124, May 1999

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

124, May 1999 PSAMMONALIA Newsletter of the International Association of Meiobenthologists Number 124, May 1999 Composed and Printed at Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University Shirahama cho, Wakayama Prefecture, 649-2211, Japan To dig or to crawl, that is the question This Newsletter is not part of the scientific literature for taxonomic purposes Page 2 Editor: Yoshihisa Shirayama email address : [email protected] Executive Committee Yoshihisa Shirayama, Chairperson Magda Vincx, Past Chairperson, Lab. Morfologie, Universiteit Gent, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium Ann Vanreusel, Treasurer, Lab. Morfologie, Universiteit Gent, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium Robert Feller, Assistant Treasurer and Past Treasurer, Belle Baruch Institute for Marine Science and Coastal Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC 29208, USA Gunter Arlt, Term Expires 2001, Rostock University, Department of Biology, Rostock D18051, GERMANY Teresa Radziejewska, Term Expires 2001, Interoceanmetal Joint Organization, ul. Cyryla I Metodego 9, 71-541 Szczecin, POLAND David Thistle, Term Expires 2004, Department of Oceanography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Fl. 32306-3048, USA Guy Boucher, Term Expires 2004, URA 699 CNRS, Biologie des Invertebres Marins MNHN, Pavillon Chevreul 57, Rue Cuvier 75005, Paris, France Ex-Officio Executive Committee (Past Chairpersons) Robert P. Higgins, Founding Editor, 1966-67 W. Duane Hope 1968-69 John S. Gray 1970-71 Wilfried Westheide 1972-73 Bruce C. Coull 1974-75 Jeanne Renaud-Mornant 1976-77 William D. Hummon 1978-79 Robert P. Higgins 1980-81 Carlo Heip 1982-83 Olav Giere 1984-86 John W. Fleeger 1987-89 Richard M. Warwick 1990-92 Paul A. Montagna 1993-1995 Magna Vincx, 1996-1998 Board of Correspondents Bruce Coull, Belle Baruch Institute for Marine Science and Coastal Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA Dan Danielopol, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Limnology, A-5310 Mondsee, Gaisberg 116, Austria Roberto Danovaro, Facoltà de Scienze, Università di Ancona, ITALY Andrew Gooday, SOC Empress Dock Southampton , UK Duane Hope, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA Tom Moens, University of Gent, Marine Biology Section, K.L. Ledeganckstr. 35, B-9000 Gent, BELGIUM Alex V. Tchesunov, Dept. Invertebrate Zoology, Biology Faculty, Moscow Lomonosov State Univ., Moscow 119899, RUSSIA Zhang Zhinan, Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University Of Qindgao, Qindgao, Shangdong, PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA Susetiono, Division of marine resources, RZD centre for oceanology, Indonesian institute for sciences, Guru Guru, Poka Ambon, 97233, Indonesia You may make your donations to the Bertil Swedmark Fund directly to the IAM bank account (account number 6586667) of the Lloyds Bank (Sort code 30-96-68), 8 Royale Parade Plymouth PL1 1HB, UK. EDITORIAL BOARD Motohiro Shimanaga, Yoshihisa Shirayama Page 3 and I needed more than $10,000 to build the mold for the EDITORIAL HS slides, but other scientists need not pay such an amount. To save unnecessary effort, however, This issue is being distributed to the members do-it-yourself information must be available. Publishing via either snail mail or e-mail. Meanwhile, the previous a book as a supplement to the meiofauna manual is one issue, Psammonalia #123, will be available on our idea. However, I believe distribution of information via website in the pdf file format. The file can be read using the Internet is more effective. In this way we can also Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available freely from encourage meiobenthologists in developing countries, Adobe's website. If you have a colorprinter, the first page where funding for library acquisitions is not of #123 with its colour picture will be readily at hand. satisfactory. The above is just one example of the recent Thanks to the efforts of Keith Walter, our web astonishing development of Internet technology. It is not manager, IAM's website is getting better and better. easy for a meiobenthologist to follow the most up-to-date However, I would like to improve it even more with a lot high-tech wares, such as Java, especially if one is at a of information useful for meiobenthologists. The remote site without colleagues from the field of research tips mentioned above are an example. In information sciences. However, once