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The History of the American Revolution, Vol. 1 [1789]
The Online Library of Liberty A Project Of Liberty Fund, Inc. David Ramsay, The History of the American Revolution, vol. 1 [1789] The Online Library Of Liberty Collection This E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private, non-profit, foundation established to encourage study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. It is part of the Online Library of Liberty web site http://oll.libertyfund.org, which was established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. To find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, or to see other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF), please visit the OLL web site. This title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over 900 books and other material and is available free of charge upon request. The cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element in all Liberty Fund books and Web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi), or “liberty.” It is taken from a clay document written about 2300 B.C. in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash. To find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project, please contact the Director at [email protected]. LIBERTY FUND, INC. 8335 Allison Pointe Trail, Suite 300 Indianapolis, Indiana 46250-1684 Online Library of Liberty: The History of the American Revolution, vol. 1 Edition Used: The History of the American Revolution, Foreword by Lester H. -
'Deprived of Their Liberty'
'DEPRIVED OF THEIR LIBERTY': ENEMY PRISONERS AND THE CULTURE OF WAR IN REVOLUTIONARY AMERICA, 1775-1783 by Trenton Cole Jones A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland June, 2014 © 2014 Trenton Cole Jones All Rights Reserved Abstract Deprived of Their Liberty explores Americans' changing conceptions of legitimate wartime violence by analyzing how the revolutionaries treated their captured enemies, and by asking what their treatment can tell us about the American Revolution more broadly. I suggest that at the commencement of conflict, the revolutionary leadership sought to contain the violence of war according to the prevailing customs of warfare in Europe. These rules of war—or to phrase it differently, the cultural norms of war— emphasized restricting the violence of war to the battlefield and treating enemy prisoners humanely. Only six years later, however, captured British soldiers and seamen, as well as civilian loyalists, languished on board noisome prison ships in Massachusetts and New York, in the lead mines of Connecticut, the jails of Pennsylvania, and the camps of Virginia and Maryland, where they were deprived of their liberty and often their lives by the very government purporting to defend those inalienable rights. My dissertation explores this curious, and heretofore largely unrecognized, transformation in the revolutionaries' conduct of war by looking at the experience of captivity in American hands. Throughout the dissertation, I suggest three principal factors to account for the escalation of violence during the war. From the onset of hostilities, the revolutionaries encountered an obstinate enemy that denied them the status of legitimate combatants, labeling them as rebels and traitors. -
Of the Commemorative Ceremony-A Description
.DOCUMENT RESUME . SO00947 9 : Commemoration,Ceremony in konor, of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the First ContinentalCongress in the United States House' of Representatives,September Twenty-Fifth, Nineteen Hundred andSeventy-Four. INSTITUTION Congress of the U.-$., Washington, D.C. House. 'REPORT NO 93-413 PUB:DATE 75 i NOTE 151p. Superintendent of Documents, U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, Washington,.D.C. 20402 (stockno. -052-071-00432-7, $1.80) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$8.69 Plus Postage. -DESCRIPTORS American Culture; American Studies; Civics;*Colonial History (United States); ConstitutiOnal History; . Educational Resources; *FederalGovernment; Federal 'Programs; Government Publications; GovqrnmentRole; History Instruction; Political Influences;Political .Science; Politics; *Primary Sources;Roference Materials; Resource Materials;. RevolutionaryWar (United States); Social History; *supplcmentary Reading Materials; *United StatesHistelry IDENTIFIERS *Eicdntenniai; *Continental CongressOst) ABSTRACT This documen+ provides a report ofactivities undertaken at the first official bicentennialcelehrntion by the U.S. Congress in January 1974..The projectwas initiated .to provide commemoration of the First ContinentalCongress which met in Philadelphia in September 1774. The booldetpresents the proceedings of the commemorative ceremony-a descriptionof tiazo Old Guard Fife Drum Corps, and the Camerata Chorus Of Washington.In the major portion of the booklet, a documentaryhistory of the First Continental Congress is presented. Thethree sections -
Runnymede Revisited: Bicentennial Reflections on a 750Th Anniversary William F
