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ESD Distinguished Scientist Seminar Series
94720 Berkeley, CA Road One Cyclotron Laboratory National Berkeley Lawrence Earth SciencesDivision DIRECTIONS By BART Take the Richmond line to the downtown Berkeley exit -- not the North Berkeley exit, and not the Ashby exit, just the Berkeley exit. Get off at the Berkeley exit, go up to the street level, and find our shuttle bus stop. It is on the north side of Center Street at its intersection with Shattuck Avenue next to the bank automatic teller machine. By LBNL Bus You can then take the shuttle bus to the Lab. ESD Distinguished Please note, visitors are required to bring visitor bus pass (can be requested through Visitor Pass Scientist Seminar site https://visitorpass.lbl.gov/public_html/login.jsp), Series email, or permission from lab host written on department letterhead. Please contact Yingying Kooyman at 510-486-4539 or at Topic: Investigating the physical basis [email protected] for details. of biomineralization Speaker: Patricia Dove By Car Virginia Tech Take Highway 80 to the University Avenue exit. 10:30 AM-12:00 noon Drive east on University Avenue until Oxford Bldg. 50 Auditorium Street. Turn left on Oxford. Go two blocks to Hearst Street. Turn right on Hearst until you hit Friday, January 15, 2010 LBNL. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory For inquiries, please contact: Caption describing picture or graphic. Yingying Kooyman 510-486-4539 Web site: http://esdnews.wordpress.com/distinguished- scientist-seminar-series/ ABSTRACT BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH SCHEDULE The ability of organisms to mineralize Patricia M. Dove is a Professor of tissues into skeletons and other Geochemistry in the Department of functional structures is a crowning Geosciences at Virginia Tech. -
Late Precambrian Balkan-Carpathian Ophiolite
University of South Florida Masthead Logo Scholar Commons Geology Faculty Publications Geology 10-2001 Late Precambrian Balkan-Carpathian Ophiolite - A Slice of the Pan-African Ocean Crust?: Geochemical and Tectonic Insights from the Tcherni Vrah and Deli Jovan Massifs, Bulgaria and Serbia Ivan P. Savov University of South Florida, [email protected] Jeffrey G. Ryan University of South Florida, [email protected] Ivan Haydoutov Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Geological Institute Johan Schijf University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gly_facpub Part of the Geology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Savov, Ivan P.; Ryan, Jeffrey G.; Haydoutov, Ivan; and Schijf, Johan, "Late Precambrian Balkan-Carpathian Ophiolite - A Slice of the Pan-African Ocean Crust?: Geochemical and Tectonic Insights from the Tcherni Vrah and Deli Jovan Massifs, Bulgaria and Serbia" (2001). Geology Faculty Publications. 139. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gly_facpub/139 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Geology at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Geology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 110 *2001) 299±318 www.elsevier.com/locate/jvolgeores Late Precambrian Balkan-Carpathian ophiolite Ð a slice of the Pan-African ocean crust?: geochemical and tectonic insights from the Tcherni Vrah and Deli Jovan massifs, Bulgaria and Serbia Ivan Savova,*, Jeff Ryana, Ivan Haydoutovb, Johan Schijfc aDepartment of Geology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., SCA 520, Tampa, FL 33620-5201, USA bBulgarian Academy of Sciences, Geological Institute, So®a 1113, Bulgaria cDepartment of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Ave S, St. -
Lithospheric Modification During Crustal Extension in the Main Ethiopian Rift
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, B10201, doi:10.1029/2006JB004916, 2007 Click Here for Full Article Lithospheric modification during crustal extension in the Main Ethiopian Rift Tyrone Rooney,1,2 Tanya Furman,1 Ian Bastow,3,4 Dereje Ayalew,5,6 and Gezahegn Yirgu5 Received 22 December 2006; revised 11 May 2007; accepted 27 June 2007; published 5 October 2007. [1] Quaternary lavas erupted in zones of tectonomagmatic extension within the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) preserve details of lithospheric structure in the East African Rift System. Despite observed source heterogeneity, basalts, trachybasalts, and basaltic trachyandesites erupted in the Wonjii Fault Belt (WFB) and the Silti-Debre Zeyit Fault Zone (SDFZ) form coherent fractionation paths dominated by variable removal of observed phenocryst phases. Crustal assimilation is not widespread, though it is observed at the southern end of the WFB where both fault belts merge; farther north, assimilation of cumulate phases related to fractional crystallization of previous magmas is identified. Shallow fractionation conditions ( 1 kbar) within the WFB do not change from north to south. In contrast, lavas erupted within the contemporaneous SDFZ fractionate at various crustal depths. These results indicate a better developed magmatic system beneath the WFB where magmas rose quickly before undergoing more significant fractionation at near surface levels and a less developed system beneath the SDFZ. The distribution of magmatism and extant geophysical data indicate thinned crust and a single rift-centered zone of magmatic activity northeast of 8°300N, consistent with a transitional lithosphere between continental and oceanic settings. Southwest of 8°300N, thicker crust and rift- marginal axes of extension suggest lithosphere with continental affinities. -