connected to the addition, seminar, job, and laboratory information would Internet, one can catch up on the most up-to-date be especially useful for field scientists. Networking of information in the biological sciences at a very low cost. data among research laboratories would make the data A confirmation of these advantages is the fact that more useful; such data could comprise faunal lists, basic Internet connection is widely available even in climate information, and other information useful for the developing countries. study of taxonomy, biogeography, and biodiversity. “Introduction to the study of meiofauna” by Bob Those who wish to help us make a better website in this Higgins and Hjalmar Thiel is a bible for way, please send your information to Keith. meiobenthologists; in it they can obtain much basic information on research techniques. However, some Request for Address Information important information was omitted due to page space limitations. To rectify this, while he was president of The editor is preparing the membership IAM a decade ago, Paul Montagna tried to collect directory of IAM. Those who have not report your information on suppliers of goods necessary for the study information completely inclusive of your e-mail address, of meiobenthos. please send it via e-mail to [email protected] At that time, the lack of a supplier of Irwin The information IAM has can be checked in our web site loops was considered as a crisis. In the US a new venture at http://www.mtsu.edu/meio/ . company eventually started supplying these loops; however, because I knew how to make them, I did not ANNOUNCEMENTS need any commercial supplier. On the other hand, when I started my research on meiofauna, I could not get a Meetings depressor for Cob's aluminum frame, which is widely used to make microscope slides with two cover slips for The 29th meeting of the Association of Marine observing meiofauna from both sides of the specimen. To Laboratories of the Caribbean overcome this problem, Bob Higgins and I made a mold (AMLC) to produce a special plastic frame. Other IAM members 18th to 24th July 1999 such as David Thistle and Nicole Gourbault now also use the Instituto Oceanografico, De Venezuela, these frames. Universidad de Oriente, For nematology, the choice of best medium for Cuman, Venezuela. sealing the edge of the coverslip of a microscopic slide has been controversial. Canada Balsam and Glyceel have For additional information contact: been used widely, but production of the latter product Prof. Mary I. Segnini, Instituto Oceanografico de was halted. Recently, Jeff Bate published a paper Venezuela, Universidad de Oriente, Cuman Edo. Sucre, describing the recipe of Glyceel (The slide-sealing Venezuela, 6101A, compound "Glyceel". Journal of Nematology Telephone: (0058-93) 512276, Fax: (0058-93) 512276, 29(4):565-566); he is now distributing a small quantity 516790, E-mail: [email protected], of his own stock. [email protected], [email protected], It takes a lot of effort for meiobenthologists to [email protected] overcome problems that arise due to the lack of a source of laboratory materials. However, the necessary effort Third English Language International Nematology and costs are often within the capacity of an individual Symposium. scientist. Even if there is no supplier for Glyceel or Irwin August 21-27, 1999, loops in your country, you only need at hand a supplier Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of of basic chemicals or of thin nickel wire. Bob Higgins Sciences, Page 4 St. Petersburg. "geometric" morphometrics) occupying two more-or-less The scientific program will include the mutually exclusive sectors of the systematic community, following topics: to the detriment of both. Molecular Biology & Genetics Fortunately there are signs of an incipient Phylogeny & Systematics rapprochement between phylogenetic systematics and Control and Suppressants morphometrics. Many phylogeneticists are currently in Identification and Diagnosis the process of re-evaluating their traditional taboos Ecology and Host-Parasite Relationships regarding the use of continuously-distributed variables as Biogeography & Biodiversity a whole. At the same time some morphometricians have Methods & Techniques begun to raise the question of whether certain types of Computers & Teaching morphometric variables can be used to constrain A symposium-wide, all-day tour of the famed phylogenetic hypotheses while others have begun to Peterhoff Palace-Museum-Reserve will highlight the explore methods whereby phylogenetic information can social activities and a complete social and cultural be included in morphometric studies. This full day program is planned for accompanying persons. symposium will undertake a comprehensive exploration Please examine the Meeting Announcement and of the relationship between continuously-distributed registration materials that can be found at: morphological (and especially morphometric) variables http://ianrwww.unl.edu/ianr/plntpath/nematode/son/so and phylogenetic analysis to provide answers to four nhome.htm fundamental questions. Registration
