylon-6 Fibre in Water before Mixing Fig. 44 : Nylon-6 Fibre after Mixing in Water

34 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Pavement Design and Rehabilitation

Table 5. Physical and Chemical Properties of GUJCON-CRF Nylon-6 Fibre (As per GSFC)

Properties Values Fibre cross-section Trilobal Fibre length 18 mm Nature of fibre with respect to water Hydrophilic Water absorption 4-4.5% Denier/Filament 3 Color Brilliant White Melting Point 220 °C Specific gravity 1.13-1.14 Chemical Resistance Very good against alkali, hydrocarbons Surface treatment if any None Modulus of elasticity —

Table-5. Figs. 43 & 44 show the Fibre in water before failure behavior of concrete. The study concluded mixing and after mixing, respectively. that in order to improve specific concrete properties The study suggested insignificant effect on fresh over and above the conventional concrete this density of concrete but slight reduction in slump. It GUJCON-CRF Nylon-6 fibre may be used in the further reveals notably higher resistance to abrasion concrete road construction and in other similar and a reduction in drying shrinkage but similar construction works. strengths (compressive and flexural strength) for Further, as GUJCON – CRF Nylon-6 fibre is smaller in concrete mix reinforced with GUJCON-CRF Nylon-6 diameter in comparison with other synthetic fibres fibre to that of controlled concrete mix without this fibre may prove advantageous in mitigation GUJCON-CRF Nylon-6 fibre. Further, delayed of spalling of concrete in fire. However, further separation of cracked beam under flexural testing at study on such aspect should be carried out in ultimate load due to incorporation of GUJCON-CRF order to widen its applicability in cement-based Nylon-6 fibre indicated an improvement in post materials.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 35 Pavement Materials and Construction Technologies Pavement Engineering

Consultancy Projects of 180 mm thickness in M40concrete with panel size of 1.28 m x 1.28 m was suggested after 50 mm Design of White Topping for the Improvement milling of top bituminous layer. of Gopalpura By-Pass from Tonk Road Junction to Ajmer Road, BHankrota Junction, Inspection and Suggestion for Rectification Jaipur. of Cracks on Cement Concrete Road near Raipur and Bilaspur on NH-200 Jaipur Development Authority (JDA), in order to improve the condition of Goplapura By-pass from Public Works Department (PWD) of Chhatisgarh Tonk Road Junction to Ajmer Road – Bhankarota State constructed cement concrete pavement near Junction at Jaipur has intended to construct Thin Raipur end and Bilaspur end of the Raipur – Bilaspur White Topping (TWT) over the existing bituminous section of National Highway No. 200. The concrete road. JDA the Central Road Research Institute for pavement near Raipur end is a six lane divided providing the structural design of TWT and technical carriageway of length 7.50 km and the pavement guidance during construction. The length of the near Bilaspur end is a four lane divided carriageway six lane dual carriageway road is approximately of length 9.0 km. The concrete pavement section 9.5 km. The width of each carriageway is 11.5 m near Raipur was constructed in the year 2014 and with 1.8 m wide median. Part one of the road from the section near Bilaspur was constructed in the Goplapura – Tonk Road Junction to Gujjar Ki Thari year 2012-13. Within a period of two to two and is approximately 3.5 km long. This portion carries a half years, both the concrete pavement sections mainly city traffic comprising of cars, buses and have developed longitudinal cracking (Fig. 46). light commercial vehicles with restricted entry of Chief Engineer, National Highway Zone, PWD trucks. Both the bituminous carriageways are in good Raipur, requested the Central Road Research condition without any major surface distresses. Part Institute to explore the reasons for the cracking and two of the road from Gujjar Ki Thari to Ajmer Road suggest suitable repair methodology. During the – Bhankrota Junction is approximately 6.0 km long. field visits distress survey of both the sections of This part of the road carries considerable amount of concrete pavement was carried out. The information truck traffic in addition to city traffic. Fig. 45 depicts regarding the type and width of the old and newly the existing bituminous surface in good condition constructed road, methodology of laying Pavement .Truck traffic on this part of the road is because Quality Concrete (PQC), specifications relating to of diverted traffic either going to or coming from structural design and concrete material were also Ajmer. The condition of existing bituminous road collected. Few cores were also taken over the saw is also good in this part of the road. Whitetopping cuts to see the formation of joint and cracks.

Fig. 45 : Existing Bituminous Surface in Good Condition (Part I & II)

36 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Pavement Materials and Construction Technologies

Fig. 46 : Wide and Spalled Longitudinal Cracks on Raipur and Bilaspur Section

Full depth repair, cross stitching of narrow and clay and combustible additives like sea coal, and stapling of wide longitudinal cracks was suggested some moisture. The leaching test results showed as repair methodology. Field investigations indicated that Jarosite is not hazardous. This research was that non-uniform support conditions under existing conducted to investigate the performance of fresh and widened road area along with excessive curling and hardened concrete containing discarded of wide concrete slabs laid in one single operation Jarosite as a replacement of fine aggregate. resulted in the longitudinal cracking. Suggestions, Concrete performance was evaluated with respect on the basis of field investigations, were also given to compressive strength, flexural strength, drying to avoid such cracking in future construction of shrinkage and abrasion resistance Fig. 47. concrete highways. The study has revealed that Jarosite is a very fine material. Its higher fineness influences most of the Research Project (SUSTRANS): properties of green and hardened concrete. It reduces Laboratory Study for the Utilization of Jarosite the workability of concrete mix. In other words, water as Replacement of Sand in Pavement Quality demand of the mix is increased when finer Jarosite is used in partial replacement of natural sand. Due Concrete (PQC) to increase in water demand, higher water content is Jarosite is a waste material generated by the Zinc required for achieving the desired workability. But, metallurgical industries. It contains silica sand, it increases the water-cement ratio of the mix which

Fig. 47 : Variation of Compressive and Flexural Strength of PQC with Jarosite Content

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 37 Pavement Materials and Construction Technologies Pavement Engineering reduces both compressive and flexural strength of concrete. Figure shows the variation of compressive and flexural strength with Jarosite content of 10% (J-1), 20% (J-2), and 30% (J-3). Jarosite can be used in cement concrete only in small amount upto 20 percent of fine aggregate after some modifications in the mix so that workability and strength of the mix is not compromised. Field Trial of Basic Oxygen Furnace Steel Slag Aggregate on National/ State Highways and subsequent Performance Evaluation The scope of the project is to lay test sections with Basic Oxygen Furnace Steel Slag Aggregate and subsequent Performance Evaluation. Bituminous Fig. 49 : BBD Evaluation of Test Section Concrete overlay, 40 mm thick was laid on Dimna- Mango road with 100% Basic Oxygen Furnace Steel Effect of Rheological Characteristics of Slag Aggregate. GSB layer with 100% Basic Oxygen Furnace Steel Slag Aggregate was laid on NH 33 Fig. Bitumen on Foam and Resulting Mixes 48. Performance Evaluation of overlaid section using The increase of road infrastructure around BBD and Dip Stick was done in Nov, 2015 Fig. 49. the world and its impact on the environment Interim Findings: requires serious attention in building more sustainable pavement constructions. The quest for z Steel slag test section has no sign of early sustainability in pavement construction constitutes pavement distress a strong incentive towards the use of cold mix z Riding quality of steel slag test section asphalt technology worldwide. Foamed asphalt, as commensurate well with riding quality of an increasingly attractive cold asphalt mixture, is control section of natural aggregate. therefore becoming an important subject area for z Characteristic surface deflection in steel slag the study. It is reported that this mixture has been test section found less than the control section successfully implemented in many roads across the of natural aggregate. High layer stiffness of steel world especially in cold recycling. slag test section reduces load induce deflection The objective of the research project is to study in the pavement. the effect of binder rheology along with viscosity on foaming properties, which can lead to project clear picture of Foam Asphalt Mixture performance behaviour. The production process of foamed Bitumen is given in Fig. 50. Different grades of binders (VG10, 20, 30 and 50, along with low viscosity binder 500poise) were used for foaming. From results, it is concluded that a low viscosity bitumen consumes low energy during foam process compared to high viscosity bitumen. If a binder having 500 poise viscosity at 60°C temperature is used in place of VG 30 binder for foaming technology, foam can be produced at 40°C lower temperature showing huge saving of energy Fig. 48 : Test Section Laid with Steel Slag consumption and green house gases emissions.

38 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Pavement Materials and Construction Technologies

Hot Bitumen

Water Air

Foam Bitumen RAP Foamed Bitumen Fresh Aggregates

Cement (1%)

Fig. 50 : Production Process for Foamed Bitumen Mixes

Development of Specifications of Noise porous asphalt pavement in India for rainwater Absorbing Friction Courses in Rainwater harvesting was constructed at the Gandhi Nagar Harvesting for Indian Conditions Railway Station in Jaipur. Objective of the project is to design of mix for noise absorbing friction Water security is widely recognised as one of the courses to be useful for rainwater harvesting. major challenges to India’s economic and social (Fig. 51) development. The nation’s average annual rainfall is extremely abundant by global standards, yet much Construction of Rigid Pavement on Eastern of this rain falls in relatively brief deluges during Approach to the Signature Bridge at the monsoon and there is great disparity across Wazirabad, Delhi different regions. The combination of these climatic Delhi Tourism & Transportation Development conditions with a range of man-made pressures has Corporation Ltd. (DTTDC), under ‘Signature driven India’s farmers, households, and industry Bridge Project’ across River Yamuna in Delhi, has to increasingly depend on groundwater rather constructed rigid pavement on the Eastern Approach than surface water in rivers and lakes. But this to the bridge. The pavement has been constructed dependence is leading to a rapid and very worrying on newly constructed fly ash embankment of height deterioration in the nation’s groundwater resources, varying from 9-16 m. The length of six lane divided a deterioration that is underlined by current events. carriageway is 1.5 km. The quality assurance work The Ground Water Advisory Council on Artificial was carried out by the Institute. Recharge of the Ministry of Water Resources has suggested that there is a need to develop separate The scope of work included the checking of technologies for recharge specifically for urban drawings, vetting of construction methodology areas. Broadly there are two ways of harvesting through trial length construction of DLC and rainwater: PQC, random sampling of materials used at site, observation of deficiencies, if any, and suggestions (i) Surface runoff harvesting for the improvement of overall construction quality. (ii) Roof top rainwater harvesting Concrete laying was accomplished with slip form The porous asphalt pavement is used as alternative paver having facility of dowel bar and tie bar for rain water harvesting recently. The first ever insertion. Fig.52 (a & b)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 39 Pavement Materials and Construction Technologies Pavement Engineering

Fig. 51 : Noise Absorbing Friction Course for Rain Harvesting

Fig. 52(a) : Concrete Laying with Slip Form Paver Fig. 52 (b) : Concrete Curing with Wet Hessian Cloth

Re-surfacing and Widening of Runway, Taxi out by the Institute. The scope of work included Tracks, Dispersals and Conversion of ORA/ the random sampling of material used at site, joint SGA into Rigid Pavements inspection of site with CPWD and Air Force officers, identification of the problems and giving suggestions Central Public Works Department (CPWD), under for the remedial measures and improvement of the the project of re-surfacing and widening of runway, work. PQC was laid with slip form paver having taxi tracks, dispersals and conversion of ORA/SGA facility of dowel bar and tie bar insertion. Full depth into rigid pavements and rigid turn pads at Air Force cracking at corners of the laid PQC was observed Station, Hindon, have executed the work of laying at many locations due to mismatching of transverse Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC). The designed joints in the adjacent slabs of strips laid separately flexural strength of concrete was 4.4 MPa at 28 days. Fig.53. This construction practice got changed due Thickness of PQC was 335 mm on runway and 320 to the intervention of CRRI quality assurance team mm on other areas. Recron 3S fibres were also used and no such cracking was observed in rest of the in PQC. The quality assurance work was carried work.

40 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Pavement Materials and Construction Technologies

Fig. 53 : Cracking in PQC due to Mismatching of Transverse Saw Cut Joints

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 41 Road Asset Management Pavement Engineering

Detailed Investigations of Premature Institute, New Delhi to carry out a detailed pavement Pavement Failure at Various Locations on evaluation / investigation of main carriageway from Pali- Pindwara Section of NH- 14 in the State Pali to Pinwara to suggest remedial measures to overcome the problem. of Rajasthan The different teams of CSIR- CRRI were deployed The Pali- Pindwara section is a part of National in field in the month of January 2016 for collection Highway No. NH- 14 in the State of Rajasthan. of pavement deflection data, roughness data, axle The starting point of the project road is km 113/ load, classified traffic volume survey, distress and 000 just after junction of NH- 65 at Pali and end test pit investigation etc. on project road from Pali point is at existing km 244/ 120. It is a high density to Pindwara. Figs. 54 to 58 shows typical view of traffic corridor and has deteriorated severely at few various types of distressed occurred and various places just after the first rains in terms of surface field activities conducted on the project road during distress. Further, National Highway Authority of the course of investigation. India requested to CSIR- Central Road Research

Fig. 54 : Typical View of Ravelled Surface on the Project Road at Fig.55: Typical View of Cracked Surface on the Project Road at Km 134 Km 135

Fig. 56 : View of Extracting of Cores from Project Road

42 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Road Asset Management

Fig.57: Typical View for Measurement of Crust Thickness and Density of Subgrade Layer

Fig. 58 : Typical View of Installation of Portable Weigh-in Motion (WIM) System for Axle Load & Traffic Survey

The field and laboratory testing data have been Implementation of Microsurfacing Technology analysed. The draft report containing discussion on NDMC Roads under Riding Quality and inferences of the data/ results obtained and Improvement Programme (Phase- IV) conclusions drawn for arriving at the needed remedial measures have been prepared to cater In this project implementation of Microsurfacing the existing and projected traffic loads towards Technology has been done on thirty two roads falling improving the current condition of the project road. under the jurisdiction of New Delhi Municipal The final project report will be submitted to NHAI Council (NDMC), New Delhi. Microsurfacing as a by the end of May, 2016 renewal treatment was suggested by Institute after

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 43 Road Asset Management Pavement Engineering detailed evaluation of project roads by taking into work was taken up in different stretches of Bihta - consideration the structural capacity and traffic Sarmera road from 2012 to 2014 till termination of volume plying on these roads and the same was the contract in March 2014. Till March, 2014, DBM implemented by the user agency. The finished layers of 90 mm and 155 mm thickness, either in surface after implementation of Microsurfacing on one layer or in two layers was executed in different project roads are quite good as a renewal coat / layer stretches of the road. Further, BSRDC Ltd. Officials for urban arterial roads. The project was completed informed to CSIR- Central Road Research Institute, in December 2015. New Delhi that longitudinal cracks roughly within Investigation of Bihta – Sarmera Section of 1 m. distance from the edge on both sides are observed in DBM layers laid by the contractor in SH-78 in Bihar for Needed Remedial Measures 2012 (Fig. 59), though road sections have not been for already Constructed Pavement Layers opened to the traffic. Looking into the serious nature and Improvement Measures for the Ongoing of distresses on already laid DBM, the Officials of Construction in the Project Section BSRDC Ltd. requested CSIR-CRRI to investigate the reasons for development of longitudinal cracks and The Bihar State Road Development Corporation find out some suitable remedial measures and also Limited (BSRDC Ltd.) took up a road construction to suggest the improvement measures for ongoing project consisting of 2 lane highway with paved works to avoid such recurrences. Keeping these shoulders from Bihta to Sarmera of SH-78. The objectives in mind, CSIR-CRRI team conducted project is a green field road project under ADB loan detailed investigations during April 2016 on already assistance. The length of the section is approx. 100 constructed stretches of SH-78 in Patna and Nalanda Km extending partly in Patna and Nalanda districts districts. Fig. 60 shows view of excavation of test of Bihar. pit being made on project road. The laboratory BSRDC Ltd. informed to CSIR- Central Road characterization of materials retrieved from the site Research Institute, New Delhi that construction is in progress.

Fig. 59 : A view of Longitudinal Cracks appeared on DBM Layer

44 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Road Asset Management

Fig. 60 : A view of Test Pit being made on Project Road

The final report containing causes of failures and strengthening treatments required to improve upon remedial measures and also recommendations to their present condition. There three main roads, suggest the improvement measures for ongoing which are (i) Peripheral Road (ii) Road from Main works to avoid further failures will be submitted to Gate to Kendriya Vidhyalya No.1 and (iii) Road BSRDC Ltd. shortly. from Peripheral Road to Air Traffic Control to Dog Evaluation of Roads in Air - Force Station, Kennel to main road, have been included in the scope of project. The total length of all the three Hindon Campus at Mohan Nagar Ghaziabad project roads are about 20 kms and most of the roads for Needed Strengthening as Remedial are in general comprises of cars and less number of Measures commercial trucks. Hindon Air- Force Station is one of the Indian Air To meet the objectives of the assignment various Force base under the Western Air Command. It is activities were undertaken which includes (i) the biggest, largest and most important air base in Assessment of pavement surface condition of all the Asia and 8th in the world. The base is located project roads by visual inspections to find out the near Loni, Ghaziabad in the state of Uttar Pradesh extent of severity of various distress type developed in the National Capital Region on the outskirts of (ii) Benkelman Beam deflection tests (iii) Laboratory Delhi, close to the Hindan river. Executive Engineer, evaluation of subgarde soil retrieved through test Hindan Project Division, Central Public Works pits. Department, Hindan Air Force Station, Ghaziabad Fig. 61 shows typical view of exposed WBM base requested CSIR- CRRI to evaluate / assess the at Peripheral Road. Fig.62 shows Benkelman Beam existing condition of roads in the air force station, deflection measurements in progress on road section Hindan campus and to recommend the resurfacing / from ATC to Dog Kennel.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 45 Road Asset Management Pavement Engineering

Different types of data / results collected / observed / measured both in the field and in the laboratory have been analyzed and recommendations were made on remedial/ resurfacing treatments for improving upon the present condition of various project roads undertaken for evaluation in this assignment. Structural and Functional Evaluation of Roads in Gautam Budh Nagar District of Uttar Pradesh The project for structural and functional evaluation of two roads viz; (i) Main road starting from NH-24 (GNIDA Limits) to Gaur Chauraha (60m wide road, Fig. 61 : A view of Exposed WBM Base at Peripheral Road 3.1kms in length) and (ii) Gaur Chauraha to Sector Zeta - I (130m wide road, 17kms in length) with six lane flexible dual carriageway has been awarded by Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority to Institute in order to recommend remedial measures for strengthening and improvement of project road. The project road connect to NH-24 and Dadri Kasna road and presently having very high commercial traffic which is due to lot of construction activities along the project road, development of new sectors and other commercial activities around it. A variety of activities / tasks were carried out which includes (i) Traffic volume studies (ii) Axle load surveys (iii) Assessment of pavement surface condition through visual observations Fig. 62 : Benkelman Beam Deflection Test in Progress

Fig. 63 : A view of Traffic Volume Survey

46 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Pavement Engineering Road Asset Management

pavement, so that suitable recommendations on corrective measures for its improvement can be suggested. The following tasks/activities were undertaken in the field: The collected field and laboratory data have been analyzed and final report containing recommendations in the form of bituminous overlay has been recommended for strengthening and improvement of project roads after doing needed profile correction with Dense Bituminous Macadam.

Fig. 64 : A view of Axle Load Survey with Static Weigh Bridge A. Assessment of Odisha Road Network using Falling Weight Deflectometer and (iv) Benkelman Beam deflection measurements and Automated Road Survey System (v) Extraction of cores. Figs. 63 & 64 show typical The Works Department of Government of Odisha, has views of traffic volume and axle load survey on developed Odisha Road Asset Management System project roads. (ORAMS) for the Management of Odisha Road Under the field investigations with a view to assess Network and awarded the work for collection of the structural and functional condition of existing Road Inventory, Pavement Condition and Deflection

Fig. 65 : Measurements using Automated Road Survey System (ARSS) in progress

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 47 Road Asset Management Pavement Engineering

Data to CRRI using modern tools and technologies (Road Geometrics, GPS coordinates), Pavement on the selected road network of 8000 kms length, condition (International Roughness Index, Rut comprising of SH, MDR and ODR roads. Depth, Texture Depth, Cracking, Raveling, Potholes In order to accomplish the entire scope of the etc.) and FWD Deflection data for the selected road study Automated Road Survey System (ARSS) and network. Falling Weight Deflectometer have been used on Fig. 65 and Fig. 66 shows the field measurements the study network. The work has been successfully using ARSS and FWD systems respectively on the completed and the report include Road inventory project roads.

Fig. 66 : Measurements and Demonstration of Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) in progress

48 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Bridges and Structures

Development of High Early Strength High inferred from the test results that the nS-H.P.C offers Performance Concrete early hydration, with a C-S-H formation started 4-5 hours earlier than those of C.C and mS-H.P.C. Experimental Investigation on Structural A study of rate of development of compressive Properties of Nanosilica added High strength of the three concrete mixes (Fig. 67) Performance Concrete indicated that the rate of gain of compressive strength of nS-H.P.C was higher in the early ages as The objective of this study is to investigate the compared to that of C.C and mS-H.P.C effect of addition of nanosilica on the strength, durability and time dependant properties like creep A similar trend was observed with the variation of and shrinkage of cement concrete and, compare split tensile strength and the flexural strength of the the same vis-à-vis the microsilica added high concrete mixes, where nS-HPC developed a high early performance concrete. strength. The development of compressive strength and the split tensile strength were compared with In continuation of the work presented in the Annual the strength development models recommended in Report 2014-2015, the concrete test specimen of IRC 112 from which it was noted that the strength different sizes tested for strength, durability, time development of C.C conforms with that of IRC dependent properties and the structural behavior. model, however the model underestimates the The variation in temperature of concrete mixes made strength development of nS-HPC and mS-HPC. with nano-silica (nS-HPC), micro-silica (mS-HPC), Based on the experimental results, a modification and the reference concrete (C.C) during the first 24 to the IRC model was suggested to take into account hours was monitored with the help of embedded the highly reactive cementitious admixtures such as maturity sensors. It was observed that the nS-H.P.C nano-silica and micro-silica. The nS-H.P.C showed exhibited a peak rise in temperature at 16 hours higher rebar bond strength than that of C.C and mS- while the same was observed at 20 hours and 21 H.P.C. The results of durability tests such as water hours, respectively for C.C and mS-H.P.C. It was absorption, sorptivity test and chloride penetration

Fig. 67 : Compressive Strength of nS-HPA, mS-HPC and CC at Different Ages

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 51 Bridges and Structures test indicated the nS-HPC exhibited lower water However, the RCPT test indicated that the electric absorption (Fig. 68), lower sorptivity and lower charges (Coulombs) passed through nS-HPC was chloride penetration. marginally higher than that of mS-HPC. Also the concrete resistivity of nS-HPC was lower than that of mS-HPC. Testing of RCC beam (Fig 69) of the respective concrete mixes under flexural loading revealed that higher number of cracks has been developed at lower load (till 90 kN) in case of nS-H.P.C, followed by C.C and mS-H.P.C. But after 90 kN, the trend has been changed with higher number of cracks in mS-H.P.C, followed by C.C and nS-H.P.C. Though the number of cracks was more in nS-H.P.C, the observed crack width was lesser than that of the other two concretes. Both the H.P.C’s showed lesser crack width than C.C. The study of time-dependent properties such as shrinkage and creep of the test specimen made with the three concretes indicated that the drying shrinkage and creep (Fig. 70) of nS-H.P.C was higher than that of mS-H.P.C and C.C. This was attributed to the presence of higher amounts of gel water in the hydrated nS-HPC than that in mS-HPC and CC. Fig. 68 : Water Absorption of Concrete Mixes SEM analysis of the broken concrete specimen

Fig. 69 : Testing of RCC Beam made of nS-HPC under Flexural Loading

52 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Fig. 70: Variation of Creep Strain with Time indicated the compact microstructure of nS-HPC in cutting of joints on pavements would be delayed, etc. comparison to the other two concrete mixes. However, improvement in the properties of fresh It was concluded that the use of nS-HPC, which concrete such as workability, and long term strength can be synthesized, can be a useful and beneficial and durability properties of fly ash concrete, and cementitious admixture as compared to micro-silica high volume flyash concrete have been reported. was is generally imported. These benefits can become advantageous, if the early strength development of high volume fly ash Development of high early strength high volume concrete is adequately high. Keeping in view the fly ash concrete using ultrafine slag. The use of above, an attempt has been made to develop a high fly ash as cementitious admixture in concrete has volume fly ash concrete with high early strength. been very low. The commercially available fly ash blended cements contain about 25-28% fly ash, Therefore, this study has been initiated in while the recommended maximum amount is 35%. November 2015 with an objective to develop a high The production of high volume fly ash concrete early strength high volume fly ash concrete using (containing fly more than 50 % as cementitious ultrafine slag. material) has not taken of yet in construction of OPC 43 grade cement, flyash from Badarpur thermal structures. This has been attributed primarily to power plant, a commercially available ultrafine steel low strength at early ages particularly at 3 days slag, locally available coarse and fine aggregates and 7 days. A reasonably adequate strength at this were used in the study. The materials were first early age is essential from economics point view as characterized and then used. Mortar specimen the low early strength would delay the formwork of OPC with high volume fly ash and, OPC, high opening time and the initiation of further operation volume fly ash and the ultrafine slag mixes were on the constructed facility. More time is required made and tested for their compressive strength (Fig. to release the pre-tensioning of a precast concrete 71). A minimum fly ash content of 50 % was chosen member, if made with high volume flyash concrete; for the study.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 53 Bridges and Structures

Fig.71 : Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Mortar Cubes

It was observed that the ultrafine slag was able to improve the early strength of high volume fly ash + OPC mixes. Concrete mixes with above the proportions were cast and the testing was in progress at the time of reporting. Evaluation of efficiency of silane based water repellent coatings for concrete This study was initiated in February 2016 with an objective to evaluate the efficiency of silane based water repellent coatings for improvement of durability of concrete Two variants of isobutyltriethoxysilane based water repellent coatings were chosen for the study. One was a 100 % silane solution and the other was a same silane compound diluted to 40%. Concrete cube specimen of 40 MPa strength were prepared and cured or 28 days. The cubes were then oven dried and coated with the chosen variant of silane coating (Fig. 72). The coated concrete specimen were subjected to different tests such as water absorption, capillary water absorption, liquid water penetration, chloride penetration, alkali resistance and heating and drying. The testing was in progress at the time of reporting. Fig. 72 : Application of Silane Coating on the Dried Concrete Cubes

54 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Study of Fatigue of the Rail Fasteners used in It would be important to study the vibration Urban Track Induced by Vibrations pattern of fasteners using experimental tools. The sites specific force and response pattern makes The rail fasteners are used to hold the rails in it difficult to replicate process of generalizing position. The rail fasteners are in a complex behaviour of fasteners from other places or country. geometrical loop however are susceptible to fatigue The experimental study at the site has been carried loading due to cyclic stress caused by movement of out by obtaining strain and acceleration observed trains. One such study has been planned to observe over the surface of the fasteners under movement the behaviour of fasteners in DMRC run track in of trains Fig.74. New Delhi Fig.73.

Fig. 73 : The Rail Coach Plying on the Track of DMRC

Fig. 74 : Sensors attached to the Fastener

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 55 Bridges and Structures

The planned study acquires dynamic data of high vale e.g. 100 g are employed. Other sensors (acceleration and strain) continuous in time were foil type strain gauges. The equipments used domain and suitable for spectral monitoring. were SAMURAI make dynamic data system with The acceleration can provide vibration velocity software suitable for processing noise & vibration and displacement values via single and double data. Other instruments were OROS make dynamic integration of a signal from an accelerometer. data acquisition system having 32 channel Momentary and peak values are continuously capacity and wide frequency acquisition capability. calculated, as are the maximal, peak and effective Various software e.g. NVGATE were also used. values since the beginning of the measurement. In The Dewetron make 32 channels dynamic data addition, high- and low-pass filters are used with acquisition system was used for recording and selectable cut-off frequencies. This option satisfies analyzing strain gauge data. The time series of the requirements for a vibration severity meter acceleration as obtained on channel 11 is shown in according to the ISO 2954, ISO 7919 and ISO 10816 Fig 75 and its frequency contents using FFT analysis standards. The test system includes accelerometers in Figs. 76 and 77. The recorded strain plot is shown having low mass and capable to measure acceleration in Fig. 78.

Fig. 75 : Accelerometer Time Series on Inner Clip - Lateral Vibration (Acceleration vs Time in Sec)

Fig. 76 : Accelerometer Frequency Content on Inner Clip - Lateral Vibration (Spectral Value vs. Frequency in Hz)

56 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Fig. 77 : Processed data of Acceleration (Waterfall Representation)

Fig. 78 : Recorded Strain (Micro-Strain vs Time) on the Inner Clip (Gauge -1)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 57 Bridges and Structures

This offers opportunity to get insight of the substantially retains original strength and response of the fasteners under moving trains stiffness. Minor cracking and spalling of covers. and explanation of their observed behaviour. The (b) Moderate damage: Some residual strength and Bridge Engineering and Structures division and stiffness left and no out of plane failure, some Transportation Planning divisions have worked permanent drift together on the experimentation. (c) Severe damage: Little residual strength but load “Innovative Technologies for Health bearing columns functions. Large permanent Assessment and Damage Mitigation of drifts. Bridge is near collapse. Structures (I-HEAL)” 12th FYP Network Project (d) Complete damage: Structure loses its stiffness – ESC 0110 and columns collapse. Under the 12 Five Year Plan Project Task 5.6, The bridge studied is shown in Fig. 79. The bridge undertaken by CRRI, study of seismic vulnerability deck rests over a grid consisting of four columns assessment of typical urban bridges the following and beams. The vulnerability under possible have been accomplished. seismic event is shown in Fig. 80. Soil structure The assessment of vulnerabilities using a interaction is included in the study which helps deterministic approach based on nonlinear static to assess its effect on the response of the structure. analysis has been successfully achieved for the Vulnerability curves for the bridge under study have bridge structure. Considering the uncertainty in the been developed which gives discrete probability of seismic activity as well as the uncertainty in the failure under a design basis earthquake of magnitude capacity of the bridges, seismic fragility curves have 7 with PGA as 0.24g. From the fragility curves it is been developed. The fragility curves can be used as observed that the bridge shows a higher damage an input in risk and loss assessment. It also helps probability in longitudinal direction than in the an engineer to plan and prioritize maintenance transverse direction. From the vulnerability curves towards bridge management system. of the bridge (Fig. 80) it is observed that it has a 20% probability of slight damage as well as moderate Damage States of bridges can be summarized (FEMA damage under seismic activity of PGA =0.24. Only 356, ATC-40) as follows. 5% probability for severe or complete damage to the (a) Slight damage: No permanent drift, structure bridge may be expected.

Fig. 79 : A Schematic view of the Bridge as Modelled

58 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Fig. 80 : Vulnerability of the Bridge as Modelled (in Fig.79)

In another study, response of an urban bridge under liquefaction condition has been studied. It includes modeling of soil structure interaction under liquefaction and its effect on the vulnerability of bridges. For the study a typical mono-pier supported on piles has been studied. The pier foundation considered is of Yamuna alluvium on the bank of Agra canal in New Delhi. A comparative model study has been carried out to assess the effects of the liquefaction on response under seismic event. Fig. 81 : Cross Sections of Pier & Pile, Pile Cap (Pier and Pile are Fragility curves have been developed to assess the Circular, Pile Cap is Square) seismic performance of the pier. The consideration of the buckling approach of the design will help The vulnerability of the pier that is the probability of in better assessment and design of the piles in occurrence of a damage state is shown in Fig.82 for a liquefaction susceptible soils. normal sol condition and in Fig. 83 for liquefaction condition. Researchers have shown that the lateral spreading of the ground and bending of piles have been the main In the present study, the assessment of effect of reason of foundation failures under liquefaction liquefaction on a mono-pier has been successfully conditions of soils. Buckling of the piles due to achieved using pushover analysis. From the fragility liquefaction induced ground/soil flow has been curves it is observed that during earthquake attributed to the sudden failure of piles. A typical liquefaction may cause the mono-pier to undergo mono-pier located on the bank of Yamuna River excessive lateral deflection causing it to have in New Delhi stretch has been studied. The cross spalling of covers and cracks in the pile and pier. section of the pier, pile cap and pile has been shown The increased slenderness of the pile may cause in the Fig. 81. The soil stratification shows a great buckling of the piles. Therefore, it is suggested variation from hard rocks at a depth of 5m to fine to use proper soil improvement techniques and sand deposits up to 28 m within a radius of 2km. provide adequate cross section to the pile. It is also

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 59 Bridges and Structures

of zinc based sacrificial anode based cathodic protection method for repair of corroding RCC beam was initiated in August 2015. Reinforced concrete beams of size 150 x 200 x 2000 mm were cast (Fig. 84) using ordinary Portland cement of 43 grade and Tata TMT bars of 500 grade were used.