Author's Personal Copy
Author's personal copy Chemical Geology 271 (2010) 70–85 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Chemical Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/chemgeo Chemical variations and regional diversity observed in MORB Ricardo Arevalo Jr. ⁎, William F. McDonough Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA article info abstract Article history: An assemblage of MORB analyses (n =792 samples), including a suite of new, high-precision LA-ICP-MS Received 14 April 2009 measurements (n =79), has been critically compiled in order to provide a window into the chemical Received in revised form 4 December 2009 composition of these mantle-derived materials and their respective source region(s), commonly referred to Accepted 17 December 2009 as the depleted MORB mantle (DMM). This comprehensive MORB data set, which includes both “normal- ” fi b “ ” ≥ Editor: D.B. Dingwell type (N-MORB, de ned by (La/Sm)N 1.00) and enriched-type samples (E-MORB, (La/Sm)N 1.00), defines a global MORB composition that is more enriched in incompatible elements than previous models. A Keywords: statistical evaluation of the true constancy of “canonical” trace element ratios using this data set reveals that MORB during MORB genesis Ti/Eu, Y/Ho and Ce/Pb remain constant at the 95% confidence-level; thus, the ratios DMM recorded in MORB (Ti/Eu=7060±1270, 2σ; Y/Ho=28.4±3.6, 2σ; Ce/Pb=22.2±9.7, 2σ)mayreflect the Basalt composition of the DMM, presuming the degree of source heterogeneity, component mixing and conditions Trace element of melting/crystallization of the DMM are adequately recorded by global MORB. -
Continental-Scale Links Between the Mantle and Groundwater Systems of the Western United States: Evidence from Travertine Springs and Regional He Isotope Data
VOL. 15, No. 12 A PUBLICATION OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICa DECEMBER 2005 Continental-scale links between the mantle and groundwater systems of the western United States: Evidence from travertine springs and regional He isotope data Inside: Continental-scale links between the mantle and groundwater systems of the western United States: Evidence from travertine springs and regional He isotope data, by DENNIS L. NEWEll, LAURA J. CROSSEY, KARL E. KARLSTROM, TOBIAS P. FISCHER, AND DAVID R. HILTON, p. 4 Section Meetings: Northeastern, p. 14 Southeastern, p. 20 South-Central, p. 27 le re sab fer e i r d e s n o I u r c e s tectonics, petrology, mantle dynamics, impacts, and syntheses reconcil- Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms ing several branches of earth science. Included are chapters that advocate edited by Gillian R. Foulger, James H. Natland, Dean C. Presnall, the plume model and ones that advocate alternative models. The book and Don L. Anderson will enjoy a long lifetime of usefulness and functions as a reference work for students, scholars, and informed lay people. It is equally valuable This beautiful compendium of work on hotspot volcanism documents the for supporting advanced undergraduate or post-graduate courses and re- development, current state-of-play, and future prospects of all branches search scientists working at the forefront of hotspot science. It is an es- of the subject. It contains extensive and indispensable reference resources sential addition to the bookshelves of every science library, earth science in the form of hotspot, tectonic, volcano and tomographic maps and cross teacher, and research scientist who aspires to understand the frontiers of sections of Earth. -
Formation Mechanisms of Ringwoodite: Clues from the Martian Meteorite
Zhang et al. Earth, Planets and Space (2021) 73:165 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-021-01494-1 FULL PAPER Open Access Formation mechanisms of ringwoodite: clues from the Martian meteorite Northwest Africa 8705 Ting Zhang1,2, Sen Hu1, Nian Wang1,2, Yangting Lin1* , Lixin Gu1,3, Xu Tang1,3, Xinyu Zou4 and Mingming Zhang1 Abstract Ringwoodite and wadsleyite are the high-pressure polymorphs of olivine, which are common in shocked meteorites. They are the major constituent minerals in the terrestrial mantle. NWA 8705, an olivine-phyric shergottite, was heavily shocked, producing shock-induced melt veins and pockets associated with four occurrences of ringwoodite: (1) the lamellae intergrown with the host olivine adjacent to a shock-induced melt pocket; (2) polycrystalline assemblages preserving the shapes and compositions of the pre-existing olivine within a shock-induced melt vein (60 μm in width); (3) the rod-like grains coexisting with wadsleyite and clinopyroxene within a shock-induced melt vein; (4) the microlite clusters embedded in silicate glass within a very thin shock-induced melt vein (20 μm in width). The frst two occurrences of ringwoodite likely formed via solid-state transformation from olivine, supported by their mor- phological features and homogeneous compositions (Mg# 64–62) similar to the host olivine (Mg# 66–64). The third occurrence of ringwoodite might fractionally crystallize from the shock-induced melt, based on its heterogeneous and more FeO-enriched compositions (Mg# 76–51) than those of the coexisting wadsleyite (Mg# 77–67) and the host olivine (Mg# 66–64) of this meteorite. The coexistence of ringwoodite, wadsleyite, and clinopyroxene suggests a post- shock pressure of 14–16 GPa and a temperature of 1650–1750 °C. -