Recommended publications
  • Meiofauna of the Koster-Area, Results from a Workshop at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences (Tjärnö, Sweden)
    1 Meiofauna Marina, Vol. 17, pp. 1-34, 16 tabs., March 2009 © 2009 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISSN 1611-7557 Meiofauna of the Koster-area, results from a workshop at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences (Tjärnö, Sweden) W. R. Willems 1, 2, *, M. Curini-Galletti3, T. J. Ferrero 4, D. Fontaneto 5, I. Heiner 6, R. Huys 4, V. N. Ivanenko7, R. M. Kristensen6, T. Kånneby 1, M. O. MacNaughton6, P. Martínez Arbizu 8, M. A. Todaro 9, W. Sterrer 10 and U. Jondelius 1 Abstract During a two-week workshop held at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences on Tjärnö, an island on the Swedish west-coast, meiofauna was studied in a large variety of habitats using a wide range of sampling tech- niques. Almost 100 samples coming from littoral beaches, rock pools and different types of sublittoral sand- and mudflats yielded a total of 430 species, a conservative estimate. The main focus was on acoels, proseriate and rhabdocoel flatworms, rotifers, nematodes, gastrotrichs, copepods and some smaller taxa, like nemertodermatids, gnathostomulids, cycliophorans, dorvilleid polychaetes, priapulids, kinorhynchs, tardigrades and some other flatworms. As this is a preliminary report, some species still have to be positively identified and/or described, as 157 species were new for the Swedish fauna and 27 are possibly new to science. Each taxon is discussed separately and accompanied by a detailed species list. Keywords: biodiversity, species list, biogeography, faunistics 1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05, Sweden; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Research Group Biodiversity, Phylogeny and Population Studies, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Campus Diepenbeek, Agoralaan, Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; e-mail: [email protected] 3 Department of Zoology and Evolutionary Genetics, University of Sassari, Via F.
    [Show full text]
  • Platyhelminthes Rhabdocoela
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 120 (2018) 259–273 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Species diversity in the marine microturbellarian Astrotorhynchus bifidus T sensu lato (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean ⁎ Niels W.L. Van Steenkiste , Elizabeth R. Herbert, Brian S. Leander Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 3529-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Increasing evidence suggests that many widespread species of meiofauna are in fact regional complexes of Flatworms (pseudo-)cryptic species. This knowledge has challenged the ‘Everything is Everywhere’ hypothesis and also Meiofauna partly explains the meiofauna paradox of widespread nominal species with limited dispersal abilities. Here, we Species delimitation investigated species diversity within the marine microturbellarian Astrotorhynchus bifidus sensu lato in the turbellaria Northeast Pacific Ocean. We used a multiple-evidence approach combining multi-gene (18S, 28S, COI) phylo- Pseudo-cryptic species genetic analyses, several single-gene and multi-gene species delimitation methods, haplotype networks and COI conventional taxonomy to designate Primary Species Hypotheses (PSHs). This included the development of rhabdocoel-specific COI barcode primers, which also have the potential to aid in species identification and delimitation in other rhabdocoels. Secondary Species Hypotheses (SSHs) corresponding to morphospecies and pseudo-cryptic species were then proposed based on the minimum consensus of different PSHs. Our results showed that (a) there are at least five species in the A. bifidus complex in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, four of which can be diagnosed based on stylet morphology, (b) the A.
