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Home , Ersilia, Gibbula, Trochidae, Trochoidea (superfamily)

Bollettino della Societd Paleontologica ltaliana, 44 (l), 2005, 47-53. Mode,

Anew speciesof (:) fi of Killini (north-westernPeloponnesus, Greece)

Vittorio GnruLLI,Magda Cnlsct & RosaMpssne

V. Garilli, Dipartimento di Geologia e Geodesia,Universitir degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tr [email protected] M. Crisci, Via TommasoAversa 70, 90145, Palermo,Italy. R. Messina, Via Messina Marina 435c, 90100, Palermo,Italy.

KEY WORDS - Gastropoda, Trochidae, Gibbula olympica n. sp., Mediterranean Plet

ABSTRACT - A nev,species of the gastropod Gibbula, G. olympica n. sp., is described western Peloponnesus, Greece). Material comes from two sandy-muddy beds (N2 and H6, mollusc assemblages (mainlv trochids, rissoids and ceriths) related to the modern Posidonia (HP).Gibbula olympica n. sp. appears particularly similar to G. spratti (Forbes, 1844) at Aegean Sea and the Island of Malta respectively. G. olympica n. sp. is also compared witl the Mediterranean erea.

RIASSUI,{TO - [Una nuova specie di Gibbula (Gastropoda: Trochidae) dal Pleistocer Grecia)] - Gibbula olympica n. sp. d descritta sulla base di circa 160 esemplari, in bt l'originaria colorazione. Il materiale proviene da due orizzonti stratigrafici prevalentem lungo il tratto di costa distante circa 500 m dal piccolo villaggio di Killini (Elea, Pelopont giacciono circa 70 e 20 m sopra un livello pelitico contenente i nannofossili Gephyroca^'sa Igg2) e, pertanto, essi potrebbero essere attribuiti alla parte superiore del sottopiano Si medio-superiore. G. olympica n. sp. mostra notevoli ffinitd con G. spratti (Forbes, , endemiche del Mar Egeo e dell'lsola di Malta. G. olympica n. sp. vien rispettivamente '15 mediterranee ,o, quali presenta una certa ffinitd: le viventi G. racketti (Payraudeau, pliocenica G. distefanoi Crema, 1903. Sulla base del contenuto paleontologico associato alr spp. (tra cui la specie termofita J. ? bullula (Fischer 1877), Alvania spp., Bittium spp. e J specie vivesse in una biocenosi riferibite a quella attuale della Posidonia oceanica (Linnaea calde.

INTRODUCTION MATERIAL EXAMINED

In the MediterraneanSea the trochid gastropod One hundred sixty specimens,covering complete Gibbula Risso, 1826 ex Leach ms. is a common ontogenetic series, of Gibbula olympica n. sp. (type component of littoral environmentsespecially in algal material included) come from two sandy-muddylayers, or phanerogambeds. It is also well representedin the outcropping near the village of Killini. They were uppermostTertiary and Quaternaryof the Mediterranean obtainedby hand-pickingor washing six bulk samples, area. The richest assemblagesare recorded for the each one of about l5 lt., on a sievesbattery (diameter Recent time: at least 30 Mediterraneanliving well- 0.5, l, 2 mm). As a whole, specimensare very well establishedtaxa are recorded(Sabelli et al., 1990);little preservedusually showing the original coloration. more than 20 species are recorded for the The following comparative material was studied: malacologicallyrich Plioceneof Tuscany(Chirli,2004). Gibbula distefanoi Crema, 1903, one specimen,ex In this article, which presentsthe secondresult of a coll. Palazzi,Pliocene of Pietrafitta(Siena, North Italy). wider researchdealing with the study of the mollusc G. nivosaAdams A., 185l, five specimens,ex coll. assemblagescoming from the Plio-Pleistoceneof the Lugli, Recent,Isle of Malta. central Mediteffaneanarea (Garilli,2004), we describe G. racketti (Payraude&u, 1826), forty-three a new speciesof Gibbula, G. olympica n. SP.,based specimens,ex coll. Garilli, Recent,Capo Gallo, Palermo, on specimenscollected from the northern part of the NW Sicily; one specimen,same coll., Recent,Marina sedimentary sequencecropping out along the cliffed di Cinisi, Palerrno. coast between Killini (also transliteratedfrom the G. spratti (Forbes, 1844),eleven specimens,ex coll. modern Greek as Kyllene) and Cape Troupito (Elea, Tenekidis, Recent, Aegean Sea, Goulandris National NW Peloponnesus,Greece, Fig. I ). History Museum (GNHM), Kifissia, Athens, Greece;