50 Years of Petrology
spe500-01 1st pgs page 1 The Geological Society of America 18888 201320 Special Paper 500 2013 CELEBRATING ADVANCES IN GEOSCIENCE Plates, planets, and phase changes: 50 years of petrology David Walker* Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA ABSTRACT Three advances of the previous half-century fundamentally altered petrology, along with the rest of the Earth sciences. Planetary exploration, plate tectonics, and a plethora of new tools all changed the way we understand, and the way we explore, our natural world. And yet the same large questions in petrology remain the same large questions. We now have more information and understanding, but we still wish to know the following. How do we account for the variety of rock types that are found? What does the variety and distribution of these materials in time and space tell us? Have there been secular changes to these patterns, and are there future implications? This review examines these bigger questions in the context of our new understand- ings and suggests the extent to which these questions have been answered. We now do know how the early evolution of planets can proceed from examples other than Earth, how the broad rock cycle of the present plate tectonic regime of Earth works, how the lithosphere atmosphere hydrosphere and biosphere have some connections to each other, and how our resources depend on all these things. We have learned that small planets, whose early histories have not been erased, go through a wholesale igneous processing essentially coeval with their formation. -
Ice Core Science
PAGES International Project Offi ce Sulgeneckstrasse 38 3007 Bern Switzerland Tel: +41 31 312 31 33 Fax: +41 31 312 31 68 [email protected] Text Editing: Leah Christen News Layout: Christoph Kull Hubertus Fischer, Christoph Kull and Circulation: 4000 Thorsten Kiefer, Editors VOL.14, N°1 – APRIL 2006 Ice Core Science Ice cores provide unique high-resolution records of past climate and atmospheric composition. Naturally, the study area of ice core science is biased towards the polar regions but ice cores can also be retrieved from high .pages-igbp.org altitude glaciers. On the satellite picture are those ice cores covered in this issue of PAGES News (Modifi ed image of “The Blue Marble” (http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov) provided by kk+w - digital cartography, Kiel, Germany; Photos by PNRA/EPICA, H. Oerter, V. Lipenkov, J. Freitag, Y. Fujii, P. Ginot) www Contents 2 Announcements - Editorial: The future of ice core research - Dating of ice cores - Inside PAGES - Coastal ice cores - Antarctica - New on the bookshelf - WAIS Divide ice core - Antarctica - Tales from the fi eld - ITASE project - Antarctica - In memory of Nick Shackleton - New Dome Fuji ice core - Antarctica - Vostok ice drilling project - Antarctica 6 Program News - EPICA ice cores - Antarctica - The IPICS Initiative - 425-year precipitation history from Italy - New sea-fl oor drilling equipment - Sea-level changes: Black and Caspian Seas - Relaunch of the PAGES Databoard - Quaternary climate change in Arabia 12 National Page 40 Workshop Reports - Chile - 2nd Southern Deserts Conference - Chile - Climate change and tree rings - Russia 13 Science Highlights - Global climate during MIS 11 - Greece - NGT and PARCA ice cores - Greenland - NorthGRIP ice core - Greenland 44 Last Page - Reconstructions from Alpine ice cores - Calendar - Tropical ice cores from the Andes - PAGES Guest Scientist Program ISSN 1563–0803 The PAGES International Project Offi ce and its publications are supported by the Swiss and US National Science Foundations and NOAA. -
Impact Shock Origin of Diamonds in Ureilite Meteorites
Impact shock origin of diamonds in ureilite meteorites Fabrizio Nestolaa,b,1, Cyrena A. Goodrichc,1, Marta Moranad, Anna Barbarod, Ryan S. Jakubeke, Oliver Christa, Frank E. Brenkerb, M. Chiara Domeneghettid, M. Chiara Dalconia, Matteo Alvarod, Anna M. Fiorettif, Konstantin D. Litasovg, Marc D. Friesh, Matteo Leonii,j, Nicola P. M. Casatik, Peter Jenniskensl, and Muawia H. Shaddadm aDepartment of Geosciences, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy; bGeoscience Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany; cLunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, TX 77058; dDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; eAstromaterials Research and Exploration Science Division, Jacobs Johnson Space Center Engineering, Technology and Science, NASA, Houston, TX 77058; fInstitute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council, I-35131 Padova, Italy; gVereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, Troitsk, 108840 Moscow, Russia; hNASA Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation Office, Johnson Space Center, NASA, Houston, TX 77058; iDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, I-38123 Trento, Italy; jSaudi Aramco R&D Center, 31311 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; kSwiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland; lCarl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043; and mDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Khartoum, 11111 Khartoum, Sudan Edited by Mark Thiemens, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, and approved August 12, 2020 (received for review October 31, 2019) The origin of diamonds in ureilite meteorites is a timely topic in to various degrees and in these samples the graphite areas, though planetary geology as recent studies have proposed their formation still having external blade-shaped morphologies, are internally at static pressures >20 GPa in a large planetary body, like diamonds polycrystalline (18). -