    [Show full text]
  • R E S E a R C H / M a N a G E M E N T Aquatic and Terrestrial Flatworm (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria) and Ribbon Worm (Nemertea)
    RESEARCH/MANAGEMENT FINDINGSFINDINGS “Put a piece of raw meat into a small stream or spring and after a few hours you may find it covered with hundreds of black worms... When not attracted into the open by food, they live inconspicuously under stones and on vegetation.” – BUCHSBAUM, et al. 1987 Aquatic and Terrestrial Flatworm (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria) and Ribbon Worm (Nemertea) Records from Wisconsin Dreux J. Watermolen D WATERMOLEN Bureau of Integrated Science Services INTRODUCTION The phylum Platyhelminthes encompasses three distinct Nemerteans resemble turbellarians and possess many groups of flatworms: the entirely parasitic tapeworms flatworm features1. About 900 (mostly marine) species (Cestoidea) and flukes (Trematoda) and the free-living and comprise this phylum, which is represented in North commensal turbellarians (Turbellaria). Aquatic turbellari- American freshwaters by three species of benthic, preda- ans occur commonly in freshwater habitats, often in tory worms measuring 10-40 mm in length (Kolasa 2001). exceedingly large numbers and rather high densities. Their These ribbon worms occur in both lakes and streams. ecology and systematics, however, have been less studied Although flatworms show up commonly in invertebrate than those of many other common aquatic invertebrates samples, few biologists have studied the Wisconsin fauna. (Kolasa 2001). Terrestrial turbellarians inhabit soil and Published records for turbellarians and ribbon worms in leaf litter and can be found resting under stones, logs, and the state remain limited, with most being recorded under refuse. Like their freshwater relatives, terrestrial species generic rubric such as “flatworms,” “planarians,” or “other suffer from a lack of scientific attention. worms.” Surprisingly few Wisconsin specimens can be Most texts divide turbellarians into microturbellarians found in museum collections and a specialist has yet to (those generally < 1 mm in length) and macroturbellari- examine those that are available.
    [Show full text]
  • First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting Michel Laurin
    First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting Michel Laurin To cite this version: Michel Laurin. First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting: Paris, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, July 6-9, 2004 Under the auspices of the Académie des Sciences de Paris. 2004. hal-02187647 HAL Id: hal-02187647 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02187647 Submitted on 18 Jul 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting Paris, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, July 6-9, 2004 Under the auspices of the Académie des Sciences de Paris Abstracts This event is supported financially by: Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris Fondation Hugot du Collège de France, Paris Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Université Paris 6 Compiled and Edited by Michel Laurin Organizing committee: Michel Laurin, Chairman, CNRS, Paris, France Fredrik Pleijel, Contact at the MNHN, Paris, France Armand de Ricqlès, Contact at the Collège de France, Paris, France Philip D. Cantino, Editor of
    [Show full text]
  • Species Diversity of Eukalyptorhynch Flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Rhabdocoela) from the Coastal Margin of British Columbia: Polyc
    MARINE BIOLOGY RESEARCH 2018, VOL. 14, NOS. 9–10, 899–923 https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2019.1575514 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Species diversity of eukalyptorhynch flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Rhabdocoela) from the coastal margin of British Columbia: Polycystididae, Koinocystididae and Gnathorhynchidae Niels W. L. Van Steenkiste and Brian S. Leander Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, Departments of Botany and Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Kalyptorhynchs are abundant members of meiofaunal communities worldwide, but knowledge Received 11 June 2018 on their overall species diversity and distribution is poor. Here we report twenty species of Accepted 23 January 2019 eukalyptorhynchs associated with algae and sediments from the coastal margin of British Published online 26 February Columbia. Two species, Paulodora artoisi sp. nov. and Limipolycystis castelinae sp. nov., are 2019 new to science and described based on their unique stylet morphology. New observations SUBJECT EDITOR on two morphotypes of Phonorhynchus helgolandicus and two morphotypes of Danny Eibye-Jacobsen Scanorhynchus forcipatus suggest that the different morphotypes represent different species; accordingly, Phonorhynchus contortus sp. nov., Phonorhynchus velatus sp. nov. and KEYWORDS Scanorhynchus herranzae sp. nov. are described here as separate species. Furthermore, we Flatworms; Pacific Ocean; report on the occurrence and morphology of Polycystis hamata, Polycystis naegelii, Kalyptorhynchia; species Austrorhynchus pacificus,
    [Show full text]
  • Phylum Platyhelminthes
    Author's personal copy Chapter 10 Phylum Platyhelminthes Carolina Noreña Departamento Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain Cristina Damborenea and Francisco Brusa División Zoología Invertebrados, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina Chapter Outline Introduction 181 Digestive Tract 192 General Systematic 181 Oral (Mouth Opening) 192 Phylogenetic Relationships 184 Intestine 193 Distribution and Diversity 184 Pharynx 193 Geographical Distribution 184 Osmoregulatory and Excretory Systems 194 Species Diversity and Abundance 186 Reproductive System and Development 194 General Biology 186 Reproductive Organs and Gametes 194 Body Wall, Epidermis, and Sensory Structures 186 Reproductive Types 196 External Epithelial, Basal Membrane, and Cell Development 196 Connections 186 General Ecology and Behavior 197 Cilia 187 Habitat Selection 197 Other Epidermal Structures 188 Food Web Role in the Ecosystem 197 Musculature 188 Ectosymbiosis 198 Parenchyma 188 Physiological Constraints 199 Organization and Structure of the Parenchyma 188 Collecting, Culturing, and Specimen Preparation 199 Cell Types and Musculature of the Parenchyma 189 Collecting 199 Functions of the Parenchyma 190 Culturing 200 Regeneration 190 Specimen Preparation 200 Neural System 191 Acknowledgment 200 Central Nervous System 191 References 200 Sensory Elements 192 INTRODUCTION by a peripheral syncytium with cytoplasmic elongations. Monogenea are normally ectoparasitic on aquatic verte- General Systematic brates, such as fishes,
