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A Qualitative Study of African American Military Couples Emelda Curry University of South Florida, [email protected]

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A Qualitative Study of African American Military Couples Emelda Curry University of South Florida, Melcurry01@Gmail.Com University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School January 2013 "It's This Simple, You Really Have to Want to Be Together": A Qualitative Study of African American Military Couples Emelda Curry University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the African American Studies Commons, and the Ethnic Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Curry, Emelda, ""It's This Simple, You Really Have to Want to Be Together": A Qualitative Study of African American Military Couples" (2013). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4462 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ”It’s This Simple, You Really Have to Want to be Together”: A Qualitative Study of African American Military Couples By Emelda E. Curry A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Applied Anthropology College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: S. Elizabeth Bird, Ph.D. Susan D. Greenbaum, Ph.D. Heide Castañeda, Ph.D. Kenneth Williamson, Ph.D. Aaron Smith, Ph.D. Date of Approval: April 9, 2013 Keywords: Marriage, photo-elicitation, armed forces, deployment, strengths-based Copyright © 2013, Emelda E. Curry Dedication I dedicate this dissertation to my parents, Alphonso and Pearl Curry. The love and commitment you have demonstrated in your marriage inspired me. Your endless support and encouragement sustained me during a process that included many highs and lows. In the collective spirit of our ancestors, I can triumphantly proclaim “We Did It!” Acknowledgments I give all praises and glory to God for ordering my steps throughout my graduate school experience and empowering me to complete this dissertation. I would like to thank Dr. Aaron Smith who first planted the seed many years ago of returning to school for a doctoral degree and whose mentorship has been a guiding force. I appreciate the active-duty and retired military couples who opened their homes and shared their stories of military life. Special thanks also go to Willie King whose assistance with recruitment was instrumental in the completion of my research. Finally, I am very grateful for my Major Professor, Dr. S. Elizabeth Bird who made what could have been a harrowing experience much more pleasant, and my dissertation committee: Dr. Susan Greenbaum, Dr. Heide Castañeda, Dr. Kenneth Williamson, and Dr. Aaron Smith. Their support and encouragement will always be remembered. i Table of Contents List of Tables ........................................................................................................ iv List of Figures ....................................................................................................... v Abstract ................................................................................................................ vi Chapter One: Introduction .................................................................................... 1 Background of Researcher ........................................................................ 2 Research on Military Couples .................................................................... 3 Research on African-American Couples .................................................... 4 Overview of Dissertation ............................................................................ 5 Chapter Two: Research on African-American Families ........................................ 7 Introduction ................................................................................................ 7 Anthropology of Marriage ........................................................................... 7 Approaches to Research on the African American Family ....................... 10 Formative Research on the African American Family .............................. 11 Melville Herskovits ........................................................................ 11 E. Franklin Frazier ......................................................................... 12 The Moynihan Report .................................................................... 13 Class Distinctions .......................................................................... 15 Non-Marital Births ......................................................................... 16 Female-Headed Households and Matriarchy ................................ 17 Response to the Deficit Perspective ........................................................ 20 Research on Marital Quality ..................................................................... 23 Policy Implications ................................................................................... 24 Chapter Three: Research Context: American Military Culture ............................ 27 Introduction .............................................................................................. 27 Anthropology of the Military ..................................................................... 27 Military Structure ...................................................................................... 32 Race in the Military .................................................................................. 35 Women in the Military .............................................................................. 39 Military Deployments................................................................................ 42 Marital Status ........................................................................................... 46 The Military Spouse ................................................................................. 50 Military Strategies to Support Families..................................................... 55 Army .............................................................................................. 56 Navy .............................................................................................. 57 Marines ......................................................................................... 58 Air Force ....................................................................................... 59 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 59 Chapter Four: Methodological Considerations.................................................... 61 ii Introduction .............................................................................................. 61 Purpose of Study ..................................................................................... 61 Key Issues Prior to Research .................................................................. 62 Grounded Theory Approach .................................................................... 63 Evolution of Study Criteria and Recruitment Strategies ........................... 64 Description of MacDill Air Force Base...................................................... 66 Data Collection-Interviews ....................................................................... 68 Interview Protocol .................................................................................... 74 Data Collection-Observation .................................................................... 75 Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 76 Description of Couples ............................................................................. 77 Ethical Considerations ............................................................................. 79 Chapter Five: Results ......................................................................................... 81 Introduction .............................................................................................. 81 Introduction to the Couples ...................................................................... 81 Howard and Connie ...................................................................... 81 Bernard and Sheila ....................................................................... 83 Matthew and Felicia ...................................................................... 84 Mark and Jeanine .......................................................................... 85 John and Staci .............................................................................. 86 Chris and Shelley .......................................................................... 87 Jerry and Gwen ............................................................................. 89 Lawrence and Marcia .................................................................... 89 David and Sarah ........................................................................... 91 Michael and Rachel ....................................................................... 91 Theme 1: Duty-Related Separations ........................................................ 93 Theme 2: Communication During Separations ........................................ 98 Theme 3: Reintegration ......................................................................... 100 Theme 4: Delineation of Roles ............................................................... 105 Theme
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