APPENDIX I
Nominal Roll Hejaz Armoured Car Company
M.G.C.
Gilman Dowsett Grisenthwaite Wade Greenhill D. M. Grant E. Palmer H. Comery G. V. P. Kenknight J. L. Pender R. Fairgrave G. S. Bond W. Rowe W. A. Holdsworth F. J. Davies H. M. Shackleton V. Holden A. Frost A. Tunnicliffe R. P. Jones H. Mann G. Westwater D. M. Murray D. Anderson J. Wilson R. McKenzie G. Barton J. Goodchild H. E. Parker T. W. Beaumont H. Wareham G. A. Pikett H. W. Bailey G. Williams E. Stoller G. A. Draper H. J. Ingram W. Thacker A. Hancock E. Featherstone H. W. Twiner J. H. Hurd F. Wilson F. Whitelegg Jackson W. Axup A. Woodburn E. Lowe C. J. Bird W. McDonald F. Brander
R.A.S.C. H. Monks J. W. Ramsbottom W. Hurst A. Barnes S. C. Rolls W. W. Kidd W. Coxon T. R. Robinson E. J. Keslake A. Duff J. O. Seddon L. Matthews S. Evans J. E. Wadland J. McKechnie F. Garnett A. Wainwright W. Page S. Haymes R. B. Arnott E. Rawcliffe R. W. Hurst G. Buckle S. D. Ross H. H. Helme D. Dickson J. E. Sanderson A. Knowles G. T. Elphick C. W. Thomas J. Mackay J. E. Exton W. E. Wells O. McCarnen H. R. Green F. Mudd H. Hosker Appendix
Nominal R Ten-Pounder Talb0t Battery
R.F.A. Brodie Pascoe L. W. Parsonage J. Black T. Richardson W. Bassett A. Catley C. W. Sorton H. Iverson H. E. Drewitt J. Smail H. B. Eccles E. Garrett R. Sneddon W. Stanford C. H. Hare P. Stokes J. Shaw A. Lynn A. Fawcett R. Nicol W. McInnes J. Baxter H. M. Palmer
R.A.S.C. J. Bourne A. Davies R. Guthrie M. Harper Harrison Draycuf A. G. Frankis A. Bentley Puffer J. Douglas D. P. Quentin J. W. Holyoak W. Johnson Heysed APPENDIX II
The following table of our movements or position-at-night is from my skeleton diary. Accident, preoccupations, and prudence were responsible for gaps. My book follows the strict order of time: but leaves out many by-plays. The dates here do not altogether agree with its text. Memory sometimes assists me with moonlight, on a new-moon night: and I have preferred memory to the calendar. (contd ) Jan. Nakhl Mubarak Apr. Abu Markha Nagb Dhifran Magrah el Semn Yenbo El Fershah In Suva, etc. Km. Bir Waheidi El Fershah Semna Bir el Amri Harrat Gelib Abu Markha Wadi Dhulm Wadi Geraia Abu Zereibat Wadi Hamdh Kurna Wejh Habban Magrah Raal Wejh Wadi Hamdh In Hardinge May Mellaha, etc. Cairo, etc. Wejh Feb. Suez Wadi Hamdh In Arethusa Wejh Wejh, etc. Kalaat el Zereib In Arethusa El Kurr Cairo, etc. Wadi Arnoua Mar. In Lama Abu Saad Wejh, etc. Abu Raga Seil Arja El Shegg Abu Zereibat Wadi Aish Wadi Kitan Dizaad Wadi Gara Wadi Abu Arad Wadi Tleih Bir Fejr Abu Markha Khabr Ajaj Wadi Serum El Jaala Wadi Meseij Kaseim Arfaja El Jurf Arfaja Aba el Naam Maiseri Wadi Turaa Isawiya Bir el Amri Abu Tarfeiyat Appendix
(contd ) Aug. (contd ) June Wadi Bair Akaba, etc. Ageila Sept. Wadi Itm Nebk, etc. Wadi Medeifein El Wagf Guweira Bair Hesma El Ghadaf Rum Wadi Mishnag Akaba Hemme Rum, etc. Minifir Wadi Dumna Ifdein Mudowwara Dhaba Km. Wadi Maghara Mudowwara Bair Rum Rijt el Herar Itm el Imran El Jefer Akaba July Km. Wadi Itm Fuweilah Hawara Nagb el Shtar Rum, etc. Guweira Oct. Wadi Hafir Wadi Itm Batra Akaba Shedia Bir Mohammed Km. Sudr Heidan El Kasr Suez Imshash Hesma Cairo Rum Alexandria Wadi Itm Cairo, etc. Akaba Alexandria Suez Cairo Kelab In Dufferin Ismailia Jeida Suez In Dufferin Akaba, etc. Jidda Wadi Itm Aug. Jidda Rum In Hardinge Wadi Hafir Wadi Itm, etc. Shedia In Hardinge El Jefer, etc. Cairo Shegg Alexandria Bair In Hardinge Nov. Wadi Dhirwa Akaba, etc. Amri Kuntilla Ain el Beidha Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Nov. (contd ) (contd ) Hamad Feb. Odroh Kseir el Hallabat Guweira Ghadir el Abyadh Khabr el Abid Tell el Shehab Basta Abu Sawana Shobek Minifir Tafileh, etc. Abu Sawana Buseira Azrak, etc. Ghor el Safieh Wadi Butm Wadi Dhahal Bair Seil Hesa Jefer Hesban, etc. Akaba Tafileh Wadi Itm Wadi Araba Dec. Wadi Hawara Beersheba Wadi Itm Ramleh, etc. Akaba Jerusalem Kantara Rafa Gaza Mar. Cairo Suafa Akaba G.H.Q., etc. In Borulos Gaza Cairo Cairo Suez Suez, etc. In Borulos Akaba Akaba Guweira Guweira Abu Sawana Akaba Akaba Nagb Shtar Guweira Shobek Ramleh Sadaka Tell el Shahm Akaba, etc. Guweira Apr. Khabr el Abid Jan. Abu Tarfeiyat Aba el Lissan Akaba, etc. Aneyza Wadi Itm Wadi el Jinz Guweira Wadi el Hafir Nagb Shtar El Atara, etc. Aba el Lissan Jurf el Derawish Wadi Musa Odroh Shobek Guweira Tafileh, etc. Waheida Mezraa, etc. Retm Appendix
Apr. (contd ) June (contd ) Shahm G.H.Q. Ramleh Cairo Disi In Mansurah Aba el Lissan Jidda Waheida July In Mansurah Aba el Lissan Wejh In Arethusa In Mansurah Cairo Cairo May Sinai Alexandria G.H.Q. Cairo Jerusalem Palestine Aba el Lissan Cairo G.H.Q. In Borulos Sinai Akaba Cairo Aba el Lissan Sinai Akaba G.H.Q. Aug. Akaba Wadi Hafira Wadi Itm Cairo Wadi Nejd In Imogen Rum Akaba Akaba Aba el Lissan Aba el Heiran Akaba Akaba Disi Aba el Lissan Mudowwara Jefer Akaba Um Kharug Aba el Lissan Amri, etc. Fagair Bair Towani El Hadi Hesa, etc. Wadi Ghadaf June Sultani El Umdeisisat Um el Rusas Muaggar Themed Kussair el Amruh Wadi Mojeb Azrak Jurf Ammari Aba el Lissan Um Kharug In Arethusa Thlaithukhwat Suez Aba el Lissan Cairo Sept. Aba el Lissan Alexandria Bair Cairo Azrak, etc. Sinai Gian Khunna Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Sept. (contd ) Sept. (contd ) Umtaiye, etc. Sheikh Miskin Mezerib Sheikh Saad Nasib Deraa Umtaiye Kiswe Ifdein Oct. Damascus Azrak Kuneitra Ramleh Sebaste Um el Surab Ramleh Umtaiye Sinai Nueime Cairo
Editor’s note
The first edition of Seven Pillars of Wisdom, The Complete Text (Castle Hill Press, ) contains editorial notes on the Seven Pillars texts. These set out the basis for this ‘best text’, derived from Lawrence’s manuscript in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, and the amendments in his master-copy of the Oxford Times proof. In essence, the words used here are Lawrence’s, but the punctuation had to be revised for publication. Also, for the reader’s convenience, many inconsistencies in capitalisation and in the spellings of Arabic words have been eliminated. In addition to those acknowledged in the edition, I am particularly grateful to St. John Armitage for his comments on the Arabic names queried by Hazel Bell during her work preparing the index. I would also like to thank my wife Nicole for her help with the revisions in this new edition. Jeremy Wilson INDEX
In Seven Pillars Lawrence frequently provides a surname only. He also claims to have disguised identities, particularly of minor characters. Despite this, comparison with contemporary documents shows that a large number of the names are real. In many instances it has been possible to add further information here, such as initials or forenames as well as rank and regiment. The ranks given, however, are indicative only, since there were many changes in rank, and temporary ranks, during the Revolt. Generally, the ranks given were held towards the end of the war. Place names beginning Jebel (hill) or Wadi (valley) are entered under the second element in the name. Entries entirely in are those given by Lawrence as chapter headings, or running titles in the subscribers’ abridgement of Seven Pillars of Wisdom. The arrangement of material within the entries is broadly chronological. Minor references with no qualifying description are listed in brackets at the appropriate place. Ill., following an entry, indicates that there is a photograph of the subject. Diary, followed by a month and year in the entry for a place name, indicates that the place is in Lawrence’s wartime pocket diaries for that month, see Appendix II.
Abbreviations used in the index ADC Aide de Camp RA Royal Artillery AR Arab Revolt RAF Royal Air Force EEF Egyptian Expeditionary RAMC Royal Army Medical Corps Force RASC Royal Army Service Corps GHQ General Headquarters RE Royal Engineers ICC Imperial Camel Corps RFC Royal Flying Corps MGC Machine Gun Corps RN Royal Navy MID Military Intelligence TEL Thomas Edward Lawrence Department, EEF WWI World War –. Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Aar , , , –, – Aba el Adham , Abd el Kher (slave) Aba el Lissan: Arabs rout Turks at Abd el Latif –, –; Turks recapture Abd el Mayin (Mayein), Sherif , ; (); Arabs recover –, , – ; (, , ); Turks fortify Abd el Mejid el Beidawi ; bombed by British ; Abd el Rahman, member of TEL’s Turkish garrison , ; Turks bodyguard , –, withdraw ; winter ; stores Abd el Rahman, retainer of at ; Feisal at , –; Mohammed (, ); Feisal at –; (, Abdul Hamid, Sultan , , , , ); Arab base –, , , , , , , , , ; Abdulla el Deleimi: at Yenbo ; Diary Jan., Apr. ; Apr., on march ; at Kurr , May, June, July, Aug., Sept. –; Wadi Sirhan , ; at Tafileh , –, Aba el Naam; Diary Mar. ; Abdulla el Feir, Sherif ; at Rum station –, , –, , , ; in Dead Sea campaign ; raids Mezraa ; at Ghor Abbas Hilmi, Khedive of Egypt ; Aba el Lissan ; in Tafileh Abd el Aziz el Beidawi Abd el Aziz of Tafas, member of Abdulla el Nahabi: career –; TEL’s bodyguard , , , leader of TEL’s bodyguard , ; at Tafas – ; at Allenby’s HQ ; at Abd el Ghani el Areisi Akaba –; at Tafileh , ; Abd el Hamid , love of animals , , ; Abd el Kader, Emir , (, , , , –); at Abd el Kader el Abdu, Sheikh ; at Mezerib ; at Nisib , ; Yenbo , , , , punishes bodyguard ; at Abd el Kader el Jezairi, Emir: Deraa character , ; early career Abdulla el Raashid , , , ; joins EF –; at Akaba Abdulla ibn Hamza, Sherif: at Ghor , ; suspected of spying ; , , on railway raids , , , Abdulla ibn Hussein, Emir: , , ; at Beni Sakhr feast character –, –; early life –; railway raids , , , –; outbreak of WWI , ; Auda warns TEL of ; , ; TEL and Storrs meet , deserts , , ; at Salkhad , –, –; plans AR , ; ; with Turks –; (); at at Taif , ; gives account of Ezraa ; at Damascus , , AR –; blockades Medina , , –; rebels ; flees –; withdraws troops ; sent to Wadi Ais –, , Abd el Kerim el Beidawi –, –, , ; captures Eshref Index
–, ; TEL with at Wadi Abu Tiyur Ais , –, , , –, Abu Zereibat, Hamdh , , , –, ; life in camp –; , , , , ; Diary Jan. attitude to AR ; attitude to , Mar. Feisal ; at Yenbo ; TEL Abyadh seeks to transfer Arab Regulars Acre from , –, ; relations action: compared to ideas ; and with Hussein and Feisal fiction Abdulla ibn Mahanna Aden , Abdulla ibn Mesfer Adham Abdulla ibn Thawab, Sherif Adheimat well Abdulla the Mirzugi – Adhub of the Zebn , , , abstraction ; rescues brother –, ; Abtan, Motalga champion , (, , , ) Abu Ajaj , –, Adwan Abu Arad, Wadi ; Diary May. aerodromes: Allies construct in Yenbo valley –; at Rabegh Abu Markha , ; Diary Mar., ; Ugila ; at Azrak ; Apr. TEL at Deraa ; (, –); Abu Naif Ramleh , –; Um el Surab Abu Obeida ; Turkish, near Umtaiye Abu Raga , –, ; Diary attacked –; Deraa, Sept. May ; TEL spends night at Deraa Abu Saad , ; Diary May. – aeroplanes: Beduin fear of , ; Abu Sawana , , , , ; first arrivals at Rabegh ; air cars driven in ; Diary Nov., reconnaissance –; B.E.s Dec. , , , ; Bristol Fighters Abu Shaama , , , , , , , Abu Tageiga Howeitat tribe , , , , , , Abu Taka, Hejaz Railway at ill. (brought down ); air Abu Tarfeiyat valley –; Diary self-contained fighting unit ; May. ; Jan. Handley–Page , , , , Abu Tayi Howeitat clan , , (Bedawi reports ), (arrives at , ; on march to Akaba , Ul el Surab –), (bombs ; at Aba el Lissan , ; Mafrak ); TEL’s flight to Jefer taking Akaba ; on railway ; sent to Azrak , ; aerial raids ; (); threaten to desert combat –, –; being , , ; on railway raids shelled in ; Allied need for , ; treatment of camels ; reinforcements , ; at Jefer , ; at Tafileh ; at reinforcements supplied –; see Semna ; at Faraifra ; at Bair also bombing raids; Royal Air ; herdsmen at Wadi Jinz – Force; Royal Flying Corps Seven Pillars of Wisdom affair of honour Aid ibn Benaiyin , Afuleh , , Aima village, men from –, Ageila –; Diary June Ain Ali village Ageilat clan Ain Arnoua Ageyl tribe , –, ; at battle Ain el Assad , , ; TEL’s of Medina , ; at Wadi Safra epitaph written in sand rout ; at Bir Said rout ; Ain el Beidha, near Azrak , ; march on Wejh –, –; at Diary Nov. Wejh ; rebel against Ais, Wadi, near Kheibar: Abdulla commandant ; escort TEL to sent to –, , , , , Wadi Ais –, , ; ; Abdulla camped at ; TEL member murdered –; return journeys to –; TEL with to Wejh –; on march to Abdulla at , –, –, Akaba , , , –, –, –; TEL’s party ride (attack railway –, ), , through ; return to –, , , , –, , , ; flooded ; clear blocked well –; at Aish, Wadi ; Diary May Akaba ; after Akaba victory , ; members in TEL’s Aiz el Beidha bodyguard , –, , ; Ajlun attitude to sexuality ; at Ajlun hills Tafileh , , , ; at Akaba: strategic position , ; Atatir ; participate in plans to occupy , –, ; punishment TEL plans to journey to , , Agha Khan ; geography –; Allied Agida, Jebel , troops aim for ; Turkish Agida, Wadi –, defences –, ; Arab Agida hills march to prepared – transport Agidat el Jemeilin and men –; journey to Agunna –, –; TEL insists on Ahad society –, as goal –, ; plan to attack Ahmed, member of TEL’s –; negotiations with Turkish bodyguard , , , , garrison –; Arabs take , , , , , , ; feud ; entry ill.; Zeid’s army arrives with Awad , ; at Azrak ill.; Arabs occupy –; TEL ; sent to Akaba gives news to British –; Ahmed Abu Tageiga stores and forces sent to , , Ahmed el Mansur, Sherif –, , , ; TEL Ahmed ibn Mansur returns to, Nasir at ; Allied Ahmed Tewfik Bey troops arrive ; Turks plan to Aiaishi Juheina – march on ; Allied base –, Aid, Harithi Sherif: goes blind , (TEL returns from Rum to , –, consult Feisal ), (TEL returns Index