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Polycystididae (Rhabditophora: Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia)
    Zootaxa 1849: 1–27 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Polycystididae (Rhabditophora: Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia) from the Indian Ocean, with the description of twelve new species TOM J. ARTOIS1 & BART S. TESSENS Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Biodiversity, Phylogeny and Population Studies, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium 1Correspondence. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract An overview of the Polycystididae from the Indian Ocean is presented, including the description of twelve new species. The taxonomical position of each of these species is discussed. Austrorhynchus kerguelensis n. sp., Paraustrorhynchus neleae n. sp., Paulodora ancora n. sp., P. contortoides n. sp., P. drepanophora n. sp., P. h am i fe r n. sp., P. porcellus n. sp., P. schockaerti n. sp., P. watsoni n. sp., Phonorhynchoides linguatus n. sp. and Polycystis elsae n. sp. can all be dis- tinguished from their congeners on characteristics of the construction of the hard parts of the male system. The older records of Paulodora contorta (Schockaert & Karling, 1975) Artois & Schockaert, 1998 by Schockaert (1982) and Jouk & De Vocht (1989) are re-evaluated and the material is recognised as Paulodora drepanophora n. sp.. The subspecies P. felis asymmetrica Artois & Schockaert, 2001 is raised to the species level. Annalisella bermudensis Karling, 1978, Paraustrorhynchus elixus (Marcus, 1954) Karling & Schockaert, 1977 and Phonorhynchoides haegheni Artois & Schoc- kaert, 2001 are recorded for the first time in the Indian Ocean. The new material of these species is discussed and com- pared with older descriptions.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparison of Intertidal Metazoan Biodiversity Between Previously
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School March 2021 A Comparison of Intertidal Metazoan Biodiversity Between Previously Oiled Sheared and Intact Marsh Margins and Between Multiple Salinity Zones in the Coastal Marshes of Louisiana Patrick M. Rayle Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Bioinformatics Commons, Biology Commons, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Commons, and the Molecular Biology Commons Recommended Citation Rayle, Patrick M., "A Comparison of Intertidal Metazoan Biodiversity Between Previously Oiled Sheared and Intact Marsh Margins and Between Multiple Salinity Zones in the Coastal Marshes of Louisiana" (2021). LSU Master's Theses. 5287. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/5287 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A COMPARISON OF INTERTIDAL METAZOAN BIODIVERSITY BETWEEN PREVIOUSLY OILED SHEARED AND INTACT MARSH MARGINS AND BETWEEN MULTIPLE SALINITY ZONES IN THE COASTAL MARSHES OF LOUISIANA A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in The Department of Entomology by Patrick Michael Rayle B.S., Louisiana State University, 2015 May 2021 Acknowledgements This research was made possible through grants from the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. I would like to extend my thanks to Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela), Including Descriptions of five Meiofaunal Species from the North-Eastern Pacific Ocean Rebecca J
    Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2014, 94(3), 499–514. # Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2014 doi:10.1017/S0025315413001471 Molecular examination of kalyptorhynch diversity (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela), including descriptions of five meiofaunal species from the north-eastern Pacific Ocean rebecca j. rundell1,2 and brian s. leander1 1Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Diversity, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Canada, 2Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA The spaces between sand grains are home to a myriad of microscopic marine eukaryotes, including kalyptorhynch rhab- docoels equipped with an eversible proboscis that enables them to capture microscopic prey living in these environments. The structure of the kalyptorhynch proboscis separates the two major subclades within the group: the Schizorhynchia (bifurcated proboscis) and the Eukalyptorhynchia (unbranched proboscis). A survey of meiofaunal metazoans in the Pacific north-west led to the discovery of three new schizorhynch species (Undicola tofinoensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Schizorhinos vancouverensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Linguabana tulai gen. nov., sp. nov.) and two new eukalyptorhynch species (Thinodactylaina tlaoquiahtensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Rostracilla nuuchahnulthensis gen. nov., sp. nov.). This survey also recovered the putative cosmopolitan eukalyptorhynch (Polycystididae) Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses on 18S rDNA sequences from all five novel isolates and from all available kalyptorhynch species in GenBank. The molecular data supported the monophyly of the Eukalyptorhynchia and Schizorhynchia and helped demonstrate the boundaries between different species within the Kalyptorhynchia.