/SSN 0375-7633 48 Bollettino della SocietaPaleontologica ltaliana,44 (l), 2005

Fig. I - Site,type materialand H6 and N2 layers locations;KI : Killini; TR : CapeTroupito.

two specimeJls(GNHM-A 11.62),ex coll. Tenekidis, trochids (mainly spp.), rissoids (mainly Isle of Dilos, Aegean Sea (specimenfigured by Alvania spp.) and ceriths (mainly Bittium spp.). With "Gibbula Tenekidis, 1989, fig. 6 as spratti var. regardto the genusGibbula,, the following specieswere alveolata") and Anavyssos, Saronikos gulf, Aegean collectedfrom N2 and H6 layers:G. ardens(Von Salis, Greece (specimenfigured by Tenekidis, 1989, fig. 6 1793),G. magus(Linnaeus, 17 58), G. fanulum (Gmelin, "Gibbula as spratti typus"; two specimens,eX coll. 179l), and G. guttadauri (Philippi, 1836).Posidonia Delamotte,GNHN, Marpissa,Isle of Paros,Cyclades, remains (both leaves and rhizomes) also abundantly Aegean Greece. occur, mainly at the base of N2 bed. From a G. turbinoides(Deshayes, 1835), ten specimens, paleoclimaticpoint of view, it is noteworthy to remark ex coll. Garilli, Recent,Capo Gallo, Palermo. that both levels contain the trochid Juiubinus ? bullula (Fischer, 1877) (see Ruggieri & Unti, 1988 for the interesting information about its stratigraphical STRATIGRAPHIC AND PALEOECOLOGICAL distribution)which can be considereda thermophilic SETTING speciesrelated to warrn-temperateconditions (Garilli, 1998). LayersN2 and H6 respectivelycrop out at about The sequenceKillini-Troupito is a partof an anticline 70 and 20 m abovea turritellid-richblue-greyish muddy structureoriginated by a diapiric intrusion of level containing the nannofossils Gephyrocapsasp. 3 halite and gypsum (Christodoulou,1969,l97 l; and Crenalithusasanoi (Sato & Takayama, 1992) (Fig. Hageman, 1976; Underhill, 1988). It was referredby 2), whose Mediteffaneandistributions are respectively Hageman (1976) to the upper part of the Vounargon recordedbetween 0.990 Ma B.P. (uppermostpart of formation. In particular, material comes from two Early Pleistocene)and 0.584 Ma B.P. (Middle yellow-grey sandy-muddybeds, here named N2 and Pleistocene)(Castradori , 1993; Sprovieri, 1993; Di H6 (Fig. 2), laterally changingin a yellow sand with Stefano,1998) and between1.122 Ma B.P.(lower part Lucinomaboreale (Linnaeus , 1767) in life position(H6) of the Early PleistoceneSicilian Substage,sensu Ruggieri or in a yellow, almost sterile calcarenite(N2). Both et al., 1984)and 0.781 Ma B.P.(lower part of Middle layers, inclined along the cliff plane of about 8-9o Pleistocene)(De Kaenel et al., 1999).Consequently an -Late northward, are characterrzedby having a rich shallow upper Sicilian Substageor, more likely, an Middle marine mollusc assemblagerelated to the modern Pleistoceneage could be likely assignedto N2 and H6 Posidoniaoceanica (Linnaeus) Delile, l8l3 biocoenosis layers. (HP, sensu Pdrds& Picard, 1964), being dominated by V.Garilli, M. Crisci, R. Messina- Gibbula olympican. sp. from the MediterraneanPleistt

SYSTEMATICS t-rr., il Sandstone Phylum Linnaeus,1758 - Mudstone ClassisGnsrnoPoDA Cuvier, 1797 FamiliaTnocutDAE Rafinesque, l8l5 Genus Gibbula Risso. 1826 ex Leach ms.

Type speciesTrochus magus Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequentdesignation, Herrmannsen, 1847 .

Gibbula olympica n. sp. Gibbula olympica n sp. (Figs. 3a-c; Pl. I , figs. I a-b, 4a-b,5a-b) Paratypes Tvp, material - Holotype (GNHM-52/18), paratypes I (GNHM-5 3l19) and 2 (GNHM-54 120)are housedin uJ the GoulandrisNatural History Museum (GNHM), Kifissia, Athens, Greece.Paratypes 3 (KIGR003) and 4 (KIGR004) arehoused in the Dipartimentodi Geologia z z e Geodesiaof the Universityof Palermo,Italy. Fifteen o unnumberedparatypes are in Palazzi coll. (Modena). - Holotype, height (H) 8.2 ffiffi, IU up to 3o-40m Measurements F ) diameterof last (D) 7.95 mm; paratypel, H 7.5 ffiffi, D 7.4 mm; paratype 2, H 7.3 ffiffi, D 6.85 mm; paratype3, H 7.1 mm, D 6 mm; paratype4, H 8.5 O ffiffi, D 7.8 mm.