Fig.82 : Damage States for Non-Liquefied Condition

Fig. 84 : Cast RCC Beams

The cast RCC beams were cured under moist conditions for 28 days. The beams were thereafter were subjected to accelerated corrosion conditions by ponding method using 3 % NaCl solution (Fig. 85). The monitoring of corrosion of steel in RCC beams was done using Galvapulse.

Fig.83 : Damage States for Liquefied Condition

necessary to provide proper lateral reinforcement to counter act any kinematic moment generated due to liquefaction. Experimental Study on Repair of Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete Member through Sacrificial Anode Method-12th Plan Network Research Project

th Under the task 4.4 of 12 Five Year Plan Project Fig 85 : Exposing the RCC Beams to Accelerate Corrosion IHEAL, this study to investigate effectiveness Conditions

60 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

The cover concrete of RCC beam, cracked due The corrosion potentials were then measured (Fig. to corrosion of rebar, was removed, and the 90) from which it was observed that the electrode reinforcement was brush cleaned (Fig. 86). potential of steel started moving towards the positive direction after repair (Fig. 91), indicating that the steel bar is being protected by the zinc anode.

Fig 86 : Corroding RCC Beam after removing the Cover Concrete

Zinc metal plate of 8 mm thickness was procured Fig. 89 : RCC Beam after Repair with Concrete (bottom) from a local market, and the same was cut in to pieces of dimension 250 mm x 150 mm and a piece is shown in Fig. 87.

Fig. 87 : Zinc Metal Piece

5 pieces of zinc anode metal were attached to the corroding steel rebar and firmly tied (Fig. 88). The beam was then repaired with a 35 MPa concrete and the cured for 28 days (Fig. 89). Fig. 90 : Measurement of Corrosion Potentials

Fig 88 : RCC Beam after Fixing the Zinc Anodes (top)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 61 Bridges and Structures

Fig. 91 : Corrosion Potential before and after Repair

The beam is under further monitoring to study membrane is fully bonded with the concrete block the behaviour of steel reinforcement under the of 170x170 mm according to BD 47/99 as shown sacrificial cathodic protection. in Figs. 92 & 93. After bonding the waterproof membrane on the concrete block is first measured Durability of waterproofing membrane within the central 75 mm diameter test area at four During the year, the following tests have been separate locations using a template and re-measured performed to evaluate the durability of bonded the concrete block with membrane at the same four waterproofing membrane with the concrete block locations. Aggregate Indentation Test: This test is performed Aggregate indentation is simulated by a steel to simulate the compaction of loose aggregate into indentor in the shape of a truncated cone. The cone the system during normal site activities. The tests angle is 90°, the diameter at the truncation is 8 mm are conducted at three different temperatures i.e. and the diameter at the base not less than 25 mm as 40±2°C, 80± 3°C and 125±3°C. The waterproofing shown in the Figs. 94 (a) & 95 (a).

(a) (b)

Fig. 92 (a) & (b) : Showing the Procedure for Preparaing the Specimen for Aggregate Indendation Test, Chisel Impact Test and Chloride Ion Penetration Test

62 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

(a) (b) Fig. 93 : (a) & (b) Prepared Specimen for Tests

overall thickness is then measured at the same four locations. The samples after indentation are shown in Fig 93 (b). After this the chloride ion test shall be performed on these samples to see the affect of indentation on the waterproofing membrane. Aggregate Indentation Test at 80°C: This test has been performed at the same procedure as mentioned above for 40±2°C except that the temperature of the indentor is kept at 80°C and the indentor is stopped when the forces reaches to 500 N. After this the chloride ion test shall be performed on these samples Aggregate Indentation Test at 125°C: In this test the indentor, number of indentations, application (a) (b) Fig. 94 : (a) Specially Designed Temperature Control Chamber along with Indentor (b) PLC of the Chamber and the Indentor showing the Set Temperature

Aggregate Indentation Test at 40°C: The indentor is electrically heated at a temperature of 40±2°C and the samples shall have been preconditioned for at least 4 hours at the same temperature as shown in Fig 95 (a). The temperature of the chamber and the indentor is control by the PLC system as shown in Fig 94 (b). Indentation are made in the same four locations as the thickness measurements. Each indentation is made by driving the indentor into the membrane at a rate of 5 mm/min. Indentation is stopped when the applied force reaches to 1000 (a) (b) N and load is removed at the same rate. The sample Fig 95: (a) Aggregate Indention Test is under Progress (b) After is then conditioned for a minimum of 24 hours Aggregate Indention Test the Specimen is held under Saturated Sodium Chloride for 28 days to see the Effect of Indention on the at 23±2°C to allow the system to recover. The Specimen

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 63 Bridges and Structures

loads and procedure are the same as for the test hot asphalting mixture on the membrane. This test at 40±2°C except that the preconditioning shall shall be performed at three different temperatures be 50±3°C. The temperature controlled cabinet is -10±2°C, 23±2°C & 40±2°C respectively. The chisel maintained at 50±3°C and indentor is heated to a impact apparatus and the test specimen shall be constant temperature of 125±3°C. The chloride preconditioned at the respective temperatures for at ion test remains as for the test at 40±2°C. If the least 2 hours. A chisel impact apparatus consist of system fails to meet these criteria at 125±3°C but is a chisel head 20 mm wide with a 90°tip angle and satisfactory at 80±3°C and 40±2°C then Additional weigthing 1.0 kg as shown in Fig. 97. This chisel Protective Layer (APL) shall always be applied. is dropped from a height of 200 mm directly onto Tensile Adhesion Test: the central test area of the membrane as shown in Fig. 98 a. The chisel is guided through a linear This test is performed to evaluate the bond strength bearing inside a tube of low thermal conductivity. of the membrane to the concrete slab/block. For Five impacts are made within an area delineated this the waterproof membrane is fully bonded with by a circle of 75 mm diameter. After made the the concrete as shown in Fig 96 a. The test shall be impact on the membrane area, the chloride ion carried out in temperature controlled conditioned test is performed as shown in the Fig. 98b. For the at -10±2°C, 23±2°C & 40±2°C respectively. Three chloride ion test saturated sodium chloride is filled blocks have been used for each test. On each block in the glass tube and for 28 days as shown in Fig. an area of 100x100 mm of membrane is isolated by 98 b. After 28 days remove the membrane from the cutting down to the concrete without disturbance concrete block and take some powder with the help to the membrane. A steel plate of 100 x 100 mm in of profile grinder and performed a test for chloride bonded to this area with a suitable adhesive as shown ion test as shown in Figs. 99 a & b. in Fig 96 a & b. A suitable fixture has been designed by the bridges division to hold the concrete block as well as tensile pull off membrane at constant rate of 0.4±0.2 kN/sec. The test samples shall have been preconditioned at the above temperature for at least 2 hours. The stress at failure for each individual sample shall be not less than 0.3 N/mm² at -10±2°C & 23±2°C and not less than 0.2 N/mm² at 40±2°C. This test is carried out to evaluate the effect of sharp edge concrete during the rolling process of

(a) (b) Fig. 96 : (a) Adhesion Strength Test is under Progress at a Temperature of 23°C (b) at a Temperature of -10°C. Resistance to Fig. 97 : Chisel Impact Test is under Progress on the Bonded Chisel Impact Waterproof Membrane with the Concrete Blocks

64 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

(a) (b) Fig. 98 : (a) Showing the Specimen after Chisel Impact (b) After Chisel Impact the Specimen held under the Saturated Sodium Chloride for 28 days to Evaluate the Chloride %age

(a) (b)

Fig. 99 : Powder taken from the Concrete Block after Completing 28 days to Measure the %age of Chloride (b) Chloride ion Penetration Test is under Progress

Design and Development of Under Water waterline. Therefore, inspection of piers above Bridge Inspection Robot waterline and the portion immersed in water becomes very difficult due to non-accessibility and There are many existing bridges over rivers, canals, in most of the cases no regular inspection is carried creek and lake, catering road/ rail or road cum rail out. Though the underwater inspection using divers traffic. Most of the long span bridges are multi is widely accepted practice, this has limitations span bridges with number of concrete/masonry when the depth of water is 20m, 30m and 40m , the piers of different shapes. Many of the bridge piers Scuba diver can work for a duration of 20, 15 and are in water, for example Godavari Bowstring- Arch 10minutes respectively. Surface supplied air diving Bridge with total length of 2745m has 28 piers in is another option where divers can work only if water. In general, the accessibility of bridge piers is the velocity of water current is below 1.5 knots. very difficult, either one has to use mobile bridge Another difficulty with divers is that diving cannot inspection unit to reach pier cap and visually see be accomplished during flooding. When the water some portion of pier below pier cap or using a boat is muddy/ polluted, the health and safety of divers to access certain part of pier about 1.5m above is affected.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 65 Bridges and Structures

The selection of underwater inspection method Design of Bridges essentially depends on water depth, current velocity, Structural Analysis, Design and Drawings of underwater visibility, substructure configuration, streambed condition and debris. Therefore, Bridges considering the above aspects, it was decided to Structural analysis, design and drawings of several develop a robot for underwater inspection up to 80m bridges/subway/foot over bridge were undertaken depth, which can perform inspection for condition by CRRI. Details of some of the bridges are as given assessment of bridge pier. below (Fig. 101) :

Fig. 100 (a) shows the designed and fabricated lower z Two parallel single span 32m long three-lane assembly of the underwater bridge pier inspection carriageways PSC girder bridges at RD 29800, robotic system which consist of aluminium frame 37000, 42000 and 54520m of Gurgaon Canal, and four wheel assembly. Fig. 100 (b) shows the Faridabad electrical control panel to operate the robotic system z Two parallel single span 30m long two-lane in forward and reverse direction. carriageways PSC girder bridges at RD 9800 and 20780m of Gurgaon Canal, Faridabad

z 45m long pedestrian subway at Airforce Palam area, New Delhi

z 26m long single span foot over bridge over Palam road, Dwarka, New Delhi Design, drawings and estimate of these structures were prepared and submitted to the client. The construction of some of these bridges has already been completed. Creation of Test Facility for Bridge Expansion Joints at CRRI With the financial support of Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, facility for testing and Fig. 100 : (a) Fabricated Lower Assembly of the Underground Water evaluation of bridge expansion joints along with Bridge Pier Inspection Robotic System other related Testing Equipment/System is being created at CRRI.

Fig. 100 : (b) Electrical Panel for Operating the Robotic System Fig.101: Three-Dimensional Solid view of Foot Over Bridge

66 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Test Set up/ Equipment for conducting the following z Processing/Analysis of field investigation data tests on bridge expansion joints is being created: Based on the Laboratory & field Investigations z Cyclic Motion Test, Debris Expelling Test and scheme for repair/ rehabilitation was provided to Pull-out Test the client z Opening Movement Vibration (OMV) Test on A Two-lane eleven spans Krishak Setu of length Modular Bridge Expansion Joint 507 m long located on Burdwan- Arambag State z Seal Push-out (SPO) Test Highway over river Damodar at about 5 km from z Fatigue Test Burdwan as shown in Fig.102. The superstructure consists of three prestressed concrete (PSC) Detailed design and drawings of the above test longitudinal girders with RCC deck slab and setup/ equipment has been finalised and shortly eleven diaphragms supported over the elastomeric tenders are going to be invited. bearings. The substructure consists of RC solid Structural Condition Assessment of Bridges pier type resting on circular well foundation. Detailed field investigations i.e., visual inspection Detailed Investigations of Krishak Setu of bridge, random non-destructive testings (NDT) over River Damodar at 3rd km of Burdwan- and corrosion studies to determine the quality of Arambag Road, Burdwan (West Bengal) in-situ concrete and static load testing of span P2- P3 to determine the behavior of bridge under the The Project was sponsored by PWD Burdwan IRC class 70R wheeled loading were carried out to Division, Govt. of West Bengal suggest possible repair/ rehabilitation, if required. Fig.103 shows the usage of MBIU for ND testings. The detailed scope and objectives of the study are : Fig.104 shows the typical view of ND testing and z Field investigations load testing on bridge. z Visual inspection Findings z Random NDT testing The quality of concrete in the longitudinal girders, z Load testing of one span depending the cross-girders and deck slab falls in the range of M40, availability of dry bed M35 and M40, respectively, and the Ultrasonic pulse z Inspection of bearings velocity (UPV) test values revealing “Good” quality z Corrosion evaluation in reinforcement and in- of concrete in all the longitudinal girders and cross situ concrete girders of all the 11 spans. Under static IRC class

Fig. 102 : A General view of Krishak Setu

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 67 Bridges and Structures

Fig.103 : Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit (MBIU) in Position for Inspection & NDT of Bridge

Fig. 104 : Concrete Resistivity Testing and Static Load Testing of Span

70R wheeled loading, the span P2-P3 had behaved Major District Road (MDR). The Raft Foundation of elastically meeting the requirement of deflection the subject bridge was laid. under the applied load, percentage recovery As per the Client’s requirement, the objectives of on removal of load and no sign of development the project were defined as to determine the quality of cracking in concrete. Based on this test and of Concrete used in the already constructed Raft presuming the same degree of workmanship and Foundation in terms of Compressive Strength, quality of concrete, it can be deemed that the bridge Homogeneity, and Concrete Cover and to suggest is behaving elastically and satisfactorily under the suitable Rehabilitation Measures. loading. Provision of seismic restrainers, repair to well staining and other minor repair scheme(s) have Field measurements were taken using NDE been suggested. techniques. Concrete strength was estimated using Rebound Hammer and Core techniques. Homogeneity Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) of Quality of Concrete was determined using Ultrasonic Pulse of Concrete of Raft Foundation and to Suggest Velocity technique. Cover meter measurements Rehabilitation Measures for the Canal Bridge were also taken to determine the Concrete Cover on Khurja – Jewar Major District Road, provided to the steel reinforcement. Gautam Buddha Nagar (U.P.) The Rebound Number (RN), Ultrasonic Pulse This two lane under construction Bridge is located Velocity (UPV) values and the results of the Core on the Mant Brach Canal at km 21 on Khurja – Jewar Tests indicated that the overall quality of concrete

68 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures of the Raft Foundation was not satisfactory as per the relevant IS specifications and required rehabilitation. The design grade of concrete of the Raft Foundation was M25. The Raft Foundation required proper rehabilitation measures in terms of laying of Auxiliary RCC Raft Foundation of 415 mm thickness having the same reinforcement as that of the main Raft Foundation. The bond between old concrete and new concrete has to be ensured by first chipping out the concrete of existing Raft foundation upto a thickness of 35 mm followed by cleaning and applying proper bonding chemical followed by laying of new concrete of M25 grade (Figs. 105 to 111). Fig. 105 : A View of the Raft Foundation

Fig. 106 : Cover Meter Measurements Under Progress

Fig. 107 : NDT Measurements on the Raft Foundation

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 69 Bridges and Structures

Fig. 108 : Core Cutting under Progress Fig.110 : Core Testing in progress

Fig.109 : Concrete Core Samples

70 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Fig.111 (a) : Testing of samples

Fig.111 (b) : Tesing of samples in progress

Fig.111 (c) Fig.111 (a), (b) & (c) : UPV Testing on Core

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 71 Bridges and Structures

Collection and Analysis of Bridge Condition at the various sites on the National Highways in & Inventory Data by MBIU for the Purpose of the Jharkhand State. The scope of work comprises the Major/Minor Bridges on all NHs Including of following: those with NHAI for a Period of Three Years z Collection & inventory of data and condition rating of bridges for Jharkhand State z Up-keeping of MBIU Collection and analysis of bridge condition & z Analysis of bridges for ODC/OWC inventory data for Jharkhand State has been awarded By the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways to z Six sets of data collection, inventory and the Joint venture of ICT Pvt. Ltd and CSIR- CRRI condition rating of all bridges at an interval of New Delhi. The work requires continuous use of six months Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit (MBIU) developed Inspection of one of the flyover through MBIU at by CSIR-CRRI New Delhi to inspect bridges, flyover Ranchi is shown in Figs. 112 & 113.

Fig. 112 : A view of MBIU during Unfolding of Arms at Ranchi Flyover

Fig. 113 : A view of MBIU during Inspection of Ranchi Flyover

72 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Quality Assurance of Construction of completed. Construction of the remaining structures structures of Inner Ring Road from Kuberpur could not be taken up due to issues related to land to Fatehabad Road, Agra acquisition. On the request of Agra Development Authority, CRRI team has guided Engineers of Agra Development Agra, the work of quality assurance of structures Authority in quality assurance work and performed of six-lane Inner Ring Road from Kuberpur to random sampling of ingredients of concrete such as Fatehabad road in Agra, linking Yamuna expressway cement, coarse aggregates, fine aggregates and steel with Taj Mahal monument, has been taken up. Total reinforcement and then their testing, workmanship length of the elevated road is about 11 kM which and method, verification of concrete mixes, non- is being constructed on soil embankment. In this destructive testing on completed portions of the ring road work, total 36 numbers of structures are structures and prepared reports. Suggestions were being constructed which include one flyover, eight also given to the client/contractor to improve the vehicular underpass, two pedestrian underpass, quality of the construction. Besides this, CRRI also fifteen box culverts, five pipe culverts and one drain. helped in solving the site specific issues during Out of the 36 numbers of structures, construction construction of foundation, abutments and super of more than 90% of the structures has been structures (Figs. 114 to 116).

(a) (b) Fig.114 (a) & (b) : VUP during Construction

(a) (b) Fig.115 (a) & (b) : VUP after Construction

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 73 Bridges and Structures

(a) (b) Fig.116 (a) & (b) : Box Culvert

Assurance of Quality Construction of Salient Feature of the Project are given below: Comprehensive Development of Corridor of Elevated Road on Outer Ring Road Mangolpuri Project Length : 4400 m to Mukarba Chowk Total Length and Width Public Works Department (PWD), Delhi entrusted of Elevated Corridor : 2555 m and 24.2 m the task of quality assurance for two packages Superstructure type at namely (i) Mangolpuri to Madhuban Chowk and Elevated- Spine Beam : Typical Span 3 x 36.0m (ii) Madhuban Chowk to Mukarba Chowk. The Substructure type at : Elevated- Single Pier elevated structure has successfully been completed foundation with a group of piles. and is in use. Salient features of the projects for the stretch between Mangolpuri to Madhuban Chowk is as under (Figs. 117 to 119).

Fig.117 : Constructed Deck with Crash Barrier Fig.118 : A view from Beneath of the Completed Elevated Road

74 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Bridges and Structures

Fig. 119 : A view from Top of the Completed Elevated Road

Project Monitoring and Quality Assurance of Ghaziabad) – P1 – P2 – P3 – P4 – P5 – P6 – P7 – Construction of Three Lane Grade Separator A2 (Hindon River Bridge located towards the Delhi (with Approach Road) on NH-58 Located at End) Meerut Tiraha, Ghaziabad Span A1 – P1: 31.250 m, P1 – P2: 31.300 m, P2 – P3: 31.300 m; P3 – P4: 31.300 m, P4 – P5: 40.000 m, This Grade Separator has a total length of 400.000 P5 – P6: 31.300 m, P6 – P7: 31.300 m, P7 – A2: m, out of which the viaduct portion is of 259.000 31.250 m m length and the Approach Roads having the Reinforced Earth (R.E.) and Retaining Wall portion Superstructure of the Span P4 – P5 is of Cast in- towards Delhi End has a length of 130 m whereas Situ Single Cell Box Girder Configuration whereas on Ghaziabad End, the length of Reinforced Earth Superstructures of the other Spans is of Pre-Cast (R.E.) and Retaining Wall portion 106 m. The Span PSC Girders and Cast in-Situ Deck Slab Type (c/c of Expansion Joint) arrangement is as follows. Configuration. All the spans are simply supported spans having POT cum PTFE Type Bearings. The Grade Separator starts near the Mahamaya Stadium located towards the Ghaziabad End and Scope of Work: ends near the Hindon River Bridge located towards • Project Monitoring of 3 Lane Grade Separator the Delhi End. Accordingly, the Nomenclature for during its construction Abutment / Pier Arrangement is as follows (Figs. • Checking of Quality of various ingredients 120 to 122). of construction materials such as concrete, A1 (Mahamaya Stadium End located towards the approaches to the bridge etc. and conducting

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 75 Bridges and Structures

necessary tests on these materials at CRRI Laboratory / site. • Checking of Steel Reinforcement Detailing before Concreting both in Substructure as well as Superstructure. • Verification of Concrete Mix Design provided by GDA • Assessment of Workability of Fresh Concrete • Assessment of Concrete in hardened state. • Assessment of in-situ concrete strength • Assessment of quality and uniformity of concrete • Assessment of quality of construction for durability of the structure. • Guiding the contractor in setting of a site laboratory • Submission of Reports

Fig.121 : Pile Testing

Fig. 120 : Concreting at Deck Slab Fig.122 : Concreting at Deck Slab

76 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Instrumentation Instrumentation

Calibration of Automatic Road Unevenness Repair & Maintenance Work Recorder (ARUR) 1. Management of Communication facilities Automatic Road Unevenness Recorder (ARUR) • 256 line EPABX Telephone Exchange units, comprising both Car Axle Mounted Bump Integrator and Fifth Wheel Bump Integrator (Fig. • DRRI Office Siemens Exchange 123), received from different manufacturers and • Operation & Maintenance of Internal user agencies, were calibrated using Dipstick Telephone Lines Class-I equipment. Roughness measurements, using Dipstick and the response type roughness measuring • Public Address Systems device, were undertaken on a number of selected test 2. Repair & Maintenance sections having varying roughness levels (Excellent to very poor). Roughness is corelated to determine • 150 Nos. of 500 VA Offline UPS for the Corrected/ calibrated roughness. Calibration Computer Systems NGPBS/ Uniline/ certificate is issued to those agencies. Samtek, 1/2/3/5 KVA UPS and other R & Calibration of R&D Equipments : D Equipments CSIR-CRRI is ISO-9001:2008 certified R & D • Dipstick institution. Calibration of measuring equipments is • Network Survey Vehicle an essential requirement for taking measurement/ test values/ test results. The calibration of various • Disposal of Nucleonic Devices is in R&D equipments such as Proving Rings, Load Cells, progress. Dial Gauges, Weighing Balance, Thermometers, Universal Testing Machines have been carried out Patents Filed : as per the requirement of Geotechnical, Bridges, Patent on “ A device for Road Condition Evaluation” Flexible and Rigid Pavement Divisions of CSIR- by Y. C. Tewari, Renu Chadha, R. P. Saini and V. P. CRRI. Sharma has been filed in Feb 2016 Fig. 124.

Fig.123 : Automatic Road Unevenness Recorder (ARUR) Fig.124 : A Device for Road Condition Evaluation

78 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & z Traffic Engineering and Road Transportation Safety

Planning z Environmental Science

z Transportation Planning

Traffic & Transportation Planning Traffic Engineering and Road Safety

Managing Traffic Congestion with GIS highest road density of 1284 km/ 100 sq.km.of area. In the present study five locations were selected Geographic Information System (GIS) over the years in south Delhi area, the locations are shown in the has emerged as one of the efficient technological Fig. 125. tools in the field of transportation engineering. In this study, the capabilities of GIS have been extensively used to identify various roadside friction points that impact the speed of the vehicle on some of the urban arterials in Delhi. In this regard, the speed of every vehicle is almost impossible to track on a roadway using the conventional methods; and hence, there is a need to deploy modern technology like Global Positioning System (GPS) for tracing the speed of vehicles. Consequently, the average speed is deduced based on the sample of vehicles traversing over the defined trap length spread over a period of time or area. There are various influencing factors that affect the speed of vehicles on the road, such as width of road, structure of the road, construction work on roads (e.g. work undertaken for Metro Rail construction), various land uses that attract motorized / pedestrian Fig. 125 : Map Indicating the Road Segments on Delhi Map traffic bound to hospitals, institutional, commercial area, etc. Mapping out these factors using GIS The five locations are listed below: capabilities can help in the assessment and management of traffic congestion. z Ashoka Road In the study, an attempt has been made to assess the z Lodhi Road influence of roadside friction location on varying z Delhi Cantonment widths of carriageways in Delhi region. In this z Munirka To Vasant Kunj regard, quantification was done for each friction point and its influence on the traffic speed. z IIT Delhi To Mehrauli At 1749 km of road length per 100 km², Delhi has Friction factors are defined as all those actions related one of the highest road densities in India. Major to the activities taking place by the side of the road roadways include the Ring Road and the Outer and sometimes within the travelled way (like bus Ring Road, which had a traffic density of 110,000 stops, unauthorized parking), which interfere with vehicles per day in 2001. Total road length of Delhi the traffic flow on the travelled way. They include but is about 32,500 km including 388 km of National not limited to pedestrians, bicycles, non-motorized Highways. Owing to improper development of rail vehicles, parked and stopping vehicles, bus stops, based modes in Delhi, the city is heavily dependent petrol pumps on the side roads, etc. These factors on road based modes of transportation (93 per cent are normally very frequent in densely populated of the total trips performed in the city are made areas in the developing economies. In this study, using road based transport systems). As result of initially friction point locations were identified on this, the road length within the city has undergone the selected road corridors and subsequently the a growth of 4.53 per cent per annum, from a mere influence of these factors on traffic performance 8380 km in 1981 to as high as 20,487 km by 1990, measures were assessed. Google Earth was used to which at present (2013) stands at a total of 32,487 demarcate the identified road side friction points on km, the highest in the country. The city also has the the study corridors.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 81 Traffic Engineering and Road Safety Traffic & Transportation Planning

The following observations are made based on the evening peak hour traffic period whereas the results obtained : bus stop friction is almost active for entire day. z The average speed after considering all the z The influence of the friction points on the traffic runs, using the performance box data were speed shows that the influence of the bus stops as follows: Lodhi Road 18.09 km/hr, Ashoka is up to 93.96% (on the IIT Delhi segment of the Road 19.36 km/hr, IIT to Mehrauli 15.75 km/hr, Mehrauli Road). Delhi Cantonment area is 17.96 km/hr and the z The impacts of the pedestrian crossing roads maximum speed was recorded for the Munirka and parking of vehicles on the roads would have segment (friction point free segment ) is 22.38 a negative influence on speed varying from 19% km/hr. All the road mentioned are arterials to 64% whereas the.bus stops located without roads, the speeds on these roads are expected the proper provision of bus bays would reduce more or less same, but due to the friction points the speed of the vehicle to the tune of 24% to prevailing on the corridors, it is influencing 43%. the speed reduction. The speed reduction observed on Lodhi Road was 52.13%, Ashoka Study of Driver Speed and Performance under Road 59.71%, IIT to Mehrauli 77.19% Delhi High Work Load Situations Cantonment area.36% when compared with the The main objectives of the study were: to study Munirka to Vasant Kunj section which is devoid the driver’s average speed and crashing frequency of roadside friction (Fig.126). under simulated driving scenarios and the driver’s z All the friction points do not remain active for Coping Behaviour and reaction time under high entire day. The activation times are different stress conditions. for each point. The jay walking resorted by In this study, 119 drivers were selected for the the pedestrians to cross the road is observed to test. These drivers were administered different be more pronounced during the morning and simulated driving conditions with the help of Car

Fig.126 : Temporal variation of segment speed observed on Delhi Cant corridor

82 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Traffic Engineering and Road Safety

Fig.127 : Car Driving Simulator

Driving Simulator installed at CSIR – CRRI Fig. 127. Effect of bypass road on Traffic and Habitants The performance characteristics of these drivers along Highways were recorded during the above experimentation The main objectives of the study were as follows: process and analyzed accordingly. Out of the above lot of drivers, 35 drivers were subjected to • To identify the performance parameters of the determination tests using Vienna Test System growth of urban sprawl along the National (VTS). The crash frequency (i.e. the total number Highway passing through Khatauli Fig.128. of crashes on the simulator) committed by these drivers in the earlier mentioned driving simulator • To understand the Traffic Characteristics and test were correlated with the Vienna Test System accessibility Parameters of the study area (VTS). The VTS test results also highlighted on the • To understand the changes along Highway due following aspects namely, i.e. correct, incorrect, to bypass road with temporal data omitted and delayed responses of drivers for the oncoming stimuli. This study concluded that the Major Findings: number of crashes is directly correlated with the Economic and Travel Impacts of Bypass performance of drivers in the Vienna Test System. Roads It was found that the drivers with no crash history showed a considerably reduced amount violations The bypass road has significantly affected the town and driving errors when compared to drivers with in all areas examined: the number and severity one or more crash frequencies. From this study, of crashes, vehicle distribution within the town it can be inferred that driver performance can boundaries, land prices in different neighbourhoods be validated by considering crash history of the within the town, spatial distribution of business concerned subjects during the driving simulator. activities and land uses (including agriculture). Based on the outcome derived in the present study, Different sub-areas within the town were affected it is strongly recommended that subjects applying by the bypass road differently and in some cases in for licenses shall be trained in Driving Simulator contradictory directions (e.g. road crashes and land before subjecting them field trials for the issuance prices). This implies that the effects of the bypass of license. This study also concludes that the drivers road need to be taken into consideration, in addition who were under stress performed poor and did to efficiency considerations. more crashes. This means that the driver who can A notable finding is the adverse effect upon the town adapt better under Driving Simulator or challenges from the bypass construction on the development can drive better as compared to those drivers who of local businesses and on the commercial activities becomes anxious or stressed during challenging alongside the previous traffic artery. However, driving environment. traffic crashes within the town reduced following

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 83 Traffic Engineering and Road Safety Traffic & Transportation Planning

Fig.128 : Map Showing National Highway passing through Khatauli the construction of the roads, possibly due to the the combination of improved accessibility and reduction in traffic since 71% of the total traffic has improved local traffic conditions. Travel time diverted towards bypass road. has reduced from 12-13 minutes to 6-7 minutes after the construction of bypass road. Various habitants and shopkeepers perception have been included through personal interviews z Greater accessibility to the region from nearby to examine the economic and travel impacts after job centers also supports growth. Since traffic bypass construction and also utilized observable non has distributed in 71% and 29% on bypass and crash traffic events to suggest preventive measures through road after the construction of bypass to reduce crashes on bypass road. The following road, delay and congestion has drastically conclusions may be drawn from the study: reduced. Now, after construction of bypass road, the travel time on through road and bypass road z Towns often opt for bypasses when heavy traffic is almost same. Average travel time on bypass makes them places to avoid or places that are road was 6.9 min by covering 9.2 km with average unsafe. Bypasses do seem to reduce through speed of 80km/hr, similarly, average travel time traffic and help make places more attractive on highway passing through Khatauli was 6.84 to investors and customers. In Khatauli case, min by covering 6.5km with average speed of however, traffic safety worsened on bypass road 57km/hr. due to high speed traffic for first 6 months and later reduced. z However, when bypass connections are to the town’s periphery, the new accessibility thus z When bypass connections offer direct access provided can help spawn new commercial to downtown, downtown is strengthened by centers there that may compete with downtown

84 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Traffic Engineering and Road Safety

merchants and reduce their market share – a stretch reduced significantly with the ambulance fact that was not fully appreciated in advance facility, number of overall crashes increases with by local officials and merchants. Business at vehicle population in the same period. Major share Highway passing through Khatauli town has of causes of crashes are faults of driver/ other driver/ reduced and many Hotels (Cheetal), restaurants, cyclist/ pedestrians/ passengers which constituted petrol pumps, educational institutions, factories 40.7% followed by over-speeding constituted by and other businesses have shifted to bypass 22.3% and vehicle out of control constituted 6.2% road which were depending on commuters have of all causes of crashes. It was observed through shifted on bypass road. interviews with different stakeholders - residents, Safety Measures business owners and government officials that they cross the bypass road for agriculture purpose, for Khatauli bypass serves as a lifeline to the hilly area of market or the bus stop. There is no provision for Uttaranchal. An crash trends on the stretch shows a them to cross the bypass road. significant impact of traffic on bypass road. The total Traffic composition shows that car has the major number of fatal crashes as well as related fatality share in total traffic counts (60%) and it also has the on bypass is quite high. The following conclusions major involvement in crashes i.e. 52%. However, in have been drawn from crash analysis: Crash trends case of bicyclist and pedestrians; it can be observed on the stretch shows a significant impact of traffic that its share in total traffic volume count is not on bypass road. As per FIRs, crash severity is 43 even 1 percent but they are involved in 4% crashes. persons killed per 100 crashes whereas as per toll This is a major concern pedestrian and bicyclists plaza data 8 persons killed per 100 crashes. It may are not actual users of the highway but must be be for the reason that most of the fatal crashes victim crossing the highway and therefore demand a safe contacts to police station compared to other crashes infrastructure provision for road crossings. In type as this also a requirement of insurance related of crashes, rear end collision was found to be the process. Crash rate is as high as 95 crashes per highest constituting 34.8% of all the total reported month on bypass road and rate of animal killed is crashes followed by side wipe constituting 10.0%, 23 animals killed per month though fatalities have overturning constituting 9.6%, skidding 6.1% and reduced after 6 months of construction of bypass head on collision 5.6%. This could be due to higher road. Crash severity index shows decreasing trend speed of vehicles and higher volume of traffic on depicts that despite considerable amount of increase bypass and when the vehicles try to overtake the in vehicles in one year, fatality rate has decreased other vehicles; they cause side wipe or rear end with time. This may be due to the help provided collision. Head on collision may be when slow by ambulance/crane/police van to the victims. It moving vehicles or pedestrians cross the bypass road. is observed that among all categories of vehicles, This suggests that an exhaustive Road Safety Audit car/jeep (36.9%) and trucks (12.6%) comprised the should be undertaken in the future to investigate highest number of involvement in crashes. They the possible causes to reduce road crashes in order share the maximum percentage of traffic though to find appropriate remedial measures: it was observed that pedestrians/cyclists are most vulnerable. It was observed through interviews • If it is found that bypass road with a horizontal with different stakeholders — residents, business curve is experiencing high frequency of crashes owners, and government officials that they cross the then some kind of warning message sign or bypass road for agriculture purpose, for market or smoothening of the curve may be adopted. the bus stop. There is no provision for them to cross Though warning messages delivered to the the bypass road. There was a substantial increase drivers through Variable Message Signs might in rate of crashes from 6385 to 18133 per 10000 km not have a desired impact. of road length in one year whereas crash fatality • Vehicular underpasses should be provided rate showing no clear trend. It may be noted here across the bypass roads since bypass road was that although the number of crash deaths on this carrying an average daily traffic of more than

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 85 Traffic Engineering and Road Safety Traffic & Transportation Planning

5000 Passenger Car Units (PCUs) on the date of of this research envisages to study the nationwide inviting bids. characteristics of road traffic and to develop a • Pedestrian underpass/ overpass should also be manual for determining the capacity and Level of provided since it is within a distance of 200 m Service (LoS) for varying types of interurban roads from a school or hospital or factory/ industrial and urban roads separately by including controlled area. intersections i.e. signals and roundabouts and uncontrolled intersections coupled with addressing • Traffic calming and speed humps may be the capacity of various forms of pedestrian facilities adopted wherever under/ overpasses cannot be existing on the relevant type of roads. To accomplish provided since pedestrians and non motorized the stated goal, the study aims at analyzing the users are the most vulnerable road users. characteristics of the heterogeneous traffic flow • Shared schemes may be implemented which as shown in Figure 129 to identify appropriate gives ownership of the road space and equal distributions of the various variables influencing priority to all road users, regardless of mode of the traffic stream characteristics by examining the use traffic flow characteristics through extensive field data collection and analysis. • Pedestrian barriers may be provided to prevent pedestrians crossing dangerous locations Outcomes: • Identification of the performance parameters of growth and extent of ribbon sprawl along the National Highway • Understanding of Traffic Characteristics and accessibility Parameters of the study area. • Identification of change in Highway traffic and habitants along Highway due to bypass road in terms of speed, time, delay and safety. Fig.129 : Typical Heterogeneous Traffic Flow Conditions on Indian Development of Indian Highway Capacity Roads Manual (INDO - HCM) This article describes the study undertaken by (Sponsored by Council of Scientific and Industrial the CSIR - CRRI at the national level to develop Research, New Delhi) the Indian Highway Capacity Manual (henceforth referred to as ‘Indo-HCM’). Indo-HCM is being Introduction executed by CSIR - CRRI in coordination with some The main hypothesis behind conceiving the project is of the reputed academic institutes in the country that Indian traffic characteristics are fundamentally which includes, Indian Institute of Technology different from those in the developed countries (Roorkee), Indian Institute of Technology (Bombay and even the driver behaviour is vastly different ), Indian Institute of Technology (Guwahati), from even the developing economies like China School of Planning and Architecture (Delhi), Sardar and Indonesia. Consequently, the development of Vallabhai Patel National Institute of Technology, Indian Highway Capacity Manual (Indo-HCM) has (Surat), Indian Institute of Engineering & Science been undertaken on priority in the form of a mission University (IIEST), Shibpur, (Howrah) and Anna mode project by considering the various categories of University (Chennai). This article briefly describes Indian roads like Expressways, National Highways the above research endeavour by elaborating on (NHs), State Highways (SHs), Major District study methodology for capacity estimation, Level of Roads (MDRs), Other District Roads (ODRs) and Service (LoS) and the associated study deliverables Urban Roads (UR) separately. The principal goal of varying types of Indian road facility.