College of William & Mary Law School William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository Faculty Publications Faculty and Deans 1976 Runnymede Revisited: Bicentennial Reflections on a 750th Anniversary William F. Swindler William & Mary Law School Repository Citation Swindler, William F., "Runnymede Revisited: Bicentennial Reflections on a 750th Anniversary" (1976). Faculty Publications. 1595. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs/1595 Copyright c 1976 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs MISSOURI LAW REVIEW Volume 41 Spring 1976 Number 2 RUNNYMEDE REVISITED: BICENTENNIAL REFLECTIONS ON A 750TH ANNIVERSARY* WILLIAM F. SWINDLER" I. MAGNA CARTA, 1215-1225 America's bicentennial coincides with the 750th anniversary of the definitive reissue of the Great Charter of English liberties in 1225. Mile- stone dates tend to become public events in themselves, marking the be- ginning of an epoch without reference to subsequent dates which fre- quently are more significant. Thus, ten years ago, the common law world was astir with commemorative festivities concerning the execution of the forced agreement between King John and the English rebels, in a marshy meadow between Staines and Windsor on June 15, 1215. Yet, within a few months, John was dead, and the first reissues of his Charter, in 1216 and 1217, made progressively more significant changes in the document, and ten years later the definitive reissue was still further altered.' The date 1225, rather than 1215, thus has a proper claim on the his- tory of western constitutional thought-although it is safe to assume that few, if any, observances were held vis-a-vis this more significant anniver- sary of Magna Carta. -
The Common Sense Media Use by Kids Census: Age Zero to Eight
2017 THE COMMON SENSE MEDIA USE BY KIDS CENSUS: AGE ZERO TO EIGHT Common Sense is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization dedicated to improving the lives of kids, families, and educators by providing the trustworthy information, education, and independent voice they need to thrive in a world of media and technology. Our independent research is designed to provide parents, educators, health organizations, and policymakers with reliable, independent data on children’s use of media and technology and the impact it has on their physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development. For more information, visit www.commonsense.org/research. Common Sense is grateful for the generous support and underwriting that funded this research report. The Morgan Peter and The David and Lucile Family Foundation Helen Bing Packard Foundation Carnegie Corporation of New York The Grable Foundation Eva and Bill Price John H.N. Fisher and Jennifer Caldwell EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Opening Letter 4 Essays 6 Jenny Radesky: Taking Advantage of Real Opportunities to Help Families Overwhelmed by Technology . 6 Michael H. Levine: M Is for Mobile . 6 Julián Castro: A Narrowing but Still Troubling Divide . 8 At a Glance: Evolution of Kids’ Media Use 2011–2017 9 Introduction 11 Methodology 12 Survey Sample . 12 Media Definitions . 12 Demographic Definitions. 13 Presentation of Data in the Text . 13 Key Findings 15 Conclusion 29 Board of Directors 30 Board of Advisors 30 To access the full research report, visit www commonsense org/zero-to-eight-census At Common Sense, our mission has always been to help families navigate the vast and ever-changing landscape of media and technology. -
816 0008G.Pdf
8 Meanwhile, the Second Continental Congress was moving inexorably towards a clean break from England. On June 7, 1776, fiery Henry Lee of Virginia moved that the united colonies should declare their independence. Lee’s resolution was formally adopted on July 2. Congress then appointed a committee to prepare an appropriate statement. A rupture of this nature called for a formal explanation to justify such action, to rally resistance in the colonies, and to win support from foreign nations. Thomas Jefferson was called upon as one contemporary described it to “advertise Mr. Lee’s resolution.” Jefferson rose to the occasion and gave his appeal a universal flavor by invoking the natural rights of humankind. Every attempt was made to make it clear that George III was the villain and not the British people. Jefferson was a product of the Enlightenment Period, and he borrowed extensively from Rousseau, Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, and others. Jefferson delivered a withering blast at British tyranny and was not above taking certain liberties with historical truth. Some critics viewed his declaration as “the world’s greatest editorial.” The Declaration of Independence had a universal impact and was a “shout heard round the world.” It became the source of countless revolutionary movements against arbitrary power. VIDEO OBJECTIVES The following objectives are designed to assist the viewer in identifying the most significant aspects of the video segment of this lesson. You should take succinct notes while viewing the video. 1. Assess the significance of the Second Continental Congress. 2. Analyze the importance of Thomas Paine and his Common Sense and his American Crisis papers. -