t Locus typicus Pleistoceneof Killini (Elea, NW Peloponnesus, Greece), Vounargon formation o o Gibbulaolympica n. sp. II ' (accordingto Hageman, 1976).Holotype is from the Holotype yellow-greyish sandy-muddybed (H6) outcropping at F about0.5 Km Eastfrom the villageof Killini (Elea,NW z Peloponnesus,Greece, UTM 34S 5 I I 7938 4199216N, o Fig. I ). All paratypesare from layer N2, similar for lithologyand paleontological contents to the underlying (, a H6 (Fie. 2). t Derivatio nominis G. olvmpica n. sp. is named after the ancient town of Olympia (Peloponnesus, z Greece)where the first Olympic Games took place. uJ f Diagnosis Sturdy, small, conical shell reaching o about 9 mm in height. Protoconchpaucispiral, J consistingof about one whorl. Protoconch/teleoconch demarcationis markedand slightly sinuated.Teleoconch consistsof more or less convex whorls, bearing tr irregular and fine spiral cords separatedby very naffow interspaceswhich are sculpturedby microscopical dots. Body whorl well developed. is subquadrangular.Outer rounded.Inner lip straight. Basemoderately convex crossed by very fine concentric threadsand with a deep, wide umbilicus. Patternof colorationusually consisting of rectangular-rhomboidal Gephyrocapsasp. 3 white spiralling mottles in a reddish background. Crenalifhusasanoi Description - Sturdy,conical shell reaching8.9 mm in height (8.2 mm in holotype). Height/maximum diameterratio (H/D) rangesfrom 0.95 to I . l5 ( 1.03in fir holotype).Protoconch paucispiral, consisting of about l.l smooth whorls (countedaccording to Verduin, - Fig. 2 Partialcolumnar section of the upperpart of Vounargon 1977).Diameter rangesbetween 230 pm and 265 pm. formation(Killini, NW Peloponnesus,Greece) illustrating Protoconch/teleoconchdemarcation is well markedand the stratigraphicalposition of type materialand H6 and N2 layers. slightly sinuated.Among specimenswith heightover 6 50 Bollettino della SocietdPaleontologica ltaliana, 44 (l), 2005

ffiffi, teleoconchconsists of 4 to 4.6 whorls. These are sculpturedby fine, flat, sometimesirregular, spiral cords usually numbering 14 to l8 in the penultimatewhorl. Cords are separatedby very nalrow interspaceswhich are sculptured by microscopical dots. Numerous, prosocline incremental scars, running from to suture,are present.Sutures are incised and very slightly inclined. Body whorl ratherdeveloped, making up about 0.7 to 0.8 of total height (0.73 in holotype).Aperture is subquadrangularand large, making up about 0.35 to 0.46 of total height (0.42 in holotype) and 0.5 to 0.63 of body whorl height (0.6 in holotype). Outer lip internally smooth, rounded and thickened close to the edge.Inner lip straightand moderatelyarcuated, usually more thickenedin the centralportion. Baseis moderately convex, sculptured by concentric fine cords separated by narrow interspaces,and with a deep and large umbilicus, borderedby a moderatelymarked keel. Most of the examinedmaterial shows a characteristicpattern of coloration, presenton the entire surfaceof the shell. It consists of rather, usually large, regular, sub rectangularor rhomboidal white spiralling mottles in a reddish background (maybe originally bright red). According to their size, mottles may form 3 to 6 spiral bands in the body whorl.

Remarks The characteristiccoloration pattern of Gibbula olympica n. sp. strongly resemblesthat shown by the speciesG. spratti (Forbes, 1844) and G. nivosa A. Adaffis, I 85I which are the most similar species.G. spratti (Pl. l, figs. 3a-b and 6a-b), known only from the Aegean Sea (Beck, 1997; Giannuzzi-Savelliet al., 1997), usually has white rectangular to rhomboidal mottles in a very dark, ?lmost black, or reddish

Fig. 3 - Scanningelectronic microscope pictures illustrating a subadultspecimen of Gibbula olympica n. sp. from N2 layer, Pleistoceneof Killini (Elea, NW Peloponnesus,Greece). a) Teleoconch . b) Protoconch. c) Teleoconch microsculpture. The white arrow indicates the protoc onc h/te Ieoc onc h demarcation. Scalebars: 500 pm in Fig. a, 100pm in Figs. b and c.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE I

Figs. 1,4-5- Gibbulaolympica n. sp., Pleistoceneof Killini (Elea,NW Peloponnesus,( I - Holotype (GNHM -52118). 4 -ParatypeI (GNHM-53/19).Apertural (a) and basal(b) views. 5 - Paratype2 (GNHM-54120).Apertural (a) and basal (b) views.