86 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Traffic Engineering and Road Safety

PROJECT DELIVERABLES The developed manual is a practical tool for the practicing engineers and planners to mitigate the The tangible year-wise outputs derived from this traffic and infrastructural problems as the models mission mode project during the five year period developed in this study would have been calibrated (2012 - 17) are listed below: and validated for Indian traffic conditions. • A State-of-the Art Report (SoAR) prepared at As an outcome of the above research, a draft Manual the end of 2013 highlighting the salient aspects has been prepared based on the extensive field of nationwide characteristics of highway studies carried out covering the length and breadth traffic, operation and control. of the country. The manual outlines the evolved • Generation and Updation of the Traffic capacity and Level of Service (LoS) of varying types Database and Traffic Flow Characteristics for of roadway facilities and the procedure towards their Indian roads during the period 2013 - 14. estimation dealt under the following chapters: • Development of Speed - Density - Volume Chapter 1: Basic Concepts relationships for a wide range of roadway and Chapter 2: Two Lane, Intermediate and Single Lane traffic conditions in India during the period Carriageways 2014-15. Chapter 3: Multilane Interurban Highways • Procedure for determining the Operational Efficiencies of different categories of Indian Chapter 4: Interurban and Urban Expressways roads including intersections with all possible Chapter 5: Urban Roads combinations of geometry and operating Chapter 6: Signal Controlled Intersections conditions evaluated during the period 2015- 16. Chapter 7: Roundabouts Chapter 8: Uncontrolled Intersections • Guidelines for the estimation of roadway capacity and LoS estimation of different Chapter 9: Pedestrian Facility categories of roads and intersections including Chapter10: Reliability as a Performance Measure for various forms of pedestrian facilities during Interurban and Urban Arterials the year 2016-17. Further, efforts would be The study findings would be discussed in the undertaken for the revision of existing Indian forthcoming national dissemination workshop Roads Congress (IRC) Codes like IRC-64 (1990), scheduled as part of the above project by CSIR- IRC-106 (1990), IRC-103, IRC:65 (1975), IRC: CRRI. IRC:SP-30 (2009) and also evolving new guidelines for expressways targeted in 2017. CONCLUSIONS To monitor the progress of the study, National Review Indian Highway Capacity Manual has been Workshops was held every year to discuss and firm developed by CSIR-CRRI, in coordination with up the emerging study results. This encompassed the seven leading institutes in India in this area. 4 review workshops titled, Review workshop of The manual is organized as basic concepts as first Indian Highway CApacity Manual- (RIHCAM2014) chapter, uninterrupted flows chapters are , Single, organised by CSIR-CRRI in coordination with various intermediate and two lane, interrupted flows RCs at their respective institutions. Moreover, 8 Task chapters are urban roads, signalized intersections, Force Committees (TFC) have been held to review roundabouts, unsignalized intersections, as the incremental progress on half yearly basis. The specific areas pedestrian facility, and reliability of progress made by each RC as well as WP leaders of road network. This is a maiden attempt made in CSIR - CRRI was critically reviewed and strategies India which is very much useful to the practicing were discussed for timely accomplishments of the engineers and decision makers and serve as a basic tasks during the ‘Way Forward’ Session of each of guide towards capacity augmentation of various the RIHCAMs. facilities in India.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 87 Environmental Science Traffic & Transportation Planning

Study of Benzene and VOCs in Different was highest at petrol pump 3.5 μg/m3 however at all Corridors of Delhi other sampling sites it was in the range of 0.294 to 0.712 μg/m3. The mean concentration value shows Under this study, spatial and seasonal variations of that the Xylene concentration dominates more in Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) Delhi as compared to Benzene. were measured at different locations in Delhi. Passive based (activated charcoal) sampling methodology The highest concentration of most VOC species in was adopted for the collection of Volatile Organic terms of maximum and mean concentration was Compounds (VOCs) and the analysis was carried out found at the fuelling stations. The total average using GC-FID instrument. Four different categories BTXE concentration at road side corridors was 3 for the purpose of sampling sites were chosen 0.594 μg/m ; at residential corridors was 0.262 μg/ 3 3 (residential, traffic junctions, road side corridors and m ; at traffic intersections it was 0.649 μg/m ; and 3 petrol pumps). The sampling was done for one week at petrol filling stations it was 1.457 μg/m (Table 6). time in the month of Oct 2013, Nov 2013, Jan 2014, The concentration was in the order of petrol filling Feb 2014, March 2014 and May 2014. At residential stations> intersections>road side corridors> sites i.e. in NPL Colony, Kalkaji and CSIR Scientist residential area. Apartment, Benzene was found to be in the range Figure 130 show the predominance of Xylene at almost of 0.334-0.500 μg/m3; Toluene in the range of 0.149- all the locations. The influential VOC species in case 0.407 μg/m3; Xylene in the range of 0 to 1.232 μg/m3; of diesel engine exhaust are benzene, ethylbenzene, and Ethyl benzene in the range of 0 to 0.101 μg/m3. xylene, propane, n-decane and undecane. In case of At traffic intersections near Ashram, Patel Chowk gasoline vehicle exhaust, the influential species are and Ring Road Patel Chowk (this location was about benzene, ethylbenzene, 1,2,4-methylbenzene, 1,3,5- 200 to 300 meter away from the main intersection), methylbenzene, n-hexane and 2-methylhexane. So, Benzene was in the range of 0.395 to 0.572 μg/m3; Xylene is mainly coming from diesel exhaust since Toluene was in the range of 0.244 to 0.348 μg/m3; gasoline vehicle exhaust doesn’t show this specie. Xylene was in the range of 1.950 and 2.059 μg/m3; Source apportionment study using chemical mass and Ethyl benzene from 0 to 0.089 μg/m3. The mean balance (CMB) model indicate that emissions from concentration of BTXE at all the locations was 0.622 diesel internal combustion engines dominate in μg/m3, 0.361 μg/m3, and 1.037 μg/m3 and 0.122 μg/m3 Delhi. This data shows the predominance of diesel respectively. The average concentration of benzene driven vehicles in Delhi.

Fig. 130 : Variation of BTEX for Different Categories of sampling

88 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Environmental Science

Table 6: Average BTEX Concentration at Various Corridors of Delhi

Benzene Toluene Xylene Ethylbenzene BTXE (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3)

Road side corridors 0.398 0.136 1.713 0.128 0.594

Residence 0.438 0.270 0.308 0.031 0.262

Intersections 0.478 0.293 1.797 0.030 0.649

Petrol filling station 1.922 1.173 1.866 0.868 1.457

Noise Mapping Study for Thiruvananthapuram, carried out at 19 section of different corridor in Kerala Thiruvananthapuram city as shown in Fig.131. This study is sponsored by Kerela State Pollution Based on the estimated traffic loads, the Control Board. The study includes monitoring horizontal and vertical noise mapping has been of various noise parameter, traffic parameter and done during day and night for base year and prediction for twenty years and noise prediction. subsequently projected for the year 2025 as shown The traffic and noise monitoring has been in Fig.132.

Fig. 131 (a) : Location of Traffic and Noise Measuring Stations and Traffic Flow Diagram of Thiruvanathapuram City

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 89 Environmental Science Traffic & Transportation Planning

Fig. 131 (b) : Location of Traffic and Noise Measuring Stations and Traffic Flow Diagram of Thiruvanathapuram City

Fig. 132 (a) : Horizontal Noise Mapping of Thiruvanthapuram City

Measurement of Idling Fuel Consumption of and Diesel) as well as Light commercial vehicle and Different Types of Vehicles as part of ELSIM Diesel powered buses. The tests were conducted in Idling fuel consumption measurements were laboratory conditions using direct fuel measurement completed for about 350 vehicles covering method. The analyzed result for the above categories motorcycles, three wheeler, four wheeler (Petrol of vehicles is given in table-7 below

90 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Environmental Science

Table-7: Analyzed Result for the Above Categories of Vehicles

Fuel Consumption Vehicle type (mL/10 minute) Mean Std. dev Motorcycle 24 8 Three wheeler 40 12 Car (Petrol)- MPFI 90 13 (b) Vertical Noise Mapping for a Typical Location Fig.132: Horizontal and Vertical Noise Mapping of Thiruvanthapuram Car (Diesel) 100 19 City Car (Petrol)- Carburettor 124 37 LCV(Diesel) 113 31 BUS (Diesel) 150 29

Further studies were carried at 11 signalized inter- at controlled condition and that of field condition sections in Delhi to understand the controlled delay are same and does not vary with the time of idling. per arm for a typical diesel powered four wheeler. It Idling fuel consumption both at controlled condition was found that the rate of idling fuel consumption and field condition Fig.133 shown.

Fig. 133 : Idling Fuel Consumption for a Diesel Powered Four Wheeler

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 91 Environmental Science Traffic & Transportation Planning

XIIth Five-Year Plan factors have been used for the estimation of emissions during idling. Estimation of fuel loss Emission Estimation of Fuel Loss Due to Idling during idling based on the category of vehicles, fuel of Motor Vehicles at Signalised Intersections type, fuel consumption during idling and delay time (ELSIM) at intersections. Emissions have been estimated Signalized traffic intersections are considered as using appropriate (e.g. IPCC) Emission Factors urban hotspots due to high air pollution levels for different pollutants and by using following caused by vehicular emissions. The pollutant equations: concentrations at traffic intersections are more Emission(s) =∑ [Fuela*EFa] alarming due to vehicles idling. Increasing number of vehicles/traffic leads to traffic congestion, which Where, results in increased idling of vehicles at signalized Emission(s) = Emission of Gases [e.g., CO2, CH4, intersections and thus fuel losses and related N2O, CO, NOx and NMVOC] (kg) emissions. EF= Emission Factor for pollutant a (CO2, CH4, N2O, In the present work, fuel losses at various signalized CO, NOx and NMVOC) (kg/TJ) (IPCC, 2006) intersection during idling has been estimated Fuel Consumption= Activity as Energy Input of fuel in various cities. Further, “related” greenhouse type a (TJ) (Determined from Net Calorific Value of gas emissions (GHGs) viz., CO , CH , N O and 2 4 2 Corresponding Fuels) “indirect” GHGs viz. CO, NOx and NMVOC were estimated for idling fuel combusted at selected a = fuel type signalised intersections in various cities viz. Delhi, Emission Factor by IPCC (IPCC, 2006) Chandigarh, Bhopal, Chennai and Kolkata. Results Methodology Emissions (CO, NOX, NMVOC, CH4 and N2O) for Various input data viz. number of vehicles idling five cities (Delhi, Chandigarh, Chennai, Bhopal, at intersection, type of vehicles, vintage of vehicles and Kolkata) have been estimated based on fuel (emission control technology used), fuel type, fuel consumed by various categories of vehicles idling consumption during idling, gas specific emission at various selected signalized intersections in each

Fig. 134 : Number of Vehicles Idling at Selected Signalized Intersections in Various Cities

92 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Environmental Science of the above mentioned cities. The number of observed to be higher in Delhi also. Highest number signalised intersections selected in each of the cities of idling vehicles at signalised intersection makes were 11 (Delhi), 11 (Chandigarh), 10 (Chennai), 7 Delhi highest contributor of various GHGs followed Bhopal and 10 (Kolkata). The total number (and % by Chennai, Chandigarh, Bhopal and Kolkata share) of vehicles idling from total traffic at selected (Table 8). signalised intersections in each selected city has The estimation of emissions caused due to fuel shown in Fig.134. consumption during idling by various categories Further, due to large number of idling vehicles, of vehicles at various major signalized traffic fuel loss (petrol, CNG) was highest among all other intersections in major cities of India (Delhi, selected cities (Fig.135). Chennai had highest loss Chandigarh, Chennai, Bhopal, and Kolkata) have of diesel fuel, due to high diesel powered vehicles, been accomplished and the other cities i.e. Vadodara similarly, high numbers of diesel vehicles were and Pune is in progress.

*CNG in kilograms

Fig. 135 : Fuel Loss per Day During Idling of Vehicles at Selected Signalized Intersections in Various Cities

Table 8 : Estimation of Emissions During Idling of Vehicles at Various Intersections in Delhi

City No. of Vehicles Emissions per Day (kg/day) Idling at Intersection CO NO CO N OCHNMVOC (24 Hrs) 2 x 2 4 Delhi 347377 38597 387 2188 1.8 34.3 295.8 Chandigarh 220300 6879 66 412 0 2 77 Bhopal 115630 3987 39 255 0 1 48 Chennai 292098 14035 141 619 1 4 116 Kolkata 62647 4104 42 143 0 1 27

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 93 Environmental Science Traffic & Transportation Planning

Atmosphere and its Probing the Changing z Quantification of anthropogenic emission Impacts in Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) and sources (AMEI) Himalayan Regions (AIM – IGPHim) z Study of the changing atmospheric processes over IGP and Himalayan regions Perspective on Emission Inventory of Climate Forcing Gases from Transportation Sector in z Understanding the role of drivers (i.e. trace India gases & aerosols) in influencing the changes in the atmospheric processes (i.e. physics and The Significance chemistry of the atmosphere) in the region

The climate change has become a tangible reality z Assessment of impacts of changing atmosphere which has brought the need to significantly curb on crops, floral biodiversity and human health greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and adapting to the changing climate. GHG emissions from z Emissions are major drivers for changing transport related activity has become one of the atmosphere and transportation sector is one of key contributors to their high concentrations. the major emitters Transport activity delivers clear societal and CRRI Intent (AMEI) economic benefits. However, these benefits are not solely and primarily a function of the volume of z Uncertainty reduction in fuel consumption: transport activity. However, in order to reduce the Refine and improve the activity data through GHG emissions systematically from transport sector acquisition and apportioning of segregated while reaping the direct as well as co-benefits, it is fuel consumption data for each mode of imperative that current emission scenarios should transportation viz. road, civil aviation at state be available with the policy makers/ government to level in the IGP-Him region and at zone-level for make informed decisions. railways. Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), the bread basket of z Generation of emission inventory of climate the country and Himalayan region (Him), the forcing gases (GHG) viz. CO2, CH4, N2O, PM1.0, ecosystem service provider to the country, have BC (Black Carbon) for transport sector in India immense societal and economic importance. The comprising of major modes of transportation key questions envisaged to be addressed by AIM- viz. road, rail and civil aviation in the IGP-Him IGPHim include regions of India.

Fig. 136 : CO2e Emissions from Petrol Combustion in Road Transportation Sector in Himalayan Region States

94 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Environmental Science

Interim Outcome: Emission inventory generated for years 2008-2009 to 2013-2014. road transport sector and civil aviation for states z Emission inventories for road transport and civil falling under Himalayan region and Indo-Gangetic aviation were generated for states falling under plains (IGP) respectively. Himalayan Region and Indo-Gangetic Plains

The following outputs have been achieved this year respectively for climate forcing gases (CO2, CH4 under this study and N2O). The emissions are reported as CO2 equivalent emissions (CO e) for the period 2008- z Activity data for 11 states falling under 2 Himalayan region and 9 states in IGP region 2009 to 2013-2014. The part of the information is were collected and collated for civil aviation shared and presented for road transport (Fig.136 and road transport sector respectively for the and Fig.137) and civil aviation (Fig.138).

Fig. 137 : CO2e Emissions from Diesel Combustion in Road Transportation Sector in Himalayan Region States

Fig.138 : CO2e Emissions from ATF Combustion in Civil Aviation in the States of Himalayan Region States

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 95 Environmental Science Traffic & Transportation Planning

z Data Report has been submitted for emission impacts of air pollution on commuters through a inventory of climate forcing gases in the IGP- questionnaire-based survey. Measurements were Him regions comprising of State-level inventory made in four major modes of transport in Delhi (gridded data) for road transport and civil namely bus, car, two wheelers and three wheelers aviation and zone-level data for railways for the on working days during the morning to evening period 2004-2005 to 2013-2014. commute time. Measurements were done for each Research Projects vehicle per day in a week. Commuter’s exposure to particulates, BC and CO was measured along the Pilot Study on In-Vehicle Exposure of Volatile study route in different modes of transport using Organic Compounds (VOCs), Carbon Monoxide GRIMM Aerosol Spectrometer, Microaethelometer, (CO) and Black Carbon (BC) and its Health and personal CO monitor respectively. Active Impact on Commuters sampling methodology was adopted for the collection of VOCs and the analysis was carried out According to WHO, people spend 1-1.5 h/day using GC-FID instrument. All the instruments were in daily commuting in many countries (World placed along the driver seat and in two wheeler, Health Organization, 2005). The exposures to the instrument was placed in front of the driver. air pollution while commuting are higher than The instruments were kept at breathing level in all ambient concentrations and are health hazards. the vehicles. Higher concentrations were observed This study focuses on the exposure of commuters inside cars followed by 2 and 3 wheelers as shown to particulates, VOCs, CO and BC while commuting in Fig.139 and Fig.140. through different modes of transport in Delhi. Although average time spent during commuting The results indicate that the private vehicle is small but the short-term high-level exposure commuters are exposed to higher air pollutant to different pollutants is related with negative concentrations as compared to public transport health impacts. This study also assesses the health commuters depending on the ventilation.

Fig. 139 : Variation of BC, VOCs, PM10 and PM2.5 in Different Modes of Transportation

96 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Environmental Science

Fig.140 : Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentration in Different Modes of Transportation

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Research Projects Transportation Module: The work packages (WP) in this module are: 12th Five Year Plan Network Project (NWP): WP-1. Quality enhancement of public transport “Development and Application of Technologies system for Sustainable Transportation (SUSTRANS)” WP-2. Feeder transport system and parking Sustainable development is a holistic practice facilities at public transport terminals that includes efforts to mitigate negative effects WP-3. Advanced public transport information on every part of the road infrastructure and systems using ITS technologies transportation system which are generally ignored in traditional transportation system planning. WP-4. Design and Development of Car Driving Sustainable transportation system must consider Simulator the interconnected issues under social, economy WP-5. Sustainable Non-Motorised Transport and environment areas at the same time. The need to (NMT) system plan for sustainable transport system is evident since WP-6. Policy level sustainable strategies to global warming possesses significant challenges for restrict/ control usage of private vehicles cities. The transport sector alone accounts for 24% of WP-7. Sustainable integrated mass transportation CO2 emissions worldwide. The energy consumption is about 75 to 80% by road transport and India’s system share is about 10% from all transport modes. The WP-8. Evaluation of sustainable transportation safety of road user is also a major concern towards system (environment, social and achievement of sustainability. On Indian roads, economy) about 1.4 Lakhs deaths occur in fatal accidents in a year. About 3% of GDP is wasted due to the fatal Road Module: The work packages (WP) in this road crashes on Indian roads in a year. Moreover, the module are: sources of natural mineral aggregates are depleting WP-9. Development of innovative techniques for fast due to massive infrastructure development and utilization of waste and marginal materials road construction activities going on in India which in road construction consumes huge quantity of material (about 15,000 WP-10. Conversion of Chromium containing solid tonnes of aggregates/km of highway). Also, enormous waste generated in leather industry into amount of energy is consumed in the production pavement materials (CLRI) and transportation of huge quantities of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) required for road construction WP-11. Improved Design Methods and Materials/ (about 90,000 litres of diesel/km). Hence, there is Mixes towards achieving Reduced an urgent need to develop technologies to utilize Pavement Thickness waste and marginal materials, innovative designs WP-12. Development of Technology SUperior to achieve reduction in pavement thickness using PERforming Bituminous PAVEments high performance materials. (SUPERBiPAVE) Objectives of the Proposed Research WP-13. Development of warm mix technologies In view of the above, there is a high need of for road construction conducting a research study on sustainable WP-14. Development of designs for using transportation covering transportation, road safety reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in and road materials in order to develop appropriate construction and maintenance of roads guidelines to design a sustainable transportation WP-15. Estimation of carbon footprints in the road system. Accordingly, the objectives of the present construction process research are conceived under following two modules: The city of Delhi and NCR regions would be considered as the study area for the conceptual

98 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Transportation Planning development of a sustainable transport system. WP-4: Design and Development of Car Driving The industrial waste and marginal materials will Simulator be collected from selected areas of the country for The car driving simulator has been developed under laboratory study. The proposed designs will be this package and shown in Fig.141. The patent for evaluated with APTF (Accelerated Pavement Testing technology developed for Car Driving Simulator is Facility) available at CSIR-CRRI by constructing test in the process of submission and the following are tracks. its features:

Interim Results z Indigenous in nature

This section provides few interim but key results z Realistic to Indian traffic conditions obtained from the work done till now under various z Assess all types of psychomotor capacities work packages. z Training to enhance driving skills WP-1: Quality enhancement of public transport system The inauguration of the driving simulator has been done by Director CRRI on 14th Aug 2015 as shown z Quality parameters of public transport in Fig.142. In order to dissimulate the research are finalised through Commuter output, a National Workshop ob Driving Simulator Satisfaction Index (CSI) & Important was also organised (Fig.143). Performance Analysis (IPA) – Bus (23 Nos.) and Sub Urban Rail (18 Nos.) WP-5: Sustainable Non-Motorised Transport (NMT) system z Structure Equation Modelling z Delay Calculations considering (SEM) for estimation of Commuter priority for NMT & PT Satisfaction WP-2: Feeder transport system and parking facilities at public transport terminals The results related to commuters who are using metro as main haul mode with some feeder modes are presented in Table 9. As can be seen from the above table, for about 30% of Trip Distance (which is accessible distance of Metro Station), commuter is spending almost 50% of Journey Time and 67% of Travel Cost. WP-3: Advanced public transport information systems using ITS technologies

z User Satisfaction Model has been developed considering Structural Fig. 141: Development of Indigenous Car Driving Simulator under Equation Modelling concepts. WP-4

Table 9: Characteristics of Commuters who are Using Metro with some Feeder Modes

Journey Sections Average Distance Average Journey time Average Out-of- (in km) (in min) Pocket Cost (in Rs.) Origin to metro 2.76 (15%) 8.67 (17%) 15.33 (35%) In metro 12.48 (68%) 27.38 (53%) 16.42 (37%) Metro to destination 2.90 (17%) 15.67(30%) 12.47(28%) Total Journey 18.14 (100%) 51.72 (100%) 44.22 (100%)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 99 Transportation Planning Traffic & Transportation Planning

Fig. 142 : Inauguration of Car Driving Simulator

National Workshop on Driving Simulator 12th Five Year Plan Project Development and Application of Technologies for Sustainable Transportation (SUSTRANS)

Fig. 143: National Workshop on Driving Simulator Organised on 10.2.2016

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z Area scores based on walking, crossing and accessing public transport stop/ stations WP-6: Policy level sustainable strategies to restrict/ control usage of private vehicles z Congestion Charging and Parking Charging found most suitable WP-7: Sustainable integrated mass transportation system z Developed Four Stage Travel Demand Model z Traffic assignment of metro has been done as shown in Fig.144 and similarly, for private with bus modes are shown in Fig.145 for the base year 2013. WP-8: Evaluation of sustainable transportation

system (environment, social and Fig.144 : Traffic Assignment of Metro Passengers for Base Year economy) (2013) z Sustainable Indicators (17 Nos.) have been finalized as shown in Table 10. z Methodology to calculate Sustainable Comprehensive Sustainability Index, CSI = n ‘ Index using the method of Analytical ∑ i=1 wi ui Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Fig. 145 : User Equilibrium Traffic Assignment for Private and Public Transport (Bus) for Base Year (2013)

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th Where, wi is weight of i indicator travel and at signalized intersections due to idling th of vehicles during stoppage phases. Hence, there ui is utility of i indicator n is the total number of indicators is need to investigate Evaluation of Economic Loss Due to Idling of Vehicles at Signalized Intersection Table- 10 : Sustainable Indicators (17 Nos.) and Mitigation Measures.

Sustainability Name of the Parameter Objectives and Scope of the Proposed Research Dimension z Quantification of fuel loss due to idling of Economic Productivity motorized vehicles at signalized intersections covering metropolitan cities. Indicators (7) Travel Time Ratio z To propose the mitigation measures and estimate Transport Costs and Prices the benefits over a period of time.

Household Expenditure z Estimation of emission and energy due to fuel allocated to Transport loss during idling for various categories of Transport Emission Cost vehicles. Additional Employment z Development of models between fuel loss and emission for Indian urban traffic conditions Economic Efficiency z The scope of the study is limited to signalised Social Indicators User rating intersections only. (6) Public Health Interim Results Affordability This section provides few interim findings obtained from the work done till know under various work Additional Facilities Provided packages. Accessibility WP1: Estimation of Delays at Signalized Safety and Security Intersections Environmental Air Pollution z Data collected to analyse the traffic Indicators (4) flows characteristics in terms of traffic Noise Pollution volume, composition, speed and delay Energy Consumption covering the seven identified cities in India. Fig.146 and Fig.147 represents Land Consumption traffic characteristics in different cities. 12th Five Year Plan Project: Evaluation of Economic Loss Due to Idling of Vehicles WP 2: Measurement of Idling Fuel Consumption of different types of vehicles at Signalized Intersection and Mitigation Measures (ELSIM) z Measurement of idling fuel consumption of different category of Variety of road based transport modes catering to vehicles have been carried out. Fig.148 the transport demand ply in large numbers on the shows the idling fuel consumption road system of urban India. As a result, the traffic test setup at laboratory level and and transportation problems are aggravating day Fig.149 presents fuel consumption by day. These problems manifest in the form of of different category of vehicles. The increased traffic congestion, air and noise pollution, Idling fuel consumption for a Diesel accidents, delays etc. The consumption of fuel is Car at Controlled Condition and real also on the increase due to enhanced trip lengths, world conditions were compared at shift of modal share towards personalized modes of Fig.150.

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Fig. 146 : Total Daily Traffic Volume (PCUs) at Various Identified Cities

Fig. 147 : Traffic Composition Characteristics in Delhi, Chandigarh, Vadodara, Bhopal and Chennai

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(a) CLRI, Chennai (b) AMPRI, Bhopal

(c) CRRI, Delhi (d) NCL, Pune

Fig. 148 : Idling Fuel Consumption Test Setup at Laboratory

Fig. 149 : Fuel Consumption of Different Categories of Vehicles

104 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Transportation Planning

Fig. 150 : Idling Fuel Consumption for a Diesel Car: Signalised Intersection v/s Controlled Condition

WP3: Estimation of Time Loss due to Idling WP4: Emission Estimation from Fuel Loss due to Idling z The quantification of time loss (delay) due to idling of motorized vehicles at z Fig.152 presents Fuel loss per day all signalized intersections in cities of during Idling at various intersection various sizes has been done based on in Delhi and Chennai and Fig.153 US-HCM methodology. The typical presents Emissions due to fuel loss total number of vehicles in queue during idling at various intersection and average delay at Lodhi Road in Delhi and Chennai. Intersections are presented at Fig.151.