The Newspapers of the British Empire As a Matrix for The
Warner.communicating.liberty-1 Communicating Liberty: the Newspapers of the British Empire as a Matrix for the American Revolution William B. Warner “I beg your lordship’s permission to observe, and I do it with great concern, that this spirit of opposition to taxation and its consequences is so violent and so universal throughout America that I am apprehensive it will not be soon or easily appeased. The general voice speaks discontent… determined to stop all exports to and imports from Great Britain and even to silence the courts of law…foreseeing but regardless of the ruin that must attend themselves in that case, content to change a comfortable, for a parsimonious life,…” Lieutenant-Governor of South Carolina, Wm. Bull to Earl of Dartmouth, July 31, 1774. [Documents of the American Revolution, 1770-1783, Ed. K. G. Davies. (Dublin: Irish University Press, 1975) VIII: 1774, 154.] Momentous historical events often issue from a nexus of violence and communication. While American independence from Britain ultimately depended upon the spilling of blood on the battlefields of Bunker Hill, Saratoga and Yorktown, the successful challenge to the legitimacy of British rule in America was the culmination of an earlier communications war waged by American Whigs between the Stamp Act agitation of 1764-5 and the Coercive Acts of 1774. In response to the first of the Coercive acts--the Boston Port Bill--Boston Whigs secured a tidal wave of political and material support from throughout the colonies of British America. By the end of 1774, the American Secretary at Whitehall, Lord Dartmouth, was receiving reports from colonial Governors of North America, like the passage quoted above from the Lieutenant-Governor of South Caroline, William Bull. -
The Road to Revolution LARRY R. GERLACH
The Road to Revolution LARRY R. GERLACH :Be11i1 ~~~eit ~~~~ir"'I ;J:«~~il/¥icr~~~;,,:,~ ~ h ~~,,,v ".:'" '"t J~ 'ft,~* r~ '"d 1 ) ~' d~::~ c;~~ ".(iyt\;i, 'l'Y:;;; 7 01'. ,, t ~' t ~1 J~ " I l I NEW JERSEY'S REVOLUTIONARY EXPERIENCE Larry R. Gerlach, Editor I I I This series of publications is dedicated to the memory of Alfred E. Driscoll, governor of New Jersey from 1947 to 1954, in grateful tribute to his lifelong support of the study and teaching of the history of New Jersey and the United States. He was a member of the New Jersey Historical Commission from 1970 until his death on March 9, 1975. '!.I!~ I The Road to Revolution LARRY R. GERLACH New Jersey Historical Commission Ubtary of C-.-Cataloging In PubUcation Data Gerlach, I.any R The road to Revolution. (New Jersey's revolutionary e><perience; 71 Bibllography: p. SUMMARY: Traces the development of the independence movement in New JeJSey from 176310 the general brea.koutof hostilities in 1776. l. United States.-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Causes. 2. New Jersey-History-Revo· lution, 1775-1783. [l. New Jersey-History-Revolution, 1775-1783. 2. United States-History - Revolution, 1 n5-1783 -Causes] I. Title. I!. Series. E263.NSN78 no. 7 [E210] 973.3'1 l 75-28186 Price:$.50 Designed by Peggy Lewis and Lee R. Parks Copyright"' 1975 by the New Jersey Historical Commission. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America 11IE NEW JERSEY HISTORICAL COMMISSION is an official agency of the state of New Jersey, in the division of the State Library, Archives and History Department of Education. -
Thomas Paine's Influential Rhetoric in Common Sense
Revolutionary Persuasion: Thomas Paine’s Influential Rhetoric in Common Sense On January 10, 1776, an unknown English immigrant drastically altered the course of human events by publishing what has been referred to as the most influential pamphlet in American history. This man was Thomas Paine, and his pamphlet was titled Common Sense - two words which to this very day resonate as synonymous with American independence and freedom. Paine’s influential writing in Common Sense made an immediate impact on the minds and hearts of thousands of colonists throughout the densely populated eastern seaboard of North America, calling for an end to tyrannical British rule and for the subsequent foundation of an independent, egalitarian republic. Paine’s “hardnosed political logic demanded the creation of an American nation” (Rhetoric, np), and through his persuasive discourse he achieved just that. Paine’s knowledge and use of rhetorical skill was a main reason for the groundbreaking, widespread success of Common Sense, the magnitude of which, many would argue, has yet to be matched. Rhetoric is the art or science of persuasion and the ability to use language effectively. This paper will provide an in-depth analysis of Paine’s rhetoric in Common Sense by examining factors such as the historical time period, communicator attributes, and audience psychology, and will deliver a thorough application of contemporary modes of persuasive study to the document’s core ideological messages. To Paine, the cause of America was the cause of all mankind (Paine, 3), and for that matter he will be forever known as the father of the American Revolution. -