Ultrafast Growth of Wadsleyite in Shock-Produced Melts and Its Implications for Early Solar System Impact Processes
Ultrafast growth of wadsleyite in shock-produced melts and its implications for early solar system impact processes Oliver Tschaunera,b, Paul D. Asimowb, Natalya Kostandovab, Thomas J. Ahrensb,c,1, Chi Mab, Stanislas Sinogeikind, Zhenxian Liue, Sirine Fakraf, and Nobumichi Tamuraf aHigh Pressure Science and Engineering Center, Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154; bDivision of Geological and Planetary Sciences, and cLindhurst Laboratory of Experimental Geophysics, Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; dHigh Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; eGeophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015; and fAdvanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 Contributed by Thomas J. Ahrens, June 17, 2009 (sent for review June 20, 2008) We observed micrometer-sized grains of wadsleyite, a high-pres- induced melt veins of meteorites. Seconds- to minutes-long sure phase of (Mg,Fe)2SiO4, in the recovery products of a shock high-pressure durations are not achievable in laboratory-scale experiment. We infer these grains crystallized from shock-gener- shock experiments, which is generally considered one of the ated melt over a time interval of <1 s, the maximum time over principal reasons for the failure to recover these phases in which our experiment reached and sustained pressure sufficient to experiments (12, 20, 25). If long shock durations are in -
Robert N. Ulrich
Robert N Ulrich 595 Charles E Young Drive East, Slichter Hall RM 2855 Los Angeles, CA 90095 [email protected] — https://www.robertnulrich.com/ — (703) 851-7276 Education University of California, Los Angeles September 2017 – Present Ph.D., Geochemistry Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University August 2013 – May 2017 B.S., Chemistry B.S., Geosciences Honors and Awards National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow Fall 2018 - Present Reclaiming STEM Cohort Member (Inaugural class) Summer 2018 - Present Center for Diverse Leadership in Science Graduate Fellow Summer 2018 - Present COACh Travel Scholarship ($800) Fall 2018 Point Foundation Scholarship Semifinalist Spring 2018 Scientist Biography feature in book for Pearson Education’s Elevate Science California Program Fall 2017 Short biography in new textbooks to showcase scientists from underrepresented groups and their research UCLA Office of Instructional Development Mini-grant ($250) Fall 2017 To help pay for transportation to take students on a field trip for Env Sci M10 – Introduction to Environmental Science UCLA Graduate Division Fellowship Award ($10,000) Fall 2017 Thomas T. Jeffries Endowed Fund Scholarship ($1,000) Spring 2016 Dean’s List All semesters 2014 - 2017 Research Experience University of California, Los Angeles – Advisor, Dr. Aradhna Tripati (current projects) September 2017 – Present Graduate Student Researcher, Using multiple geochemical tracers to shed light on a newly-discovered major mineral formation pathway for biominerals Purpose: To determine -
The Depths of Magma Chambers Under the Galapagos Ridge Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation With
The Depths of Magma Chambers under the Galapagos Ridge Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation with a Bachelor of Science in Geological Sciences in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Emily V. England The Ohio State University August 2008 Dr. Michael Barton Advisor Table of Contents Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………..p.1 Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………p.2 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….p.4 Background……………………………………………………………………………..p.6 Methods………………………………………………………………………………..p.9 Samples……………………………………………………………………………..…p.11 Results…………………………………………………………………………………p.13 Discussion……………………………………………………………………………..p.15 Conclusions……………………………………………………………………………p. 18 References…………………………………………………………………………….p.19 Appendix (Summary of P and T)……………………………………………………..p. 21 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to give thanks to the following people for helping me with my research on the Galapagos ridge while at The Ohio State University: my research advisor Dr. Michael Barton who suggested this project and mentored me along the way, Dr. Wendy Panero for her time and conversation, graduate student Daniel Kelley, and classmate Jameson “Dino” Scott. I would also like to acknowledge the entire Geological Sciences Department at OSU. I have been thoroughly pleased with my education and believe that I have found a field that I will enjoy and pursue for the rest of my life. And of course I thank my parents and family for more than words can say. 1 ABSTRACT The Galapagos Ridge System is one of the