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A the Hacker
A The Hacker Madame Curie once said “En science, nous devons nous int´eresser aux choses, non aux personnes [In science, we should be interested in things, not in people].” Things, however, have since changed, and today we have to be interested not just in the facts of computer security and crime, but in the people who perpetrate these acts. Hence this discussion of hackers. Over the centuries, the term “hacker” has referred to various activities. We are familiar with usages such as “a carpenter hacking wood with an ax” and “a butcher hacking meat with a cleaver,” but it seems that the modern, computer-related form of this term originated in the many pranks and practi- cal jokes perpetrated by students at MIT in the 1960s. As an example of the many meanings assigned to this term, see [Schneier 04] which, among much other information, explains why Galileo was a hacker but Aristotle wasn’t. A hack is a person lacking talent or ability, as in a “hack writer.” Hack as a verb is used in contexts such as “hack the media,” “hack your brain,” and “hack your reputation.” Recently, it has also come to mean either a kludge, or the opposite of a kludge, as in a clever or elegant solution to a difficult problem. A hack also means a simple but often inelegant solution or technique. The following tentative definitions are quoted from the jargon file ([jargon 04], edited by Eric S. Raymond): 1. A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and how to stretch their capabilities, as opposed to most users, who prefer to learn only the minimum necessary. -
Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09
REPORT: SYMANTEC ENTERPRISE SECURITY SYMANTEC REPORT: Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09 Published October 2009 Confidence in a connected world. White Paper: Symantec Enterprise Security Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09 Contents Introduction . 1 Overview of Rogue Security Software. 2 Risks . 4 Advertising methods . 7 Installation techniques . 9 Legal actions and noteworthy scam convictions . 14 Prevalence of Rogue Security Software . 17 Top reported rogue security software. 17 Additional noteworthy rogue security software samples . 25 Top rogue security software by region . 28 Top rogue security software installation methods . 29 Top rogue security software advertising methods . 30 Analysis of Rogue Security Software Distribution . 32 Analysis of Rogue Security Software Servers . 36 Appendix A: Protection and Mitigation. 45 Appendix B: Methodologies. 48 Credits . 50 Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09 Introduction The Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software is an in-depth analysis of rogue security software programs. This includes an overview of how these programs work and how they affect users, including their risk implications, various distribution methods, and innovative attack vectors. It includes a brief discussion of some of the more noteworthy scams, as well as an analysis of the prevalence of rogue security software globally. It also includes a discussion on a number of servers that Symantec observed hosting these misleading applications. Except where otherwise noted, the period of observation for this report was from July 1, 2008, to June 30, 2009. Symantec has established some of the most comprehensive sources of Internet threat data in the world through the Symantec™ Global Intelligence Network. -
3/16/2020 Testout Labsim
3/16/2020 TestOut LabSim 8.4 Web Application Attacks As you study this section, answer the following questions: What are two ways that drive-by download attacks occur? Which countermeasures can be used to eliminate buffer overflow attacks? How can cross-site scripting (XSS) be used to breach the security of a web user? What is the best method for preventing SQL injection attacks? What are some types of header manipulation? Which mitigation practices help to protect internet-based activities from web application attacks? In this section, you will learn to: Prevent cross-site scripting Key terms for this section include the following: Term Definition Drive-By Download An attack where software or malware is downloaded and installed without explicit consent from the user. Typosquatting/URL Hijacking An attack that occurs when an attacker registers domain names that correlate to common typographical errors made by users when trying to access a legitimate website. Buffer Overflow An attack that exploits an operating system or an application that does not properly enforce boundaries for how much and what type of data can be inputted. An attack that exploits a computational operation by a running process that results in a numeric value that exceeds the maximum size of the integer type used to store it in Integer Overflow memory. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) An attack that injects scripts into webpages. Cross-Site Request Forgery A type of malicious exploit whereby unauthorized commands are transmitted from the user to a website that currently trusts the user by way of authentication, cookies, etc. (CSRF/XSRF) LDAP Injection An attack that uses LDAP statements with arbitrary commands to exploit web-based applications with access to a directory service. -
