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Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes Rhabdocoela) from the Kenyan Coast, with Descriptions of Four New Species

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Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes Rhabdocoela) from the Kenyan Coast, with Descriptions of Four New Species Tropical Zoologs 2 : 145- 157, 1989 Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes Rhabdocoela) from the Kenyan Coast, with descriptions of four new species P.E.H. J o u k an d A.J.-P. D e V o c h t Research Group Zoology, Department SBM, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, B-3610 Diepenbeek, Belgium Received 6 March 1989, accepted 1 ]une 1989 Sandy sediments and algae from the litoral and sublitoral zone of the coast near Mombasa were sampled. Eighteen species of Kalyptorhynchia were collected, of which four new species of Schizorhynchia are described here, two Cheliplana species, one Baltoplana sp. and one Carcharodorhynchus sp. Cheliplana asica terminalis Brunet 1968 described from the Mediterranean and also recorded from Somalia was found as well. Five out of 13 species of Eukalyptorhynchia were already recorded from Somalia. Polycystis ali Schockaert 1982, P. subcontorta Schockaert 1982 and Cincturorhynchus karlingi Schockaert 1982 were newly described from the Somalian coast. P. contorta Schockaert & Karling 1975 also known from Norway and the Mediterranean and Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg 1831 is an ubiquist. Six new species of Eukalypto­ rhynchia collected from algae will be described in a later publication. Additional information is given on Alcha evelinae Marcus 1949 and Toia ycia Marcus 1952. k e y w o r d s : Plathelminthes, Rhabdocoela, Kalyptorhynchia, Kenya, new species, species list. Introduction ............................................................................................................................146 Material and methods .................................................................................................... 146 Descriptions ............................................................................................................................146 Eukalyptorhynchia.................................................................................................... 146 Polycystis ali Schockaert 1982 146 Polycystis contorta Schockaert & Karling 1975 147 Polycystis subcontorta Schockaert 1982 147 Alcha evelinae Marcus 1949 147 Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg 1831 148 Cincturorhynchus karlingi Schockaert 1982 148 Toia ycia Marcus 1952 148 Schizorhynchia............................................................................................................149 Carcharodorhynchus involutus n. sp. ...................................................... 149 Baltoplana bisphaera n. sp. 149 Cheliplana asica terminalis Brunet 1968 151 Cheliplana pileola n. sp. .............................................................................151 Cheliplana textilis n. sp. .............................................................................153 146 P.E.H. Jouk and A.J.-P. De Vocht Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................155 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ 155 References ............................................................................................................................156 INTRODUCTION Up to now, records on marine Turbellaria from Africa are very few and solely restricted to the Somalian coast(Schockaert 1971, 1982; Schockaert & M artens 1985, 1987). Thusfar,Schockaert (1971, 1982) recorded 10 species of Kalyptorhyn­ chia, seven of which were new to science. In this first contribution of Kenyan Turbellaria, 12 species of Kalyptorhynchia are listed, of which four new species of Schizorhynchia are described here. Six new species of Eukalyptorhynchia will be described in a later publication. MATERIAL AND METHODS All the species were collected by the first author from marine habitats in the neighbourhood of Mombasa in September-October 1985 and May-June 1987. Living animals were extracted from the sediment with a MgCk-solution isotonic to seawater (M a r t e n s 1984). Species living on algae were separated by stirring the algae vigorously in seawater. After studying the animals alive, whole mounts were made with lactophenol or polyvinyllactophenol. If found in sufficient numbers, some specimens were fixed in Bouin’s fluid and serially sectioned. Sections were stained with Heiden- hain’s iron hematoxylin, using eosin as counterstain. All material, included types, is deposited in the collection of the Limburgs Universitair Centrum ( = LUC). DESCRIPTIONS Eukalyptorhynchia Polycystis ali Schockaert 1982 (Fig. 3A) Distribution. Somalia, N of Mogadiscio (Hawadli) on algae in pools on the rocky shore at low tide (Schockaert 1982). California (USA) in tidal pools and