Fig.2 - Gibbula nivosa,Isle of Malta. Apertural (a) and basal(b) views.

Figs.3,6 - Gibbulaspratti, Aegean Sea 3 - Apertural (a) and basal(b) views. 6 - Apertural (a) and basal(b) views

Scalebars correspondto 2 mm. I'. Garilli, .)1.Crisci, R Me.ssirttr- Gibbula olympica n..s1t.fi'om the Mediterraneon Pleistocene 52 Bollettino della SocietaPaleontologica ltaliana, 44 ( I ), 2005

background. It mainly differs from G. olympica n. sp. Palermo)for detectingthe occurrenceof the stratigraphical in having strongerspiral cords on early teleoconch markers Gephyrocapsasp. 3 and Crenalithusasanoi and to the whorls (seeBeck, 1997,pl. 100,figs.3,4), a naffower referees,Marco Curini-Galletti(Dipartimento di Zoologiae AntropologiaBiologica, University of Sassari)and Pierre Lozouet (in umbilicusand a largershell, about l2 mm in height (MuseumNational d'Histoire Naturelle,Paris) for their useful examinedmaterial from Tenekidiscoll.) vs. 8-9 mm. commentson the manuscript.This study was partially carried G. nivosa (Pl. l, figs. 2a-b) representsan extreme case out thanksto funds M.U.R.S.T 60% to Antonino Greco, of endemismbeing presentonly in the Islandof Malta (Dipartimentodi Geologiae Geodesia,University of Palermo). (Ghisotti, 1976; Palazzi, 1978; Beck, 1997). It differs from G. olympica n. sp. in having an obsolete spiral sculptureand more convex whorls, with particular REFERENCES regard to the body whorl which is also broader.White Beck L.A. (1997).Europiiische Kreiselschnecken (). subrectangularmottles, smaller than in G. olympica n. 130pp. VerlagChrista Hemmen ed., Wiesbaden. sp.,cover homogeneouslythe adapicaland the abapical CastradoriD. (1993).Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy areaof each whorl and the base,while very small and biochronologyin easternMediterranean deep-sea cores. whitish spots,often fused, are usually showed in the Rivista ltalianq di Paleontologiae Stratigrafia, 99: 107-126. central portion of the whorls. Chirli C. (2004).Malacofauna pliocenica toscana, Vol. 4, Some less marked resemblancesin coloration andl Archeogastropoda.I l3 pp. Chirli ed. ChristodoulouG. ( 1969). Geological map of Greece, or shellshape may be alsotraced in the living G. racketti VartholomionSheet. Institute for Geology and Subsurface (Payraudeau,1826) and G. turbinoides (Deshayes, Research.Athens, 1969. 1835) and in the PlioceneG. diste.fanoiCrema, 1903. ChristodoulouG. ( 197l). The Neogenesediments near Kyllene, Differences between G. olympica n. sp. and these NW Peloponnesus.Edikai Meletai epi tes Geologias tes speciesas follows: Ellados,ll: l-60. G. distefanoi(see Chirli, 2004, pl. 30, figs. 10-12 De Kaenel8., SiesserW.G. & Murat A. (1999).Pleistocene andpl. 31, figs. l-5) showsa similarcoloration, having calcareousnannofossil biostratigraphy and the Western Mediterraneansapropels, sites 974 to 977 and979. In Zahn series of spiralling white mottles in a reddish R., ComasM.C. & KlausA. (eds),Proceedings of theOcean background,but it has a more depressedshell DrillingProgram, Scientific Results, l6l: 159-183. characterizedby a lower H/D ratio (0.76 in the examined Di StefanoE. ( 1998).Calcareous nannofossils quantitative specimen),a very developedbody whorl and a biostratigraphyof holes 969E and 963F (Eastern proportionallylarger and deeperumbilicus. Also the Mediterranean).In RobertsonA.H.F.' ReichterK.C. & sculptureis quite different consistingof very fine spiral CamerlenghiA. (eds),Proceedings of the OceanDrilling Program,Scientific Results, 160: 155-165. cords covering the base,while the remaining surface Garilli V. (1998).Paleocomunitd a molluschibentonici nel of the shell is almost smooth bearing few, very flat, Pleistoceneinferiore di Dattilo (Trapani).Brevi irregular and almost imperceptiblespiral threads considerazroniecologiche e cronologiche.In Lo Cicero G. separatedby extremely narrow interspaces. (ed.),La Siciliaun laboratorionaturale nel Mediterraneo.Atti G. racketl) (see Giannuzzi-Savelliet al., 1997,figs. del 79" Congressonazionale della SocietdGeologica ltaliana. 