Lakeridge Health Uses Trend Micro™ Messaging and Web Security for Comprehensive Gateway Web Threat Protection
Securing Your Web World Lakeridge Health Uses Trend Micro™ Messaging and Web Security for Comprehensive Gateway Web Threat Protection Lakeridge Health (LH) serves a community of more than 500,000 residents within an area of 19,000 square kilometers in Ontario. IT must build in security to protect the mission-critical infrastructure that spans the 25 hospitals, clinics, and administrative sites. A recent escalation in web threats, including web-based phishing and malware as well as the spam emails that deliver links to these threats, called for a combination of Trend Micro messaging and web solutions supported by the Trend Micro Smart Protection Network. ESCALATING WEB THREATS “ Trend Micro messaging and Over the years, LH has tried many web security builds up our alternatives in its search for the best possible security. When web threats began defenses where they can to increase, LH’s user help desk was flooded do the most good—right at with complaints about spyware and other the edge of our network. infections. Unsatisfied with its previously These solutions have proven deployed products and lack of support from the vendor, LH evaluated four other security invaluable for fighting the vendors including Trend Micro. constantly evolving web After identifying Trend Micro as the winner of its security “bake off,” LH deployed multiple threats.” layers of Trend Micro protection. Trend Micro gateway protection blocks web-based threats by introducing messaging and web defense right at the network perimeter: — Peter Hastie, IT Systems Consultant • Trend Micro InterScan™ Messaging Security blocks emails threats, including spam, Lakeridge Health (LH), phishing, and malware, and offers content filtering to enforce compliance and prevent Ontario, Canada data leaks. -
Solutions for Increased Productivity Simple “Do-It-Yourself” Tips For
_ Solutions for Increased Productivity Simple “Do-it-Yourself” tips for speeding up your Computer So your computer is running slow. There are numerous things that can cause a slow PC. They are: • Spyware Programs running in the background without your knowledge. (Programs that spy on your surfing habits, etc, and report this info to someone else.) • Viruses, Trojans and other forms of Malware ( Mal icious Soft ware ). • Fragmented File Systems. • Lack of Hard Drive Space. • System Tray Overload After we look at these 5 “Anti-Productivity” Scenarios, we will look at ways of dealing with them, and bringing your system back up to speed. Spyware Let’s start off with Spyware. Spyware is software installed without your knowledge. How does this software get installed without you knowing about it, you ask? Remember the old saying, “The best things in life are free.” Well, as it turns out, Software isn’t one of them. You see, just because it is free for you (financially speaking), the company is still making money on it. Yes, I know.. you have the free version, and there is a full version, which you can buy. But, even the free version is making the software company money. How you ask? Spyware. This is how it works. A Big Software Company, lets call them “ Company A ”, has a product that they want to put on the market, but they don’t want the user to have to pay for it. They still however, want to make money off it though. How, you ask? This is where the Little Software Company (“ Company B ”) comes into the picture. -
Search Engines and Cyber Hygiene Exercise - 11
IT WORKSHOP LAB MANUAL Search Engines and Cyber Hygiene Exercise - 11 Aim: Working of search engine, Awareness of various threats on Internet, types of attacks and how to overcome. Installation of antivirus software, configuration of personal firewall and Windows update on computers. 11.1 Introduction Search Engine refers to a huge database of internet resources such as web pages, newsgroups, programs, images etc. It helps to locate information on World Wide Web. User can search for any information by passing query in form of keywords or phrase. It then searches for relevant information in its database and return to the user. Fig. 1. Windows explorer 198 Prepared by: APPROVED BY : Ms.K.NIRMALA Dr.K.RAMANI Mr.V.S.V.S.S.S.M.CHAKRADHAR HOD, IT IT WORKSHOP LAB MANUAL Search Engine Components Generally there are three basic components of a search engine as listed below: 1. Web Crawler 2. Database 3. Search Interfaces Web crawler It is also known as spider or bots. It is a software component that traverses the web to gather information. Database All the information on the web is stored in database. It consists of huge web resources. Search Interfaces This component is an interface between user and the database. It helps the user to search through the database. Search Engine Working Web crawler, database and the search interface are the major component of a search engine that actually makes search engine to work. Search engines make use of Boolean expression AND, OR, NOT to restrict and widen the results of a search. Following are the steps that are performed by the search engine: The search engine looks for the keyword in the index for predefined database instead of going directly to the web to search for the keyword. -