Fig. 151 : Total Number of Vehicles in Queue and Average Delay at Lodi Road Intersection, Delhi

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 105 Transportation Planning Traffic & Transportation Planning

Fig. 152 : Fuel Loss per Day During Idling at Various Intersections in Delhi and Chennai

Fig. 153 : Emissions due to Fuel Loss During Idling at Various Intersections in Delhi (per day)

WP5: Exploring Suitable Mitigation Measures z Development of Emission Models: z The flow diagram for execution Emission is function of Traffic Volume of mitigation measures to reduce Idling Delay, Age profile and FC. the delay and their efficacy to be Development of Linear and Non Linear quantified using analytical tools are models are in progress. The basic shown at Fig.154. concept of HDM 4 was considered for development of models WP: 6 Development of Models between Fuel Loss and Emission Consultancy Services for Developing

z Development Fuel Consumption (FC) Thematic GIS Data Base for Integrating Road model: Fuel Consumption is function Management System of Traffic Volume, Idling Delay and The State Government of Bihar is taking many Age Profile. Development of Linear initiatives for the road development by up-grading and Non-Linear models are in State Highways and Major District Roads with the progress. The basic concept of HDM growth of National Highways and rural roads. Bihar 4 was considered for development of Road Construction Department (RCD), with the aid models of World Bank under DFID TF TA (TA- 011445)

106 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Transportation Planning

Estimation of fuel loss in idling - WP4 MMP1 : Coordination and optimization of signal time

WP-5 Exploring Suitable Mitigation Measures MMP2 : Strategies to conserve fuel through increased patronage of public transportation system, Metro, BRT, LRT z Review of Literature

z Identification of different type ofmitigation measures MMP3 : Land use & Transport Policy

z Field visit to see feasibility of alternative mitigation measures MMP4 : Restraints on Motorised plan (MMP) Traffic

z Sorting mitigation plan as per field condition and field visit reconnaissance survey MMP5 : Encouraging Non-Motorised Modes

z Creae the scenario for each plan for 20 years period use of micro simulation and creation of SCENARIO COMPUTING MMP6 : Switch-off Vehicles during SOFTWARE IN EXCELL Red Light Phase and use of advance driver alert system z Find the effectiveness in each scenario using sensitive analysis for different scenario MMP7 : Training of driver and user using advisory z Estimate before and after for finally adopted scenario and estimate the saving for particular type of scenario or mixing of different scenario MMP7 : Construction of round about, flyover instead of signalised intersection

z Generalised the mathematical model and programme MMP8 : Maintaining inter-vehicle spacing in congested idling conditions

Fig. 154 : Flow Diagram for Execution of Mitigation Measures Plan (MMP) Under

Technical Assistance Program, for Institutional To meet these challenges, urgent need was felt to strengthening and Capacity Building activities and store and save the entire data base with the support carried Road Condition Survey and Inventory of of Thematic GIS Data base with the aim to integrate roads and bridges, assessment of Road Construction the data with Road Management System (RMS). Industry in Bihar. Thus, a massive road data base This system will provide a important tool facilitating is being prepared (at the verge of completion) for the engineers of the department to frame plan / the development of road network in Bihar. There program for the improvement and management of is always a requirement of intelligent thematic Road Assets of the State. This GIS database will map to convey information about a single topic or be integrated with the Road Assets Management theme, such as road length, road condition, road System (RAMS). inventory, traffic data etc for planning and appraisal Objectives and Scope of Work purpose at regional and local level for engineer to build maintain and operate these roads in effective The objective and scope of the work to develop manner. Thematic GIS database for Integrating Road

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Management System (GIRMS) of RCD are as z Digitisation and attribute attachment of State follows: highway(92 no), NH(59 no ) and MDR -17622 Km (a) To prepare seamless mosaic of Cartosat-1 image (scale 1:4000) 1169 roads, 534 Block, 38 Districts, for entire Bihar, ensuring seamless matching of 50000 number of Village, 2595 settlement area, the cartosat images. 588 railway stations(length 3848 km), road inventory and road conditions data, 79 polygon (b) To prepare mosaic of all the eleven (11) forest area, 1810 water features, 18292 number thematic GIS layers for the whole Bihar and of culvert and 2316 number of bridges, 37 no carry out necessary edits/ updates for complete road traffic using ISRO standards for creating seamlessness. unique ID and data integration;

Outcome z Accuracy in database using length criteria: The following were outcome of database: ±1.5% and for 42 no of NH: ±2%( due to non availability and new alignment/upgradation z Mosaicing of 201 number of CartoSat1 satellite proposed by MORTH); imageries-2.5 meter resolution imageries z Quality Audit result: 100% pass from database covering 95000 sqkm area and typical display is point of view; shown in Fig. 155; z Number of count features in road inventory:59850 z Mosacing of 161 toposheet- survey of India; due to database at every 200 meter interval;

z Creation of database design structure supporting z Training workshop for 120 engineer of RCD, two open source software QGIS; paper in conference.

Fig. 155 : Typical Architecture of Developed GIRMS

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Study on Alignment Road from Sasoma to Significant Work Done

Saser Brangsa Sponsored by BRO z Submitted Site Visit Report;

Objectives and Scope of work z Organized Roundtable Meeting at CSIR-CRRI; z To propose most appropriate and stable road z Testing of Rock Samples: at Center Soil & alignment plan from Km 40 to Saser Brangsa; Material Research Station and CSIR-CRRI; z To provide suitable short term side slope z Testing of Soil Samples: CRRI (In Progress); protection methods and propose long term sustainable road alignment plan. z Fresh Stereo Satellite Data (Digital Globe Satellite Data Procuring through National Remote sensing The Google image of the present alignment and Center (4.8 Lac)- In progress; terrain conditions are shown is shown in Fig.156.

Fig. 156 : Present Alignment and Terrain Conditions from Sasoma to Saser Brangsa

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 109 Transportation Planning Traffic & Transportation Planning

z 3D Terrain Modeling and High Precession z to understand if this difference in mobility Mapping using drones with the help of North patterns varies by economic status. East Center for Technology and Application z to diagnose instances of exclusion as a result Reach (NECTAR); of transport deprivation, if any, in the lives of z Preliminary Data Analysis: Developed 5 m working women. contours for the study area from Google Earth Scope and other secondary data. Developed Digital Elevation Model for secondary Data. The study aims to delve into differences in mobility patterns of the formal workers in Delhi. The Traffic Study for Feasibility of Mineral definition of the formal or informal sector is based Transportation in Joda-Barbil, Odisha on the legal status of the enterprise, with some The main objective of this study is to develop a truck form of registration being a defining characteristic. travel demand model for study road network, where However, degrees of security and vulnerability trucks are carrying iron ore from mines (Origin) are centrally related to employment status, often to railway sidings, processing plants or ports irrespective of the enterprise status. (Destinations). This will be useful for strengthening Research Methodology exiting road infrastructure facilities as well as The project was carried out over a span of one year. proposing new road infrastructure facilities such It started with literature research to understand the as enhancement of capacity of existing roads and international body of work in the area of gender provision of bypass to the study area. The major and mobility. Key questions being raised in this work carried out is given as below: field were studied and study gaps were identified. z Developed Freight Demand Model and In the context of the ongoing debate about safety of subsequently estimated for base year and women in Delhi, the key research questions were projected for 2025 as shown in Fig. 157. derived. This was followed by choosing a method

z Suggested various recommendations as shown for data collection and designating a survey sample. in Fig. 157. The methodology includes following steps: Gender Appraisal of Mobility Patterns of 1) Collecting information regarding Public Transport (metro & bus) and NMT trips (walk, Working Population in Delhi cycle, cycle rickshaw) made by women through Gender based analysis in transportation planning personal interviews in offices, via emails, on- has been studied by many researchers all over the site interviews and household surveys. world. In India, however, very limited research 2) Primary analysis regarding the factors affecting has been carried out in this regard of women and the women commuters their decision towards mode choice. Present study focuses on identifying factors affecting mode choice a) Personal characteristics made by women in Delhi (India). b) Social factors Objective of the Study c) Transportation characteristics The aim of the study is to understand how female 3) Understanding the preferences of women formal workers in Delhi travel differently than commuters, choice made by them and the their male counterparts and how this affects their reasons, if choice and preference does not life. To accomplish these; three key objectives were match identified. A detailed questionnaire survey of formal workers z to understand if there is a significant difference was carried out in National Capital Territory of in how working males and females travel from Delhi during a two month period from June-July home to work. 2013. The objective of the survey was to collect data

110 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Traffic & Transportation Planning Transportation Planning

Base Year Freight Demand Horizon Year Freight Demand

Recommendations Road Network Improvements

Fig. 157 : Estimated for Base Year and Projected for 2025 and Suggested Various Recommendations

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about the mobility patterns of males and females in trips. This shows that even though women are the formal working sector. 3000 samples were taken capable of driving and even have cars at home, with a equal number of males and females. they remain exclude from their primary use and Salient Findings are relegated as secondary users, ‘getting drop offs and lifts’ or use of public transportation z The mobility patterns of men and women are a modes. reflection of their social position. In the strictly z it was found that while men had an average patriarchal society like Delhi, the study found journey length of 13.3 kilometres, for women a marked difference between men and women. this was 10.9 kilometers. It was found that It was found that women have lower access while there was no significant difference in the to private modes and are more likely to use a number of men and women indulging in trip combination of modes to reach their place of chaining behaviour, women made chained trips work. In households with single cars, it was seen more frequently, especially during the return that men lay the first claim to the family car. In journey to home. households with two or more cars, women were seen to be using cars to reach their workplace. z About 98% of women respondents reported that It was found that among females from single car they had faced some form of harassment while owning households, only 15 percent were the travelling by public transport and walking. This primary users of the vehicle. Whereas, over 65 type of atmosphere limits them from pursuing percent males from single car owning households several activities and jobs which may need night were their primary users. It was also seen that travel hence creating ‘fear based exclusion’. The out of driving license holders, 2 in 7 women study found that over 65 percent of women use cars for their work trips on an average. dress differently on days when they have to take On the other hand, among males 2 in 3 male public transport, putting yet another limitation driving license holders use cars for their work on women.

112 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 HRD & z Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation Project

z Technology Management and Management Business Development

z Information, Liaison & Training

HRD & Project Management Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation

R&D management is the main activity of this Division completion. The database includes project title, which inter-alia covers Planning, Monitoring & classification and technical and financial details Evaluation of R&D projects, issues concerning which help in tracking the technical and financial Intellectual Property and Business Development, progress of the projects. PME also maintains the attending to technical queries and technical/ cash inflow of all the projects. performance audits and assistance to Director, Scientists Meet: Organized a scientists meet during Management Council (MC) and Research Council 16-17 July 2015 ( as a part of CRRI Foundation (RC) on the project related matters. day celebrations) where in every Division/Group Major activities that PME Division carried out has come up with various plans and programmes during 2015–16 are as follows: to achieve the Government of India polices, CSIR- CRRI vision and to reach out common men. Planning Activities Monitoring Activities Project Planning [Low Hanging Fruits/Fast Reporting on performance and the status of various Track Translational Projects etc.] projects was carriedout through preparation of Quarterly Performance Reports contains Organized brainstorming sessions to identify the information about the performance of the Institute trust areas for delivering in faster track mode and on various parameters such as projects handled; the projects of translational in nature. Eleven such technologies developed etc. on quarterly basis in projects have been finalized and sent to CSIR. In line with Dehradun declaration and GoI policies. addition to this three more areas have been identified These reports are sent to CSIR for their perusal on to take them as mission mode programmes. In quarterly basis. These reports also help the Institute addition to this, PME interacts with scientists for in reviewing its own performance as a monitoring submission of R&D proposal to various funding tool. agencies including International collobarations. PME Division also calls for progress report of all CRRI Budget the on-going projects in the Institute for processing. The financial requirements are defined on Plan This exercise is meant to monitor and ascertain and Non-Plan basis. Plan items include all research the status of each of the projects with respect to components whereas Non-Plan items cover adherence to time schedule and other milestones. infrastructural support. PME Division prepared Any deviation is intimated to the respective project Plan requirements of the Institute for the year leader and remedial measures are taken to put the 20015-16(Revised Estimates) and 2016-17 (Budget project on course. Completed projects, as reported Estimates). by the respective Project Leaders are processed for closure. Scrutiny & Registration of Project Proposals Projects Monitoring Registration of all externally funded projects and allotment of specific identity in terms of a Project Externally Funded Projects No. is effected at PME, soon after the money for the Externally funded projects were regularly monitored project is received along with In-Principle approval. particularly for their adherence to time schedule, Registration and Technical scrutiny of in-house R&D amount dues, if any, documentation, closure etc. projects is also carried out by the Division. through divisional review. Development and Regular Maintenance of In-house Projects Project Database Project Identification and Monitoring Committee PME has developed Project Database which monitors the progress of the In-house projects. The is regularly updated incorporating addition of committee also reviews the progress of the In-house new projects, and modifications during their projects periodically. The new projects are taken up implementation stage and finally during their if approved by the Committee after the presentation

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made by the Project Leader. Similarly at the time of Technical Queries from Within/or Outside completion of a project, a presentation is made by CRRI and CSIR the Project Leader to incorporate suggestions if any PME handles technical queries pertaining to made by the committee members. various projects being handled by the various R&D External Cash Flow (ECF) Divisions of the Institute from CSIR, DST, MoRTH The Institute undertakes projects sponsored by & CAG Audit etc. These queries are related to CSIR various external agencies such as Ministry of guidelines, technical progress of projects etc. PME Road Transport & Highways (MORT&H), National is also required to interact with various divisions of Highway Authority of India (NHAI), Department of CSIR particularly PPD regarding the preparation of Science and Technology (DST), etc. The details of Plans/ Budget, Management of Plan Projects, Audit, External Cash Flow i.e., money received from these ECF queries etc. Also interacts with the project agencies to carry out specified task was regularly clients related to amount dues, schedule, taking recorded and monitored vis-à-vis target established satisfaction feedback etc. by the Institute. Parliament Questions Expenditure Monitoring PME also handles parliament questions which Efforts were made to keep track on the expenditure are technical in nature. During the year, replies to vis-à-vis budgeting allocations/ requirements on the Parliament questions were prepared after collecting, monthly basis so that performance/ working of the compiling and collating information from various Institute could be made more effective. divisions of the institute. Central Public Grievance Redress and Evaluation Activities Monitoring System (CPGRAMS) Projects Information to Research Council PME is the nodal division in CRRI to handle Public (RC)/ Management Council (MC) Grievances received through pgpprtal.gov.in. It Research Council (RC) is the apex advisory/ examines the cases appropriately and disposes-off monitoring body in CSIR-CRRI through which the them in time through online as well as intimating to major R&D activities are monitored and evaluated. the concerned person. Also it gives direction/ guidance for future R&D programmes of the institute. During the Year, Service Tax Activities PME Division has provided various information/ On receipts of amounts under externally funded data for Agenda, progress reports of R&D projects, projects, Service Tax is paid to the Government. Information for Action taken Report, Information PME Division regularly prepares the statement for Director’s Presentation and other related logistics on the receipts and ensures for the payment by for conducting of meeting. accounts section of Service Tax on monthly basis. PME is responsible for preparing the upto date PME also prepares and files the half yearly returns projects summary and providing the information on of Service Tax. projects that are to be ratified by the Management Development & Maintenance of PME Councils. System Miscellaneous Activities Designed & Developed web based “Project Management System” by PME division to manage Management of Various Project Preformed the projects in the Institute effectively with less PME designs, maintains, manages and modifies manpower. Time to time enhancement in the the preformed pertaining to various project-related system is also taking place by adding new features. activities as per the need arises from time to time in This is also increased the transparency in the line with ISO requirements. system.

116 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 HRD & Project Management Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation e-PPS (e-Project Proposal System) ERP (Projects, R & D Module) This is initiated by PME division. In this, the scanned The Division has uploaded the details of all ongoing copies of all the Project Proposals after approval projects in the CSIR ERP site, also entry of Projects are uploaded on to PME Intranet and also a copy is amount receipts in the Central Value Register of ERP sent to Concerned PL & F&A Section through email. site. Addition / Deletion of projects members and This has reduced a lot of manpower time, saving map their credentials according to the requirement of paper and printing / xeroxing in turn saving of of ERP System. environment.

Projects Undertaken

External Cash Flow (Rs.Lakhs)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 117 Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation HRD & Project Management

Technology Transfer Intellectual Property Management • Technology Transfer for Mobile Bridge • A Process of using Thermocol (Expanded Inspection Unit (MBIU), SETUCARE to Gemini Polystrene) Waste in Hot Bituminous Mixes for Power Hydraulics Pvt. Ltd. Maharashtra on Road Constuction, 11th May, 2015 (Complete non-exclusive License, Agreement signed on Filed) 10th April, 2015. • Utilisation of PVC Pipe Waste in Modifying • Technology Transfer for the Pothole Repairing Bitumen for Paving Application,13th May, Machine, PATCHFILL to Supreme Bituchem 2015 (Complete Filed) Pvt. Ltd., Maharashtra on non-exclusive • Development of Electro Mechanical Field License, Agreement signed on 10th April, Density Gauge, 27th May, 2015 (Provisional 2015. Filed) Agreement signed • New process for the formation of RA • SUPREME Bituchem India Pvt. Ltd., (Rejuneverating Agent) for use in recycling Maharashtra, 10th April, 2015, for PATCHFILL- in Asphalt Pavement (RAP) ,17th Nov., 2015, The Pothole Repairing Machine 3746/DEL/2015 (Provisional Filed) • Gemini Power Hydraulics Pvt. Ltd., IP Filed Maharashtra, 10th April, 2015, for SETUCARE- • Process knowhow of Technology for Harder The Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit Grade Bitumen VG-40, on September 10th, • Bihar Rural Road Development Agency 2015 (Provisional Specification Filed) (BRRDA), PATNA, 21st April, 2015 for Cold Mix Technology Implementation • New process for the formation of RA (Rejuneverating Agent) for use in recycling • Triparty Technology Management Agreement in Asphalt Pavement (RAP), November 17th, signed on 8th August, 2015 between CSIR- 2015 (Provisional Specification Filed) CRRI, QSRRA/R.D. Department, Govt. of Odisha, Bhubneshwar and Bitchem • An Application for Trademark for SETUCARE Asphalt Technology Limited, Guwahati for and Bridge Care sent to Intellectual Property Cold Mix Technology for Construction and Mangement of CSIR on 22nd March, 2016 for Maintenance further processes. • Agreement between CSIR-CRRI and Tata Steel Patents Filed Limited, Jamshedpur on Feasibility study • Patnt on "Design and Development of Pothole on utilization of ferro chrome slag in road Repair Machine" by Kar Siksha Swaroopa, Jain th making (phase I&II) on 14 January 2016 and Pramod Kumar, Sharma Dinesh Chanda, Neha th 08 April 2016. Singh has been filed on 21st March, 2015. • Technology Management Agreement between • Patent on “An upgraded device for Road CSIR-CRRI and Jharkhand State Rural Road Condition Evaluation” by Y. C. Tewari, Renu Development Authority on 29th January, 2016 Chadha, R. P. Saini and V. P. Sharma has been for Cold Mix Technology Implementation. filed in Feb 2016. • GDA project on Project Monitoring & Quality • Joint patent with CCIL and CRRI on Carbon Assurance of construction of three lane grade Based Mixture for Improved Performance of seprator (with approach road) on NH 58 Flexible Pavements as one of Bitumen Additives located at Meerut Tiraha Ghaziabad date of or Fillers and Methods of preparation thereof, signing 9th April 2015, Agreement. inventors - Jain Pramon Kumar, Siksha Kar MoUs signed Swaroopa, Farhat Azad, Dr. madhu Bala Soni, • SVNIT, Surat extended for two years on Dr. Ashok Sharma, Vimal Kumar Dubey, filed October 29th, 2015 on 9 March 2016.

118 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 HRD & Project Management Technology Management and Business Development

MOU for Technology Transfer for Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit (MBIU), SETUCARE to Gemini Power Hydraulics Pvt. Ltd. Maharashtra

MOU for Technology Transfer for the Pothole Repairing Machine, PATCHFILL to Supreme Bituchem Pvt. Ltd., Maharashtra

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 119 Information, Liaison and Training HRD & Project Management

Regular Training Programme Imparting training to the engineers of the user agencies is an integral part of the research programme of the Institute. During the year, following refresher courses/training programmes for in-service engineers of the user organizations related to roads and road transportation in the Govt. Public & Private Sectors were organized. Through these programmes, the Institute imparted training to the junior, middle and senior level engineers of the user organizations and acquainted them with the latest research based information on various aspects of road and road transportation.

Title of the Course Duration

A. Pavement Engineering & Materials

• Design, Construction and Maintenance of Flexible Pavements 20-24 July, 2015 • Rigid Pavements: Design, Construction & Quality Control Aspects 05-09 Oct., 2015 • Pavement Evaluation Techniques and their applications for Maintenance and 14-18 Dec., 2015 Rehabilitation B. Road Development Planning & Management

• Geo-Spatial Technology (GIS, GPS, RS etc) for Road and Transportation 18-21 Jan., 2016

C. Geotechnical Engineering • Geotechnical and Landslide Investigations for Highway Projects 17-21 Aug., 2015 D. Bridges & Structures • Bridge Diagnostics, Performance Evaluation and Rehabilitation 15-19 June, 2015 • Bridge Design and Construction 16-20 Nov., 2015 E. Traffic & Transportation Planning • Traffic Engineering & Road Safety Audit 03-07 Aug., 2015 • Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Clearance Process 30 Nov. - 04 Dec., for Road & Highway Projects 2015

Special Training Programme Besides the regular training programmes, the Institute conducted customer oriented programmes to meet the specific training requirements of the user agencies. During the year, the Institute conducted the following customer oriented training programmes : International Course on Dissemination of HDM-4 A special Training Programme on International Course on Dissemination of Highway Development and Management (HDM-4) was organised from September 07-18, 2015. During the programme hands on Experience on HDM Software was given to the participants for arriving decision making strategies for implementation of Highway Project. Road Design for Flexible Pavement and Rigid Pavements On the request of National Rural Access Programme (NRAP), Afghanistan, a customized training programme on 'Road Design for Flexible Pavement and Rigid Pavement' for the engineers of National Rural Access Programme was organised from May 11-16, 2015 at CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi.

120 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 HRD & Project Management Information, Liaison and Training

Rural Road and Bridges with the challenging assignments. The details of those who attended various training programme On the request of National Bank for Agriculture and the specialized areas of training are given on and Rural Development (NABARD), a customized page 161. training programme on 'Rural Roads and Bridges' for officers of NABARD was organized from Sept. Publications 03-04, 2015. CRRI Annual Report for the Year 2014-2015 Road Sefety Auditors The report is the profile of achievements of the On the request of International Road Federation (IRF) Institute during the year 2015-2016. It also serves - (India Chapter), a customized training programme as a medium to acquaint the user agencies, clients on “Road Sefety Auditors” Jointly by IRF (India and the other related organizations in the roads and Chapter) with ARRB Group and CSIR-CRRI for road transportation research with R&D and other the Officers of Rajasthan PWD in two batches was concomitant activities of the Institute. Progress organized from February 08-12, 2016 & February 15- reports of the R&D work and other related activities 19, 2016 at CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi. during the year from the various divisions/sections Road Asset Management of the Institute was collected, compiled, edited and brought out as Institute’s Annual Report for the year On the request of Uttar Pradesh Public Works 2014-15. Department (UPPWD), a Workshop on “Road Asset Management” for the Engineers of UPPWD CRRI Newsletter was organized Jointly by UPPWD & CSIR-CRRI on During the year, three issues of CRRI Newsletter February 17, 2016 at CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi. were brought out. The Newsletter contains Contract Management and Quality Control information related to R&D activities and other Aspects general information related to the Institute. On the request of Rural Engineering Department Other Activities (RED), Uttar Pradesh, a customized training programme on “Contract Management and Quality Mailing of Publications Control Aspects” for the Engineers of RED, UP was The Institute’s R&D publications such as CRRI organized from February 24-26, 2016 at CSIR-CRRI, Annual Report and CRRI Newsletter were sent to New Delhi. highway professionals, engineering & academic Human Resource Development Programme organizations in the country and abroad. The publications are meant to disseminate R&D based Human resource development is a philosophy information to the highway engineering profession. of management and is purported to upgrade the capabilities and professional skills of the personnel Technical Queries working in an organization to match the changing Technical queries concerning the R&D activities and work demands. To enhance the professional technical know-how of the Institute were attended. capabilities of scientists and scientific staff for Information on various technologies developed by undertaking the R&D work in frontline areas of the Institute were sent to a number of organizations highway engineering and with the urge to develop dealing with databases, technology transfer and technologies which have competitive edge and consultancy assignments pertaining to roads and marketable strength, CRRI has been devoted in road transportation. human resources development. Realizing the Press Publicity need for skill development and capacity building of the human resources, training programmes Various local presses approached CRRI for were selected. Staff members received specialized information on research & developments and studies training in the areas of their expertise to cope up carried out by the Institute on roads, flyovers,

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 121 Information, Liaison and Training HRD & Project Management

bridges etc. The needed information was provided • Technical Exhibition and Seminar on “Make In to the press for the purpose of publicity. India – Role of Civil Engineers” being organized th Press clipping pertaining to road and road transport as part of Engineers Day Celebrations on 15 in particular and Science and Technology in general Sept. 2015 at AP Shinde Symposium Hall, were culled out from various National dailies and NASC Complex, DPS Marg, Opp. Todapur were brought to the notice of the Director and Pusa, New Delhi, organized by The Institution circulated to staff members for information, if of Civil Engineers (India), New Delhi. needed. These were also compiled in the form of • IRF & Road Australia joint regional conference document. and Trade fair from 4-6th May,2015 at Sydney. Publicity through CRRI Advertisement • Tech. Exhibition during 4th Enterprise India th To popularise the Institute past R&D achievements Show at Yangon, Myanmar from October 29 to st and present R&D programmes, capabilities, November 1 , 2015, organized by CII. facilities and expertise, the Institute issued various • Tech. Exhibition during 76th Annual Session advertisements at various forums. One such forum of IRC at Indore from December 18th to 22nd, was the scientific documents brought out by various 2015. organizations on different occasions. The Institute • 3rd Conference on Transportation Group of got published its various advertisements in the India (CTRG) Kolkata from December 17-20th, documents brought out by the various organizations 2015. on the different occasions. • A technical exhibition was also organized Publication of Research Outputs during the Conference on Sustainable Asphalt Research outputs i.e. Research Papers emanating Pavement for Developing Countries (CONSAP- from the R&D work were processed for publication 2016) on 11th & 12th March 2016, at CRRI, in various National & International Journals/ which was participated by 30 organisations Conferences through internal review system. Cases comprising R&D organizations, Consulting pertaining to deputation of CRRI Scientists to attend firms, Manufacturers, Equipment suppliers various Conference/Symposia were processed and etc. attended. Visitors ISTAG Activities Visits of distinguished professionals and delegates The scientists of the Institute were deputed abroad from various organizations related to road under various collaborative, exchange and bilateral transportation from India and abroad to CRRI were programme of CSIR to participate in various organized during the year. conferences/symposia/seminar/study programme and to attend advanced equipment training. Linkages with Professional Bodies Exhibitions The Institute is represented as the Institutional Member on the various technical, executive and The Institute participated in the following administrative committees and groups of various exhibitions and depicted its expertise, capabilities National and Foreign Organizations. These and R&D achievements. organizations maintain their databases including • Technical Exhibition and International R&D activities, Organizational Heads, etc. of the Seminar on “New Construction Materials, Member Institutions and regularly seek the updated Techniques and Design, in Bridge, Tunnel & information. The updated information on CRRI Road Construction suitable for Infrastructure were provided to various organizations and the Development in Inaccessible Border Area” on annual subscriptions were paid to continue the 11-12th Sept. 2015 at Manekshaw Centre, New membership. The Institutional membership of the Delhi. Institute is given on page 190.

122 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 HRD & Project Management Information, Liaison and Training

Skill Development Programme

HRDC Training Workshop on “Reservation, Policy & Roster”

Visit of Foreign Delegation at CRRI

Visit of Qatar Teachers & Students

Visit of Dr. Ranjna Nagpal, DDG, NIC

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 123 Information, Liaison and Training HRD & Project Management

Visit of Delegation from Ministry of Environment, Bangladesh

Visit of Dr. Stevan Bartlett, Prof. & Dean, University of Utah, USA and Dr. David Arellano, Prof. of Civil Engineer, University of Memphis, USA

Visit of Dr. M.I. Pinard and Dr. P. Paige Green, South Africa alongwith World Bank Officials

124 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 HRD & Project Management Information, Liaison and Training

Organisation of Training Programme at CRRI

Glimpses of Training Programmes at CSIR-CRRI

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 125 Information, Liaison and Training HRD & Project Management

Organisation of Training Programme at CRRI

Glimpses of Training Programmes at CSIR-CRRI

126 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 HRD & Project Management Information, Liaison and Training

Organisation of Training Programme at CRRI

Glimpses of Training Programmes at CSIR-CRRI

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 127 Information, Liaison and Training HRD & Project Management

Organisation of Training Programme at CRRI

Glimpses of Training Programmes at CSIR-CRRI

128 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Documentation and Library Services

Prof. S.R. Mehra Library engineering and related areas were recorded and displayed regularly for the benefit of the users. Prof. S.R. Mehra library provides information services to the staff of the Institute in the field of Access to E-Journals traffic, transportation and highway engineering. Access to full text E-Journals is being provided The library has a collection of over 90,000 through Internet from various publishers like WOS, publications including books, reference books, ASCE, ASTM Digital Library, Taylor & Francis, periodicals, conference proceedings, technical Wiley, ICE, Springer, etc. reports standards specifications, microfilms, maps, CD-ROM databases, video cassettes etc. Computerisation of Documentation and Library Services Bibliographic Services Database is being developed for the publications Literature searches were carried out and received in the library. bibliographic service was provided on request to researchers of CRRI on topics related to highway E-CART Bulletin - Current Awareness in engineering and transportation. Roads & Transport Reference Service A monthly current awareness service containing scanned content page of the current journals received Specific information provided on more than one in the library is e-mailed to individual scientists hundred reference queries. to make them abreast of latest developments in the Collection Development field of transportation and highway engineering. Publications like books, periodicals, conference Library Statistics proceedings, technical reports, CD-ROM databases, Books added during the period 141 standards, related to roads, transport and related (01.04.2015 - 31.03.2016) areas etc, were acquired for updating the library Total No. of books as on 31.03.2016 55807 collection. Maps 688 Technical Processing Microforms 655 Publications added to the collection were classified, Videocassettes 122 catalogued, indexed and well maintained for Periodicals titles received regularly 50 efficient retrieval. (Foreign+Indian) Professional Development Information on refresher and training courses and workshops etc. available in the field of highway

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 129 Computer & Networking R & D Support Services

LAN Hardware Testing Software and CRRI Online Salary System. The information related with all the division • The Lab level ERP Implementation is including the equipment list are also available. completed and Storage was configured in Essential forms , compliant request formats and CRRI end. 5 Nos. of IBM x 3650 servers and various application formats are available at CRRI FUJITSU - ETERNUS DX440 SAN system with Intranet. scalable 20TB storage capacity were installed for the same. Updates of information related to CRRI such as scientific, administration, training programmes, • The schematic diagram of CRRI – computer events, tenders, history, recruitment and other Centre SAN is shown in the fig.158 activities, etc. are being done regularly in the official • Integration of the above storage with RDM website of CRRI. i.e www.crridom.gov.in. SAN is under anvil. Installation and configuration of various Scientific • HP Proliant ML 570 and ML 350 ( Xeon Quad Softwares like ARC-GIS , Mx-Road, HDM, NISA, Processor ) hardware platforms are used for Heads & SPSS also provided. server activities ( DNS, ADS, WSUS Update The E-Mail facility for all the staff of this institute is Server , Proxy Server and NMS Server ) . More also available. than 400 LAN I/O points are operational. The Computer Training programme for Group II • Implementation of FG-800C UTM Multi- staff was also conducted to sensitize the computer Threat Security Appliance is under process literacy for ERP readiness. Computer facility to all • PGRPE Building is connected through Wi-fi to Training programmes & Seminars/ Conferences etc CRRI LAN and the expansion plan of CRRI organized at CRRI is also provided. LAN to Guest House Wing-1 and Wing-2, The Corporate Antivirus Solutions is provided Canteen, Main Store and Stores is under against the Campus wide Antivirus protect , Web process. reputation, URL Filtering etc to all the servers and Softwares and IT Services nodes. Intranet service ( http://CRRINET ) provides Online Video Conferencing facility is operated and Library Search (Web OPAC) , BIS Searching facility, maintained by computer centre and It is available Transport Database, Links for E-Journal Driver in all CSIR lab level meeting.

130 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 R & D Support Services Computer & Networking Fig. 158

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 131 Mechanical Engineering Support R & D Support Services

Mechanical Engineering Support Division is responsible for: 1. Design and Development of Mechanical Equipment required by R&D divisions for carrying out Sponsored, In-house R&D and Consultancy services. 2. Repair and maintenance of R&D equipment (Mechanical & Electrical). 3. Air conditioner repairs and maintenance. 4. Operation and maintenance of Air conditioning plants. 5. Repair and maintenance of Infrastructural Facilities including furniture 6. Book Binding 7. Training 8. Contribution in different R&D and research projects ii. Fabrication of Shade for the Protection of 9. Participation in extracurricular activities Electrical Installations of APTF from Rain Design and Development During the period under report the division was involved in the design and development of the following: i. Various Prototype Gym Equipment were Fabricated in MES for the Health Benefits of CRRI staff.