from train mining –), , –, , ; at Azrak base , , (stores supplied from , , , , , , , ), , , , (Abdulla –, , , ; preaching el Nahabi comes to ), (TEL’s bodyguard at –), (discipline Ali ibn Hussein, Emir: early life , maintained –), , (camels –; outbreak of WWI ; arrive at ), , (ICC at ), fosters AR , ; TEL meets , (bodyguard ride out ), (); –; in Rabegh , , –, TEL at ill.; Nuri Said at ill. Diary –, , , ; recovers Bir July, Aug., Sept., Oct ; ibn Hassani , ; falls back Nov., Dec., , Jan, Mar. , ; in Yenbo ; TEL ; May, July, Aug. seeks to transfer Arab Regulars Akebat el Hejazia from , –, Akhua society Ali Riza Pasha Rikabi: in secret Albania committee at Damascus , ; Albanians (, , ); appointed alcohol , Military Governor of Damascus Aleppo, Syria , , , , , , , , ; in Sykes–Picot Allenby, General Sir Edmund H. H. Agreement ; outbreak of , –, ; personality , WWI –, ; comes to Egypt , Alexandretta, Egypt , , ; and Dawnay ; Alexandria, Egypt Diary July, Aug. (–, , ); first meets ; June, July TEL –; Feisal transferred to Algerians: refugees in Syria ; in command of , –; Jaulan –; Pisani’s troops ; discussion with TEL at GHQ, in Damascus , , – Oct. –; victories, Nov. Algiers –; (); at Jerusalem Ali, Ageyli member of TEL’s ; plans, Dec. –; bodyguard , , , plans, Feb. –; Corps Ali, standard-bearer from Nejd conference ; (, ); to Ali Abu Fitna , attack Amman ; (, ); Ali el Alayun , falls back from Amman , , Ali Fuad Pasha , ; (); plans, May Ali ibn el Hussein el Harthi, Sherif: –; disposes of abolished character and appearance –, Brigade’s camels –, ; –; early life , ; at battle (, ); choosing staff ; of Medina , , ; at well of plans, June–July –, the Masruh –; on railway raids , –, –; (, , , , , , , –, , ); on Hussein’s repudiation , , –, (at Bair –), of Jaafar as Commander , –, (at Azrak –), , ; Sept. , , , –, , , –, , , , , , , , Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Allenby, General Sir Edmund H. H. Ansariya community – (contd ) communications with Antar, Jebel , TEL ), (victories , ), antics – (TEL with in GHQ –), , Antioch , , , , ; at Anz , , Damascus –; meets Feisal Apollonius of Tyana –; arrives in Damascus ill. arab affairs go wrong, Alwain, kinsman of Auda Abu Tayi Arab Bulletin , , , Arab Bureau, Cairo , Americans in Arabia Arab forces Amk, Wadi – • Regulars: formed at Rabegh , Amman , , , , –, , , , , ; under Ali ; English fall back from , ; Jaafar appointed –, –, –, ; TEL Commander ; strengthened, explores ; Turks strengthen Jan. ; compared with , , ; (, ); advance tribal ; August , moved on feigned , , , , forward ; to move from ; railway , , , ; Akaba to Maan –; plans for, (, , , ) Feb. , –; on railway Ammari, Wadi Sirhan , , raids –; attack Maan –; –, , , , ; Diary withdraw from Maan –; Aug. invest Maan ; attack Jerdun Amran, a sub-tribe of the Howeitat ; take Jerdun ; under Zeid , , , , , ; at Medina ; TEL seeks to Amri well ; Diary Nov. transfer to Feisal , –, ; ; Aug. casualties by July ; Amruh –, compared with British ; Anatolia , , , , , , military decorations ; , Hashimite Regiment ; Anazeh tribe , compared with Beduin ; ancient palaces – Jaafar’s command repudiated by Aneyza , , , , , , Hussein ; officers resign ; , ; Arab force at ; achievement under Jaafar TEL’s party attacked near • Tribal –; physical condition –;(); Diary Apr. ; pay ; conditions of service animals: TEL hates , ; pets ; components –; tactical ; shot in desert for food , qualities –, ; working , , , , ; see also with British , , , , camels; gazelle; goats; horses; –, , , , , , mares; mules; oryx; sheep –, , , , , ; Annad bin Atban bin Jazi , Feisal organizes ; marshalled Annad, son of Auda abu Tayi: , –; tribes combined in death , ; tomb ; () , , , –, , ; Index
machine-gun companies , and conversion , –, , –, –, , (mutiny ); , , –, , , –, ‘mounted infantry’ –, , , ; TEL’s part in –, , –; marching to Wejh , , –, , , , –; concept of leadership –, –, , –, , ; augmented at Wadi Hamdh –, , , , –, , –; casualties ; –; tactics , –, military qualities –; working –; allegiance sworn –, with professionals ; marching , , , –; internal –; transferred to Allenby’s conflict avoided , ; funds command –; leave refused by from British , , , , Hussein ; in Syria –; , –, , ; tribes united discipline ; organization –; arab motive –; –; camels for , –; elements –; plans for discipline –, , ; carrying into Syria –; to be supplies ; TEL’s plans for fought by local people ; reinforcement and disposition, spread, ; irregularity ; June , –, ; mutiny pain and death in –; honour ; march for Azrak –; – marching, Sept. ; see also Araba, Wadi , , , , , bodyguard, TEL’s , ; peasants of ; TEL’s Arab Government, instituted at party lost in ; Diary Feb. Damascus – Arab Independence Movement: Arabia see desert and place names beginning in Mesopotamia ; arabia proper – (); and Wingate –; and Arabic language ; banned , ; Syria –; Feisal preaches ; dialects , –, , ; irregularity ; (); Feisal spoken by TEL , ; spoken offers to serve under TEL in ; in Syria , , –, , (, ); converted in –; salutations Damascus to Government Arabs: origins and definition –, Arab Revolt: planned , –, –; –; beliefs –; marriage ; aims , , –, ; spirit –; under Turkish rule –, –, and British Government –; –; TEL living among –, Wingate and , ; date fixed –, –, , , ; in ; first battle, Medina , , Turkish army , , , , , –, ; discredited in view of , , , ; in Syria –, , British –; Hejaz opposition to –; opinion of Turks , ; funds from Hussein , , , –; restlessness ; feeling ; history recounted by Feisal –; appearance ; capacity –; reasons –; assets for absolute ; see also Arab –, , , , ; campaign forces; Beduin; dress; nationalism prospects, –; preaching and nationality; Semites; Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Arabs, see also (contd ) tribes and Atatir , –, names of tribes Atban tribe , Arar, Wadi: railway attacked –; Ateiba tribe: at battle of Medina , bridge destroyed ; and Ageyl ; on railway Ard el Suwan, crossing the attack , ; war song –; Arethusa, HMS , ; Diary Feb. servant of Sultan –; (, ; Apr., June , ) Arfaja, Wadi Sirhan , , atonement – –; Diary May. Atwi: attacked – Aridh oasis , Auda Abu Tayi , ; Arish, el , , , , appearance ; character , Armenians: subject to Turks , ; –; TEL’s view of , ; deported and executed , ; career –; meets Feisal ; at and Anatolia ; in Syria , Wejh –, –; teeth ; , ; at Azrak ; at Tafileh plan to march to Akaba –, , ; watering camels at Bair , ; on march to Akaba , ; officer at Tell el Shehab –, , , , , , –, –, , , , –, Armistice –, , , –, –, armoured cars see Hejaz Armoured , , , , ; and Nuri Car Company ; at Ageila , ; resumes Arnoua, Wadi –; Diary May march , ; and Nasir ; tells story in camp ; TEL Arslan (soldier-servant) , , parodies story –; camped ; camel-riding –; falls with Nasir –; visits son’s behind grave ; at Bair –, ; at art, Arab Jefer ; sings on march ; at artemis orthia – battle of Aba el Lissan –, Arwa, sub-section of Harb ; march resumed , –; Asaaf: death returned to Guweira , ; Ashraf , negotiates with Turks , –, Asi ibn Atiyeh ; TEL confronts –; (); Asia: TEL’s vision of development camped at Jefer –, –; – deals with tribal discontent , asparagus ; at Jurf ; at Tafileh , Assad Shukair, Imam ; at Waheida , ; Assaf, Haurani peasant: in TEL’s reconciled with TEL ; at Aba bodyguard , el Lissan , ; at Azrak ; Assyria takes Ghazale , ; (, astronomy – ); at Tafas , ; at Jebel Ataman Mania , ; at Damascus Atara area , , ; Diary Apr. –, ; ill. Auda ibn Zuweid: plunders Index
Stotzingen mission ; at Wadi from ; (, , , , , Hamdh ); cars arrive at ; (, , Auda the Amrani ); ICC at –; troops set off Ausaji, Wadi , , , for , –, ; aeroplanes at Australian forces ; attitude to ; TEL arrives, Sept. –; Arabs ; prisoners on train ; Allied camp –, –; in Imperial Camel Brigade ; troops arrive –; march out ordered to Damascus ; air ; hospital –; TEL at, Sept. pilots –, ; in camp at –, –; Diary Nov. Kiswe , ; advance to ; Aug. ; Sept. , Damascus ; at Damascus , , , , Australians , , , Baalbek , Austrians: in wrecked Turkish train Bagdad , , , Bagdad Railway autonomy movement – Bair –; Annad’s tomb ; Awad, Sherari camel-boy: scouting wells exploded –, ; (, with TEL –; in TEL’s , , –, , ); Zebn bodyguard –; at Mertaha Sukhur camped at –; (, ; (); feud with Ahmed , , ⁾; ICC at –; wells ; (); fights and is punished crowded ; (, , , ); –; () ICC return to ; (); Diary Awaisit, oasis June, Oct. ; Nov. ; Awali, suburb of Medina: sacked by Aug., Sept. Turks ; Eshref escapes from Bair, Wadi , , , , , Ayesha, daughter of Jellal el Lel ; Diary June Aziz el Masri: early negotiations Baje, Wadi with British ; in Turkish army Balkan War , , , , ; forms Arab Regular band, brass, Hejaz –, , army at Rabegh , , , , Barada, in Damascus , , , ; on visit to Jidda , barefoot, going , , , , , , , , Azmi, Adjutant-General at barley , , , Damascus Barrow, Major-General Sir George Azrak , , , , , ; de S. , , , ; at Deraa described , , ; plans to –, ; marches to Damascus keep as desert base , , , , , , ; marching to ; fort , Bartholomew, Brigadier-General , –, , , , ; William H., RA , –, , Arabs move in , ; mosque , , , , , , , ; Arab base –, , , , , , ; ghostly dogs ; Basra , , machine-gun section withdrawn Basri Pasha , Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Basta , , , ; Diary Feb. Mudowwara , ; at Hallat Ammar ; and Imperial Camel Batn Corps Batra , , , , , , Beni Ayub ridge , , , , ; Diary Oct. Beni Hassan tribe , , , , bayonets Beni Hillal tribe , Bedawi, the Beni Ibrahim Juheina , Bedr ibn Shefia , Beni Sakhr tribes: wells , ; Bedri el Azm fight over camel ; close to Beduin , , , ; breed camels Feisal ; under Ali ibn el ; creed –; raid villages , Hussein , (); at Bair , ; and AR , ; law ; –, ; TEL rides among fighting qualities –, ; fear , ; on railway raids –, of unknown ; hospitality to , –, , , ; (, TEL’s party –; endurance , ); raid Jurf el Derawish ; appetites ; manners –; (); at Themed , –; feud with Druses ; ; plans for, Apr. ; offer water priorities ; confront co-operation to Bols , , TEL –; at Mreigha ; loot ; (); attack Hesa ; (, Tell el Shahm ; see also Arabs; , ); dispute with Howeitat raiding parties; tribes and names of –; Sept. , ; barley tribes purchased from ; Zebn Beni Beersheba , –, , , Sakhr , , , ; make , , , ; British at ; offer to British GHQ ; see also Arabs from , ; TEL in Faiz Beni Sakhr; Zebn Sukhur –; Diary Feb. Beni Salem Harb clan , –, , Behjet Pasha Beidha , Beni Wahab Beisan , Beyrout , –, ; American Belga ; tribes , –, college ; rugs from ; (, Belisarius ); Arabs occupy ; expelled Bell, Gertrude , Belluwi, member of the Billi tribe, Biasha see Bisha Billi tribe , , –, , ; Benaiah ibn Dughmi swear fealty to Feisal , ; Bender, foster-brother of Rahail Harb raid camels of ; at Wejh – , , , ; (); Wabsi, Beni Ali tribe: negotiate with Turks tribesmen of the Wabsah, a sub-section of the Billi ; Waish Beni Amr tribe Billi, subsection of the Billi Beni Atiyeh tribe , , , , Bir Abbas , , , , ; wells , ; at Bir Derwish , , , Index