Fraudware How It Works and How to Prevent It from Attacking Your System a Fast Rhino Presentation to the Vistoso Computer Society November 11, 2012
Fraudware How it works and how to prevent it from attacking your system A Fast Rhino Presentation to the Vistoso Computer Society November 11, 2012 Before we jump in to Fraudware, we should most likely begin by defining "Malware ", which is short for "Malicious software". We've all heard a lot in the past about viruses, adware, & spyware. Today, the industry basically refers to just about any software-based threat as "Malware". More specifically, Malware is a term used to define software that is intended to disrupt the operation of a computer, collect sensitive data, or gain access to private computer systems. Its definition is always expanding since new exploits continue to evolve. Malware consists of a broad spectrum of techniques used to infect systems, including viruses, worms, Trojan horses, rootkits, backdoors and drive-by downloads. Each of these operate differently, however, attacks can very often include a combination of these methods. And, although many of you in this room may already be aware of these, some of you may not, so please bear with me as we go through a basic understanding of these. A virus is a program that infects executable software. When it runs, it allows the virus to spread to other executables. In the spring of 1999, a man named David L. Smith created a computer virus based on a Microsoft Word macro. He built the virus so that it could spread through e-mail messages. Smith named the virus "Melissa," saying that he named it after an exotic dancer from Florida. "Melissa" was one of the first major computer viruses to get the public's attention. -
Internet Infrastructure Review Vol.15 -Infrastructure Security
1. Infrastructure Security The Revised Unauthorized Computer Access Law In this volume we examine the revised Unauthorized Computer Access Law, and discuss the DNS Changer malware as well as the Ghost Domain Name issue relating to DNS. Infrastructure Security 1.1 Introduction This report summarizes incidents to which IIJ responded, based on general information obtained by IIJ itself related to the stable operation of the Internet, information from observations of incidents, information acquired through our services, and information obtained from companies and organizations with which IIJ has cooperative relationships. This volume covers the period of time from January 1 to March 31, 2012. Following on from the previous period, with an increase in the number of smartphone users, there have been an increasing number of problems related to the handling of information on the devices and user information. Hacktivism-based attacks such as those by Anonymous also continued to occur, and the number of attacks on companies and government agencies remained at a high level. In Middle-Eastern countries and Israel there were a series of hacking incidents and information leaks, as well as DDoS attacks on websites including critical infrastructure. Regarding vulnerabilities, an issue was discovered and fixed in multiple cache DNS server implementations including BIND. As seen above, the Internet continues to experience many security-related incidents. 1.2 Incident Summary Here, we discuss the IIJ handling and response to incidents Other 19.7% Vulnerabilities 20.6% that occurred between January 1 and March 31, 2012. Figure 1 shows the distribution of incidents handled during this period*1. -
Darpa Starts Sleuthing out Disloyal Troops
UNCLASSIFIED (U) FBI Tampa Division CI Strategic Partnership Newsletter JANUARY 2012 (U) Administrative Note: This product reflects the views of the FBI- Tampa Division and has not been vetted by FBI Headquarters. (U) Handling notice: Although UNCLASSIFIED, this information is property of the FBI and may be distributed only to members of organizations receiving this bulletin, or to cleared defense contractors. Precautions should be taken to ensure this information is stored and/or destroyed in a manner that precludes unauthorized access. 10 JAN 2012 (U) The FBI Tampa Division Counterintelligence Strategic Partnership Newsletter provides a summary of previously reported US government press releases, publications, and news articles from wire services and news organizations relating to counterintelligence, cyber and terrorism threats. The information in this bulletin represents the views and opinions of the cited sources for each article, and the analyst comment is intended only to highlight items of interest to organizations in Florida. This bulletin is provided solely to inform our Domain partners of news items of interest, and does not represent FBI information. In the JANUARY 2012 Issue: Article Title Page NATIONAL SECURITY THREAT NEWS FROM GOVERNMENT AGENCIES: American Jihadist Terrorism: Combating a Complex Threat p. 2 Authorities Uncover Increasing Number of United States-Based Terror Plots p. 3 Chinese Counterfeit COTS Create Chaos For The DoD p. 4 DHS Releases Cyber Strategy Framework p. 6 COUNTERINTELLIGENCE/ECONOMIC ESPIONAGE THREAT ITEMS FROM THE PRESS: United States Homes In on China Spying p. 6 Opinion: China‟s Spies Are Catching Up p. 8 Canadian Politician‟s Chinese Crush Likely „Sexpionage,‟ Former Spies Say p. -