132 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 R & D Support Services Mechanical Engineering Support iii. Fabrication of Shed for Horticulture Division

Repair of R&D and other Equipment

1. Benkelman beam 5. Core Cutting Machine 2. Automatic Soil Compaction Machine 6. CBR Moulds 3. Compression Machine 7. UTM 4. Automatic Bitumen Compactors Around 182 job card related to repairs and fabrication were completed during the reported period. Contribution in Different R&D Projects MES staff contributed substantially in the following projects • “ Idling Fuel Consumption Studies” under 12th five year plan’s ELSIM project. Various cities have been identified for carrying out the study. Our staff participated in studies at Delhi and CSIR-AMPRI, Bhopal, CSIR-NCL Pune, CSIR- IMT, Chandigarh, CSIR-CSIO, Chandigarh, CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, CSIR-SERC, Chennai,

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 133 Mechanical Engineering Support R & D Support Services

Parul Institute of Engineering, Vadodara. The • Hiring of vehicles from CRRI approved team also participated in review meetings for external agencies for movement of CRRI staff INDO-HCM project. for official purposes and processing their bills for payment. • Our staff is also involved in “GAP acceptance Studies” and “Pedestrian Movement Study” Water Purifiers under INDO-HCM project. Video- recording • AMC of 17 nos. of water purifiers are for this project is being done with the help supervised by the division. of camera hoisting equipment repaired and modified by MES, thereby resulting in huge Job Cards Completed by Various Sections of amount of savings on each site. MES Division in The Year 2014-2015.

Air conditioner Repairs and Maintenance Sl. Sections of MES No. of Job Cards No. completed • MES undertakes in-house repair and maintenance of approximately 350 air 1 Mechanical Section 182 conditioners of the Institute 2 Electrical Section 83 3 A/C Section 220 • The division is also supervising Operation and Maintenance of Air Conditioning Plant. 4 Carpentry Section 13 Total Job Cards 498 Transport Section Attended • MBIU registration: All sorts of support for liaison work and technical inputs provided for registration of MBIU and the process of registration got completed. MBIU is now is in use in the field. • Repair, maintenance and insurance etc. of staff car DL3CV4838 and other instrumented vehicles such as DL10C0661, DL3CAJ8840, DL3CBV0720 is being taken care off. • 10 nos. CRRI vehicles have attained their age of usage as per NGT orders. They are being processed for condemnation. Papers related the same are being prepared. • Staff car DL3CAJ2314 has been got condemned and related papers have been sent to CSIR for ISO Internal Audit approval and procurement of new staff car as • MES Division also participated in conducting replacement. Internal Audits for ISO.

134 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Estate Services Civil Engineering Support

Civil Infrastructure works Executed During FY 2015-16

Name of Work : Renovation of Reception Hall of CRRI Campus. (Amount In Lakhs: 20.99).

Name of Work : Development of Parking and Traffic Management System at CRRI. (Amount In Lakhs: 11.15).

Name of Work : Renovation of Canteen (G.F.) and conversion of Toilet from Indian W.C. to European W.C. at G.H. Wing - II in CRRI New Delhi. (Amount In Lakhs : 09.87)

Name of Work : Renovation of CRRI CO- Operative Thrift & Credit Society Ltd. (2 no rooms) GTE division First Floor at CRRI. (Amount In Lakhs: 03.16)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 135 Civil Engineering Support Estate Services

Name of Work : Development of infrastructure for UTM Testing machine in old RP division at CRRI.” (Amount In Lakhs: 01.94)

Name of Work : Development of infrastructure for cold mix knowledge centre (CMKC) in old FP division at CRRI. (Amount In Lakhs: 01.32)

Civil Infrastructure Works Started in FY 2015-16

Sl. Amount In Name of Work Status of work No. Lakhs

“Renovation of Account, E-II Section and Miscellaneous work of 1 Work in Progress 21.78 Cafeteria at CRRI.”

“Construction of toilet at PED division & Ramp for disable persons, Replacement of wooden flooring of VIP Suit - 2 at 2 Work in Progress 11.43 Guest House-1 and Renovation of toilet behind Stationary Building at CRRI.”

“Renovation of Adm. Block at second floor (Raj Bhasha Hindi, 3 Work in Progress 34.28 E- I, Purchase & Photo Section) at CRRI”.

“Renovation/Alteration in the existing photometric lab for 4 Work in Progress 9.15 developing Noise/Vibration lab of TP division at CRRI.”

136 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Quality Management

Quality Management Division is responsible to as defined in the Quality Manual and the Quality ensure that IS/ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System Procedures were focused. The non- System operates effectively and efficiently in the conformity reports (NCR) and corrective action Institute. Besides, adopting higher level of quality report (CAR) were communicated to the auditees for standards in the working of the Institute is also ensuring the corrective and preventive actions. The the mandate of the division during the year ,the action taken by the auditees were verified during division was engaged in conducting internal quality the subsequent aud NC’s were closed. audits: discussing the findings of the audit in the Two Internal Quality Audit of the Institute were management review committee meetings; ensuring carried out during 18/05/2015 to 22/05/2015 and the Institute’s readiness for the external audits to 02/11/2015 to 06/11/2015 to check whether the IS/ be conducted by certification agency i.e Bureau of ISO 9001:2008 QMS is effectively and efficiently Indian Standards (BIS) for the surveillance audit for in place in the Institute. The audit findings were higher level of quality standards in the working of discussed in the Management Review Meeting. the Institute. Internal Quality Audits (IQA) Management Review Meeting (MRM) After the internal quality audits, the findings of the The Internal Quality Audits are systematic audit and its reports were discussed in the detail and independent examination of the system to in the Management Review Committee. Besides the determine whether the planned arrangements are finding of the audits, the gray areas related to the implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve functioning of the Institute were also discussed and the objectives. The audit was carried out by trained resolved to ensure that Institute’s work is carried quality auditors of the Institute with the following out as per the planned arrangements. The Quality objective: Policies and Quality Objectives were reviewed to z To determine the conformity or non-conformity make them in line with each other keeping in view of the quality system elements with specified the mandate of Institute. The Quality Objectives requirements. were reviewed to ensure that they are quantifiable z To determine the effectiveness of the and measureable to meet the QMS requirement. implemented quality system in meeting the specified quality objectives. Modification and Updation of Quality System Procedure (QSPs) z To provide the auditee with an opportunity to improve the quality system. The Quality System Procedures - the procedures (QSPs) of the division/section activities were in z To meet regulatory requirements. place since February 2003.Since then many changes During the internal audit, two aspects namely the i.e., addition/deletion in the procedures have been requirements of the quality management system done. The QSPs were modified and updated.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 137 Rajbhasha jktHkk"kk fgUnh dk iz;ksx esa rFkk vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl ds {ks= ls lacafèkr fofHkUu laLFkku esa la?k ljdkj dh jktHkk"kk uhfr dk vuqikyu fo"k;ksa ij rduhdh fjiksVZ] lkjka'k vkSj dk;Z fjiksVZ vkfn lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, jktHkk"kk vuqHkkx }kjk vusd dks fganh esa rS;kj djus esa fofHkUu çHkkxksa dks lgk;rk dh is'kd'k dh xbZA oSKkfudksa us fofHkUu fopkj&xksf"B;ksa esa çdkj ds fØ;kdyki laiUu fd, x,A vuqHkkx us fganh lfØ; :i ls Hkkx fy;k vkSj vius 'kks/k&i= fganh esa esa fnu&çfr&fnu ds useh dk;Z esa vkSj blds vykok çLrqr fd,A laLFkku ds vusd oSKkfudksa us fiNys o"kZ LFkk;h Lo:i okys 'kkldh; dk;Z esa jktHkk"kk ds ç;ksx ds nkSjku fganh esa çdkf'kr fd, x, ,sls lHkh 'kks/k&i=ksa dks c<+kok nsus ds vius ç;kl dks tkjh j[kkA blds ds fy, mu oSKkfudksa dks udn çksRlkgu vkSj çek.ki= fy, jktHkk"kk dk;kZUo;u lfefr dh cSBdsa frekgh çnku fd, x,A vkèkkj ij vk;ksftr dh xbZa vkSj bu cSBdksa esa fy, x, fu.kZ;ksa ij vuqorhZ dkjZokbZ dh xbZA laLFkku esa ljdkj jktHkk"kk vuqHkkx us oSKkfudksa dks muds vuqla/kku dk;Z dh çksRlkgu iqjLdkj ;kstukvksa dks ykxw fd;k x;k ds laca/k esa vius Hkk"k.k@çLrqrhdj.k fganh esa rS;kj ,oa fganh esa mÙke dk;Z djus okys deZpkfj;ksa dks udn djus esa lgk;rk nhA laLFkku ds vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl iqjLdkj vkSj ç'kalki= çnku fd, x,A fnu&çfrfnu ls lacaf/kr rFkk vU; fofo/k fo"k;ksa ij oSKkfudksa ,oa vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk fganh esa Hkk"k.k fn, x,A ;g dk;Z ds dk;Z esa jktHkk"kk ds mi;ksx dks c<+kus ds fy, fganh ekfld vk/kkj ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA deZpkfj;ksa fnol vkSj fganh i[kokM+s dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA dks vf/kd ls vf/kd dk;Z fganh esa djus ds fy, deZpkfj;ksa us fganh lIrkg ds nkSjku vk;ksftr dh çksRlkfgr djus ds fy,] o"kZ dh çR;sd frekgh esa xbZ fofHkUu çfr;ksfxrkvksa esa dkQh vf/kd la[;k esa ßfganh dk;Z'kkyk,aÞ vk;ksftr dh xbZaA jktHkk"kk uhfr Hkkx fy;kA bu çfr;ksfxrkvksa ds fotsrkvksa dks udn dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, vkSj laLFkku ds deZpkfj;ksa dks iqjLdkj vkSj çek.ki= Hkh çnku fd, x,A fganh esa fy[kus rFkk vius fopkj fganh esa O;Dr djus esa Hkkjr ljdkj dh jktHkk"kk uhfr ds vuqlkj] jktHkk"kk lgk;rk nsus ds fy,] dsaæh; lM+d vuqla/kku laLFkku vuqHkkx us vU; vuqHkkxksa dks fofHkUu çdkj ds nLrkostksa dh oSKkfud if=dk ßlM+d niZ.kÞ ds ckjgosa vad dk dk vuqokn djus esa lgk;rk nhA fganh esa i=kpkj djus çdk'ku fd;k x;kA

Hindi Saptah Samaroh, September 8-15, 2014 138 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Rajbhasha

Hindi Pakhwada (Fortnight) Official Language, Ministry of Home Affairs. Hindi Pakhwara was organized during Sept. 14– The closing ceremony & Prize Distribution ceremony 29, 2015. Several Competitions such as Essay of Hindi Pakhwara was organized on 29th Sept. writing, Technical Paper Presentation, Patriotic 2015. Dr. S. Gangopadhyay, Director, CSIR-CRRI poem recitation, Anecdote Narration, Debate and presided over the closing ceremony. Sh. Harinder Hindi speech were organised. The pakhwara was Kumar, Director Deptt of Official Language, Ministry marked by the presence of eminent dignitaries like of Home Affairs delivered the keynote lecture on Dr. Sarojini Pritam, famous Hindi poet, Smt. Mohini this occasion. He dwelt upon the role of Hindi in Hingorani, Director, Ministry of Civil Aviation and official work and the need to ensure its progressive Shri M.S. Kathait, Ex Deputy Director, Deptt of use in our day to day work.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 139 Rajbhasha

vU; xfrfof/k;ka • dks;yk ds lkFk vk, vif'k"V iRFkj ,oa iRFkj feJ.k ds lnqi;ksx ls fVdkÅ lM+dksa dk fuekZ.k fganh esa rduhdh çLrqrhdj.k Koyla ke Saath Aaye Apshisht Pathar Evam Hindi Lecture/ Technical Presentations in Hindi Pathar Mishran ke Sadupyog Se Tikaoo Sarakon • dkyh dikl feêh ds fLFkjhdj.k ds fy, ydM+h ds pw.kZ ka Nirman dk mi;ksx – Dr Sangita, FP, 17/09/2015 Kali Kapaas Mitti ke Sthirikaran ke Liye Lakari • 'kgjh Mkej lM+dksa dk lhesaV daØhV ijr ls lq–<+hdj.k ke Churna ka Upyog Shehari Damar Sarakon ka Cement Concrete – Sri Alok Ranjan, GTE, 22/04/2015 Parat Se Sudridhikaran • flfoy bathfu;jh vuqç;ksxksa ds fy, uSuks rduhd – Sri Binod Kumar, PMCTG, 16/02/2016 Civil Engineery Anuprayogon ke Liye Nano • iSny ;kf=;ksa dh lsok ds Lrj dks ekius ds fy, ,d Technic i)fr – Dr Rina Singh, ES, 22/04/2015 Paidal Yatri Ki Sewa ke Satar ko Maapne ke Liye • daØhV esa LVhy dk la{kkj.k Ek Padhati Concrete Mein Steel ka Sanksharan – Dr Mukti Advani, TP, 16/02/2016 – Dr V V L Kanta Rao, BAS, 20/08/2015

140 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the INSTITUTE Events Other Activities of the Institute

Anti-Terrorism Day attended by participants from Nepal , Bangladesh ,Myanmar and representatives from U.K. and Anti-Terrorism Day is observed in the country Members of National Coordination Committee of every year on 21st May to wean away the people India. specially youth from terrorism and cult of violence by enlightening the suffering of the common people Institutional Sports meet at CSIR-CRRI due to commission of such acts and showing how it CRRI Recreation Club organized an In-house Sports is prejudicial to the national interest. tournament from 10th September, 2015 to 21st A pledge taking ceremony on of the observance of the September, 2015. The main events were Volley anti-terrorism day was held on May 21, 2015 which Ball, Table tennis (Ladies & Gents). A cultural was attended by staff members of the Institute. programme was also organized on 29th Sept. ,2015 which comprised Antakshari for Ladies Vs Gents, World Environment Day Songs, Play, skits, etc. The prizes were given to the The Institute celebrated the World Environment winners and runner-ups of the sports events. Day on June 5, 2015. On this occasion, Dr. S. Gangopadhyay, Director, CSIR-CRRI planted a tree Hindi Pakhwara in the CRRI Lawn. Hindi Pakhwara was organized from September 14-29, 2015 at CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi. Several Celebration of CRRI Foundation Day competitions like Essay writing, Technical paper CRRI Foundation Day was celebrated on July 16, presentation, Patriotic Poem Recitation, Anecdote 2015. On this occasion, Dr. M.O. Garg, Director Narration, Debate and Hindi speech were General - CSIR, was the Chief Guest and organized during the week. The Hindi Pakhwara inaugurated the recently renovated Reception Hall was inaugurated by Dr. Sudhir Mathur, Chief of CRRI main building. Dr. Garg addressed all the Scientist CRRI. The Pakhwara was marked by the scientist during in Foundation Day lecture and presence of eminent dignitaries like Dr. Sarojini stress for innovative research to fulfill the needs of Pritam, famous Hindi poet and Smt. Mohini the society . A Scientists Meet was also held during Hingorani, Director, Ministry of Civil Aviation, Dr. 16-17 July 2015 as a part of CRRI Foundation day S.Gangopadhyay, Director CSIR-CRRI presided over celebrations. All HoDs /Group Coordinators made the closing ceremony held on 29th September 2015. presentations with various plans and programmes Shri Harinder Kumar, Director, Deptt. Of Official to achieve inline to the Government of India polices, Language, Ministry of Home Affairs delivered the CSIR-CRRI vision and to reach out to common keynote lecture on this occasion. He dwelt upon the men. role of Hindi in official work and the need to ensure its progressive use in day to day work. Independence Day Function On the occasion of 68th Independence day, Dr. CRRI Research Council Meeting S.Gangopadhyay , Director, CSIR-CRRI hoisted the The 118th CSIR-CRRI Research Council meetings National Flag on August 15, 2015. The Function under the Chairmanship of Dr. M.R. Madhav, was attended by the CRRI staff members and their Professor, Emeritus JNTU, Hyderabad were held on family members. Devotion and patriotic songs were 22nd -23rd September 2015. Besides the RC members, recited by the wards of CRRI family members on Area Advisors, HODs and Sr. Scientists attended this occasion. the meeting. Presentations on 12th Five Year Plan Projects, Sponsored R&D Projects and In-house R&D Meeting of Asia Community Access Project Projects etc. were made by the Scientists. (ASCAP) CSIR Foundation Day The first Regional Coordination Committee Meeting of Asia Community Access Project (ASCAP) held at CSIR Foundation Day was celebrated on September CRRI, New Delhi on 30-31 August. The meeting was 26, 2015. Dr. S. Gangopadhyay, Director CRRI

142 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

addressed all the staff members and highlighted the additional major issues namely anticipation of journey of progress of CRRI over the year. Prizes landslide hazards through large scale landslide were given by the Ms. D. Vijayalakshmi, COA to hazard mapping and science, engineering and the winners of various competitions organized innovation in landslide investigation, studies and by CRRI for the children of CRRI employees. The management. employees of CRRI, who had completed 25 years of A back grounder version (five numbers) along service in CSIR and all those who had retired during with the draft recommendations were circulated September 2014 to August 2015, were honoured and and posted on INAE website for e-participation, mementoes were presented to them by the Director. two months in advance, for the feedback which The function was graced by invited Guest, scientists was continuously analyzed for updating the and employees and ex-colleagues of CRRI. backgrounder, the draft recommendations and their One Day Workshop on 7th October 2015 basis. The Institute has completed a prestigious project The recommendations of the second round table on “Development of Management System for meeting will be submitted to the Government of Maintenance Planning and Budgeting of High India and the concerned higher authorities for Speed Road Corridors”. The study comprises of further necessary action. From INAE side, Dr. R.K. both pavements and bridges. Hence, two separate Bhandari, Chairman of INAE Forum for Engineering management systems namely Pavement Maintenance Interventions in Disaster Mitigation was the main Management System (PMMS) including Road User architect of the RTM. Cost equations for high speed corridors under Road CSIR-CRRI Welcomes New Year 2016 Module and Bridge Maintenance Management System (BMMS) under Bridge Module have been A get-together was organised at CSIR-CRRI on developed. January 1, 2016 on the occasion of arrival of New Year Day. The Acting Director addressed the staff To disseminate the outcome of this project and members and highlighted the achievements of the to demonstrate the developed systems among institute during the preceding Year 2015. Dr. Sudhir key stakeholders such as the NHAI, MoRTH, Mathur, in his address exhorted Scientists of CRRI, Concessioners, Consultants etc., a one day especially the Young Scientists to focus more on workshop has been organised on 07th October, R&D work in the coming year and expressed his best 2015 (Wednesday) in CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi. wishes to the staff members and their families. Prof. The workshop was inaugurated by Sh. S. N. Das, Satish Chandra, new Director (CRRI) met all regular Director General (Road Development), and Special staff of CRRI on 21/1/16 in the front lawn of CRRI. Secretary, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways and about 60 engineers from various organisations Special Research Council Meeting have participated in this workshop. A special Research Council meeting of CRRI was held on 4th February 2016. The purpose of this Second Round Table Meeting on Anticipation special RC was to prepare a document containing of Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping and the roadmap of the Institute; both short term (next Engineering Interventions in Landslide Risk 2-3 years) as well as long term (8-10 years) plans for Reduction research. The second Round Table meeting was held on During the meeting about 30 R&D topics were November 4, 2015 at CRRI, jointly with the Forum identified for research in near future. on Engineering interventions for Disaster Mitigating Prof Satish Chandra, Director CSIR-CRRI informed of the Indian National Academy of Engineering that this special meeting has been convened (INAE). The main objective was to build taller on to identify the research activities and their the recommendations of first roundtable meeting translational outcomes in the short, medium as well by extending the technical discourse to the two as long term. He presented his Vision and Roadmap

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 143 Events Other Activities of the Institute

for the CRRI, which was appreciated by all. He Day Lecture on “Scattering of Light: Rayleigh, Raman emphasized on research in frontal areas providing and Recent Research”. On this occasion, Prof Satish indigenous solutions to native problems and having Chandra, Director CSIR-CRRI also highlighted the International projects to help developing nation background of celebrating National Science Day. to build cheaper long lasting and durable roads. Shri T.K. Amla, proposed the vote of Thanks and He added that the recruitment of scientists is very conveyed gratefulness to Chief Guest for sparing his important as there is an accumulation of scientists valuable time. at senior levels. Conference on Sustainable Asphalt Pavement Hon’ Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister of for Developing Countries (CONSAP-2016) Science & Technology, Govt. of India, visited CSIR-CRRI organized a Conference on Sustainable CRRI Asphalt Pavement for Developing Countries Hon’ Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister of Science (CONSAP-2016) on 11th & 12th March 2016. Shri & Technology, Govt. of India, visited CRRI on R.K. Pandey, Member (Technical) NHAI, was the 27/02/2016. The Minister addressed all Senior Chief Guest and Dr. P.K. Garg, Vice Chancellor; Scientist. A meeting held between Minister & all Uttarakhand University was the Guest of Honor. Area Advisors/Group Coordinators/HODs, Heads About 200 delegates attended the conference. of Administration, Finance & Purchase which was The CONSAP 2016 aims to discuss the state-of-the followed by the visit to various R&D Labs of the art technologies pertaining to pavement design, Institute. The Minister visited to the APTF site maintenance, use of marginal materials in road and other major facilities available at the Institute. construction, rehabilitation and management Dr. Harsh Vardhan also met the young Scientists systems for pavements in developing countries. & Students and encourage them to do R&D for CONSAP 2016 is focused on sustainable pavement Common man of the Society and for the national materials and sustainable pavement design, testing benefit as a whole. and evaluation, and management of pavement Celebration of National Science Day infrastructures. To commemorate the discovery of Raman Effect CSIR-CRRI also put its stall, showcasing its latest made by Sir C.V. Raman, the Institute celebrated technologies and R&D outputs, in the technical National Science Day on February 29, 2016. exhibition organized during the conference which Prof. Rao Tataverti, Sr. Prof. & Director (Research was participated by 30 organizations comprising & Consultancy), GVP-SIRC, GVP College of R&D organizations, Consulting firms, Manufacturers, Engineering”, Madhurawada, Visakhapatnam (AP) Equipment suppliers, etc. showcasing their was the Chief Guest and delivered National Science products.

144 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

Tree Plantation by Dr. S.Gangopadhyay Director CSIR-CRRI on World Environment Day 5th June,2015

Glimpses of CSIR-CRRI Foundation Day Celebration on July 16, 2015

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 145 Events Other Activities of the Institute

Glimpses of CSIR-CRRI Foundation Day Celebration on July 16, 2015 (contd....)

Celebration of Independence Day, August 15, 2015

Meeting of Road Research Managers of ASCAP, August 30-31, 2015 at CSIR-CRRI

146 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

Meeting of Road Research Managers of ASCAP, August 30-31, 2015 at CSIR-CRRI

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 147 Events Other Activities of the Institute

Glimpses of Institutional Sports meet at CSIR-CRRI on 10-21 September, 2015

148 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

Glimpses of Hindi Pakhwara at CSIR-CRRI from 14-29 September, 2015

Glimpses of Research Council Meetings at CSIR-CRRI

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 149 Events Other Activities of the Institute

Glimpses of Special Research Council Meetings at CSIR-CRRI

150 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

Celebration of CSIR Foundation Day

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 151 Events Other Activities of the Institute

Glimpses of Workshop on Development of Management System for Maintenance Planning and Budgeting of High Speed Road Corridors at CSIR-CRRI on 7th October, 2015

152 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

Glimpses of Second Round Table meeting on Anticipation of Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping and Engineering Interventions in Landslide Risk Reduction at CSIR-CRRI on 4th November, 2015

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 153 Events Other Activities of the Institute

Celebration of New Year Function

154 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

Glimpses of visit of Hon’ Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister of Science & Technology, Govt. of India, to CSIR-CRRI on 27th February, 2016

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 155 Events Other Activities of the Institute

Celebration of National Science Day, 29th February, 2016

156 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Events

Glimpses of Conference on Sustainable Asphalt Pavement for Developing Countries (CONSAP-2016) on 11-12th March, 2016

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 157 Honour/Awards Other Activities of the Institute

• Dr. Ch. Ravi Sekhar, Senior Scientist, this award during the SKOTCH summit held Transportation Planning Division has received on 10th December 2015 at India Habitat Centre, Indian Roads Congress (IRC)'s Pt. Jawaharlal New Delhi Nehru Birth Centenary Award for the Year • Dr. Errampalli Madhu, Principal Scientist 2014. He has received this award for his last received Construction Industry Development five year research contributions (2009-2014) Council (CIDC) Vishwakarma Award 2016 in the area of Highway and Transportation on 7th March 2016. The award was presented Engineering. The award was presented during to him by the Chairman, CIDC on 7th March th 76 Indian Roads Congress (IRC) annual 2016 for outstanding work in the area of session was held at Indore, during 18-22 Dec., Highway and Transportation. 2015.

• Skoch Order of Merit Award 2015: 12th • The Best Research Paper award was presented Five Year Plan Project, Development and to Gender - Dr. Mukti Advani and Dr. Purnima Application of Technologies for Sustainable Parida, Scientists on the occasion of Urban Transportation System (SUSTRANS), has Mobility of India 2015. received Skotch Order of Merit Award 2015 • Dr. Purnima Parida, Scientist received Highly under the category of Smart Technology. Dr. E. Commended Paper Award for paper entitled Madhu, Champion of this project had received "Effect of type of lead Vehicle on following head way behaviour in mixed traffic" by Dr. Ravindra Kumar, Dr. Purnima Parida presented the paper in 8th UMI Conference & Expo, December, 2015. • Dr. Rakesh Kumar, Scientist has been recognized as an external reviewer for the review of American Concrete Institute (ACI) report Revision on the Use of Flyash in Concrete, i.e., ACI 232.2R submitted by ACI Committee 232, USA.

158 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Other Activities of the Institute Lecture Delivered

S.No. Topic Place and Date Presented by 1 Bridge Inspection, Maintenance & Repairs, IAHE, Noida Dr. P. Lakshmy BMS and Instrumentation & Performance 8 April, 2015 Monitoring of Bridges

2 Environmental Clearance Process” during PUSA Polytechnic, New Dr Neeraj Short-term Course on “Environmental Delhi, Sharma Studies and Awareness 29 April,2015 3 CII’s Delhi Environment Summit: Towards a New Delhi Dr Neeraj Clean and Green Society. Air Pollution and 5 June 2015 Sharma Ways of Improving Air Quality

4 Workshop on “Project Preparation and Repair/ Lucknow Sh. G.K. Sahu Rehabilitation of Bridges & Flyovers” 5-6 June 2015 5 Condition Survey and Detailed Investigations Lucknow Dr. P. Lakshmy During the above mentioned Workshop 10-11 June 2015 on “Project Preparation and Repair/ Rehabilitation of Bridges & Flyovers” 6 Concrete Pavements and White Topping Dehradun Binod Kumar 11 July, 2015, 7 Innovation in Concrete Technology Dehradun Binod Kumar 11 July 2015 8 “Condition Survey and Detailed Raipur (Chattishgarh), Dr. P. Lakshmy Investigations of Bridges during the 7-8 August 2015 Workshop on “Project Preparation and Repair/ Rehabilitation of Bridges & Structures 9 Bearings, & Expansion Joints – Function, IAHE, Noida Dr. S.S. Gaharwar Type, Suitability, Design Requirements 31 August- 4 Sept. 2015

10 Balance of Concrete and Bitumen Roads in Singapore Binod Kumar India –Implications and Cost 2-4 September, 2015, 11 Design, Specifications and Quality Control of Chandigarh, Mohali Binod Kumar Concrete Roads 18 September, 2015,

12 Climate Change and Co-Benefits of Road New Delhi Dr. Anuradha Transport Policies at the Training Workshop 22 to 24 September, 2015. Shukla Understanding Climate and Health Associations in India

13 Design and Construction of Cross-Drainage Moradabad Dr. P. Lakshmy Structures and Bridges – An Overview 17 October 2015

14 Role of Structural Fasteners in Ensuring New Delhi S.S. Gaharwar Quality Assurance and Safety of Bridges 28 November, 2015 Kamalika Pal During Construction Dr. R.K. Garg

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 159 Lecture Delivered Other Activities of the Institute

S.No. Topic Place and Date Presented by 15 Bridge Maintenance Management System, IAHE, Noida Dr. P. Lakshmy Bridge Inventory, Bridge Inspection and 4 Jan. to 12 Mar.,2016 Condition Survey and Maintenance, Repair& Replacement of Bearings & Expansion Joint, Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit

16 Use of Fly Ash in Road Construction- Bhubaneswar. U K Guru Vittal Technical and Specification Issues” at 8 January 2016 Workshop on “ Fly Ash Utilization in Road Construction”

17 Road Asset Management Data From UPPWD, Lucknow Dr. Devesh Functional and Structural Evaluation at 17 February, 2016 Tiwari Workshop on Road Asset Management for the Engineers of UPPWD, Lucknow

18 Modern Data Collection Techniques for UPPWD, Lucknow Pradeep Kumar Pavement Evaluation at Workshop on Road 17 February, 2016 Asset Management for the Engineers of UPPWD, Lucknow

19 “Need of Environmentally Sustainable Urban PHD House, New Delhi Dr. Anuradha Transport System in India” 2 March 2016 Shukla

20 Recycled Concrete Aggregates and Chennai V.V.L. Kanta Rao Developments in India, ACESE-16 30 March to 1 April, 2016.

21 Air Pollution and Ways of Improving Air CII, Delhi Dr Neeraj Sharma Quality” Environment Summit towards a Clean and Green Society.

160 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Technical Training, Deputation etc. CRRI Scientists/Staff Deputation for Training

CRRI Scientists / Staff Deputed for Training 2015-2016

S. Area of Training Staff Nominated Date Venue No. 1 Workshop on Recent Advances in Ajay Kumar Dhall 7-8 May, 2015 CSIR-SERC, Structural Engineering (RASE 2015) Chennai 2 jktHkk"kk uhfr dk izHkkoh dk;kZUo;u ,oa Sanjay Choudhary 19-21 May, CSIR-HRDC at O;ogkfjdrk 2015 Ghaziabad 3 One Day Training Programme on Dr. R.N. Dutta, 22 May 2015 Fortinet Office, Fortigate 800 UTM Modules Vivek Dubey, New Delhi, S. Mariappan, Organized by Manpreet Singh, Fortinet, New Raj Sekhar, Delhi. Ms. Reeta Rani, Vijay Kaushal 4 Multivariate Data Analysis Sh Dinesh Ganvir 1-6 June, 2016 Management Development Programme Kharagpur

5 International Summer & Winter Term Kashif Quamar 29 June–10 July IIT Kharagpur, 2015 Course on “Deep Foundations Inqualabi 2015 including Seismic and Offshore Applications” 6 Sexual Harassment of Women at Kamini Gupta 16-17 July 2015 HRDC, Workplace: Preventions, Redressals & Ghaziabad Procedures

7 Science Administration and Research Dr. A. Mohan Rao 17 August 2015 ASCI, Hyderabad Management 8 Science and Technology for Rural Dr Neelima 24-28 August, Indian Institute Societies for Women Scientists & Chakraborty 2015 of Public Technologists Administration (IIPA), New Delhi 9 Capacity Building Programme for Rajesh Rana, 24-28 August HRDC, Technical Officers Satish Kumar, 2015 Ghaziabad Mrs. Shanta Kumar 10 Knowledge Management & Knowledge Ms. Farhat Azad 07-11 Indian Institute Sharing in Organization September of Public 2015 Administration (IIPA), New Delhi 11 7th Capacity Building Programme for K.J.S. Kapoor 23 September, IIPA, New Delhi Technical Personnel Surendra Verma 2015 to 9 October. 2015

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 161 CRRI Scientists/Staff Deputation for Training Technical Training, Deputation etc.