Bir el Adheimat –; take Mezerib –; at Bir el Amri ; Diary Mar., Apr. Nisib –, ; relations with TEL –, ; punished for Bir el Emir, Ammari default at Nisib , ; at Um el Bir el Fagir ; Diary May Serab ; at Tafas ; see also Bir el Murra names Bir el Sheikh , , , Bokhara Bir el Waheidi Diary Jan. ; Bols, Major-General Sir Louis , water supply , , , , , , , ; Bir Fueis personality Bir ibn Hassani , –, , , bombing raids: by Allies , , (Maan –), (Aba el Lissan Bir Nasif , ), (on railway ), (Katraneh Bir Said , ; Turks raid –; ), (Mudowwara ), (Deraa (, , , ); Arabs rush , , ); by Turks (at ; () Guweira , ), (at Wadi Hesa Bir Salem station , –, ), , (Wadi Arar , birds , , , ; ostriches ), (TEL’s bodyguard –), ; see also eggs (after aerodrome attack ), Biseita plain –, (Umtaiye ), (Mafrak , ) Bisha, Wadi bombs: explosion in Wejh camp Bisher, Roman guardhouse – Bisha [Bishawis], sherifian retainers bones, broken – from Wadi Bisha tribe , , books and manuscripts : Arabic, , , , , –; at destroyed ; luxury ; TEL Azrak , carries with him ; see also Blaidat, the , , Koran; Malory, Thomas; poetry; Blunt, Wilfred Scawen and Lady Seven Pillars of Wisdom Anne Blunt Boreida , bodyguard, TEL’s: dispute with Borton, Brigadier-General A. E., Austrian officers ; men Royal Highlanders , – selected –; work –; as Boseiri hills , TEL’s property ; paired with Bosra , local raiders ; dress , ; Bosra Eski Sham at Azrak , ; strengthened Bowat when Turks offer reward for TEL Boyle, Captain William H. D., RN: –, –; payment , ; character ; first meets TEL ; camels –; behaviour –; (, ); sends ships to Yenbo careers ; espionage ; at ; (, ); promises Hardinge Tafileh , ; discipline ; as depot ship ; at Um Lejj ; (); ride out of Akaba ; meets Feisal –; and Hardinge (); escort ICC ; arrive at , , Azrak, Sept. ; bombed brass band, Turkish –, , Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Bray, Captain N. N. E. British Empire , Brémond, Colonel Edouard , , British Government: and planning ; meets TEL –; (); of AR , –, , –, , ; denies guns to Arabs ; supplies funds and support –, discusses Akaba with TEL –; , , , , , , –, meets Feisal –; letter to , , ; outbreak of WWI Abdulla ; (, ) ; Dardanelles , ; military Bright, Sgt , policy ; Arabs’ view of , ; British: abroad –; see also intentions towards Arabs –, Englishmen –; policy re Medina –; British Army , ; officers in and peace negotiations with Arabia ; TEL’s role in ; in Turkey –; colonial policy Mesopotamia –; liaise with ; see also Foreign Office; War Feisal ; and Akaba –; Office working with Arabs , , , Brodie, Captain S. H., RA ; o.c. , –, , , , , Ten-Pounder Talbot Battery ; , –, , , , , at Tell el Shahm , , , ; on Suez Canal ; on , ; at Mudowwara – Allenby’s appointment ; Brooke, Cpl. W. H. see Stokes compared with Egyptian ; Bruka , –, , discipline , –; rations see Brusa under food and drink; surround Buaisiri Deraa ; soldiers (Arab boy’s Bugaa view of ), (TEL’s view of , Bugum tribe –): Bulgaria ; surrenders to Allies • Sections: Devon Territorials ; Bulgars GHQ (Cairo –, ), Burmester, Admiral Sir Rudolf (Palestine , , , , , Buseira Pass , , ); Machine Gun Corps Buseira village , , , ; , see also Hejaz Armoured Car Diary Feb. Company; Inland Water bustards Transport , ; medical Butm, Wadi el , , ; Diary major at Damascus ; Nov. mountain-gun section , ; Butmeh , quartermasters –, –; Buwat , Service Corps , –, see also Buweib, the , , , Hejaz Armoured Car Company; Buxton, Colonel Robert ; Supply Staff ; Yeomanry , personality , ; sent to , , (Middlesex ); see also Arabia with ICC ; riding with Gurkhas; Hejaz Armoured Car ICC , ; at Akaba ; takes Company; Imperial Camel Corps; Mudowwara , –; at Jefer Military Intelligence Department, –; at Bair –, ; Cairo; Royal Flying Corps pursues Shammar raiders ; Index
adapts ICC for Arabia; on ICC females –; dislike of isolation ride to Kissir –; on return to ; raided ; on marches , Azrak –; at Kussair el Amruh –; wandering ; in fighting –; at Azrak fort ; on , ; knee-haltered ; march to Bair ; see also pasturing , , ; charge Imperial Camel Corps ; casualties in battle ; cross Sinai desert –; Kubri camp Caemmerer, Rudolf von ; endurance –; after train Cairo, Egypt ; Citadel ; wreck , –, –, ; Savoy Hotel –, ; TEL on (); night-travelling , , holiday , ; Arab base in, ; wet ; on mud , ; ; Diary Jan., Feb. ; in winter , , , , , July, Aug. ; Dec. , –; rousing ; in snow , Mar. ; Apr., May, June, , –; and horses , , Jul. ; Oct. ; see ; convoy –; chewing also Military Intelligence cud ; transport and training Department, Cairo of , ; bombed , , cakes, spiced , –; shot when abandoned camel markets , : Camel Transport Corps, Egyptian • Individuals, owners and , breeders: Ageyl treatment of camel-flies , , ; Ali ibn el Hussein’s ; camels: bred by Beduin ; in provided for Arab Army , ; drift-sand ; riding , , (styles Auda’s unbroken ; Baha , ), (while asleep ); watering , ; of Bishi ; of , , , , ; (, ); bodyguard ; Dheraiyeh ; of food, feeding and grazing , , Dhumaniyeh ; Farraj’s, after , , , , , , , his death –; Ghazala , , , , , (learning to , , , , , , (after graze , , , ), , losing calf ); of Howeitat ; ; in mass ; on march to ICC treatment of –; el Jedhah Wejh , –, , , –, , , ; TEL’s gifts (from ; stale on TEL ; pads , Ali , ), (from Feisal , , ; deaths on marches , , ), (from Dakhil-Allah’s –, , , ; dismounting wife ); Mirzuk’s ; Naama from ; in storm –; races , , (TEL shoots beneath , –; practical jokes with him –); of Nowasera ; ; mange –, , ; on Obeyd ; Sherari , ; steep hill-path ; killed and Sirhani , ; Somali ; eaten –, , , , , Turks’ ; Wodheiha –, (calf, seethed ), (as food , –, –, (crossing river ), , , ), ; droppings (pulls TEL from river ), ; pull telegraph poles ; (glory –); Yusuf’s dyed : Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Camels, Individuals, owners and cipher , breeders: (contd ) see also Circassians , –, , , Egyptian Camel Transport , ; immigrants to Syria ; Corps; Imperial Camel Corps Turks send from Mafrak – camel-saddles and bags , –, clans ; see also names Clarke, General camel-staling, as hair-dressing Clausewitz, Carl von , , , camel-ticks , , , camp routine – Clayton, Brigadier-General Sir Campbell, Major-General Sir Gilbert F., RFA ; character and Walter –, influence ; negotiations with cars: at Wejh –; Arabs’ view of Hussein ; in Cairo MID , , ; sand-driving ; Fords , , –, , ; TEL brings , ; Feisal’s Vauxhall , news of Akaba , , ; , ; luxury travel ; water (, , ); at Beersheba ; for radiators ; petrol supplies (, , , ) , ; see also Hejaz Armoured clothing see dress; uniform, military Car Company; Talbot Battery Cochrane, Capt J. W. Carson (of RASC) – coffee: in Feisal’s camp , , Caslon typeface , ; for Ibrahim Pasha Mill Caucasus , , ; preparation , , , Chaabneh, the ; served ; at Bir el Emir Chasib el Lehawi Chauvel, Major-General Henry G.: colocynth (plant) – at Salt ; Allenby orders to Constantinople: education in ; Damascus , ; (); Hussein and sons in , , , advancing on Damascus , , , ; Eshref in ; () , , ; meets TEL at convicts Damascus –; entry to Cornwallis, Colonel Kinahan, Damascus –; at Damascus Special List , ; personality , , , , –, Chaytor, Major-General Sir Edward Cousse, Commandant , , , cows Chetf, Wadi Cox, Major C. H. F., RFA Chetwode, Lieutenant-General Sir creation –; imaginative Philip , , , , , self-expression children , –, ; Crocker, Captain procreation , ; killed at Croil, RFC pilot Tafas Ctesiphon, Mesopotamia Christianity and Christians , , Cyrus , , , , ; development –; love ; Syrian , Daher, Sherari boy , , , –, , , Index
Dahoum Dardanelles campaign , , , Dakhil-Allah el Kadhi: character and appearance ; leads Turks Darraj, el, Khubt to Yenbo , , ; (, , dates: eaten , , (green , ); on railway raids , ), ; grown ; northerly, –, ; in camp with red Abdulla –; wife Daud: first appeals to TEL ; Dalmeny, Lieutenant-Colonel Lord beaten by Saad ; becomes TEL’s servant ; on march to Damascus, Syria , , , , Akaba , , , , ; , ; described , ; on dyes Yusuf’s camel ; on outbreak of WWI –, ; Feisal railway raids , , , detained in by Jemal –, , –, ; at Azrak , ; , ; Arab nationalists leave death – , ; TEL’s goal , , ; Davenport, Major W. A., West Nesib’s immediate goal –; Yorkshire Regiment , , pretended Arab target –; Dawahir clan trains leaving ; Arab allies in dawn ; merchants from, with gifts Dawnay, Lieutenant-Colonel Alan ; goal , ; plans to take G. C., Coldstream Guards ; –; railways to be cut ; character ; at Guweira , Allenby’s plans for taking , ; in Cairo –; in Akaba , –, –, ; Barrow , ; returns to MID ; marches to , ; TEL rides to reports to Feisal ; in Guweira ; Arab advance to ; Feisal’s , –; science –; in committee in –, ; armoured car raid –; Germans and Turks leave ; success –; with TEL at TEL arrives –; Arab GHQ , (–); with TEL at celebration and administration GHQ –, ; (); devises –; Chauvel arrives –; plan for ICC operations –; setting up government and (, ); at Aba el Lissan with services –, ; rebellion Feisal , , ; (, , –; Hotel Victoria ; , , , , ); with hospitals –, –; normality TEL and Hogarth, ill. restored –; Feisal and Dawnay, Brigadier-General Guy P. Allenby arrive ; TEL leaves –, , , , ; , ; TEL in, Oct. ill.; personality – Allenby arrives ill.; Feisal in ill.; Dead Sea , , , ; plans Diary Oct. for Arabs to reach , –, Dana village , , ; Arabs close down Turkish dances, sword- marine traffic Darausha clan , , , , death: Arab attitude to , –, ; in battle, necessity for –; Seven Pillars of Wisdom death (contd ) certainty of ; detachment – leisure ; of wounded men ; Dhaba –, ; Diary June sought in combat ; desired –; in AR –; to spare Dhahal, Wadi –; Diary Feb. the wounded , , ; and uniform ; in Damascus Dhaif-Allah, Wabsi –, hospital Dhaif Allah Abu Tiyur , , Deedes, Sir Wyndham H. , , Dhakiyeh hills degradation , ; see also Dhat el Haj , punishment Dheilan, head man of the Darusha Delagha , , , Deraa: station , ; market ; Dherwa, Wadi railway junction , ; TEL Dhiab el Auran, Sheikh of Tafileh explores area –; TEL enters , , , , town –; aerodrome , , Dhib –; TEL in hands of Turks in Dhibat clan –; expedition sets off for Dhifran, Jebel: skirmish – , ; plans to take –, Dhifran pass –, , Diary Jan. –, , , –, , , , –, ; railways to ; Dhirwa, Wadi , , , , bombed ; railways blocked ; Diary Nov. , –, ; preparations, Dhuheil, Wadi , Sept. ; magistrates offer to Dhuleil ; bridge , TEL ; hostilities , ; Dhulm ; Diary Jan. Turks’ reserves at ; Allies force Dhumaniyeh tribe: attack Fuweilah evacuation ; Turks prepare to , –; abandon Aba el evacuate ; police as prisoners Lissan ; threaten mutiny , of Arabs ; Turks moving ; rejoin TEL ; attack north from –; Trad takes railway ; see also Gasim Abu –; TEL returns to –; Dumaneik British prepare to attack ; Dhurmush, Turkish officer – bombed by British ; Barrow at dialects , , , –; Arab