    [Show full text]
  • Microturbellarians (Platyhelminthes and Acoelomorpha) in Brazil: Invisible Organisms? J
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.21514 Original Article Microturbellarians (Platyhelminthes and Acoelomorpha) in Brazil: invisible organisms? J. A. L. Braccinia,b, S. V. Amarala,b and A. M. Leal-Zancheta,b* aInstituto de Pesquisas de Planárias, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, Avenida Unisinos, 950, CEP 93022-000, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil bPrograma de Pós-graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, Avenida Unisinos, 950, CEP 93022-000, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: October 10, 2014 – Accepted: March 4, 2015 – Distributed: May 31, 2016 (With 1 figure) Abstract Microturbellarians typically belong to the benthos and may occur in a wide variety of environments. They are abundant in freshwater and marine ecosystems and may occur in moist terrestrial habitats. However, turbellarians are seldom taken into account in studies of biodiversity. Most studies on Brazilian microturbellarians had taxonomical purposes and were done in the years 1940-1950. Thus, information on their occurrence and ecological aspects are dispersed throughout several papers. We intend here to summarize the biogeographical distribution and ecological aspects of microturbellarians recorded for Brazil, indicating the main gaps in their knowledge and possible actions to enhance studies on this group. There are 239 species of microturbellarians registered for Brazil, with records distributed in 12 states. However, just three states located in southern Brazil have records of 94% of microturbellarian species. Thus, knowledge on the systematics and geographical distribution of Brazilian microturbellarians clearly reflect the scientific activity over many years or decades in two states of southeastern and southern Brazil.
    [Show full text]
  • Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes Rhabdocoela) from the Kenyan Coast, with Descriptions of Four New Species
    Tropical Zoologs 2 : 145- 157, 1989 Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes Rhabdocoela) from the Kenyan Coast, with descriptions of four new species P.E.H. J o u k an d A.J.-P. D e V o c h t Research Group Zoology, Department SBM, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, B-3610 Diepenbeek, Belgium Received 6 March 1989, accepted 1 ]une 1989 Sandy sediments and algae from the litoral and sublitoral zone of the coast near Mombasa were sampled. Eighteen species of Kalyptorhynchia were collected, of which four new species of Schizorhynchia are described here, two Cheliplana species, one Baltoplana sp. and one Carcharodorhynchus sp. Cheliplana asica terminalis Brunet 1968 described from the Mediterranean and also recorded from Somalia was found as well. Five out of 13 species of Eukalyptorhynchia were already recorded from Somalia. Polycystis ali Schockaert 1982, P. subcontorta Schockaert 1982 and Cincturorhynchus karlingi Schockaert 1982 were newly described from the Somalian coast. P. contorta Schockaert & Karling 1975 also known from Norway and the Mediterranean and Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg 1831 is an ubiquist. Six new species of Eukalypto­ rhynchia collected from algae will be described in a later publication. Additional information is given on Alcha evelinae Marcus 1949 and Toia ycia Marcus 1952. k e y w o r d s : Plathelminthes, Rhabdocoela, Kalyptorhynchia, Kenya, new species, species list. Introduction ............................................................................................................................146 Material and
    [Show full text]