S. Area of Training Staff Nominated Date Venue No. 12 Laboratory Management System & R S Bhardwaj 28 September. Chandigarh Internal Auditing as per Is/ISO/IEC Y C Tiwari to 1 October, 17025:2005 2015,

13 fMftVy ehfM;k ds ek/;e ls fgUnh esa foKku lat; pkS/kjh 14-16 vDVwcj] ,pvkjMhlh] lapkj Dr B K Durai 2015 xkft;kckn D Ravinder

14 Science and Technology for Rural Dr Rajeev Kumar 2-6 November, Indian Institute Societies Garg 2015 of Public Dr Purnima Parida Administration D Ravinder (IIPA), New Delhi

15 Geotechnical Issues Related to Earthen Alok Ranjan 2-4 December, CSMRS, New Embankments 2015 Delhi

162 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Technical Training, Deputation etc. Deputation Abroad

S. Name of Scientist Country Visited Purpose No. 1 Dr. S. Padma University of To persue PhD at University of Leeds, UK Leeds, UK 2011-2015 2 Dr. S. Gangopadhyay Kathmandu, Nepal To attend Regional Coordination Meeting for Asian Shri T.K. Amla 5-7 April,2015 Community Accessibility Project (ASCAP). 3 Shri T.K. Amla Sydney, Australia To attend and put a CRRI Exhibition Stall in the Shri B.K. Durai 4-6 May, 2015 India Pavilion in the IRF and Road Australia Regional Conference on Innovation for the Future. Shri T.K. Amla, Chief Scientist, Chaired a Session on Road Safety on Work Site during the Conference. 4 Dr. Kishore Kumar Myanmar Deputed under Bilateral Partnership Programme of Shri Kanwar Singh 13-17 July, 2015 India and Myanmar to Study and Ascertain the Best Shri Manoj Shukla Possible Alignment of the Kalewa-Yagni Road Section of the Trilateral Highway in Myanmar, 5 Dr. Devesh Tiwari China To attend and Present Paper Entitled Effect of Higher 9-13 August, 2015 Axle Load on the Flexible Pavement in India using Heavy Vehicle Simulator in 9th International Conference on Road and Air- Field Pavement Technology. 6 Shri Binod Kumar Singapore Presented a Paper on “Balance of Bituminous and 2-4 September, concrete Pavement in India” in Argus Asia Pacific 2015 International Conference on Bitumen Organised by Argus ASIA Pacific International, Singapore 7 Dr. C. Ravi Sekhar Cebu, Philippines To attend and make Presentation in 11th Eastern Asia 11-14 September, Society for Transportation Studies (EASTS) 2015 2015 International Conference. 8. Shri Ashutosh Arun Belgium Award of VLIR-UIO Scholarship for the International 17 Sept. to Training Programme (ITP) Road Safety in Low and 11 Dec., 2015 Middle Income Countries: Challenges and Strategies for Improvement being Organised by Transportation Research Institute of Hasselt University, Belgium. 9 Shri R.C. Agarwal Myanmar Participation in Technical Exhibition during 4th Shri M.K. Meena 29 Oct. to Enterprises India Show, Organised by CII. 1 Nov., 2015 10 Dr. S. Gangopadhyay London, UK To attend the Joint Meeting of Steering Committee, 11-12 Nov., 2015 Executive Committee and Technical Panel for DFID Funded Programme ReCAP. 11 Shri Gajender Kumar Liverpool, UK To attend and present a paper on Studies on Modified 24-25 Feb. 2016 Asphalt based Crack and Joint Repair System for Rigid and Asphalt Pavement in 15th Annual International Conference at Liverpool, UK

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 163 Student Trainees Technical Training, Deputation etc.

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued

ABES Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad Akarsh Singh B.Tech Ulilisation of Waste Material (Jarosite) in PQC and DLC Mixes Ashish Pandey B.Tech -Do-

Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Noida Rohit Dahiya M.Tech (Structural Analysis and Design of Prestressed Concrete Bridges Engineering) Shikha Sachan M.Tech (Structural -Do- Engineering) Sumit Rathi M.Tech (Structural -Do- Engineering)

Anna University, Chennai Vishnu Vardhan B V T M.E Transportation Estimation of Delay at Signalised Intersections Engineering

BHU, Varanasi Mukesh Kumar MSc (Tech) Pilot Study on Measurement of Particulate Matter in Different Commuting Micro-Enviornment and their Health Impacts on Commuters

Birla Institute of Technology (BITS), Pilani Abhinav Kumar B.E Smart Journey Planning using Satellite Imagery and GIS Pokharna Database

Aman Kumar B.E Application of GIS for the Representation and the Integration of Data Pertaining to the Road Network of Muzaffarpur

Anurag Goyal B.E Improvement of Sustainability Index based on Dempster Shafer Engine - A Case Study of Delhi

Anvit Kumar Mittal B.E Suggest Suitable Mitigation Measures with Engineering Solution and Transportation Planning Solution to Reduce Fuel Losses and Emissions at Signalised Intersections.

Ashutosh S Jadhav B.E Design of Integrated Road Asset Management for Road Network Planning, Design and Management Dharmdeep Singh B.E Development of Sustainable Transportation Mode Choice Scenario Mayank Mishra B.E Mitigation Measures to Combat Traffic Delay at Intersection

164 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Technical Training, Deputation etc. Student Trainees

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University Kavitha R M.E. Transportation Highway based Bus Route Assignment for Cluster Buses Engineering in Delhi Shankara S M.E Transportation Developoment of Speed Flow Models for Four Lane Divided Engineering Urban Roads in India

Deen Dayal Chottu Ram University of Science and Technology Vishal B.Tech Utilisation of Waste Material (Jarosite) in PQC and DLC Mixes Delhi Technological University, Delhi Asif Hussain M.Tech Optimisation of Sustainability Index of Sustainable (Environmental Transport System by Adding and Analysing New Parameters Engineering) Using Multi-criteria Approach MS Anjana Reghu M.Tech Prediction of Roadside Air Quality Using Artificial Neural (Environmental Network Model Engineering)

DPG, Polytechnic Gurgoan Arun Bansal Diploma in Machine Shop Mechanical Engineering

Dr. B.R.Ambedkar NIT, Jallandhar Asha Meena B.Tech Design of Rigid Pavement (IRC:58), 2011 Technical Specification and Highway Material Testing

Echelon Institute of Technology, Faridabad Ajay B.Tech Geotechnical Investigation/ Soil Nailing Pankaj B.Tech Geotechnical Investigation/ Shearing Strength of Soil Rohit Singh B.Tech Geotechnical Investigation

Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida Arun Kumar Kashyap Integrated M.Tech Development of High Early Strength High Voulme Flyash 5 year Concrete Using Micro-Fine Slag Nihariak Shukla Integrated M.Tech Performance Monitoring of Bridges through 5 year Instrumentation Nishant Tyagi Integrated M.Tech Push Over Analysis- Checking the Vuluerability of a 5 year Building Under Earthquake Risk to Avert the Failure of the Building. Prashant Singh Integrated M.Tech Use of Construction and Demolition Waste for Structural 5 year Applications.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 165 Student Trainees Technical Training, Deputation etc.

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued Raghu Raghuvanshi Integrated M.Tech Effect of FRP Wrap on Tensional Resitenance of Riceans 5 year

Priya Yadav Integrated M.Tech Performance Monitoring of Bridges using Instrumentation 5 year

GITAM University, Vishakapatnam Ashok Kinjarapu B.Tech Public Transport Assignment in NCR - Delhi

Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad Siksha D Asukar M.E Utilisation of Lignin as an Anti-Oxidant in Asphalt Binder

HRM Institute of Technology and Management, Hamidpur, Delhi

Akash Kumar B,Tech Web-Portal of CRRI-RTI for CRRI Intranet

IIMT College of Engineering, Greater Noida Shubham Saurabh B.Tech Performance Monitoring of Bridges through Instrumentation

Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) , Delhi Sanjana B.Tech Capacity Estimation of Six-lane Highways under Adverse Weather Conditions

Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur Vaibhav Bhatnagar Masters in City Satisfaction Analysis for the Performance of Delhi Metro Planning Rail Service

Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee

Naveen Kulkarni M.Tech Quality Certification of Road Infrastructure

Shashi Prabha Singh M.Tech Capacity Analysis of Pedestrian Facilities – WP 7 ( Under the Development of Indo- HCM

Anshuman Sharma M.Tech Effect of Pavement Characterisation on Free Flow Speed & Roadway Capacity

Ashish Walia M.Tech Estimation of Free Flow Speed and its Influence on Capacity of Two-Lane Roads

Jawaharwal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad Challapalli Jyotsna M.Tech Capacity Estimation of Outer Ring Road Expressway, (Transportation Hyderabad Engineering)

166 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Technical Training, Deputation etc. Student Trainees

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued Gatala Jayadeep M.Tech Evaluation of Bus Frequency and Quality of Service - A Meenan Case Study Delhi Gode Sivarama M.Tech Developing Capacity and Level of Service Models for Krishna Reddy Bicycles in Mized Traffic Conditions Kannelli Venkata M.Tech Performance Properties of Cement, Stabilized Burnt Brick Srinivas Ballest for Granular Layers Pendyala Phani M.Tech Estimation of Level of Service for Urban Roads Sindhusha (Transportation Engineering) R Meghala M.Tech Evaluation of Road Sagety Improvements and Cost-Benefit (Transportation Analysis - A Case Study NOIDA Expressway Engineering)

L D College of Engineering, Ahmedabad Shikha D Asuker M.Tech Utilisation of Lignin as an Anti-Oxidant in Asphalt Binder

Lingaya,s University Raunak Kishore B.Tech Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (Mechanical)

M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology C Ashish Hirematt B.Tech Capacity Estimation for Curved and Straight Sections in Rolling Terrain on Multilane Interurban Highways in India Dheeraj M B.E Study Related to Pedestrian's Speed, Behaviour and Safety at Signalized Intersection Nandeesh Babanagar B.E Study Related to Drivers and Pedestrians Choice of Speed and Behaviour at Signalised Intersection in Delhi on NH-2

Maharaja Sayajrao University of Baroda Dave Darshan Dilip M.Tech Urban Roadway Capacity Estimation by Incorporating Dynamic Passenger Car Units

Patel Parinkumar M.Tech -do- Hasmukh Bhai Md Afroj B.Tech Model Development for Spatial -Temporal Variation of Urban Roadway Capacity National institute of Technical Teacher's Training and Research, Bhopal Khushwant Singh M.Tech Comparative Study on Bituminous Concrete Mixes using Bhagat Waste Materials (Steel Slag and Modified Crumb Rubber Binder

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 167 Student Trainees Technical Training, Deputation etc.

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued National Institute of Technology (NIT), Calicut Amandeep Singh M.Tech Welfare Impacts of Congestion Pricing: Delhi - A Case Study G Vasu Dev M.Tech Capacity Calculation for an Unsignalised Intersection in Indo-HCM Harsha Soman M.Tech( Traffic Study of Drivers Coping Behavior under Stress Situation & Transportation Planning) Jeeva P. Winto M.Tech Study of Driver’s Driving Performance on Driving Slmulator Rachana Sahoo M.Tech Development of Sustainability Index for Feeder Transport System at Metro Station Prashant Nisorta M.Tech Transport Sustainability Index for Feeder System and Parking Facilities at Metro Station National Institute of Technology (NIT), Kurukshetra Akash Gupta M.Tech Pavement Performance Prediction Models and their use in Road Asset Management National Institute of Technology (NIT), Patna Mayur R Chopde M.Tech Sensitivity Analysis of Vehicular Loading and Traffic Pattern using HDM-4 for High Speed Road Corridor National Institute of Technology (NIT), Suratkal Sathish Kumar S M.Tech Estimation of Capacity and Level of Service for Urban Roads Vishwajeet Kishore M.Tech Bus Travel Demand Assignment Verma National Institute of Technology (NIT), Warangal Kunwar Tanveer M.Tech Laboratory Investigation of Marginal Aggregarte for the Bhushan Application in Road Construction Mayank Kumar M.Tech Analysis o f Spot Speed and Classifed Traffic Volume on Chourasia PVNR Expressway and Outer Ring Road, Hyderabad NITK, Surathkal Satishkumar S M.Tech Estimation of Capacity and Level of Service for Urban (Transportation Roads Engineering) Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida Shubham Dixit B.Tech Analysis and Design of Superstructure of 2 Lane SKEW Ridge having Span of 20 m by using STAAD Software

168 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Technical Training, Deputation etc. Student Trainees

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued Northern India Engineering College Anurag B.Tech Geotechnical Investigation Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gujrat Siddarth Gupta M.Tech Multi Criteria Analysis Method for Pavement Maintenance and Management Parul Institute of Engineering and Technology Bhudhrani Ronak S M.E Transportation Understanding Idling Fuel Consumption for a Typical Engineering Vehicle at Signalised Intersection in Delhi

PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh Shubham Sehgal B.Tech Estimation of Saturation Flow at Signalised Intersections under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions Simran Kaur B.Tech Evaluation of Parking Facilities at Public Transport Terminal Minal Agarwal B.Tech Structural, Safety assessment of Existing Building for Vertical Expansion Siddarth Jain B.Tech Critical Gap Estimation of Roundabout under Mixed Traffic Condition Jasmeet Kaur B.Tech To Study the Need of Feeder Transport Services at Public Transport Terminals

Raj Kumar Goel Engineering College, Pilkhuwa Nishant Thakral B.Tech Analysis and Design of Steel Pedestrian Bridge having Span of 30 m

Shaheed Bhagat Singh State Technical Compus, Ferozepur Akash Bhardwaj B.Tech Geotechnical Investigations on Different Types of Soil Sharda University Shubham Verma B.Tech Plastic Wastes Shri Govindram Seksariya Insitute of Tech and Research ( SGSITS), Indore Akash Parashar M.E Study of New Technology & Policy Guideline Development for Intelligent Transportation System for Public Transport in India Krishna Kumar Gajrani M.E Evaluation of Sustainability of Road Transportation due to Odd-Even Policy in Delhi NCR Sagar Kumar Verma M.E Transportation Design of Semi-Flexible Pavement Wearing Course Engineering Prashant Jain M.E Feasibility Study of Printed Circuit Board Powder or Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Paving Concrete

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 169 Student Trainees Technical Training, Deputation etc.

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued Sree Buddha College of Engineering, Alapuzha, Kerela Abdul Razak S M.Tech (Structural Improvement of Durability of Concrete through Water Engineering) Repellent Coatings

Prince Thankachan M.Tech ( Structural Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges by Modal Engineering) Analysis SVNIT, Surat Prashant G Nisharta M.Tech Transport Sustainability Index for Feeder System and Parking Facilities at Metro Stations Ritika Mishra M.Tech Mechanistic Properties Evaluation for Cement-Flyash Bound Base Course Vinay Gautam M.Tech Structural Evaluation of Flexible Pavement Using Falling Weight Deflectometer Technique

Technical University of Munich-Asia Umang Agarwal MSc (Transport & Development and Evaluation of Sustainable Integrated Logistics) Mass Transportation System Thapar University, Patiala Annu M.E (Infrastructure Sensitivity Analysis of HDM-4 using Case Study Engineering) The Energy and Resources Institute University, New Delhi Amritesh Singh MSc Planning of Transport Services to Better Last Mile (Geoinformatics) Connectivity

University of Petroleum Kunal Choudhary B.Tech EIA and EC Process of Air Pollution Related to Infrastructure Projects

University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun Mayank Joshi B.Tech Study of Noise Reflection and Absorption for Flexible and Rigid Pavement Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Dehradun Sanyam Bhandari B.Tech Testing of Cement, Aggregates and Concrete

Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru, Karnataka Nesar M N B.Tech Assessment of Idling Fuel Consumption of Vehicles (Mechanical) Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belguam Praveen Raju D M.Tech Structural Evaluation of Pavements using Non-Destructive Techniques

170 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Technical Training, Deputation etc. Student Trainees

Course Being Name of Student Title of Training / Research Report Pursued Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi Isha Raheja M.Sc, Environment Impact of Vehicular Pollution on Road Side Residents in Management Heavy Traffic Areas & Sustainable Development

Preksha -do- -do-

Subodhika Vohra -do- Studying the Effects of Air Pollutions on Commuters using Both Public & Private Transport

Tapasya Sharma -do- -do-

School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi Shiv Teja Thoyyeti M. Plan Environmental Considerations in Assessing Level of Service of a Signalizes Intersections

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 171 Visitors

S. Name of Visitors Date of Visit Purpose of Visit No. 1 Prof. Animesh Das 19 May 2015 A Technical Presentation on Studies in Frequency (Professor, IIT Kanpur) Domain for Characterization of Aggregate Shape and Road Surface will be Made 2 A Delegation of Indian 21 July 2015 To get Enlighten with the Scientific Advancements/ Science Talents from Indian Achievements in the Field of Science & Qatar (20 student Technology of the R&D Institution. winners and 5 teachers), supported by VIJNANA BHARTI, India and Embassy of India to Qatar 3 Dr. Ranjna Nagpal ( DDG, 12 Aug. 2015 A Technical Presentation on “Digital India” NIC, New Delhi) 4 A Delegation from 20 Aug. 2015 Their Areas of Interest were Fly Ash Utilization in Brick/ Ministry of Environment, Road Making and Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) Success Bangladesh in Turupur (Tamil Nadu). 5 Prof. Wafaa Saleh of 27 Jan. 2016 A Technical Presentation on “Electric Vehicles to Transport Research Combat Environmental Pollution and Potential Market Institute, Edinburgh in Delhi” Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland UK 6 Hon’ Dr. Harsh Vardhan, 27 Feb. 2016 The Minister Addressed all Senior Scientist. A Meeting Union Minister of held between Minister & all Area Advisors/Group Science & Technology, Coordinators/HODs, Heads of Administration, Finance Govt. of India & Purchase which was followed by the Visit to Various R&D Labs of the Institute. The Minister visited to the APTF Site and other Major Facilities Available at the Institute. Dr. Harsh Vardhan also met the Young Scientist & Students and Encourage them to do R&D for Common Man of the Society and for the National Benefit as a Whole. 7 Dr. M.I. Pinard & Dr. Phil 07 Mar. 2016 Discussions with CRRI Scientists to Explore the Page Green from South Possibility of using New Materials and Technologies for Africa visited CRRI along its use in Low Volume Roads in India, Which shall be with World Bank Official based on South African Experience. The World Bank has desired that CRRI alongwith South African Experts Evolve/Suggest Some Technologies which can be used for some of the Proposed Road Construction in the State of Bihar (Funded by World Bank).

8 A U.S. delegation led 09 Mar. 2016 Discuss the Establishment of An “Indo-U.S. Clean by Dr. Abraham Daniel Energy Centre for Grid/ Transportation Energy Storage” member of US delegation in India

172 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Membership of Staff on Various Technical Committees

S.No. Committee Representative’s Name Position Held

Indian Roads Congress 1 HRB Identification, Monitoring & Research Dr. Lakshmy P. Member Application Committee 2 Indian Roads Congress Dr. Lakshmy P. Council Member 3 Bridge Specification & Standards Committee Dr. Lakshmy P. Member (BSS) 4 Loads and Stresses Committee (B-2) Dr. Lakshmy P. Member-Secretary 5 B-3 Committee (2015-2017) Dr. S.S. Gaharwar Member 6 Rural Road Committee (H-5) Dr. Lakshmy P. Member

7 Concrete (Reinforced & prestressed) Structures Dr. Lakshmy P. Member Committee (B-4) 8 Steel and composite Structure Dr.Lakshmy P. Member Committeen(B-5) 9 Bearing, Joints & Appurtenances Committee Dr. S.S. Gaharwar Member-Secretary (B-6) (2015-2017) 10 Formwork and Temporary Structures G. K. Sahu Member Committee (B-7) (2015-2017) 11 Mechanization & Instrumentation Committee Dr. Lakshmy P. Member-Secretary (G-4) Dr. R. K. Garg (upto Dec.2014) Co-convener (2015-2017) 12 Reduction of Carbon Footprint in Road Dr. Anuradha Shukla Member Construction and Environment (G-3), IRC 13 H-6 and Co-opted Member: H-2 Committees M.N. Nagabhushana Member, 14 Indian Roads Congress Dr. Purnima Parida Council Member

15 H8 (Urban Roads, Streets & Transport) Dr. Ch. Ravi Sekhar Member Committee (2015-17) Dr. Devesh Tiwari Invitee 16 H-1 Committee (Transport Planning, Traffic Dr. Mukti Advani Member Engineering) 17 G2 Committee on HRD T.K. Amla Member 18 Road Maintenance and Asset Management Pradeep Kumar Co-opted Member Committee for 2015-17 19 Mechanization & Instrumentation Committee D.C. Sharma Member (G-4) of IRC 20 General Specifications & Standards Committee D.C. Sharma Member (GSS) of IRC

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 173 Membership of Staff on Various Technical Committees

S.No. Committee Representative’s Name Position held

Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 1 Civil Engineering Division Council, CED Dr. Lakshmy P. Member

2 Plain Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete CED Dr. Rajeev Goel Alternate Member 46:P8 3 Special Structural Committee CED: 38 Dr. Rajeev Kumar Garg Member Dr. Lakshmy P Alternate Member

4 Committee on Aggregates from other than Dr. Devesh Tiwari Member Natural Sources, CED 2/P3', since March, 2014

5 Solid Waste Management Sectional Committee Dr. Anuradha Shukla Chairperson, CHD- 33, Sept.2014 -till date

6 Transport Engineering Department, TED-4 P.V. Pradeep Kumar Member

7 PCD:6 of BIS M.N. Nagabhushana Member

Institute of Urban Transport (India) 1 Institute of Urban Transport Dr. Kayitha Ravinder Honorary Secretary

2 Journal of Institute of Urban Transport Dr. Kayitha Ravinder (Editorial Member)

3 Institute of Urban Transport, New Delhi Dr. Nasim Aktar Member

4 Urban Transport Planning Tool Kit 2013 of IUT Dr. Ravindra Kumar Expert member

National Rural Roads Development Authority (NRRDA)

1 Expert Group for Suggesting Measures for Cost Dr. Lakshmy P. Member Reduction in Rural Roads

2 Appellate Committee to Consider State’s Dr. S.S. Gaharwar Member Appeal in respect of PMGSY Works Notified as having Defects of Non-Rectifiable Nature

3 Empower Committee NRRDA, Govt of India Dr. Ravindra Kumar Member

Editorial Board 1 Editorial Board, International Journal of Dr. Lakshmy P Member Construction Materials & Structures (IJCMS) ISSN 2321-2231

Indian Concrete institute, Western UP Center, Ghaziabad 1 Executive Committee Dr. Rajeev Goel Chairman G.K. Sahu Secretary

174 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Membership of Staff on Various Technical Committees

S.No. Committee Representative’s Name Position held

Delhi Traffic Police

1 Committee for Empanelment of Bearing and Dr. Lakshmy P Member Expansion Joint Manufacturers and Suppliers

2 Road Asset Management System (RAMS) Pradeep Kumar Invitee

3 Standing Committee Constituted by MORTH Dr. Devesh Tiwari Member, on 'Introduction of New Technology/Alternative Design in the Projects on EPC/ BOT Basis'.

Indian Society of Wind Engineering (ISWE) 1 Executive Committee Dr. Lakshmy P. Member Indian Association of Structural Engineers, New Delhi 1 Executive Committee Dr. Rajeev Goel Member Institute of Steel Development and Growth, Kolkatta 1 Project Review Committee (PRC) Dr. Lakshmy P. Member

Institute of Town Planners, India 1 Institute of Town Planners, India Dr. Purnima Parida Fellow Indian Women Scientific Association, India

1 Indian Women Scientific Association, India Dr. Purnima Parida Member

Transportation Research Group, India

1 Transportation Research Group, India. Dr. Purnima Parida Member East Asia Society of Transportation Studies, Japan East Asia Society of Transportation Studies, 1 Dr. Purnima Parida Member Japan Eastern Asia Society for Transportation 2 Dr. Kayitha Ravinder Member Studies, Japan East Asia Society for Transportation Studies 3 Dr. Ch. Ravi Sekhar Member (EASTS) Group of Planning Commission 1 Sub-Group of Planning Commission Dr. Ravindra Kumar Member GIS Architecture in Rural Roads including R&D and Environment. Planning Commission of India GIS Architecture in Rural Roads including Dr. Ravindra Kumar Member 1 R&D and Environment. Planning Commission of India

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 175 Membership of Staff on Various Technical Committees

S.No. Committee Representative’s Name Position held

GIS Consortium

1 GIS Consortium Dr. Ravindra Kumar Member

DHI and DST Consortium on Electric Vehicle

1 DHI and DST Consortium on Electric Vehicle Dr. Ravindra Kumar Member

CILT UK

1 CILT UK Dr. Ravindra Kumar Member Urban Mobility - 2015 conducted by IUT

1 Executive Committee of Urban Mobility - 2015 Dr. Kayitha Ravinder Member

World Conference on Transportation Research (WCTR)

World Conference on Transportation Research 1 Dr. Kayitha Ravinder Member (WCTR)

Japan Society for Civil Engineers (JSCE)

1 Japan Society for Civil Engineers (JSCE) Dr. Kayitha Ravinder Member

Society of Low Frequency Noise Control

1 Society of Low Frequency Noise Control Dr. Nasim Akhtar Founder Member

Acoustic Society of America (ASA)

1 Acoustic Society of America (ASA) Dr. Nasim Akhtar Member

The Scientific Journal Club

1 The Scientific Journal Club Dr. Nasim Akhtar Member

Society of Air Pollution Control, Delhi Chapter

Management Committee of Society of Air 1 Dr. Nasim Akhtar Member Pollution Control, Delhi Chapter

Institution of Engineers (India), Kolkata

1 Institution of Engineers (India), Kolkata Dr. Nasim Akhtar Member Acoustic Society of Netherland

1 Acoustic Society of Netherland Dr. Nasim Akhtar Member

176 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Membership of Staff on Various Technical Committees

S.No. Committee Representative’s Name Position held

Institute of Engineers

1 Institution of Engineers D.C. Sharma Fellow

Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Government of India

New Weights and Measures (Weighing In 1 Motion Road Weighbridges) in Legal Metrology Pradeep Kumar Member (General) Rules, 2011.

Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India

Expert Appraisal Committee(EAC) Projects Related to Infrastructure Development, Coastal 1 Dr. Anuradha Shukla Member Regulation Zone, Building/Construction and Miscellaneous Projects

Delhi Technological University

1 Departmental Advisor Committee (DAC) Dr. Anuradha Shukla Member

Miscellaneous 1 STAC Committee, Pune Municipal Corporation Dr. Lakshmy P Member (Bridge Expert)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 177 Membership of National and International Organisations

• Australian Road Research Board (ARRB) • Indian Geotechnical Society, C/o Central Soil and Material Research Station, Olof Palme • Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhawan, Marg, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 9, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi • Indian Road Congress, Jamnagar House, • Indian Institute of Bridge Engineers (IIBS), Shahjahan Road, New Delhi New Delhi • Government of Indian Librarians Association • International Road Federation (IRF), Geneva (GILA (Regd.)) C/o Planning Commission, • Indian Association of Special Libraries and Library, Yojna Bhawan, Sansad Marg, New Information Centers, Kakugachi, Kolkata Delhi • Indian National Group of International Society • Society for Information Science, NISCAIR for Rock Mechanics, Central Board of Irrigation Building, Hillside Road, New Delhi and Power, Malcha Marg, Chanakyapuri, New • Indian Group of Geotextiles, Central Delhi Board of Irrigation & Power, Malcha Marg, • Indian Society of Desert Technology, College Chanakyapuri, New Delhi of Engineering, Jodhpur, Rajasthan • Institutional Membership of Belgium Road • Asian Information Centre for Geotechnical Research Institute, Belgium Engineering, Bangkok, Thailand • Associate Membership of Current Science • Permanent International Association of Road Association, Bangalore Congress, 43, Avenue D4, President Wilson • Asian Institute of Transport Development 75116, Paris, France (AITD), New Delhi • Indian Scientific Translators Association, • Institutional Membership of Consultancy New Delhi Development Centre, New Delhi • Transportation Research Board of the • International Road Federation (IRF) India National Academy of Science, National Chapter Research Council, 2101, Constitution Avenue, Washington DC, USA

178 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Marketable Products and Services

Intellectual Property (Patents) • A New Paving System for Desert Areas Patented Process Released so far to the • Electronic Probe Industry • Process know-how for Construction of Road in • Bitumastic Joining Composition (Pat.No.50474) Sandy Area using Soil Stabilization Technique with Magnesium Oxy-chloride • Improvement in or relating to Pitch Mastic Composition (two patent No.92526 and 95305) • Indigenous Weigh-in-Motion and Vehicle Classification System • A Process for the Treatment of Styrene Pitch (patent No.96710 • Automated Benklman Beam • Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of • Concrete Abrasion Resistance Tester Lime-Surkhi Mixture (Patent No.90470) • Ready Made Mix for Patch Repair • Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of • Bitumen Emulsion Reactive Surkhi (Patent No.93276) • Portable Ponding-cum-Debris Expulsion • Fatigue Testing Machine (Patent No.11142) Equipment • Unevenness Indicators ( two Patent No.121776 • Design of a Mobile Visual Inspection Unit &121777) Marketable Software • A Profilograph for Checking Pavement Unevenness • Pavement Deterioration Model (PDM) (Patent No.121114) • Automatic Road Unevenness Recorder (Three • Asphalt Concrete Mix Design (ASCOMID) Patent No.146517,146572,146543) • Planning Model for Rural Roads • Rotiller (developed jointly by MERADO & CRRI) • Landslide Analysis • Pavement Paint Marking Machine (developed • Stability Analysis of Embankments with Stone jointly by CMERI Durgapur and CRRI) Columns • Vertical Profile Meter • Expert System for Structural Optimization of • Polymer Modified Bitumen Trussed Girder Bridges • SBS Modified Bitumen • Bridge Deck Analysis (BDAN) • Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen • Software for the Accident Analysis • Waste Plastic Modified Bitumen • Copyright for Software Package for Design of • Axle Mounted System for Measuring Road Trail Suspension Bridge Roughness • Software “CRASH” for Prediction of Strains • Impact Tester Induced in Concrete due to Effects Creep and • A Device for Sensing and Measuring Moisture Shrinkage in Soil and Other Porous Materials (Patent Services Offered No.173089) • Improved Bullock Cart Technology Contract Research • Cold mix Technology • Collaborative Projects • Patch Fill-Pothole repairing machine • Sponsored Projects • Setucare-Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit Process Ready for Exploitation Consultancy Services • A Process for the Production of Magnesium Phosphate Cement for Emergency Repair of Training Programmes Concrete Pavement Testing & Calibration

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 179 Marketable Products and Services

Training Programmes Organised For capacity building in human resources in the area of highway engineering to undertake and execute roads and runway projects, CSIR-CRRI organizes following regular training programme each year for the in-service highway, traffic and transportation engineers and planners. The details of the training programme organized are as follows:

Title of the Course Duration

A. PAVEMENT ENGINEERING & MATERIALS • Design, construction and Maintenance of Flexible Pavements (5 days) • Rigid Pavements: Design, Construction & Quality Control Aspects (5 days) • Pavement Evaluation Techniques and their applications for Maintenance and (5 days) Rehabilitation

B. ROAD DEVELOPMENT PLANNING & MANAGEMENT • International Course on Dissemination of HDM-4 (2 Weeks) • Geo-Spatial Technology (GIS, GPS, RS etc.) for Road and Transportation (4 days)

C. GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING • Geotechnical and Landslide Investigations for Highway Projects (5 days)

D. BRIDGES & STRUCTURES • Bridge Diagnostics, Performance Evaluation and Rehabilitation (5 days) • Bridge Design and Construction (5 days)

E. TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION PLANNING • Transport Planning & Economics (5 days)

• Traffic Engineering and Road Safety Audit (5 days) • Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Clearance Process (4 days) for Road & Highway Projects

Customized Tailor Made Programmes In addition to the above, CSIR-CRRI also organizes customized tailor made programmes as per the clients requirements. Course Fee: The course fee is payable in advance by crossed bank draft in favour of Director, Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi.

For Further information & sending nomination contact: Shri T.K. Amla, Head & Course Organiser, Information, Liaison & Training Division, CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, P.O. CRRI, Delhi-Mathura Road, New Delhi-110 025 (India), Phone: 91-11-26921939, E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

180 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Journals

S.No. Title of the Paper Name of Author Journals

1 Effect of CFRP Fabric in Enhancing Pardeep Kumar Bridge & Structural Engineer, the Torsional Capacity and Twist S.K. Sharma ING-IABSE, Vol 45( 2), pp-70-76 Angle of Strengthened RCC Beams P. Lakshmy June 2015

2 Condition Assessment and Rajeev Goel Bridge & Structural Engineer, Rehabilitation of an Impact SK Sharma ING-IABSE, Vol 45(2), pp.21-28, Damaged Bridge P Lakshmy July 2015

3 Estimation of Emission during R. Kumar Bharatiya Vaigyanik Audyogik Idling of Vehicles at Signalized Purnima Parida Anusandhan Patrika (BVAAP) Intersection by Customizing S. Tomar India, Vol. 23(1), pp.7-15. MOVES Software in Indian S. Chaudhary June 2015 Conditions.

