INFORMATION PACKET SERIES

REPUBLIC OF THE :

HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF

THE INTERNAL MILITARY CONFLICT

[IP/PHL/93.001]

DECEMBER 1992

All the sources of information contained in this document are identified and are publicly available.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

BACKGROUND

GENERAL INFORMATION ON HUMAN RIGHTS

THE GOVERNMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Paramilitary/Militia Groups

INSURGENT GROUPS AND HUMAN RIGHTS Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP)/New People's Army (NPA)/National Democratic Front (NDF) Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and other Moro Insurgent Groups 146 Private Armies

THE LABOR MOVEMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS KIDNAPPINGS APPENDICES Appendix I: Political Map Appendix II: Demographical Map Appendix III: Map of Contested Areas

INDEX DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS

Background

United States Central Intelligence Agency, The World Factbook 1991 (Washington, D.C.: United States Central Intelligence Agency, 1991), pp. 250-251.

Donald M. Seekins, "Historical Setting," chap. in Frederica M. Bunge, ed., Philippines: A Country Study, Area Handbook Series (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, August 1983), pp. 3-56.

Amnesty International, "The Context," chap. in Amnesty International, Philippines: The Killing Goes On (New York: Amnesty International USA, February 1992), pp. 14-24.

G. Sidney Silliman, "Human Rights Under the Marcos and Aquino Regimes," Seminar: "44th Annual Meeting," Association for Asian Studies (AAS), Washington, D.C.: 2-5 April 1992, pp. 5-8.

General Information on Human Rights

Amnesty International, Amnesty International Report 1992: A Comprehensive Report of Human Rights Violations Around the World (New York: Amnesty International USA, August 1992), pp. 216-219.

Freedom House, Freedom in the World 1991-1992: Political Rights and Civil Liberties (New York: Freedom House, August 1992), pp. 371-374.

Human Rights Watch, Human Rights Watch World Report 1992 (New York: Human Rights Watch, 1992), pp. 442-451.

Human Rights Watch, Human Rights Watch World Report 1993 (New York: Human Rights Watch, 1993), pp. 183-185.

United States Department of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1991 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office), pp. 961-976.

Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, Critique of the United States Department of State's "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1991" (New York: Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, August 1992), pp. 277-285.

The Government and Human Rights

General

"Philippines: Wave of the Past?," Asiaweek, Volume 18, Number 41, 9 October 1992, p. 46.

G. Sidney Silliman, "Human Rights Under the Marcos and Aquino Regimes," Seminar: "44th Annual Meeting," Association for Asian Studies (AAS), Washington, D.C., 2-5 April 1992, pp. 10-14.

The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and Human Rights

Asia Watch, Bad Blood: Militia Abuses in Mindinao, the Philippines (New York: Human Rights Watch, 13 April 1992), pp. 8-9.

Amnesty International, "The Victims," chap. in Amnesty International, Philippines: The Killing Goes On (New York: Amnesty International USA, February 1992), pp. 25-65.

Paramilitary/Militia Groups and Human Rights

Asia Watch, Bad Blood: Militia Abuses in Mindinao, the Philippines (New York: Human Rights Watch, 13 April 1992), pp. 3-8, 11-40.

"Ramos Rejects Plan to Disband Police, Militia," , DWIZ Voice of the Filipino People's Radio, 26 October 1992 (as reported in Foreign Broadcast Information Service [hereafter FBIS], Daily Report: East Asia, 27 October 1992, p. 50).

"The Government's Lethal Weapon," Asiaweek, Volume 18, Number 47, 20 November 1992, p. 44.

Insurgent Groups and Human Rights

Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP)/New People's Army (NPA)/ National Democratic Front (NDF)

Amnesty International, "Killings by Armed Opposition Groups," chap. in Amnesty International, Philippines: The Killing Goes On (New York: Amnesty International USA, February 1992), pp. 66-71.

Asia Watch, Bad Blood: Militia Abuses in Mindinao, the Philippines (New York: Human Rights Watch, 13 April 1992), pp. 9-10.

"Latest Tally Says 52 Dead," Manila, DWIZ Voice of the Filipino People's Radio, 12 May 1992 (as reported in FBIS, Daily Report: East Asia, 13 May 1992, p. 32).

"18 Slain in Philippines Post-Election Violence," Agence-France Presse (AFP), 14 May 1992 (as reported on the NEXIS database).

"AFP Admits Report of Rebel Soldiers-NPA Link," Manila, Manila Broadcasting Company DZRH, 8 June 1992 (as reported in FBIS, Daily Report: East Asia, 9 June 1992, p. 39).

Rodney Jaleco, "Military-Japanese Red Army Helps NPA Rebels," Manila, Manila Broadcasting Company DZRH, 8 May 1992 (as reported in FBIS, Daily Report: East Asia, 9 June 1992, p. 39).

"Six Die in Blast, Ambushes in Southern Philippines," Agence-France Presse (AFP), 17 June 1992 (as reported in NEXIS database).

Associated Press, "Ex-Captive Describes Ordeal," Washington Post, 3 July 1992, p. A18.

"Philippine Guerrillas Overrun Town Hall, Kill Militiaman," Agence-France Presse (AFP), 19 September 1992 (as reported in NEXIS database).

"Philippines Communist Party Will Continue Armed Struggle," British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), Summary of World Broadcasts, 5 October 1992 (as reported in NEXIS database).

"Communists Shifting to 'Parliamentary Struggle,'" Manila, Business World, 13 October 1992, p. 12 (as reported in FBIS, Daily Report: East Asia, 13 October 1992, pp. 66-67.

The Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and other Moro Insurgent Groups

"9 Die in Attack on Philippines Easter Ritual," Los Angeles Times, 20 April 1992, p. A1 (as reported in NEXIS database).

E.T. Suarez, "Military, Muslim Rebels Agree to Peace Talks," Manila, Manila Bulletin, 12 October 1992, p. 1 (as reported in FBIS, Daily Report: East Asia, 21 October 1992, pp. 48-49.

Private Armies

"131 Private Armies Neutralized in Philippines," Xinhua General News Service, 7 May 1992 (as reported in NEXIS database).

"Police Chief.' 'Only 12' Private Armies Remain," , ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation DZMM, 6 May 1992 (as reported in FBIS, Daily Report: East Asia, 7 May 1992, p. 29).

The Labor Movement and Human Rights

Amnesty International, Philippines: Human Rights Violations and the Labor Movement (New York: Amnesty International USA, June 1991), pp. 1-15.

Kidnappings

Rigoberto Tiglao, "Issues Held to Ransom: Crime, Power Struggles Lead Political Agenda," Far Eastern Economic Review, Volume 155, Number 35, 3 September 1992, p. 18.

"Philippines: Kidnap Outrage," Asiaweek, Volume 18, Number 40, 2 October 1992, p. 39.

"Manila Under Siege: A Wave of Kidnappings Undermines the Ramos Government," Asiaweek, Volume 18, Number 47, 20 November 1992, pp. 37-39, 45.

Appendices

Appendix I: Political Map

Frederica M. Bunge, ed., Philippines: A Country Study, Area Handbook Series (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, August 1983), pp. 190-191.

Appendix II: Demographical Map

Frederica M. Bunge, ed., Philippines: A Country Study, Area Handbook Series (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, August 1983), pp. 68-69.

Appendix III: Map of Contested Territory

Frederica M. Bunge, ed., Philippines: A Country Study, Area Handbook Series (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, August 1983), p. 240.