Malware to Crimeware
I have surveyed over a decade of advances in delivery of malware. Over this daVid dittRich period, attackers have shifted to using complex, multi-phase attacks based on malware to crimeware: subtle social engineering tactics, advanced how far have they cryptographic techniques to defeat takeover gone, and how do and analysis, and highly targeted attacks we catch up? that are intended to fly below the radar of current technical defenses. I will show how Dave Dittrich is an affiliate information malicious technology combined with social security researcher in the University of manipulation is used against us and con- Washington’s Applied Physics Laboratory. He focuses on advanced malware threats and clude that this understanding might even the ethical and legal framework for respond- ing to computer network attacks. help us design our own combination of [email protected] technical and social mechanisms to better protect us. And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free. The late 1990s saw the advent of distributed and John 8:32 coordinated computer network attack tools, which were primarily used for the electronic equivalent of fist fighting in the streets. It only took a few years for criminal activity—extortion, click fraud, denial of service for competitive advantage—to appear, followed by mass theft of personal and financial data through quieter, yet still widespread and auto- mated, keystroke logging. Despite what law-abid- ing citizens would desire, crime does pay, and pay well. Today, the financial gain from criminal enter- prise allows investment of large sums of money in developing tools and operational capabilities that are increasingly sophisticated and highly targeted. -
The Four Rules of Complete Web Protection
The four rules of complete web protection By Chris McCormack, Product Marketing Manager As an IT manager you’ve always known the web is a dangerous place. But with infections growing and the demands on your time and budget rising, it’s time to revisit your strategy. This whitepaper discusses the major web threats and provides four rules to help you stay protected. When you follow them, these rules will also save you time and money. The four rules of complete web protection Why the web is a scary place Your users are working on the web more than ever, reaping its benefits for increased mobility and easy access to the tools they need. But the web is also a dangerous place. Cybercriminals constantly launch attacks designed to penetrate your digital defenses and steal sensitive data. During the first half of 2011, we saw an average of 19,000 new malicious URLs every day at SophosLabs—that's one every 4.5 seconds. In a recent study of 50 organizations, 64% of those companies were victim to a web-based attack during a four week period.1 And web-based attacks are the second most costly type of attack, topped only by denial of service attacks.2 This type of cybercrime exposes you to enormous risks, including financial losses, regulatory and compliance issues, data breach liabilities, damage to brand and reputation, and loss of customer confidence. In this whitepaper we’ll discuss the types of threats and explain how these four rules can help you build a better web protection strategy. -
Munkavállalói Adatok Szivárogtak Az Nvidiatól
Munkavállalói adatok szivárogtak az Nvidiatól 2015.01.05. 09:58 | Csizmazia Darab István [Rambo] | Szólj hozzá! Címkék: nvidia jelszó incidens security adatszivárgás jelszócsere breach welivesecurity.com A nagy adatlopási ügyek mellett történnek azért rendre "kisebb" horderejű, de azért szintén fontos biztonsági incidensek is, amelyek szintén nem tanulság nélkül valóak. Ezúttal az Nvidia háza táján történt olyan, dolgozói adatokat érintő adatlopás még decemberben, amely miatt a cég jelszóváltoztatásra és óvatosságra figyelmeztette saját munkavállalóit. A Forbes beszámolója szerint a jelszavak azonnali megváltoztatása mellett arra is kiemelten felhívták a figyelmet, hogy fokozott óvatossággal kezeljenek minden kéretlen levélben érkező adathalász próbálkozást. Ilyen esetekben ugyanis a kiszivárgott személyes információk birtokában sokszor testre-szabott, személyes hangvételű banki vagy látszólag munkatársak, barátok nevében érkező, és jelszavainkkal kapcsolatos kéréseket tartalmazó phishing megkeresések is érkezhetnek. A fenti hamis megkeresési trükkök mellett a dolgozóknak érdekes módon általában nehezükre esik elfogadni a valóságos belső fenyegetés veszélyét is, pedig a támadások, adatszivárgások alkalmával számos esetben van valamilyen belső szál is. Emellett emlékezetes lehet, hogy annak idején több mint 20 olyan embert azonosítottak, akik simán megadták az azonosítójukat és a jelszavukat Snowdennek, aki kollégái hozzáférését is felhasználta az adatgyűjtései és kiszivárogtatásai során. Mivel az eset több, mint 500 dolgozót is érinthetett,