Amicus Brief
No. 20-855 ================================================================================================================ In The Supreme Court of the United States --------------------------------- ♦ --------------------------------- MARYLAND SHALL ISSUE, INC., et al., Petitioners, v. LAWRENCE HOGAN, IN HIS CAPACITY OF GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND, Respondent. --------------------------------- ♦ --------------------------------- On Petition For A Writ Of Certiorari To The United States Court Of Appeals For The Fourth Circuit --------------------------------- ♦ --------------------------------- BRIEF OF AMICUS CURIAE FIREARMS POLICY COALITION IN SUPPORT OF PETITIONERS --------------------------------- ♦ --------------------------------- JOSEPH G.S. GREENLEE FIREARMS POLICY COALITION 1215 K Street, 17th Floor Sacramento, CA 95814 (916) 378-5785 [email protected] January 28, 2021 Counsel of Record ================================================================================================================ COCKLE LEGAL BRIEFS (800) 225-6964 WWW.COCKLELEGALBRIEFS.COM i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................ i INTEREST OF THE AMICUS CURIAE ............... 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ................................ 1 ARGUMENT ........................................................... 3 I. Personal property is entitled to full consti- tutional protection ....................................... 3 II. Since medieval England, the right to prop- erty—both personal and real—has been protected against arbitrary seizure -
Revolutionary Betrayal: the Fall of King George III in the Experience Of
LIBERTY UNIVERSITY REVOLUTIONARY BETRAYAL: THE FALL OF KING GEORGE III IN THE EXPERIENCE OF POLITICIANS, PLANTERS, AND PREACHERS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE HISTORY DEPARTMENT IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF HISTORY BY BENJAMIN J. BARLOWE LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA APRIL 2013 Table of Contents Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1: “Great Britain May Thank Herself:” King George III, Congressional Delegates, and American Independence, 1774-1776 .................................... 11 Chapter 2: Master and Slave, King and Subject: Southern Planters and the Fall of King George III ....................................................................................... 41 Chapter 3: “No Trace of Papal Bondage:” American Patriot Ministers and the Fall of King George III ................................................................................ 62 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 89 Bibliography ...................................................................................................... 94 1 Introduction When describing the imperial crisis of 1763-1776 between the British government and the American colonists, historians often refer to Great Britain as a united entity unto itself, a single character in the imperial conflict. While this offers rhetorical benefits, it oversimplifies the complex constitutional relationship between the American -
DIFFERENTIATING INSTRUCTION Economic Interference
CHAPTER 6 • SECTION 2 On March 5, 1770, a group of colo- nists—mostly youths and dockwork- ers—surrounded some soldiers in front of the State House. Soon, the two groups More About . began trading insults, shouting at each other and even throwing snowballs. The Boston Massacre As the crowd grew larger, the soldiers began to fear for their safety. Thinking The animosity of the American dockworkers they were about to be attacked, the sol- toward the British soldiers was about more diers fired into the crowd. Five people, than political issues. Men who worked on including Crispus Attucks, were killed. the docks and ships feared impressment— The people of Boston were outraged being forced into the British navy. Also, at what came to be known as the Boston many British soldiers would work during Massacre. In the weeks that followed, the their off-hours at the docks—increasing colonies were flooded with anti-British propaganda in newspapers, pamphlets, competition for jobs and driving down and political posters. Attucks and the wages. In the days just preceding the four victims were depicted as heroes Boston Massacre, several confrontations who had given their lives for the cause Paul Revere’s etching had occurred between British soldiers and of the Boston Massacre of freedom. The British soldiers, on the other hand, were portrayed as evil American dockworkers over these issues. fueled anger in the and menacing villains. colonies. At the same time, the soldiers who had fired the shots were arrested and Are the soldiers represented fairly in charged with murder. John Adams, a lawyer and cousin of Samuel Adams, Revere’s etching? agreed to defend the soldiers in court.