shallow water in gravel, on stones and algae(K a r lin g 1986). Galapagos Islands, in a tidal pool (see K a r lin g 1986). Locality in Kenya. At the mouth of Tudor Creek, Mombasa (McKenzie Point), onThalassia hemprichii, covered by the epiphyteEnteromorpha kylinii in pools on the rocky shore at low tide. Material. One animal studied alive and mounted. Additional information. K a r lin g (1986) distinguishes three «forms» based on the differences in shape and size of the stylet. These «forms» match the populations from the three areas of distribution. The stylet in our specimen is 20 pm high and 41 pm wide distally, which is somewhat larger than inSchockaert’ s material (17 pm high Kalyptorhynchia from Kenya 147 and 28 pm wide). The collar of the stylet has a finely toothed edge all around and shows no slit (Fig. 3A). These characters indicate that this specimen belongs to the «Somali» form. Polycystis contorta Schockaert & Karling 1975 Distribution. Norway, S of Bergen, in shell gravel, 7-50 m deep. Mediterranean, Marseille area (France) inAmphioxus- sand (Schockaert & Karling 1975). Somalia, N of Mogadiscio (Hawadli) on algae in pools on the rocky shore at low tide (Schockaert 1982). Locality in Kenya. Same locality as forP. ali. Material. One animal studied alive and mounted. Additional information. The length of the stylet in our specimen (45 pm, mea­ sured along its central axis) is only slightly less than the lengths (51-53 pm) observed by Schockaert & Karling (1975). The drawing ofSchockaert (1982) shows a smaller stylet (about 40 pm) for his Somalian specimens. These observations indicate the presence of a smaller stylet in the East African populations. Polycystis subcontorta Schockaert 1982 Distribution. Somalia, N of Mogadiscio (Hawadli) on the sandy bottom of a pool on the rocky shore at low tide. Locality in Kenya. Same locality as forP. ali. Material. One animal studied alive and mounted. Additional information. The stylet in the Kenyan specimen is 76 pm long (measured along the central axis of the stylet). This is much smaller than in the Somalian specimens (126 pm long).Schockaert (1982) mentions the presence of two optically empty vesicles communicating with the oviducts, but their function re­ mained unknown because of the incomplete female maturity of his specimens. In our specimen, these vesicles contained sperm. This is the first recording of seminal receptacles in the genusPolycystis. Alcha evelinae Marcus 1949 (Fig. 3B) Distribution. Brazil, on seaweed in the eulitoral zone(M a r c u s 1949). California (USA) in tidal pools in gravel and on seaweed(Karling & Schockaert 1977). Locality in Kenya. Same locality as forP. ali and at 6 m depth onThalassia hemprichii, partly covered by the epiphyteSyringodium isoetifolium (English Point). Material. This species was the most abundant representative of the Eukalyptorhynchia in the area investigated. More than 50 specimens were studied alive and at least 25 were preserved as whole mounts. Additional information. According to the descriptions Mof a r c u s (1949) and Karling & Schockaert (1977) our specimens clearly belong to this species. The length of the male cuticular apparatus (Fig. 3B) varies from 33 to 50 pm. In the Brazilian material, it was 40 pm long, in the California 53 pm. 148 P.E.H. Jouk and A.J.-P. De Vocht Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg 1831 Distribution. This species has always been considered to be a cosmopolitan and holeuryhaline species. For example, it has been encountered on the European Atlantic and North Sea coasts(B o a d en 1963,K a r lin g 1963, Ax & Ax 1970,S c h ilk e 1970), in fresh water in Finland and Germany(H e itk a m p 1978), in the Baltic (K a r lin g 1963, 1974), the Mediterranean( B r u n e t 1980, Puccinelli & Curini-Galletti 1987), the Black Sea (Magic Fiha 1968), Hawaii (K a r lin g et al. 1972), California (Karling & Schockaert 1977), Bermuda(K a r lin g 1978), NE Asia (E v d o n in 1971) and Somalia (Schockaert 1982). Locality in Kenya. At the mouth of Tudor Creek, Mombasa (English Point), at 6 m depth onThalassia hemprichii, partly covered by the epiphyteSyringodium isoetifo­ lium. Material. One animal studied alive and mounted. Additional information. The measures of the cuticular apparatus are: stylet, 90 pm; sheath, 28 pm; stalk, 44 pm. The range of variation in size of the cuticular elements inG. hermaphroditus is enormous; respectively 75-275 pm, 18-87 pm and 42-160 pm (Karling & Schockaert 1977, K a r lin g 1978). Recently, karyological and morphological research have reported thatG. hermaphroditus is a species complex (H e itk a m p 1978, L ’H a r d y 1986, Puccinelli & Curini-Galletti 1987). Thus the classification of our specimenG. as hermaphroditus is preliminary. Cincturorhynchus karlingi Schockaert 1982 Distribution. Somalia, N of Mogadiscio (Hawadli) on the sandy bottom of a pool and on algae on the rocky shore
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