administration diary and notebooks, TEL’s , –; TEL remains at –; ; diary quoted – Diary Sept. Dionysus of Tarsus dervishes: at Damascus diplomatic amenities – Derwish well , , , Diraa, Wadi , , desert –, , ; life in –, , discipline: TEL’s bodyguard –; , –; people of –, –; military , –; see also property in ; driving in ; punishment storms ; solitude ; see also disease ; in Turkish army ; see Beduin; tribes; wells; place names also dysentery; fever Index disguise east and west – Disi , , ; Diary Apr., May eating manners –, eclipse of the moon Dizad Edom doctrinaire illusions – eggs, ostrich , –, dogs , , Egypt: Survey of ; see also Cairo; dolerite , Suez dough cake , Egyptian Army ; section sent Doughty, Charles Montague , from Sudan –, ; at Bir Abbas –; Krupp guns from , , Dowsett, Captain S. G., HACC , ; troops at Rabegh ; (MGC) , section under Rasim , ; Dowson, Ernest: ‘Impenitentia cars from , see also Hejaz Ultima’ quoted – Armoured Car Company; on dress: Arab , –, , (Abdulla Beersheba front ; (); ), (headdress –, , ), compared to British , , (worn by TEL , , , , –; discipline , ; rations , , ); of dead enemies ; Camel Transport Corps ; –; TEL’s bodyguard ; at Tell el Shahm , –; TEL exchanges with Ali –; (); sent to Tafileh ; at disguise ; Rualla chiefs ; see Azrak ; at Wadi Arar –, also uniform, military ; returned to Akaba , ; Driver, Corporal – () drugs Egyptian Expeditionary Force: Druse, Jebel , , , , , XXth Corps Conference , , , Egyptian Pilgrimage Road , , Druse tribes , , , , , , ; Northern ; Southern ; endurance , , –, –, at Damascus , –, –, , , ; camels’ – England: Arabs’ view of Dufferin, HMS: at Yenbo , , Englishmen , , , –, , ; (, ); sent to Akaba , ; Arabs’ view of , , , ; returns ; Diary July , –, –, ; courage ; in Middle East –, –; Durham, John Lambton, Earl of see also British Durzi ibn Dughmi , , , entertainment, in camp , Enver Pasha , ; with Feisal at duty –, Medina –; (, ); orders dysentery –, , , , , Turks to withdraw from Medina , ; (, ); rifle presented to Feisal ; at earthquake Sharkeui – ease epic – Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Erha, the , , Faris, Rualla sheikh , Erwa Farraj: beaten by Saad , ; Erzeroum becomes TEL’s servant ; on Eshref Bey – march to Akaba , , , Espiègle, HMS (guard-ship) , , , ; dyes Yusuf’s camel Essad, tomb of ; on railway raids , , essential oils of flowers , , , –, ; at Euphrates river , , , Azrak , ; on death of Daud Euryalus, HMS , , –; disguised as woman ; Evans, Brigadier-General E. , death –; his camel – , Fasoa , Eve’s tomb –, Fatima Ezraa station ; Talal takes Fatma river Fauzan el Harith, Sherif , , Fagair, Wadi Hamdh , , , Fagir, el, well Fawaz el Faiz, Beni Sakhr leader Fahad, Sherif , –, – Fahad el Hansha, Sheikh – fear , , , , Fahad el Zebn, son of Trad: career feasts and feasting –, ; and character ; joins TEL , Howeitat , –, –; with ; on Yarmuk raid , , Auda and Nasir –; Beni , , –, –, ; Sakhr ; Serahin –; at wounded , ; (); at Themed – Azrak Feilding, Lieuenant The Hon. Fahdah clan Everard F. Faiz Beni Sakhr clan , , , Feisal ibn Hussein, Sherif: , , ; confront TEL appearance and dress –, ; – nature –; speech –; Faiz el Ghusein: early career , character , ; method of ; at Rabegh ; in Feisal’s command –, ; appetite camp at Yenbo , , ; –; ease ; powers of visits Nuri –; at Wejh ; in judgement –; relations with Lejah ; preaching Hussein , , , , ; Fakhri en din Pasha, Turkish relations with TEL –, : Commander: at Medina , –, • Life: early years in ; at Rabegh , ; at Nakhl Constantinople –, , ; Mubarak , ; (, , , returns to Hejaz , , –; , ) fostering AR –, ; detained in Falkenhayn, General Erich von , Damascus –, ; starts AR at Medina , –; camped in Fara Jebel Subh , , ; fighting at Faraifra ; station destroyed ; Kheif ; meets Wilson ; Turks counter-attack TEL first meets –; TEL with Index at Hamra –, –, , –; ; at Um el Surab ; at Deraa gives account of AR –; as ; secret committee in leader of AR , , –, ; Damascus , ; government saying farewell ; camped in of to be set up in Damascus , Wadi Yenbo , , –; , , ; arrives at Damascus fighting at Nakhl Mubarak , , ill.; meets Allenby – ill.; at Yenbo –, ; Fejr, Wadi , – army entering Yenbo ill.; plan to Fejr district , , , ; march on Wejh , –, Beduin of ; well , –; –, –; converts and Diary May. collects tribes ; returns to Ferhan el Aida, son of Motlog , Nakhl Mubarak ; evacuation of Yenbo –; march resumed Fershah, el –; Diary Apr. , –; camped at Semna –; on march , ; Fetah society , , , camped at Gelib , , –; fetishism tribes swear allegiance to –, feuds –, –, –, , , , , –; camped at , , , ; composed by Wejh , , , –, Feisal –; settled by TEL –, ill.; appoints Jaafar ; among TEL’s bodyguard Commander-in-Chief , ; and Brémond –; and Nuri fever, TEL suffers –, , , ; and Auda ; preaching , , , , , ; , , –; plans march to Beduin treatment of Akaba –, ; languages ; fighting de luxe – transferred to Allenby’s command finances: funds from Hussein , , –, , ; TEL rejoins after , ; wages , , –, ; Akaba victory ; at Akaba , funds from British , , , , , , ; at Guweira , , –, , ; , ; at Akaba, Aug. ; ‘promises to pay’ notes , ; at Waheida –; at Aba el trade ; at Damascus Lissan , –, ; after firewood (fuel) , , , , failure of Salt raid –; spreads , , ; ; for railway AR –; and June plan ; and plan for final assault on fish: as ‘mean’ food ; at Hamdh Deraa ; at Jefer ; in peace ; bombed –; shot negotiations with Turkey –; Fitenna tribe (); resigns when Hussein Fitzmaurice, Captain R., RN: sets up denies Jaafar’s Generalship ; wireless station drives through troops ; flies , , , ; camel- , supremacy restored –; at ; horse- –, Azrak , , , , , Foch, Ferdinand , , , , ; driven to Um el Surab –, , , , Seven Pillars of Wisdom food and drink: dough kneaded , French troops: at Suez , ; at ; carried in desert , –, Akaba , , , , ; shot in Fura, Wadi –, desert , , , , , , futility – ; in Feisal’s camps –, Fuweilah fort , –, , , ; considered mean ; at ; Diary July Wejh ; bully beef , , –, ; in spring ; camels Gaa , , , see also giaan killed for –, , , , Gaha , ; in Nasir’s camp , Galilee , , , ; ; samh –, ; seethed Christianity ; Turks retreat camel-calf ; parched-corn in from desert –; sheep stolen and Gallipoli campaign , , , eaten ; supply caravans , Gara, Wadi –; Diary Mar. , ; in Akaba –; of Sherarat ; of Serahin –; Garland, Major Hubert G., Indians’ diet , , ; at Egyptian Army ; character Azrak ; TEL’s habits ; –; gives instruction in Syrian, booty from raid ; in explosives –, ; makes Tafileh ; army rations , aerodrome ; (); Yenbo , , –, , , ; defences –; railway attacks Egyptian Army ; booty from , –, , Mezerib raid ; in Damascus Gasim Abu Dumeik, head of the army store-houses ; see also Dhumaniyeh: in attack on Aba el alcohol; coffee; dates; eating Lissan ; at Rum –, , manners; eggs; feasts and feasting; , gazelle; hunger; milk; tea; thirst; Gasim el Shimt –, , vegetable crops; water Gasim of Maan ; lost –; footwear ; going barefoot , found – , , , , , Gattar Foreign Office, British , , Gaza: Murray attacks , , , Foweida clan of Juheina , , ; Allenby takes ; Fox, HMS , Diary Dec. France: colonial policy , , , gazelle , , ; shot , , ; and Sykes–Picot Agreement ; eaten , , , ; –, ; attitude to AR , chased by cars , ; policy towards Syria Gelib , , , ; Feisal , camps at –; Diary Jan. free-will – French, the gelatine and gelignite: used for French Military Mission in Hejaz cooking fires , ; used to , , , block wells –; used in railway French North Africa raids , , , see also mines; Index
used to catch fish – goats , –, genealogy, tribal , , God ; of negations –; see Georges-Picot, François , also religion German East Africa Godwin, Brigadier-General C. A. C., German forces: on Western front Indian Army , , , , ; as allies of Turks Goltz, Friedrich Wilhelm Colmar , , ; withdrawn from von der , , , Tafileh ; lorries at Mezerib Goslett, Captain Raymond G., ; Yilderim army , ; at RASC, supply officer , , , Tell el Shehab –, , ; , aircraft –; at Mafrak ; Graham, Sir Ronald – retreating from Deraa ; leave gramophones Damascus Graves, Captain Philip German missions to Turkey ; Greek culture Stotzingen, von , Greeks , , Germans: immigrants to Syria Green, H. R. RASC (HACC) Germany: on outbreak of WWI , Greenhill, Second-Lieutenant E. S. , MGC (HACC) , Ghadaf, the , , , , , Gregory, General , , , , ; Diary June, Grey, Sir Edward Aug. ; Aug. Grisenthwaite, Lieutenant A. G. Ghadir el Abyadh –, ; Diary MGC (HACC) , Nov. grossness of towns Ghadir el Haj station: exploded guesting, arab –, ; see also –; (); Nuri takes ; (, feasts and feasting ) guest-masters , – Ghalib Bey , Gufa Ghalib el Beidawi Guibert de Nogent , Ghar, Wadi guns and rifles: Turks use at Medina Gharandel ; Arab fear of , ; Egyptian Gharija village Army Krupps , , , ; Ghassan , , shooting , , ; Arabs Ghazale station , , ; Auda desire ; supplies at Rabegh ; takes supplied to Arabs , –, , Ghor el Safieh , ; Diary Feb. , , , , , ; Arab maintenance of , ; Ghowashia palm-grove transport –, ; Arab Ghutti machine-gun companies , Giaan, the , –; Turkish, range ; Giaan el Khunna , , ; training for –, ; Arab use Diary Sept. of –; at Tafileh , ; Gilman, Lieutenant L. H., MGC taken from Turks ; see also (HACC) , –, Hejaz Armoured Car Company Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Gurkhas: on railway raids , ; Hamdan el Saih returned to Akaba , , ; Hamdh, Wadi , , –, , () , , , –, , Guweira plain , , , , –; Diary Apr., May ; Auda camped at , , (Turks advance on ), –, Hamed the Moor , , ; (Turks bomb , ), (in snow kills member of Ageyl ; shot ); (TEL at , –, , by TEL ); driving over ; (, ); Hameida clan of Juheina Diary July, Sept. ; Dec. Hamid el Rifada , , , Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr. Hamid Fakhri Pasha , Hamilton, Alexander Guweira post: negotiations with Hamman, Wadi , –, Hamra village: Feisal at , –, gypsies , –; (); Turks invade ; (, , ) Haamad el Mangara , Hamud, Feisal’s slave , ; Haamad el Tagtagi , death Habban see Sherm Habban Hanbag, Wadi Hadhodha hand-to-hand combat – Hadhramaut Hannibal Hadi , , , , –; Harb tribes: around Rabegh, Diary Aug. doubtful loyalties , –, , , Hadra , ; rivalries –; Emir ; Hafira, Wadi , , , , routed at Nakhl Mubarak , , , ; Diary May. , ; Feisal collects ; harry Turkish rear ; on march Hai, tribes of to Wejh ; snipers ; in Haifa , , , attack on Wejh ; (, ); Hail, capital of ibn Rashid , , see also Beni Salem Harb clan; Masruh Harb clan hair: Arab styles ; in tombs Hardinge, Charles, st Baron Haj, el , Hardinge of Penshurst, Viceroy of Hajar India Hajim Bey –, –, Hardinge, HMS , ; as depot Halil Pasha ship , –, , , , Hallat Ammar: Arabs raid , , –; at Wejh , –, ; ; armoured car raid –; (, ); Feisal guest on Marshall raids , ; Turks –; Diary Jan. ; Aug. reoccupy Hama, Syria , –, Harim Hamd el Arar ibn Jazi , , , Harith, el , , , , Harith, Shepherd King Index