4 Weekday/Weekend Differences in M.Gaur Journal of Environmental Research Concentrations of Ozone, Oxides of R. Singh and Development, Vol.9(4), pp Nitrogen and Carbon Monoxide at a A. Shukla 1088-1094 April- June 2015 Busy Arterial Road in Delhi, India

5 Visual Limitations of Drivers and Neelima Chakrabarty Bharitya Vagyanik & Anusandhan Road Accidents in India Purnima Parida Patrika, Issue 23, Page 42-47, June Arun Lakshman 2015, Kamini Gupta

6 Developing Methodology to Assess Mukti Advani Indian Journal of Transport Walking Facilities on Indian Roads Purnima Parida Management July-September 2015, Sobhana Patnaik pp. 60-69. (2015)

7 Smart Roads Y.C. Tewari Indian Highways, Vol 43(7) pp 17-20, July 2015

8 Does Motorcycle Driving Behaviour Ravindra Kumar International Journal of Affect Emission and Fuel Wafaa Saleh Transportation, Australia, Vol 3(2), Consumption pp 31-44, ISSN 2287-7940 (2015) August 2015

9 Bus Following Model: A Case Study Joseph Appiah International Journal of in Edinburgh. Anna Galevko Transportation, Australia, Vol 3(2), Wafaa Saleh pp 1-16, ISSN 2287-7940, August Ravindra Kumar 2015

10 Mechanical, Durability, and Time- M. Surya American Concrete Institute Dependent Properties of Recycled V.V.L. Kanta Rao (Materials Journal), Vol 112(5), pp Aggregate Concrete with Fly Ash P. Lakshmy 653-661, September-October 2015

11 Corrosion Preventive Methods V.V.L. Kanta Rao New Building Materials and Adopted for Concrete Bridges Construction World, Vol. 21(3), pp. during Construction 170-177. September 2015

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 181 Papers Published in Journals Publications

S.No. Title of the Paper Name of Author Journals 12 Recent Developments in Design P. Lakshmy New Building Materials and and Construction of Concrete Road Construction World, Vol.21(3), pp. Bridges. 2-5. September 2015

13 bDdhloha lnh dk i;kZoj.k ds vuqdwy çnhi dqekj] lM+d niZ.k] vad 12] i`"B 11&17- o"kZ lhesaV VusZjh CysaMsM lhesaV ¼Vh ch lh ½ dqekj 'kf'k Hkw"k.k flrEcj 2015 Mk- jktho dqekj xxZ Mk- 'kqHke; xaxksik/;k; 14 mUur dksEikslhV lkexzh ¼,Q vkj ih½ çnhi dqekj lM+d niZ.k] vad 12] i`"B 19&22- o"kZ fo:fir iqyksa ds vuq:ikarj ds fy, ,d dqekj 'kf'k Hkw"k.k flrEcj 2015 fodYi Mk- y{eh ijes'oje Mk- jktho dqekj xxZ 15 Hkkjr esa LokLF; lsok dh fLFkfr lat; pkS/kjh lM+d niZ.k] vad 12] i`"B la- 36&42- M‚- fuR;kuan pkS/kjh o"kZ flracj 2015] 16 jksM jst ,oa ikfdaZx jst dh xaHkhj lrh'k dqekj lM+d niZ.k] vad 12] i`"B 28&32- o"kZ leL;k lq'khy dqekj flrEcj 2015] jkts'k jk.kk Mk- jktho dqekj xxZ 17 rduhdh O;lu ¼Vsd ,fMD'ku½ & ;ksxsaæ dqekj flag lM+d niZ.k] vad 12] i`"B 43&52- o"kZ vkèkqfudrk dk çHkko o fuokj.k dqekj 'kf'k Hkw"k.k flrEcj 2015] Mk- jktho dqekj xxZ Mk- 'kqHke; xaxksik/;k; 18 ifjogu volajpuk es Hkw&LFkkfud uhye ts- xqIrk lM+d niZ.k]vad 12] i`"B 06&10- o"kZ çks|ksfxdh dh c<+rh Hkwfedk ch- duxnqjbZ flrEcj 2015] ,l- osyqeq#xu 19 bysDVªksfud Vksy dysD'ku ¼bZVhlh½ okbZ lh frokjh lM+d niZ.k vad 12] i`"B 23&25] ç.kkyh flracj 2015

20 Utilization of Supplementary J.B. Sen Gupta Civil Engineering & Construction Cementitious Material for Eco- Dinesh Ganvir Review Vol 28(9), pp 54-64, Friendly Road Construction September 2015

21 Engineering Geological Assessment R.K. Panigrahi Journal of Engineering Geology of Hill Rock Slope A.K. Shaw (Special Publication,) ISSN.0970- 5317, pp 411-419 October-2015 22 Safety and Security based Purnima Parida Shelter HUDCO Publication, Vol Evaluation of Pedestrian Facilities Mukti Advani 16(2), pp 27-33, ISSN: 2347-4912, around Public Spaces, Shelter, M. Parida October 2015 HUDCO

182 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Journals

S.No. Title of the Paper Name of Author Journals 23 Analysis of Interrelationship Mukti Advani Journal of Institute of Town between Transport System, Safety Neelam J. Gupta Planners, India Journal Vol 12(4), and City Sizes Distribution - A Case Purnima Parida pp 51-62 October-December 2015. Study of India B.K. Durai (2015)

24 Fuzzy Logic–Based Travel Demand S. Pulugurta Journal of Urban Planning and Model to Simulate Public Transport M. Errampalli Development, ASCE, Vol 141(4) Policies. R. Kayitha

25 Transportation Sustainability Index A. M.Al-Atawi Journal of Transport, Vol 31(1), pp for Tabuk City in Saudi Arabia: An R. Kumar 47-55, 2015 Analytic Hierarchy Process Wafaa Saleh

26 Performance Evaluation of Urban Ch. Ravi Sekhar Journal of Urban Transport, Road Network in Delhi Considering M. Errampalli Institute for Urban Transport , Vol Travel Speed P. Sarada 14(1), pp. 27-38 (2015) S. Srivastav M. Irshad

27 Estimation of Combined Exposure R. Kumar World Journal of Science, Factor Due to Impact of Different M. Errampalli Technology and Sustainable Transport Related Environmental A. Maan Development, Vol 12 (4), pp 269- Pollutants air Quality and Noise S. Sinha 280. (2015) Level in Delhi City N. Akhtar

28 Analytical Hierarchy Process for R. Kumar, World Journal of Science, Assessing Sustainability Indicators M. Errampalli Technology and Sustainable of Public Transportation Systems, A. Dahiya Development, Vol 12 (4), pp 281- Pedestrians and Feeder Services in S. Sinha 293. (2015) Developing

29 Modelling of the Gap Phenomena Md Rashid Khan Journal of Eastern Asia society for at U-turn Provisions on the Median Ch. Ravi Sekhar Transportation Studies, Vol 11, Openings of Inter-Urban Highway S. Velmurugan pp.1842-1855, DOI: http://doi. Corridors. org/10.11175/ easts.11.1842 (2015)

30 Capacity Analysis of Bhopal BRTS A Sharma Journal of The Eastern Asia Society Using Empirical And Simulation M Parida For Transportation Studies, Vol. Model Ch. Ravi Sekhar 11, pp 1575-1593 ,DOI: http://doi. A Kathuria org/10.11175/easts.11.1575 (2015)

31 Traffic Signal Optimisation for an Ch. Ravi Sekhar Journal of Urban Transport, Vol. Aretial Road in Delhi Apoorba Bibeka 14(1), pp.1-10 (2015) S. Velmurugan

32 Developing Methodology to Assess Mukti Advani Indian Journal of Transport Walking Facilities on Indian Roads. Purnima Parida Management, Pune, India. Vol 39(3), Sobhana Patnaik pp. 144-153 (2015)

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 183 Papers Published in Journals Publications

S.No. Title of the Paper Name of Author Journals

33 Synthesis of Rattle-type Ag@Al2O3 R. Singh Applied Physics A, Vol 121(1), pp Nanostructure by Laser-induced R.K. Soni 261-271, DOI: 10.1007/s00339-015- Heating of Ag and Al Nanoparticles 9429-0. (2015) 34 Estimation of Carbon Footprints in S. Kar Indian Highways, Vol 43(12), pp33- Bituminous Road Construction: A A. Behl 37. (2015) Case Study. P. K. Jain A. Shukla 35 Impact of Train Schedule on Jiten Shah Journal of the Instrument Society of Pedestrian Movement on Stairway Gaurang Joshi India ISSN 0970-9983, Vol. 44 (4), at Suburban Rail Transit Station in Purnima Parida December 2014 Mumbai, India” Arkatkar Shriniwas 36 lM+d fuekZ.k esa iqupZ—r lkefxz;ksa ds latho dqekj flUgk Hkkjrh; oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku mi;ksx dk i;kZoj.kh; egRo jtuh /;kuh if=dk] 23¼1½] 16&23 ¼2015½ uhjt 'kekZ 'osrk xkSM+ 37 Mhty batu eksVj okguksa ls mRlftZr usgk pkS/kjh Hkkjrh; oSKkfud ,ao vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku CySd dkcZu ¼lwV ikfVZdYl½ dk Mk¡ uhjt 'kekZ if=dk ] 23¼1½] 54&58 ¼2015½ i;kZoj.k ij çHkko M‚ vuqjk/kk 'kqDyk 38 Performance Prediction Modelling C. Makendran Journal of Applied Mathematics, for Flexible Pavement on Low R. Murugasan Article ID 192485, 7 pages; http:// Volume Roads Using Multiple S. Velmurugan dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/192485; Linear Regression Analysis (2015) 39 Load Testing of Second Thane Rajeev Goel New Building Materials and Creek Bridge, Mumbai Construction World, Vol 21(6), pp.94-107. December 2015 40 Rheological Properties and Storage V. Tare Indian Highways, Vol 43(12), pp Stability of EPE Modified Bitumen Dr. Sangita 33-37 December 2015 and EPE/Montmorillonite Modified S. Bhargava Bitumen’ R. Singh 41 lkis>okn dk fl)kar vkyksd jatu lM+d niZ.k] lh,lvkbZvkj&dsaæh, lM+d vfuy dqekj flUgk vuqla/kku laLFkku] ubZ fnYyh] vad ¼12½] ikf.kxzgh ist 33&35 ¼2015½ 42 Optimization of RAP in Cold A. Sravani Journal of Materials in Civil Emulsified Mixtures by P.K. Jain Engineering, ASCE, 10.1061/(ASCE) Mechanistic Characterization M.N. Nagabhushana MT.1943-5533.0001412, 04015132, 43 A Comparative Study on Dry Rakesh Kumar Indian Concrete Journal, Vol 90(2), Lean Concrete Manufactured with pp. 70-76 February, 2016 Ordinary Portland Cement vis-a- vis Portland Pozzolana Cement to be used for the Construction of Concrete Roads

184 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Journals

S.No. Title of the Paper Name of Author Journals 44 Performance of Synthetic Fibre Pankaj Goel Indian Concrete Journal, Vol 89(4) Reinforced Concrete in the Rakesh Kumar pp.52-61, April 2015 Construction of Concrete Pavements B. Bhattacharjee

45 Performance Evaluation of North P. Lakshmy Indian Concrete Journal, Vol.89(6), Carriageway of Second Thane Rajeev Goel pp. 13-23 (2015) Creek Bridge through Load Testing S.K. Sharma Pardeep Kumar

46 tM+h&cwfV;ksa dh [ksrh lat; pkS/kjh Kku xfjek fla/kq] vad 45] çdk'ku o"kZ 2015

47 lM+d nq?kZVukvksa dk c<+rk ladV lat; pkS/kjh foKku xfjek fla/kq] vad 90] i` 33&39] çdk'ku o"kZ 2015 48 fganh ds ek/;e ls oSKkfud psruk dk lat; pkS/kjh ^jktHkk"kk Hkkjrh*] vad 146] tuojh 2016 çpkj

49 Assessment of Driver Vision Ashish Verma Current Science, Vol 110(6), pp Functions to their Crash Neelima Chakrabarty 1063-1072, March 2016 Involvement in India S. Velmurugan Prithvi Bhatt Dinesh Kumar B. Nishanthi

50 Fine Copper Slag as an Alternative V.G. Havanagi Journal of Indian Highways, vol. Marginal Material for Road A.K. Sinha 44(1), pp 25-33 ( 2016) Construction A. Ranjan

51 Effect of Stairway Width on J. Shah International Journal of Pedestrian Flow Characteristics at G. J Joshi Transportation Research, Taylor Railway Station. Transport Letters Purnima Parida and Francis, Vol 8(2), pp 98-112 , S.S. Arkatkar February 2016

52 Protected Areas in Urban Cities: N. Sharma Environment, Development & Challenges in the Developing World S. Gaur Sustainability, Vol 18 (1), pp 295- R. Dhyani 310. (hindex-33) (2016) A. Singh

53 Analysis of Size-segregated Winter P. Pant Atmospheric Pollution Research, Season Aerosol Data from New S. J. Baker Vol 7, pp100-109, (2016) Delhi, India R. Goel S. Guttikunda A. Goel A. Shukla R.M. Harrison

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 185 Papers Published in Journals Publications

S.No. Title of the Paper Name of Author Journals 54 Traffic Signal Optimisation for an Ch. Ravi Sekher Journal of Urban Transport Vol Arterial Road in Delhi Apoorva Bibeka 14(a), pp 1-10, ( 2016) S. Velmurugan

55 Zero Sheer Viscosity of Bitumen Ambika Behl Journal of Material Sciences in Civil Filler Mastics of Warm Mix Binders Satish Chandra Engineering Vol 27(10), ISSN 0899- U K Agarwal 1561/040142601-606, October, 2015 S Gangopadhyay

56 Assessment of Critical Gap of M. Hemavathy Indian Journal of Transport Uncontrolled Intersections under S Kalanidhi Management, pp 242-254, October- Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions Guna Sekaran December 2015 issue Mukti Advani S Velmurugan

186 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by 1 All India State Governments’ A number of Meet, New Delhi Scientists April 10, 2015

27th International Symposium Network A.V.A.Bharat Kumar on Travel Demand Connectivity Ravindra Kumar Management in Tucson, Index and Delay Purnima Parida Arizona Optimization E. Madhu April, 13-15 2015 Wafaa Saleh

3 National Conference on Parameters Involved Mihir Prajapati Transportation and Water in Making Decision Mukti Advani Resource Engineering (NCTWE Regarding Selection Purnima Parida – 2015) Ahmedabad, Gujarat of the Most Suitable Pankaj Prajapati April 25, 2015 Road Crossing Infrastructure – A Review

Pedestrians’ Natasha Singh Characteristics and Rajesh Gujar Flow Analysis in Purnima Parida Indian Context Mukti Advani

4 National Seminar on “Dr. B.R. Sh. K. Ambedkar & Dr. Babu Jagjivan Sitaramanjaneyulu Ram’s Views on Promoting Dr. K. Ravinder Science & Technology and Dr. Ch. Ravi Sekhar Implementation of Reservation Sh. D. Ravinder Policies (NSOPSRP)” Hyderabad, May 8-9, 2015

5 ASSOCHAM’s 3rd Innovation Road Dust Source P Pant Dr. S. Summit cum Excellence Profiles for India S J Baker Gangopadhyay Awards “Innovative India @ and UK. In: Urban A Shukla Dr. S. Velmurugan 2020”, New Delhi Environmental R M Harrison Dr. Neelima May 11, 2015 Pollution Climate Chakravorty Change and Urban Dr. K. Ravinder Environment Sh. Subhash Chand Dr Ravindra Kumar Dr Ch.Ravi Shekar Dr. Rakesh Kumar Shri A.K. Sagar Shri A.K. Jain

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 187 Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences Publications

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

61st International Exhibition and Dr. S. Conference on Smart Cities Gangopadhyay India 2015, New Delhi Sh. Sudhir Mathur May 20-22, 2015 Dr. P.K. Jain Sh. T.K. Amla Dr. Kishor Kumar Dr. Anuradha Shukla Dr. P. Lakshamy Dr. R.K. Garg Dr. S. Velmurugan Dr. Neeraj Sharma Dr. E. Madhu Sh. V. G. Havangi Sh. K. Sitaramanjaneyulu Dr. Devesh Tiwari Sh. JB Sengupta Sh. D.C. Sharma Sh. MN Nagabhushana

7 CII’s Delhi Environment Air Pollution and Dr. Neeraj Sharma Summit: Towards a Clean and Ways of Improving Green Society, New Delhi Air Quality June 5, 2015

8 Workshop on Project Instrumentation Sh. G.K. Sahu Preparation and Repair/ and Bridge Health Rehabilitation of Bridges & Monitoring Flyovers, Lucknow June 5-6 2015

913th Annual Transport Capacity Analysis Purnima Parida Practitioners' Meeting, of Bus Rapid Transit Anshuman Sharma Metropol, London System: A Case Ch. Ravi Sekhar July 1-2, 2015 Study of Bhopal BRTS 10 2nd Conference of Recent Effect Of Roughness Patel Parin H Dr. Ch. Ravi Sekhar Advances in Traffic on Free Flow Speed Ch.Ravi Sekhar Sh. Pradeep Kumar Engineering (RATE’15), Surat of Intermediate Pradeep Kumar Sh. Patel Parin H July 3-4, 2015 Lane Inter Urban M.P. Jain Sh. M.P. Jain Highways D. M. Rathva Sh. D. M. Rathva

188 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

Evaluation of Idling P.V.P Kumar Sh. P.V Pradeep Fuel Consumption A. Singh Kumar of Vehicles Across N. Sharma, Ms.Simran Kaur Different Cities R. Sekhar Dr. Neelam J Gupta Sh. Subhash Chand Evaluation of Simran Kaur Dr. E. Madhu Parking Facilities Neelam J Gupta at Public Transport Subhash Chand Terminal E. Madhu

Defining and Mukti Advani Analyzing S. Velmurugan Forceful Behavior P.V. Pradeep kumar at Unsignalised E. Madhu Intersections

Identifying Suitable Mihir Prajapati Methodology Mukti Advani for Crossing Purnima Parida Infrastructure for Pankaj Prajapati Pedestrians

Exploring A V A Bharat Kumar Public Transport Purnima Parida Connectivity Index Ravinder Kumar and delay in Delhi

11 Rashtiya Vaigyanik Sangoshthi: Mobile Bridge S G a n g o p a d h y a y Make in India, Hyderabad Inspection Unit ka R a j i v S h a r m a July 8-10, 2015 Bharat Mein Nirman R a v i n d e r L e l e Ki Pragti Samiksha R a j i v Pa t e l Vinod Dahake Farhat Azad R a j i v S e t h i R K Garg

12 National Roads & Highways Sh. T.K. Amla Summit 2015, New Delhi Dr. S. Velmurugan July 23, 2015 Sh. Subhash Chand Dr. Neelam J. Gupta Dr. A. Mohan Rao Dr. J. Nataraju Ms. Farhat Azad Mrs. Kavita Jain

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 189 Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences Publications

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

13 National Symposium on Instrumentation A.K.Sinha Sh. A.K. Sinha, Advances in Instrumentation, and Monitoring of Vasant G Havanagi Sh. U K Guruvittal Geo-Monitoring and Embankment on U K Guruvittal Sh. V.K. Kanaujia Validation, New Delhi Soft Soil July 23-24, 2015 Geotechnical U.K. Guru Vittal Instruments for P.S. Prasad Road Projects in Soft Alok Ranjan Marine Clay Areas 14 9th International Conference Effect of Higher Devesh Tiwari Dr. Devesh Tiwari on Road and Airfield Pavement Axle Load in S. Khan Technology (ICPT), China Flexible Pavement M.N. Nagabhushana August 9-13, 2015 using Accelerated Pavement Testing Facility 15 6th International Conference Seismic Q I Kashif on Recent Advances in Vulnerability R K Garg Geotechnical Earthquake Assessment of Engineering and Soil Typical Urban Dynamics, August 2015 Bridges under Liquefaction 16 Workshop to Showcase Sh. Sudhir Mathur India’s Strength in the Field Dr. Kishor Kumar of Science, Space Technology, Communication etc for Disaster Management, New Delhi, August 25, 2015 17 Argus Asia Pacific Balance of Concrete Sh. Binod Kumar International Conference on and Bitumen Bitumen Organised by Argus Roads in India – ASIA Pacific International, Implications and Singapore Cost September 2-4, 2015 18 Seminar on Challenges in Dr. P. Lakshmy Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings and Structures, New Delhi, September 4, 2015 19 International Seminar on Cold and Mild Mix P K Jain Dr. P K Jain New Construction Materials Technology for Siksha Swaroopa Sh. T.K. Amla Techniques and Design in Maintenance of S G a n g o p a d h y a y Sh. R.C. Agarwal Bridge, Tunnel and Road Roads in Strategic Sh. Kanwar Singh Construction Suitable for Area- A Way Dr.Vasant G Forward Havangi

190 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

Infrastructure Development in Innovative Method Gagandeep Singh Sh. Gagandeep Inaccessible Border Area, New for Strengthening of P K Jain Singh Delhi, September 11-12, 2015 Soil Using Biomass Mrs. Siksha Based Additive Swaroopa for Pavement Construction 20 National Seminar on Roads Non-destructive Rajeev Goel Dr. Rajeev Goel and Bridges, Agra Evaluation Dr. S.S. Gaharwar September 19, 2015 Techniques for Assessment of Present Condition of Concrete Bridges

Transportation Rakesh Kumar and Placement of Concrete

21 Workshop Understanding Climate Change and Dr. Anuradha Climate and Health Co-Benefits of Road Shukla Associations in India, New Transport Policies Delhi, September 22-14, 2015

22 National Conference on Mrs.Uma Arun Science & Technology for Indigenous Development in India, Haridwar September 28-30, 2015

23 International Workshop on Greener Concrete Tarun R. Naik Durability and Sustainability Using Post- Rakesh Kumar of Concrete Structures, Italy Consumer Products’ G. Moriconi October 1-3, 2015 24 9th Regional Conference on Dr. S. Road Safety Initiatives: Status Gangopadhyay and the Way Forward, New Sh. T.K. Amla Delhi Dr. B.K. Durai October 5-6, 2015 Dr. S. Velmurugan Dr. Neelima Chakraborty Sh. Subhash Chand Dr. J. Nataraju Dr. A. Mohan Rao Dr. Poornima Parida Dr. E. Madhu Dr. Ravinder Kumar Dr. K. Ravinder

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 191 Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences Publications

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

Sh. Nasim Akhtar Sh. R.C. Agarwal Sh. M.K. Meena Smt. Kamini Gupta

25 Road Safety and Simulation Khatauli Bypass Mukti Advani International Conference, Road – Crash B. K. Durai Orlando, USA Analysis and S. Velmurugan October 6-8, 2015 Prevention 26 1st International Symposium A Review on Effects Lincy Varghese Dr. V.V.L. Kanta Rao of Asian Concrete Federation of Nanosilica and VVL. Kanta Rao Dr. Rajeev Goel ACE 2015 on High Microsilica on Lakshmy P. Performance Concrete and 4th Microstructural Asian Conference on Ecstasy and Mechanical in Concrete (ICI-ACEON 2015) Properties of Kolkatta, October 7-10, 2015 Concrete

27 2nd International and 4th A Case Study Neelima Dr. Neelima Indian Psychological Science on Pedestrian Chakrabarty Chakrabarty Congress, Chandigarh Crossing Behaviour Kamini Gupta Mrs. Kamini Gupta October 8-9, 2015 at Signalized S Velmurugan Intersection in Delhi, India

28 CAETS Convocation 2015 Suitability of Lakshmy Dr. Lakshmy Pathways to Sustainability- Various Public Parameswaran Parameswaran Energy, Mobility and Heath Transport Options Care Engineering, New Delhi for Indian Cities October 14, 2015

29 Workshop on Innovative S h . P a n k a j G o e l Construction Machinery, Sh. Dinesh Ganveer Materials and Methods, Mrs. Siksha Roorkee, October 26-27, 2015 S w a r o o p a Sh. Anil Pradyum Sh. Shahbaz Khan 30 International Conference on Engineering R K Panigrahi Dr. Kishor Kumar Engineering Geology in New Geological Sh. R K Panigrahi Millenium EGNM-2015, New Assessment of Hill Delhi, October 27-29, 2015 Rock Slope

31 6th Conference of the Seismic Risk Q I Ka s h i f S h . Q I K a s h i f International Society for Assessment of R K Garg Dr. R K Garg Integrated Disaster Risk Bridges as Part of Management (IDRIM-TIFAC a Transportation 2015), New Delhi Network October 28-30, 2015

192 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

32 Airport Development Psychomotor and Neelima Dr. Neelima Conference series (AIRDEV Cognitive Abilities Chakrabarty Chakrabarty 2015), Bangalore for the Aircrew A.A.Pashilker November 4-6, 2015 Selection S.Velmurugan E. Madhu 33 International Symposium Utilisation of S a t i s h Pa n d e y Sh. Sudhir Mathur Geosynthetics- The Road Geosynthetic U K Guru Vittal S h . S a t i s h P a n d e y Ahead, New Delhi Reinforcement Sunil Jain Sh. U K Guru Vittal November 5-6, 2015 for construction Sh. Sunil Jain and Rehabilitation of Bituminous Pavement 34 Workshop on Three Decades Sh. Sudhir Mathur of Geosynthetics in India, New Delhi, November 5-6, 2015 35 Workshop on Big and Open Dr. R N Dutta Data" Evolving Data Science Sh. S Mariappan Standards and Citation Attribution Practices, New Delhi, November 5-6, 2015 36 Workshop on Development in Sh. Dinesh Ganveer Pavement Design and Material Characterization (DePave), Kharagpur, November 15-17, 2015 37 Smart Urban Mobility, Application of Ravindra Kumar Conference, U.K, Satellite Imageries, Purnima Parida November 26-27, 2015 Road Conditions and R K Lal Inventory Data Base in Smart Journey Planning - A Case Study of District in Bihar State in India 38 Conference & Exhibition on Sh. Binod Kumar Structural Connection, New Sh. J.B.Sengupta Delhi, November 28, 2015 39 EGNM Conference (2015), IIT, Stabilisation of Alok Ranjan Sh. Alok Ranjan New Delhi Black Cotton soil R.Ayothiraman with Sawdust 40 International Symposium on Dr. S Transportation Planning and Gangopadhyay Safely, New Delhi, November 29 - December 5, 2015

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 193 Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences Publications

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

41 Eastern Asia Society for Development of Rejitha Nath, Transportation Studies Four Stage Travel Ravi Sekhar (EASTS-2015 Demand Model and E Madhu Identification of Feeder Route for the NCT of Delhi 42 14th International Conference “Performance Hemavathy on Computers in Urban Evaluation of M Kalaanidhi Planning and Urban Uncontrolled Sivagnanasundaram Management – CUPUM-2015, Intersection using Dr. Gunasekaran Boston Microscopic Karupannan Simulation” Dr. Mukti Advani Dr. S Velmurugan 43 IUT Urban Mobility Why and When Sobhana Patnaik 24-27 November 2015 Pedestrians Walk Mukti Advani, and on Carriageway Purnima Parida in Presence of Footpath? A Behavioral Analysis in Mixed Traffic Scenario of India 44 14th NCB International Utilization of Binod Kumar Sh. Binod Kumar Seminar on Cement and Copper Slag as J. B. Sengupta Sh. J. B. Sengupta Building Materials, New Delhi, Fine Aggregate in December 1-4, 2015 Pavement Quality Concrete and Dry Lean Concrete 45 Emerging Trends in Science Dr. Huidram and Engineering Research Lokeshwor (ETSER 2015), Manipur, Imphal, December 2-4, 2015

46 International Symposium on Developing Mukti Advani Transportation Planning and Methodology to Purnima Parida Safety, New Delhi Assess Walking 3-5 December 2015 and Road Crossing Facilities 47 4th International Science Eco-Friendly Cold P K Jain Conference, Madhya Pradesh, Mix Technology Siksha Swroopa December 5-7, 2015 for Construction of Rural Roads and Saving Life of Micro Organisms in Environment

194 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

48 International Conference Effect of Polymer- R Singh Sh. R Singh. on Nanoscience and Metal Particle Sh. R.K Soni Nanotechnology 2015 (NANO- Interaction on 15), Tamilnadu the Morphology December 7-10, 2015 of Aluminium Nanoparticles

49 42 Skoch Summit, on S h . B i n o d K u m a r Technologies for Growth, New D r . R a v i S e k h a r Delhi, December 10-11, 2015 Dr. E Madhu 50 jk"Vªh; fgUnh foKku lEesyu] xq#Rokd"kZ.k dk fl)kar vkyksd jatu Jh vkj-,l- Hkkj}kt Xokfy;j] e/;çns'k] fnlacj 11&12] oh-ds- dukSft;k Jh vkyksd jatu 2015 daoj flag Jh oh-ds- dukSft;k flfoy bathuh;fjax es ;ksxs'k pUnz frokjh Jh daoj flag ok;jysl fuxjkuh vkj-ih- lSuh

51 6th International Joint Patch Fill : S i k s h a S w a r o o p a Mrs. Siksha Conference on Advances in Innovative and P K Jain Swaroopa Engineering and Technology, Green Solution for New Delhi Repair of Potholes in December 12-13 , 2015 India 52 Indian Geotechnical Carrier Oriented A.K.Sinha Sh. U.K. Guruvittal Conference, Pune Pedagogy of V.G. Havanagi Sh. A.K. Sinha December 15-19, 2015 Geotechnical Sh. V.G. Havanagi Education Dr. Pankaj Gupta Sh. R.K. Panigrahi Rock Dynamic R. K. Panigrahi Sh. V.K. Kanaujia Study for Hill A.K. Shaw Slopes Adjacent to Roadways

Stress – Strain A.K.Sinha, Behaviour of V.G.Havanagi Stabilised Jarofix V. K. Arora Waste Material Causes and A.K.Sinha Remedial Measures V.G.Havanagi of Malin Landslide, K. Kumar Maharastra

Investigation and V.K.Kanaujia, Stability Analysis of A.K.Sinha Embankment Bund. V.G. Havanagi U.K.Guruvittal

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 195 Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences Publications

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

53 Workshop on Geospatial Sh Aditya Kumar Technology for Disaster Risk Anand Reduction, Jaipur, December 1, 2015 54 3rd Conference of 'Field Performance Sanjay Kumar Dr. S. Transportation Research Group Study on Modified Gaddal Gangopadhayay (CTRG), Kolkotta Bituminous Road Rajan Choudhary Dr. Devesh Tiwari December 17- 20, 2015 Sections of National Devesh Tiwari Sh. K. Highway Corridors' S. Gangopadhayay Sitaramanjaneyulu K. Sh. M.N. Sitaramanjaneyulu Nagabhushana Sh. Shahbaz Khan Dr. P.K. Jain Laboratory M.N. Nagabhushana Dr. Neelima Evaluation of Chakrabarty Viscosity Grade Mrs. Kamini Gupta Bitumen for Dr. S.Velmurugan their Compliance Dr. Neelam J. Gupta Properties for Sh. Subhash Chand Performance Grade Dr. E.Madhu Bitumen Sh. J.B. Sengupta

Laboratory Analysis Devesh Tiwari of Bituminous Shahbaz Khan Concrete (BC) Deepak John Peter Mix Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT)

Comparative Shahbaz Khan Analysis of M N Nagabhushana Bituminous Overlay Devesh Tiwari Design Thickness P.K. Jain using Falling Weight Deflectometer(FWD) and Benkelman Beam Deflection (BBD) Method

Assessment of Neelima Driving Behaviour Chakrabarty and Skills of Heavy Kamini Gupta Vehicle Drivers in S.Velmurugan India Reetesh Rikku

196 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by

Saturation Flow Shubham Sehgal of Heterogeneous Neelam J. Gupta Traffic at Signalized Subhash Chand Intersection S. Velmurugan Feeder Transport Jasmeet Kaur System Facilities Neelam J.Gupta at Public Transport Subhash Chand Terminals – A Case E.Madhu Study of Delhi Speed Flow Reema Bera Estimation for Four D e b a s h i s h R o y Lane and Six Lane A s h u t o s h A r u n Divided National Sandip Chakraborty Highways in India Sudip K Roy Exploring A.V.A.Bharat Kumar Public Transport Ravindra Kumar Connectivity Index Purnima Parida and Delay in Delhi, E. Madhu A Pragmatic approach Abhishek Jindal on use of Beneficiated G.D. Ransinchung Recycled Concrete Praveen Kumar Aggregate in PQC Mix J.B. Sengupta 55 76th Annual Session of Indian Human Factor on Neelima Sh. T.K. Amla Road Congress, Indore, Road Safety Chakrabarty Dr. P K Jain December 18-22, 2015 Purnima Parida Dr. Anuradha Shukla Kamini Gupta Dr. P Lakshmy S. Velmurugan Dr. Neelima Chakrabarty Estimation of Siksha Swaroopa Dr. Purnima Parida Carbon Footprints Ambika Behl Dr. S. Velmurugan as Bituminous Road P K Jain Dr. S.S. Gaharwar Construction Process Anuradha Shukla Mrs. Siksha Use of Construction Lakshmy P. Swaroopa and Demolition S.S. Gaharwar Mrs. Ambika Behl Waste in Structural Sh. D.C. Sharma Applications Sh. R.C. Agarwal Sh. M.K. Meena Mrs. Kamini Gupta 56 XVII Annual International A Pilot Study Neelima Dr. Neelima Seminar on Make In India: on The Coping Chakrabarty Chakrabarty The Road Ahead, New Delhi, Behaviour of Kamini Gupta Dr. S Velmurugan January 3-4, 2016 Drivers under Stress S Velmurugan Mrs. Kamini Gupta Situation as related to their Crashing Characteristic