197-202), always rather smaller than G. olympica n. Vol. B: 471-474.Offset. Palermo Garilli V. (2004). A new speciesof Ersilia (, sp., differs in having a markedly step-wiseshell shape )from the Plio-Pleistoceneof the Central with an almost keeled base and a smaller umbilicus. Mediterraneanarea. Bollettino Malacologico,39 (5-8): 9l- Also its sculptureis different consistingof very flat 94. subsuturalcords becoming naffower and more marked Ghisotti F. ( 1976).Considerazioni su Gibbula nivosaA. Adams, in the abapicalpart of the teleoconchwhorls. l85l . Conchiglie,12 (3-4):79-88. G. turbinoides (see Giannuzzi-Savelliet al., 1997 Giannuzzi-SavelliR.., Pusateri F., Palmeri A. & EbreoC. ( 1997). figs. 203-206) usually does not show a pattern of Atlante delle conchigliemarine del Mediterraneo.Vol. l, Archeogastropoda.125 pp. La Conchigliaed., Roma. regular mottles except for the base. Furthermore,its HagemannJ. (1976). Stratigraphyand sedimentaryhistory of sculpture is formed by very few strong cords and fine the Upper Cenozoic of the Pyrgos Area (Western secondary threads. Peloponnesus),Greece. Annales Geologiquesdes Pays Helleniques,XXVIII, DeuxiemeSerie: 299-333. PalazzrS. (1978).Osservazioni sull'habitat di Gibbulanivosa A. Adams I 85I . l4 (9-l0): 177- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Conchiglie, I 80. PeresJ.M. & PicardJ. (1964).Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthiquede la mer Mediterrande.Recueil des Travauxde la Ourspecial thanks to StefanoPalazzi (Modena) for theuseful StationMarine d'Endoume,Facttlte desSciences de Marseille, commentsand discussions;he alsohelped us in collectingmost 3l: l-137. of material from H6 and N2 layers.Part of the comparative RuggieriG., Rio D. & SprovieriR. (1984).Remarks on the materialwas generouslyprovided by MaurrzioForli (Prato)and chronostratigraphicclassification of Lower Pleistocene. Angelo Lugli (Carpi, Modena).We are also gratefulto Luca Bollettino della SocietdGeologica ltaliana, 103: 251-259. Galletti(Monreale, Palermo) for his help rn reahzingthe Figs. I RuggieriG. & Unti M. (1988).Una malacofaunadel Tirreniano and 2, to EugenioDi Liberto,Giacomo Gullo and Francesco (PleistoceneSuperiore) di Birgi Nuovo (Trapani).Il Pollina(Palermo) for their help in collectingbulk samplesfrom It{aturalistaSiciliano, XII ( l-2)., seriequarta: 19-32. the H6 and N2 levels,and to Evi Vardala(Goulandris Natural SabelliB., Giannuzzt-SavelliR. & BedulliD. (1990).Catalogo History Museum,Kifissia, Athens) for supportinga stageof annotatodei molluschimarini del Meditenaneo.Vol. l. 347 one of us (V.G.)in the Departmentof Hydrobiology(GNHN) pp. LibreriaNaturalistica Bolognese, Bologna. andfor loaningof specimenshere figured in Pl. l, figs.3a-band SprovieriR. (1993).Pliocene- Early Pleistoceneastronomically 6a-b. forced planktonic Foraminiferaabundance fluctuations and Thanks are also due to Enrico Di Stefanoand Alessandro chronologyof the Mediterraneancalcareous plankton bio- Incarbona(Dipartimento di Geologiae Geodesia,University of r

V Garilli, M. Crisci, R. Messina - Gibbula olympican. sp..from the Mediterranean Pleistt 53

events. Rivistaltaliana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 99: VerduinA. ( 1977). 37l -414. manygroups ol TenekidisN. ( 1989).A collectionof shellsfrom the GreekSeas. species.Baster 187 pp. Protopapapress, Athens [in Greek]. Underhill J.R. ( 1988).Triassic evaporites and Plio-Quaternary diapirism in westernGreece. Journal of Geological SocieQ, Manuscript receive 145: 269-282. Revisedmanuscrip