Harrat el Aweirid (volcanic plain) Heidan ; Diary July – Heiran, Jebel , , , Hasa Heiran, Wadi – Hasaida, Wadi Heiwat Hashimite Regiment Hejaia tribe Hassan, Haurani peasant: in TEL’s Hejaz Armoured Car Company bodyguard ; death (HACC): at Wejh , –; Hassan Bey, A. D. C. sand-driving ; role in AR , Hassan Chowish ; roads made , , –; Hassan Shah, Jemadar: at Hemme exploring plain ; at Guweira –; offers tea ; at Shedia ; railway raiding –; at –; rides for Tell el Shehab Wadi Murra ; at Guweira ; at Azrak , , , –; attack Tell Shahm –; Hassan Sharaf, doctor , , (–, ); expedition to Azrak –; at Azrak ; Hatmal, Sukhur chief –, , return journey –; motoring joyfulness –, , ; tyres hats, European , , ; with ICC ; Hauptmann, Gerhart touring about –; lust of Hauran, el, plateau , , , speed –; car left at Ammari , , , ; railways , ; recovered ; drive to Aba , , ; planned operation, el Lissan –; tea in desert ; ; railways to be cut ; at Azrak, Sept. ; raid (, , –, –, ) railway –, –; Haurani people , , , ; breakdown and repair –; cars join Feisal ; in TEL’s stuck in soil –; on railway bodyguard , ; punishment raids –; attack Turkish ; plans for reaching Jericho, aerodrome –; bombed ; June ; on railway raid ; petrol tank shot ; railway raids at Mezerib , ; at Umtaiye –, , –; Blue Mist ; (, ); report to Um el tender , , ; experience Surab ; () in Hejaz ; arrive at Damascus Hausa Hawara ; Diary Sept. ; Hejaz Command, Turkish: brass Dec band –, , Hawarneh Hejaz province , , ; on Hawazim clan outbreak of WWI ; AR Hazaa, Sherif , , –, , prepared in ; campaign in , –; arab affairs go wrong Hazim, near Azrak , , ; Arab rule restored –; heat-stroke – opposition to AR ; compared Hedia , , , , , to Syria ; politics in, , Hegagish people ; see also place names Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Hejaz Railway: Turkish project ; Hejelah clan Turks control , , ; Turks Hejris, Feisal’s slave , , , defend and maintain , , – , , ; Garland attacks Hellal mountain , –; Arab attacks planned Hemeid: in TEL’s bodyguard , , ; attacks and attempts – – (Aba el Naam –), –, Hemme bridge, Yarmuk valley (Madahrij –), , , , –, , , –, , –, –, (Arabs Henakiyeh , , , , cross –), –, (Minifir , Henderson, Flight Lieutenant T., , ), (Atwi –), (Ghadir RE el Haj –), (planned –, Hermon, Mount , , –), – (train mined Hesa, Wadi , , –; battle –, ), , –, (train in –, , , , ; mined –), , (Yarmuk (–, ); railway , ; valley , –), line crossed Nasir at –, ; TEL at ; –, , , , –, bombed –, ; Turks evict –, (Kilo. bridge ), Nasir ; (); Diary May. (Kilo. bridge – Turks repair , armoured train passes –, Hesa station: Nasir attacks – ); (train mined –), (plans Hesban, Jordan valley ; Diary re, Dec. , ), (with Feb. armoured cars –), (Jurf el Hesma ; Diary Sept., Oct Derawish –), (Shobek ), (Allenby’s view of , ), Hesna hills (Amman , ), (Jerdun Heswa valley –), (Ghadir el Haj ), Heteym race , , , ; (Maan –), (plans for using shepherd boy –, –, armoured cars –), (Tell el Hilmi Bey Shahm –), (Ramleh –, Hira ), (Mudowwara –), Hisha: forest ; railway ; (finally shattered, Maan– Turkish post Mudowwara ), (northward Hogarth, David George: personality from Maan , –), ; in Cairo MID , ; at Bir (bombed –), , , , Salem –; with TEL and (Hesa –), (Faraifra , ), Dawnay, ill. , , , (Ifdein –), Holdich, Colonel, Chief of EEF (Deraa lines , –, ), Intelligence (Mafrak –), (Haurani ), Holy War (Jehad) proclaimed by (cross north of Umtaiye , Turks –, , , ), (damage north of Umtaiye) homosexuality , –, –, ; at Abu Taka ill.; see also – names of stations Homs, Syria , – Index honour , , –, , ; well , , ; at Sheikh Saad affair of ; see also Abu Tageiga; Abu honours and decorations , , Tayi; Jazi; Toweiha Howeitat , clan Horeik Huber, Charles Hornby, Captain H. S., RE ; Hubsi, the, Auda’s cousin , , attacking railway , , –, , , , , , , Hudheil tribe , , –, , , ; working Humber, HMS: at Akaba , ; with Arabs –, Christmas dinner on horse-flies –, hunger –, , horses , , , , ; Husb captured from Turks ; and Hussein, el, Sherif, Harithi camels , , ; see also Hussein Abu Naif , mares Hussein el Atrash, Druse chieftain Hoshan , , Houl, el, plain –, Hussein ibn Ali el-Aun, Sherif, Emir Howeimil, cousin of Zaal , of Mecca; personality , –, – , ; held in Constantinople Howeitat tribe , , , , ; prelude –; upbringing of , ; dialect –; song ; sons –, ; returns to Mecca, on march to Akaba –, , on outbreak of WWI –; fosters , (sought at Wadi Fejr –), AR –, ; British negotiations , , , –, , ; in with , , , , ; relations battle of Aba el Lissan ; (); with Feisal , , , , hospitality –, –; swear ; rule of Hejaz, –, , fealty –; at Auda’s feast ; ; funds and supplies for AR , permission to travel through , ; telephone calls to Jidda country of ; danger from ; –, , ; pride in brass band letters sent to chiefs from Akaba –, ; Arabs’ regard for ; ; returned to Guweira and TEL meets ; and Jaafar ; around Maan –, ; and proposed transfer of Arab members cross Sinai with TEL Army to Allenby’s command , –; negotiate with Turks , ; refuses leave to army ; –; fear of air attack ; on asked to allow reinforcement of railway raids , , ; at Feisal’s forces , , , ; Guweira –; threaten mutiny and peace negotiations with –; at Rum , –; on Turkey , ; repudiates railway raids , , , , Jaafar’s command of Arab Army ; boy in Wadi Hafira ; –; area of influence ; (, , ); at Tafileh , apology sought from , –; ; ride from Guweira , ; proclaimed King in Damascus railway raids , , ; at Bair ; ill., Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Hussein ibn Mabeirig, Sheikh of Imperial Camel Corps (ICC): Rabegh: supports Turks , , saddles , ; in Sinai , , , , ; house looted , ; sent to Arabia –; disbandment –, , , ; lent to TEL –, ; ibex supplies for –, ; plan for ibn Bani, chief of the Serahin , raids by, July –, –, , , ; in Wadi Rum –; Ibn Bani of Hail (sword-smith) appearance ; take ibn Dakhil, Ageyl commandant Mudowwara , –; at Jefer , , , , ; mutiny –; at Bair , –, ; against , ; sent to Nuri , adapted to service in Arabia ; sends Abdulla el Nahabi to –; ride to Kissir –; TEL attack on Kissir bridge abandoned ibn Dgheithir, Ageyl chief , –; return to Azrak –; at –; character ; on march Azrak –; march to Bair to Akaba , , , – ibn Dughmi Imran ; Diary Sept. ibn Genj India: p.o.w.s from ; Islam in ibn Jad –, Indian Government: and AR , ibn Jazi Indian Ocean ibn Kaeber Indian troops: in Mesopotamia , ibn Mijlad ; machine-gunners – on ibn Muslim, Nasir’s secretary – railway raids –; camel- ibn Rashid, Emir , , , , riding –, , , , , , ; at Jefer ; at ibn Saud, Emir of Nejd , , Ammari –; at Tell el Shehab –, –; diet , , ibn Sheddad ; returned to base –; at ibn Shefia , , – Azrak , , ; withdrawn ibn Smeir from Azrak ; (); promised ibn Thawab for Arabia, May ; at ibn Zari, sword-smith Deraa , ; British attitude to ibn Zuhail ; retire from fracas at Jebel Ibrahim Abu Irgeig Mania , ; near Damascus Ibrahim Pasha Milli , , ideals of bliss – Indians: and Arabs , , , Idrisi, the (Sayid Muhammed ibn , ; TEL’s view of Ali; leader in Asir) insincerities – Ifdein plain , , , , ; ‘intrusive’ band – attempt to cut railway –, Irak , ; see also Mesopotamia , –; Diary June ; Iran Sept. Irbid hills , , , Index
Isawiya , , ; Diary May. Tafileh , , , , ; at Wadi Jinz Islam , ; and AR , ; Jebel (hill): place names beginning development ; Jehad –, , Jebel are entered under the second ; sects ; Young Turks and element , ; Jemal –; see also Koran Jeddah see Jidda Ismailia , –; Intelligence Jedida village Department , –; Diary Oct. Jefer, plain , , ; wells exploded , –; repaired Ithara –; (–, ); Auda Itm, Wadi , , –; described camped at –, , ; Nasir ; (, –, –, , , camped at , ; winds ; , ); roads built –; ICC (); Feisal and TEL with the in ; TEL rides back through Rualla at –; (, , , ; Ghazala (camel) in ; ); Diary June, Oct. ; Diary July, Aug., Sept., Oct. Nov. ; Aug. ; Nov., Dec., , Jan. ; Jehad (Holy War) –, , , Aug. Jeida , ; Diary July Jemajem well Jaafar Pasha: career –; Feisal Jemal (Lawrence refers mainly to appointed Arab Army Jemal Pasha, one of the principal Commander , ; (); at Turkish leaders, who commanded Akaba , ; at Tafileh , the Turkish Fourth Army and was ; in Feb. plans , , Governor and C-in-C of Syria. ; attacks Jerdun ; at Semna However, some references may be to ; attacks Maan –, ; Jemal Pasha Kuchuk (‘the Lesser’) awarded C.M.G. ; command or to Mehmed Jemal, a Turkish repudiated by Hussein ; commander at Maan): represses resigns ; achievement as Arab Arab nationalism –, , , , Army Commander –; Sept. ; detains Feisal in Damascus , –; message intercepted Jaala, El ;Diary May. ; and Auda ; (); attacks Jabar, Sherif Wadi Musa , ; on mined Jaffa train , , ; receives Abd Jaraman el Kader –; in Salt ; Jasim hill relieves Maan ; peace Jauf , , , , negotiations –; on train to Jaulan region of Yarmuk valley Palestine ; at Tafas , –, , , Jemil, gunner , , ; at Java Damascus Jazi Howeitat clan: at Wejh ; Jemil, Prince feud with Auda ; well at Bair Jerablus village , ; (); join AR ; at Jerba Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Jerdun station ; Jaafar takes character , ; career ; at –; Jemal attacks ; further Rabegh ; appointed attacks , ; Arabs take commanding officer at Akaba Jericho: plans to take –; held , ; at Akaba , , , by Turks ; taken by British ; expeditions in armoured cars ; (); dummy camp in –, –; at Guweira ; valley ; () at Tafileh –, , ; ill Jerjer hamlet –, ; at Aba el Lissan Jerusalem ; population ; –, , –, (plan for mediaeval ; Christianity ; raiding Deraa –, ), , Oct. ; Nov. , ; –, , ; armoured car (); fall ; British entry , expedition , –; at Azrak ; administration ; Beni fort ; (); at Aba el Lissan Sakhr chiefs at ; TEL in ; ; at Azrak base ; on Diary Feb. ; May railway raids –, –; (); at Tell Arar , ; at Jesha, Wadi , , , , Umtaiye base , , , ; Jews , –, , , at Azrak ; () Jezaa Abu Shaama Judea , Jidda , , ; described –; Judean hills French Military Mission ; Juheina tribe , , , , ; Storrs and TEL at , –, Sherifs escort TEL to Yenbo –; TEL returns to ; Hussein –; at Nakhl Mubarak , with TEL at –; TEL –; sent back to Wadi Yenbo telephones Hussein from ; , , ; ordered to Wasit Diary July, Aug. ; June –; ibn Bedawi seeks leadership –; Feisal converts Jidhwa ; clans ; see also Beni Jinz, Wadi el , , ; Diary Ibrahim Juheina, Rifaa Juheina Apr. Junor, Flight-Lieutenant Hugh: at Jirzil valley Akaba , ; solo aerial Jisr Benat Yakub combat –; in raid on Kilo. Jizil, Wadi , , , bridge –; attacks Turkish Jomini, Antoine-Henri de , aerodrome –; on railway Jordan Valley , ; population raids , – , ; plan to take –; Jurf, el –, , ; Diary Mar. TEL rides to ; Turks reopen ; June fords ; Allenby’s bridgehead Jurf el Derawish station , ; ; filled with sham troops , raided –, ; Tel at ; ; () Diary Apr. journalists: at Damascus – Joyce, Lieutenant-Colonel Pierce Kadem station C., Connaught Rangers ; Kaf , , Index
Kalaat el Muadhdham Khallaf el Mor, chief of Hegagith Kalaat el Sebeil Kalaat el Zerga khamsin (wind) – Kamaran Khan Zebib station Kaseim Arfaja ; Diary May. Kharaneh Kharma , Kaseim of Maiseri ; Diary May. Khartoum – Khau Kaseim of Wadi Sirhan Khauthilla Kasim , , Khazail, the Katia Khazen, servant , Katraneh/i , ; Turkish base Kheiber , ; (, , ); bombed ; Kheif, Wadi Safra , –, (, ) Kheif Hussein, Wadi Yenbo , Kerak village , ; rebellion , , ; supplies Turks , ; Khidr , (); Turkish troops sent to ; Khirbet el Ghazale see Ghazale (, , , ); lake-port station raided ; subsequently ; Khoreiba village –, , , attack planned , , ; Khoreisha country (); castle ; Trad and TEL Khoreisha tribe at –; (, , ) Khoreita, near Tebuk Kerbela , , Khubt, el , Kesir Khuff , Kethera post , Khuzail Khabr el Abid ; Diary Feb., Apr. Kibla (Hussein’s gazette) Kipling, Rudyard: ‘Rimini’ quoted Khabr Ajaj ; Diary May. Kirkbride, Lieutenant Alec: Khadra character ; meets TEL in Khaff , Tafileh ; at Damascus , Khaffaji, the, son of Nuri , , – Kissir , : ICC to ride to , Khaira , –, –; the ride Khaldi –; plan to attack bridge Khalfati hospital abandoned – Khalid, brother of Trad , , Kiswe , , , ; Diary ; pursuing Turks from Deraa Sept. , Kitan, Wadi , ; Diary Mar. Khalid, Wadi , , , Khalifas Kitchener, Field-Marshal H. H., st Khalil, Liathena sheikh Earl Kitchener , , , Khallaf, Turkish spy –, Koran , , ; Auda’s Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Kosseir Dawnay and Hogarth, ill.; in Kreim Damascus, Oct. ill. Kress, General von , Lawrence, William George: death Kseir el Hallabat , Diary Nov. leaders and leadership , ; Kubri Arab concept of ; see also Kühne, Moritz servitude, service and servility Kuneitra , ; Diary Oct. Lebanon , , , ; see also Beyrout Kunfida , Lebda