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 197 Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences Publications

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by 57 Workshop on “ Fly Ash Use of Fly Ash in Sh. U K Guru Vittal Utilization in Road Road Construction- Construction, Bhubaneswar Technical and January 8, 2016 Specification Issues 58 95th Annual Transportation Determination of Jiten Shah Research Board (TRB) meeting Pedestrian Level G J Joshi at Washington DC, USA, of Service for Purnima Parida January 10-14, 2016 Undivided Stairways S. Arkatkar at Suburban Rail Station in Developing Countries Examining Bus Ankit Kathuria Dwell Time and Bus M. Parida Lost Time Dynamics Ch Ravi Sekhar for a Bus Rapid Manu Pathak Transit System 59 ING-IABSE Workshop on Bridge Bearings & P. Lakshmy Dr. P. Lakshmy Bridge Bearings, Expansion Expansion Joints Joints & Seismic Devices, Bhopal (M.P), January 15-16, 2016 60 50th LERIG 2015 on the " Sh. C. Kamaraj Positioning Indian Leather Industry in Global Landscape: Technology Way Forward, Chennai, January 30-31, 2016 61 Transportation Research Determination of Jiten Shah Record (TRR), Transportation Pedestrian Level Gaurang Joshi Research Board, Jan-2016. of Service for Purnima Parida (SCI) Undivided Stairways Shriniwas Arkatkar at Suburban Rail Station in Developing Countries Effect of Stairway Jiten Shah Width on Pedestrian Gaurang Joshi Flow Characteristics Purnima Parida at Railway Station Shriniwas Arkatkar

Effect of Directional Distribution on Stairway Capacity at Suburban Railway Station in India

198 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by 62 National Workshop on Functional Design Neelima Dr. Neelima Driving Simulator, New Delhi, of Car Driving Chakrabarty Chakrabarty February 10, 2016 Simulator E. Madhu Dr. E. Madhu

63 Workshop on Road Asset Dr. Devesh Tiwari Management for the Engineers Sh. Pradeep Kumar of UPPWD, Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, February 17, 2016 64 International Conference Studies on Rheology S i k s h a S w a r o o p on Materials, Design and of Asphalt Modified P K Jain Manufacturing Process any Chromium (ICMDM 2016), Chennai, Containing Waste of February 17-19, 2016 Leather 65 National Conclave on Cleanliness of Toilets, Dr. Neelima Dr. Neelima Making Sanitation and Design Consideration Chakrabarty Chakrabarty Toilets Inclusive for Persons and Ecological with Disabilities in India at Solution for India on Conference Hall, Indian Spinal Barriers to Accessible Injuries Centre, New Delhi, Sanitation and Toilet February 19, 2016 Facilities) 66 15th Annual International Cold Mix Siksha Swaroopa Sh. Gajender Conference on Sustainable Technology for Rural P K Jain Kumar Construction Materials, Roads: An Overview Rajeev Agrawal Pavement Engineering, Asphalt and Transfer Model Technology, Airport Pavement, Studies on Modified Siksha Kar Engineering, Highway and Asphalt based Crack G a j e n d e r K u m a r Asset Management, Liverpool and Joint Repair P K Jain U.K, February 24-25, 2016 System for Rigid and Asphalt Pavement

67 9th International Conference Road Distress Y.C. Tiwari Sh. Y. C. Tewari AdMet – 2016 CSIR-NPL, New Measurement Renu Chadda Delhi, February 24-26, 2016 Equipment R.P. Saini

68 Geo Smart India and Geo GIS Data Base Ravinder Kumar Smart Intelligence, Greater for Smart Road Purnima Parida Noida & Transport H. Lokeshwar March 1-3, 2016 Management System E. Madhu 69 International Conference Nanostructural Rina Singh Dr Rina Singh on Materials Science & Characteristics and Sangita Ms. Lancy Verghese Technology 2016, New Delhi, Interfacial Properties A. Singh March 1-4, 2016 of Nanoclays in R. Dhyani Polymer Modified Bitumen Matrix

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 199 Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences Publications

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by Effect of Nanosilicon Lincy Verghese on Some Properties V. V. L . K R a o of Cement Concrete P. Lakshmy 70 National Conference on Recent A Critical Review N. Kumar Dr. Devesh Tiwari Advances in Civil Engineering on HDM-4 Vehicular P. Aggarwal (RACE2016), Surat, March 5-6, Emission Models S. Jain 2016 Devesh Tiwari 71 International Conference on An Approach for V.L. Patankar Dr. S.S. Gaharwar Sustainable Asphalt Pavement Reducing Carbon S.S. Gaharwar Sh. Manoj Shukla for Developing Countries Foot Print in Asphalt Sh. M.N. (CONSAP2016), CSIR-CRRI, Pavement Nagabhushana New Delhi March 11-12, 2016 Cement Treated M.N. Nagabhushana Grouted Macadam – A New Concept of Long Lasting Pavement Conference on Sustainable Asphalt Pavements 'Impact on Strength Siksha Swaroopa Dr. Devesh Tiwari Characteristics Kar Dr. P. K. Jain Using Recycled Devesh Tiwari Sh. Pradeep Kumar Foamed Bituminous Aravind Krishna Sh. K. Mixes Swamy Sitaramanjaneyulu P. K. Jain Mrs. Siksha Swaroopa Kar 'Impact of Optimal Mayor Chopde Budget Utilization Prof. Sanjeev Sinha for Maintenance of Devesh Tiwari Flexible Pavements Pradeep Kumar

Pavement Aakash Gupta Performance Pradeep Kumar Prediction Models Praveen Aggarwal and Their Use K. in Road Asset Sitaramanjaneyulu Management

72 International Conference on Fuel Loss and Related Niraj Sharma Dr Niraj Sharma Water, Environment, Energy Emissions Due to P.V Pradeep Kumar R. Dhyani & Society (ICWEES-2016) Idling of Motorized Bhopal, March 15-18 2016 Vehicles at a Major Intersection in Delhi

200 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Publications Papers Published in Seminars/Conferences

S.No Name of the Conference Title of the Paper Author Attended by Meteorological N. Sharma Factors Influencing R. Dhyani Dispersion of Vehicular Pollution in a Typical Highway Conditions. Using Locally U.K. Guruvittal Available Materials Pankaj Gupta for Rural Road N.K. Goyal Construction 73 National Conference on Impact of Urban Air M. Gaur Advances in Sciences Quality on Workers M. Rao and Technology, Mandi in the Vicinity of G.D. Singhal Govindgarh, Punjab, March Construction Site in A. Shukla 3-4, 2016 Greater Noida 74 National Conference on Solid Waste M. Gaur Environmental Concerns of Management: A A.Shukla 21st Century: Indian and Global Pilot Study to Context, New Delhi March 11- Create Awareness 13, 2016 in a Rural Village of Uttar Pradesh, India

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 201 Retirements from CRRI Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Following staff members have retired from services of the Institute during the period. CRRI Welfare Committee organized function to bid all of them a grand farewell:

Sh. Satnam Singh, Sr. Technician (2) 30-4-2015

Baldev Talwar, Assistant (G) (Admn.) Ms. Pushpa Jetly, PS (Admn.) Ms. Madhu Bala, Assistant 30-4-2015 31-5-2015 30-6-2015

Shri Jai Bhagwan, Chief Scientist Shri Madhu Sudan Singh, Work Asstt. Shri Gajai Singh, Daftary 31-7-2015 31-8-2015 30-9-2015

Shri R.K. Malhotra, Asstt. (G) Gr.I Dr. S. Gangopadhyay , Director Shri Anil Singh, Chief Scientist 31-10-2015 30-11-2015 31-12-2015

Dr. P.K. JAIN, Chief Scientist Smt. Uma Arun, Sr. Tech.Officer (3) Shri Babban Singh, Sr. Technician 31-1-2016 31-1-2016 29-2-2016

Shri S.K. Gupta, Sr. Tech.Officer (3) Smt. Aruna Dhamija, Assistant (G) Shri Ashok Sharma, Sr. Technician 29-2-2016 29-2-2016 29-2-2016 Shri Sher Singh, Sr. TO. 31-12-2015

202 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Director Traffic & Transportation Planning (TTP) Gangopadhyay S. (Dr.), M.Tech. (Transportation System), M.Sc. (Transportation), Ph.D. Traffic Engineering & Road Safety (TES) Retired in 30 Nov., 2015 Shukla Anuradha (Dr.), Chief Scientist & Advisor, Satish Chandra (Prof.), B.E (Hons) Civil, M.E. R&D Management, M.Sc., M.Tech. (Corrosion (Transportation) Ph.D Science), P.G. Diploma in Ecology & Environment Joined w.e.f. 18 Jan, 2016 Science, Ph.D. Velmurugan, S. (Dr.) M.E., Ph.D. (Transportation Engineering) (Head) Bridges & Structures (BAS) Garg R. K. (Dr.), M.Tech, Ph.D. (Head) Scientists/Technical Officers Ashutosh Arun, M.Tech Scientists/Technical Officers Biswas S.K., Draughtsman Bhushan Shashi Kumar, Diploma in Civil Engg. Chakraborty Neelima (Dr.), M.A., (Psycho.), P.G. AMIE Dip. (Environmental Psycho.), Ph.D Dhal A. K., M.Tech. Gautam S.P., B.A., LLB Gaharwar S. S. (Dr.), M.E. (Structure) Gupta Kamini, M.Tech. (Transportation Planning) Goyal J. K., M.E. (Structures) (On Deputation) Gupta Neelam J. (Dr.), M Sc, M. Phil (Computer Application), Ph.D. (Numerical Analysis) Goel Rajeev (Dr.), M.E. (Structural Engineering), Ph.D. Nataraju J. (Dr.), M.E. (Highways) Ph. D. Kumar Narendra, M. Sc. Rao A. Mohan, M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering) Lakshmy P. (Dr), M.E., Ph.D. Sher Singh, B.Sc. (Retired in 31 Dec., 2015) Pradeep Kumar, M.E. (Structure Engineering) Subhash Chand, M.E. (Highways) Prakash Suraj (Dr.), M.E. (Earthquake Engineering), Ph.D. (On Deputation) S&T and Supporting Staff Rana, M.S, ITI Bhel Sushma, Intermediate Rana Rajesh, Diploma in Mechanical, AMIE Mutreja Daleep, B.Com Rao U.S., M.Tech. (Structure) Mehto Jag Lal, Non-Matric Rao V.V.L.K. (Dr.), M.Sc., Ph.D. Narender Kumar, Matric Sahu G.K., M.E. (Structure) Raj Bala, Non-Matric Sharma S.K. (Dr.), M.E. (Structure) Ph.D Singh Satyabir, SSC, ITI (Printing) Sushil Kumar, B.Sc., Dip. in Civil Engg., AMIE Verma Rajan, Diploma in Civil Engg. Yogender K. Singh, Dip. Electronics Ranjan Aniket, ITI.

S&T and Supporting Staff Transportation Planning (TP) Kumar Vijay, ITI ,Dip.in Civil Engg. Parida Purnima (Dr.), M.A. (Economics), M.Tech., Ram Lakhan Ph.D (Head) Rajveer Singh, Non-Matric Scientists/Technical Officers Satish Kumar, B.A. Akhtar Nasim, M.Tech. (Environmental Engg.) Verma Surender Kumar, Diploma in Civil Advani Mukti (Dr), M.E. (Transportation Engineering, BE (Civil) Engineering), Ph.D.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 203 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Bhandari Kirti (Dr.), M.Sc. (Envirnmental Engg.), Pavement Engineering Area (PEA) Ph.D. Errampalli Madhu (Dr.) M.Tech (Transportation Advisory Group Planning), Ph.D Jain P.K. (Dr.), Chief Scientist, Advisor, R&D H. Lokeshwar, M.Sc. (Electronics) Management (Retired in 31 Jan., 2016) Kamraj C., M.E. (Transportation Planning) Sharma B. M., Chief Scientist & Area Advisor (on study leave) (Consultancy & Management) Padma S., M.Tech. (on study leave) Sitaramanjaneyulu K., M.E. (Highway Engg.) Gupta S.K., Diploma in Draughtsmanship (Mech.) Sengupta J.B., M.Sc. (Applied Chemistry) (Retired in 29 Feb., 2016) Sangeeta (Dr.), Ph.D. (Polymer Chemistry) Ravinder K., (Dr.), M.Tech. (Transportation Engg.) Sudesh Kumar, M.Sc. (Chemistry) Ph.D. Srivastava R.K., M.Tech. Ravinder Kumar (Dr.) ME (Transportation Engg.), Ph.D. Pavement Design & Réhabilitation Group Ravi Sekhar Ch. (Dr.), M.E. (Transportation Nagabhushana M.N., M.Sc. (Highway Engg.) Engineering), Ph.D. (Group Coordinator) Singh Jagdish, Intermediate Scientists/Technical Officers S&T and Supporting Staff Dass Shankh, B.E. (Civil) Devi Shakuntla, Non-Matric Dinesh V. Ganvir, M.E. (Highways & Kumar Sanjay, M.A. (Pub. Admn.), B.Lib. Transportation) Environmental Science (ES) Rakesh Kumar (Dr.), M.Tech, Ph.D. (Civil Engg) Sharma Niraj (Dr.), M.Tech. (Environmental Shukla Manoj, M.Tech. (Highway Engg.) Engg.), Ph.D. (Head) Singh Ajay Pal, Diploma in Civil Engg. Singh Madan Pal, B.Sc. Scientists/Technical Officers Mittal Abhishek, M.Tech. (Transportation Engg.) Singh Anil (Dr.), M. Phil (Environmental Sciences), Ph.D (Environmental Science) (Retired in 31 Dec. S&T and Supporting Staff 2015) Hembran Panchanan, Dip. in Mechanical P.V. Pradeep Kumar, M.E. (Mech.), M.B.A., Engineering) (Transfered on 21 Aug., 2015) Chauhan Sippy K. (Dr.), Ph.D. (Chemistry) Lohani G.C., B.A., L.L.B. Singh Rina, M. Tech.(Material Science), Ph.D (Nanotechnology, Physics) Pant Ashok, Higher Secondary Singh P.R., B.Sc. S&T and Supporting Staff Kumar Devender, Matric, ITI (Motor Mech.) Pavement Matérials & Construction Chaudhary Neha, Diploma in PHE Technologies Group Daya Ram, B.A. Sen Gupta J.B, M.Sc (Applied Chemistry ) w.e.f. Jan 2015 Kumar Devender, Matric, ITI (Motor Mech.) Sethi Sarita, B.A. Scientists/Technical Officers Singh Brij Mohan, Matric Behl Ambika, M.Tech. (Chemical Engineering)

204 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Binod Kumar, M.E. (Hill Area Development Ram Lal, Non-Matric Engineering) Rishi S. K., B.Com., Diploma in Book Keeping & Gajendra Kumar, M.Tech. (Transportation Engg.) Accountancy Goel Pankaj, M.Tech (Const. Engg. & Management) Singh Attar, Diploma in Civil Engineering Kumar Shanta, B.Sc., L.L.B. Singh Pratap, Metric, ITI Sharma Girish, M. Tech (Chemical Engg.) Singh Mahinder Prasad, Non-Matric (Expired on 26 July, 2015) Subhash, Cert. In Draughtsman Shiksha Swaroopa Rai, M.Tech. Singh Gagandeep, M.Tech. (Infrastructure & Geotechnical Engineering Area Disaster Mitigation in Road) Advisory Group Pandey Satish, B.E. (Civil), M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering) Sudhir Mathur, M.Tech (SM & FE), Chief Scientist Sakkarwal N.K., B.A. Kumar Kishor (Dr.), Ph.D. (Geology Engineering), Chief Scientist & Area Advisor (Consultancy & S&T and Supporting Staff Management) Aashia, I.T.I. Jai Bhagwan, M.Sc. (Physics), Chief Scientist & Raghusaran, Non-Matric Area Advisor (R&D) (Retired in July., 2015) Saini Karuna, M.A. (Economics) Guruvittal U. K., M.E. (Highway) Singh Balbir, Non Metric Singh Manoj Kumar, B.E. (Civil) Ground Improvement Group Singh Nihendra, B.A. Havangi Vasant. G. (Dr.), M.Tech, Ph.D. (Highway & Geotech Engg.), (Group Coordinator) Road Asset Management Group Tiwari Devesh (Dr.), M.E (Transportation Engg.), Scientists/Technical Officer Ph.D (Group Coordinator) Arun Uma,M.Sc. (Chemistry) (Retired in 29 Feb., 2016) Scientists/Technical Officers Beg Raj, B. Sc (Expired on 1 June,2015) Jain Sunil, M.E. (Transportation Engg.) (Group Coordinator) Kanaujia V. K., M.Tech. (Geotechnical Engg.) Pradeep Kumar, M.Sc. (Physics), M. Phil Prasad Prema, M.A. (Instrumentation) Pramada Valli P. (Dr.), M.Sc. (Applied Geology), Sagar A. K., B.Sc. Engg. (Civil), MBA, M.Tech. Ph.D. (Applied Maths) (Environmental Engg.) Parvathi G.S, M.Tech. Jain A. K., M.E. Hons. (Transportation Engg.) Saurikhia A, M.Sc (Env. Engg.) PQDPM, AMIE Rampal, B.Sc. w.e.f Aug. 2014 Rao Y.V., M.Sc. (Maths) Swami R.K., M.Sc. (Chemistry) Rastogi Sarita, Higher Secondary, Diploma in Sinha Anil Kumar, M.Tech. (Geotech. Engg.) Commercial Art S&T and Supporting Staff S&T and Supporting Staff Amit Kumar, B.Tech (Civil) Jamdar Mehto, Non-Matric Dhiman Neha, ITI Saha Sunil Chander, Matric

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 205 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Landslide Management Group S&T and Supporting Staff Singh Kanwar, M.Tech. (Geotechnical Engg.), Prakash Dinesh, Non-Matric (Group Coordinator) Information, Liaison & Training (ILT) Scientists/Technical Officers Amla T. K., M.Sc. (Chemistry), Associateship Ganesh J., M.Tech. (Geotechnical Engg.) (on in Information Science, M. Phil. Science deputation) Communication & Journalism (Chief Scientist & Goel Nitesh K., M.Tech (Transportation) Head) Gupta Pankaj, (Dr.), Ph.D (Engg. Geology) Murugesan.V., SSLC Scientists/Technical Officers Panigrahi R. K., M.Sc.Tech. (Applied Geology) Agarwal R.C., B.E. (Mechanical Engg.), AMIE, PG-PDQM (TQM), C. Engr. (I) Prasad P.S., M.E. (Geotechnical Engg.) Jain Kavita, M.Com Ranjan Alok, M.Tech. (Engineering Geology) Meena M.K., M.Tech. (Civil) S&T and Supporting Staff Pal Pratyush Kumar, M.Sc. (Computer Science) Hari Ram, Non-Matric (Transfered on 06 Nov., 2015) Rekha, I.T.I., B.A. Surinder Kumar, Non-Matric S&T and Supporting Staff Batra Bhupinder Singh, B.Com. HRD & Project Management (HRP) Khan Amin Ali, M.A. (Political Science) Mathur Sudhir, M.Tech (SM & FE) (Area Advisor) Sumitra Bai, Non-Matric

Planning Monitoring & Evaluation (PME) Photo Section Kanaga Durai B. (Dr.), M.A. (Eco), M.R. P. Kumar Ashok, Certificate Course in Colour (Regional Planning) Ph. D (Head) Photography Singh Rajbir, B.A. Scientists/Technical Officers Ravinder D., Diploma in Computer Engg., BCA, Quality Management MCA Bharadwaj R.S., M.Sc., Associateship Saxena Anshul, M.Tech (IT) in Information Science, M.Phil (Science S&T and Supporting Staff Communication & Journalism) (Head) Santosh, Non-matric Scientists/Technical Officers Sri Lal, H.S.C. Kannan S., M.Sc.

Technology Management & Business S&T and Supporting Staff Development Cell & EPR Cell Kumar Sunil, B.A. Saurikhia A., M.Sc. (Env. Engg.), PGDPM, AMIE Khan Farhat Zahoor, M.Tech (Geotechnical) Head Computer & Networking (CCN) Dutta R. N. (Dr.), M.Sc. (Operational Research), Scientists/Technical Officers Ph.D. (Head) Aggarwal Nidhi, M.Sc. (Chemistry)

206 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Scientists/Technical Officer Scientists/Technical Officers Dubey Vivek, M.C.A., PGDBM (Finance & Arora Ashok Kumar, M.A., Dip. in Auto Engg. Marketing) Gola Kewal Krishan, Mariappan S., M.C.A. Sharma N.K, Diploma in Mechanical Engg., B.A., Rajasekhar B., M.Sc. (Transfered on 14 Aug. 2015) B.Tech.( Mechanical ) Rani Reeta, M.Sc. (IT), M.B.A. Sharma Ashok Kumar, Inter, I.T.I. (Motor Mech.) Masih Kamla, M.C.A. (Retired in 31 Mar.,2016) S&T and Supporting Staff Singh Satnam, Matric, I.T.I., National Apperentiship Certificate (Retired in April, 2015) Kumar Anil, Diploma in Computer Mohd. Irshad, Diploma in Draftsmanship (Mech.) Kaushal Vijay Kumar, MCA Manpreet, M.E. (Electronics & Communication S&T and Supporting Staff Engg.) Kishan Swroop, ITI (Electrical/Wireman Course) Shiv Lal, Diploma in Computer Kumar Om, B.A., I.T.I. Sinha Preeti, B.C.A. Meena Babu Lal, Non-Matric Instrumentation (INS) Om Prakash, I.T.I. (Fitting) Sharma D.C., B.E. (Elect), M.Tech (Computers) Ram Pal, Non-Matric (Head) Sachdeva H. L., M.E. (Mech. Engineering) Scientists/Technical Officers Singh Lakhbinder, H.Sc., I.T.I. (Motor Mech.) Chadda Renu, M.Sc. (Botany) Sunil Kumar, Jangpangi Lalita, B.Sc. (Engg.) Sunil Datt, Non-Matric Meshram P.C., M.Tech. (Digital Communication Devender Kumar Engg.) S.K.Dhingra Saini R.P., B.Sc., Diploma (Electronic Engg.) Satish Kumar, Diploma (Electronics & Documentation & Library Services (DLS) Communication) Chhabra Pavan, M.Sc. (Physics), M.LI.Sc, Head Subodh Kumar, M.S., M.B.A. (upto Nov.2015) Tiwari Y.C., M.Sc. (Physics) Scientists/Technical Officers Aggarwal Neera, M.A., B.LI. Sc., Associateship in S&T and Supporting Staff Information Science Kapoor K.J.S., B.Com, I.T.I. Mohpatra Mitali, DLISc., PDLSc., MLSc., PGDLAN Shukla Jai Prakash, Matric Ravinder Kumar, M.A. (Pub.Adm.) Diploma in Paswan Bhawesh Offset Printing Technology

S&T and Supporting Staff Mechanical Engineering Support Ching Lydia, B.Sc., MLISc. Bharadwaj, R. S., M.Sc, Associateship in Information Science, M.Phil (Science Indu Rani, B.A. Communication & Journalism) (Head) Sharma Dev Dutt, Matric

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 207 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Post-Graduate Research Programme (PGRP) S&T and Supporting Staff Jain P. K. (Dr.), Ph.D. (Chemistry) (Chief Scientist Raj Pal Singh Gautam & Coordinator) (Retired in 31Jan.,2016) Tek Chand (Expired on 15 June., 2015) Kanaga Durai B. (Dr.), M.A. (Eco), M.R. P. (Regional Planning) Ph.D (Coordinator ) Electrical Section Sharma D. C., B.E. (Elect.), M.Tech (Computers) Lohani G.C., B.A., L.L.B. (Head)

Rajbhasha Unit Scientists & Technical Officers Suresh Chandra, B.E. (Electrical Engg.), Choudhary Sanjay, M.A., B.Ed., Adv. Dip. in (In-Charge) Computer Khuttan Santosh, B.A. (In-charge) S&T and Supporting Staff Thapa Tek Chand, B.A. Sant Ram, B.A.

Estate Services (ESS) Maharani Bagh Staff Quarters (MBSQ) Sharma B.M., M.E. Transportation Engg., Civil Section Area Advisor Sharma Neeraj (Dr.), Head Tripathi A. K., Dip. in Civil Engg. (Head)

Scientists & Technical Officers Scientists & Technical Officers Mukesh Kumar, M.Tech. (Construction Engg. & Krishan Kant, Diploma (Civil Engg.) Management) Grover Sunil, B.E. (Civil) Sabharwal A.K., B.E.(Civil), M.B.A. (Marketing) Meena Muni Raj, B. Tech (Electrical) Tyagi V.K., Dip. in Civil Engg. Singh D.V., M.Sc. Tara Chand, Dip. in Civil Engg. S&T and Supporting Staff Bhatt Pankaj, Diploma in Civil Engineering S&T and Supporting Staff Choudhary Asif Hussain, B.Com. Bhatt Pankaj Manjhi Raja Lal, Non-Matric Gautam Pandey, Non-Matric Prem Chand, Non-Matric Harish Kumar, ITI (Plumbing) Singh Babban, B.A (Retired in 29 Feb.,2016) Kailash Kumar, Matric Shababuddin Khan, Non-Matric Singh Bhanwar, Non-Matric Vikram Singh, Non Metric Varshney Vaibhav, Diploma in Civil Engineering Vinod Kumar, Non-Matric Directorate Jetly Pushpa, B.A. (Retired in May., 2015) Horticulture Singh Kartar, Matric Jai Bhagwan, M. Sc. Physics, Head (Retired in July, Singh Madhu Sudan, Non-Matric (Retired in Aug., 2015) 2015) Ashok Kumar, M.Sc. (Hort.) (In-charge) Saini Sunita, HSc

208 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Administration Meena Murari Lal, B.A. Jitender Parasar (Controller of Administration) Rajan Tirkey, B.A. (Hons.) (Transfered to IGIB on 22 Sep., 2015) Vigilance Cell D. Vijaya Lakshmi (Controller of Administration) Joined w.e.f. 19 June,2015 Singh Vandana D., (Section Officer) Kumar Vijay, HSc Dhamija Aruna, B.A. (Retired in 31 Mar.,2016) Mehto Yoginder, Non-Matric Kurian Sam, SSLC Rakesh Kumar, Intermediate Zaidi Meesam Ravi Kumar, Non-Matric Cash Sachdeva Priti, B.A. (Hons.) & Diploma in Bhambota V.K., Matric Secretarial Practices, (Receptionist) Singh Karam, Matric Finance & Account Section Thakur Suresh Prasad, Matric M.K. Jain, C.O. (F & A) (Transfered on 30 Nov. Establishment-I 2015) Vinod kumar, B.A. (Section Officer) Avanish Kumar, SO (F&A) Kant Chander K.C. Paliwal, F & AO Chopra Rajeev, Sr. Sec. Dinesh Kumar F & AO (Joined w.e.f. 02 Nov. 2015) Dhingra S.K., B.Com Malik Neelam, Matric Devi Sumitra, Non-Matric Nagi Vikas Singh Kaur Satinder, B.A. Phool Chandra, M.A. Mehto Sri Ram, Matric Sharma Bishan Dass, B.A. Establishment-II Singh Ajit Kumar, B. A. Sudhanshu Kumar, (Section Officer) Singh Jagdish, Matric Kumar Anil, B.A. Shiv Narain, Non-Matric Desraj Dinesh Kumar, Non-Matric Purchase Section Madhu Bala, B.Com (Retired in June, 2015) Khanna Mukesh, Senior Store and Purchase Malhotra R.K., HSc (Retired in Oct., 2015) Officer Sharma Ramesh Chand, H.Sc. Kaushal Kishore, (Dy. Store and Purchase Officer) Singh Bhajan, B.A. (Transfered on 30 Nov., 2015) Singh Gajai, Non-Matric (Retired in Sep., 2015) Bairagi K. Talwar Baldev (Retired in Apr., 2015) Chhachhia Sumer Singh Verghese Kunjumol, Senior Secondary Dussy Virender Kumar Personnel Cell Kumar Vijender, Matric Shankar Sanjeev, (Section Officer) Rachna Kumari, Bhatia Parveen, B.A., Certificate in Lib. Science Kumar Sujit Dharam Pal, Non-Matric Verma Veena, M.A.

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 209 Staff of the CSIR-CRRI (As on 31st March, 2016)

Store Section Bariya Rajesh Kukreti C.M., HSc Narayan Chet Kumar Bijender Singh Rajbir Paswan Gore Lal, Matric Singh Rajpat Suraj Security, Guest House and Canteen Canteen Security Prakash Braham, (Manager) Prakash Om, Non-Matric Hem Kumar Singh Dharam, (Care Taker) Singh Ram, Non-Matric Kumari Kamlesh Kumar Manoj Guest House (Wing I & II) Rao Ramesh (Expired on 3 Dec.,2015) Siddiqui Fasih Ahmed (Manager) Singh Balbir Acharya Keshav Ram Singh Rajinder Balmiki Ramsai Thapa Prem Bahadur

210 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 Management Council

Dr. S.Gangopadhyay Chairman (Ex-officio ) Director, CSIR-CRRI New Delhi

Prof. S.K. Bhattacharya Member Director, CSIR-CBRI Roorkee

Dr. Anuradha Shukla Member Chief Scientist, CSIR-CRRI New Delhi

Sh. M.N. Nagabhushana Member Principal Scientist, CSIR-CRRI New Delhi

Sh. P.S. Prasad Member Sr. Scientist, CSIR-CRRI New Delhi

Dr. Mukti Advani Member Sr. Scientist, CSIR-CRRI New Delhi

Dr. S.K. Sharma Member Principal Technical Officer, CSIR-CRRI New Delhi

Dr. B.K. Durai Member (Ex-officio ) Head (PME Division), CSIR-CRRI New Delhi Finance & Accounts Officer Member (Ex-officio ) CSIR-CRRI New Delhi Sh. Jitender Parasar Member-Secretary (Ex-officio ) Controller of Administration CSIR-CRRI New Delhi

CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16 211 Research Council

Prof. M.R. Madhav Chairman Dr. Sudeep Kumar Member Professor Head, Planning and Performance (Permanent SUTEJA 159, Road No. 10 Division Invitee) Banjara Hills, Council of Scientific & Industrial Hydrabad Research, Anusandhan Bhavan, 2-Rafi Marg Prof. A. Veeraragavan Member New Delhi Department of Civil Engineering Mr. Jose Kurian Member Indian Institute of Technology, Chief Engineer ( DTTDC ) Madras, Chennai Engineering Division Aruna Nagar, Prof. Arun K. Attri Member New Delhi-110054 Dean School of Environmental Sciences Chief Engineer (Standards & Member Jawaharlal Nehru University Research) New Delhi-110070 Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Govt. of India, 1-Parliament Street, Dr. Ashwni Pahuja Member New Delhi Director General Prof. S.K. Bhattacharya Member National Council for Cement and Director Building Material CSIR-Central Building Research 34,KM Stone,Delhi-Mathura Road, Institute Roorkee Ballabgarh, Haryana Dr. S. Gangopadhyay Member Dr. Amrita Sen Gupta Member Director (upto 30th Nov. 2015) Director Scientist H CSIR-Central Road Research Lab. Department of Time and Frequency Institute New Delhi-110025 Standards Prof. (Dr.) Satish Chandra Member CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Director (from 18th Jan. 2016) Director New Rajinder Nagar, CSIR-Central Road Research Lab. New Delhi Institute New Delhi-110025

Prof. G.Biswas Member Dr. Anuradha Shukla Secretary Director Secretary CSIR-CentralMechanical Chief Scientist Engineering Research Institute CSIR-Central Road Research Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Institute New Delhi-110025 Durgapur

212 CSIR-CRRI Annual Report 2015-16