Kuntilla post , , , ; Leja, the , Diary Aug. Lejun Kurdistan Les Baux de Provence Kurds , , , Levant , Kurkma, Jebel Levantines , , Kurna , Diary Jan. Lewis (Yells): personality ; sent Kurnub hills as artillery instructor –; at Kurr, el, oasis –; Diary May. Akaba ; rides with Arab party –, , –; at Rum , Kussair el Amruh , –; Diary , , ; on railway raids Aug. , , , –, , , Kut al-Amara, Mesopotamia: siege , , , ; returns to , –; surrender Egypt Kuweit , , Liathena tribe lice , , , , Lama, HMS , , ; Diary Mar. Liman von Sanders, General Otto , , , Lamotte, Sous-lieutenant Auguste Linberry, Lieutenant Commander T. H., RN , , , lava-fields , , –, –, Lisan promontory , Litani valley , Lawrence, Frank Helier: death lizards Lloyd, Captain G. A., Warwickshire Lawrence, St Yeomanry ; personality , Lawrence, Thomas Edward (TEL): –; in Cairo MID ; on private troubles –; th Yarmuk valley railway attack , birthday ; self-analysis –, –, , , – –; private motives and locusts ambition –; diary and love , notebooks , , (diary quoted loyalty –); Seven Pillars of Wisdom Ludd – (and diary , ); at Wejh, lust of speed – ill.; at Akaba ill.; with Lutfi el Asili , Index luxury and gain –, ; see Mahan, Alfred Thayer also ideals of bliss Mahmas Lyall, Lieutenant J. M. C. Mahmud II, Sultan of Turkey Lynden-Bell, Major-General Sir A. Mahmud, doctor, , , , –; personality , ; Mahmud of Turra, member of TEL meets in Cairo –; TEL’s bodyguard , , ; () at Nisib Lyttleton, Major: at Port Tewfik Mahmud Shefket – Maigua, Wadi Sirhan , Majalli sheikhs M. (naval monitor) Majid ibn Sultan Maan , , , ; station Malcolm, Neil ; plans to attack ; (, Malory, Thomas: Morte d’Arthur , ); Turkish garrison ; roads , blocked ; (, , , ); Mamelukes , , troops from ; Arabs threaten Mania, Jebel , , ; Turks defend ; bombed Marawin clan , ; Turks make special Mared, Wadi command –; Turks operating mares , , , , , from ; winds ; plans to markets: camel- , ; Wejh , attack , , , , ; , , , ; Jebel Shammar besieged , , , , , – , , ; station attacked Marmaris (Turkish gunboat) – Maronite sect , Maaza tribe Marrakh, Wadi – Mabeiuk hills marriage , MacIndoe, Captain J. D. , Marshall, Major W. E., RAMC ; MacRury character ; at Akaba , Madahrij station –, –; driving car ; (, , Madeba , , , ; Arab , ); takes Hallat Amar ; Regulars to move to ; Mirzuk with ICC ; at Mudowwara to hold ; Faiz Beni Sakhr to ; at Bair , ; (, , move to ; TEL visits ; , ); Azrak hospital –; assault planned () Madsus village Masahali, Wadi Yenbo Mafrak station , , , ; Masri, Wadi el raid near –; bombed ; Masruh Harb clan , , ; at attempt to attack ; bombed Masturah well –, , ; Turkish cavalry marches Mastur, Sherif: sent to Fagair ; at from Guweira , , ; (, ); Magrah Raal ; Diary Apr. at Tafileh , , ; () Masturah plain , –, – Mahamid clan: at Wasit – Masturah well – Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Matar, the Hesseni , , Turks plan to abandon –, Maulud el Mukhlus: character , , ; TEL thinks better –; in Turkish army , ; to leave Turks in –, ; Feisal’s ADC , –, , , Allies wish to take ; Nasir’s ; mounted unit under –, home ; Turkish garrison , , ; governor of Wejh maintained at ; prison ; ; attacks railway ; on Arab troops at ; besieged ; march to Akaba , ; at Petra () –, ; defends Wadi Musa Meinertzhagen, Major Richard ; drives Turks from Aba el –, Lissan ; (, ); at Mejaber: valley , ; springs Fuweilah ; (); wounded ; cemetery , ; ridge –, , Meleager Maxwell, Sir John Grenfell , melons , , Maynard, Major P. G. W., Royal Menippus Irish Rifles , , Merawin clan , , McMahon, Sir Henry: negotiates Merjan, Ageyli with Hussein , ; dispute with Mertaha, the MID –, , ; dismissed , Meseij, Wadi ; Diary Mar. , Mecca, holy Islamic city ; rule of Mesmiyeh ; and Turkey ; pilgrimage to Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) , , , , ; on outbreak of WWI , , , ; under Turkish rule ; French Military Mission in ; , , ; outbreak of WWI ; under Arab rule, , , beginnings of Arab Independence –; Palace band –; Abdulla Movement in ; British in, el Nahabi in ; strategic status – –, ; and Syria ; British troops in, Sept. ; Medain Salih , Arabs in, Sept. ; see also Meddan, Wadi place names medical treatment, Beduin: for fever Messarih, Wadi , – ; for snake-bite ; for Messudyieh , , wounds Metaab bin Atban bin Jazi , , Medina, holy Islamic city: AR – planned at , ; Jemal and Metawala people Enver review troops ; first Methar, Wadi battle of AR , , –, (Awali Mezerib , , , , sacked by Turks ), ; Fakhri , ; bodyguard arrives at at , –, ; held by Turks ; French station taken , , , , , , , , –; Turkish station taken , –, , ; Arabs –; camp at , ; blockade –; Arab troops railway line mined ; recalled ; Eshref exiled in ; water-tower blown up ; Index
(, , ); Diary Sept. Mirzuk: summoned to Aba el Lissan ; sent to Madeba ; Mezraa port raided ; Diary Jan. rides with TEL , , ,, ; (, , , , ) Mifleh el Gomaan of Beni Sakhr: Mirzuk el Tikheimi, Feisal’s guest- entertains TEL’s party at Bair master: reports rout of Zeid ; –; agrees to join Deraa raid brings clansmen to Feisal ; ; and ancestral tomb ; on (, ) railway raids , , , , Miskin , , , , ; –, –, , , , ; Diary Sept. rivalry with Fahad Mismah Mifleh el Hansha Mithgal, head of Faiz Beni Sakhr Mifleh ibn Bani , , , Mijbil, Biasha; rescues Salem ; Mitla hills (, ) Miya, Wadi , Mijbil, Haurani , –, Moab Hills , , Mijhem Shaalan , Moahib clan , , Mijz , modesty , Milif, Wadi , – Modhig village military exhaustion, Turkish – Mohammed, Agha Khan Military Intelligence Department, Mohammed Abu Tayi, son of Auda Cairo , –, , , ; Arab Abu Tayi , , Bureau , ; TEL reports to on Mohammed Ali Abu Sharrain , Rabegh question –; TEL sent back to Arabia ; (, Mohammed Ali ibn Beidawi, Emir , ); TEL reports taking of of the Juheina Beidawi , ; in Akaba –; British GHQ (Oct. Yenbo ; ⁽, ); on march –), (on Allenby’s arrival –, –; (); at Dhaba ) –, ; at Mudowwara military service –; payment Mohammed el Dheilan, cousin of , ; see also uniform, military Auda: character and appearance military theory , , –, , ; career ; at Wejh ; –, , –, , –; on march to Akaba , , , see also names of authors , , , (Auda tells story milk , ; camels’ , against –), (gives breakfast to Minerva, HMS camp ), –, ; in battle mines , –, –, –; –; negotiates with Turks tulips –, , –; camped with Auda Minifir: railway raids , –, , ; in Dead Sea campaign –; train mined –; Diary ; (, ); at Damascus June ; Nov. – mirage , , , , , , Mohammed el Kahdi: on railway , , , , raids , , –; Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Mohammed el Kahdi (contd ) sent Motlog ibn Jemiaan, Sheikh –, with TEL to Feisal –, –, , , , , –; mother ; at Wejh motorcycles camp motoring joyfulness –, , Mohammed el Nasir , , Mohammed Hassan: tormented by Moweilleh Abdulla and friends , Mreigha ; spring –, , Mohammed ibn Ghasib , ; Arabs take Mohammed ibn Jebarra Mteir, Sheikh –, Mohammed ibn Shefia , Mteir desert Mohammed ibn Zari of Jauf Muadhdham , , , ; Mohammed of Kiswi: joins TEL’s Kalaat el (castle) bodyguard ; (, , , Muaggar –; Diary Aug. , , ); rested ; (, ) mud and cold – Mohammed Said, Emir: Mudowwara station: plans to attack accident-prone ; sent by Jemal , , –; attack postponed to Feisal ; at Damascus , –; (); patrol from , , –, ; wells , , , , Mohammedans: in Syria , , (demolished ); prospects for , , , , ; see also driving ; expedition to ; Islam attacked –; well , ; Mohsin, of TEL’s bodyguard , (, ); Marshall plans to raid –; ICC to raid , ; Mohsin, Sherif, of the Harith taken –; Diary Sept. ; Mohsin, Sherif, of the Masruh Harb May Mufaddhi –, Mojeb valley , –, ; Diary Muhaidir June Muhaisin clan , Moltke, Helmuth, Count von Muheiwir, the , monarchy, English Mukheymer monotheism –, mules: in Arab army –, , Monreale castle , , ; stampede ; in Turkish morale – army , ; as booty morality of battle – Murabba Moroccans – murder – Morte d’Arthur (Malory) , Murphy, Lieutenant Arthur W., mosquitoes Australian Flying Corps , , Mosul, Mesopotamia , Motalga tribe: feud with Auda , Murra, Jebel ; at Tafileh , , –, Murra, Wadi ; well , Murray, Lieutenant-General Sir Motlog el Awar , , Archibald: personality , ; Index
General in Egypt ; heads , ; with Feisal –, , Intelligence department –; (, ; (, ); on march to ); interviews TEL –; (, Akaba –, , , –, , , , , ); attacks , –, , , , –, Gaza , ; (, ); raids , , (and Howeitat Nekhl , ; sent home –, hospitality , , –), , ; second attack on Gaza –; march resumed , , Murrmiya, Wadi , (and Auda ), , , , Musa, Wadi , , , ; ; at battle of Aba el Lissan , attacked ; Arab troops in , ; (, , –, ); at , ; Diary Jan. Akaba , , , , , Musa, watchman , ; granted a month’s leave Muscat ; to direct operations, Dec. Mushagraf, Sherari boy ; to take Jurf el Derawish , music –; Hejaz brass band ; raids Jurf el Derawish –; –, , ; see also songs attacks Tafileh –; ill at Musleh, cousin of Fahad Tafileh ; at Shobek –; Musleimieh attacks railway (takes Hesa Mustafa, member of TEL’s –), (takes Faraifra ), ; bodyguard , , , ; in Wadi Hesa –, , ; punished Turks evict ; in charge of rally Mustapha Kemal Pasha , at Azrak ; driving from Aba el myself – Lissan to Azrak ; at Azrak ; at Umtaiye , , , Nabateans –, ; Tell el Shehab , ; at Nablus , , , Nisib ; Umtaiye , ; Um Nagb el Shtar , , , ; el Surab , , ; at Umtaiye pass , , , , . Diary , ; (, , ); at July ; Jan., Mar. Sheikh Saad , ; at Deraa , ; pursuing Turks from Naimat tribe , , Deraa at Khaira –, ; on Nakhl Mubarak village , ; advance to Damascus , , Feisal camps near –, ; ; at Damascus , , –; battle of –; bombed ; ill. Feisal converts Juheina at ; nationalism and nationality , ; Arabs camp at ; Feisal’s tent, Arab , , , , , –, , Dec. ill. Diary Jan , , , ; Syrian , Napoleon Bonaparte , , , –, ; Feisal preaches , , –; Feisal’s creed ; and Nasir, Sherif, Emir of Medina: religion , ; Turkey , lineage, appearance and career ; character –; home at Nationalists, Turkish – Medina ; at battle of Medina Nawaf, son of Nuri Shaalan Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Nawaf el Faiz, brother of Mithgal –; the following night ; – fight with Turks’ repair party ; Nawwaf, head of Faiz Beni Sakhr () , , Nitria Nazareth , Njadat clan , Nebk Abu Gasr: Auda camped at, nomadism in action – enrolling men –, ; Diary North, Frederick, th Lord June Northbrook HMS –, Nebk desert , , , ; Nosairi sect TEL’s camel bought in Nowasera tribe , , , , Nefudh desert , , negroes: slaves ; TEL’s attitude Nueime village ; Diary Sept. to Nejd , , , , , , , Nugra, Hauran , – , , Nur el Bahr (Egyptian patrol ship) Nejef, revolt in Nekhl, Sinai: Murray raids , Nuri as-Said: with Arab Regulars at Rabegh ; at Akaba , –; Nesib el Bekri: character , , (); at Semna , , ; at ; at Wejh ; on march to Maan –; volunteers to Akaba , , , (camp-fire command Deraa expedition ; songs –), , , , (and opinion of Young ; leads search for Gasim –), , troops to Azrak ; arrives at (and Howeitat feasts , , Azrak ; marches past Deraa ), ; urges attack on ; (); on railway raids , Damascus, and treachery to , , , ; (, ); at Feisal –; feint attack ; Mezerib , ; at Tell el (); at Bosra Eski Sham ; Shehab –; at Nisib –; () (, ); railway raid ; on Neville, Philip move to Sheikh Saad , ; Newcombe, Colonel Stewart F., RE when Young proposes inaction , , ; meets Feisal ; on , ; (, ); rides to march to Wejh , , , Deraa , ; advance to , , ; at Wejh , , Damascus ; at Damascus ; railway wrecking , , –, , ; at Akaba ill. , , , , ; (); Nuri Shaalan, Emir of the Rualla: railway wrecking –, ; appearance ; character (); at Jeida ; ill. –; career ; authority ; Niazi Bey Arab nationalists seek refuge Nidfaan with , ; and Feisal ; Nijeil village messengers sent to , –; Nisib village , , ; station and Turks , ; (, attacked –; bridge attacked ); slave lost –; visit and Index
gift made to –, ; ; (); British GHQ , , sword-smith ; house at Ageila , , , –, –; ; asks TEL about British Turkish front , ; see also intentions –; (); hinders place names Turkish search for TEL’s party Palestine Railway , , , ; in railway raid –; (, , , , , –, ); with Feisal Palgrave, William Gifford and TEL at Jefer –; and palm-gardens and groves , peace negotiations ; in plan for –, , ; palms at Akaba march on Deraa ; (, , ; at Azrak ; see also dates ); marshals troops at Azrak parents , ; (, , , , –); Paris Peace Conference, , railway raid –; on move to –, Sheikh Saad , , , , Parker, Colonel Alfred C. , ; takes prisoners on Damascus Pascoe, nd Lieutenant George C., road , ; at Sheikh Saad ; RFA , takes prisoners ; at Khaira Peace Conference, Paris, , –; on advance to Damascus –, , , ; at Damascus , peace negotiations with Turkey, – – Peake, Captain Frederick G., West Obeid el Raashid , –, –, Riding Regiment ; with Egyptian Army Camel Corps , ; Odroh , , , , , , railway raids , –, , , ; Diary Feb., Apr. , –, , , , (, Ohod, Jebel ); attempts raid on Ifdein Omar el Jezairi, Emir –, ; (); using tulips Oppenheim, Max von –, ; explodes line north of Orontes valley , , , Mafrak ; () oryx , Persia , Osman, Wadi – Persian Gulf , , ostriches ; eggs , –, Peters, Lieutenant G. C., Australian Othman, Sheikh (Abdulla’s Flying Corps , secretary) – Petra: Nabatean –, ; Ottoman Empire –, –, Maulud at –, ; Arabs from Owais wells , , ; Arab troops at ; (, Oxford , , , ) Philistine plain pain –, , , , , –, Picot, François Georges- see , –, , –; and Georges-Picot, François punishment Pilgrim Road: from Rabegh –, Palestine ; troops in , , , , , ; Egyptian , ; , , , ; peasants of Sultani ; Mezerib Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Pisani, Captain Rosario: at Akaba punishment , , , –, ; on railway raids , , –; Haurani ; military ; –; prepares for march to TEL’s bodyguard – Azrak ; (, ); on railway raids , , , ; at Raal, Jebel , , , Mezerib , ; at Nisib , Raba of Rahalah clan , ; railway raid ; (, Rabegh , , , ; at , ); at Damascus beginning of AR –; Arab Plato Regular army formed at , , poetry: Arabic ; TEL’s , , , ; question of enjoyment of ; TEL thinks of stationing foreign troops at , at supposed point of death –; –, , , , (TEL’s memo on chanted on march ; see also –), –, , , ; Ali Dowson, Ernest; Kipling, at , , –, –, , ; Rudyard; songs; Swinburne, A. C. Turks threaten , , , ; poets, Arabian: recite to Feisal ; British ships at , ; TEL at celebrate victory ; on march –, –; stores diverted –; Feisal’s plans regarding ; police: Sherifian camel- ; from defences , ; aeroplanes Deraa, prisoners of Arabs arrive ; aerodrome ; Feisal politics values ; Allies abandon population, problem of – race prejudice –; Arabs and Port Said Indians , , , , ; Port Sudan negroes, TEL’s attitude to pot-au-feu – Radada clan , prayer: sunset ; at Damascus Rafa el Khoreisha , , Raha preaching , , , ; to Rahail, Haurani peasant: joins Serahin –; (); by Feisal TEL’s bodyguard ; character ; by Feisal and TEL, to Rualla and appearance ; Austrian –; (, ) officers shoot at ; after mining press-men: at Damascus – of train ; on railway raid , prisoners: Turkish treatment of , ; at Azrak ; rides with , , ; Feisal’s treatment TEL , –; at Tafileh ; of ; Arab treatment of , , at Jefer ; at Tell el Shehab –, , , , (officers , ); from wrecked train Rahalah clan , , , , ; at Deraa ; see Raho, French Army officer , also under Turkish Army raiding parties, Beduin , , privacy , , , , private troubles, TEL’s, – railways –, , ; prophet, a new –, – demolition techniques , Prost, Sergeant Claude , –, (tulips –); Index
French –, ; repaired after restraint – Damascus taken ; see also Retem, Wadi Hejaz Railway; Palestine Railway Riet el Khel Raja el Khuluwi , , – Rifaa Juheina , ; sheikhs Ramleh station , , ; Rijit el Herar ; Diary June railway destroyed around –, ; (, , ); aerodrome Riyadh –, ; (); Diary Dec. , road manners Feb. ; Apr. ; Sept., Robertson, Brigadier-General A. B. Oct. Ramsay Rolls, S. C., RASC (HACC) , Ras Gara, near Wadi Ais , , ; repairs tender Ras Muheiwir , , – Rasheidiya village , , , Rolls-Royce cars see Hejaz , , Armoured Car Company Rashid Medfai , Roman ruins –, , , , Rasim: character ; at Yenbo , , –; Feisal’s gunner , ; Ross, Major , , , , on march –; at Kurr , Rothschild, Lionel Walter, nd ; at Wejh ; sent to Fagair Baron ; at Tafileh , –, ; rough night Hesa ; forestalls mutiny Rowan, Lieutenant: death rebellion , , , , ; see Royal Air Force –, , ; also Arab Revolt supplies to Arabia –; see also Red Crescent hospital orderlies aerodromes; aeroplanes; bombing Red Sea , –, , , , raids; see also Royal Flying Corps , ; British Navy patrol , (up to April ) –, – Royal Flying Corps ; battle of refugees: Algerian, in Syria ; Wejh ; (); Crossley passage of , Tenders , , ; see also Reimi, Wadi Royal Air Force (from April ) religion: monotheism –; and Royal Navy: Red Sea Fleet , , AR , ; semitic religiosity , , –, ; see also names –; ascetic creeds –; of ships , ; mosque ; and Rualla tribe , , , , ; politics ; see also Christianity in Ageila ; on railway raid , and Christians; God; Islam; ; in Aba el Lissan battle ; Semites (, , , , ); Feisal Remthe village , , , , and TEL preach to at Jefer , , –; (, , , , , Resafe wells ); on railway raids , ; Reshad, Sultan (); at Um el Surab ; Resheidiya (); railway raids –, ; Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Rualla tribe (contd ): pursue Turks Sakhara hill from Deraa , , ; ride to Saladin , Damascus , , –; see Salama (Egyptian doctor) also Shaalan Rualla clan Saleh, Sheikh, of Faiz Beni Sakhr Rubiaan, Wadi Ais , , , , Rudhwa, Jebel , , , , , Saleh ibn Shefia, son of Mohammed: at battle of Wejh Rufaifan, Kerak headman –, , , ; greets TEL ; at Semna Rufaiyir hills Salem, Feisal’s slave ; on mining Rufeiya, Jebel of train , –; missing , Ruhi, Hussain, Wilson’s assistant ; found Rum, Wadi –, , –, Salem, Sherari camel-herd: enrolled –, , , , , ; in TEL’s bodyguard ; rides Arab camp , –, –, with Lloyd ; controls camel –, ; mutiny quelled ; well-house –, ; Diary Salem el Alayan , , –, Sept., Oct ; Aug. Rumh, Wadi Salem of the Ageyl: killed Russ , Salih, Sheikh Russia , Salkhad village , , , Ruweilim, Ateiba horseman , Salmond, Air Vice-Marshal Sir –, , Geoffrey , , –, , , , , –, saa berries Salonika Saad, Ageyl captain Salt , , ; Allenby fails to Saad el Ghoneim take , ; raided , ; Saad el Sikeini (, ) sacrifice – Samarra clan of the Juheina Sadaka post ; Diary Mar. samh ; pits – Sami el Bekri , saddle-mats Samra saddles, camel- ; British military sandals , , –, Sanderson, J. E., RASC (HACC) Safa pass , , saffron el Jesha Sarona Safra, Wadi , –, , , , Saud ibn Abd el Aziz, Emir of the ; floods ; Feisal camped at Rashids , –, –; Zeid takes over Saura, Wadi ; Turks take –, ; (, Saxe, Marshal de , , ) Sayed Ali , Sagr ibn Shaalan , Sayid Taleb , Saida village , scorpion , – Index
Scott, Captain, hydrographer – Serbia Scott, Major R. H. ; commandant Serd, Jebel , at Akaba , Serdiyeh tribe , , , , Scott-Higgins, Captain E. ; railway raids , , (), – Sirhan tribe , , see also Sebeil: Kalaat (fort) , Serahin secret northern reconnaissance, sermon, midnight – TEL’s, June servitude, service and servility ; secret societies, Arab –, in the East –, –; military Seif, Ateiba horseman , , , –; see also discipline; slaves Seven Pillars of Wisdom: sources ; Seil Abu Arad , – first draft ; rewritten ; style ; Seil el Hesa battle –, , , names and identification –; and , ; Diary Feb. diary , Seil el Kelb valley , sexuality , , –, , , Seil Fejr Seil Gelib Shaalan Rualla clan ; feud with Seil Hawia Jazi ; (); with Feisal and Seil Raugha TEL at Jefer – self-surrender – Shaatha village Selhub (Sellum) , , Shahad, Sherif, Emir of Medina Selim el Jezairi Shahm station see Tell Shahm Sellum (Selhub) , , station Semakh Shaiba, battle of Semites –; migrations –; Shakespear, Captain W. H. I. – religiosity –, ; Shakir, Sherif ; character and conquered –, ; (, ) appearance –; in early AR Semna ; Feisal camped at –; ; on railway raid , –, water ; Turks fall back to ; ; war song –; in camp Arabs take –, ; Arabs with Abdulla , , –; occupy ; (); Diary Jan. () Shamiya ; Wadi Senefhe village Shammar, Jebel , , , – Senussi, the (Sayed Ahmed) , , Shammar tribe: raiding parties , , , , , , ; HQ – Serahah clan Sharkeui: Enver Pasha at – Serahin tribe , , ; join Sharraf, Sherif: character –, TEL’s party –; on Yarmuk ; with Feisal , , , valley raid , –, , ; , , , ; at Yenbo at Azrak ; on camel convoy –, ; at Wejh ; ; Sept. , –, ; attacking railway , , , see also Serahin ; meets march to Akaba , Seram, Wadi ; governor of Taif Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Shatt post –, Arabs capture ; river crossed Shawish, Sheikh Abdul Aziz ; TEL sinks in river ; TEL Shea, Major-General Sir J. M. , rests at with Abd el Mayin –; , , , Zeid camped at ; TEL at Shedia , , , : Diary –; (, , ); Diary Jan., Oct. Feb., Mar. sheep , , , , –; Shomari , , served at feasts –, , Showakh, Sherari camel-herd: –, , , , ; enrolled in TEL’s bodyguard ; captured and consumed ; introduces cousin desecrate mosque ; bombed Shtar see Nagb el Shtar Shukri Pasha el Ayubi: in Damascus Shefa ridge , , , , , , Shegg, plain –; Diary May Siddons, Flying Officer V. D. , , ; Oct. , , , , , Shehab see Tell el Shehab sidr trees , Shehad, Emir of Medina simplicity, virtue in – Sheikh Miskin see Miskin Sinai desert: Murray in , , Sheikh Saad village , ; Allies ; importance of Akaba to ; move to –; arrive –; TEL crosses –; winds ; Turks taken around –; (, ICC in , , ; Diary May, ); after Tafas events ; June ; Oct. Diary Sept. Sirhan, Wadi: strategic position Sheikh well , , , ; plans to march through , sheikhs – ; (, ); party crosses Shejerat el Tayar, tree –, –, ; Turks Shekad, Emir search ; (, ); Ammari Shellala, el, waterfall water –; Turks in –; shepherds driving in –; Sept. , Sherarat race , –; subsistence –; boy deals with Sirhan, Al, tribe, see Al Sirhan prisoner –; steal sheep on slaves ; slave villages , –, ; railway raid ; at Aba el Lissan value ; legal status –; girl battle ; boy guide for ; Feisal’s, in camp , , armoured cars , –, ; on march ; at Wejh Sherifs ; title camp ; at feast ; Feisal’s, as Sheriufi, el army attendants ; Feisal’s, on Sherm Habban: Zeid at ; railway raids , , ; Hardinge at –, , ; Sherarat Diary Jan. sleep: pressure of ; substitute Shia sect , , for Shobek: Turkish camels at , ; Slieve Foy, HMS raided ; (, , , ); smells Index
Smith, Lieutenant-Colonel Leslie, storm – ICC, Storrs, Sir Ronald: character and Smith, Ross M., Australian Flying appearance , (); missions Corps: flies TEL to Wadi Hafira to Hejaz , , –, –, and air reconnaissance ; at –, ; in Cairo ; in Ramleh ; at Um el Surab Jerusalem ; () –, ; aerial combat –; Stotzingen, von , () strangeness – smoking , –, , strategy and tactics –, Smuts, General Jan , , –; for campaign in Syria Smyrna – Snagge, Captain A. L., RN: on Subh, Jebel , , , –, ; Humber –, , (Christmas Turks secure –; clan of hospitality ), ; () Subhi el Omari , Snainirat , , , Sudan , ; slaves from ; trade snakes , –, –, , ; with ; soldiers from , ; Beduin treatment for bites Sudanese snow , , , –, Sudr water supply snow-bound Sueig songs ; of freedom ; of Suez , , , , , ; Sinai Howeitat , ; marching ; Hotel ; Diary Feb. ; of outrage ; war – July, Oct. ; Dec. , Mar. Sotham, father of Faris ; June Spanish Consul at Damascus Suez Canal , , , , ; Spencer, Herbert British defences ; TEL crosses Spinoza, Baruch spree – Sukhur hills, el , – spy – Sukhuri, see Beni Sakhr stars –, Suleiman, guest-master at Wejh Stent, Captain F. W. , , – Suleiman el Judi Stirling, Major W. F., Royal Dublin Suleiman Rifada Pasha of the Billi Fusiliers ; sent to Akaba ; , , , , ; vegetable rides with column ; (, , garden ; on mined train , , ); on advance to Suleiman the Ateyba Damascus , , , , Sultan el Abbud , , , ; –; at Damascus death of servant – Stokes (Cpl. Brooke): sent as Sultan el Atrash – artillery instructor –; at Azrak Sultani , ; clan ; station ; rides with Arab party –, ; Diary June , –; at Rum , , Sulut tribe , ; on railway raids , Sumeidat clan , , –, , , , Sumra station ; returns to Egypt sunlight: effect on eyes , Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Sunni sect , , , , ); Diary Jan., Feb. sunsets , Taher – Suva, HMS , , , ; Diary Tahsin Jan. Taif , ; band captured at ; Suvla, attack at guns captured at ; siege of Suwan, the , , Swinburne, A. C.: ‘Super Flumina Taif, cousin of Feisal Babylonis’ quoted Taiyibe, Wadi , , , , sword-smiths Sykes, Sir Mark , ; Taiyibe village ; TEL visits personality ; death malcontents –; fire on Allies Sykes–Picot Agreement , – ; at risk ; recompensed Symes, Lieutenant Colonel G. Talaat Pasha, Mehmed , , , Stewart, Hampshire Regiment Syria , ; population –; Talal el Hareidhin, Sheikh of Tafas ruined Roman palace –; , ; career ; joins TEL outbreak of WWI –, –; –; (); at Azrak ; at compared to Hejaz ; Mezerib ; at Nisib ; Um el geography –; Sept. Surab , ; (, , , campaign –; see also place ); takes Ezraa , ; (, names ); returns to Tafas , , syrian elements – ; rides after Turks –; syrian peoples – death , syrian politics , – Talbot Battery , –, syrian towns – tamarisk trees , , , , Syrians ; in Arab armies ; and , , , –, , , Beduin , , ; as fuel , ; road laid with tactics see strategy and tactics Taraba valley Tadmor , Tareif Beni Ayub , Tafas village , ; taken by Tarfa, Beni Sakhr woman Turks ; Arabs find bodies Tasha Pass –; Arabs take revenge –; taxation ; tax-gatherers (, ) tea: Arabs’ , , , (fauzan Tafileh village , , , ; ); Indian ; British Army attack planned , ; Nasir , (boiled in desert ), , takes –; Arabs occupy –; Turks counter-attack –; Tebuk village , , , , battle in el Hesa –; , , ; Turks in , , subsequently, winter in –, , ; TEL brings gold to , Tehama desert –, –, , , , –; Turks retake ; , Arabs retake ; (, , , Teima , , Index
Tekrit Thomas, C. W. RASC (HACC) telephone: Hussein uses –, , thorn-scrub , ; Abdulla el Nahabi first Thorne (trooper with Lloyd): on encounters railway raid –, , ; Telesius photographed on camel Tell Arar (Khuman) , , ; Thrace railway damaged –, ; tides of wandering – (, , ); German plane time, concept of crash ; () Times, The Tell el Shehab: village , , Timurs (young sheikh –, –, ); Tleih, Wadi , ; Diary Mar. bridge , ; raid on , –, , (, ), (Sept. tobacco ; see also smoking attempt on –); railway , Togatga clan , , , , –, (cut ); waterfall tools, primitive –, –; (); Diary Nov. Towala wells , Towana Tell Khuman see Tell Arar Toweiha –, , ; dispute Tell Shahm station ; attacked wages ; (, ) –; (, ); destroyed Toweira station –; Diary Dec. ; Apr. towns: grossness ; syrian – Townshend, General Charles V. Temimi tribe – Trad, nephew of Nuri Shaalan tents: at Nakhl Mubarak ; ; at Jefer ; at Azrak ; Feisal’s , –, , , ill.; on railway raid ; at Deraa of Ibrahim Pasha ; at Wejh –; feasting in –; Auda’s Trad ibn Nuweiris of Beni Sakhr ; pitching –; E.P.I.P. , tent (European Purpose Indian Trad of the Mor: at Kerak –; Pattern) rides with TEL on reconnaissance Tewfik, Port –; (, ) Tewfik Bey , trade: Wadi Safra ; at Akaba ; Tewfik el Halabi –, , see also markets Traill, pilot – Themed wells , , , , transport see aeroplanes; camels; , , ; TEL at –; cars; railways Diary June travel permits for Allied troops thirst , –, , , , ; – endurance , treachery , –, – thistles trees: for firewood ; cleared for Thlaithukhwat peaks , , , aerodrome –; Shejerat el , , , ; Diary Aug. Tayar ; sidr , ; see also tamarisk Seven Pillars of Wisdom tribes, Arab: punishments , , , , , , , , , ; at , –, –, ; Dardanelles ; reviewed, , wandering –; law ; ; exhaustion –; ill-health jealousies, distrust and disputes ; prisoners from , , , , –, , , –, –, , , –, , , , , , , , , , , , , (officers , ), (settled by TEL ); sheikhs , (farmed out to villages , –; Sherifs ; poets ; ); sack Awali ; treatment of genealogy , , ; swear prisoners by , , , ; allegiance to Feisal –, , Jan. condition ; deserters , –; feuds –, –, from , , –, , ; , , , (composed by ; defeated at Wejh , ; Feisal –), ; dialects , Jaafar Pasha in –; and Akaba , ; marching –, ; –; stupidity ; at Minifir, nationalism ; boundaries ; pass unchallenged ; officers sense of direction ; see also , (as prisoners , ); dead Arab forces / Tribal; raiding soldiers ; after Arabs take parties; names of tribes Akaba –; sexual abuse in ; Tripoli , , , , , discipline ; July ; Tuba move south to Tafileh –, ; Tubaik, Jebel , , , cavalry available ; at Tafas Tubja, Wadi , – ; pursued from Tafas –: Tul Keram , • Sections: German units ; tulip mines –, Fourth Army , , , , Tullibardine, William Murray, , , , – (retreat from Marquis of Deraa –, , –); Tulul el Shebb Seventh ; Eighth Corps ; Turaa, Wadi ; Diary Mar. Twelfth Corps ; th Division ; th Regiment Turkestan Turkish language – Turkey: in WWI , ; decay, Turkish Navy ; military exhaustion Turkish parliament , , –; in Sykes–Picot Agreement turkish revolution –; see also , ; peace negotiations, Young Turks –; see also Ottoman Empire Turks –; rule Arabs –, , Turki, son of Mifleh , , –, , –; and Akaba –; character ; at mining –; Howeitat negotiate with of train , ; govern Syria –, , Turki –, , Beni Sakhr , ; Arabs’ opinion of , sheikh –; TEL’s opinion of Turkish army , , ; in Turra village , Mesopotamia ; Arab Divisions Turton, Captain: takes Kunfida , ; Arab nationalists in , , –; commands Northbrook – Index typhus personality –; arrives in tyres, for armoured cars , , Hejaz , ; at lunch with , , Feisal ; disagrees with TEL –, ; at battle of Wejh Ugila, plain ; leaves Ugula, Jebel , virtue in simplicity – Ula, el , , , , , , volcanic lava –, –, , Um el Fenajin water pits Wabsi see Billi Um el Jemal village , , , Wade, Second Lieutenant E. H., MGC (HACC) , , Um el Rusas , ; Diary June Wadi (valley): place names beginning Wadi are entered under the second Um el Surab , , ; Allies element camp at –, –; aircraft at Wagf ridge , ; Diary June –, –; Allies leave ; Diary Sept. Wahabis , Um Idhn, Jebel Waheida spring , ; Arabs Um Keis village (ancient Gadara) take ; Turks at , ; (, ); Feisal at , ; (, , Um Kharug , , , ; , ); Diary Apr. , Diary Aug. Um Lejj: Suva docked at –; Waish Billi see Billi fort shelled ; mules stampede war: Arab rules of ; of nationality ; (); market ; (, , or religion , ; see also ) military theory Um Mahrug war breaks out –, , Um Regaiba War Cabinet, British , Umdeisisat ; Diary Aug. War Office, British , , , , Umtaiye , , ; Roman ruins , , ; Allies’ base –, ; warfare in hejaz – bridge destroyed –; Allies’ Warren, Captain , camp , , , , , Wasit well , –, , ; bombed ; Wasta village , –, Allies return to water: of Semna ; carriage , uniform, military , , , , , ; consumption , ; , , , , Um el Fenajin pits ; from Urfa (Edessa) train tender ; Beduin priorities ; Bir el Emire –; in vegetable crops , car radiators ; see also thirst; Vehib Pasha wells veterinary service, envisaged water-tower, Mezerib Vickery, Major Charles E., RFA: water-train Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Wavell, Brigadier-General Wingate, Sir Reginald ; and Arab Archibald P., Royal Highlanders Independence Movement , , –, –; sends soldiers from Wejh , ; plan to march on Sudan ; TEL meets at Khartum , , , , , –, –; commander of Hejaz Force , , –; march begins ; (, ); agrees to transfer –; resumed –, –; of Arab Army to Allenby’s order of march –; attack command –, ; writes to planned ; captured –, Hussein –, ; Feisal camped at , , winter –, , ; see also , –, –, –; TEL snow returns to ; market , , winter arrives – , , ; TEL proposes winter overcome – closure of camp ; TEL returns Winterton, Major E., 6th Earl, to ; Feisal at, Mar. ill.; Sussex Yeomanry , ; at Azrak TEL at, ill.; Diary Jan., Feb., –, ; (); on railway Mar., Apr., May ; July raids –, , (at Kilo. bridge –, ), , , ; well-borer, at Akaba (, , ) wells: proprietorship –, ; in wireless: equipment thrown into sea palm groves ; insufficiency , ; station set up , ; salty , ; imshash Wishwasha hamlet ; Bair, exploded –; Jefer women –, ; in camp , (exploded –), (repaired , –8; slaughtered , ; –); Akaba ; at Rum, Auda’s wife ; from wrecked bathing in –, ; Turkish train , , ; Mudowwara, fouled , ; nomadic , ; prostitutes Bair, repaired –; Hesa, ; childbirth ; sexuality destroyed ; see also entries ; gypsies , ; TEL’s beginning Bir attitude to ; murdered at Wemyss, Admiral Sir Rosslyn, RN Tafas , , –, , – Wood, Lieutenant C. E. ; on Widian district – railway raids , –, , Williams , –; returns to base –; Willisen, Hans Karl von sent to Akaba for stores , , Wilson, Colonel Cyril E. ; honesty ; British Representative in wood supplies , , , , Jidda , , , , , , , , ; brushwood ; –, , , , , , for railway ; see also firewood Wordie, Major W., RASC winds ; hot –; of northern World War I: outbreak –, desert ; at Jefer ; at Maan , ; seen as double conflict ; Western front , , Index wormwood , , , , , , ; in charge of transport , –, –, , –, wounded men, killed rather than , , ; at Aba el Lissan left for Turks , , , –; plan for raiding Deraa wounds, treatment of –, ; (, ); Nuri Wright, Major-General H. B. H., RE as-Said’s view of ; (, ); , railway raids , , , , Wuld Ali tribe , , (at Nisib ), ; at Umtaiye Wuld Mohammed Harb tribe , ; railway raid ; proposes retreat to Bosra , Xenophon , –; at Sheikh Saad , ; at Damascus , Yarmuk Valley , ; plan to Young, Capt. J. W. A. , attack railway , –, (arrival Young Turks –, , , , , at –), –, , , , Yasin el Hashimi , , Younghusband, Major-General Sir Yells see Lewis G. J. Yemen , , , , , ; Yusuf Khusheirim, Sheikh: career population – ; at Yenbo , , ; Yenbo: described ; Feisal meets (); oversees supplies , Wilson at ; base for stores , –; camel dyed , , , , ; defended , , –; Zeid rides in ; Zaagi: commander of TEL’s British ships at , , , bodyguard , , ; at –; evacuation proposed Akaba , ; at Tafileh , –; Zeid despatched from ; on camel convoy ; (, , ; administration ; ); on ride out of Akaba ; evacuated , –; packing up escorting ICC ; at Nisib ; a base ; wireless thrown into punishes bodyguard ; at Tafas sea ; Feisal’s army enters, Dec. ; at Deraa ill. Diary Jan Zaal, ibn: declares allegiance to Yenbo, Wadi , ; described , Feisal , ; at Wejh ; on –; (–); Feisal’s army march to Akaba , , , camped in –; floods –; , (at feasts , , , Turks rout Arabs in –, ; –), , ; leads railway Zeid sent to , ; men of ; raids –; restrains Arabs from see also place names attack –; march resumed Yeni Turan doctrine ; at Guweira , ; dispute Yezidi people with Gasim ; on railway raids Yilderim army , , , , , , , , Young, Captain Hubert W., 116th –, –, , ; declines Mahrattas, Indian Army ; career to join further expeditions –; ; in Arabia –, , , in Feisal’s camp , ; Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Zaal, ibn (contd ) at Sheikh Saad resigns ; with Feisal ; Sept. ; at Damascus , ; army arrives in Zebn Beni Sakhr see Beni Sakhr Akaba ill. Zebn Sukhur –, , , Zeitun (Turkey) Zeid, father of Shakir Zeitun, army school, Egypt – Zeid ibn Hussein, Emir: personality Zeki Bey: sent from Sudan , ; , ; early life , –; TEL (, ); on march to Akaba meets , ; at Rabegh , , , , (camel dies of mange , ; (); at Wadi Safra , –), , , , (routed by Turks –, ); Zelebani clan , rides into Yenbo ; retakes Bir Zerga village , , Said ; sent to Rabegh , Zerka, Wadi , , ; at Tafileh , , Zibliyat Hills –, –, , , , Zionism , , , , (appropriates Zizia , , funds –, , ); Zumle hills , – commands half Arab Army ; Zunguldak appointed to succeed Feisal ; Zuweida clan , ,